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1
Germain, Christelle, Morgane Poser, Pascal Peu, Annabelle Couvert, and Eric Dumont. "Hybrid Filtration Process for Gas Desulfurization." Processes 11, no. 12 (2023): 3438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11123438.
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A hybrid desulfurization process combining a physical filtration stage on cellular concrete (CC abiotic filter, called CCAF) and a biotrickling filter (called BTF) filled with expanded schist as packing material was used to remove high H2S concentrations from a synthetic gas containing dinitrogen (N2), dioxygen (O2) and H2S without the addition of a nutritive solution. Provided that small amounts of oxygen are present in the gas (1.2 ± 0.1% in volume), the global removal efficiency was 100%, and the global removal capacity reached 35 ± 2 gH2S m−3 h−1 for a total empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 120 s (CCAF + BTF). The resilience of the desulfurization process was demonstrated by applying severe changes in the H2S concentrations, from 160 to 1150 ± 20 mg m−3 for an EBRT = 120 s. According to the performances of the abiotic filter, which can decline over time due to the lifetime of the cellular concrete (137 days), the biotrickling filter reacted either as a refining system or as an efficient system able to treat significant H2S loading rates (up to 45 ± 3 gH2S m−3 h−1). Depending on the operating conditions, the increase in the pressure drops of the biotrickling filter (from 45 ± 3 to 234 ± 8 Pa m−1) highlighted biomass accumulation, especially extremophilic Acidithiobacillus sp. Considering the cellular concrete abiotic filter alone, removal capacities of up to 56 ± 3 gH2S m−3 h−1 were recorded for an EBRT of 60 s, demonstrating that gases such as landfill biogas or household biogas could be efficiently treated using this simple technique.
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Manzhos, Evgeny V., and Alexey A. Korzhavin. "Study of initiation of gas filtration combustion wave by an open flame." Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences, no. 2 (June 26, 2024): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2024-2-54-66.
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One of the processes of filtration combustion, namely the process of filtration combustion of gas, is considered. Its importance and practical significance are emphasized. The current state of research is shown and the need to study the non-stationary processes of filtration combustion of gas is revealed. The article examines one of the non-stationary processes of filtration combustion of gas, which is of great importance: the process of formation of a wave of filtration combustion of gas, which occurs when a burning gas mixture moves through an inert porous medium towards the flow of a combustible mixture. This process occurs when devices using filtration combustion of gas are operating: devices for afterburning poor gas mixtures, radiation burners, etc. A comprehensive study of this process has been carried out, including mathematical modeling and experimental research. The necessity of using a comprehensive study is shown. A method for processing experimental data is proposed. The factors influencing the process of formation of the filtration combustion wave of gas when it is initiated by an open flame are established. The influence of the gas mixture feed rate, heat loss from the porous medium to the external environment, and the grain size of the porous medium on the ignition process and the movement of the filtration combustion wave of gas was revealed.
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Lubkov, M. V. "Application of the finite element-differences method for modeling of filtration processes." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 1 (2019): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2019/1.26.
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We consider modeling and geophysical interpretation of the obtained results in the oil and gas production problems. For solving these practical problems, we use combined finite element-differences method of resolving piezoconductivity problem with calculation of heterogeneous filtration parameters distribution of oil and gas productive reservoirs and oil-gas penetration conditions in the borders of the reservoirs. At that, we consider the main factors, which influence on the intensity of filtration processes near oil production well and gas production well respectively. These factors are important for effective supporting in practice high level of the oil and gas production. On the base of computer modeling, we have showed that intensity of filtration process near the acting oil and gas production wells mainly depends on oil phase and respectively gas phase permeability, as in close zone of well acting so in remote zone. The viscosity and reservoir porosity parameters in close and remote zones of the well action have little direct effect on filtration process near the acting well. However, these parameters can influence on the filtration process implicitly via direct acting on the respective phase permeability. We also have carried out analysis of the pumping well influence on the filtration process near production well in different practical cases.
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Benz, Nikolai, Fabian Krull, Kai Nikolaus, and Sergiy Antonyuk. "Membrane–Fabric Composite Filter Media for Continuous Cake Filtration without Gas Throughput Using Paste Dot Coating with Adhesive." Membranes 13, no. 9 (2023): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13090801.
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In the field of liquid filtration, the realization of gas throughput-free cake filtration has been investigated for a long time. Cake filtration without gas throughput would lead to energy savings in general and would reduce the mechanically achievable residual moisture in filter cakes in particular. The reason why gas throughput-free filtration could not be realized with fabrics so far is that the achievable pore sizes are not small enough, and that the associated capillary pressure is too low for gas throughput-free filtration. Microporous membranes can prevent gas flow through open pores and cracks in the filter cake at a standard differential pressure for cake filtration of 0.8 bar due to their smaller pore size. Since large-scale implementation with membranes was not yet successful due to their inadequate mechanical strength, this work focuses on the development and testing of a novel composite material. It combines the advantages of gas throughput-free filtration using membranes with the mechanical stability of fabrics. For the production of the composites, a paste dot coating with adhesive, which is a common method in the textile industry, was used. Based on filtration experiments, delamination and tensile tests, as well as µCT analysis, it is shown that this method is suitable for the production of composite filter materials for gas throughput-free cake filtration.
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Cherdantsev, S. V., P. A. Shlapakov, V. V. Kolykhalov, and S. A. Khaymin. "The Analysis of Filtration Process in the Coal Seam Excavated with Long Pillars along the Strike." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 1 (January 2024): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2024-1-44-50.
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The underground coal field mining is inevitably associated with coal oxidation process accompanied with the thermal energy emission and the formation of coal self-heating spots. The self-heating spots can emerge in both coal dust accumulations deposited in the excavations and in the excavated coal seams. It is known that self-heating is caused by both chemical processes accompanied with heat emission and physical processes, primarily the filtration of gas-air mixtures through porous and fractured layers of rocks and coal seams. Although the filtration processes accompanying oil and gas field exploration have been thoroughly studied, similar processes accompanying coal mining have been studied less. The article focuses on the mathematic problem concerning the filtration process in the coal seam when excavated by long pillars. In this system, both fresh airflows and worked out flows move in opposite directions and under different pressures along the mine roadway and the ventilation opening. This causes so-called air suctions due to air infiltration through the coal seam. In theory, this problem has not been solved yet and thus is considered urgent. Based on the classic filtration theories and assumptions regarding the coal seam isotropy and homogeneity, the one-dimensional initial value problem describing the non-stationary air filtration process through the coal seam was formulated. The solution provided explicit formulas to determine the pressure and rate of air-gas mixture filtration and identified several regularities of the filtration process in the coal seam. Particularly, it was established that the filtration rate increases significantly in the direction towards the ventilation opening, especially at the initial stages of filtration. In process of time, however, the filtration rate aligns and after 5 days, the rate difference is not so significant.
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Booty, M. R., and B. J. Matkowsky. "Slowly varying filtration combustion waves." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 4, no. 2 (1993): 205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792500001078.
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We describe the slow evolution of the wave speed and reaction temperature in a model of filtration combustion. In the counterflow configuration of the process, a porous solid matrix is converted to a porous solid product by injecting an oxidizing gas at high pressure into one end of a fresh sample of the solid while igniting it at the other end. The solid and gas react exothermically at high activation energy and, under favourable conditions, a self-sustaining combustion wave travels along the sample, converting reactants to product. Since the reaction rate depends on the gas pressure p in the pores, small gradients in p cause variations in the conditions of combustion, which, in turn, cause inhomogeneities in the physical properties of the product. We determine the slow evolution of the wave speed, the reaction temperature, and the mass flux of the gas downstream of the reaction zone. In the absence of a pressure gradient, there is a branch of steadily propagating solutions which has a fold. For planar disturbances on the slow time scale, we show that the middle part of the branch is unstable, with the change of stability occurring at the turning points of the branch. When the pressure gradient is nonzero, there are no steadily propagating solutions and the wave continually evolves. Conditions on the state of the gas at the inlet are described such that the variation in the wave speed and reaction temperature throughout the process can be minimized.
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Zhang, Yun Feng, Qiang Xiao, Min Zhao, Wei Wei Guo, and Lin Zhang. "Study on Dust Treatment Process of Stone Processing." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.322.
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Based on measurement and analysis of stone processing workshop dust source, stone processing dust treatment scheme is proposed, and the cloth bag dust remover and a set of dust removal system is introduced in this paper. In addition, the amount of gas filtration, filtration velocity, and filter bag expanded area and other parameters were calculated. Eventually, result shows that the system can change environment of stone production to get cleaning.
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Xing, Yi, Xing Kuang, Fan Wang, Chun Jiang Kuang, and Yu Cheng Fang. "Sintered Fe3Al Intermetallic - A New Filter Element for Hot Gas Filtration." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1001.
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Hot gas filtration and purification is widely applied in many industrial fields, such as in power generation industry, chemical and petrochemical industry, metallurgical industry, ceramic and glass industry, environmental protection industry, etc. Gas filtration at high temperature from industrial processes offers various advantages such as increasing process efficiency, improving heat recovery and materials resource recovery, protection of downstream plant equipment, etc. At the same time, it is an advanced environment protection technology. This paper describes a newly developed metallic filter element - sintered Fe3Al intermetallics. The manufacturing process of sintered Fe3Al metallic powder and the mechanical and filtration characteristics of this filter element were investigated. In this work, the mechanism of the morphological and phase constituent changes of the Fe3Al powder during sintering were studied. The newly developed filter elements were found to have excellent corrosion resistance, good thermal resistance, high strength and high filtration efficiency. Based on these results, the potential application of the sintered Fe3Al filter elements in industrial hot gas filtration are discussed.
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Rincón, J., J. Guardiola, and A. Romero. "Gas Filtration in Binary Fluidized Beds." Separation Science and Technology 27, no. 15 (1992): 2171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496399208019473.
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Krukovska, Viktoriia, Oleksandr Krukovskyi, Oleksii Yanzhula, Andrii Kostrytsia, and Viktor Kocherga. "The influence of the features of outburst-prone rocks position in the floor of the stope on stress fields and degasation process." Geo-Technical Mechanics, no. 168 (2024): 139–51. https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2024.168.139.
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Rock-gas outbursts happen when mine workings are driven near low-permeability sandstones, which contain gas under high pressure, and most of such outbursts are triggered by shot firing. In particular, when sections of the powered support are clamped in the stope, it is necessary to explode the rock under them, which is dangerous if the outburst-prone sandstone is located in the floor of the stope. One of the factors causing the rock-gas outburst is a certain combination of the stress-dependent permeability of the sandstone and the near-floor rock and gas pressure. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to study the change in the stress state of the host rocks and gas filtration process in the outburst-prone sandstone located in the floor of the stope, with different composition of the near-floor rocks. To achieve the goal, methods of numerical simulation of time-dependent processes of elastic-plastic deformation and gas filtration were used. A stope with sections of the powered support was considered, in the floor of which siltstone and outburst-prone sandstone are located. The computations were performed with variations in the thickness and strength of the siltstone bed above the sandstone. It is shown that the values of the maximum and minimum components of the principal stress tensor gradually decrease in the floor of the stope, the sandstone is unloaded from the rock pressure. This leads to an increase in its permeability, the start of the methane filtration and degasation process. The composition of near-contour rocks greatly affects the distribution of geomechanical and filtration parameters. In the presence of the siltstone bed with a certain strength, a not unloaded bridge with lower permeability appears above the sandstone, and its degasation slows down significantly. If the thickness of the siltstone bed increases, the width of this bridge also increases, and methane filtration in the floor of the stope stops. In this case it is an obstacle that delays or completely prevents the degassing of gas-bearing rocks that lie below. The results of the above analyses should aid evaluation of potential measures to prevent the rock-gas outburst during blasting operations for the movement of sections of powered support in the stope. A better understanding of this problem could save considerable time and expense for future technological operations in similar mining conditions. Keywords: rock-gas outburst, rock deformation, coupled processes, stope, gas filtration, numerical simulation.
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Wilcox, Melissa, Rainer Kurz, and Klaus Brun. "Technology Review of Modern Gas Turbine Inlet Filtration Systems." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/128134.
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An inlet air filtration system is essential for the successful operation of a gas turbine. The filtration system protects the gas turbine from harmful debris in the ambient air, which can lead to issues such as FOD, erosion, fouling, and corrosion. These issues if not addressed will result in a shorter operational life and reduced performance of the gas turbine. Modern day filtration systems are comprised of multiple filtration stages. Each stage is selected based on the local operating environment and the performance goals for the gas turbine. Selection of these systems can be a challenging task. This paper provides a review of the considerations for selecting an inlet filtration system by covering (1) the characteristics of filters and filter systems, (2) a review of the many types of filters, (3) a detailed look at the different environments where the gas turbine can operate, (4) a process for evaluating the site where the gas turbine will be or is installed, and (5) a method to compare various filter system options with life cycle cost analysis.
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Nematov, Abdugani, Mohiniso Makhmudova, Abror Nazirov, Akbar Bakhriddinov, and Zhasulan Molzhigitov. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE FILTRATION PROCESS IN DYNAMICALLY INTERCONNECTED MULTILAYER GAS FIELDS." Journal of Problems in Computer Science and Information Technologies 3, no. 2 (2025): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.26577/jpcsit20253206.
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This article is devoted to modeling of the gas filtration process in a dynamically interconnected multilayer porous medium. The article is devoted to modeling the process of gas filtration in a dynamically interconnected multilayer porous medium. In the article, the process of gas filtration in a heterogeneous three layer porous medium with low-permeability intermediate layers and the dynamic interaction between the layers are described by a mathematical model based on a system of differential equations of parabolic type. This mathematical model is numerically simulated using finite difference methods, i.e. explicit and implicit schemes. Since the resulting system of finite difference equations is nonlinear with respect to the pressure function, a quasilinear method was used. The dynamics of the pressure function over time was analyzed for time intervals of 360, 720 and 1080 days, and during this period the pressure distribution in the layers, the rate of pressure drop around the well and the dynamics of interlayer interaction were studied. The calculation results are presented in numerical and graphical form, which accurately reflect how the interlayer movement of the gas flow occurs. Using graphical analysis, the time step limit was determined, ensuring the stability of the computational process in the explicit scheme: a stable calculation is carried out only with a dimensionless time step Δt ≤ 1.7e-4. Also, the calculations carried out using the implicit scheme showed that this method has more stable stability compared to the explicit scheme. The results show that with a large permeability coefficient of the formation, the pressure distribution accelerates, and in the wells the pressure drop slows down. At the same time, in directly connected multilayer porous media, the permeability coefficient of the layers plays an important role. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to carry out calculations for various parameters to improve the efficiency of gas field development. It is also possible to analyze and forecast oil and gas deposits using software created on the basis of numerical models and algorithms developed in the article.
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Yelisieiev, Volodymyr, Vasyl Lutsenko, and Vadim Berkout. "Filtration of dynamically adsorbed gas in a bidisperse porous layer." Geo-Technical Mechanics, no. 169 (2024): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.15407/geotm2024.169.118.
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Among the problems related to filtration and mass transfer in porous bodies, the problems of the adsorption-desorption are currently of the greatest interest. This is due to a wide range of problems: the safety of mining and coal developments, the extraction of combustible gases, the storage of greenhouse gases in formations. At the same time, in theoretical terms, issues related to the multi-scale nature of fractured-porous media, in particular, mining and coal seams, are gaining wide popularity. This paper considers the problem of filtration flow during gas injection into a porous formation, taking into account gas adsorption both on the surface of channels in macropores and during volumetric sedimentation in micropores. In the paper, it is assumed that the entire pore space of a coal seam, according to the results of recent studies, can be divided into two parts of mutually connected areas that differ from each other in their characteristic sizes of pore channels and, accordingly, with a large difference in permeability. The main attention is paid to the filtration features of the process of adsorbed gas flow in the reservoir. The developed model is based on the theory of inertialess gas motion, i.e. using the Darcy equation written in each zone separately. It is assumed according to the literature that the adsorption process obeys the Langmuir-type equation. The problem considers two stages of the process: gas injection into the reservoir and the process of filtration pressure establishment during reservoir blockage. Pressure changes in two different channel systems are shown depending on the intensity of gas flow from one pore branch of the system to another. With intensive overflows, pressure differences between the areas are insignificant. With weak overflows, the differences are large, which should lead to large internal stresses. The calculations performed qualitatively show the dynamics of the adsorption process during gas movement in the reservoir. It follows from the calculations that it largely depends on the structure of the pore space. With intensive overflows, the adsorption process practically follows the change in pressure in the entire pore space. For weak flows, the resulting large pressure differences between the two regions affect the adsorption process.
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Li, Hongjun, Shengping Wang, Mingxin Liu, Rongjun Song, Kailong Cui, and Cheng Chang. "Study on Filtration Efficiency of Filter Elements for Lubricating Oil Separation." Processes 13, no. 7 (2025): 2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13072067.
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For the gas injection process in the underground natural gas storage, it is of great significance to separate lubricating oil droplets from natural gas to ensure the capacity of gas injection. However, the interaction mechanism, among various factors, is still unclear in real field conditions. In this study, the filtration performances of filter elements were investigated in a range of gas temperatures from 20 °C to 70 °C, aerosol concentrations from 400 mg/m3 to 1200 mg/m3 and flowrates from 37.2 m3/h to 74.4 m3/h. The results show that at the same flowrate, the steady-state filtration efficiency decreases with increasing temperature, resulting from a shift in the upstream aerosol towards the smaller size and an increase in the concentration for droplets within the range of 0.3 to 2 μm. The filtration efficiency only increases by 0.02% at 20 °C, while the steady-state efficiency increases by more than 0.10% at 70 °C and all the flowrates. At the same gas temperature and aerosol concentration, the steady-state filtration efficiency increases with the increase in flowrate. In practical applications, the filtration performance can be improved by lowing the gas temperature, setting up fewer filter elements in the separator, and appropriately reducing the injection amount of lubricating oil.
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Ilova, R. K. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF FILTRATION OF GAS-LIQUID MIXTURE." EurasianUnionScientists 3, no. 63 (2019): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2019.3.63.171.
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Kurbonov, N. M. "3D model and numerical algorithm for gas filtration in porous media." Mathematical Modeling and Computing 9, no. 3 (2022): 637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/mmc2022.03.637.
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The article presents a three-dimensional mathematical model of the gas filtration process in porous media and a numerical algorithm for solving the initial-boundary value problem. The developed model is described using the nonlinear differential equation in partial derivatives with the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The proposed mathematical apparatus makes it possible to carry out hydrodynamic calculations taking into account changes in the main factors affecting the process under consideration: permeability, porosity, and thickness of layers, gas recovery coefficient, viscosity, etc. Computer implementation of the model provides an opportunity to solve practical problems of analysis and forecasting of the gas production process under various conditions of impact on the productive reservoir, as well as making decisions on the development of existing and design of new gas fields.
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Krukovskyi, Olexandr, Viktoriia Krukovska, and Yurii Vynohradov. "APPLICATION OF ROOF BOLTING TECHNOLOGY FOR MINE WORKINGS IN GAS- AND WATER-BEARING ROCKS." JOURNAL of Donetsk Mining Institute, no. 1 (2022): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2022-1-56-67.
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Purpose. To substantiate the use of roof bolting for mine workings as a technological way to reduce gas and water inflows into mine workings and to develop the method of reducing water inflow with the use of combined frames and bolts supporting. Methodology. Numerical modelling method for coupled processes of rock mass strain and fluid filtration has been applied. The model is based upon fundamental ideas of mechanics of solids and filtration theory. The problem has been solved using a finite element method. The influence of stress field on formation of the filtration area, the effect of changes in fluid pressure on stress state and decrease in the strength properties of rocks during soaking (in the case of water filtration) were taken into account at each time iteration. Results. A study of the influence of supporting mine workings on filtration permeability caused by its driving has been performed. It is shown that the use of roof bolting restrains the process of cracking in the area affected by mining. At the same time the sizes of the filtration area are considerably reduced, permeability in this area decreases. Roof bolting allows to reduce the average filtration permeability caused by the redistribution of the stress field during the driving of mine working by 15 times or more. The influence of bolts on the process of fluid filtration has been studied. It is established that filtration process is actively taking place around the mine workings with frame support. When using roof bolting, methane from undermined gas sources is not involved in the filtration process. On the walls of the mine working, methane filtration intensity from the coal seam is significantly reduced. Roof bolting reduces water inflows into the mine workings in water-resistant rocks by 2.5 times, in non-water-resistant rocks by 3.4 times. Scientific novelty. For the first time the study of the influence of supporting type in mine workings on formation of the filtration area in the host rocks and the course of filtration processes has been performed. A method of reducing water inflows into mine workings with the use of combined frames and bolts supporting has been developed. It is shown that roof bolting can be used as a technological way to reduce gas and water inflows into the mine workings. Practical significance. Application of the proposed method leads to a significant economic effect by reducing the cost of water pumping and repair work to restore mine workings after emergency water inflows.
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Amalia Novitrie, Nora, Mey Rohma Dhani, Aulia Nadia Rachmat, and Yessica Novrita Devi. "Study of HAZOPs in the Screening Unit of the Industrial Gas Wastewater Treatment Plant." Fluida 16, no. 1 (2023): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/fluida.v16i1.4499.
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The filtration is the final stage of industrial gas wastewater treatment for clean water generation. Filtration is an operation of separating solid and liquid materials by filter medium. In filtration process the driving force such as pressure difference by gravitation or rotary power cause the feed to flow. The process parameters in the filtration process need to be monitored and controlled because deviation or abnormality of the process parameters will cause operating failures. This condition requires a more in-depth identification so that the risks of operating failures can be minimized. HAZOPs is a method to identify hazard that caused by deviation of parameters using guide words. Steps of the research consisted of early survey, literature study, and filling the HAZOPs worksheet such as determine study node, deviation, parameter, guideword, risk evaluation, and risk control. The results of the study show that there were four potential deviations from three parameters which were flow, pressure, and temperature. Risk values analysed were medium and low. Recommendation of the system are adding alarm, valve, changing filter regularly, and scheduling the routine maintenance.
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Sadriddinov, P. B. "Numerical study of the dependence of the wave velocity of filtration gas combustion on the process parameters." Multiphase Systems. 16, no. 1 (2021): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/mfs2021.1.002.
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When solving problems in the field of filtration combustion of gases, numerical methods are often used to analyze the wave structure depending on changes in the hydrogen content in the mixture and other physical and chemical parameters. This work analyzes the stationary structure of the wave of filtration combustion of incompressible gas in the low-speed mode when the parameters of the gas flow and the porous medium change, as well as when the hydrogen content in the mixture changes. The problem is solved by the numerical Runge-Kutta method of the fourth order of accuracy, tested on a system of differential equations. Reduced to a dimensionless form, the system of equations is written in vector format. Programming is performed in Delphi 7. The results presented show agreement with the known experimental data and also allow us to obtain new conclusions about the structure of the filtration combustion wave of gases.
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Sobolev, V. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF COAL AND GAS EMISSION." Sciences of Europe, no. 114 (April 10, 2023): 102–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7811574.
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A physico mathematical model of the process of coal and gas ejection is proposed, which is based on the gas filtration equation. The model takes into account the stress state of the coal mass, but does not take into account the properties of outburst hazardous coals: electret potential, the degree of chemical activity, the role of the additional energy reserve of the coal microstructure, and active gas generation directly in the in the process of ejection of the hive into the mined-out space. It is shown that the absolute values of the coal emission hazard criteria are not known.
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Li, Hai Xia, and Jiang Wei. "Flow Pattern in Ceramic Filter System for Particle Removal." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.309.
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A gas-particle separation system was established to study the filtration performance where twelve ceramic filters were divided into four groups. Filters in same group will be cleaned by pulse back-flow at one time. The pressure distribution and variation during filtration and pulse back-flow washing in filter cavity and along filter length was measured. The main pressure drop occurs across the filter porous wall. The pressure at filter cavity decreases from the close end to open end of the candle filter. The gas velocity inside the filter system is generally relatively low in the vessel during filtration process.
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Prof, (Dr) Nemailal Tarafder. "Importance of Technical Textiles as Filtration Media-A Review." Journal of Industrial Mechanics 4, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586465.
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Textiles are widely used in our day-to-day needs like filtration of air, liquids, food preparation as well as industrial production in large to keep us healthier from the surrounding environment. A variety of fibres, yarns and fabrics both in woven and nonwoven types are used in the field of filtration techniques. The innovative applications of textile filtration fabrics is widely accepted in the pharmaceutical industry in the process of separation of liquids, gases, powders and suspensions involved in the filtration processes. Textile materials in any form play an important role the industrial filtration. In the present industrial processes, there is hardly any process is left where filtration is not involved. In the filtration process, where any textile material used it is called as the filter media or medium. In general filter media is used either in the solid-gas and/or solid-liquid separation. The use of latest technologies with filters and filtration media, the effective time in filtration is reduced and better quality of products are obtained in pharmaceutical industry. The use of textile filtration materials helps maximum separation of particles from the liquids, although absolute clarity is not always required. The use of membrane filtration fabrics in water filtration process has improved the membrane science.
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Li, Hai Xia, and Bing Guang Gao. "Filtration Performance of Particle Removal from Gas with Ceramic Candle Filter." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1205.
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A gas-particle separation system was established to study the filtration performance where twelve ceramic filters were divided into four groups. Filters in the same group will be cleaned by pulse back-flow at once. The pressure distribution and variation during filtration and pulse back-flow washing in four group filter and along filter length was measured. The main pressure drop occurs across the filter porous wall. The pressure at filter cavity decreases from the close end to open end of the candle filter. The gas velocity magnitude inside the filter system during filtration process is generally relatively low inside the vessel. The velocity increases as the gas passes across the filter walls and enters the outlet of the filter tube.
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Lee, Min-Jeong, Hyeon-Ju Kim, Du-Hong Kang, Jung Woo Lee, and Jung-Yeul Yun. "Microstructure and Pore Characteristics of a Double-Layered Pore Structure Powder Filter Fabricated by the WPS Process." Metals 14, no. 6 (2024): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14060665.
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In order to supply high-purity process gas in the semiconductor manufacturing process, a gas filter is used to remove particles that may be contained in the gas. However, because the gas filters currently in use have simple pore structures, there is a need to increase filtration efficiency through the development of filters with complex pore structures. In this study, a metal powder filter with double-layered pores was manufactured using a Wet Powder Spraying process (WPS) to increase the filtering efficiency of gas filters used in semiconductor manufacturing. The effects of the mixing ratio of spherical-shape and flake-shape powders and the rolling process on the filter’s characteristics were investigated. The filter’s performance, microstructure, and surface roughness were evaluated by measuring porosity and gas permeability. The results showed that as the ratio of flake-shaped powder decreased, the thickness of the coating layer and the porosity of the filter decreased. Additionally, it was observed that as the rolling process progressed, the non-uniform pore structure was oriented parallel to the cross-section of the filter regardless of the mixing ratio. Measurements found that the gas permeability of the uncoated filter support was the highest, and that gas permeability decreased as the proportion of spherical powder increased regardless of the average particle size of the mixed powder. Lower gas permeability was observed in rolled samples. A filtration efficiency of LRV 3 or higher was confirmed.
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Gawor, Marek. "Experimental determination of the kinetics of sorption and gas filtration in coal." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 40, no. 4 (2018): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2018-0027.
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AbstractThe paper presents tests set-ups for experiments on sorption kinetics and gas filtration kinetics in a porous medium. It was observed that two phenomena occur in these processes: transportation of gas into the porous solid and settling of gas molecules on the walls of the solid or within its volume. An experiment was carried out in which a thin resistance thermometer was quickly taken out of an argon stream and placed in carbon dioxide or the other way round. The measurement made it possible to determine the sorption time constant. It was demonstrated that the sorption rate is much higher than the filtration rate. Thus, filtration is the process describing the rate at which gas molecules penetrating the porous substance are adsorbed or desorbed. The sorption time constant is not >50 m.In the second experiment, the author determined the rate at which gas is liberated from coal grains. The measurement method was based on measurement of the pressure of desorbing gas in constant volume. The experiment involved measurement of the pressure of the gas liberated from the coal grains in a closed chamber. The kinetic curves obtained in this way were used to determine the carbon dioxide coefficient in coal grains. During the experiment, particular focus was put on the initial stage of gas liberation (up to 0.4 s).The slower process of gas transporting in the porous structure of coal is the transporting of gas through a coal briquette. Experimentally implemented variety of boundary conditions allowed for a more complete verification of the assumed theoretical model and possibly for the exact determination of filtration parameters. The experimental set-up built for this purpose, allows for pressure and temperature measurement on the briquette side surface.
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Przekop, Rafał. "Estimation of Filtration Efficiency – from Simple Correlations to Digital Fluid Dynamics." Chemical and Process Engineering 38, no. 1 (2017): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2017-0004.
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AbstractAerosol filtration in fibrous filters is one of the principal methods of accurate removal of particulate matter from a stream of gas. The classical theory of depth filtration of aerosol particles in fibrous structures is based on the assumption of existing single fibre efficiency, which may be used to recalculate the overall efficiency of entire filter. Using “classical theory” of filtration one may introduce some errors, leading finally to a discrepancy between theory and experiment. There are several reasons for inappropriate estimation of the single fibre efficiency: i) neglecting of shortrange interactions, ii) separation of inertial and Brownian effects, ii) perfect adhesion of particles to the fibre, iv) assumption of perfect mixing of aerosol particles in the gas stream, v) assumption of negligible effect of the presence of neighbouring fibres and vi) assumption of perpendicular orientation of homogenous fibres in the filtration structure. Generally speaking, “classical theory” of filtration was used for characterization of the steady - state filtration process (filtration in a clean filter, at the beginning of the process) without deeper investigation of the influence of the nternal structure of the filter on its performance. The aim of this review is to outline and discuss the progress of deep-bed filtration modelling from the use of simple empirical correlations to advanced techniques of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Digital Fluid Dynamics.
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Shazhdekeyeva, Nurgul, Beket Kenzhegulov, Aigul Myrzasheva, Galymzhan Kabylkhamitov, and Raigul Tuleuova. "Numerical methods for solving improper problems of filtration theory." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 19, no. 1 (2021): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-27897.
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This paper is devoted to the development and investigation of methods of mathematical and computer simulation of the process of fluid filtration in a porous medium. The methods of numerical solution of the problems of the filtration theory of build-up of conditions in the catchment and discharge areas boundaries, identification of filtration-capacitive parameters of the effective formation and determination of free (unknown) boundaries and creation of computational algorithms for analysis and forecast of technological indicators of oil and gas fields are considered. Methods and models of continuum mechanics, filtration theories, and methods for solving ill-defined problems, numerical modeling and computer programming were used. Approximate Numerical methods for solving direct and inverse problems of filtration theory, mathematical models for single-phase isothermal filtration of a gas mixture in a horizontal formation at small concentration gradients of components, studying the properties of self-similar solutions, as well as numerical solving the problem of identifying the capacitive parameters of the water-bearing stratum.
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Bors, Dorota, and Stanisław Walczak. "Application of 2D systems to investigation of a process of gas filtration." Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing 23, no. 1-2 (2010): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11045-010-0110-7.
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Vera, L., S. Delgado, and S. Elmaleh. "Gas sparged cross-flow microfiltration of biologically treated wastewater." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 10-11 (2000): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0636.
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A novel technique was tested for reducing tubular mineral membrane fouling by injecting gas into a cross-flow stream. The injected gas is thought to form complex hydrodynamic conditions inside the microfiltration module, which increase the wall shear stress, preventing the membrane fouling and enhancing the microfiltration mass transfer. The experimental study was carried out with biologically treated wastewater filtered through a tubular inorganic membrane (Carbosep M14). The flux, monotonously increasing with gas velocity, was more than tripled. New dimensionless quantities of shear stress number and resistance number were developed by generalisation of the dimensional analysis already carried out for the steady state flux of classical unsparged cross-flow filtration. A unique formalism allowed then interpreting the experimental results of both classical diphasic filtration and sparged filtration. The main limiting mass transport process was due to the solid content.
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Lua, A. C., and R. F. Boucher. "Magnetic Filtration of Fine Particles from Gas Streams." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 207, no. 2 (1993): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_214_02.
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Dust particles from the basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process were removed from air streams using a laboratory high-gradient magnetic filter. Particle sizes and number concentrations were determined by an optical particle spectrometer and were found to be largely in the submicrometre range. Dust loadability increased greatly when a magnetic field was applied and showed no deterioration in filter performance, even though the matrix had captured 10 times its own volume of dust. Particle penetrations of 1 per cent and less were achieved for submicrometre particles down to an optically measurable 0.24 μm diameter. Varying only one parameter at a time has isolated the individual effects of filter length, magnetic field, matrix packing fraction, gas velocity and wire size and aspect ratio. The dimensionless groups in an idealized single-wire model for high-gradient magnetic filtration are not adequate for a real filter. Other dimensionless parameters, viz. average dimensionless wire separation and cumulative dimensionless wire blockage, arise and are found to be important.
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Ezure, Ryosuke, Yuma Arai, Daiki Nakano, Hiroyuki Komatsu, and Hideo Tajima. "Novel SF6 gas concentration method using hydrate-based gas uptake and sweating process." Separation and Purification Technology 305 (January 2023): 122441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122441.
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Bolonny, V. T. "ESTIMATION OF THE MAIN GAS PIPELINE OPERATION UNDER EMERGENCY CONDITIONS OF GAS LEAKAGE." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Number, no. 1(53) (September 27, 2019): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2019-1(53)-122-131.
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The characteristics of the gas transportation system of Ukraine are presented, the emergency risks of domestic gas transportation pipeline systems are established. The analysis of the accident rate of gas pipeline transport in Ukraine and Russia was carried out. Presented technique of determining the emergency pressure in the pipeline, depending on the amount of gas losses from pipeline at the point of its leakage provides an opportunity to determine the volume of gas losses from the pipeline and to evaluate the environmental risks due to emergency situations of gas pipeline transport. This technique makes it possible to calculate the pressure at each point of pipeline under nonstationary conditions caused by changes in pressure at the beginning and at the end of the sector and the emergence of concentrated gas leakage.
 Based on the results of calculations, a graph of pressure change of the oscillatory process in the gas pipeline caused by jump of pressures at the beginning and at the end of the sector, and the presence of probable leakages at the determined point of the trace was constructed. The linear part of the main gas pipelines is the most dangerous object, as all emergency situations are associated with emergency processes of different intensity in the form of gas leakage into the environment and in fact are dangerous when system failures appear. The process and the time period for the formation of the gas pollution zone depend on the amount of gas leakage, its intensity and depth of the gas pipeline.
 The filtration resistance of the soil as a porous medium, in particular its permeability, have a significant effect on the amount of gas leakage through corrosive orifice. As a result, there is a correlation between the amount of gas losses associated with the leakage, and the laws of its filtration in the surrounding soil.
 As a result, the effect of gas filtration process in the soil in the event of leakage from pipelines has been investigated. The graphic dependence of change in pressure of the filtration resistance of the medium and the time-changing leakage which are designed for different soil characteristics is obtained.
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Li, Hai Xia, and Zhan Xu Tie. "Numerical Simulation of Gas Purification by Filtration with Ceramic Filter." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1520.
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The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the process of gas purification with ceramic filters. The gas /solid two-phase flow field in the ceramic filter vessel was simulated using the Eulerian two-fluid model provided by FLUENT code. The variations of the pressure distribution in the filter cavity were analyzed. The distribution of the dust cake density along the under cleaning filter length was studied.
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Wang, F., H. L. Zhu, H. P. Zhang, H. Y. Tang, J. Y. Chen, and Y. H. Guo. "Surface microstructure evolution of polytetrafluoroethylene microporous materials by a casting–lyophilization–calcining (CLC) method." RSC Advances 5, no. 105 (2015): 86387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13696b.
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Harmata, Władysław. "Testing filter elements for gas masks." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 201, no. 3 (2021): 464–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3399.
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Contemporary threats to the natural environment due to atmospheric aerosols, including biological ones, are presented. The filtration process and practical solutions for the protection of the respiratory system against aerosols are characterized. The paper presents the results of tests on a flat filter card-board and a filter used in military gas filters for gas masks.
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Roy, Nick, Venyamin Solovyov, Viktoriia Dmytrenko, and Vasyl Savyk. "On Modern Possibilities of Research on Gas and Gas-Condensate Wells in Any Filtering Mode." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.8 (2018): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.8.27279.
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The analysis of studies examining gas and gas condensate wells in industrial practice indicates the positivity of carrying off work on the study of wells in the case of stationary filtration according to the traditional technology or technology of research in one mode actually worked out. In the case of examining high-permeable layers with nonstationary filtration, the studies are reduced to obtaining the pressure recovery curves and applying mathematical techniques for obtaining required information about the studied layers by means of  interpretating  them.It has been emphasized that it is the possible to use a new method of research and create of a methodology for interpreting the data obtained.In addition, a method is proposed for preliminary estimation of the value of initial gas reserves. It provides simplifying the calculation method by reducing the amount of output data; reduction of a considerable amount of geophysical research (one mode of research, is enough which combines the operation of the well in the mode and the closure of the well for the removal of  PBU curve). If one adds the possibility of application of the software product to these advantages, then we can state that solving task of calculating gas reserves in a wider spectrum can be optimized.The position on compliance with the limits of the technological corridor in the process of exploitation and research of wells has also been outlined. The method of its determination does not depend on what the filtration process is, that is whether it is stationary or non-stationary. It is characterized by relative simplicity and accessibility. Â
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KAPLUNOV, D. R., A. N. KACHURIN, G. V. FRIDLENDER, and M. P. GANIN. "CALCULATING FILTRATION AIR FLOW IN THE BLOCK OF GASIFIED COAL BED." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 2, no. 1 (2020): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-2-1-283-289.
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The mathematical model for calculating the filtration air flow in the block of gasified coal bed is substantiated. It is proved that the rate of filtration of the air flow in the block of gasified coal bed will depend on the gas permeability of coal and the difference between the squares of the air pressure on the lines of injection and production wells. It is shown that the filtration rate of the air flow in the block of gasified coal bed is one of the main physical parameters of the process of underground coal gasification. Obviously, the efficiency of underground coal gasification can be controlled by changing the rate of filtration of the air flow, by changing the gas permeability of the coal bed and the differential pressure of air on the lines of injection and production wells.
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Lackowski, Marcin, Andrzej Krupa, and Anatol Jaworek. "Nanofabric nonwoven mat for filtration smoke and nanoparticles." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 15, no. 2 (2013): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2013-0023.
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The process of production of filtration mats of various thickness from PVC and PVDF polymers by the electrospinning method is presented in the paper. Filtration of nanoparticles and submicron particles is an important problem in industry and health protection systems, in particular in air-conditioning and ventilation appliances. This problem can be effectively solved by application of non-woven fibrous filtration mats. The experimental investigations of mechanical properties of nanofibrous filtration mats produced by electrospinning and the measurements of removal efficiency of submicron particles from flowing gas have indicated potential usefulness of these nanomats for gas cleaning of air-conditioning systems and/or ventilation ducts. The experimental results obtained for cigarette smoke of a mass median diameter of about 1 μm, used as test particles, have shown that nonwoven nanofibrous filtration mats produced by electrospinning have a good filtration efficiency for nano- and submicron particles, owing to a pressure drop similar to HEPA filters. Particles of this size are particularly difficult to be removed from the flow by a conventional method, for example, by a cyclone or electrostatic precipitator.
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Selivyorstova, Tatjana, Vadim Selivyorstov, and Yuliia Mala. "Fractional-differential approach to describe the process of feeding metals and alloys solidifying under controlled gas pressure." System technologies 4, no. 135 (2021): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/1562-9945-4-135-2021-15.
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To describe the processes of filtration in the folding dendritic-porous middle of the proponation, a number of fractional-differential mathematical models of the diffusion type. Described non-linear, how to take the shot of the abducted Riman-Leeuwill for an hour, as it can be stuck for a correct description of the single-phase filtration of not Newtonian age in the porous middle.The two-phase zone, which is established during the transition from melting from hard to hard mill, can often be characterized by abnormal kinetics of resistance. The peculiarities of kinetics in the whole range of winners are related to the issues of widespread nonlocality, in a number of types, memory defects, which adhere to the progressive laws. The mathe-?atical apparatus, which allows to adequately describe such processes, is the theory of integration-differentiation of the fractional order.Victorians in robotic thinking have a phenomenological character, so the possibility of their dependence in a specific, practical dermal condition is blamed on the basis of experimental results, so that the validity of other differences is confirmed. Stagnation of the given approach for describing the dynamics of the process of vitality of the two-phase zones and metals and alloys, which solidifies in the minds of a regulated gas vice. Presented in the fractional-differential robotic model of filtration are classified as abnormal diffusion. A characteristic feature of the ryvnyan, which is derived from different types of differential models of filtration, is not the same. With a whole model, they preserve the structure of the classical lines of filtration in the whole order and pass into them in boundary drops, if the order of the other differentiation is old.Vivchennya yakіsnyh authorities otrimanih іvnyans, and also prompts їh numerical decisions є to finish nontrivial zavdannyi, as vimagayut in the skin okremomu vampad of independent thought.
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Evseev, Nikolay, Mansur Ziatdinov, Vladimir Romandin, Alexander Zhukov, Aidos Tolynbekov, and Yuliya Ryzhikh. "Process of Obtaining Chromium Nitride in the Combustion Mode under Conditions of Co-Flow Filtration." Processes 8, no. 9 (2020): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091056.
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In this work, the combustion process of chromium powder in the co-flow filtration mode was studied. The effect of nitrogen-containing gas flow rate on the nitridation of combustion products is shown. The effect of the amount of argon in the nitrogen–argon mixture on the burning rate and the burning temperature of the chromium powder is shown. It was found that an increase in the percentage of argon in the nitrogen–argon mixture can lead to the formation of an inverse combustion wave. The actual burning temperature is higher than adiabatic burning temperature in the co-flow filtration mode, thus the phenomenon of superadiabatic heating is observed. The phase composition of the obtained combustion products was studied. It was shown that the forced filtration mode allows for synthesizing non-stoichiometric Cr2N nitride.
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Li, Guolin, and Qingliang Zhao. "Dyeing Wastewater Treatment by Ash–Cinder and Dust/Off Gas." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 5 (1991): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0127.
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Two systems using ash–cinder and dust–offgas to treat textile dyeing wastewater were studied, one being an ash-cinder filtration adsorption system, and the other an integrated system consisting of ash–cinder filtration–adsorption and dust/offgas scrubbing adsorption, in which high-color dyeing wastes were introduced to the scale-removal system of a boiler, resulting in both hydraulic antiscaling and wastewater treatment. Because of the very low cost of wastewater treatment and the saving of antiscaling process, comprehensive treatment and utilization of various wastes was sucessfully realized.
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Musakaev, N. G., and S. L. Borodin. "GAS PRODUCTION FROM THE HYDRATE RESERVOIR AT NEGATIVE TEMPERATURES." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (November 1, 2017): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2017-5-80-85.
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The mathematical model of the process of gas hydrate decomposition information to gas and ice is pro-posed. This model takes into account the non-isothermal filtration flow of gas, the adiabatic cooling effect, real gas properties, and Joule-Thomson effect. The influence of bottom hole pressure, permeability of a porous medium, and hydrate saturation on the rate of gas production from the reservoir initially saturated with methane and its hydrate was analyzed.
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Sharapov, A. S. "Research Modes Using Filtration Technologies in Gas Condensate Fields." Oil and Gas Technologies 129, no. 4 (2020): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2020-129-4-19-24.
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The article shows the methods of hydrodynamic research: in stationary and non-stationary mode, which were carried out at the Urengoy gas condensate field. The filtration resistance coefficients A (by the nature of opening a gas well) and B (by the degree of opening of a gas well) are determined in the article. As a result, conclusions were drawn that in the process of developing the Urengoy field in recent years, the coefficients A and B did not change significantly. As a result of the analysis of hydrodynamic studies at the Urengoyskoye field, several recommendations have been made to improve the development of the Senoman reservoir. The most important is the conduct of PIP to assess the adhesion of cement stone to the column and filling the annular space with cement mortar in the intervals of opening of productive thicknesses, this is indicated by the anomalies of the internal pressure coefficient.
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Özyalcin, Can, Peter Mauermann, Steffen Dirkes, Paul Thiele, Stefan Sterlepper, and Stefan Pischinger. "Investigation of Filtration Phenomena of Air Pollutants on Cathode Air Filters for PEM Fuel Cells." Catalysts 11, no. 11 (2021): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11111339.
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Filtration of cathode air is one of the challenges in operating proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The poisoning with air contaminants can lead to rapid performance degradation and initiate an aging process of the fuel cell. Various commercially available cathode filters are being tested in a laboratory gas test bench within the research project X-EMU (03B10502B and 03B10502B2). A literature review of harmful gas contaminants in the air used for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode side was conducted. Experimental investigations took place at 40 °C with synthetic humid air containing low concentration contaminants such as ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and toluene. Test durations varied from 3 to 24 h depending on the filtration efficiency. Each gas contaminant showed different reactions with the investigated filters. The filters did not let sulfur-containing components pass. However, carbon monoxide could not be filtrated by any of the tested filters. The filtration of nitrogen oxides was not efficient for all tested filters, while additional filter materials were essential for a successful filtration of ammonia. Comparative results lead to a discussion of possible effects on a fuel cell with an outlook on optimization of the filtration behavior.
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Strzelecki, Tomasz, and Michał Strzelecki. "Relation Between Filtration and Soil Consolidation Theories." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 37, no. 1 (2015): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sgem-2015-0012.
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Abstract This paper presents a different, than commonly used, form of equations describing the filtration of a viscous compressible fluid through a porous medium in isothermal conditions. This mathematical model is compared with the liquid flow equations used in the theory of consolidation. It is shown that the current commonly used filtration model representation significantly differs from the filtration process representation in Biot’s and Terzaghi’s soil consolidation models, which has a bearing on the use of the methods of determining the filtration coefficient on the basis of oedometer test results. The present analysis of the filtration theory equations should help interpret effective parameters of the non-steady filtration model. Moreover, equations for the flow of a gas through a porous medium and an interpretation of the filtration model effective parameters in this case are presented.
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Park, Sangcheol, Yun Haeng Joe, Joonmok Shim, Hyunseol Park, and Weon Gyu Shin. "Non-uniform filtration velocity of process gas passing through a long bag filter." Journal of Hazardous Materials 365 (March 2019): 440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.098.
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Mirza A. Dadash-Zade and Ru Cao. "The Impact of Surface Conditions on Natural Gas Filtration Process under Reservoir Conditions." International Journal of Electric Power and Energy Studies 3, no. 1 (2024): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijepes.v3n1.04.
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The analysis indicates that by this time, the term "model" has already been widely disseminated. Using such models, different process details can be defined to obtain necessary parameters or verify proposed assumptions. It is important to note that modeling does not replace the study of the object; rather, it serves as a supplementary source of information about the reservoir or well, and it is also used in modeling.
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Musakaev, N. G., S. L. Borodin, and D. S. Belskikh. "Mathematical modeling of the process of the injection of carbon dioxide into a formation containing methane and its hydrate." Multiphase Systems 19, no. 2 (2024): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/mfs2024.2.008.
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Recently, special attention is paid to the development of deposits of natural gas hydrates due to their wide distribution in nature and the large reserves of hydrocarbons contained in such deposits. The article discusses an innovative gas extraction method based on the injection of carbon dioxide into a gas hydrate formation. This technology makes it possible to accumulate greenhouse gases in solid gas hydrate form at very low economic costs, as well as solve the problem of natural gas extraction. A mathematical model of non-isothermal filtration of carbon dioxide in the gaseous state, methane and water is constructed based on methods and equations of mechanics of multiphase media considering the replacement of methane in the gas hydrate with carbon dioxide to obtain predictive calculations. The model additionally takes into account such important factors as filtration flow of water and gas, real gas properties, Joule–Thomson and adiabatic compression effects; the process of CH4 –CO2 replacement in gas hydrate is assumed to be equilibrium. The equations are presented to calculate the values of the main process parameters (pressure, temperature, mass fraction of gas phase components, phase saturations, etc.) in one-dimensional radial axisymmetric approximation. Discrete analogues of differential equations are written down and an algorithm for numerical solution of the proposed mathematical model is given. Calculation of saturation distributions of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates is carried out considering their phase equilibrium at current values of pressure, temperature and water saturation. Numerical solutions are constructed that describe the distributions of pressure, temperature, mass concentrations of gas phase components and saturations of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates in the reservoir for the problem of injecting carbon dioxide into a reservoir initially saturated with methane and its hydrate.
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Tananykhin, Dmitry, Maxim Grigorev, Maxim Korolev, Timur Solovyev, Nikolay Mikhailov, and Mark Nesterov. "Experimental Evaluation of the Multiphase Flow Effect on Sand Production Process: Prepack Sand Retention Testing Results." Energies 15, no. 13 (2022): 4657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134657.
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This paper considers a field with high-viscosity oil in a terrigenous weakly consolidated reservoir (sandstone) with a massive gas cap and an aquifer. The major challenge in the field operation is the migration of solid sand particles into the well, accompanied by a breakthrough of water and/or gas. The goal of the investigation was to evaluate the degree of influence on the sanding process of water and gas shares in the produced fluid and to determine the effect of pressure drop. The research methodology is based on a series of filtration experiments on small-sized bulk reservoir models. Particle size distribution of bulk models was created in accordance with that of the reservoir. The experiments were made in the form of Prepack Sand Retention Tests (SRT). Gas breakthrough allows sand production on a relatively high level for a longer amount of time, even though the concentration of solids in the produced fluid is lower than that of water breakthrough. On the other hand, water breakthrough triggers higher sand production, but it rapidly decreases as time goes on. Retained permeability of the model-screen system from the drawdown pressure (pressure gradient) and phase distribution of the flow were investigated. Moreover, a methodology has been developed for conducting filtration tests on bulk reservoir models to evaluate the efficiency of different screens (wire-wrapped screens, in particular).
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Arouca, A. M. M., G. C. Gerkman, F. O. Arouca, L. G. M. Vieira, and J. J. R. Damasceno. "Evaluation of Self Cleaning System in Aerosol Filtration Using Synthetic Filter." Materials Science Forum 802 (December 2014): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.802.220.
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In industries that work with particulate material is observed from among other concerns, not to discard solid material in the air. Aiming to develop gas-solid filtration equipment more efficient, the study of a self-cleaning system utilizing filter fabric made from synthetic material, was conducted using the phosphate rock as particulate material. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of a vibratory system filtration of gases. The system is made up a box filter coupled to an eccentric motor which causes a continuous vibration during the filtration cycle, not being necessary to interrupt the process to the procedure of fabric filter cleaning. We used polyester synthetic filter for the tests. With known relative humidity and temperature at which the tests were performed, it was possible to estimate the performance of the equipment in continuous vibration filtration of pulverulent material dispersed in gas currents, under the influence of different vibration frequencies.