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Journal articles on the topic 'Gamma_ray'

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1

M., Manar, Mohamed S., Sherief Hashima, Imbaby I., Mohamed Amal-Eldin, and Nesreen I. "Hardware Implementation for Pileup Correction Algorithms in Gamma_Ray Spectroscopy." International Journal of Computer Applications 176, no. 6 (2017): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2017915634.

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2

Nath, Rajat Kanti. "A note on super integral rings." Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 38, no. 4 (2019): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.v38i4.39637.

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Let $R$ be a nite non-commutative ring with center $Z(R)$. The commuting graph of $R$, denoted by $\Gamma_R$, is a simple undirected graph whose vertex set is $R\setminus Z(R)$ and two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $xy = yx$. Let$\Spec(\Gamma_R), \L-Spec(\GammaR)$ and $\Q-Spec(\GammaR)$ denote the spectrum, Laplacian spectrum and signless Laplacian spectrum of $\Gamma_R$ respectively. A nite non-commutative ring $R$ is called super integral if $\Spec(\Gamma_R), \L-Spec(Gamma_R)$ and $\Q-Spec(\Gamma_R)$ contain only integers. In this paper, we obtain several classes
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3

Zhang, Chang-Xu, Fu-Tao Hu, and Shu-Cheng Yang. "On the (total) Roman domination in Latin square graphs." AIMS Mathematics 9, no. 1 (2023): 594–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2024031.

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<abstract><p>Latin square, also known as Latin square matrix, refers to a kind of $ n\times n $ matrix, in which there are exactly $ n $ different symbols and each symbol appears exactly once in each row and column. A Latin square graph $ \Gamma(L) $ is a simple graph associated with a Latin square $ L $. This paper studied the relationships between the (total) Roman domination number and (total) domination number of Latin square graph $ \Gamma(L) $. We showed that $ \gamma_{R}(\Gamma(L)) = 2\gamma(\Gamma(L)) $ or $ \gamma_{R}(\Gamma(L)) = 2\gamma(\Gamma(L))-1 $, and $ \gamma_{tR}(
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4

GONZÁLEZ-SÁNCHEZ, JON, and FRANCESCA SPAGNUOLO. "A BOUND ON THE p-LENGTH OF P-SOLVABLE GROUPS." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 57, no. 1 (2014): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089514000196.

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AbstractLet G be a finite p-solvable group and P a Sylow p-subgroup of G. Suppose that $\gamma_{\ell (p-1)}(P)\subseteq \gamma_r(P)^{p^s}$ for ℓ(p−1) < r + s(p − 1), then the p-length is bounded by a function depending on ℓ.
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5

Kuryliak, A. O. "Wiman’s type inequality for entire multiple Dirichlet series with arbitrary complex exponents." Matematychni Studii 59, no. 2 (2023): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/ms.59.2.178-186.

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It is proved analogues of the classical Wiman's inequality} for the class $\mathcal{D}$ of absolutely convergents in the whole complex plane $\mathbb{C}^p$ (entire) Dirichlet series of the form $\displaystyle F(z)=\sum\limits_{\|n\|=0}^{+\infty} a_ne^{(z,\lambda_n)}$ with such a sequence of exponents $(\lambda_n)$ that $\{\lambda_n\colon n\in\mathbb{Z}^p\}\subset \mathbb{C}^p$ and $\lambda_n\not=\lambda_m$ for all $n\not= m$. For $F\in\mathcal{D}$ and $z\in\mathbb{C}^p\setminus\{0\}$ we denote 
 $\mathfrak{M}(z,F):=\sum\limits_{\|n\|=0}^{+\infty}|a_n|e^{\Re(z,\lambda_n)},\quad\mu(z,F):=\s
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6

Nithishraj, S., A. Nagoor Gani, and P. Muruganantham. "Domination and Independence in Fuzzy Semigraphs." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 34 (2024): 3580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i34.2133.

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Objectives: To identify dominating and independent sets in fuzzy semigraphs by developing suitable methods. To examine dominating and independent sets in fuzzy semigraphs for their characteristics and behaviors. The goal is to examine the use of the concepts of domination and independence in the fields of analysis of social networks, security of networks, and allocation of resources. Methods: This study introduces the concept of strong arc fuzzy semigraph and explores various parameters such as dominating and independent sets. The Minimum Adjacent Dominating Number (ad-number) \gamma_a(\operat
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7

Sheikholeslami, Seyed Mahmoud, Nasrin Dehgardi, Lutz Volkmann, and Dirk Meierling. "The Roman bondage number of a digraph." Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 47, no. 4 (2016): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.47.2016.2100.

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Let $D=(V,A)$ be a finite and simple digraph. A Roman dominating function on $D$ is a labeling $f:V (D)\rightarrow \{0, 1, 2\}$ such that every vertex with label 0 has an in-neighbor with label 2. The weight of an RDF $f$ is the value $\omega(f)=\sum_{v\in V}f (v)$. The minimum weight of a Roman dominating function on a digraph $D$ is called the Roman domination number, denoted by $\gamma_{R}(D)$. The Roman bondage number $b_{R}(D)$ of a digraph $D$ with maximum out-degree at least two is the minimum cardinality of all sets $A'\subseteq A$ for which $\gamma_{R}(D-A')>\gamma_R(D)$. In this p
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8

S, Nithishraj, Nagoor Gani A, and Muruganantham P. "Domination and Independence in Fuzzy Semigraphs." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 17, no. 34 (2024): 3580–88. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v17i34.2133.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong>&nbsp;To identify dominating and independent sets in fuzzy semigraphs by developing suitable methods. To examine dominating and independent sets in fuzzy semigraphs for their characteristics and behaviors. The goal is to examine the use of the concepts of domination and independence in the fields of analysis of social networks, security of networks, and allocation of resources.&nbsp;<strong>Methods:</strong>&nbsp;This study introduces the concept of strong arc fuzzy semigraph and explores various parameters such as dominating and independent sets. The Minim
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9

Alshahrani, Fatimah, Wahiba Bouabsa, Ibrahim M. Almanjahie, and Mohammed Kadi Attouch. "Robust kernel regression function with uncertain scale parameter for high dimensional ergodic data using $ k $-nearest neighbor estimation." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 6 (2023): 13000–13023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023655.

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&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this paper, we consider a new method dealing with the problem of estimating the scoring function $ \gamma_a $, with a constant $ a $, in functional space and an unknown scale parameter under a nonparametric robust regression model. Based on the $ k $ Nearest Neighbors ($ k $NN) method, the primary objective is to prove the asymptotic normality aspect in the case of a stationary ergodic process of this estimator. We begin by establishing the almost certain convergence of a conditional distribution estimator. Then, we derive the almost certain convergence (with rate)
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10

Kannaiyan, Ashok, Sekarapandian Natarajian, and B. R. Vinoth. "Stability of a laminar pipe flow subjected to a step-like increase in the flow rate." Physics of Fluids, May 15, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090337.

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We perform the linear modal stability analysis of a pipe flow subjected to a step-like increment in the flow rate from a steady initial flow with flow rate, $Q_i$, to a final flow with flow rate, $Q_f$, at the time, $t_c$. A step-like increment in the flow rate induces a non-periodic unsteady flow for a definite time interval. The ratio, $\Gamma_a={Q}_i/{Q}_f$, parameterizes the increase in the flow rate, and it ranges between $0$ to $1$. The stability analysis for a pipe flow subjected to a step-like increment in the flow rate from the steady laminar flow ($\Gamma_a&amp;gt;0$) is not reported
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11

Cools, Filip, and Marta Panizzut. "The Gonality Sequence of Complete Graphs." Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 24, no. 4 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.37236/6876.

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The gonality sequence $(\gamma_r)_{r\geq1}$ of a finite graph/metric graph/algebraic curve comprises the minimal degrees $\gamma_r$ of linear systems of rank $r$. For the complete graph $K_d$, we show that $\gamma_r = kd - h$ if $r&lt;g=\frac{(d-1)(d-2)}{2}$, where $k$ and $h$ are the uniquely determined integers such that $r = \frac{k(k+3)}{2} - h$ with $1\leq k\leq d-3$ and $0 \leq h \leq k $. This shows that the graph $K_d$ has the gonality sequence of a smooth plane curve of degree $d$. The same result holds for the corresponding metric graphs.
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12

Kim, Kijung. "Italian, 2-rainbow and Roman domination numbers in middle graphs." RAIRO - Operations Research, March 25, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2024072.

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Given a graph $G$, we consider the Italian domination number $\gamma_I(G)$, the $2$-rainbow domination number $\gamma_{r2}(G)$ and the Roman domination number $\gamma_R(G)$. It is known that $\gamma_I(G) \leq \gamma_{r2}(G) \leq \gamma_R(G)$ holds for any graph $G$. In this paper, we prove that $\gamma_I(M(G)) =\gamma_{r2}(M(G)) =\gamma_R(M(G)) =n$ for the middle graph $M(G)$ of a graph $G$ of order $n$, which gives an answer for an open problem posed by Mustapha Chellali et al. [Discrete Applied Mathematics 204 (2016) 22--28]. Moreover, we give a complete characterization of Roman domination
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13

Favaron, Odile. "Global Alliances and Independent Domination in Some Classes of Graphs." Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 15, no. 1 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.37236/847.

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A dominating set $S$ of a graph $G$ is a global (strong) defensive alliance if for every vertex $v\in S$, the number of neighbors $v$ has in $S$ plus one is at least (greater than) the number of neighbors it has in $V\setminus S$. The dominating set $S$ is a global (strong) offensive alliance if for every vertex $v\in V\setminus S$, the number of neighbors $v$ has in $S$ is at least (greater than) the number of neighbors it has in $V\setminus S$ plus one. The minimum cardinality of a global defensive (strong defensive, offensive, strong offensive) alliance is denoted by $\gamma_a(G)$ ($\gamma_
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14

Najafi, Hamed. "An extension of the van Hemmen–Ando norm inequality." Glasgow Mathematical Journal, August 3, 2022, 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089522000155.

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Abstract Let $C_{\||.\||}$ be an ideal of compact operators with symmetric norm $\||.\||$ . In this paper, we extend the van Hemmen–Ando norm inequality for arbitrary bounded operators as follows: if f is an operator monotone function on $[0,\infty)$ and S and T are bounded operators in $\mathbb{B}(\mathscr{H}\;\,)$ such that ${\rm{sp}}(S),{\rm{sp}}(T) \subseteq \Gamma_a=\{z\in \mathbb{C} \ | \ {\rm{re}}(z)\geq a\}$ , then \begin{equation*}\||f(S)X-Xf(T)\|| \leq\;f'(a) \ \||SX-XT\||,\end{equation*} for each $X\in C_{\||.\||}$ . In particular, if ${\rm{sp}}(S), {\rm{sp}}(T) \subseteq \Gamma_a$
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15

Azami Aghdash, Akbar, Nader Jafari Rad, and Bahram Vakili Fasaghandisi. "On the restrained domination stability in graphs." RAIRO - Operations Research, December 31, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1051/ro/2024233.

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‎A subset $S$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is a dominating set if every vertex not in $S$ is adjacent to a vertex in $S$‎. ‎A dominating set $S$ is a restrained dominating set if for each vertex $x\in V(G)-S$ there is a vertex $y\in V(G)-S$ such that $xy\in E(G)$‎. ‎The restrained domination number of $G$‎, ‎denoted by $\gamma_r(G)$ is the minimum cardinality of a restrained dominating set of $G$‎. ‎The restrained domination stability number of $G$‎, ‎denoted by $st_{\gamma_r}(G)$‎, ‎is the minimum number of vertices whose‎ ‎removal changes the restrained domination number of $G$‎. ‎In this pape
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16

Fuidah, Quthrotul Aini, Dafik Dafik, and Ermita Rizki Albirri. "Resolving Domination Number pada Keluarga Graf Buku." CGANT JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS AND APPLICATIONS 1, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25037/cgantjma.v1i2.44.

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All graph in this paper are members of family of book graph. Let $G$ is a connnected graph, and let $W = \{w_1,w_2,...,w_i\}$ a set of vertices which is dominating the other vertices which are not element of $W$, and the elements of $W$ has a different representations, so $W$ is called resolving dominating set. The minimum cardinality of resolving dominating set is called resolving domination number, denoted by $\gamma_r(G)$. In this paper we obtain the exact values of resolving dominating for family of book graph.
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17

Jiang, Hechuan, Dongpu Wang, Yu Cheng, Huageng Hao, and Chao Sun. "Effects of ratchet surfaces on inclined thermal convection." Physics of Fluids, December 27, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130492.

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The influence of ratchets on inclined convection is explored within a rectangular cell (aspect ratio $\Gamma_{x}=1$ and $\Gamma_y=0.25$) by experiments and simulations. The measurements are conducted over a wide range of tilting angles ($0.056\leq\beta\leq \pi/2\,\si{\radian}$) at a constant Prandtl number ($\text{Pr}=4.3$) and Rayleigh number ($\text{Ra}=5.7\times10^9$). We found that the arrangement of ratchets on the conducting plate determines the dynamics of inclined convection, i.e., when the large-scale circulation (LSC) flows along the smaller slopes of the ratchets (case A), the chang
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18

Nguyen, Ba Phi, and Kihong Kim. "Transport and localization properties of excitations in one-dimensional lattices with diagonal disordered mosaic modulations." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, October 16, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ad03cd.

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Abstract We present a numerical study of the transport and localization properties of excitations in one-dimensional lattices with diagonal disordered mosaic modulations. The model is characterized by the modulation period $\kappa$ and the disorder strength $W$. We calculate the disorder averages $\langle T\rangle$, $\langle \ln T\rangle$, and $\langle P\rangle$, where $T$ is the transmittance and $P$ is the participation ratio, as a function of&amp;#xD;energy $E$ and system size $L$, for different values of $\kappa$ and $W$. For excitations at quasiresonance energies determined by $\kappa$, w
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