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Journal articles on the topic 'Gardeur'
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1
Legrand, Pierre. "Contrat et non-contrat : scolies sur l’indétermination en jurisprudence québécoise." Revue générale de droit 23, no. 2 (March 12, 2019): 235–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1057471ar.
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Le droit civil retient que la formation d’un contrat valide passe par l’existence d’un consentement de chacune des parties à l’accord. Une fois le contrat conclu, le droit civil permet au juge d’en réviser le contenu, pour autant qu’il opère en-deçà des limites portées au Code civil. Le droit civil dit encore que l’imputation d’une responsabilité contractuelle requiert une faute préalable du débiteur. Une récente décision de la Cour d’appel du Québec, dans Hôpital c. Centre hospitalier Le Gardeur, déroge pourtant à chacun de ces trois préceptes fondamentaux. Elle offre, dès lors, un point d’ancrage singulièrement opportun à une réflexion sur le contrat et la responsabilité contractuelle dans le droit civil du Québec.
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Dionne, Patrick. "Edmond Robillard. Mémoires d’une enfance à Le Gardeur. Montréal, Edmond Robillard Éditeur, 2001. 331 p." Mens: Revue d'histoire intellectuelle de l'Amérique française 3, no. 1 (2002): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024623ar.
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Goupil-Travert, Maria. "HAVELANGE (Isabelle) (éd.) Louis-Philippe d’Orléans, Charles Gardeur-Lebrun, Journaux de voyage et d’éducation – Spa, été 1787." Histoire de l'éducation, no. 153 (June 30, 2020): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/histoire-education.5382.
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Maziade, Pierre-Jean, Daniel Lussier, and Francoise Dubé. "2417. Feasibility and Safety of Using a Probiotic Comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285, L. casei LBC80R and L. rhamnosus CLR2 for C. difficile Infection Prevention Among Antibiotic Users: 15-Years of Prospective Results from a Single-Center." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S834—S835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2095.
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Abstract Background Hospitals use multiple concurrent prevention strategies to curb nosocomial C. difficile infection, but there are limited data on the long-term feasibility or safety of using a probiotic. Pierre-Le Gardeur Hospital, Québec, has been administering a probiotic comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285, L. casei LBC80R and L. rhamnosus CLR2 since 2004 with documented results through March 31, 2014. Here we present an update for the past 5 years. Methods Several nosocomial infection prevention practices were running concurrently at the hospital. Adult inpatients treated with antibiotics from April 1, 2014 to March 31, 2019 were eligible to receive the probiotic. The hospital pharmacy ensured that each patient took the probiotic capsules (Bio-K+® 50 Billion) daily from the initiation of antibiotic use. Confirmed nosocomial cases of C. difficile infection were recorded and reported to the provincial public health agency. The rate of nosocomial CDI for this hospital was compared with other non-University affiliated hospitals in the health region with more than 110 beds and fewer than 45% of patients age 65 and older, and, to all other hospitals in the health system. Results Cumulatively over the past 15 years, more than sixty thousand antibiotic-treated adult inpatients took the probiotic daily during antibiotic use. Among 13 comparable hospitals, Pierre-Le Gardeur Hospital had the lowest rate of nosocomial CDI in 2014–2015, 2015–2016, 2016–2017, 2017–2018 and on average had the lowest rate for 2013–2018 (1.1 CDI cases per 10,000 patient-days). Compared with all hospitals in the Province of Quebec health system, N = 95, the hospital had the lowest nosocomial CDI rate on average for 2013–2018. No cases of Lactobacillus bacteremia were detected. Conclusion The overall infection prevention strategy has been highly effective, resulting in a consistently low rate of nosocomial CDI. We found that it is feasible to administer this probiotic to antibiotic-treated inpatients with few restrictions. No Lactobacillus infections were observed from any of the three strains of bacteria for this probiotic when given to more than sixty thousand adult inpatients. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Howell, Lauren E., and Michael N. Dana. "AN ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTERIZED PERENNIAL FLOWER GARDEN DESIGN." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 578e—578. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.578e.
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The use of perennials in the garden and landscape is an area of much confusion for the home gardener. A customer-interactive computer program for point-of-sale marketing of perennials in garden centers which assures horticultural and aesthetic success is a potential solution to this problem. Literature of herbaceous perennials and perennial garden design was surveyed and landscape design professionals were interviewed to develop a complete algorithm for designing perennial border gardens. The assembled data were incorporated into the algorithm in the form of plant selection and placement rules and plant attribute heirarchies. The planting plan algorithm was tested and the resulting test gardens were critiqued by landscape design professionals. The algorithm was successful in designing horticulturally correct and aesthetically pleasing perennial border gardens. This algorithm is ready to be coded into a computer program for use as a customer-interactive, point-of-sale marketing tool.
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Mottern, Bobby, Mary Haque, and Judy Caldwell. "THE EDUCATIONAL BENEFIT OF TWO DEMONSTRATIO XERISCAPE GARDENS." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1166d—1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1166d.
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Two xeriscape gardens have been designed for the purpose of educating the public about the importance of water conservation through xeriscaping. One was designed and implemented for a temporary exhibit at the South Carolina State Fair in October of 1991. The exhibit was cosponsored by the Clemson University Extension Service and Master Gardener programs. The second garden has been designed for the Clemson University Botanical Garden. This will be a permanant addition to the botanical garden soley for display purposes. It is designed to be a model for students, professors, and the general public to observe and study principles associated with water conservation in the landscape.
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Mottern, Bobby, Mary Hague, and Judy Caldwell. "THE EDUCATIONAL BENEFIT OF TWO DEMONSTRATION XERISCAPE GARDENS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 575a—575. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.575a.
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Two xeriscape gardens have been designed for the purpose of educating the public about the importance of water conservation through xeriscaping. One was designed and implemented for a temporary exhibit at the South Carolina State Fair in October of 1991. The exhibit was cosponsored by the Clemson University Extension Service and Master Gardener programs. The second garden has been designed for the Clemson University Botanical Garden. This will be a permanant addition to the botanical garden soley for display purposes. It is designed to be a model for students, professors, and the general public to observe and study principles associated with water conservation in the landscape.
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Phillips, Fred B., James W. Rushing*, and Brenda J. Vander Mey. "The Charleston Area Children's Garden Project: A Community Sponsored Initiative." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 782D—782. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.782d.
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The Charleston Area Children's Garden Project is a community-sponsored initiative affiliated with the Clemson Univ. Coastal Research and Education Center and the Landscapes for Learning Program. The Project transforms vacant lots and other unused spaces into neighborhood outdoor learning centers. Garden activities are free and open to all. The children plan, plant, and tend the garden under the supervision and guidance of adult Garden Leaders. Whatever is grown, the children take home. A “sidewalk learning session” is held in the garden each week. At these sessions, the garden manager, parents, neighbors, or visitors teach the youngsters about garden-related topics from insects to siphons, from origami to pickling, and a multitude of other topics designed to stimulate learning and child participation. The Project is designed to give children a hands-on learning experience outside the classroom setting, to make neighborhoods more attractive, and to build a sense of community. The Project is totally funded by grant monies and has grown from one garden in 2000 to ten gardens in 2004. Gardens are planted with the involvement of neighborhood associations, the Boys and Girls Clubs, the Homeless Shelter, and in conjunction with after-school programs. The Project makes use of such resources as The Growing Classroom and the Junior Master Gardener Teaching Guide. An array of program materials has been developed that are designed for use in the coastal communities of South Carolina.
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Sipos, Laura. "Botanikus kertek kialakulása, tervezése, építése, és használatuk a gyógyításban." Kaleidoscope history 11, no. 22 (2021): 420–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17107/kh.2021.22.420-464.
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The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate the past way of gardens’ development throughout the men’s history. The onset was the creation of the first gardens, later on, their evolution related to their type and purpose, finally there are concerns about the external factors that instigated the flourishing of horticulture. Monastic medicine is one of the key issues thus this study contains a dedicated chapter about this topic since it is really important how the medical use of herbs evolved throughout the past times. There is also presented the botanical garden—one of the main garden types—using the specific example of this country’s greatest Füvészkert (Herbal Garden) in Hungary. Since ever, there was fiercely debated the therapeutic classification of herbal medicines, if their safety and efficacy were proven, and whether there were needed legislation about their administration. A specific chapter is concerning these issues too. There are also presented outcomes of online questionnaire-based research answered by 700 responders.
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Bilston, Sarah. "QUEENS OF THE GARDEN: VICTORIAN WOMEN GARDENERS AND THE RISE OF THE GARDENING ADVICE TEXT." Victorian Literature and Culture 36, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150308080017.
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The nineteenth century was an era of enormous changes in garden design and garden practice. A wealth of new and exotic plants, located and shipped back by adventurous plant hunters from southern Europe and other, warmer continents, changed the look and character of the garden beyond recognition. The repeal of the glass tax and advances in iron and glass production initiated the craze of the glass house. “Bedding out” consequently became popular, a system in which delicate plants grown under glass could be planted straight outside in warmer months, producing instant colour and ending the frustrating months of bare beds during which gardeners waited for native perennials to bloom. And there were many other important technological advances to ease the lot of the Victorian gardener, such as the patenting of the first lawn mower in 1830 and improvements in tool design. Moreover, with huge advances in printing press technology and distribution, a slew of gardening magazines and gardening manuals sprang up to educate and aid the amateur gardener. The rise of the middle class, housed in suburban terraces and villas with small gardens front and back, produced a ready market for such texts.
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HICKMAN, CLARE. "‘The want of a proper Gardiner’: late Georgian Scottish botanic gardeners as intermediaries of medical and scientific knowledge." British Journal for the History of Science 52, no. 4 (October 4, 2019): 543–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000451.
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AbstractOften overlooked by historians, specialist gardeners with an expert understanding of both native and exotic plant material were central to the teaching and research activities of university botanic gardens. In this article various interrelationships in the late Georgian period will be examined: between the gardener, the garden, the botanic collection, the medical school and ways of knowing. Foregrounding gardeners’ narratives will shed light on the ways in which botanic material was gathered and utilized for teaching and research purposes, particularly for medical students, as well as highlighting the importance of the garden as a repository of botanic material for the classroom. In this way, the blurred lines between art and science, skill and scholarly activity, and shared pedagogic practices between botany and anatomy will be revealed.
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Donovan, Shannon. "Growing Gardens Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities Facing the Strategic Expansion of Anchorage, Alaska’s Community Garden System." Case Studies in the Environment 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2017.001008.
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Anchorage’s community gardening program is administered by the Municipality of Anchorage Parks and Recreation program and part of their mission is to provide “a food system where locally produced, affordable, and nutritious food is available to all”. The demand for access to community gardens far outweighs the supply raising the question, how can the city of Anchorage strategically and sustainably expand their community garden system? To explore this question, the Municipality of Anchorage partnered with the University of Alaska Anchorage to better understand how expanding community gardens can bridge a gap in the local food system and increase access to fresh foods by the city’s most vulnerable and diverse individuals. To do this, we developed a multi-faceted needs assessment that included a community survey, stakeholder workshop, and key informant interviews. This paper explores the opportunities and challenges of expanding Anchorage’s community gardens and offers expansion strategies that balance the needs of the community’s diverse populations with the city’s community gardening mission. The findings of this study show that to sustainably meet the needs of diverse audiences, community garden expansion efforts should focus on 1) making new gardens accessible by identifying safe, convenient, and functional locations; 2) building gardener capacity through education and outreach programs; and 3) strengthening partnerships with other community organizations to share resources and capabilities. The methods used and the associated findings revealed through this study can be adapted and applied in other cities looking to develop a sustainable and strategic model for community gardening.
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Fallahi, Esmaeil, Pontia Fallahi, and Shahla Mahdavi. "Ancient Urban Gardens of Persia: Concept, History, and Influence on Other World Gardens." HortTechnology 30, no. 1 (February 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04415-19.
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The history of Persian gardens goes back to a few millennia before the emergence of Islam in Iran (Persia). Designs of Persian gardens have influenced and are used extensively in the gardens of Al-Andalus in Spain, Humayun’s Tomb and the Taj Mahal in India, and many gardens in the United States and other countries around the globe. Bagh in the Persian language (Farsi) means garden and the word Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq) is rooted from the words bagh and daad (meaning “the garden of justice”). Pasargadae, the ancient Persian capital city, is the earliest example of Persian garden design known in human civilization as chahar bagh or 4-fold garden design. Bagh-e-Eram, or Garden of Eden or Eram Garden, is one the most attractive Persian gardens and is located in Shiraz, Iran. There are numerous other urban ancient gardens in Iran, including Bagh-e-Shahzadeh (Shazdeh), meaning “The Prince’s Garden” in Mahan, Golestan National Park near the Caspian Sea; Bagh-e-Fin in Kashan; Bagh-e-El-Goli in Tabriz; and Bagh-e-Golshan in Tabas. The design of each Persian garden is influenced by climate, art, beliefs, poetry, literature, and romance of the country and the region where the garden is located. In addition, each garden may have a gene bank of fruits, flowers, herbs, and vegetables. Although countless gardens were destroyed in the hands of invaders throughout the centuries, Persians have attempted either to rebuild or build new gardens generation after generation, each of which has become a favorite destination to tourists from around the world.
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Pollard, Georgia, Philip Roetman, James Ward, Belinda Chiera, and Evangeline Mantzioris. "Beyond Productivity: Considering the Health, Social Value and Happiness of Home and Community Food Gardens." Urban Science 2, no. 4 (September 20, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2040097.
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We are living in an age of concern for mental health and wellbeing. The objective of the research presented in this paper is to investigate the perceived health, social value and happiness benefits of urban agriculture (UA) by focusing on home and community food gardens in South Australia. The results reported in this paper are from “Edible Gardens”, a citizen science project designed to investigate the social value, productivity and resource efficiency of UA in South Australia. Methods include an online survey and in-field garden data collection. Key findings include: dominant home gardener motivations were the produce, enjoyment, and health, while dominant community gardener motivations were enjoyment, connection to others and the produce. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four key factors: Tranquillity and Timeout, Develop and Learn Skills, the Produce, and Social Connection. The key difference between home and community gardeners was an overall social connection. Although home gardeners did not appear to actively value or desire inter-household social connection, this does not mean they do not value or participate in other avenues of social connection, such as via social learning sources or by sharing food with others. The combined results from this research regarding health and wellbeing, social connection and happiness support the premise that engagement in home or community food gardening may provide a preventative or supportive role for gardener health and wellbeing, regardless of whether it is a conscious motivation for participation.
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Picton, Jane. "Gardens and Personal Growth." Children Australia 14, no. 3 (1989): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000002319.
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Gardens and gardenng often mean different things to different people. When I was invited to join a committee about nine years ago for a garden centre for people with disabilities, I was, to say he least, tentative. I knew more about disabled people and their needs and more about volunteers than gardening. I enquired about the centre and the committee. The Centre had been established by an idea sown by Kevin Heinze, the well known television gardener and educator, after he had seen a garden for people with disabilities overseas—one to work in, not just to sit in. He interested many people with the idea of developing such a garden in Melbourne. The Doncaster Council then negotiated with the State Electricity Commission about the use of some land believed suitable in Doncaster, approximately 25 km from the city.This was in 1979. I accepted the invitation to join the Kevin Heinze Garden Centre Committee just a few months after it had started operating. This paper will describe the development of the Centre and its value for people with intellectual and physical disabilities, and the work of the co-ordinator and volunteers.
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Kwon, Min Hyeong, Changwan Seo, Jongyun Kim, Moonil Kim, Chun Ho Pak, and Woo-Kyun Lee. "Current Status of Children’s Gardens Within Public Gardens in the United States." HortTechnology 25, no. 5 (October 2015): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.25.5.671.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the current status and future development of children’s gardens within public gardens in the United States and to examine their roles as places for children to explore natural environments. This study identified 776 public gardens and examined 163 of those gardens using a comprehensive online survey. The sampled public gardens were widely distributed throughout the United States, although they were located primarily in the eastern and western regions of the United States. We found that 55% of the 163 public gardens that we investigated included a children’s garden at the time of data collection, and 26.4% planned to add a children’s garden in the near future. Children’s gardens found within public gardens were typically in a botanical garden and were added after the public gardens were formed. Most of the children’s gardens had a stated purpose of providing children with environmental education by allowing them to experience the natural environment through play. Most children’s gardens occupied a small proportion, less than 1 acre, of the overall size of a public garden. We also found that demographic and socioeconomic factors influenced the development of children’s gardens within public gardens and public gardens in general.
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Goto, Seiko, Yuki Morota, Congcong Liu, Minkai Sun, Bertram Emil Shi, and Karl Herrup. "The Mechanism of Relaxation by Viewing a Japanese Garden: A Pilot Study." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, no. 4 (June 5, 2020): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720924729.
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Aim: To explore people’s visual attention and psychological and physiological responses to viewing a Japanese garden (an asymmetrically designed garden) and an herb garden (a symmetrically designed garden). Background: There are few studies of eye movements when observing different style gardens, and how they are connected to the interpretation of the space, and physiological and psychological responses. Method: Thirty subjects were recruited and their physiological and psychological responses to viewing the garden types were assessed using a heart-rate monitor and questionnaire. Eye movements while viewing projected slide images of the gardens were tracking using an eye-tracking monitor. Results: A significant decrease in heart rate was observed when subjects were viewing the Japanese garden as opposed to viewing the herb garden. Mood was significantly improved in both gardens, but eye-gaze patterns differed. The Japanese garden elicited far more comments about expectations for the coming season; unlike the herb garden, it also induced memories of viewing other landscapes. Conclusion: The physiological and psychological responses to viewing gardens differs based on the quality of landscape design and the prior experience of viewers.
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Othman, Noriah, Mohd Hisham Ariffin, Noralizawati Mohamed, and Mohd Ali Waliyuddin A. Razak. "Visitors’ Preferences for Malaysian Botanical Gardens’ Landscapes." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 12 (July 18, 2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i12.122.
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Botanical gardens are bio-diverse flora-based natural attractions. Visitors to two prominent Malaysian botanical gardens were surveyed about their preferences for human oriented gardens’ landscape designs.There were significant differences in the preferences for garden landscapes with poorly maintained man-made structures and jungle-like garden landscapes(National Botanical Gardens), and the Japanese garden landscape (Penang Botanical Gardens) among Malays, Chinese and Indians (p<0.10). There were significant differences in preferences between males and females (p<0.10) for garden landscapes with man-made structures(National Botanical Gardens) and landscapes having open spaces (Penang Botanical Gardens).Keywords: Landscape, Human Oriented, Botanical Gardens, PreferenceseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Myszka, Izabela, and Katarzyna Augustyniak. "THE ROAD AS AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF THE CONTENT OF THE SHOW GARDEN." Space&FORM 2020, no. 46 (June 24, 2021): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.46.c-03.
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In this article, we focus on the subject of the show garden and place for path in the garden, in particular its forms and functions in space and meaning. The form and function of path was examined on the basis of selected, representative examples of historical gardens and contemporary show gardens of the festival in Chaumont-sur-Loire. The results showed that a path is the leading element of every garden, and its form has a decisive influence on the composition of the entire space and allows you to note content. Based on the research results, road system diagrams in historical gardens were developed and model concepts for show gardens inspired by the history of gardens were developed. The currently very touching topic of Quarantine has become the leitmotif of the garden content.
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Hage, Ingebjørg. "Renessansehagen – utforming og hagekunstneriske motiver." Nordlit 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.1803.
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The focus of this article is the gardens of the Italian Renaissance, their main motifs of garden art and how these motifs spread through Europe during the centuries. Motifs from the garden art of Firenze and Rome in the fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries were established in France, England and the German speaking countries during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and in Norway during the seventeenth. These gardens started among the Italian aristocracy, but as the gardens and garden motifs went north they were also adopted by the less well to do classes. Still during the twentieth century small parterre gardens with the same lay-out as in the Italian Renaissance could be found in small scale farm gardens in marginal parts of Europe - for example in Norway, Germany and Switzerland. Single garden motifs survived during the centuries, and they were performed in local materials, but the garden concept from the Italian Renaissance had disappeared.
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Saguin, Kristian. "Cultivating beneficiary citizenship in urban community gardens in Metro Manila." Urban Studies 57, no. 16 (February 11, 2020): 3315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019897035.
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This paper introduces ‘beneficiary citizenship’ as a way to understand a form of urban citizenship that has emerged from shifts in state–citizen relations. Through the case of state-initiated urban community gardens in Metro Manila, it examines beneficiary citizenship as conditionally granting urban dwellers welfare, entitlements or recognition in the city in return for their transformation into good, responsible citizens. Beneficiary citizenship captures the dual forces of neoliberal technologies of government and alternative citizenship claims that are simultaneously present in various participatory and community-centred state projects. Case study gardens established in a resettlement housing project, in a poverty reduction programme and in a gated village in Metro Manila all seek to cultivate good citizen traits deemed worthy of being granted recognition in the city through a transformation of self and the community. Yet, beneficiaries in these projects also use their good gardener/citizen subjectivity to mobilise ends different from those intended by garden projects as technologies of government. Community gardens therefore become spaces where urban dwellers articulate citizenship by combining various strategies granted by their participation in the projects, exceeding attempts to order and contain urban life.
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Salwa, Mateusz. "Estetyka, etyka i logika ogrodu. Filozofia Rosaria Assunta." Artium Quaestiones, no. 26 (September 19, 2018): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/aq.2015.26.5.
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The essay offers a philosophical interpretation of the concept of the garden accordingto the contemporary Italian aesthetician Rosario Assunto (1915–1994). Assuntosystematically developed a philosophical theory focused on the question of theidentity of the garden. He was interested in the “idea of the Garden” which, in hisopinion, determined historical gardens both at the ontological and epistemologicallevel. He defined the garden in terms of a happy connection of man and nature, basedon the aesthetic contemplation of beauty, characteristic of all the gardens regardlessof historical differences among them. According to Assunto, gardens are places whichcombine together aesthetics, ethics, and logic. This combination determines theunique identity of the garden which takes various forms, depending on the individualpoetics of their makers, socio-historical realities, taste, and the correspondent ideas ofnature. Assunto’s starting points are thus historical versions of the garden, descriptiveliterature, and German philosophy of the turn of the 19th century. For the Italianphilosopher, gardens have not only historical and artistic, but also ecological aspects,so that they should be protected and restored. Assunto’s theory is a unique proposalwhich anticipates today’s reflection on the topic of gardens, but seems much moresatisfactory than many contemporary approaches (A. Berleant, M. Miller, S. Ross).
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Pierce, Joanna Tapp. "From garden to gardener: The cultivation of little girls in carroll'salicebooks and Ruskin's “of queens’ gardens”." Women's Studies 29, no. 6 (January 2000): 741–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00497878.2000.9979344.
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Ebrahimi, Ahad Nejad, Farnaz Nazarzadeh, and Elnaz Nazarzadeh. "PERSIAN GARDENS IN COLD AND DRY CLIMATE: A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ’S HISTORICAL GARDENS." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 10, no. 3 (November 28, 2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i3.925.
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Throughout history, gardens and garden designing has been in the attention of Persian architects who had special expertise in the construction of gardens. The appearance of Islam and allegories of paradise taken from that in Koran and Saints’ sayings gave spirituality to garden construction. Climate conditions have also had an important role in this respect but little research has been done about it and most of the investigations have referred to spiritual aspects and forms of garden. The cold and dry climate that has enveloped parts of West and North West of Iran has many gardens with different forms and functions, which have not been paid much attention to by studies done so far. The aim of this paper is to identify the features and specifications of cold and dry climate gardens with an emphasis on Tabriz’s Gardens. Due to its natural and strategic situation, Tabriz has always been in the attention of governments throughout history; travellers and tourists have mentioned Tabriz as a city that has beautiful gardens. But, the earthquakes and wars have left no remains of those beautiful gardens. This investigation, by a comparative study of the climates in Iran and the effect of those climates on the formation of gardens and garden design, tries to identify the features and characteristics of gardens in cold and dry climate. The method of study is interpretive-historical on the basis of written documents and historic features and field study of existing gardens in this climate. The results show that, with respect to natural substrate, vegetation, the form of water supply, and the general form of the garden; gardens in dry and cold climate are different from gardens in other climates.
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Davis, Michael Maks, Andrea Lorena Vallejo Espinosa, and Francisco Rene Ramirez. "Beyond green façades: active air-cooling vertical gardens." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 8, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-05-2018-0026.
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Purpose Vertical gardens offer multiple benefits in urban environments, including passive cooling services. Previous research explored the use of “active vertical gardens” as potential evaporative air-cooling units by developing a mathematical model based on the FAO-56 Penman Monteith equation. Further research showed that active vertical gardens function best by creating an airflow in the cavity behind the garden such that air is cooled by flowing over the water-saturated garden substrate. The purpose of this paper is to improve the quantification of active vertical garden performance. Design/methodology/approach A building-incorporated vertical garden was built in Quito, Ecuador, with an air inlet at the top of the garden, an air cavity behind the garden and where air was expelled from the base. Measurements were made of air temperature, humidity and velocity at the air inlet and outlet. Findings The active vertical garden cooled the air by an average of 8.1 °C with an average cooling capacity of 682.8 W. Including the effects of pre-cooling at the garden inlet, the garden cooled the air by an average of 14.3 °C with an average cooling capacity of 1,203.2 W. Originality/value The results are promising and support the potential for active vertical gardens to be incorporated into building services and climate control.
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Mohammadi, Hanieh, and Nima Valibeig. "THE ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTS GEOMETRY POSITION IN THE IRANIAN GARDEN STRUCTURE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 42, no. 2 (October 29, 2018): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2018.6138.
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Iranian garden has been known as a specific architecture in the whole world. Among all its special features, the geometrical structure of Iranian garden has always attracted the attention of architects and researchers. Nowadays, despite numerous studies on the Iranian gardens, the lack of geometrical studies and the extension of some old concepts have led to recognize the Iranian gardens based on a unique pattern in terms of geometry. This pattern has been known as an archetype and typifies the Iranian Garden Geometry as a quarter pattern. That it could not be a true hypothesis, because the impact of garden components on its structure has been neglected. Investigating geometric position of garden elements and their relationship with the general form of garden would provide more accurate theoretical basis for Iranian garden design. In addition, this approach could help experts to retrieve the ruined part of historical gardens. So far, extensive garden studies have been carried out more on the symbolic concepts, components introduction and typology according to times and locations. This article is the first attempt to study each common element’s geometry to realize how the spatial structures could be effective in the garden formation. This paper aims to recognize the architectural geometric logic of gardens based on library studies and field recordings.
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Kulhánková, Zora. "The work of Italian garden designer Pietro Porcinai." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 52, no. 1 (2004): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200452010217.
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Pietro Porcinai (1910 - 1986) was the Italy‘s most distinguished garden designer of the twentieth century. He was born in Settignano (Florence) and grew up in the ambience of Villa Gamberaia, where his father was a head gardener. He gained a diploma in agriculture in 1928 and left to the nothern Europe. He stopped in Germany where he worked a few years. In Belgium he met the new tendention of the „constructed garden“ and in Germany was influenced by Fritz Enchke and Karl Foerster. He started to practise in 1931. Pietro Porcinai was one of the founders of IFLA (International Federation of Landscape Architects) in 1948 and two years later he founded with Raffaele Vico and Michele Bussini the Italian Association of Landscape Architects (now AIAPP). Porcinai saw his method as the creation of garden spaces with plants, rather than architecture. There is 1,318 projects in his archive - private gardens, public parks, motorways, urban spaces, which reveal that his deep understanding of modern design was never surrended. In 1957 Porcinai bought Villa Rondinelli on a Fiesole hillside where he worked and lived until his death in 1986.
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Kohlleppel, Tammy C., Jennifer C. Bradley, and Steve Jacob. "525 A Walk through the Garden: Can a Visit to a Botanic Garden Reduce Stress?" HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 485E—485. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.485e.
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Stress has been called the epidemic of the 90s and has been found to play an important role in causing many diseases. To help cope with the stresses of life, people often seek out leisure activities and nature. Botanic gardens provide a place for experiencing recreational activities and the natural environment. Researchers at the Univ. of Florida developed a survey to gain insight into the influence of a botanic garden on visitor stress. Three botanic gardens in Florida participated in the survey of garden visitors; these included Bok Tower Gardens, Fairchild Tropical Garden, and Mounts Botanical Garden. More than 300 surveys were administered to and completed by visitors of these gardens in Apr. 1999. The survey consisted of three main sections: 1) visitor perceptions of botanic gardens, 2) visitor personal perceptions, and 3) demographic variables. A stress process model was developed that incorporated botanic gardens as a coping strategy. The relative importance of a visit to a botanic garden and other stress process factors were examined for their importance in stress reduction. Also, botanic gardens were placed in context of the stress process model with the development of a multivariate framework. The stress process model included individual factors, stressors, stress mediators, and stress outcomes. Findings from this study provided insight into the role of botanic gardens as a method to cope with the effects of stress. Results showed that a visit to a botanic garden is important in the context of the stress process model as a coping strategy. Data also showed that visitors receiving the most benefit of stress reduction were persons most needing a coping strategy, those having higher depression index scores.
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Hobbs, Jack, and Rebecca Stanley. "Garden Profile: Auckland Botanic Gardens." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 12 (October 29, 2014): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2014.20.
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Auckland Botanic Gardens is a relatively young botanic garden that opened in 1982 and covers 64 hectares in Manurewa, South Auckland. The plant collections include both exotic and New Zealand (NZ) native plants. The native plant collections are described and illustrated. The use of native plants for environmental and ecological enhancement is also explained.
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Pethybridge, Sarah J., Mark E. Nelson, Kenneth C. Eastwell, Robert E. Klein, Stephen T. Kenny, and Calum R. Wilson. "Incidence and Spatial Distribution of Viruses in Hop Gardens of Washington State." Plant Disease 86, no. 6 (June 2002): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.6.661.
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The incidences of Hop latent virus (HpLV), Hop mosaic virus (HpMV), and American hop latent virus (AHLV), members of the genus Carlavirus, and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Apple mosaic virus, members of the genus Ilarvirus, were assessed for two hop cultivars, Horizon and Nugget, in Washington State. The spatial distribution of plants infected by the carlaviruses was assessed in two Horizon gardens in 2000 and one Nugget garden in 1993, 1994, and 1995. In the first Horizon garden (garden 1) and the Nugget garden, plants were separated by 2.1 m within and between rows. In these gardens, cultivation and the wide plant spacing discouraged contact between plants in either direction. In the second Horizon garden (garden 2), plants were separated by 4.3 m between rows and 1.0 m within rows. In all gardens, mechanical operations operated predominantly along rows; however, the closer plant spacing within rows in garden 2 permitted contact between adjacent plants within rows. In both Horizon gardens, the distribution of plants infected with HpMV was aggregated within rows. However, the distribution of plants infected with HpLV and AHLV was strongly influenced by contact between plants. In the Nugget garden, the distribution of plants infected by all three carlaviruses was autocorrelated within rows by 1995.
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E. May, J., and B. E. Heterick. "Effects of the coastal brown ant Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius), on the ant fauna of the Perth metropolitan region, Western Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 6, no. 1 (2000): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000081.
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This paper reports on the apparent displacement of native and exotic ants from gardens in the Perth Metropolitan region by the coastal brown ant (Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius)). Twelve gardens were sampled, four with P. megacephala present, and eight (the controls) where the ant was judged to be absent. Eight out of the 26 ant species recorded (including the coastal brown ant) were introduced. Ninety-two per cent of pitfall trap contents comprised the four most abundant species: P. megacephala, lridomyrmex chasei (Forel), Tetramorium simillimum (F. Smith) and Paratrechina ?obscura (Mayr). Three of the four P. megacephala-dominated gardens were depauperate of almost all other ant species. The fourth P. megacephala-infested garden had a relatively small number of coastal brown ants (104), and the highest number of ant species was found in that garden. The removal of this outlier garden left an average range of one to three species for the other three P. megacephala-infested gardens. Control gardens had between five and 12 ant species. Total ant abundance ranged from an average of 1 027 per P. megacephala-infested garden (increasing to 1 171 if the outlier garden is removed) to 146 at control gardens. There was a significant difference both in ant richness and ant abundance between the controls and P. megacephala-infested gardens (P < 0.05). This remained the case when figures for coastal brown ants were excluded from calculations.
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van Heijnsbergen, E., A. van Deursen, M. Bouwknegt, J. P. Bruin, A. M. de Roda Husman, and J. A. C. Schalk. "Presence and Persistence of Viable, Clinically Relevant Legionella pneumophila Bacteria in Garden Soil in the Netherlands." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 17 (June 17, 2016): 5125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00595-16.
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ABSTRACTGarden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenicLegionellabacteria.Legionellabacteria were detected in 22 of 177 garden soil samples (12%) by amoebal coculture. Of these 22Legionella-positive soil samples, seven containedLegionella pneumophila. Several other species were found, including the pathogenicLegionella longbeachae(4 gardens) andLegionella sainthelensi(9 gardens). TheL. pneumophilaisolates comprised 15 different sequence types (STs), and eight of these STs were previously isolated from patients according to the European Working Group forLegionellaInfections (EWGLI) database. Six gardens that were found to be positive forL. pneumophilawere resampled after several months, and in three gardens,L. pneumophilawas again isolated. One of these gardens was resampled four times throughout the year and was found to be positive forL. pneumophilaon all occasions.IMPORTANCETracking the source of infection for sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease (LD) has proven to be hard.L. pneumophilaST47, the sequence type that is most frequently isolated from LD patients in the Netherlands, is rarely found in potential environmental sources. AsL. pneumophilaST47 was previously isolated from a garden soil sample during an outbreak investigation, garden soils were investigated as reservoirs and potential sources of pathogenicLegionellabacteria. The detection of viable, clinically relevantLegionellastrains indicates that garden soil is a potential source ofLegionellabacteria, and future research should assess the public health implication of the presence ofL. pneumophilain garden soil.
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Rae, David. "The Value of Living Collection Catalogues and Catalogues Produced From the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh." Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, no. 6 (October 31, 2008): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2008.38.
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Many botanic gardens produce catalogues of plants growing in their gardens on either a regular or ad hoc basis. These catalogues are useful for reference and archive purposes and their production has added benefits such as the necessity to stocktake the collection and clarify nomenclature prior to publication. Many now also contain interesting introductory material such as collection statistics, histories of the gardens and information about significant plants in the collection. This paper describes the value of producing catalogues, reviews four diverse approaches to catalogues (from the Arnold Arboretum, Ness Botanic Gardens, Oxford Botanic Garden and Utrecht Botanic Garden) and then describes the catalogues produced by the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, before culminating in a description of Edinburgh’s 2006 Catalogue.
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Fleener, A. W., C. W. Robinson, J. D. Williams, and M. Kraska. "Literature in the Garden Curriculum Effects on Life Skills of Children." HortTechnology 21, no. 4 (August 2011): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.4.424.
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Children's gardens have recently been shown to increase life skills. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects that gardening/plant activities from the Junior Master Gardener curriculum, Literature in the Garden, have on children's life skills. The life skills examined were leadership, teamwork, self-understanding, decision-making skills, and communication skills. About 130 third-grade students from a Lee County, AL, school participated in the study. Students were equally divided into control and experimental groups, and each student was given the youth life skills inventory (YLSI) as a pre- and posttest. The experimental group participated in eight gardening/plant activities after the pretest, whereas the control group did not complete the activities. No significant differences were found between pretests and posttests for teamwork, self-understanding, decision making, communication, and overall life skills. Significant decreases from pretest to posttest were found on leadership skills for the experimental group. Several trends were observed with students who read more for fun, read more each week, and read more garden books generally increasing in life skills.
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Hoel, Heidi L. "Developing a Usage Plan for a University Teaching Garden." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 910G—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.910g.
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The Allen Centennial Gardens are located at the Univ. of Wisconsin–Madison on the grounds of the National Historical site, the house of the first four deans of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The 2.5-acre garden, developed and managed primarily by the Dept. of Horticulture, replaced the old teaching and display garden space taken over in building additions. Within the past 10 years the grounds have been designed and transformed into a garden, with 26 individual collection gardens, including: turf, fruit and vegetable gardens, classic ornamental gardens (with both herbaceous and woody perennials), and a rock alpine garden. As it receives its finishing touches, an education plan is being developed to complement the education purpose of the garden; the goal of the garden is to become an active site for learning through both observation and interaction with the garden collections. The two main themes of the learning experience are: 1) the biology of the diverse and unique plant collections (including: culture, practices, and production), and 2) the aesthetics of the garden (the organization of space, form, topography, and color). Implementation of education programs will occur on the following four levels: first the university (first the horticulture department, second other departments and university functions); second, area high schools groups; third, community and professional groups; and fourth, elementary school groups. The education programs will include mapping, internships, classes, meetings, volunteerism, and tours. The Allen Centennial Gardens, with its education mission, has already and will continue to be a meeting grounds for the university community, and a meetings ground for both the professional community and Madison-area community.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Information Sources Used by Garden Writers." HortTechnology 9, no. 3 (January 1999): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.3.451.
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Results of a national survey indicated that the top four sources of information used by garden writers for new or appropriate plants were nursery catalogs, botanical and public gardens, seed company catalogs, and gardening magazines. More than 50% of the participating garden writers reportedly used these four sources a lot. The most frequently used books and magazines were Horticulture Magazine (34.6%), Manual of Woody Landscape Plants (24.1%), and Fine Gardening (23.7%). About 29% of the garden writers used the World Wide Web to source information and the two most widely used type of sites were universities and botanical gardens and arboreta. A high percentage of garden writers desire greater or more frequent communications with botanical gardens and arboreta (90.4%), university personnel (87.4%), and plant producers (86.3%).
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Bernardon, Renata, Bethsáida De Abreu Soares Schmitz, Elisabetta Gioconda Iole Recine, Maria De Lourdes Carlos Ferreirinha Rodrigues, and Cristine Garcia Gabriel. "School Gardens in the Distrito Federal, Brazil." Revista de Nutrição 27, no. 2 (April 2014): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000200007.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to identify experiences with gardens in public schools in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, and to analyze factors involved in their use to promote healthy eating habits. METHODS: This is an analytical cross-sectional study with data collection in two phases: (1) telephone contact with all public schools in the Distrito Federal; (2) interviews conducted with a sample of schools with a garden (n=105). RESULTS: Of the 582 schools in the Distrito Federal, 453 (77.8%) participated in phase 1 and 37.7% of these had a garden. Rural schools had a higher prevalence of gardens (p=0.003). Among the schools which had no garden, 75.2% (n=212) had interest in creating one. The main reason for the deactivation of gardens was a lack of manpower to maintain them. The main reason for creating a garden was to supplement school food (56.2%). The garden was used as an educational space to promote healthy eating habits by 60.8% of the schools. CONCLUSION: An expressive percentage of schools with gardens (37.7%) was identified in the Distrito Federal. A number of factors were associated with the presence of a garden, including the location and size of the school, as well as the level of education. A significant percentage of schools reported using the garden as a space to promote healthy eating habits. This result must be refined by assessing the use and impact of gardens as a tool to promote healthy eating habits in the school community.
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Braschler, Brigitte, Valerie Zwahlen, José D. Gilgado, Hans-Peter Rusterholz, and Bruno Baur. "Owners’ Perceptions Do Not Match Actual Ground-Dwelling Invertebrate Diversity in Their Gardens." Diversity 13, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13050189.
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Urban gardens are important for human well-being, biodiversity and other ecosystem functions. Biodiversity-promoting initiatives would benefit from their owners being aware of the state of biodiversity in their gardens. We examined whether garden owners’ perceptions match actual biodiversity in their gardens and whether perceptions are influenced by the owners’ ecological knowledge. We used a structured interview to assess the motivations and biodiversity knowledge of owners of 33 domestic gardens in the city of Basel (Switzerland) and related them to a survey of native plants and several groups of ground-dwelling invertebrates in their gardens. Owners showed different priorities, with promotion of habitat for biodiversity, receiving, on average, higher scores than cultivation, recreation and garden designing. Owners prioritizing biodiversity promotion had gardens with high habitat richness. The garden owners’ perceptions of both native plant and overall invertebrate diversity were not correlated with actual diversity data for native plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates. The perceptions of the abundance of invertebrate groups by garden owners with good biodiversity knowledge were not more accurate than those from owners with less knowledge. Despite their willingness, many owners do not know all the opportunities to promote biodiversity. Initiatives to further biodiversity-friendly gardening should thus transfer knowledge.
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Yun, Jiayan, Wenbo Yu, and Hao Wang. "Exploring the Distribution of Gardens in Suzhou City in the Qianlong Period through a Space Syntax Approach." Land 10, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060659.
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This study explored the spatial distribution of Suzhou gardens in the Qianlong period (AD 1736–1796) through an innovative method combining spatial syntax and historical textual analysis. Through a spatial syntax approach, a stress axis model analysis suggested that the greater the degree of integration and prosperity of a street, the denser the distribution of gardens surrounding it. A canal axis model analysis indicated that more gardens were built around canals that were less integrated and had less traffic. The accuracy and reliability of the axis model analysis results were validated using historical documents and images. The following was observed: (1) Gardens were densely distributed in the prosperous commercial areas at the northern and southern ends of Suzhou City. The more prosperous the location of a garden, the greater the influence on its popularity. (2) Gardens were concentrated in residential areas with booming businesses. (3) Large numbers of gardens were built along canals with poor traffic functions. Building gardens by diverting water into them reflected the complementary relationship between urban geographical characteristics and garden-building techniques. (4) Gardens promoted commercial development, and commerce drove the preservation and continuation of gardens. The findings revealed the complementary relationship between garden preservation and commercial development.
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Gardner, Renee, V. "Long term hematopoeitic damage after chemotherapy and cytokine." Frontiers in Bioscience 4, no. 1-3 (1999): e47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/gardner.
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Turner-Hill, Baerbel, Christian Ludwig, and Lena Böttger. "Teaching in the Garden: School Gardens as a Space for Environmental and English Learning." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 12, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2021.12.1.4007.
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School gardens as settings for learning outside the classroom are becoming increasingly popular. They allow students to learn in an authentic way as they engage in a variety of activities and materials. More importantly, they also represent a powerful place and tool for environmental education as students are not only exposed to nature but also gain positive environmental experiences. This paper examines school gardens as a place for both enhancing students’ English language competences and fostering critical environmental literacy. The first section of the paper focuses on garden-based education as a type of learning outside the classroom. The ensuing section then provides a brief discussion of school gardens as learning spaces across the curriculum, arguing that school gardens are far more than places for learning about nutrition and healthy living. Following this, the next section then argues for using school gardens also for learning English as a foreign language. Here Gardner’s multiple intelligences model serves to illustrate the potential of school gardens for differentiated instruction regarding content, processes, and products in today’s increasingly diverse learning groups. The main part of the paper then concentrates on garden-based education in the context of EFL teacher training. At the University of Education Karlsruhe (Germany) students have the opportunity to attend a school garden-based seminar which allows them to experience first hand the benefits of learning English as a foreign language in the school garden. The paper concludes by taking a glimpse into the future of school garden learning by reporting on the authors’ experiences with using technology in the context of garden-based education.
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Hamilton, Susan L. "The Roles of the University of Tennessee Gardens in a Public Horticulture Teaching Program." HortTechnology 9, no. 4 (January 1999): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.4.552.
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The University of Tennessee's undergraduate and graduate public horticulture concentrations are new programs designed to prepare individuals for careers in public horticulture that emphasize people and their education and enjoyment of plants. These new programs could not exist without the educational resources of the university's gardens. The gardens play a variety of roles in supporting faculty, undergraduate, and graduate students in these programs. The gardens serve as an outdoor laboratory and classroom and provide on-campus opportunities for the following teaching and learning activities: plant identification; plant photography; garden design; plant use; garden maintenance internships; special problem topics (e.g., production of annual variety trials, planting and labeling trials, writing garden literature, and creating interpretive displays); mapping and cataloging plants; and garden writing. Only through a university-based garden could opportunities to engage students in such meaningful learning experiences occur providing them with the competitive edge for entering the public horticulture field.
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Cunha, Ana Raquel, Ana Luísa Soares, Miguel Brilhante, Pedro Arsénio, Teresa Vasconcelos, Dalila Espírito-Santo, Maria Cristina Duarte, and Maria Manuel Romeiras. "Natural and Historical Heritage of the Lisbon Botanical Gardens: An Integrative Approach with Tree Collections." Plants 10, no. 7 (July 4, 2021): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071367.
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Botanical gardens have long contributed to plant science and have played a leading role in ex situ conservation, namely of threatened tree species. Focusing on the three botanical gardens of Lisbon (i.e., Botanical Garden of Ajuda—JBA, Lisbon Botanical Garden—JBL, and Tropical Botanical Garden—JBT), this study aims to reveal their natural heritage and to understand the historical motivations for their creation. Our results showed that these gardens contain a total of 2551 tree specimens, corresponding to 462 taxa, within 80 plant families. Of these, 85 taxa are found in the three gardens, and more than half of the taxa are hosted in JBL (334 taxa), whereas 230 and 201 taxa were recorded in JBT and JBA, respectively. The motivations for the creation of each garden are reflected in the different geographic origins of the trees they host in their living collections. The Palearctic species are dominant in JBA and JBL, and Tropical trees prevail in JBT. With more than 250 years of history, these gardens hold an invaluable natural and historical heritage, with their living collections providing valuable sources of information for the conservation of threatened plant species, at local and global scales.
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Somerset, Shawn, and Antoine Bossard. "Variations in prevalence and conduct of school food gardens in tropical and subtropical regions of north-eastern Australia." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 9 (September 2009): 1485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008004552.
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AbstractObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and usage of food gardens in primary schools in three distinct climatic regions of north-eastern Australia.DesignCross-sectional surveys combining quantitative and qualitative data collection. Two separate telephone questionnaires were developed and implemented, according to the presence or absence of a food garden within the school. Main outcome measures were answers to scaled response and open-ended questions related to factors supporting and inhibiting the establishment and sustainability of school food gardens.SettingAll state primary schools in three disparate regions of the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland were asked to participate in the study.ResultsA total of 71 % (n 128) of schools agreed to participate. Of these, thirty-seven primary schools had functioning food gardens. The variations in prevalence between regions combined with respondent views indicated climate as a major factor affecting the success of food gardens. Gardens were often used as a tool by schools to teach science, environment or social skills. Gardening activities were generally linked to curriculum studies on plants, fruit and vegetable intake, and healthy eating. The main issues for schools and teachers in establishing food gardens were the time required and the lack of personnel to coordinate garden activities. Of the schools with food gardens, 92 % believed their garden had been a success.ConclusionsThe study revealed strong grass-roots support for school-based food gardens. Although climate and location were important factors associated with the presence of a functioning food garden, respondents nominated teacher involvement and sustained motivation as essential factors for successful school food gardens.
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Athanasiadou. "Historic Gardens and Parks Worldwide and in Greece: Principles of Acknowledgement, Conservation, Restoration and Management." Heritage 2, no. 4 (September 20, 2019): 2678–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2040165.
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The International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) Florence Charter 1981 on Historic Gardens sets the first guidelines for the definition of a historic garden, in which sites such as large parks, whether formal or landscape, are included. Since then, there is a continuous effort worldwide on issues of historic garden acknowledgement, conservation, restoration and management. Countries with garden and park tradition, such as the U.K., USA, France and others, have several sites registered and protected. Furthermore, historic garden and park associations exist in Italy, Spain and Portugal, among other nations. In Greece, there is no specific official policy or association regarding historic parks, gardens or landscapes. Greek law includes historic gardens and parks within the spectrum of works of art, places of outstanding natural beauty and historic places/lands for partial or absolute protection, and, thus, attempts in identifying historic landscapes fall generally in other categories, but law specified for historic gardens. However, in both the Greek ratification of the European Landscape Convention and the European Biodiversity directives, there are aspects one could interpret as very useful for the acknowledgement and policy-making on historic gardens and parks. In this paper, an overview on historic gardens and parks abroad and in Greece is attempted, along with aspects of acknowledgement, protection, conservation, restoration and management. Finally, a first attempt on methodological outlines for the acknowledgement and conservation of historic gardens and parks in Greece is presented.
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Pradines, Stephane, and Sher Rahmat Khan. "Fāṭimid gardens: archaeological and historical perspectives." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 79, no. 3 (October 2016): 473–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x16000586.
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AbstractThis article is the first systematic investigation on the location, layout, design and functions of Fāṭimid gardens. Our study is based on primary sources and focuses on different elements of the recreational and ceremonial functions of gardens. Very little is known about the layout of the royal Fāṭimid gardens because no garden has survived or been excavated so far as we are aware. However, we collected physical insights on the layout and shape of these Fāṭimid gardens through different archaeological excavations in Cairo and outside of Egypt, including our recent discoveries and the garden that we found in Darrāsa.
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Verkade, Stephehs D., and Arlene Marturano. "Conception and Development of the Carolina Children's Garden." HortScience 33, no. 4 (July 1998): 593f—594. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.593f.
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The Clemson University Sandhill Research and Education Center is one of four branch stations of the South Carolina Agriculture and Forestry Research System, with a mission to conduct research and extension education programs in urban ecology. The Carolina Children's Garden has been created in partnership with other state agencies, funding sources, and volunteers as a site for environmental education. Learning from gardens and landscapes has steadily decreased since the late 1940s and today the average child spends 6 hours at indoor pursuits at school, an equal number at the television or computer screen at home, leaving little time for outdoor exploration. Recently, children's gardens have been established around the county as resources to reconnect children with their environment. The 2-acre Carolina Children's Garden is an interpretive framework for visitors to experience gardening as a tool for bringing families in touch with nature, each other, and local environmental issues. A volunteer team designed and installed eight theme gardens, an entertainment stage, and picnic area as the first phase of this garden. Themes include Mesozoic Memories Dinosaur Garden, Three Bears Garden, Growing Healthy Garden, Butterfly Garden, McGregor's Garden, and Alphabet Garden. The development of the garden has generated community interest and positive media exposure, inspires lifelong appreciation of the natural environment, encourages replication of ideas, and facilitates family recreation in a learning environment.
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Gorham, M. R., T. M. Waliczek, A. Snelgrove, and J. M. Zajicek. "The Impact of Community Gardens on Numbers of Property Crimes in Urban Houston." HortTechnology 19, no. 2 (January 2009): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.2.291.
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Research has suggested that city environments with more green space may have lower crime levels. For this pilot study, 11 established community gardens in Houston, TX, were selected and mapped using ArcGIS 9.1 software. The numbers of property crimes reported in the 2005 crime data from the Houston Police Department surrounding the community garden areas at a distance of 1/8 mile were then tallied and mapped for the areas. The numbers of crimes were evaluated alongside demographic data from the 2000 U.S. Census. Statistical comparisons were made between community garden areas and randomly selected city areas that were within a 1-mile area surrounding each garden. Initial results of paired t tests indicated no statistically significant differences between the mean number of crime occurrences in community garden areas and the mean number of crimes in randomly selected areas. Results from a linear regression analysis also indicated that the presence of a community garden was not a predictor of a lower crime rate for a neighborhood. Adjustments were then made by removing randomly selected areas that were demographically least like their respective community gardens. Results from further analysis indicated that there were no crime number differences between the community garden areas and the randomly selected areas. However, interviews conducted with community garden representatives showed that community gardens appeared to have a positive influence on neighborhoods, with residents reporting neighborhood revitalization, perceived immunity from crime, and neighbors emulating gardening practices they saw at the community gardens.
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Mulyadi, Budi. "Perbandingan Taman Jepang Dan Taman Jawa." KIRYOKU 3, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v3i1.8-16.
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(Title: Comparison Of Japanese Garden And Java Garden). The purpose of this paper is to find out the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden This research is research model that use literary review research model to collect the data. The paper shows that there are the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden. Seen from the concept Japanese Gardens do not recognize straight or symmetrical lines. Japanese gardens are deliberately designed asymmetric so that none of the elements become dominant while the Java garden concept is more concerned with beauty by planting many types of flowers that contain elements of philosophy seen from its elements, Japanese garden has 7 elements, namely water, stone, plants, water containers, bridges, sand and lanterns while the Java park has water elements, plants, buildings and organisms
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Tang, Shilan, and Jinghui Liang. "The Regional Characteristics and Development of Plant Landscape Construction in Sichuan Garden." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 05055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019405055.
Full textAbstract:
Sichuan garden is one of the important regional schools in Chinese classical gardens. The construction of plant landscape in Sichuan gardens show obvious regional characteristics. By sorting out the types of the Sichuan gardens, this paper selects the representative classical gardens and modern gardens in Sichuan area as research cases to study plant landscape construction. From the perspective of landscape architecture and urban natural ecological environment, this paper summarizes the regional characteristics of Sichuan gardens in the construction of plant landscape, and explores the role of Sichuan regional plant landscape construction in displaying the local regional culture, improving the quality of life of urban residents, the urban living environment and urban ecological environment. Taking Du Fu Thatched Cottage, Qingyang Palace, Wenshu Temple and Living-water Garden in Chengdu as examples, this paper analyses the regional construction methods of plant landscape in Sichuan gardens, summarizes the regional characteristics of plant landscape construction in Sichuan gardens, in order to provide reference for the improvement of urban ecological environment.