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Journal articles on the topic 'Gas metal arc welding'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2024

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1

Hafez, Khalid M., Mohamed Mosalam Ghanem, Hamed A. Abdel-Aleem, and Naglaa Fathy. "Effect of Welding Processes on Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of DP780 Steel Welded Joints for the Automotive Industry." Key Engineering Materials 835 (March 2020): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.835.101.

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Arc welding processes are widely used in the automotive industry among other welding processes. Consequently, laser welding technology is being used instead of arc welding due to the rapid heating and cooling characteristics of the laser. In this study, empirical investigations and comparative study are held out on the arc and laser beam welded joints of DP780 dual-phase steel. Accordingly, weld joint microstructures, hardness distribution, and fatigue properties cross the butt-welded joints were investigated. The results showed that laser beam welding produces narrow fusion and heat-affected zones while gas metal arc welding produced wide welds with incomplete penetration. It was observed that the microstructure of the laser joint weld metal has mainly lath martensite in the ferritic matrix, while microstructure of gas metal arc weld metal relies upon filler type. Heat-affected zone in DP780 steel exhibit hardness softening in both laser beam welding and gas metal arc welding due to martensite tempering, a wider softening region was clearly observed in heat-affected zone welded by gas metal arc welding than laser beam welding. Generally, fatigue ratio, fatigue limit and fatigue life of the welded joints were improved by using laser welding.

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2

HIRATA, Yoshinori. "Gas shielded Metal Arc Welding." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 77, no. 4 (2008): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.77.296.

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3

Pocica, Anna. "Gas-Shielded Metal Arc Welding." Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa 2019, no. 4 (2019): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17729/ebis.2019.4/5.

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4

Chae, H.-B., C.-H. Kim, J.-H. Kim, and S. Rhee. "The effect of shielding gas composition in CO2 laser—gas metal arc hybrid welding." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 222, no. 11 (November 1, 2008): 1315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem944.

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In carbon dioxide (CO2) laser—gas metal arc hybrid welding, a shielding gas is supplied to isolate the molten metal from the ambient air, suppress the laser-induced plasma, remove the plume out of the keyhole, and stabilize the metal transfer. In this study, a shielding gas consisting of helium, argon, and CO2 was used, and its effects on the composition of the welding phenomena, such as behaviours of laser-induced plasma generation, molten pool flow, and droplet transfer in gas metal arc welding, were investigated. High-speed video observation was used to investigate the welding phenomena inside the arc regime. Consequently, helium was found to have a dominant role in suppressing laser-induced plasma; minimum helium content at a laser power of 8 kW was suggested for laser autogenous and hybrid welding. Argon and CO2 govern the droplet transfer and arc stability. A 12 per cent addition of CO2 stabilizes the metal transfer and eliminates undercut caused by insufficient wetting of molten metal.

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5

Ebrahimpour, Reza, Rasul Fesharakifard, and Seyed Mehdi Rezaei. "An adaptive approach to compensate seam tracking error in robotic welding process by a moving fixture." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): 172988141881620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418816209.

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Welding is one of the most common method of connecting parts. Welding methods and processes are very diverse. Welding can be of fusion or solid state types. Arc welding, which is classified as fusion method, is the most widespread method of welding, and it involves many processes. In gas metal arc welding or metal inert gas–metal active gas, the protection of the molten weld pool is carried out by a shielding gas and the filler metal is in the form of wire which is automatically fed to the molten weld pool. As a semi-metallic arc process, the gas metal arc welding is a very good process for robotic welding. In this article, to conduct the metal active gas welding torch, an auxiliary ball screw servomechanism is proposed to move under a welder robot to track the welded seam. This servomechanism acts as a moving fixture and operates separately from the robot. At last, a decentralized control method based on adaptive sliding mode is designed and implemented on the fixture to provide the desired motion. Experimental results demonstrate an appropriate accuracy of seam tracking and error compensation by the proposed method.

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6

Yurtisik, Koray, Suha Tirkes, Igor Dykhno, C. Hakan Gur, and Riza Gurbuz. "Characterization of duplex stainless steel weld metals obtained by hybrid plasma-gas metal arc welding." Soldagem & Inspeção 18, no. 3 (September 2013): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242013000300003.

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Despite its high efficiency, autogenous keyhole welding is not well-accepted for duplex stainless steels because it causes excessive ferrite in as-welded duplex microstructure, which leads to a degradation in toughness and corrosion properties of the material. Combining the deep penetration characteristics of plasma arc welding in keyhole mode and metal deposition capability of gas metal arc welding, hybrid plasma - gas metal arc welding process has considered for providing a proper duplex microstructure without compromising the welding efficiency. 11.1 mm-thick standard duplex stainless steel plates were joined in a single-pass using this novel technique. Same plates were also subjected to conventional gas metal arc and plasma arc welding processes, providing benchmarks for the investigation of the weldability of the material. In the first place, the hybrid welding process enabled us to achieve less heat input compared to gas metal arc welding. Consequently, the precipitation of secondary phases, which are known to be detrimental to the toughness and corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steels, was significantly suppressed in both fusion and heat affected zones. Secondly, contrary to other keyhole techniques, proper cooling time and weld metal chemistry were achieved during the process, facilitating sufficient reconstructive transformation of austenite in the ferrite phase.

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7

Darakov, D. S., V. I. Vishnyakov, A. A. A. Ennan, and S. A. Kiro. "Fume emissions by electric arc during gas metal arc welding." Physics of Aerodisperse Systems, no. 60 (December 15, 2022): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/0367-1631.2022.60.267071.

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The influence of welding arc regime on the welding fumes formation is studied by numerical modeling via description of separate processes inside the space charge regions near electrodes in the welding arc with consumable electrode. The modeling comprises the calculation of temperature profiles for electrons and heavy component, calculation of space distribution of gas components’ number densities, of gas particles’ mean free pathes, of electric potential and field, calculation of the heat transfer from electrode wire (anode) to molten pool (cathode). The formation of high temperature metal vapor from molten pool to environment as a function of arc current is demonstrated. The nucleation in the plasma of welding fumes is considered with taken into account ionization of vapor atoms via their interaction with nucleus surface. The growth of nucleus droplets via vapor condensation and coalescence is calculated. The coagulation of solid primary particles for various values of welding current is calculated and inhalable particle size distribution is demonstrated.

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8

Mohan, Sreejith, S. P. Sivapirakasham, P. Bineesh, and K. K. Satpathy. "Strategies for Controlling Welding Fumes at the Source - A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 2539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.2539.

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Exposure to welding fumes and its related hazards has always been a matter of serious concern. The mass and composition of fumes from welding depends on several factors. A detailed knowledge of these factors is necessary for understanding the mechanism of fume formation and developing suitable control strategies. This paper gives a literature overview on the various factors affecting welding fumes and strategies for controlling it. The paper focus on types of welding process like Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) or Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW), Gas and Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The research in the area of controlling fumes at the source has grown rapidly recently. Still, effective methods have hardly been explored. Improving arc stability by addition of materials with low ionization potential to the welding electrode lead to promising new research directions.

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9

Ren, Guochun, Pu Zhong, and Liangyu Li. "Modeling and simulation of arc dynamic behavior in Tri-Arc twin wire GMAW." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2691, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2691/1/012014.

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Abstract The triple-arc (Tri-Arc) twin wire gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is an innovative approach to twin-wire welding. It establishes two arcs between the welding wires and the workpiece and introduces a third arc, called the “M arc” between the two wires. To theoretically analyze how various welding parameters affect this process, an equivalent circuit method is employed to establish a dynamic mathematical model for Tri-Arc twin wire gas metal arc welding. The welding process is characterized and simulated using MATLAB simulations to analyze variations in current signals and the wire stick-out. The results indicate that the main arc burns in a dynamic equilibrium state with periodic fluctuations, the current gradually decreases over time, and the arc is elongated. These simulation outcomes closely mirror real welding processes.

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10

Li, Kai, Hong Ming Gao, and Hai Chao Li. "Arc Behavior of Dry Hyperbaric Gas Metal Arc Welding." Advanced Materials Research 988 (July 2014): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.988.245.

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The arc behavior in dry hyperbaric Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process was investigated by using a high speed camera system and welding electric signal acquisition system. The arc shape in hyperbaric argon environment of 0.1-2MPa shows quite different characteristic from that at normal pressure. With the increase of ambient pressure, the arc length turns shorter, arc column is contracted, and the arc brightness increases. At elevated ambient pressure, the arc length increases with increasing welding voltage. Arc voltage has a good linear relation with arc length. The sum of the fall voltages at ambient pressure of 0.4MPa, 0.8MPa, and 2MPa is nearly constant which is about 20.2-21.7V. The values of electric field strength of arc column at different ambient pressure were gained through the linear fit, which are increased with increasing ambient pressure. The arc static characteristics at elevated ambient pressure are raising characteristics, and it is shifted upward with increasing ambient pressure.

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11

Hudec, Zdeněk. "Gas Metal Rapid Arc Welding Potential." Manufacturing Technology 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/x.2012/a/1213-2489/mt/12/2/113.

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12

Kah, P., R. Suoranta, and J. Martikainen. "Advanced gas metal arc welding processes." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 67, no. 1-4 (September 30, 2012): 655–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4513-5.

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13

Chen, Mao Ai, Yuan Ning Jiang, and Chuan Song Wu. "Effect of Current Waveform on Metal Transfer in Controlled Short Circuiting Gas Metal Arc Welding." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.202.

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With high-speed welding inverter and precisely controlling the welding current with arc-bridge state, advanced pulse current waveforms can be produced to optimize the transfer characteristics of short circuiting transfer welding. In this paper, the images of droplet/wire, and the transient data of welding current and arc voltage were simultaneously recorded to study the influence of peak arcing current, background arcing current and tail-out time on the stability of short circuiting transfer process. It was found that maximum short circuiting transfer stability is reached under specific welding conditions. Any deviation from these conditions will cause abnormal rises in arc voltage indicating instantaneous arc extinguishing and greater spatter. Optimal welding conditions were obtained to achieve the maximum stability of short circuiting metal transfer process.

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14

Hu, J., and H. L. Tsai. "Metal Transfer and Arc Plasma in Gas Metal Arc Welding." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 8 (October 12, 2006): 1025–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2724847.

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This article analyzes the transient complex heat transfer and fluid flow in molten metal and arc plasma during the gas metal arc welding process. The model predicts the formation, growth, detachment, and transfer of droplets from the tip of a continuously fed electrode under the influences of several competing forces including gravity, electromagnetic force, arc pressure, plasma shear stress, and surface tension. Simulations were conducted for five different current levels to study the effects of current on the distributions of temperature, velocity, pressure, and current density in the droplet and/or the arc plasma. Agreement between the simulated results and published experimental data was obtained.

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15

Aghakhani, Masood, Maziar Mahdipour Jalilian, and Alimohammad Karami. "Prediction of Weld Bead Dilution in GMAW Process Using Fuzzy Logic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 3171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.3171.

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Gas metal arc welding is one of the most important arc welding processes used in manufacturing and repair. In this process selecting appropriate values for process variables is essential in order to decide upon metal transfer and subsequently control the heat input into the workpiece from which reliable predictions could be made about the metallurgical, mechanical properties and performance of the welded joints. In this paper, the welding dilution in gas metal arc welding of ST37 steel has been predicted by fuzzy logic. A five level five factor rotatable central composite design was used to collect the welding data and the weld dilution was modeled as a function of wire feed rate, welding voltage, nozzle-to-plate distance, welding speed and gas flow rate.

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16

RIBEIRO, P. P. G., P. D. C. ASSUNÇÃO, E. M. BRAGA, R. A. RIBEIRO, and A. P. GERLICH. "Metal Transfer Mechanisms in Hot-Wire Gas Metal Arc Welding." Welding Journal 99, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 281s—294s. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2020.99.026.

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The hot-wire gas metal arc welding (HW-GMAW) process is widely used to increase the melting rate of a secondary wire through Joule heating without significantly increasing the total heat input to the substrate. Because there is limit-ed knowledge regarding the associated arc dynamics and its influence on bead geometry, the present study considers how these are affected by the hot-wire polarity (negative or positive), hot-wire feed rate, and hot-wire orientation using a two-factor full factorial experiment with three replicates. During welding, high-speed imaging synchronized with current and voltage acquisition to study the arc dynamics. After this, each replicated weld was cut into three cross sections, which were examined by standard metallography. The preliminary results suggest that the arc was stable within the range of process parameters studied. The arc polarity played a role on arc position relative to the hot wire, with a decrease in penetration depth observed when the arc was attracted to the hot wire.

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17

Balos, Sebastian, Miroslav Dramicanin, and Petar Janjatovic. "Gas metal arc welding of metal-polymer-metal sheets." Tribology and Materials 1, no. 2 (2022): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2022.008.

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Metal-polymer-metal (MPM) sheets are sandwich panels used for housings of large industrial electric motors and generators, vehicle body panels, flooring, various bulkheads, wheel arching, engine and gearbox shielding, etc. Their main advantage over classic steel panels in form of plates is their acoustic dampening properties. Joining of such plating is challenging because the polymer interlayer evaporates and the resulting fumes may cause the plates to deform. In this paper, GMAW welding was used to join metal-polymer-metal sheets, with a square butt joint, single V butt joint combined in one sheet, as well as welding in one pass per side and in multiple bead segments. C1 (CO2) and M21 (Ar + 18 % CO2) shielding gases were used. Tensile, bending and hardness tests were performed, macro and microstructures were tested and the evaporation, melting and cross-linking distances were recorded. It was shown that contrary to the recent tendency of using M21 shielding gas for GMAW welding, C1 proved to offer superior tensile and bending properties of the joint. From the point of view of simplicity and productivity, a square butt joint proved to be optimal.

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18

YUE, Jianfeng. "Welding pool adaptive vision detection for arc welding robot gas metal arc welding." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 04 (2008): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.04.206.

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19

Ribeiro, Rafael, Paulo Assunção, Emanuel Dos Santos, Ademir Filho, Eduardo Braga, and Adrian Gerlich. "Application of Cold Wire Gas Metal Arc Welding for Narrow Gap Welding (NGW) of High Strength Low Alloy Steel." Materials 12, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030335.

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Narrow gap welding is a prevalent technique used to decrease the volume of molten metal and heat required to fill a joint. Consequently, deleterious effects such as distortion and residual stresses may be reduced. One of the fields where narrow groove welding is most employed is pipeline welding where misalignment, productivity and mechanical properties are critical to a successful final assemblage of pipes. This work reports the feasibility of joining pipe sections with 4 mm-wide narrow gaps machined from API X80 linepipe using cold wire gas metal arc welding. Joints were manufactured using the standard gas metal arc welding and the cold wire gas metal arc welding processes, where high speed imaging, and voltage and current monitoring were used to study the arc dynamic features. Standard metallographic procedures were used to study sidewall penetration, and the evolution of the heat affected zone during welding. It was found that cold wire injection stabilizes the arc wandering, decreasing sidewall penetration while almost doubling deposition. However, this also decreases penetration, and incomplete penetration was found in the cold wire specimens as a drawback. However, adjusting the groove geometry or changing the welding parameters would resolve this penetration issue.

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20

Wisnu Wardana, Rahmad, Eakkachai Warinsiriruk, and Sutep Joy-A-Ka. "Selection of Welding Process for Repairing Shredder Hammer by Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and P-robust Technique." MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926904002.

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The Selection of the welding process is one of the most significant decision-making problems, and it involves a wide range of information following the type of product. Hence, the automation of knowledge through a knowledge-based system will significantly enhance the decision-making process and simplify for identifying the most appropriate welding processes. The aims of this paper for explicates a knowledge-based system developed for recognising the most suitable welding processes for repairing shredder hammer by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and p-robust technique. The proposed approach is used for ranking six welding processes which are commonly used, namely shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), flux cored arc welding (FCAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), oxyacetylene gas welding (OAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), and gas metal arc welding (GMAW). In order to determine the best welding process among competitive welding processes for repairing of shredder hammer, ten parameters are used, namely the availability of consumable, welding process type (manual and automatic), flexibility of welding position, weld-ability on base metal, initial preparation required, welding procedures, post-weld cleaning, capital cost, operating factor, and deposition rate. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of regret value (p) is investigated in three cases proposed.

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21

Haidar, J. "A theoretical model for gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding. I." Journal of Applied Physics 84, no. 7 (October 1998): 3518–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368527.

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22

Ye, Dingjian, Xueming Hua, and Yixiong Wu. "Arc Interference Behavior during Twin Wire Gas Metal Arc Welding Process." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/937094.

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In order to study arc interference behavior during twin wire gas metal arc welding process, the synchronous acquisition system has been established to acquire instantaneous information of arc profile including dynamic arc length variation as well as relative voltage and current signals. The results show that after trailing arc (T-arc) is added to the middle arc (M-arc) in a stable welding process, the current of M arc remains unchanged while the agitation increases; the voltage of M arc has an obvious increase; the shape of M arc changes, with increasing width, length, and area; the transfer frequency of M arc droplet increases and the droplet itself becomes smaller. The wire extension length of twin arc turns out to be shorter than that of single arc welding.

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23

Meyendorf, N. "Metal gas reactions in gas-shielded arc welding." Welding International 2, no. 7 (January 1988): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507118809447544.

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24

Simpson, S. W. "Metal transfer instability in gas metal arc welding." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 14, no. 4 (May 2009): 262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136217109x406901.

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25

Lin, Q., X. Li, and S. W. Simpson. "Metal transfer measurements in gas metal arc welding." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 34, no. 3 (January 26, 2001): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/34/3/317.

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26

Kura, Bhaskar, and Praveen Mookoni. "Hexavalent Chromium Exposure Levels Resulting from Shipyard Welding." Journal of Ship Production 14, no. 04 (November 1, 1998): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1998.14.4.246.

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The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is expected to reduce permissible exposure limits of hexavalent chromium from 100 ng/m3between 5 to 0.5 fig/m3. A Navy Industry Task Group study revealed that the impact of proposed regulations on the shipbuilding industry is significant. The estimated cost of compliance by the Navy facilities could be as much as $46 Million/year besides a one-time cost of about $22 Million. Also, the task group estimated that the cost of $9 Million. This paper presents the results of a study undertaken at the University of New Orleans in support of the Navy/Industry Task Group efforts. The study included assessments of Cr(VI) exposure levels for two specific welding processes and three welding scenarios. Airborne particulate matter was collected using personal samplers for two specific welding processes, Gas Metal Arc Welding and Flux-Cored Arc Welding. Two base metals, HY100 and DH36, were considered for Flux-Cored Arc Welding and one base metal, HY100, was considered for Gas Metal Arc Welding. The samples were analyzed for Cr(VI) using OSHA Method 215. Based on the data generated, it can be concluded that Gas Metal Arc Welding and Flux-Cored Arc Welding on HY100 steel result in 8-hr. worker exposures less than 0.5 fig/m3 in a laboratory type setting, though the same levels of exposure may be difficult to be achieved in the field. Flux-Cored Arc Welding on DH36 resulted in exposure above 0.5 ng/m3, again in laboratory type setting.

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27

Weingrill, Leonhard, Martin Schwald, David Frühstück, Clemens Faustmann, and Norbert Enzinger. "Gas Metal Arc Root Welding of Pearlitic Rails Using Magnetic Arc Deflection." MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926902001.

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Magnetic arc deflection was applied to improve gas metal arc root welds on R260 pearlitic rail steel foot samples. During laboratory welding trials parameter optimization was carried out which comprised the welding current, voltage and speed, layer sequence, filler wire diameter, and the external magnetic field. Results were evaluated by visual inspection, and the lateral and diagonal penetration in cross-sections, as well as the microstructure and the hardness in the HAZ. Additionally, the influence of the external magnetic field on the process was studied using a high-speed camera. Overall best results were finally obtained in high welding current spray arc mode (380-400A) with the 1,6mm solid wire and at high welding speed (65cm/min) and two pass per layer sequence, in combination with maximum 30mT magnetic flux density and increased welding voltage (30-31V) for longer arc. A continuously well-formed root with sufficient lateral penetration was achieved and a smooth transition from base metal to weld metal at the lower edges could be achieved. Inside base metal HAZ the microstructure was fully pearlitic and no soft zone occurred. Furthermore, the size of the HAZ was in comparison to aluminothermic weld reduced by more than 75% in comparison to an AT rail weld.

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Xu, Yanling, Na Lv, Gu Fang, Shaofeng Du, Wenjun Zhao, Zhen Ye, and Shanben Chen. "Welding seam tracking in robotic gas metal arc welding." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 248 (October 2017): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.04.025.

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29

Zhang, Y. M., Liguo E, and B. L. Walcott. "Robust Control of Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 124, no. 2 (May 10, 2002): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1470173.

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A system is developed to control the pulsed gas metal arc welding process. To achieve controlled detachment of the droplet, the welding current is switched from a peak level to a background level to induce droplet oscillation. When the droplet moves downwards, the current is switched back to peak level. The combination of downward momentum of the oscillating droplet and increased electromagnetic force guarantees detachment of the droplet. Instead of adjusting duration of the background current, the waveform of the current is adjusted to control the melting rate of the electrode wire without having to change the transfer frequency. It is found that the dynamic model of the process depends on welding operational parameters, which vary with applications, and therefore it is unrealistic for operators to provide welding machines these parameters as inputs. Hence, welding operational parameters are considered as unfixed and their ranges are used to quantify the resultant uncertainty in the dynamic model. As a result, the process is controlled using a single algorithm at different operational parameters. Experiments verified the effectiveness of the system in overcoming two common variations in welding operational parameters, wire speed and contact tube-to-work distance.

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30

Fujiyama, Shoji, Hisaya Komen, and Manabu Tanaka. "Dependency of arc efficiency on welding current in gas metal arc welding." QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 40, no. 4 (2022): 9WL—12WL. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.40.9wl.

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31

Shete, Hanmant Virbhadra, and Sanket Dattatraya Gite. "Optimization of Argon Gas Metal Arc Welding Process Parameters with Regard to Tensile Strength for AISI 310 Stainless Steel Using Taguchi Technique." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 58 (January 11, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.58.1.

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Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is the leading process in the development of arc welding process for higher productivity and quality. In this study, the effect of process parameters of argon gas welding on the strength of T type welded joint of AISI 310 stainless steel is analyzed. The Taguchi technique is used to develop the experimental matrix and tensile strength of the welded joint is measured using experimental method and finite element method. Optimization of input parameter is performed for the maximum tensile strength of welded joint using ANOVA. The results showed that welding speed is the most significant factor affecting the tensile strength followed by voltage in argon gas metal arc welding (AGMAW) process. Argon gas welding process performance with regard to the tensile strength is optimized at voltage: 18.5 V, wire feed speed: 63 m/min and welding speed: 0.36 m/min.

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32

Ashidh, Kalathingal, A. Santha Kumari, A. Sumesh, and N. Rajasekaran. "Influence of Stick-Slip Effect on Gas Metal Arc Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 438–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.438.

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A key factor in the performance of Gas Metal Arc welding (GMAW) is the feedability of the filler wire. Variations in the wire feed speed (WFS) are caused by adverse conditions during welding. These include damaging effects such as “stick-slip” motion of the welding wire, premature wear of the contact tube and, in general, the conduit cable usage during welding. Experiments were conducted to study these issues. The welding parameters such as arc current and voltage were captured by using data logger and the stick-slip effect was analyzed. It was observed that arc waveforms were found to have significant influence because of the stick-slip effect. The corresponding fusion characteristics of the weldments were studied. The voltage change was suggested to specific conduit cable configuration.

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33

Yoo, C. D., H.-K. Sunwoo, and K.-I. Koh. "Investigation on arc light intensity in gas metal arc welding. Part 2: Application to weld seam tracking." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 211, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405971516338.

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The arc sensor has been widely used to detect the weld seam by monitoring welding current or voltage variation during weaving in gas metal arc welding (GMAW). In this work, the arc light intensity and welding resistance are utilized as the seam tracking sensor. Signal characteristics of the arc light intensity and welding resistance are compared when argon and CO2 gas are used for shielding. The performance of signal processing methods such as the least squares and integration methods is evaluated experimentally. It is found that the arc light intensity provides higher quality signals than welding resistance with CO2 gas. While both signal processing methods demonstrate almost equal seam tracking capabilities, the integration method appears to be more efficient because of the short computation time.

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Han, Yu, Ji Chen, Haijun Ma, Xinyu Zhao, Chuansong Wu, and Jinqiang Gao. "Numerical Simulation of Arc and Droplet Behaviors in TIG-MIG Hybrid Welding." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 4520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204520.

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Tungsten inert gas-metal inert gas hybrid welding (TIG-MIG) combines the advantages of tungsten and metal inert gas welding. It can efficiently produce high-quality weld joints that meet modern manufacturing quality and efficiency requirements. Based on heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and electromagnetic theory, a three-dimensional coupled transient model of arc-droplet interactions in TIG-MIG hybrid welding was established. In this study, the temperature field, flow field, electromagnetic force, pressure, and current density parameters were analyzed in the arc space. The results show that introducing TIG welding has a significant impact on MIG welding.

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LUO, JIAN. "A NEW MIXED-INTEGRATED APPROACH TO CONTROL AND IMPROVED WELDED QUALITY OR SURFACING LAYER PROPERTY IN THREE GAS SHIELD ARC WELDING PROCESSES." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 07, no. 01 (June 2008): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686708001310.

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This article introduces three new electromagnetic field control welding and the surface welding technique, namely the gas shield metal arc surfacing technique with electromagnetic stirring and electromagnetic treating (EMS-EMT), the gas shield arc welding technique with dual-frequency electromagnetic field controlling (DF-EMS), and the electromagnetic stirring electrogas arc welding technique (EMS-EGW). The principles and characteristics of three welding processes are explained. The engineering application, basic research direction and development of these welding techniques are pointed out and discussed in this article.

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Thomsen, Jesper Sandberg. "Control of pulsed gas metal arc welding." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 1, no. 2 (2006): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2006.010089.

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Xu, P., M. Rados, and S. W. Simpson. "Circuit simulation for gas metal arc welding." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 4, no. 6 (December 1999): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136217199101537978.

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Pires, I., L. Quintino, R. M. Miranda, and J. F. P. Gomes. "Fume emissions during gas metal arc welding." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 88, no. 3 (July 2006): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772240600720472.

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Moore, K. L., D. S. Naidu, R. Yender, and J. Tyler. "Gas metal arc welding control: Part I." Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications 30, no. 5 (December 1997): 3101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-546x(97)00372-6.

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Huang, Yong, Kehong Wang, Jimi Fang, and Xiaoxiao Zhou. "Multifractal analysis for gas metal arc welding." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 94, no. 5-8 (August 31, 2017): 1903–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0923-8.

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Praveen, P., P. K. D. V. Yarlagadda, and M. J. Kang. "Advancements in pulse gas metal arc welding." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 164-165 (May 2005): 1113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.100.

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He, Kuan Fang, Ji Gang Wu, and Si Wen Xiao. "Synchronic Fuzzy Control of Master and Slave Arc in Twin-Wire Pulsed Metal Active Gas Welding." Advanced Engineering Forum 2-3 (December 2011): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.2-3.69.

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This research aims at the retention of the stability of arcs in twin-arc pulsed metal active gas welding process. That is, a correction-factor fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is designed to keep the stability of arcs of twin-arcs pulsed metal active gas welding (MAG) process. In the controller, the peak arc voltage of the master welding power is controlled by the pulse base time with means of feed back of arc voltage. The peak arc voltage of slave welding power is controlled by the wire feeding speed with means of feed back of peak arc voltage. The adjusting fuzzy control rule with correction factor is introduced to design for controlling rule and table, and the FLC is realized in a Look-Up-Table (LUT) method. With the controller, the arc length can be kept stable in welding process. Experimental results are provided to confirm the effectiveness of this approach.

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Nakamura, Terumi, and Kazuo Hiraoka. "Improvement of Welding Stability and Toughness Using Gas Metal Arc Welding in Pure Ar Shielding Gas." International Journal of Automation Technology 7, no. 1 (January 5, 2013): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2013.p0109.

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We develop a coaxial multilayer solid wire to use in Gas Metal Arc welding with pure Ar shielding gas (Ar-GMA welding). The oxygen concentration in weld metal that degrades the welded parts is reduced using by Ar-GMA welding. We produce stable welds with pure Ar shielding gas and obtain a high-quality joint with improved toughness.

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DERRIEN, RICHARD, ETHAN MICHAEL SULLIVAN, STEPHEN LIU, ELODIE MOINE, and FRANCIS BRIAND. "Silicate Island Formation in Gas Metal Arc Welding." Welding Journal 100, no. 01 (January 1, 2021): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2021.100.002.

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Because formation of silicate islands during gas metal arc welding is undesirable due to decreased productivity and decreased quality of welds, it is important to understand the mechanism of the formation of these silicate islands to mitigate their presence in the weld. The effects of welding parameters on the silicate formation rate were studied. Results showed that the applied voltage and oxidizing potential of the shielding gas were the parameters that most strongly influenced the amount of silicates formed on the surface of the weld bead. High-speed video was used to observe the formation of silicate islands during the welding process, which showed that the silicates were present at each stage of the welding process, including the initial melting of the wire electrode, and grew by coalescence. A flow pattern of the silicate islands was also proposed based on video analysis. An electromagnetic levitation system was used to study the growth kinetics of the silicate islands. Silicate coverage rate was found to increase with increasing oxidizing time, increasing oxidizing potential of the atmosphere, and increasing content of alloying elements except for Ti.

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Li, Kehai, and YuMing Zhang. "Metal Transfer in Double-Electrode Gas Metal Arc Welding." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 129, no. 6 (June 9, 2007): 991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2769729.

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Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is the most widely used process for metal joining because of its high productivity and good quality, but analysis shows that the fundamental characteristic restricts conventional GMAW from further increasing the welding productivity. A novel GMAW process, refereed to as double-electrode GMAW or DE-GMAW, thus has been developed to make it possible to increase the melting current while the base metal current can still be controlled at a desired level. This fundamental change provides an effective method to allow manufacturers to use high melting currents to achieve high melting speed and low base metal heat input. A series of experiments have been conducted to uncover the basic characteristics of this novel process. Results obtained from analyses of high-speed image sequences and recorded current signals suggest that DE-GMAW can lower the critical current for achieving the desired spray transfer, shift the droplet trajectory, reduce the diameter of the droplet, and increase the speed and (generation) rate of the droplets.

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Chhibber, Rahul, Yogesh Kumar Singla, and Bijan Kumar Dutta. "Optimization of Process Parameters for Friction Welding of Bimetallic Welds." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.440.

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Bimetallic welds made between ferritic steels and austenitic stainless steels are conventionally fabricated using arc welding procedures such as Tungsten Inert Gas, Metal Inert Gas, Shielded Metal Arc Welding and Submerged Arc Welding. However friction welding provides a new and unique solid state approach for joining many similar and dissimilar materials, which may not be possible to join by other welding techniques available without adding any external filler metal. This approach is mostly used in joining of dissimilar materials. The reason for increased utility being the absence of any external filler material which may otherwise add to the heterogeneity of the weld structure. In this paper, the fabrication and effect of friction welding parameters on mechanical-micro structural changes of bimetallic weld joints has been discussed. An attempt has also been made to relate the effect of friction welding parameters on the peak temperature values taken near faying surface and micro hardness changes measured in various zones of weld.

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Vellaichamy, Ramesh, Radha Krishnan Beemaraj, R. Ashok Raj, Ambrose Edward Irudayaraj, and Mathalai Sundaram Chandrasekar. "Optimization of welding parameters on weld deposits area in pulsed gas metal arc welding." E3S Web of Conferences 509 (2024): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450903007.

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This paper presents a methodology for optimising pulsed gas metal arc welding parameters on Stainless Steel GRADE 410. Most sectors favour the economic welding technique for its favourable outcomes, such as enhanced strength and reduced corrosion. Compared to conventional welding methods, pulsed gas metal arc welding has the advantage of reducing current consumption and increasing the rate at which metal is deposited. An optimisation technique is employed to forecast the weld bead's accurate geometry, penetration depth, and reinforcement height, considering the welding input parameters such as welding speed, current rate, and frequency level. The Taguchi technique uses experimental analysis by considering input and output parameters. A multiple regression analysis model has been developed for SS Grade 410 Stainless steel to determine the bead geometry's correctness.

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Chae, Hyun Byung, Cheol Hee Kim, Jeong Han Kim, and Se Hun Rhee. "Welding Phenomena in Hybrid Laser-Rotating Arc Welding Process." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 4093–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.4093.

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Hybrid laser-rotating arc welding (HLRAW) process was designed by combining the laser beam welding (LBW) process with the rotating gas metal arc welding (RGMAW) process. In this study, comparing with conventional HLAW, weld bead characteristics as a function of the various process parameters were evaluated for HLRAW. Moreover, welding phenomena were analyzed by high speed monitoring with laser illumination. The arc rotation enhances the weld pool motion, therefore it reduces the undercut formation which is one of most critical weld defects in the conventional laser-arc hybrid welding.

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Singaravelu, D. Lenin, G. Rajamurugan, and K. Devakumaran. "Modified Short Arc Gas Metal Arc Welding Process for Root Pass Welding Applications." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 2 (2018): 7828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.463.

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OGINO, Yosuke. "Arc Plasma and Metal Transfer Phenomena in Gas Metal Arc Welding Process." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 92, no. 4 (2023): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.92.236.

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