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Academic literature on the topic 'Ganglions mésentériques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ganglions mésentériques"
Bidjeh, K., Pierre Bornarel, M. Imadiné, and Renaud Lancelot. "Premier isolement au Tchad du virus de la PPR et reproduction expérimentale de la maladie." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 48, no. 4 (April 1, 1995): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9427.
Full textAljameel, M. A., M. B. Abdel Wahab, A. O. Fayza, A. E. El Tigani, and M. M. Abdellatif. "Occurrence of bovine tuberculosis at Nyala abattoirs in South Darfur State, Sudan." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10185.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ganglions mésentériques"
Brugère, Hubert. "Motricité du côlon et transit après ablation des ganglions prévertébraux mésentériques chez le chien." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT009A.
Full textGomez, Sophie Chatain. "Nécrose hémorragique des ganglions mésentériques dans la maladie coeliaque de l'adulte : à propos d'un cas d'évolution fatale." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11059.
Full textFortier, Yasmina. "Étude de la dynamique des lymphocytes TFH et B au niveau de la rate et des ganglions mésentériques et impact d'un traitement anti-apoptotique sur la dynamique de ces populations et de la réponse humorale chez le macaque rhésus infecté par le VIS." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCB034.
Full textHIV infection is characterized by a viral spread in the host body and a progressive destruction of CD4+ T cells, leading to a defect in the immune system. The memory T cells apoptosis and exhaustion induced by the virus leads the outcome of an AIDS. It was showed that germinal centers (GCs), specialized anatomical structures present in the B follicles of the secondary lymphoid organs, represent privileged viral reservoir. Among secondary lymphoid organs, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes would be viral sanctuaries because of their role in the generation of the immune response. Spleen is the main organ of the B cell response, and mesenteric lymph nodes are essentials in the establishment of the mucosal immune response. GCs are mainly composed by B cells but also by TFH cells, a sub-population of effector memory CD4+ T cells, crucial for the generation of the B cell response, especially for the maturation of the highly efficient antibodies. Previous works from our laboratory showed that the defect of the B cell response during HIV infection is due to a loss and a defect of the TFH cells. Recently, it was showed that GCs are also composed of follicular memory CD8+ T cells, expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR5. Recent works suggested that those cells are implicated in the control of HIV infection. Thus, the aim of my thesis was to study the dynamic of follicular T cells in these two organs, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes, and to set how well the administration of a pan-caspase inhibitor during acute phase of SIV infection help to restore effective functions as the antibody production. Those works were done in rhesus monkeys infected with the strain SIVmav251. My results show that the persistent infection of mesenteric lymph node is associated with a loss and a defect of B follicles and with a defect of TFH cells. They also show a defect in the expression of the CXCL13 chemokine, ligand of the CXCR5 receptor, potentially capable of creating a bad environment for B cell differentiation. My results show also that the administration of a pan-caspase inhibitor during the acute phase of infection leads to a decrease in the CD4+ T cells apoptosis as expected, a decrease in the inflammatory cytokines expression and in a better specific systemic B cell response in treated monkeys. These could help in the control of the viral replication. Finally, my results show that in the spleen, there's an increase of the follicular CD8+ T cells filtering the B follicles, which mainly doesn't express the CXCR5 receptor in infected monkeys, especially the progressor ones. They also show that there's an increase in the expression of the MIP1b chemokine, possibly responsible of the recruitment of conventional CD8+ T cells in the infected monkeys, and an increase in the expression of cytotoxic markers in the non-progressors monkeys compared to the progressors ones. Thus, these work seems to show that follicular CD8+ T cells of progressor monkeys fail to control SIV infection. Thus, SIV infection induce an altered B cell response, associated to a defect of B follicles, a defect of TFH cells, and an increase in follicular CD8+ T cells potentially inefficient. Altogether, my works focused on the study of follicular T cells show and confirm the strength the importance of these T cells in the host-pathogen relationship
Bresler, Priscillia. "Étude de la régulation des cellules lymphoïdes innées par les lymphocytes T chez la souris." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB078.
Full textMany articles in the literature report that the composition, the frequency and the activity of ILCs are strongly affected when the adaptive immune system is deficient in mice. However, the mechanisms by which adaptive immunity regulates the homeostasis of ILCs remain largely unknown. The objective of my thesis was to address the role played by T cells in this regulation within lymphoid tissues such as peripheral and mesenteric lymph nodes and in the small intestine. I also characterised some of the regulatory mechanisms involved in this dialogue between ILCs and T cells and determined their tissue specificity. During my thesis, I confirmed that the regulation of gut resident ILC3 by CD4+ T cells is based on their ability to participate in the containment and diversification of bacterial communities colonizing the gut. In addition, I have also highlighted the role of CD4+ T cells in the regulation of the frequency and activity of type 2 ILCs in the mesenteric lymph nodes. The latter does not rely on the activation of CD4+ T cells by the gut microbiota. Indeed, I showed that the expression of the gene encoding IL-33 is increased in the mesenteric lymph nodes of T cell deficient mice and that the short-term neutralization of IL-33 signalling in vivo significantly reduces the frequency of type 2 ILCs in the mLNs of these mice. In collaboration with Lucie Peduto's team, we showed that T lymphocytes indirectly regulate the expression of IL-33 by mesenteric lymph nodes stromal cells. However, the mechanisms underlying these interactions remain to be elucidated. Finally, the role of other T-cell dependent environmental factors remains to be characterised. Indeed, our preliminary results indicate that T-B cooperation may be instrumental in the regulation of mesenteric lymph nodes resident ILC2 while it is redundant in the regulation of gut resident type 3 ILCs by CD4+ T cells
Levast, Benoît. "Influence du lait maternel sur l'ontogenese de la réponse immunitaire de l'intestin du porcelet." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR4012/document.
Full textThe neonate piglet has an immature immune system, consequently it receives from its mother asystemic and local mucosal protect via the colostrum and milk respectively. The mother is not contribute onlyby passive immunity but also by transmission of microflora and presumably other humoral substancesfavouring the onset of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) immune response.As IgA response increased in conventional breeding, i.e at 3 weeks of age, we ask the question of theinfluence of suckling onto the IgA development in neonatal gut. For that purpose we defined 3 groups ofpiglets weaned at 1, 2 and 3 weeks and 1 group no weaned. We looked IgA products in blood and intestinalmicroflora at days 7, 14, 21, 28 and the IgA heavy VDJ repertoire development at the same age, day 28.The results show that very short suckling (1 week only) led to lower seric IgA (specific and total)concentration and higher flora diversity, at day 21 and consequently larger IgA diversity in the mesentericlymph node (MLN)
Balayadi, Mina. "Mécanismes de la transmission synaptique au niveau des neurones du ganglion mésentérique inférieur du chat : étude électrophysiologique, pharmacologique et immunohistochimique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30030.
Full textGautier-Éthier, Patrick. "Rôle de CD47 dans l’induction de la tolérance in vivo." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3603.
Full textOral tolerance allows the modulation of the immune response against exogenous antigens present in the intestinal lumen. Essential to establish a symbiotic relationship between the immune system and intestinal flora, the induction and maintenance of oral tolerance rests on different immunological mechanisms. Among them, induction of regulatory T cells by dendritic cells and apoptotic mechanisms. However, the membrane glycoprotein CD47 is involved in the periphery of these mechanisms. However, the role of CD47 in oral tolerance is unknown. With a mouse model deficient in CD47, we showed mainly that the absence of CD47 is associated with a decrease of 50% in the proportion of myeloid dendritic cells CD11b+ CD103- found in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Following the adoptive transfer of antigen specific T cells in our experimental models, we also observed a decrease of 45% of their level of activation in mesenteric lymph nodes. Despite the observed effects, CD47 is not involved in the induction of oral tolerance response secondary to intragastric administration of high doses of ovalbumin. However, we have shown that CD47 is involved in the migration of dendritic cells of the skin and some sub-populations found in mesenteric lymph nodes.
Chapuy, Laurence. "Identification et caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle des cellules tissulaires de l’immunité innée chez les patients atteints de maladies inflammatoires intestinales." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23528.
Full textCrohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), two common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represent a major public health problem because of their prevalence, chronicity and lack of available curative treatment. The pathophysiology of these diseases involves predisposing genetic factors, environmental triggers, and a dysfunctional immune response. Innate immune cells, including mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) and granulocytes, are important players in the initiation and maintenance of intestinal inflammation due to their position at the interface between the external environment, epithelium and adaptive immune cells. Although widely studied in mice, their investigation in humans remains fragmentary, often with contradictory findings reported in the colon, and they are rarely studied in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). MNPs from the colon and MLNs of patients with CD and UC were characterized by multi-color flow cytometry, mass cytometry (CyTOF) and RNA sequencing (bulk and single cell). The function of MNPs and basophils on autologous memory CD4+ T cell responses was also assessed. The results presented here highlight similarities and differences in the distribution of MNPs between CD and UC, and the profile of memory CD4+ T cell response in colon and MLNs. HLADR+SIRPα+CD14+CD64+CD163- MNPs, defined as inflammatory monocytes, but not HLADR+SIRPα+CD14+CD64+CD163+ macrophages, accumulated in the inflammatory mucosa of CD and UC patients, and promoted Th17 and Th17/Th1 memory responses in an IL-1β dependent manner. The frequency of this subpopulation correlated with endoscopic severity in CD. In contrast, the distribution of these two MNP populations in the MLNs differs between CD and UC. HLADR+SIRPα+CD14+CD64+ MNPs were enriched in CD163+ cells that predominantly included HLA-DRdim monocytes-like cells over HLA-DRhi macrophages in UC patients only. Among HLADR+SIRPα+CD14-CD64- dendritic cells (DCs), plasmocytoid DCs predominated in both UC and CD, with higher frequency in CD versus UC. IL-1β in CD and IL-12 in UC favor a pathogenic CD4+ T cell profile (IFN-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-6 expression/production) in the colonic mucosa. It was also demonstrated that IL-12 and inflammatory tissue monocytes induced IL-8 production by memory CD4+ T cells in intestinal mucosa and MLNs of UC but not CD. In this study, it was also observed that basophils and not mast cells accumulated, in the colonic mucosa and MLNs of CD and UC patients, and favored Th17 and Th17/Th1, but not Th1, responses in CCR7+ memory CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, characterization of MNPs in the intestinal mucosa and MLNs of IBD patients contributes to a better understanding of IBD pathophysiology and opens avenues to optimize patient stratification, and thus, personalized treatment of IBD patients.