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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gas sensors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Ryan, Benjamin Thomas. "Polymeric gas sensors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531149.

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2

Archer, P. B. M. "Organometallic gas sensors." Thesis, University of Kent, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379015.

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3

Udina, Oliva Sergi. "Smart Chemical Sensors: Concepts and Application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84079.

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This PhD thesis introduces basic concepts of smart chemical sensors design, which are afterwards applied to a particular application: the analysis of natural gas. The thesis addresses thus two sets of objective, a first set of objectives related to the conceptual design of a smart chemical sensor using smart sensor standards: - The design of an optimal smart chemical sensor architecture - The novel combination in a working prototype of the highly complementary smart sensor standards IEEE-1451 and BS-7986 A second set of objectives is directly related to the selected application

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4

Wallgrén, Kirsi. "Novel amperometric gas sensors." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49484/.

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The electrochemistry of oxygen and methanol at solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)-based amperometric sensors, fabricated according to an all-planar design concept, has been investigated. The solid protonic conductors used were Nafion®-117 membranes and Polybenzimidazole (PBI) films. The working and counter electrodes were non-porous gold and/or platinum layers (300-1500 nm thick), sputtered on the same face of the solid electrolyte, separated by a gap of the ionic conductor (10-1 mm wide) and in contact with the gas sample. Such all-planar solid-state devices could offer potential advantages over

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5

Belghachi, Abderrahmane. "Metal phthalocyanine gas sensors." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293280.

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6

Rigby, Geraldine Patricia. "NOâ†x gas sensors." Thesis, University of Kent, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333520.

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7

Martínez, Hurtado Juan Leonardo. "Gas-sensitive holographic sensors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244643.

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Holographic sensors are photonic layered structures contained in analyte sensitive lms that upon illumination produce monochromatic reflections (λ). The present work reports the fabrication of oxygen and ammonia sensors in Nafi on membranes and hydrocarbon and volatile organic compound sensors in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) films. A holographic recording technique was developed to suit these materials consisting of the in situ formation of nanoparticles of 18nm average diameter and their subsequent ordered ablation with a 300mJ laser. The wavelength of the monochromatic reflections depends p

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8

Haque, M. S. "Gas sensors using carbon nanotubes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603677.

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A novel approach has been adopted for in-situ growth of CNTs on CMOS Silicon on Insulator (SOI) devices. The growth and deposition of CNTs on SOI CMOS has been successfully implemented at high temperature (>700°C) using tungsten as an interconnect. A detailed study of the nanotubes growth dependence on a number of parameters has been carried out on fully processed SOI CMOS substrates. A novel growth process of depositing CNTs using the very low power CMOS microhotplate acting as the thermal source has also been carried out. One of the key advantages of this process is the confinement of high t

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9

Watt, Esther Jane. "Poly(pyrrole) based gas sensors." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338770.

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10

Khunou, Ramotseng. "Gas sensing properties of Ceo2 nanostructures." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7909.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>The industrial safety requirements and environmental pollution have created a high demand to develop gas sensors to monitor combustible and toxic gases. As per specifications of World Health Organization (WHO) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), lengthy exposure to these gases lead to death which can be avoided with early detection. Semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) has been utilized as sensor for several decades. In recent years, there have been extensive investigations of nanoscale semiconductor gas sensor.

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11

Ash, Peter William. "Studies of tin oxide gas sensors for gas chromatographic detection." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2066.

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Gas sensitive semiconductors have been known for many years and applied in static gas alarm systems for the monitoring of hazardous gases, however, their application has been limited by a lack of selectivity. In this work a semiconducting gas sensor has been configured for use as a gas chromatographic detector thus combining the sensitivity of semiconductor sensors with the selectivity of gas chromatography. The study has been confined to tin oxide devices, more specifically the Taguchi gas sensor (TGS) . The majority of this work has concentrated on the TGS 813 although the use of other TGS i

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12

Besnard, Isabelle. "Improvement of conducting polymer gas sensors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341716.

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13

Gautam, Madhav. "Development of Graphene Based Gas Sensors." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1365030920.

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14

Weisser, Karl. "Gas monitoring system using ultrasound sensors." Thesis, KTH, Mikrosystemteknik (Bytt namn 20121201), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91814.

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This thesis reports a collaboration between KTH Microsystem Technology Labs and Maquet critical care. Maquet is a company that produces medical ventilators and anesthesia machines. In an anesthesia machine it is important to monitor the anesthesia concentration that is delivered so that the delivered anesthesia concentration does not deviate from the desired concentration. Furthermore, in case of fail function there is a need to stop the delivery of anesthesia to the patient and flush the system. The anesthetic agent concentration is presently monitored with an infrared spectrometer. By using

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15

Pearce, Ruth Elizabeth. "Carbon nanotubes as fire gas sensors." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5551.

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Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) possess properties that make them particularly relevant for sensing applications in both the gas and liquid phase. This study presents an evaluation of cheap readily available CVD grown MWCNTs for use as fire gas sensors. Current fire detectors exploit heat and smoke detectors and it is hoped that the inclusion of gas detectors will increase the speed and reliability of detection. In order to prepare a variety of different MWCNTs a range of CVD synthesis were employed including an injected catalyst method where MWCNTs grew in dense mats from quartz substr

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16

ZONTA, GIULIA. "Chemoresistive gas sensors for cancer prevention." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488301.

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17

Zhang, Chen. "Piezoelectric-Based Gas Sensors for Harsh Environment Gas Component Monitoring." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538769/.

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In this study, gas sensing systems that are based on piezoelectric smart material and structures are proposed, designed, developed, and tested, which are mainly aimed to address the temperature dependent CO2 gas sensing in a real environment. The state-of-the-art of gas sensing technologies are firstly reviewed and discussed for their pros and cons. The adsorption mechanisms including physisorption and chemisorption are subsequently investigated to characterize and provide solutions to various gas sensors. Particularly, a QCM based gas sensor and a C-axis inclined zigzag ZnO FBAR gas sensor ar

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18

Dungey, S. J. "Modelling of gas transport in porous zeolite-modified discriminating gas sensors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1310248/.

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The ability to distinguish effectively between a range of gases in a reliable, repeatable manner is of major interest with both scientific and commercial relevance. Semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors have a long life-span, are inexpensive and are highly sensitive; however, they are generally found to lack a desired level of selectivity. One highly viable approach for enhancing the selective power of such devices is the addition of a transformation layer. This will typically be a micro- or meso-porous, solid which will act to transform the analyte gas stream by some means. Here the use of z

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19

Díaz, Delgado Raül. "Tin Oxide Gas Sensors: An Electrochemical Approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2743.

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En la actualidad existe una preocupación creciente en lo concerniente a los problemas medioambientales provocados por la actividad humana y en cómo estos problemas pueden afectar a nuestra salud. Uno de los problemas medioambientales más acuciantes es la creciente presencia de gases contaminantes en la atmósfera, y la investigación en este campo trata de determinar tanto las especies que son perjudiciales como las concentraciones a partir de las cuales son nocivas. Por lo que a este último punto se refiere, las legislaciones medioambientales son cada vez más restrictivas respecto a las concent

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20

DeBoer, John Raymond. "Evaluation Methods for Porous Silicon Gas Sensors." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4971.

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This study investigated the behavior of porous silicon gas sensors under exposure to CO, NO, and NH3 gas at the part per million level. Parameters of interest in this study included the electrical, environmental, and chemi-resistive performance associated with various porous silicon morphologies. Based upon the variability of preliminary results, a gas pulsing method was combined with signal processing in order to analyze small impedance changes in an environment of substantial noise. With this technique, sensors could be effectively screened and characterized. Finally this method was comb

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21

Kukkola, J. (Jarmo). "Gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxides." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526202082.

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Abstract The aim of this thesis is to study whether nanostructured particles of WO3 could be competitive counterparts of traditional, more bulky materials in resistive gas sensor applications. Pristine and various surface decorated derivatives of three different types of WO3 nanoparticles applied on the surface of lithographically defined Si chips were used in the work to analyse the electrical behaviour of thin films when exposed to different gas atmospheres. Nanosized particles of WO3, obtained by capillary force-induced collapse of porous anodic tungsten oxide in water, were demonstrated as

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22

Weglicki, Peter Stanislaw. "MOCVD of tin oxide for gas sensors." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26961/.

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Thin films of a wide variety of materials can be produced using an assortment of physical and chemical techniques. Such techniques are reviewed and compared, with particular reference to the deposition of tin oxide films. In the present study, MOCVD (Metal organic chemical vapour deposition) was used to grow thin films of tin oxide from dibutyltin diacetate precursor on a variety of substrates. A series of reactor prototypes were developed in accordance with specific requirements of reproducibility and process control. The evolution of the designs leading to the final working system is detaile

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23

Cavanaugh, Curtis. "AN ADAPTIVE ELECTRONIC INTERFACE FOR GAS SENSORS." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20020108-121219.

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<p>CAVANAUGH, CURTIS C. An Adaptive Electronic Interface for Gas Sensors (Under the direction of H. Troy Nagle).This thesis focuses on the development of an adaptive electronic interface for gas sensors that are used in the NC State electronic nose. We present an adaptive electronic interface that allows for the accurate mapping of the sensor?s voltage output to sensor resistance profiles. The adaptive interface uses a linearized Wheatstone bridge in a constant current configuration. The balancing of the bridge and the adjustment of the subsequent gain stage is performed using programmable var

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24

Khawaja, Jaleed Ejaz. "Asic gas sensors based on ratiometric principles." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2230/.

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The wide-scale usage of VOCs in industrial processes requires monitoring the concentrations of these vapours to keep a safe operating environment. Most combustible hydrocarbons can be ignited as a gas-air mixture in the range of 0.5% to 15% by volume. This has led to the development of several portable air quality monitoring instruments. However, the high costs and lack of durability of these instruments has remained an issue to be addressed. This PhD thesis reports on the development and characterization of a novel low cost smart gas sensor technology adaptable for use in a portable instrumen

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25

Chan-Henry, Robert Yatshein. "Design and development of electrochemical gas sensors." Thesis, City University London, 1992. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7730/.

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Historically, electrochemical gas sensors had suffered from several drawbacks such as poor temperature coefficient, leakage, susceptibility to shock and vibration and orientation sensitivity, which led to poor field reliability. In the present work these problems have largely been overcome by superior design, drawing on field experience in fuel cell and battery technology. The culmination of a sensor design embodying a number of unique concepts has revolutionised electrochemical gas sensor analysis and has pioneered the way for many new and hitherto difficult applications. The main features ar

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26

Darby, John Edward. "Semiconducting Langmuir-Blodgett films as gas sensors." Thesis, University of Kent, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293551.

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27

Steele, J. M. "Metal oxide single crystals as gas sensors." Thesis, University of Kent, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233273.

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28

Morris, Ljuibov. "Surface modification of solid state gas sensors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392366.

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29

Wales, Dominic. "Planar integrated optical Bragg grating gas sensors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366987/.

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This thesis reports the development and modification of direct ultraviolet (UV) written planar integrated optical Bragg grating refractometers for detection of gases and vapours. The technique of direct UV writing utilises the localised refractive index increase within a UV-photosensitive silica layer, when the layer is exposed to a tightly focussed UV beam, to fabricate a wide range of optical waveguides and optical components. One such component, the Bragg grating, is used as an optical sensor for changes in refractive index. This thesis reports on the development of practical planar integra

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30

Cittadini, Michela. "Nanostructured materials for plasmonic based gas sensors." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423667.

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My research work during the PhD was devoted to the development of optical gas sensors based on plasmonics. Sensors based both on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) and Propagating Surface Plasmon Resonance (PSPR), also known as surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) have been studied. The thesis has been divided in two main chapters. In the first one LSPR based gas sensor has been developed using gold nanoparticels (NPs) of different shapes like nanorods (NRs) with medium and high aspect ratio, 3 and 6 respectively, nanodumbbells (NDs) and nanostars (NSs). The LSPR is sensitive to changes

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31

Abhijith, N. "Semi Conducting Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Development And Related Instrumentation." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/281.

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A sensor is a technological device or biological organ that detects, or senses, a signal or physical condition and chemical compounds. Technological developments in the recent decades have brought along with it several environmental problems and human safety issues to the fore. In today's world, therefore, sensors, which detect toxic and inflammable chemicals quickly, are necessary. Gas sensors which form a subclass of chemical sensors have found extensive applications in process control industries and environmental monitoring. The present thesis reports the attempt made in development of Z

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32

Abhijith, N. "Semi Conducting Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Development And Related Instrumentation." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/281.

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A sensor is a technological device or biological organ that detects, or senses, a signal or physical condition and chemical compounds. Technological developments in the recent decades have brought along with it several environmental problems and human safety issues to the fore. In today's world, therefore, sensors, which detect toxic and inflammable chemicals quickly, are necessary. Gas sensors which form a subclass of chemical sensors have found extensive applications in process control industries and environmental monitoring. The present thesis reports the attempt made in development of Zin

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33

Gad, Alaaeldin [Verfasser]. "Solar Diodes: Novel Heterostructured Materials for Self-Powered Gas Sensors / Alaaeldin Gad." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045987670/34.

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34

Sasaki, Isao. "Higher-order Sensors for Fast Detection of Gases." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7591.

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The research is divided into two main parts: the sensing part and the gas delivery part. The reliable chemical information from the chemical sensor requires that the sensitive layer of the sensor exhibits long-term stability. To improve the stability of the sensing layer, camphorsulfonic acid was added to the formic acid. The introduction of photo-irradiation at 254 nm as an additional treatment to the sensing layer was proved to be effective. For gas selectivity of PANI matrix, metal or metal oxide clusters have been incorporated into the matrix. The composite materials of PANI with silver,

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35

Hills, M. "Solid state sensors for gas monitoring and control." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604069.

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A probe for the continuous on-line measurement of hydrogen dissolved in liquid aluminium has been developed using the perovskite proton conductor <i>CaZrO<sub>3</sub></i>-<i>In</i>, in conjunction with a <i>Zr,ZrH<sub>2</sub></i> solid state reference. The probe has been designed to an industrial prototype standard, and measurements were in good agreement with established (but cumbersome) hydrogen measurement methods such as the AISCAN analyser, LECO analysis, and the Straube-Pfeiffer technique. The electrolytic domain of <i>CaZrO<sub>3</sub></i>-<i>In </i>has been investigated using a novel d

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36

Patra, Nandini. "Atomic Scale Design of Graphene based Gas Sensors." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224193.

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In this project work, we have performed Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to study the gas (CO, NO and CO2) sensing mechanism of pure and doped (B, N and B-N) graphenesurfaces. Generalized gradient approximation (GGA-PBE) within projector-augmented wave (PAW) methodology were adopted to investigate the electronic properties of such materials. The adsorption energies of the various toxic gases (CO, NO, and CO2) on the pure and doped graphene surfaces have been calculated to check their thermodynamic stability and selectivity.The B, N mono-doping has been done to verify whether p- a

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37

Covington, James A. "CMOS and SOI CMOS FET-based gas sensors." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3589/.

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In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the use of gas/vapour monitors and electronic nose instruments by the environmental, automotive and medical industries. These applications require low cost and low power sensors with high yield and high reproducibility, with an annual prospective market of 1 million pounds. Present device and sensor technologies suffer a major limitation, their incompatibility with a standard silicon CMOS process. These technologies have either operating/annealing temperatures unsuited for MOSFET operation or an inappropriate sensing mechanism. The aim o

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38

Woodward, S. F. "Mechanistic and potentiostatic studies of electrochemical gas sensors." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371233.

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39

Chwieroth, Brian. "Design and modeling of metal oxide gas sensors /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486397841222182.

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40

Aygun, Seymen Murat. "Gas Sensors Based on Ceramic p-n Heterocontacts." Ames, Iowa : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : Ames Laboratory ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/837264-2ckydm/webviewable/.

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Thesis (M.S.); Submitted to Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (US); 19 Dec 2004.<br>Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "IS-T 2498" Seymen Murat Aygun. US Department of Energy 12/19/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.

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41

Blanchard, Jeffrey Allen 1974. "Specific gas sensing using zirconia amperometric oxygen sensors." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278662.

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An analytical model for the specific gas detection of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor using zirconia amperometric oxygen sensors has been developed. Sensors of this type have been designed, fabricated, and tested using planar ceramic technology. Furthermore, an experimental setup has been designed and constructed for sensor characterization. This testbed can accurately control gas partial pressures as well as the total system pressure over a wide range of flow rates. Extensive effort has been put into design and construction of this testbed to ensure accurate scientific measurements. S

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42

Robins, Ian. "Gas sensitive field effect transistors." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318466.

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43

Ben, Aziza Zeineb. "Graphene based gas sensors : Fabrication, characterization, and study of gas molecules detection mechanism." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0102.

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Ce travail nous a permis de réaliser une étude de capteurs de gaz et d’humidité à base de graphène. Cette étude pourrait être utile non seulement pour améliorer les performances des capteurs à base de graphène mais aussi pour mieux comprendre l’interaction entre le graphène et les molécules de gaz. Ceci semble indispensable pour faire avancer les applications du graphène comme un matériau prometteur pour la détection des gaz. Des avancées significatives ont été présentées au niveau de la fabrication de ces capteurs, leurs différentes caractérisations électriques ainsi que d’autres techniques e

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44

Fawcett, Timothy J. "Investigation into the hydrogen gas sensing mechanism of 3C-SiC resistive gas sensors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001537.

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45

Vukusic, Peter. "Sensing thin layers using surface plasmon resonance." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358142.

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46

Szabo, Nicholas F. "DEVELOPMENT OF HARSH ENVIRONMENT NITROGEN OXIDES SOLID-STATE GAS SENSORS." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1046980412.

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47

Page, Julian. "Factors affecting low temperature performance of zirconia gas sensors." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2001. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/8007/.

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A reduction in the operation temperature of zirconia ceramic gas sensors is highly desirable for a number of practical reasons. This work seeks to investigate the factors that prevent a reduction in operation temperature and propose methods by which these may be resolved. A novel approach to sensor fabrication has been developed and employed with the advantage of reduced device complexity that should lead to subsequent cost and reliability benefits. Leakage rates in these devices have been shown to be small and electrochemical in origin. Leakage was greater than reported for gold seal devices,

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48

Shao, Feng. "New strategies in metal oxide nanowire based gas sensors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145058.

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This thesis presents the results of applying new strategies to understand the mechanism and explore the sensing performance of metal oxide (MOX) nanowire based gas sensors by testing individual nanowire gas sensors, running density functional theory (DFT) calculations, using new materials, applying ex-situ analysis and temperature-pulsed operation mode. These MOX nanowires include SnO2, CuO decorated SnO2, CuO and ZnO, electrically contacted either individually or in bundles. With SnO2-NH3 as a model system, DFT calculations were made to draw the pictures of surface-gas interactions, which

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49

Tsolov, Peter. "Design, fabrication and characterization of thick-film gas sensors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8450.

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DE LA TESIS DOCTORAL<br/>Título: Diseño, fabricación y caracterización de sensores de capa gruesa<br/>Doctorando: Peter Tsolov Ivanov<br/>Director: Xavier Correig Blanchar<br/>Los sensores de gases de estado sólido han demostrado ser muy prometedores para<br/>supervisar la emisión de los agentes contaminadores en el aire, porque son una opción<br/>de bajo coste para la construcción de analizadores de gases. Algunos problemas se<br/>relacionados con este tipo de dispositivos, especialmente su baja selectividad y el alto<br/>consumo de energía, siguen sin resolver. El objetivo de esta tesis doct

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Reyes, Hernández Luis Fernando. "Tungsten trioxide nanocrystalline films for applications in gas sensors." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2008. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2008/reyes_hl/html/index-frames.html.

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