Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gas boiler room

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Gas boiler room'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gas boiler room"

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Yang, Xing Sen, Jing Yin, Ke Liu, and Jian Dong. "Gas Analysis of Boiler Bottom Room above Water Seal." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.516.

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The gas composition of boiler bottom room above the water-seal is very important to the steady operation of utility boilers in thermal power plant. As the water seal keeps air from entering the bottom room of the boiler, the gas there is comparatively enclosed. Coal particles fall down into the water from main burning area with high temperature. There is the possibility that carbon at high temperature react with water to produce combustible gases such as CO. When large quantities of slag fall down from the furnace into the water seal, the furnace pressure fluctuates widely and sharply, which leads to the flame out of the boiler quite often. The understanding of gas composition of the bottom room above water seal would help to find the reason of the pressure fluctuation. On the other hand, the gas composition above the water seal is the basic information that is deeded to research the whole burning process of coal particles and to maintain the steady operation state of boilers. Measurements were made to reveal the gas composition above the water seal. Temperature of gas just above the water seal was also measured. According to the measurement, CO concentration of high than 1000ppm was detected and the gas composition under normal state was analyzed.
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Setiawan, Syahrul Fajar, and Aqli Mursadin. "ANALISIS PERPINDAHAN PANAS PADA EKONOMISER DI PLTU PULANG PISAU." JTAM ROTARY 2, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtam_rotary.v2i1.2000.

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Ekonomiser adalah alat yang digunakan untuk memanaskan air umpan sebelum memasuki boiler dengan memanfaatkan panas dari gas pembakaran di boiler. Dengan meningkatnya suhu air pengisi boiler, juga diharapkan meningkatkan efisiensi boiler. Dalam penelitian ini, pengumpulan data dilakukan di ruang kontrol dan data yang diambil, yaitu Tc.i (suhu economizer air yang masuk), Tc.o (suhu air keluar dari economizer), Th.i (suhu gas buang sebelum memasuki economizer) dan Th.o (suhu gas asap keluar dari economizer). Koefisien perpindahan panas tertinggi 4260.492 Btu / h.ft2. ° F dan koefisien perpindahan panas terendah 4251.243 Btu / h.ft2. ° F. Efisiensi tertinggi 87,43% dan terendah 80,76%. Economizer is a tool used to heat feed water before entering boiler by utilizing heat from the combustion gas in the boiler. With the increasing temperature of boiler filler water, it is also expected to increase boiler efficiency. In this study, data collection was carried out in the control room and the data that was taken, Tc.i (the temperature of the incoming water economizer), Tc.o (the exit water temperature of the economizer), Th.i (flue gas temperature before entering economizer) and Th.o (flue gas temperature exit the economizer). High heat transfer coefficient 4260,492 Btu/h.ft2.°F and low heat transfer coefficient 4251,243 Btu/h.ft2.°F. Highest the efficiency 87,43 % and the lowest 80,76 %.
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Bailescu, Catalin, Vlad Iordache, Florin Iordache, and Adrian Marin. "Experimental Investigation of the Relationship Between Noise Level and Thermal Power Inside the Boiler Plant – Study Case." Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mmce-2019-0001.

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Abstract The acoustic comfort of a building or house is typically given little or no attention during project planning and design. This study is aimed at quantifying noise pollution from a building technical room. To attain the research specified result, simultaneous measurements were recorded for the gas flow and noise level in the boiler room. The noise levels were recorded for different operation statuses of the boilers (different thermal loads). It was observed that noise level depends on the thermal load: the increase of thermal load is directly proportional to the noise level inside the plant room). Further, the measured values of the noise level were compared with literature predicted values and the maximum limit values from the Romanian norm. These research findings are useful for mechanical design engineers and architects in order to assure the noise protection and fulfill the residents’ expectations.
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ORUMBAYEV, Rakhimzhan K., Andrey A. KIBARIN, Balzhan T. BAKHTIYAR, Arman S. KASSIMOV, and Maxim S. KOROBKOV. "RESEARCH OF COMBUSTION MODES DURING LAYER-BURNING OF SHUBARKUL COAL ON THE FIRE GRATE WITH THE HAND FURNACE OF THE KSVR-0.43 HOT WATER BOILER." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 36 (December 20, 2020): 856–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.871_periodico36_pgs_856_870.pdf.

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Experience shows that the trend towards using solid fuels in the energy sector of Kazakhstan will be implemented for a rather long time. At the same time, the global trend is currently tightening environmental requirements. They set the task to continue improving coal combustion efficiency and minimize emissions of harmful substances and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This article aims to conduct complex thermal engineering tests of the KCVr-0.43 hot water boiler. For this, the following measurement and control tools were used: the standard boiler room secondary devices, an industrial gas analyzer Testo-350, a control (reading) module Testo-454 with temperature probes and a Pitot tube, a soot number meter Testo-308, a temperature meter 2TPM1, a portable liquid flow meter Vzlet-PRC and a stopwatch. All they had valid verification and calibration certificates. An analysis of the gas composition and technical parameters of the KCVr-0.43 hot water boiler in the investigated operation mode with Shubarkul coal during a long-term test showed that it seems possible to operate boilers of this series under low load conditions without boosting air and fuel. They can reduce emissions of toxic NOx and greenhouse gases CO2 into the atmosphere. In this case, burning Shubarkul coal without forcing through the air is characterized by significant carbon monoxide CO emissions. The formed nitrogen oxides NOx decompose in reactions with CO with the formation of molecular nitrogen and oxygen. Burning, coke residue in the layer, coal-burning stages, emissions of harmful substances.
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Pashkevich, Volodymyr, Yuriy Furdas, Volodymyr Craiovsky, and Vasyl Zhelykh. "Evaluation of natural gas saving measures in public educational institutions." Energy engineering and control systems 6, no. 2 (2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jeecs2020.02.088.

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The article analyzes the data of gas consumption for the heating periods and confirms that for the actual outdoor air temperatures there is a decrease in gas consumption. Necessary heat loads and gas consumption were determined to ensure the required indoor air temperature in the premises of the educational buildings with the proposed mode of gas savings by lowering the indoor air temperature, the so-called economical mode of operation of the boiler room. The theoretical economy of gas from lowering the temperature regime is determined. To increase the accuracy of the experiment, the comparison of the amount of gas consumed was performed in terms of working and non-working periods of the day. Based on these studies, it should be noted that the actual plot can be used to determine the actual gas savings in real conditions.
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Iliev, Iliya, Krisztina Uzuneanu, Veselka Kamburova, and Vassil Voutev. "Study of integral characteristics and efficiency of a heat exchanger of thermosyphon type with finned tubes." Thermal Science 20, suppl. 5 (2016): 1227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci16s5227i.

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The experimental research aims at the analysis of the thermal performance of a gas-liquid heat exchanger in a pilot plant. Results of the conducted experiment with a finned tubes thermosyphon heat exchanger using natural gas are presented. The installation was mounted at the exit of a flue gas from an existing steam generator ?PK-4? with total power of 2.88 MW in the boiler room of Vini, Sliven, Bulgaria. Different experiments were carried out at different loads of the steam generator in order to determine the efficiency of the heat exchanger. Based on these results the coefficient of heat transfer of flue gas to the finned tubes was determined, based on different modes of operation with crossed and straight pipe bundles. The effectiveness-number of transfer units method was used.
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Bai, Peng Bo, Yu Ming Xing, and Ze Wang. "Experiment Study and Simulation Research for the Atomization Characteristics of the Internal-Mixing Twin-Fluid Atomizer." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 1075–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.1075.

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The internal-mixing twin-fluid atomizer has found wide application in aerospace, industrial gas turbine, oil-fired boiler, energy field and so on. The atomization characteristics of internal mixing nozzle under different operating conditions are studied by utilizing the Malvern laser particle size analyzer. According to the experiment results, the influence of air pressure, hydraulic pressure and air-liquid ratio to droplet size and uniformity are analyzed. The three-dimensional flow field model of internal mixing nozzle is built to simulate the droplet size of mixing room and outlet by Fluent. The simulation results show that the droplet size decreases along with the increase of the air pressure and the air-liquid ratio, moreover, the air pressure plays a main actor. The droplet size increases in the mixing room, and then decrease sharply at the domain of the outlet. The droplet size of the nozzle’s outlet obtained in simulation matches the experimental result.
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Yang, Shuo, Daniel Homa, Hanna Heyl, Logan Theis, John Beach, Billy Dudding, Glen Acord, Dwyn Taylor, Gary Pickrell, and Anbo Wang. "Application of Sapphire-Fiber-Bragg-Grating-Based Multi-Point Temperature Sensor in Boilers at a Commercial Power Plant." Sensors 19, no. 14 (July 21, 2019): 3211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143211.

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Readily available temperature sensing in boilers is necessary to improve efficiencies, minimize downtime, and reduce toxic emissions for a power plant. The current techniques are typically deployed as a single-point measurement and are primarily used for detection and prevention of catastrophic events due to the harsh environment. In this work, a multi-point temperature sensor based on wavelength-multiplexed sapphire fiber Bragg gratings (SFBGs) were fabricated via the point-by-point method with a femtosecond laser. The sensor was packaged and calibrated in the lab, including thermally equilibrating at 1200 °C, followed by a 110-h, 1000 °C stability test. After laboratory testing, the sensor system was deployed in both a commercial coal-fired and a gas-fired boiler for 42 days and 48 days, respectively. The performance of the sensor was consistent during the entire test duration, over the course of which it measured temperatures up to 950 °C (with some excursions over 1000 °C), showing the survivability of the sensor in a field environment. The sensor has a demonstrated measurement range from room temperature to 1200 °C, but the maximum temperature limit is expected to be up to 1900 °C, based on previous work with other sapphire based temperature sensors.
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Bennett, George, Cliff Elwell, and Tadj Oreszczyn. "Space heating operation of combination boilers in the UK: The case for addressing real-world boiler performance." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 1 (August 20, 2018): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418794552.

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Residential space and water heating account for 23% of UK final energy demand and combination gas boilers are the dominant technology. Performance gap issues in gas boiler systems have been reported, with previous studies unable to isolate or quantify root causes for performance issues, hampered by indirect and coarse measurement methods. Utilising high-frequency data, through state-of-the-art boiler diagnostics from 221 UK combination boilers, assumptions in efficiency standards are challenged. Total heating energy consumption and number of hot water tappings are in line with national expectations but the observed cycling behaviour of boilers gives cause for concern due to links with lower performance and higher emissions. Most combi-boilers appear oversized for space heating and despite available modulation are unable to prevent rapid on–off cycling. Per day, half of combi boilers studied average more than 50 starts and 70% of starts average less than 10 min during space heating operation. Cycling contradicts assumptions in efficiency testing standards, which assume steady state operation, weighted by full and part power measurements. Addressing oversizing and excessive boiler cycling provides an opportunity to quickly and significantly reduce emissions associated with heating, at low cost through the ongoing replacement of millions of boilers. Practical application: Lessons learned from this research regarding the detrimental performance issues seen in gas combi boilers are directly applicable to the topics of boiler specification for building service engineers and installers, such as guidelines in CIBSE Guide A, 1 CE54 Whole house boiler sizing method 2 and legislation set out in BoilerPlus from the Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Plant size ratio, radiator hydraulic layout and controls can all contribute to the rapid cycling seen in the data and can all be influenced by building service professionals. Boiler modulation range is also crucial and manufacturers need to be aware of the benefits of extending modulation in new products.
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Zeghib, I., and A. Chaker. "Efficiency of a Solar Hydronic Space Heating System under the Algerian Climate." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 6 (December 18, 2016): 1274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.875.

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Hydronic heating systems supplied by renewable energy sources are one of the main solutions for substituting fossil fuel and natural gas consumption. This paper presents the development of modeling and analysis of a solar hydronic heating system in an existing single-family house built in 1990’s heated by low-temperature radiators. The simulation has been used to study the potential of using this system under climatic conditions in Algeria. And for this purpose, a component based on the simulation model for the thermal behavior of each component of the system are carried out in order to evaluate the economic performance for this system. The system is compared, with a conventional high-temperature boiler system. The results indicated that single-family houses could be heated with solar hydronic heating and provided an acceptable level of thermal comfort in the room with 22°C, according to the results of the analysis, the solar energy covers only 20.8% of the total energy consumption in a single-family house. Furthermore, the thermal performance of the heating conventional system can be largely improved up to 15%.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gas boiler room"

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Hosnedl, Pavel. "Kotelna spalující zemní plyn." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232697.

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This master thesis deals with problems of determining operational and safety risks at gas boiler room in office building with total output of 4×49 kW. The gas boiler room is equipped with four boilers Geminox THRi 10-50. The aim of this master thesis is to determine the potential operational and safety risks of gas boiler room. The master thesis is divided into several parts, when the first part is describing the current situation with some theoretical knowledge and risk analysis. This part also outlines possible solutions for identification and quantification of risks to the gas boiler room. The specific risk factors are determined at other part of master thesis and there is also their analysis, which is solved by cause and effect diagram and by Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. The specific precautions are suggested for chosen risks in final part of master thesis.
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Červeňak, Dušan. "Návrh kotle na dřevní štěpku zapojeného v plynové kotelně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230443.

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This thesis describes the design of boilers for wood chips in a gas boiler house. Consisting of boiler house design from concept design suitable heat source to design components necessary for the proper functionality of the boiler house. Part of thesis is compilation of a functional diagram and design of possible solutions.
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Petrovský, Jiří. "Budišov-studie kotelny na biomasu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227945.

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This dissertation contains a comparison of the real possibilities for heating reconstruction and TUV reheating in three public buildings (located nearby one another) in Budišov township, with resulting recommendations of the best options for local operating conditions. The dissertation contains calculations of heating requirements for particular buildings, a generic theoretical part which summarizes basic data concerning long-term fuels (biomass and natural gas), proposals for technical solutions to heating sourcing concerning these fuels and its prospective distribution from a central boiler house, and its reciprocal comparison from the perspective of the economics of actual realization and operation, and from a perspective of fuel availability and ecology.
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Navrátil, Marek. "Monitorovací systém kotelny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376949.

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Thisdiplomathesisdealswiththedesignofamonitoringsystemforsolidfuelboilers.The first describes the sensors most commonly used in boilers room including a description of the principle of operation. The main content of the thesis is the design of the own boiler monitoring system. First the appropriate structure of the entire system is selected followed by the detailed design of individual parts of the device electronic wiring and selection of suitable sensors. The result of the thesis is the basis for the production of the proposed device and created service program.
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Svobodová, Veronika. "Návrh tepelného zdroje lokální soustavy CZT." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401565.

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The diploma thesis is focused on district heat supply, heat sources, machinery and safety equipment of boiler rooms. The main goal of the thesis is to modernize parts of the heat sources with the respective boiler room equipment in accordance with the latest available technology. The generated thermal energy is used for heating or hot water production for residential and non-residential buildings in the vicinity of the boiler room. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses in more detail on boiler rooms, specifically on heat energy sources, machinery and safety equipment of boiler rooms, system ventilation and combustion exhaust. The findings are applied in the design of the new boiler room layout. It is followed by a detailed description of the current state of the boiler room and heat networks. An essential part of the work is the assessment of layout of the current heat sources and the creation of a new design for the replacement of insufficient sources and related equipment. The last goal is an economic overview of the designed project solution.
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Macík, Ondřej. "Řešení strojoven u zdrojů tepla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392040.

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The content of diploma thesis is a solution for heating and warm water preparation with application of an experimental measuring. My experimental measuring is experimental block. The block unifies parts of heating in boiler room in one system. The main object of this diploma was to learn to control the block and to measure important working status. In the second part was applied in first variant normal connection of boiler and in second variant was applied the block. The teoretical part is description of normal connection of boiler and development from other block systems to experimental block.
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Bílek, Martin. "Akumulace energie v systémech TZB." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226852.

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The subject of this thesis is energy storage systems in building services. In the first part the theoretical acquaintance with the nature of energy storage. In the second part has two variants preparation hot water in an apartment building. In the third part of the test solution storage tank of hot water. Development of computational algorithms, comparison of calculation used and the final summary.
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Lillesve, Peter. "Analysis of Energy Saving Proposals at St. Louis County Jail." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7517.

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The goal of this project was to evaluate three main proposals, by the Property Management Department (PMD) of St. Louis County, which the department hoped would reduce energy consumption at their Duluth Jail facility. This particular facility was opened in 1995 and houses approximately 170 inmates. Despite its relatively new construction, the building produces some of the highest utility bills of all of the County’s buildings.

The proposals put forth by the PMD were the following: to reduce natural gas consumption by using solar water heating for the domestic hot water; to reduce heating and cooling costs by enclosing a light well which is currently open to the sky with a transparent, insulated roof; and to utilize a white roof to reduce cooling demand during the summertime.

The solar water heating proposal was evaluated by determining the energy the solar system could provide annually and comparing these energy- and monetary savings to the cost of the system. Two solar options were evaluated; one system with 20 collectors and another with 50. Both systems also included condensing boilers to provide supplementary heating during times of low solar output. The annual savings of the 20- and 50 collector systems were 128 and 173 MWh, respectively. This led to a payback period of approximately 17 years for the 20 collector system and 16 years for the 50 collector system.

Enclosing the open light well, which is an open area inside the perimeter of the building which is designed to give rooms on the inside of the building natural daylight, was evaluated by performing an energy flow analysis comparing the existing condition with one in which a roof topped the well. This involved calculating the U-values of the walls before the skyroof and then using heating and cooling degree days to determine the heat flows through the walls. The enclosed light well was evaluated by performing an energy balance on the well to determine the temperature of the enclosed well. This temperature could then be used to calculate the heat flow through the enclosed light well’s walls. The difference in these heat flows between the two options was then converted to an economic cost to evaluate a payback period. Two grades of Kalwall-brand insulation were evaluated; the “Nanogel” grade and a mid-range grade. The Nanogel-enclosed light well reduced the heating demand by 16 MWh but increased the cooling load by 9 MWh, while the mid-grade enclosed well decreased the heating load by 11 MWh but increased the cooling load by 4 MWh. These added up to net annual savings of $650 for the Nanogel roof and $470 for the mid-grade skyroof. However, the investment costs were so high that the payback periods were between 450 and 550 years.

Two white roofing options were considered and corresponded to a newly installed roof and one that had weathered for 3 years, thereby reducing its reflectivity. These options were evaluated by determining the mean monthly roof temperatures throughout a typical year and calculating the heat flows through the roofs based on these temperatures. The temperatures were determined by performing a heat balance on the roofs’ surfaces and considering the solar radiation incident on the roofs. The heat flows with the existing black colored roof and the proposed white roofs were thencompared and converted into heating and cooling costs. The white roofs led to summertime air-conditioning savings but created more wintertime heat losses and therefore caused net annual energy cost increases of $560 and $240 for the new and weathered roofs, respectively.

The recommendations therefore were to implement the solar thermal system but not the other two proposals. Other areas which might benefit from additional investigations include lighting efficiency improvements, water use reductions, and replacement of the existing boilers with either more efficient natural gas units or wood-pellet/biomass boilers.

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Müller, Jan. "Kondenzační technika a odvody spalin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226844.

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This thesis is developed as a proposal for heating for a primary school and kindergarten in the region of Brno-countryside. For the insulated building, a combination of heating and air-conditioning is proposed. The concept is designed so that the air-conditioning preheats the exterior air and the heating system warms the incoming air to a comfortable temperature. For the required thermal performance, sources of heat (for gas and pellets) and a layout solution for the boiler room is designed. Drainage of combustion products is proposed for both solutions. The project solution is per the extent of the construction permit. The theoretical part is linked with the practical part through the condensation boilers, their function and division, and drainage of combustion products. The experiment for the given topic was conducted on the drainage of combustion products. The pressure loss of the reverse knob was determined in relation to the flow rate of air in the condensation boilers as this loss is essential in assessing the drainage of combustion products.
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Sibilla, Luboš. "Horský hotel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225780.

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Diploma thesis is focused on design of a new hotel in mountain surrounding with one underground floor and five stories. The hotel has 53rooms for guests from the second to the fifth floor and two rooms for employees of hotel on the fifth floor, what means 106 beds for guests. The hotel is equipped indoor swimming pool 25x10meters, its own kitchen, dining hall, sauna, massages and Conference hall. The object consists of four dilatation units – accommodation sides and common central part and swimming pool. Roof construction is created by huge wooden truss from the second floor to the fifth floor, which sequentially subsides and formed by 70 dormers. Angle of the roof is 46° and 23°, and surface coating is smooth titanium zinc sheet. Load bearing system of whole object is designed as irregular reinforced concrete monolithic skeleton from concrete C30/37 with prestressed elements and based on prestressed reinforced concrete slab. The cladding is designed from ceramic bricks with inner additional insulation and additional insulation on outer surface, which is covered by facade with ventilated air gap, designed from cement-fibers boards, which are by color and structure imitating natural stone. Each accommodation floor is divided into two accommodation sides, central part with central stairs and two personal elevators. Each accommodation side has two protected escape routes and one fire evacuation lift. On the Ground floor, there is the reception, the dining hall, the pool hall and offices. On the underground floor, there is wellness center for guests of the hotel, technologies for the pool, HVAC engine room and kitchen. In all object, there are designed different types of hanging ceilings, because of attendance of stabile sprinkler system. In the pool hall, there will be acoustic hanging ceiling. Heating will be procured by combination of biomass boiler and heat pumps, which will be used mainly for deck heating in rooms in accommodation floors.
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Book chapters on the topic "Gas boiler room"

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Fox, Michael H. "The Good, Bad, and Ugly of Coal and Gas." In Why We Need Nuclear Power. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199344574.003.0008.

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About ten miles north of where I live in northern Colorado, a smokestack rises 500 feet in the air alongside a stair-step series of buildings. On a summer day, nothing appears to be coming from the smokestack, as though it is a ghostly relic; in the winter, a white plume rises. On closer approach, a lake teeming with ducks, geese, pelicans, and other waterfowl sits in the foreground. A herd of American bison roam on over 4,000 acres of grasslands surrounding the smokestack. This apparently benign plant called Rawhide Energy Station is actually a 280 MWe coal-fired power plant that provides about one-quarter of the electricity for four nearby communities—Fort Collins, Loveland, Longmont, and Estes Park. It is a public utility owned by the four communities and is near state-of-the-art for a coal-fired power plant, being one of the most efficient in the western United States and among the top ten in lowest emissions. I drove up to the Rawhide Energy Station and called on an intercom box to the security station to identify myself so the guard could open the security gate for me to enter. After driving across the edge of the lake, the armed guard then directed me to the visitor center. I met Jon Little, the knowledgeable and friendly tour guide, and a group of bicyclists from a local environmentally conscious brewery who were taking the tour also. We put on headphones with a radio set and a hard hat for the tour. The first and largest building houses the boiler and the generators. Th e coal arrives by train in five- to six-inch lumps, which are broken down into one-inch lumps before being fed by conveyor to grinders that convert it into a powder finer than facial powder. This powder is then mixed with air and blown into the 16-story. boiler from four directions, where it burns efficiently at a hellish temperature of 2,800˚F.
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Conference papers on the topic "Gas boiler room"

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Kim, Jaecheol, and Taewoan Kim. "Analysis of Power Boiler Furnace Wall and Its Supporting Structure." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25593.

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In this paper, wall tube stresses of power boiler furnace according to three different design options of furnace wall stiffening system were investigated. As the loading condition, furnace design gas pressure, fluid pressure inside the wall tube and the temperature difference between furnace wall and reaction plate were used. When the simplest design option is applied, wall tube stress levels are unsatisfactory. Furnace design gas pressure has strong influences on wall tube stress in this case. The second option using a reaction plate successfully decreased stresses on furnace wall tubes. However, another problem has arisen from using the reaction plate between furnace wall and wall stiffening H-beam called buckstay. When there are temperature differences between furnace wall and reaction plate, wall tubes are subjected to a large compression load. As final design option, the wall stiffening system using a space plate in addition to the reaction plate was analyzed. The space plate on reaction plate gives room to absorb differential thermal expansion between furnace wall and reaction plate, and satisfactory stress results on furnace wall tubes were obtained.
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Kurata, Osamu, Norihiko Iki, Takayuki Matsunuma, Tetsuhiko Maeda, Satoshi Hirano, Katsuhiko Kadoguchi, Hiromi Takeuchi, and Hiro Yoshida. "Start Time Control of Micro Gas Turbine CHP System With Heat Storage." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55372.

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Combined heat and power (CHP) systems are widely used considering the prevention of global climate change and the reduction of energy costs. In distributed CHP systems, both high efficiency of elements and good coordination of the systems are considered as the points to solve. We had been researched and demonstrated the micro gas turbine CHP system with heat storage at Sapporo City University from April 2006 to March 2010. At first, the start times of microturbine (MGT) and heat storage system (HST) was set up by schedule timers. In 2008 the schedule timers were substituted to a new programmable logic controller (PLC) and the start times of MGT and HST were calculated as the function of temperature outside and room temperature. Setting the start time of MGT at maximum 5 hours before 8:00 and interlocking relays of HST on MGT, the start times were calculated from temperature outside and room temperature at 21:00 the day before. Control of start time using PLC was demonstrated from Feb. 21, 2009 to June 1 and from Nov. 16 to Jan. 7, 2010. It is shown the time series data of temperature and analysis of the CHP with the original boiler heating system.
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3

Klarstrom, Dwaine L., Gregory L. Hoback, Venkat R. Ishwar, and Javaid I. Qureshi. "Rejuvenation Heat Treatment and Weld Repairability Studies of HAYNES® 230® Alloy." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0629.

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A series of studies were undertaken to determine the optimum rejuvenation heat treatment of HAYNES 230 alloy and to examine its weld repairability. To simulate service exposure, samples of plate nominally 4.75 mm (0.187 in.) thick were exposed at temperatures of 760°C (1400°F) and 871°C (1600°F) for a period of 1500 hours. Room temperature tensile properties and stress-rupture properties at 927°C (1700°F)/62 Mpa (9 ksi) were determined and compared to the material in the unexposed condition. Rejuvenation heat treatments of exposed materials were performed at a temperature of 1177°C (2150°F) for times of 30 minutes to 3 hours followed by a rapid air cool. In all cases, the room temperature tensile and the stress-rupture properties were found to be comparable to those for the unexposed condition. Based on these data, a heat treatment time of 30 minutes was judged to be adequate. Plates representing the as-received, exposed, and exposed and rejuvenated conditions were gas tungsten arc welded (GTAW) using 230-W™ filler metal. Transverse tensile samples containing the weldments were tested at room temperature, and face and root weldment samples were bent around an approximate 2T radius. All of the results, including those for the exposed condition, were found to meet the requirements of Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
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4

Chudnovsky, B., A. Talanker, B. Kogan, M. Daniliuc, S. Lev, and L. Frega. "Combination of Advanced Supervision System FURNACE With Continues Visual Monitoring ORFEUS for Proper On-Line Performance Analysis of the Furnace Firing Coal in Large Utility Boilers." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81017.

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The high restrictions in environmental requirements have led to modifications of the both coal type and firing mode. In order to prevent a different faults in boiler operation and as a result a reliability reduction, special monitoring and diagnostic techniques is required for engineering analysis and utility production management. In this sense an on-line supervision system FURNACE have developed and implemented for 575, 550, 360 Mw coal fired units. The developed system provides on-line information regards furnace performance, including fireball location, furnace exit temperature increase that indicates the necessity of activate furnace sootblowers to control steam temperatures and prevent excessive accumulations of slag and heat surfaces tube overheating. However, the FURNACE system can not provide flue gas temperature distribution near the burner zone and it leads to limitation of the possibility of furnace fine tuning for the aim of NOx reduction. Due to this reason new diagnostic system ORFEUS was installed in power plant. The ORFEUS is a system for continuous visual monitoring of high temperature processes with a sensor lance. A high quality picture with wide angle of view and a small sensor diameter is achieved using a boroskope as lens. With this technology the CCD camera can be mounted in the cold part of the lance. This way sensitive equipment is mounted outside the combustion chamber, allowing continuous use with high process temperatures. The pictures coming from the sensor can be viewed and analyzed directly in the control room. In order to evaluate capability of both system combined application series of tests with different operation were conducted on the boiler. The testing was primarily focused on quantifying the impact of overfire air (OFA), excess air, primary air flow and unit loads on boiler, furnace, pulverizers performance, NOx and unburned carbon loss etc. The evaluation was performed for 575 MW units equipped with tangentially fired boilers designed by Combustion Engineering. The on-line information obtained from both FURNACE and ORFEUS systems is allowed us to perform fine tuning of the firing system in order to optimize combustion process. Based on performed work may be concluded that combination of both system is able us to receive detail information of furnace performance in real time including flame position in the initial burner zone. As result it was achieved additional NOx reduction by 10–15% at unit full load and by 20–35% at partial load without any impact on boiler performance, efficiency and reliability.
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5

Eiden, Paul, Tim Rathsam, and Darin Schottler. "Xcel Energy Riverside Repowering Project." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27330.

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Xcel Energy’s Riverside Repowering Project was a voluntary emissions reduction project with the goals of improving air quality in Minnesota while, at the same time, increasing the amount of electricity produced. The Riverside Plant was converted from being a coal-fired facility to a combined-cycle facility firing natural gas. The fuel switch resulted in significant plant emission benefits, with emissions of sulfur dioxide decreasing by 99%, nitrogen oxides (NOx) decreasing by 96%, and mercury being eliminated entirely. Plant output increased from a nominal generating capacity of 386 MW to a summer day net output of 472 MW. The three existing coal-boilers were retired. Two F-technology combustion turbine generators (CTGs) and two heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) were installed. Each CTG fires natural gas with dry low-NOx combustors. Each HRSG includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) section supplied with aqueous ammonia. Steam generated from the HRSGs is fed to an existing steam turbine. The low-pressure steam from the HRSG is admitted into the steam turbine through a new connection. The steam turbine extraction lines for feedwater heating are capped. To accommodate the resulting increased flow through the turbine, two rows of blades were replaced. A new full-flow steam turbine bypass system operates during plant startup and shutdown. An auxiliary boiler was added to provide warming and sealing steam to the steam turbine. A new distributed control system (DCS) operates the facility, with workstations located in the plant’s existing control room. The existing once-through circulating water system on the Mississippi River was modified with the addition of wedgewire screens to comply with the Clean Water Act Section 316(b). The CTGs and HRSGs are fully enclosed in a new building that is integrated with the structure for the steam turbine. Due to the proximity of residential housing, sound attenuation is critical. Space for the new building was created by demolishing formerly retired units. Reclaiming this area resulted in a unique layout. The HRSGs are constructed over wood piles installed in 1914–22. The HRSG foundation consists of an elevated slab supported on concrete walls distributing load to the original pile caps. Between the HRSGs and the CTGs are retired concrete coal hoppers that divide the site. The CTGs sit approximately 20 feet higher than the base of the HRSGs. The combined cycle achieved commercial operation on May 1, 2009.
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6

Billings, Brandon, Greg Rodia, Ryan Scavone, and Marc Tirkschleit. "Advanced Boiler Cleaning Solutions for Increased Boiler Runtime." In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5425.

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Clyde Bergemann Power Group (CBPG) and Covanta Niagara, a Waste-to-Energy facility (WTE) plagued by boiler cleanliness issues, have collectively worked to implement a Shower Clean System (SCS) trial in Boiler 3’s second pass. The SCS’s cleaning concept is designed to traverse down through the roof of the boiler into a narrow open pass using a custom design water spray nozzle to clean the water walls. A SCS trial assembly was operated at the facility from July 27, 2010 to September 1, 2010. A total of 16 cleaning cycles were performed. During this trial period, on average, the second pass outlet flue gas temperature saw a 62 degrees Fahrenheit (degF) reduction after a cleaning event was performed. Based on years of SCS operating experience, CBPG determined a cleaning event should not be initiated if the temperature rise in the second pass is less than 30 degF. This insures that the second pass would not be over cleaned causing material stress to the water walls. In order to estimate the proper cleaning frequency for Niagara’s permanent SCS, an average second pass fouling rate was calculated. Using the fouling rate and the minimum allowable flue gas temperature rise, a cleaning frequency was estimated. Based on the trial results, the recommended operating frequency of the permanent SCS at Covanta Niagara will employ the Umbrella nozzle in the second pass twice per day or once per shift (12 hours). This recommendation is based on observations of the six week operating trial of the SCS and is subject to change based on myriad variables such as waste characteristics and first pass outlet flue gas temperatures. Typical boiler operation at Niagara utilizes industrial cleanings once per week to extend its boiler runtime. During the six week trial the SCS helped reduce the total number of industrial cleanings necessitated to keep the boiler online. Once a permanent SCS is implemented and used daily, there could be significant benefits to boiler runtime without having a total dependence on industrial cleanings. Becoming more reliant on the SCS to maintain lower boiler flue gas temperatures will result in less costs associated with online boiler cleaning and potentially less damage to the third pass convective surface from less high pressure water washing.
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7

Frederickson, Connor, Dennis Newell, and Andrew Lonero. "FINGERPRINTING PALEO-GROUNDWATER SOURCES USING OXYGEN ISOTOPES OF HEMATITE CONCRETIONS FROM THE "BOILER ROOM", MOAB AREA, UTAH." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-357679.

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8

Munukutla, Sastry S., Robert P. M. Craven, and Michael R. Coffey. "Performance Monitoring of Coal-Fired Units in Real-Time." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81113.

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Power plant performance monitoring can be accomplished in real-time using the data already available on the plant computer in the control room. Because of this, plant operators can be provided with quantitative real-time feedback on the impact of any operational change on plant efficiency and economics. With funding from several major U.S. Utilities and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) the Center for Energy Systems Research (CESR) at Tennessee Technological University (TTU) has developed a Real-Time Performance Monitoring System for evaluating plant operations continuously. The calculations are based on the output/loss method. Coal analysis in real-time is obtained by using information on flue gas composition. This is a unique technology developed at CESR. The steady-state thermodynamic model includes on the fire-side the FD and ID fans, the air preheater, the coal pulverizers and the boiler. It includes flow rate, pressure and temperature of the feedwater, main steam, cold reheat steam and the hot reheat steam on the steam-side of the calculations. The model performs calculations and displays results every minute (or whatever averaging time is chosen) by reading relevant data from the plant computer. One of the primary advantages of this method is that it can be customized to a given unit with given instrumentation. The Real-Time Performance Model has been successfully installed in 10 coal fired units in the U.S.A., four 200 MW units in New Zealand, one 200 MW unit in India and one 900 MW unit in China. In this paper the output/loss method will be introduced. The thermodynamic model with which calculations are performed will be described in detail. Field results from several units around the world will be presented. Examples of strategies for performance enhancement based on real-time performance monitoring will be discussed.
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9

Ramirez, Juan C., Mark Fecke, Delmar Trey Morrison, and John D. Martens. "Root Cause Analysis of an Industrial Boiler Explosion (and How Hazard Analysis Could Have Prevented It)." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37944.

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An explosion occurred in the firebox of an industrial boiler with a nominal fuel input rate of 100 MW (340 million Btu/hr), in a processing plant during final commissioning of the burner systems. This paper describes the investigation of the incident, root cause analysis, and lessons learned from the incident. The original burners in the boiler had recently been replaced with low NOx burners, and the facility was in the process of commissioning the new burner system. The boiler was running only on natural gas igniters at the time of the incident. While firing on igniters, an undetected stoppage of the control equipment occurred, which led to a restriction of airflow through the secondary air dampers. The boiler controls included programmable logic controllers (PLCs) for both the combustion control system (CCS) for regulation and the burner management system (BMS) for safety functions. The BMS was intended to detect a loss of control such as this and immediately stop fuel to the boiler; however, it did not. The BMS PLC was not configured to detect the dangerous states and allowed the igniters to continue to fire. An explosion subsequently occurred within the boiler firebox that caused extensive damages to the facility and equipment. This paper will describe the incident investigation and determination of multiple root causes for failure of the BMS to prevent the explosion. The inadequate configuration of the control systems was likely present for some time prior to the incident, and the explosion was eventually caused when the right conditions occurred during this commissioning. We found through the investigation that the BMS deficiencies could have been detected and prevented (and almost were) through standard hazard analysis techniques common in the chemical processing industries. This paper will also discuss how hazard analysis can be applied to detect and prevent similar system failures.
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10

Dhamangaonkar, P. R., Abhishek Deshmukh, Santosh Pansare, and M. R. Nandgaonkar. "Design and Computational Validation of In-Line Bare Tube Economizer for a 210 MW Pulverized Coal Fired Boiler." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62073.

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One of the pulverized coal fired thermal power plants in India intended to find the root cause of frequent boiler tube failures in three 210 MW units. Operation & Maintenance history and feedback from plant O&M team revealed that economizer tube failure was a frequent cause of forced outage. The plant under study used CFS (continuous fin surface) economizer with staggered tube arrangement in the 210 MW units. CFS staggered tube economizers originally appealed to many plant designers because the tortuous path created for the flue gas, enhanced heat absorption and the fins could capture heat and transfer it to the tubing. This made the CFS economizer less costly and easy for installation in a relatively small space. There is increasing use of lower quality high ash coals over the past few decades. Due to this fact an advantage of the CFS economizer design became a disadvantage. The narrow spacing in the tubes proved more susceptible to plugging and fly ash erosion. Literature study and the root cause analysis suggested that CFS staggered arrangement of economizer could be one of the prominent reason of failure of economizer tube bundle due to fly ash erosion. Flue gas flow simulation also highlighted that there is increase in velocity of flue gases across the economizer. A bare tube in-line configuration in place of existing CFS economizer was an alternative. To recommend an alternate economizer as solution, the merits of an in-line bare tube economizer were studied. Bare tubes arranged in-line are most conservative in hostile environments with high ash content, are least likely to plug, and have the lowest gas-side resistance per unit of heat transfer. A bare tube in-line economizer that can replace the existing finned tube economizer in the available space while meeting the existing design & performance parameters is recommended. An attempt was made to model & analyze the new economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools in order to get firsthand experience and validate the results obtained using manual calculations. With limited computational resources and not so fine meshing, the performed CFD model analysis showed the expected trend but did not completely match the results.
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