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Krbálek, Milan, Tomáš Hobza, Miroslav Patočka, Michaela Krbálková, Jiří Apeltauer, and Nikola Groverová. "Statistical aspects of gap-acceptance theory for unsignalized intersection capacity." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 594 (May 2022): 127043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2022.127043.
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Guo, Ruijun, Leilei Liu, and Wanxiang Wang. "Review of Roundabout Capacity Based on Gap Acceptance." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (February 4, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4971479.
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Circulating vehicles have priority at modern roundabouts. Entrance vehicles can enter the roundabout when there is a time gap larger than the critical gap; otherwise, the vehicles need to wait until there is a large enough gap. The gap acceptance theory was used to analyze the entrance capacity of roundabouts, which can be derived by queuing theory involving two vehicle streams. The paper introduces the main styles of headway distribution, which are named as bunched exponential distribution or M3 distribution. The calculation model of free stream ratio is also introduced. The entrance capacity models can be classified by different entrance vehicle types, which are piecewise function or linear function, or by different critical gap types, which are constant or stochastic function. For each form, the typical capacity expressions are given. The calculation values show a very small difference between these kinds of models. The capacity value based on the critical gap of stochastic function is more realistic and more complex in function style. Some conclusions were derived that drivers’ nonhomogeneous and inconsistent character is more realistic than the fixed critical gap and following gap. The calculation results of capacity are similar to the field capacity under the assumption of homogeneity and continuance, with only a minor percent deviation. Finally, the paper points out additional problems and the suggested research in capacity of roundabouts.
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Yang, Chulsu, Stephen P. Mattingly, James C. Williams, and Hyunwoong Kim. "Development of Managed-Lane Access Guidelines Based on Gap Acceptance Theory." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2257, no. 1 (January 2011): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2257-11.
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Fortuijn, Lambertus G. H., and Serge P. Hoogendoorn. "Capacity Estimation on Turboroundabouts with Gap Acceptance and Flow Level Methods." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2517, no. 1 (January 2015): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2517-08.
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In the literature, linear models and exponential models based on gap acceptance theory are distinguished. Parameters for the linear models can be estimated only at the level of traffic flow, whereas the gap acceptance theory assumes that behavioral parameters (critical gap, follow-on time, and minimum headway) can be estimated at the vehicle level, and then capacity can be determined. However, in the latter method, measurements must also be made under saturated conditions because of so-called pseudoconflict (caused by vehicles leaving the roundabout in the opposite leg direction). An analysis of data sources (vehicle level and traffic flow level) indicates that the parameters estimated at the vehicle level correspond with those estimated at the level of traffic flow for single-lane roundabouts, but not for more complex situations. Despite this deficiency, better results can be gained with a model based on the present gap acceptance theory than with a linear model, provided that the parameters are adjusted to consider traffic flow measurements under saturated conditions. Additional research will be necessary to determine which underlying assumptions of the gap acceptance models cause these deficiencies. In Germany, capacity is higher in turboroundabouts than in compact two-lane roundabouts because of better use of the inner lane in the turboroundabout.
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Pan, Bing Hong, and Ling Chen Kong. "Research on Calculation Model of Minimum Net Distance between Interchanges on Eight-Lane Expressway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.121.
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According to traffic operation characteristics and lane changing maneuvers, combining with the export notice signs and considering the worst driving conditions, the gap acceptance theory and kinematics are employed to establish the length of lane change operation between interchanges with probability theory. To operating speed as the premise, the necessary length that drivers change to the inside lane from the nearside lane is analyzed in terms of waiting for the gap acceptance, and the necessary length that drivers change to the nearside lane from the inside lane is also analyzed in terms of running for the gap acceptance, then calculation model of minimum net distance between interchanges on eight-lane expressway is constructed. The recommended value is then put forward.
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Qu, Zhaowei, Yuzhou Duan, Xianmin Song, Hongyu Hu, Huanfeng Liu, and Kehan Guan. "Capacity Prediction Model Based on Limited Priority Gap-Acceptance Theory at Multilane Roundabouts." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/490280.
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Capacity is an important design parameter for roundabouts, and it is the premise of computing their delay and queue. Roundabout capacity has been studied for decades, and empirical regression model and gap-acceptance model are the two main methods to predict it. Based on gap-acceptance theory, by considering the effect of limited priority, especially the relationship between limited priority factor and critical gap, a modified model was built to predict the roundabout capacity. We then compare the results between Raff’s method and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method, and the MLE method was used to predict the critical gaps. Finally, the predicted capacities from different models were compared, with the observed capacity by field surveys, which verifies the performance of the proposed model.
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Abuhassna, Hassan, and Samer Alnawajha. "The Transactional Distance Theory and Distance Learning Contexts: Theory Integration, Research Gaps, and Future Agenda." Education Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 20, 2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13020112.
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Moore established transactional distance theory (TDT) to grasp transactional distance in the context of distance learning. Research using TDT in distance, open, and online learning environments has been undertaken. However, there are information gaps about what constitutes progress, future directions, and research deficits pertaining to TDT in the context of distance education. This systematic literature review (SLR) used PRISMA to analyze 42 papers to close the knowledge gap. Currently, TDT research in distance learning integrates various theories and models; nevertheless, there is a movement toward acceptance models and how to incorporate more relevant theories within the framework of distance learning. Future studies should integrate other aspects such as student motivation, student acceptance of technology, and student preparedness and desire to utilize technology in learning environments. As most research samples students, a research gap involving instructors and heterogeneous groups is proposed. It is projected that quantitative research will predominate in the future, leaving qualitative and mixed approaches as areas of investigation. This review illuminates the developments, future agenda, and research needs pertaining to TDT in the context of distance learning. It might serve as a foundation for future study on TDT in the context of distance, open, and online education.
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Al-Husamiyah, Amer, and Mahmood Al-Bashayreh. "A comprehensive acceptance model for smart home services." International Journal of Data and Network Science 6, no. 1 (2022): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2021.10.005.
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Smart home services (SHSs) afford users an effective lifestyle management system, which provides human-oriented networking of smart devices and applications that enable users to control their homes from anywhere at any time. Despite the benefits of SHSs, however, their acceptance is very low. There remains a gap in the literature in terms of a comprehensive model that addresses users’ intention to use SHSs. To address this gap, the present study explored the factors that influence SHS acceptance among users based on well-established theoretical frameworks, such as the technology acceptance model, innovation diffusion theory, and the theory of planned behavior. To this end, the study integrated four additional factors, namely, perceived convenience, perceived connectedness, perceived cost, and perceived privacy risk, into the exploration and carried out structural equation modeling to quantitatively determine the effects of these factors. Questionnaires were administered to 750 users. The findings indicated that perceived compatibility, perceived convenience, perceived connectedness, perceived cost, perceived behavioral control with perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use directly and indirectly exerted a significant influence on users’ intention to use SHSs.
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Wolf, Yuval, Daniel Algom, and Isaac Lewin. "A Signal Detection Theory Analysis of a Driving Decision Task: Spatial Gap Acceptance." Perceptual and Motor Skills 66, no. 3 (June 1988): 683–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.3.683.
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Applications of signal detection theory (SDT) in the study of road-users behavior were tested in both real and laboratory settings. The field study used a gap-acceptance task with 3 levels of experimentally produced frustration. The laboratory simulation used a parking task, again with 3 levels of frustration. In addition, a multidimensional analysis of driver's subjective road experience and behavior aided in the interpretation of one of the experimental measures. Successful applications of SDT techniques to the analysis of several traffic problems are demonstrated, and future applications are suggested.
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Rouibah, Kamel, and Hasan A. Abbas. "Effect of Personal Innovativeness, Attachment Motivation and Social Norms on the Acceptance of Camera Mobile Phones." International Journal of Handheld Computing Research 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2010100103.
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This study develops a model to assess the consumer acceptance of Camera Mobile Phone (CMP) technology for social interaction. While there has been considerable research on technology adoption in the workplace, far fewer studies have been done to understand the motives of technology acceptance for social use. To fill in this gap, the authors develop a model that is based on the theory of the technology acceptance model, the theory of reasoned action, the attachment motivation theory, innovation diffusion theory, and the theory of flow. The first research methods used was a qualitative field study that identified the variables that most drive CMP acceptance and build the research model using a sample of 83 consumers. The second method was a quantitative field study, which collected from a sample of 240 consumers in Kuwait in order to test the model. Results reveal the “social use” and “use before shopping” uses, explaining 32.3% and 30% of the variance, respectively. Most importantly, the study reveals that personal innovativeness, attachment motivation, and social norms have an important effect on CMP acceptance.
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Yang, Yongqing, Yong Liu, Hongxiu Li, and Benhai Yu. "Understanding perceived risks in mobile payment acceptance." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2014-0243.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine and quantify how various uncertainties result in different perceived risk dimensions that hinder mobile payment (m-payment) acceptance. Design/methodology/approach – An uncertainty-risk-value framework was proposed based on perceived risk theory, prospect theory, and perceived value theory. Structural equation modeling method was used to test the research model. Findings – Perceived information asymmetry, perceived technology uncertainty, perceived regulatory uncertainty, and perceived service intangibility are confirmed as the main determinants of perceived risk, while perceived performance risk, perceived financial risk, and perceived privacy risk were found to have strong negative effects on perceived value and acceptance intention. Practical implications – The findings may help businesses and policy makers better understand the sources of perceived risk and help support the development of appropriate strategies to mitigate the risk concerns consumers have regarding m-payment. Originality/value – Although the hindering effects of perceived risk regarding m-payment acceptance have been confirmed in previous studies, the sources of perceived risk were rarely investigated. By examining the determinants of perceived risk in m-payment acceptance, this paper offers insights into how consumers perceive risks when adopting new innovations. Additionally, it bridges the gap between the antecedents and consequences of perceived risk.
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Alyoubi, Bader Abdulrahman, and Mohammad Ali Yamin. "Extending the Role of Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI) in Achieving the Strategic Goal of the Firm With the Moderating Effect of Cost Leadership." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 10, no. 4 (October 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.20211001.oa15.
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The information system literature has long emphasized the importance of employee acceptance of information technology for achieving strategic goal of the firm and organizational performance. Consequently, this study investigates the determinants of acceptance of information technology with the extension of diffusion of innovation theory (DOI) in organizational context. Results showed that compatibility, innovativeness, trust in technology, perceived gap in IT capabilities, employee self-efficacy, and perceived cost advantage explained R^2 79.4%% variance in achieving strategic goal of the firm. The effect size analysis showed that perceived gap in IT capabilities had substantial effect size. Similarly, substantial predictive relevance was found Q^2 58.1%, 15.7% when predicting firm strategic goals and organizational performance respectively.
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Rouibah, K., and H. Abbas. "Effect of Personal Innovativeness, Attachment Motivation and Social Norms on the Acceptance of Camera Mobile Phones." International Journal of Handheld Computing Research 2, no. 1 (January 2011): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011010105.
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This study develops a model to assess the consumer acceptance of Camera Mobile Phone (CMP) technology for social interaction. While there has been considerable research on technology adoption in the workplace, far fewer studies have been done to understand the motives of technology acceptance for social use. To fill in this gap, this study develops a model that is based on the following theories: the technology acceptance model, the theory of reasoned action, the attachment motivation theory, innovation diffusion theory, and the theory of flow. The first research method used was a qualitative field study that identified variables that most drive CMP acceptance and build the research model using a sample of 83 consumers. The second method was a quantitative field study. Data was collected from a sample of 240 consumers in Kuwait and used to test the proposed model. The results reveal two types of use: “social use” and “use before shopping”, explaining 32.3% and 30% of the variance respectively. Most importantly, the study reveals that personal innovativeness, attachment motivation and social norms have an important effect on CMP acceptance. The implications of this study are highly important for both researchers and practitioners.
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Sun, Jian, Kang Zuo, Shun Jiang, and Zuduo Zheng. "Modeling and Predicting Stochastic Merging Behaviors at Freeway On-Ramp Bottlenecks." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9308580.
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Merging behavior is inevitable at on-ramp bottlenecks and is a significant factor in triggering traffic breakdown. In modeling merging behaviors, the gap acceptance theory is generally used. Gap acceptance theory holds that when a gap is larger than the critical gap, the vehicle will merge into the mainline. In this study, however, analyses not only focus on the accepted gaps, but also take the rejected gaps into account, and the impact on merging behavior with multi-rejected (more than once rejecting behavior) gaps was investigated; it shows that the multi-rejected gaps have a great influence on the estimation of critical gap and merging prediction. Two empirical trajectory data sets were collected and analyzed: one at Yan’an Expressway in Shanghai, China, and the other at Highway 101 in Los Angeles, USA. The study made three main contributions. First, it gives the quantitative measurement of the rejected gap which is also a detailed description of non-merging event and investigated the characteristics of the multi-rejected gaps; second, taking the multi-rejected gaps into consideration, it further expanded the concept of the “critical gap” which can be a statistic one and the distribution function of merging probability with respect to such gaps was analyzed by means of survival analysis. This way could make the full use of multi-rejected gaps and accepted gaps and reduce the sample bias, thus estimating the critical gap accurately; finally, considering multi-rejected gaps, it created logistic regression models to predict merging behavior. These models were tested using field data, and satisfactory performances were obtained.
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Tognisse, Ida Sèmévo, and Jules Degila. "Rural Technology Adoption and Use Model in Rural Africa." International Journal of E-Adoption 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijea.2021010103.
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Mobile telephony networks have seen a high rate of adoption worldwide in recent years. However, these networks do not exist everywhere, and even where they are, their adoption is lagging. Especially in uncovered rural areas, it is difficult to predict the technology's acceptance and adoption factors. This study deals with the usage gap of mobile telephone networks and attempts in a methodological approach based on structural equation modeling to prevent the telephone usage gap in rural Africa yet to be covered. To that purpose, the authors use a research model based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). By combining these two models and incorporating the moderating effects of demographic variables such as age, gender, education, and experience of technology use, this paper has retained a model with the ability to determine how rural residents will accept and use future networks.
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Shen, Jinxing, Wenquan Li, Feng Qiu, and Shukang Zheng. "Capacity of Freeway Merge Areas with Different On-Ramp Traffic Flow." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 27, no. 3 (June 28, 2015): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v27i3.1566.
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This paper is aimed at investigating the influence of different types of traffic flows on the capacity of freeway merge areas. Based on the classical gap-acceptance model, two calculating models were established specifically considering randomly arriving vehicles and individual difference in driving behaviours. Monte-Carlo simulation was implemented to reproduce the maximum traffic volume on the designed freeway merge area under different situations. The results demonstrated that the proposed calculating models have better performance than the conventional gap-acceptance theory on accurately predicting the capacity of freeway merge areas. The findings of research could be helpful to improve the microscopic traffic flow simulation model from a more practical perspective and support the designing of freeway merge areas as well.
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Dubois, D., H. Fargier, and H. Prade. "Ordinal and Probabilistic Representations of Acceptance." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 22 (July 1, 2004): 23–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1265.
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An accepted belief is a proposition considered likely enough by an agent, to be inferred from as if it were true. This paper bridges the gap between probabilistic and logical representations of accepted beliefs. To this end, natural properties of relations on propositions, describing relative strength of belief are augmented with some conditions ensuring that accepted beliefs form a deductively closed set. This requirement turns out to be very restrictive. In particular, it is shown that the sets of accepted belief of an agent can always be derived from a family of possibility rankings of states. An agent accepts a proposition in a given context if this proposition is considered more possible than its negation in this context, for all possibility rankings in the family. These results are closely connected to the non-monotonic 'preferential' inference system of Kraus, Lehmann and Magidor and the so-called plausibility functions of Friedman and Halpern. The extent to which probability theory is compatible with acceptance relations is laid bare. A solution to the lottery paradox, which is considered as a major impediment to the use of non-monotonic inference is proposed using a special kind of probabilities (called lexicographic, or big-stepped). The setting of acceptance relations also proposes another way of approaching the theory of belief change after the works of Gärdenfors and colleagues. Our view considers the acceptance relation as a primitive object from which belief sets are derived in various contexts.
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Marczak, Florian, Winnie Daamen, and Christine Buisson. "Key Variables of Merging Behaviour: Empirical Comparison between Two Sites and Assessment of Gap Acceptance Theory." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 80 (June 2013): 678–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.036.
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Camacho, Jhon, Manuela Zanoletti-Mannello, Zach Landis-Lewis, Sandra L. Kane-Gill, and Richard D. Boyce. "A Conceptual Framework to Study the Implementation of Clinical Decision Support Systems (BEAR): Literature Review and Concept Mapping." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): e18388. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18388.
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Background The implementation of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) as an intervention to foster clinical practice change is affected by many factors. Key factors include those associated with behavioral change and those associated with technology acceptance. However, the literature regarding these subjects is fragmented and originates from two traditionally separate disciplines: implementation science and technology acceptance. Objective Our objective is to propose an integrated framework that bridges the gap between the behavioral change and technology acceptance aspects of the implementation of CDSSs. Methods We employed an iterative process to map constructs from four contributing frameworks—the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF); the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR); the Human, Organization, and Technology-fit framework (HOT-fit); and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)—and the findings of 10 literature reviews, identified through a systematic review of reviews approach. Results The resulting framework comprises 22 domains: agreement with the decision algorithm; attitudes; behavioral regulation; beliefs about capabilities; beliefs about consequences; contingencies; demographic characteristics; effort expectancy; emotions; environmental context and resources; goals; intentions; intervention characteristics; knowledge; memory, attention, and decision processes; patient–health professional relationship; patient’s preferences; performance expectancy; role and identity; skills, ability, and competence; social influences; and system quality. We demonstrate the use of the framework providing examples from two research projects. Conclusions We proposed BEAR (BEhavior and Acceptance fRamework), an integrated framework that bridges the gap between behavioral change and technology acceptance, thereby widening the view established by current models.
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Chen, Xumei, Xiaomi Han, Xianchao Jia, Lei Yu, and Tao Wan. "Capacity Modeling of Weaving Areas on Urban Expressways with Exclusive Bus Lanes Based on Gap Acceptance Theory." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119843235.
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Intense lane-changing maneuvers at weaving sections often cause traffic turbulence on expressways, especially in the presence of a concurrent medium exclusive bus lane (XBL) and general purpose lanes. Such intense lane-changing activity usually affects the operation and reduces the capacity of weaving sections in relation to their equivalent basic expressway segments. In this context, a study on the capacity model of weaving areas on an expressway with a median XBL is conducted based on the analysis of lane-change behaviors using gap acceptance theory. Two weaving sections on expressways with median XBL are selected as case studies to obtain the estimated capacity as well as the maximum traffic throughput under a certain bus saturation on the XBL. The results show that estimated capacity is larger than maximum traffic throughput because of low utilization rate of buses on the XBL, and capacity is significantly affected by weaving demand. Error measures based on the estimated and observed maximum traffic throughput are analyzed to verify the validity of the proposed model. A sensitivity analysis shows that, compared with the increase of on-ramp bus flow ratio, the increase of off-ramp bus flow ratio results in a more obvious trend of the reduction of capacity and maximum traffic throughput.
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Goltz, Sonia, and Patty Sotirin. "Considering the corporeal to facilitate research to practice transitions." Journal of Organizational Change Management 35, no. 1 (October 5, 2021): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-02-2021-0033.
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PurposeThe authors suggest that the research-to-practice gap, such as that found in evidence-based management, is due in part to a lack of attention to embodied knowledge. The recommendation is for change agents to bring attention to embodied knowing when implementing change based on research. The purpose of the paper is to address the research-to-practice gap.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that considers limitations of the predominant approach to considering the research-to-practice gap. The literature on phenomenology, feminist theory, and learning theory form the basis for exploring these challenges as well as possible solutions for transcending the research-to-practice gap.FindingsStrategic opportunities for introducing increased corporeal understanding are advanced. The suggestions address the research-to-practice gap at three critical stages of research-based change initiatives. These include making embodied knowledge integral to change initiatives in framing research, reducing resistance, and increasing acceptance. Among the specific strategies discussed are attending to tacit knowledge when considering the change, embracing the embrained body including attending to kinesthetic resistance and starting with the body to increase acceptance when implementing change.Originality/valueThere has been very little previous attention to the corporeal in management research and practice, including in the organizational change literature. This paper not only increases this discussion significantly but also provides suggestions for how to move forward in practice.
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Goltz, Sonia, and Patty Sotirin. "Considering the corporeal to facilitate research to practice transitions." Journal of Organizational Change Management 35, no. 1 (October 5, 2021): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-02-2021-0033.
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PurposeThe authors suggest that the research-to-practice gap, such as that found in evidence-based management, is due in part to a lack of attention to embodied knowledge. The recommendation is for change agents to bring attention to embodied knowing when implementing change based on research. The purpose of the paper is to address the research-to-practice gap.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that considers limitations of the predominant approach to considering the research-to-practice gap. The literature on phenomenology, feminist theory, and learning theory form the basis for exploring these challenges as well as possible solutions for transcending the research-to-practice gap.FindingsStrategic opportunities for introducing increased corporeal understanding are advanced. The suggestions address the research-to-practice gap at three critical stages of research-based change initiatives. These include making embodied knowledge integral to change initiatives in framing research, reducing resistance, and increasing acceptance. Among the specific strategies discussed are attending to tacit knowledge when considering the change, embracing the embrained body including attending to kinesthetic resistance and starting with the body to increase acceptance when implementing change.Originality/valueThere has been very little previous attention to the corporeal in management research and practice, including in the organizational change literature. This paper not only increases this discussion significantly but also provides suggestions for how to move forward in practice.
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Guo, Rui-jun, Xiao-jing Wang, and Wan-xiang Wang. "Estimation of Critical Gap Based on Raff’s Definition." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/236072.
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Critical gap is an important parameter used to calculate the capacity and delay of minor road in gap acceptance theory of unsignalized intersections. At an unsignalized intersection with two one-way traffic flows, it is assumed that two events are independent between vehicles’ arrival of major stream and vehicles’ arrival of minor stream. The headways of major stream follow M3 distribution. Based on Raff’s definition of critical gap, two calculation models are derived, which are named M3 definition model and revised Raff’s model. Both models use total rejected coefficient. Different calculation models are compared by simulation and new models are found to be valid. The conclusion reveals that M3 definition model is simple and valid. Revised Raff’s model strictly obeys the definition of Raff’s critical gap and its application field is more extensive than Raff’s model. It can get a more accurate result than the former Raff’s model. The M3 definition model and revised Raff’s model can derive accordant result.
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Ahmad, Mohd Hanafiah, and Mohd Rashid Ab Hamid. "A Theoretical Support for Cultural Influence on Implementation and Acceptance of Assessment Centres for Malaysia Public Sector." Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ) 1, no. 2 (September 29, 2019): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v1i2.13.
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This paper aims to provide a theoretical support on how culture influence the implementation and acceptance of assessment centres (ACs) in Malaysia. This paper aims to contribute to this research gap by exploring the implementation and acceptance of ACs in Malaysia, as an example of an Eastern, and developing, country. In this context, to analyse how culture influence the design and implementation of ACs, the model of cultural fit is reviewed to explain how culture influences human resource practices and ACs practice. Findings from the literature review show that model of cultural fit can be used to explain how physical and socio-political may influence internal and organisational work culture and, therefore, human resource practices. On the other hand, to understand the influence of culture on acceptance of ACs, organisational justice theory and employee engagement theory are reviewed and used to explain how candidates react to selection process. Findings from literatures search shows that culture may have influence on how ACs participant perceived fairness of the process by which outcomes are reached, or decisions are made
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Rosli, Mohd Shafie, Nor Shela Saleh, Azlah Md. Ali, and Suaibah Abu Bakar. "Self-Determination Theory and Online Learning in University: Advancements, Future Direction and Research Gaps." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 14655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114655.
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Self-Determination Theory (SDT) has been studied to comprehend human motivation, particularly in education. Numerous studies have been conducted at universities regarding online learning as a technology to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. On the basis of these expansions, however, there is a knowledge gap regarding what constitutes advancement, future direction, and research gaps regarding SDT in university online learning. This new systematic literature review analyzed 49 articles using PRISMA to bridge the knowledge gap. Currently, SDT research in online learning at university does not extensively integrate other theories and models, but there is a trend toward acceptance models and cognitive theories. Future research should incorporate additional SDT factors such as intrinsic motivation, external regulation, identified regulation, and amotivation in addition to autonomy, competence, and relatedness. As most research samples students, a research gap involving lecturers and mixed groups is suggested. The future is anticipated to be dominated by quantitative research, leaving qualitative and mixed methods as points of exploration. This review sheds light on the advancements, future direction, and research gaps regarding SDT in university-level online learning. It could serve as a basis for future research in SDT within the context of online education.
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Khan, Ikram Ullah, Zahid Hameed, and Safeer Ullah Khan. "Understanding Online Banking Adoption in a Developing Country." Journal of Global Information Management 25, no. 1 (January 2017): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2017010103.
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The massive growth in digital devices and communication has spotlighted the wisdom of doing financial transactions through online banking. In developing Asian economies, online banking technology can strengthen financial systems by developing a solid connection between financial institutions and the local populace. Technology acceptance studies are under-researched in this region, especially with innovative models. Filling the gap, this paper uses a comprehensive model of extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), moderated by cultural variables. This will provide new insights into the determinants of technology acceptance by considering cultural effects on individual customers. The authors analyzed the model through structural equation modeling. The results validated performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, habit, perceived security, and price value as important antecedents of behavioral intentions. The cultural dimensions, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance were found to be significant moderators in explaining behavioral intention and usage behavior for online banking.
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Kułak, Jacek Piotr, Mariusz Trojanowski, and Edyta Barmentloo. "A Literature Review of the Partial Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) Model." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia 53, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/h.2019.53.4.101-113.
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<p><strong>Theoretical background:</strong> Today, people use more systems and devices than ever, no matter the context. These behaviors are most often explained using technology acceptance models, including the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2), which is a new and prominent technology acceptance theory.</p><p><strong>Purpose of the article:</strong> The aim of this article is to identify any interpretable trends and draw overall conclusions about the existing UTAUT2 literature, which helps to fill the gap which is lack of such review for UTAUT2 model.</p><p><strong>Research methods:</strong> Descriptive review analysis of 23 articles based on the partial UTAUT2 model.</p><p><strong>Main findings:</strong> The UTAUT2 is an efficient theory – the average explained variance of behavioral intention was 62% and for use behavior – 37%. It is highly recommended to use the performance expectancy variable in all research contexts based on the UTAUT2 model. Utilitarian aspects turned out to be more important than hedonic ones for most technology adopters. Commercial organisations should focus on delivering reliable and useful products and underline these features in marketing communication.</p>
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Kocianova, Andrea, and Eva Pitlova. "Critical Gaps at Unsignalized Intersections with Bending Right-of-Way." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 20, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2018.4.69-75.
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The capacity calculation procedure for unsignalized intersections is based on the gap-acceptance theory in most of existing capacity regulations and it relies on one of the important parameters - critical gap. However, the capacity calculation procedure and values of critical gaps according to these regulations are valid only for intersections with standard right-of-way (major street leading straight). Nevertheless, in Slovakia, intersections with bending right-of-way (major street not leading straight, but bending) can be encountered. The specific mode of right-of-way results in different priority ranks of traffic movements (set by traffic rules of driving), more complicated traffic situation and therefore, different driver behaviour characteristics. To examine the gap acceptance behaviour of drivers under these specific conditions, an unsignalized four-leg intersection with bending right-of-way located in an urban area of Zilina, Slovakia, was selected. Three different methods (Raff, Wu, and MLM Troutbeck) were used for critical gap estimation from the field data. In the article, results of critical gaps for three through movements of different priority rank (major-street through movement of Rank 2 and minor-street through movements of Rank 3 and 4) are presented. The results show, that the values of critical gaps differ depending on the method by about 3-5 % only, which is not significant. Troutbeck ´s MLM method gives the highest values. The priority rank of movement has the greatest impact on the result. The values of critical gap for major-street through movement of Rank 2 are the smallest; they are approximately 1.3-2.1 s smaller than the values for minor-street through movements of Rank 3 or 4. The highest values of critical gap have been estimated for minor-street through movement of Rank 4 and they are higher compared to the current Slovak regulations TP 102 values for the same priority rank.
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Csótó, Mihály. "E-GOVERNMENT SERVICE ADOPTION THROUGH THE LENS OF THE KNOWLEDGE GAP." Pro Publico Bono - Magyar Közigazgatás 9, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32575/ppb.2021.1.11.
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The aim of the paper is to raise some issues in relation to the technology adoption-based e-government acceptance models and that the knowledge gap theory can be applied to the use of online public administration services: higher status equals not only wider and more sophisticated usage of ICT tools, but also more knowledge about public administration procedures themselves, which can result in various channel-preferences and routines among the users of different public services. Using data from the multivariable Good State Public Administration Opinion Survey, the paper shows that the knowledge gap clearly exists in terms of public administration-related knowledge. Based on this finding, the paper recommends that the currently marginally used ‘necessary knowledge about public administration procedures’ factor should be more widely incorporated in e- government adoption models, as it can have a significant effect on adoption, or alter the effect of other constructs in these models.
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McCarthy, Stephen, Wendy Rowan, Nina Kahma, Laura Lynch, and Titiana Petra Ertiö. "Open e-learning platforms and the design–reality gap: an affordance theory perspective." Information Technology & People 35, no. 8 (December 22, 2021): 74–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-06-2021-0501.
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PurposeThe dropout rates of open e-learning platforms are often cited as high as 97%, with many users discontinuing their use after initial acceptance. This study aims to explore this anomaly through the lens of affordances theory, revealing design–reality gaps between users' diverse goals and the possibilities for action provided by an open IT artefact.Design/methodology/approachA six-month case study was undertaken to investigate the design implications of user-perceived affordances in an EU sustainability project which developed an open e-learning platform for citizens to improve their household energy efficiency. Thematic analysis was used to reveal the challenges of user continuance behaviour based on how an open IT artefact supports users in achieving individual goals (e.g. reducing energy consumption in the home) and collective goals (lessening the carbon footprint of society).FindingsBased on the findings, the authors inductively reveal seven affordances related to open e-learning platforms: informing, assessment, synthesis, emphasis, clarity, learning pathway and goal-planning. The findings centre on users' perception of these affordances, and the extent to which the open IT artefact catered to the goals and constraints of diverse user groups. Open IT platform development is further discussed from an iterative and collaborative perspective in order to explore different possibilities for action.Originality/valueThe study contributes towards research on open IT artefact design by presenting key learnings on how the designers of e-learning platforms can bridge design–reality gaps through exploring affordance personalisation for diverse user groups. This can inform the design of open IT artefacts to help ensure that system features match the expectations and contextual constraints of users through clear action-oriented possibilities.
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Li, Wenquan, Wei Wang, and Dazhi Jiang. "Capacity of Unsignalized Intersections with Mixed Vehicle Flows." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1852, no. 1 (January 2003): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1852-32.
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On the basis of gap-acceptance theory, mixed traffic flow composed of two representative vehicle types—heavy and light vehicles—is analyzed with probability theory. A capacity model is set up for an unsignalized intersection in which the minor-stream mixed traffic flows cross m major lanes and the traffic flow headways fit the M3 distribution; it is an extension of minor-lane capacity theory for one vehicle type and one major-stream traffic flow. A more complicated case with minor-stream flow composed of discretionary vehicle types is also considered, and the corresponding formula is given. After field testing in China, the conclusion is drawn that this model is better for analyzing Chinese traffic conditions than are other existing models.
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Gu, Dongxiao, Salman Khan, Ikram Ullah Khan, and Safeer Ullah Khan. "Understanding Mobile Tourism Shopping in Pakistan: An Integrating Framework of Innovation Diffusion Theory and Technology Acceptance Model." Mobile Information Systems 2019 (June 24, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1490617.
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Consumer adoption of mobile-based tourism shopping is an emerging but overlooked area in tourism research. Given the paybacks and potential scope of this new channel, this study attempts to bridge the gap by proposing a multimediation model investigating mobile tourism shopping (MTS) in a developing country, Pakistan. In particular, we applied structural equation modeling through partial-least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on 396 responses collected from mobile respondents who recently purchased tourism products using a mobile device(s). It was discovered that social presence, directly and indirectly, influences tourist intentions towards MTS. The results further show that the tourists’ perception of compatibility and relative advantages of MTS have insignificant influence on their intention to accept a mobile device(s) for tourism shopping. The findings and implications of the study furnish new vistas to research discourse and managerial significance. Economically, this research contributes to knowledge that could increase income and create jobs in the host country.
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tom Dieck, M. Claudia, Timothy Hyungsoo Jung, Woo Gon Kim, and Yunji Moon. "Hotel guests’ social media acceptance in luxury hotels." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 530–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2015-0552.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose and test a modified technology acceptance model for the social media networks (SMNs) in the luxury hotel context, integrating satisfaction and continued usage intention, using a mixed-method approach. SMNs have revolutionized the way people communicate, search for information and share experiences. The technology acceptance model is the predominant theory for researching technology acceptance; however, there is a gap in identifying and testing context-specific constructs. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a mixed-method approach. The researchers conducted 16 interviews and 258 questionnaires with luxury hotel guests. Following the collection of data, interviews and questionnaires were analyzed using thematic and partial least square analysis. Findings Findings show that accessibility, trust, social influence and perceived benefits influence perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, which affect attitude and satisfaction and ultimately continued usage intentions. Findings also reveal that enjoyment, although qualitatively proposed, does not influence luxury hotel guests’ SMNs continued usage intention. Practical implications This study suggests that hotel managers have to concentrate their marketing efforts in enhancing SMN’s interaction and increasing the number of positive reviews to retain current customers and acquire new ones. Hotels should also develop effective mobile strategies by adopting mobile social network webs and applications, as accessibility becomes more important in today’s marketplace. Originality/value Former scholars adopted the approach of proposing external dimensions based on previous research and, thus, did not integrate up-to-date and context-specific variables. Therefore, the present paper uses a new approach by exploring SMN-specific dimensions and testing them in the luxury hotel context.
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Brilon, Werner, and Thorsten Miltner. "Capacity at Intersections without Traffic Signals." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1920, no. 1 (January 2005): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192000104.
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Two-way stop control is a form of intersection operation in widespread use. Calculations of the level of service are usually based on gap acceptance theory. In the American Highway Capacity Manual, the influence of pedestrians is considered an impedance factor, whereas in the German guideline the influence of pedestrians and bicyclists has not been considered so far. To close this gap, an alternative calculation method, called the conflict technique, has been developed. This method allows consideration of the influence of nonmotorized road users on the traffic performance of motor vehicles. Moreover, the method provides a significant simplification of the entire theoretical approach. Different modalities of operation, such as a zebra crossing at the entries to an intersection, can be considered, as can the fact that some road users do not comply with the priority rules. It is possible to calculate the capacity for one movement from the minor stream from a single equation. To calibrate the calculation method, traffic at several intersections was observed by video and analyzed for traffic volumes, delays, compliance with priority rules, and other parameters. With these field measurements, the calculation method was calibrated to actual road-user behavior. Comparison of the conventional calculation concept based on gap acceptance and the new conflict technique showed that they provide similar results. In particular, the consideration of pedestrians and limited priority effects is a considerable benefit of the new method.
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Silic, Mario, Andrea Back, and Thomas Sammer. "Employee Acceptance and Use of Unified Communications and Collaboration in a Cross-Cultural Environment." International Journal of e-Collaboration 10, no. 2 (April 2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2014040101.
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At the tip of the iceberg of the global financial crisis organizations are looking for economies of scale to survive in these challenging times. The Unified Communications and Collaboration (UC&C) platform is the perfect answer to support an organization's new strategies, aiming to increase employee productivity while decreasing costs. Our study combines recent collaboration research theories with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The authors aim to close the existing research gap by extending previous research with a cross-cultural dimension. They conducted an international field study in 34 countries involving 120 employees who were users of UC&C technology. The authors found that the UTAUT constructs are mainly validated in areas in which results suggest that performance expectancy and social influence are the most influential drivers in employee acceptance and use of UC&C in organizations.
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Weilage, Christopher, and Eva Stumpfegger. "Technology acceptance by university lecturers: a reflection on the future of online and hybrid teaching." On the Horizon: The International Journal of Learning Futures 30, no. 2 (March 10, 2022): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-09-2021-0110.
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Purpose Most research using extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) and other technology acceptance models (TAM) are quantitative studies. This leaves room for interpretation when they are applied to university lecturers’ acceptance of online teaching because the models were originally created for the consumer perspective. This study aims to bridge this gap by integrating existing (quantitative) research with (qualitative) reasoning. Design/methodology/approach This study reflects online and hybrid teaching acceptance by reviewing exemplary existing research using UTAUT2 as the conceptual framework. Findings UTAUT2 TAMs use a broad range of criteria that do not immediately agree with university lecturers’ acceptance of online teaching. This study finds that existing research results are inconclusive and attempts to link criteria when suitable. Performance expectancy should not only encompass individual attitudes and skills but also the nature of the subject taught. Social influence is driven by recognition and student evaluations. Hedonic motivation best fits the elsewhere well-researched concept of intrinsic motivation. This study suggests that universities choose their online teaching technology wisely, promote its ease of use and offer training as well as continuous support to lecturers, especially when addressing future uncertainties. Originality/value This study explains the implications of using TAMs for research of higher education online teaching. Potential reasons and arguments for the inconclusiveness of the studies reviewed are discussed, and measures for university policy and communication improvement are suggested.
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Persada, Satria Fadil, Bobby Ardiansyah Miraja, and Reny Nadlifatin. "Understanding the Generation Z Behavior on D-Learning: A Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Approach." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, no. 05 (March 14, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i05.9993.
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The present research explores how the young people maximize their potential in learning based on their generation. The Generation Z is considered as the generation that is still in high school and college education, which made this generation dominated by internet of things. This research is needed to be conducted to minimize the gap between Generation X and Y as the teacher or content providers and Generation Z as the students. A measurement of Generation Z in accepting the technology on learning is conducted by using a behavioral model, namely a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). A confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation model was conducted, and sampling of Generation Z respondents was performed. The total of 150 respondents’ data was analyzed. The result shows that most of the measured variables have the significant and positive correlations. Facilitation condition factor is explored to be the most dominated factor to affect the Generation Z behavior intention. Several practical implications are discussed.
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Dommisse, W. R., and H. Oosthuizen. "Value chain deconstruction in the United Kingdom retail life insurance industry and resulting strategic options for new entrants to the market." South African Journal of Business Management 35, no. 4 (December 31, 2004): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v35i4.664.
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Porter coined the term ‘value chain’ in 1985. Since then the concept has found general acceptance within the strategic planning realm. In order to explain changes occurring in industries affected by increased volatility, a thesis of the deconstruction of the value chain is gaining acceptance. This concept is investigated by means of a literature review. The theory is then tested in the turbulent United Kingdom (UK) retail life insurance industry to see if an application can be found. This industry is briefly analysed and the main environmental factors affecting it are investigated. These are a £27 billion per annum savings gap, under-performing equity markets, regulatory influences of depolarisation, stakeholder’s pensions and technological developments mainly as a result of the Internet. The conclusion reached is that the changes are creating at least partial deconstruction. Within this framework the strategic options for new entrants into the UK retail life insurance market are explored.
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Namatovu, Hasifah Kasujja, Tonny Justus Oyana, and Henk Gerard Sol. "Barriers to eHealth adoption in routine antenatal care practices: Perspectives of expectant mothers in Uganda – A qualitative study using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model." DIGITAL HEALTH 7 (January 2021): 205520762110644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076211064406.
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Current empirical evidence suggests that successful adoption of eHealth systems improves maternal health outcomes, yet there are still existing gaps in adopting such systems in Uganda. Service delivery in maternal health is operating in a spectrum of inadequacy, hence eHealth adoption cannot ensue. This study set out to explore the challenges that impede eHealth adoption in women's routine antenatal care practices in Uganda. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was employed to document challenges. These challenges were classified based on a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology constructs. One hundred and fifteen expectant mothers, aged between 18 and 49 years, who spoke either English or Luganda were included in the study that took place between January to May 2019. Thematic analysis using template analysis was adopted to analyse qualitative responses. Challenges were categorised based on five principal unified theories of acceptance and use of technology constructs namely: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and behavioural intention. Facilitating conditions had more influence on technology acceptance and adoption than the other four constructs. Specifically, the lack of training prior to using the system, technical support, computers and smart phones had a downhill effect on adoption. Subsequently, the cost of data services, internet intermittency, and the lack of systems that bridge the gap between mothers and health providers further hindered technology uptake. In conclusion, strategies such as co-development, training end-users, garnering support at the national and hospital levels should be advocated to improve user acceptance of technology.
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Yawised, Kritcha, Darlin Apasrawirote, Maneerut Chatrangsan, and Paisarn Muneesawang. "Factors Affecting SMEs' Intention to Adopt a Mobile Travel Application based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT-2)." Emerging Science Journal 4 (February 1, 2022): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-sp1-014.
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This study is part of a government research project which aims to synthesise the current evidence on the factors affecting the intention of mobile application adoption called ‘Tripper Notifier Application’ (TNA) for the hospitality and tourism industrial sector in Thailand. The focus is on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which emphasize restaurants, hotels, and attraction sites. The present article examines various factors influencing the intention to use such applications by employing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2) as the theoretical underpinning of this research paradigm. Using 84 selected research papers in Scopus published between 2020 and 2022, A thematic analysis incorporating a grounded theory approach to systematically generate themes was conducted, and the findings found three main themes, including business transformation capabilities (BTC), digital transformation capabilities (DTC), and personal innovativeness (PI), as an extension of UTAUT-2 as mediator and moderator variables. To this end, the study fills the research gaps and extends the UTAUT-2 framework by including an initiative of twelve inside attributes-based lines, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habit behavior, behavioral intention, and use behavior, together with three moderators: age, gender, and experience. Finally, the context dimensions of the UTAUT-2 extensions were mapped to highlight all the constructs of the TNA adoption framework for future research directions. The novel contribution of this study is to fill the gap with both theoretical and practical knowledge. On the theoretical level, this study constitutes constructs based on UTAUT-2 theory as a research-based setting to fill a gap in research. On the practical level, it provides insights and information about new capabilities that SME owners, managers, and practitioners should consider in order to differentiate their own capabilities. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SP1-014 Full Text: PDF
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Manelle, Guechtouli. "Competitive Intelligence Systems in Practice: Investigating Main Issues and Challenges Regarding Acceptance and Usage Behavior." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 31 (November 30, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n31p15.
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Gathering information about competitors and understanding their position is a key issue for any organization. The objective of this paper is to identify the main internal issues when it comes to dealing with Competitive Intelligence Systems (CIS) acceptance and usage behavior. We apply the exploratory research method of grounded theory to analyze a CI System of a large industrial company. At a practical level, our study aims at helping managers understanding the important features related to CIS in the postimplementation stage. At a theoretical level, the aim is to address a gap by explain the several relationships between the different categories of contributing actors and identifying the major problems they face after implementing a CIS. Our study identifies 3 main emergent issues in terms of:1. Internal visibility of the system, 2. Legitimacy and recognition by the management 3. System’s technology adoption and use. Results are discussed and managerial implications are addressed.
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Jennings, PhD, Eliot A., and Sudha Arlikatti, PhD. "What influences the acceptance of emergency management decision-support software? A study of county emergency management officials." Journal of Emergency Management 13, no. 6 (February 25, 2016): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0263.
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Objective: While the benefits of emergency management decision-support software (EMDSS) have been touted for helping reduce time in decision making, increasing interoperability, and real-time data management for effective disaster response, little is understood regarding the factors that influence the acceptance of these technologies by emergency management officials. This study aims to fill this gap and contribute to theory on user acceptance of EMDSS in the public sector and highlight practical constraints and solutions for emergency managers. Design: This research uses secondary data available from the 2006 survey of county emergency management agencies conducted by the National Center for the Study of Counties.Results: Having a lead county emergency management official with higher qualifications and an in-house geographic information system division, both have a positive influence on the acceptance of EMDSS by that agency.Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, the level of local collaborative planning efforts, the perceived level of threat, and number of disaster declarations for the county did not influence the use of these sophisticated EMDSS. To ensure use of such technology for effective emergency management, more funding to offer specialized training in the use of DSS is required in those agencies that do not have in-house GIS specialists.
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van Klyton, Aaron, Juan Fernando Tavera-Mesías, and Wilson Castaño-Muñoz. "Digital local information services in developing countries: Evidence from Colombia." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 52, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 1197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000620907970.
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This exploratory research identifies and investigates factors that affect the delivery of local information in a developing country. The service provider and 195 local institutions based in Medellin, Colombia collaborate through an online portal, Infolocal, constituting a local information landscape (LIL). The study implements a conceptual framework for the LIL and highlights deficiencies in traditional local information service models. A Delphi study was conducted with global experts of local information services (LIS) in order to refine the traditional Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model constructs for the Infolocal information service. Second, a survey was developed based on the revised categories (effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, organisational support, and affective commitment) and disseminated to the local institutions to assess their perceptions of the service. This data was then evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. The study found that theories of technology acceptance were insufficient in explaining the disjunctions in the information landscape of this service. This study contributes to closing a gap in understanding the perceptions of LIS practice from the perspective of institutions that engage directly with citizens’ technology acceptance and use behaviour in a multilevel relationship. This article captures, compares, and analyses the disjunctions between the theoretical frameworks as espoused by experts and the practices of LIS.
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Alkhaqani, Ahmed Lateef. "Clinical skills for newly graduated nurses: Theory-Practice gap." Atlantic Journal of Medical Science and Research 2, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.55358/atjmed.2022.11.017.
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Dear Editor, Nursing education consists of classroom and clinical training to demonstrate clinical competence based on theoretical concepts learned. However, there is a lack of clinical abilities demonstrated and theoretical knowledge gained from pre-qualified nursing education and the preparation of new graduates. Furthermore, graduates often believe that the lessons learned do not reflect the actualities faced in clinical fields. This discrepancy is known as the theory-practice gap among graduate nurses who are theoretically but not practically equipped to apply theory and knowledge to practice in the clinical environment. Graduate nurses working in high-risk fields can struggle to integrate theoretical concepts into the clinical environment, leading to patient safety risks and potential adverse outcomes. Furthermore, the new graduates experience a deficit that contributed to decreased job satisfaction, increased job turnover rates, and patient care mistakes. This paper aims to address the gap between nursing education and practice in the nursing profession. The nurse’s role has grown substantially in recent years due to the shift in patients’ medical needs. Nurses are no longer just the “bedside healers” who hand you your medication and make sure your bedpan is clean, and they are also critical components of your healthcare team. The shift in inpatient medical needs requires more than just bedside healers. Nurses want to work on the skills needed for clinicians. Nurses need to take any opportunity they can get to stand out more than ever (1). Over the past 30 years, nurses’ education has been shifted from hospitals to universities. The theory part has begun to gain greater popularity in nursing education. Literature shows a clear gap between classroom teaching and student nurses’ experiences in clinical areas (2). Nurses are essential to excellent health care at all levels and provide complex patient services in different facilities. These services are only provided if the nursing profession has excellent clinical knowledge of nursing and can meet the needs of many different public health services. In view of the needs of the general public, new graduate nurses must be educated and equipped to use the clinical skills needed after nursing school with confidence. However, clinical competence is only part of providing excellent health care, and new graduate nurses must make the best clinical judgment for patients (3). Nursing is a holistic approach involving caring for people with compassion, but it has changed because patients expect to be treated quickly and transferred to the next. In addition, nurses face challenges because they are challenged in clinical fields and do not have the necessary capacity to cope with daily situations (4). Therefore, this article aims to review the gap between theory and practice in the workplace nursing profession. It is important to think about the differences between theories and practices. As defined by dictionaries, a theory is a set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena. Practice is defined as the act or the process of doing something, performance, or action. In definition, these terms appear to be at odds with each other, but when considered in terms of professional setup, they have to enable the application of ‘applying the theory into practice’(5). New graduate nurses face challenges transitioning from school to clinical training, affecting their performance. These challenges include knowledge level, physical demands, social acceptance stress from colleagues, and adaptation to new working environment culture. Concern about nurses’ competence stems from the rise in-hospital mortality rates in the United States. New and experienced nurses are highly expected to provide effective and safe patient care. There is still no clear answer to whether the new graduate nurses lack the appropriate education or if there is excessive pressure on the schools to quickly graduate a larger number of nurses to fill the increasing need for nurses in the clinical environment. The transition from nursing student to nurse work has proven to be a difficult transition that many researchers have studied. Some studies show that new graduate nurses lack the necessary skills to play the role of nurses without clinical experience. New graduate nurses are faced with many different challenges and intense pressures to meet the expectations of their profession. The nursing education programme encourages professional nurses to integrate theory and practice to provide high-quality nursing care in practice. Practical learning allows nurses to provide nursing care based on their knowledge. Nursing is an important field where knowledge is applied after education to practical skills. The distinction between theory and practice is one of the many topics of nursing discussion issues, such as the unresolved threads of a long time (6). Though nurses have been required to do more than ever before, the way they prepare for and embark on this career path has remained unchanged. According to a survey, 83% of new graduate nurses did not receive any formal training in their profession before starting work. A survey has found that 80% of nurses believe that this is a problem in their workplace (7). 90% have expressed the intention to work one or more additional days as they describe as ‘clinical application’ days. A gap has been found between the educational experience and the level of competence required by the clinical setting. Nursing students need to be prepared for various clinical settings where they will be called on to use a wide range of skills and techniques (8). The nursing programs lack clinical skills, but the issue stems from what is being taught to the students. For example, nurses are not learning how to keep infections out of hospitals by washing their hands properly. Students have not gained the necessary knowledge because they are being taught about theory rather than clinical practice. Another issue is that teachers have difficulty keeping up with the fast-paced changes in nursing because they were trained before many of these changes occurred (9). The new generation of nurses lacks adequate on-the-job training due to the uncertainty of getting a job offer after finishing their course. Nurses are also not given enough time on-site with patients during their graduate studies for practical experience (10). This is because patients are generally only admitted for short periods during their stay at hospitals or nursing homes. There is a considerable gap between the skills required from a nursing student to provide clinical skills. A nursing student needs to know pre-hospital, hospital, home care, treatments, associated procedures, and first aid. This gap could be due to insufficient preparation for clinical scenarios or not nursing educators practicing these skills. The solution should provide sufficient clinical skills preparations for nursing students, engage teachers to practice these skills, and engage clinical professionals to participate in the education of the students (11). In this regard, organizations such as the International Laboure Organization (ILO) endorsed articulation arrangements allowing post-secondary students across countries to access top traditional higher education. However, though other academic institutions offer certificates or diplomas in nursing assistant studies, not all of them have been recognized by ILO. Others push to improve the training opportunities by increasing the hours of accommodation visits, block releases, and summer programs to see long-lasting changes. Nurses should start preparing for the workplace before they graduate. That way, they can be more prepared for these future challenges. Primarily focus on supporting collaboration between academics and clinicians, establishing a research culture in a clinical environment, and improving access to research. In order to do so, practitioners need access to current information, learning resources, and opportunities for continuous education. The theory-practice gap, it would seem, is a multifaceted problem. The most common reasons included that the theory was about building a knowledge base while practice was about learning nursing skills. Education is an essential element of the preparation of nurses for real situations. However, education must include theory and nursing practice, and the teaching of excellent teachers in these two areas is linked (12). New graduate nurses must be confident and prepared to take on a role that will life-changing environment. Nurses are stressed because nurses know that the health of patients is dependent on good care. Research in this field is essential to ensure the workforce is equipped with the best-qualified nurses. Thus, overall, it is quite evident that the gap exists and has areas that can be improved. Strategies for solving this problem include re-examining the curriculum and liaising between education and practice. In education and clinical environments, leaders and followers will create operational plans for this proposed model and link it to benefits to make nursing professionals beneficial at large.
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Bakri, Mohammed Hariri, Khalifa Khalfan Salem Muftah Almansoori, and Nur Syazni Mohd Azlan. "Determinants intention usage of Islamic E-Wallet Among Millennials." GLOBAL BUSINESS FINANCE REVIEW 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2023.28.1.11.
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Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the behavioural intention of the millennials in Malaysia toward the acceptance of Islamic e-wallet usage using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) via Structural Equation Model.
Design/methodology/approach: The data have been collected by the 384 millennials in Malaysia. A person has aged between 25 until 40 years old is considered the millennials group The method that used in this paper is the Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). There will be five independent variables: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, and Shariah-compliant. Shariah-compliant variables have been added to the study because the study investigates the Islamic e-wallet where it is needed the Shariah-compliant elements. Before the data is analysed into measurement, preliminary analysis such as Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is conducted as well.
Findings: The result showed that the performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI) and Shariah complaint (SC) significantly affect the Islamic e-wallet acceptance among the millennials. In addition, the Shariah complaint has a strong effect on Islamic e-wallet acceptance. In contrast, facilitating condition (FC) showed no effect on Islamic e-wallet acceptance. In this study, all the requirements for model fit were achieved. The four exogenous constructs are performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI) and facilitating condition (FC). The mediating construct is behavioural intention (BI) and the endogenous is user adoption (UA). All exogenous constructs show significant p-value except for effort expectancy (EE).
Research limitation/implications: This paper offers important implications specifically for the digital economy as it is currently making its way throughout every aspect in the human life, be it social, religion, financial transaction, entertainment and many more. The impact of digital economy can be traced through the emergence of Fintech. One of the least academically discussed areas is the adoption of Islamic Fintech. This study is considered necessary to explore the prediction of consumer behaviour in Islamic Fintech intention, as part of digital economy.
Originality/value: The paper fills the gap perceived within the existing literature of finance technology by showing Islamic financial technology (E-Wallet) intention via model measurement.
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Nagaj, D., P. Wocjan, and Y. Zhang. "Fast amplification of QMA." Quantum Information and Computation 9, no. 11&12 (November 2009): 1053–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic9.11-12-8.
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Given a verifier circuit for a problem in QMA, we show how to exponentially amplify the gap between its acceptance probabilities in the `yes' and `no' cases, with a method that is quadratically faster than the procedure given by Marriott and Watrous. Our construction is natively quantum, based on the analogy of a product of two reflections and a quantum walk. Second, in some special cases we show how to amplify the acceptance probability for good witnesses to 1, making a step towards the proof that QMA with one-sided error QMA_1 is equal to QMA. Finally, we simplify the filter-state method to search for QMA witnesses by Poulin and Wocjan.
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Linares, Manuela, M. Dolores Gallego, and Salvador Bueno. "Proposing a TAM-SDT-Based Model to Examine the User Acceptance of Massively Multiplayer Online Games." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073687.
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This study is focused on the massively multiplayer online games’ acceptance. In general, while specialized literature reveals that the online gaming industry has grown strongly in recent years, little evidence is identified on its user acceptance. In this manner, the present study is an attempt to fill this gap. Concretely, two aims are defined: (1) proposing an acceptance model to predict the continuance usage of massively multiplayer online games, and (2) knowing how this continuance usage encourages social well-being. The model proposed employing the structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS-SEM) methodology. This PLS-SEM model has been defined using a combination of the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the self-determination theory (SDT), comprising eight constructs: (1) autonomy and competence, (2) relatedness, (3) achievement and challenge, (4) flow experience, (5) perceived enjoyment, (6) social well-being, (7) perceived ease of use, and (8) continuance intention. The findings reveal that continuance intention impacts on social well-being. Moreover, the pivotal role of flow experience for continuance intention has been demonstrated. Additionally, continuance intention has been impacted by the perceived enjoyment, showing that it is a key construct for the acceptance of massively multiplayer online games. Thus, two contributions are highlighted. First, these results provide the gaming industry and software developer companies with considerations on gamers’ motivations in the online game design, in order to stimulate and incentivize its use. Second, the present study can be useful for academicians and practitioners to understand the online gamers’ emotions and well-being, showing some light over their psychology and mental health. Finally, limitations and future directions are exposed.
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Wahab, Siti Norida, Nazura Mohamed Sayuti, and Azimah Daud. "Factors Influencing Green Warehouse Practices in Malaysian Warehouse Industry: An Empirical Analysis." ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v5i1.9977.
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The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the factors influencing green warehouse practices (GWP) in the Malaysian warehouse industry. Both stakeholder theory (ST) and institutional theory (IT) act as the foundation in developing the theoretical framework. Six factors were identified resulted from preliminary data gathering and an extensive literature review for constructing the model. The sample size consists of 226 respondents with the acceptance rate of 89 per cent. The findings revealed that customer demand, owner support, employee involvement, top management commitment, industry competition, and governmental pressure are positively associated with GWP. Based on the findings, warehouse companies and relevant authorities in Malaysia should focus on the importance of GWP towards becoming more competitive in the global market. The study provides a theoretical gap by proposing a valuable implication to scholars and practitioners in promoting sustainable industrial development which aligns with the government national agenda.
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Sun, Feng, Li Sun, Shao-wei Sun, and Dian-hai Wang. "Study on the Calculation Models of Bus Delay at Bays Using Queueing Theory and Markov Chain." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/750304.
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Traffic congestion at bus bays has decreased the service efficiency of public transit seriously in China, so it is crucial to systematically study its theory and methods. However, the existing studies lack theoretical model on computing efficiency. Therefore, the calculation models of bus delay at bays are studied. Firstly, the process that buses are delayed at bays is analyzed, and it was found that the delay can be divided into entering delay and exiting delay. Secondly, the queueing models of bus bays are formed, and the equilibrium distribution functions are proposed by applying the embedded Markov chain to the traditional model of queuing theory in the steady state; then the calculation models of entering delay are derived at bays. Thirdly, the exiting delay is studied by using the queueing theory and the gap acceptance theory. Finally, the proposed models are validated using field-measured data, and then the influencing factors are discussed. With these models the delay is easily assessed knowing the characteristics of the dwell time distribution and traffic volume at the curb lane in different locations and different periods. It can provide basis for the efficiency evaluation of bus bays.
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Khan, Safeer Ullah, Xiangdong Liu, Ikram Ullah Khan, Cheng Liu, and Zahid Hameed. "Measuring the Effects of Risk and Cultural Dimensions on the Adoption of Online Stock Trading." International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems 14, no. 3 (July 2018): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeis.2018070106.
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Online stock trading (OST) is a growing phenomenon across countries, yet there is a sparse literature focusing on the negative utilities (risks) that causing the low adoption. Drawing from perceived risk theory, this article attempts to fill the gap by identifying the influential risk factors that impede the acceptance of OST in a developing country, Pakistan. The study also applies the Hofstede cultural theory to ascertain the effects of cultural moderators on investors' usage behavior (UB). Based on structured questionnaire, 443 valid responses were received from current and potential investors. The model was tested using structural equation modeling through Smart-PLS. The results validate a negative and significant relationship between risk dimensions and investors' behavioral intentions (BI) to use OST. Especially time, financial, performance, privacy and opportunity cost risks are found having a negative impact on investors' BI. Moreover, the study finds that cultural dimensions, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance, moderate the relationship between BI and UB.