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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gaseous pollutants of soil

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Academic literature on the topic 'Gaseous pollutants of soil'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Kumar Soni, Rajenda, Santosh Kumar Sar, and Shweta Singh. "APPLICATION OF BIOADSORBENT IN CONTROL OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 2, no. 1 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2017.v2i1.54.

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A material that has the ability to extract certain substances from gases, liquids, or solids by causing them to adhere to its surface without changing the physical properties of the adsorbent. Rapid urbanization, population growth, industrial expansion and waste generation from domestic and industrial sources have rendered waste which are hazardous to man and other living resources. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and supply us with oxygen in the process of photosynthesis. At the same time, they reduce pollutants in water and soil. They also remove significant amounts of gaseous pollutants and particles from the air. The microscopic plants in soil also reduce air pollutants and degrade many toxic chemicals that enter the soil.

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Baciak, Michał, Kazimierz Warmiński, and Agnieszka Bęś. "The effect of selected gaseous air pollutants on woody plants." Forest Research Papers 76, no. 4 (2015): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2015-0039.

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Abstract The article discusses gaseous air pollutants that have the greatest impact on forest ecosystems. This group of pollutants ncludes sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxides (NO and NO2) and ozone (O3). In the 20th century, the major contributor to forest degradation was sulfur dioxide, a gaseous substance with direct and powerful phytotoxic and acidifying effects. Since then, sulfur dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced in Europe and North America, but they continue to grow in East Asia along with China’s economic boom. Nitric oxides affect woody plants directly by entering through the stomata and indirectly through soil acidification and environmental eutrophication. Ozone, in turn, is found in photochemical smog and is produced by conversion of its precursors (nitric oxides, organic compounds and carbon monoxide). It is a strong oxidizing agent which disrupts various physiological processes, mostly photosynthesis and water use in plants, but is also the air pollutant that exerts the most toxic effect on forest ecosystems.

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Abdelouhab, Malya, Bernard Collignan, and Francis Allard. "Experimental study on passive Soil Depressurisation System to prevent soil gaseous pollutants into building." Building and Environment 45, no. 11 (2010): 2400–2406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.001.

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Czerwińska, Justyna, and Grzegorz Wielgosiński. "Changes in the pollution of Lodz voivodship rainwater as a result of changes in pollutant immissions." Acta Innovations, no. 30 (January 1, 2019): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.30.4.

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Increasing urbanization rates, particularly in cities, cause an increase in pollutant emissions into the environment. Immission of pollutants is the amount of particulate or gaseous pollutants that is received by the environment. Natural precipitation, i.e. rainwater, is polluted during the contact with air. As a result of atmospheric precipitation groundwater and soil become polluted. The pollutants also penetrate surface water, causing further contamination. In rainwater that goes to the sewage system, there are pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, slurries, plant protection products and many more. This is largely dependent on the type of management of the catchment, its sanitary condition, and the time and intensity of precipitation. Another important factor is the composition of pollutants emitted into the atmospheric air in each area. The work shows changes in the pollution of rainwater in Lodz Voivodship in the years 2010-2016 and presents analysis of the data collected by the Regional Inspectorate for Environmental Protection. The analysis shows that the state of rainwater is steadily deteriorating which is directly related to air quality.

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Schulze, E. D., and P. H. Freer-Smith. "An evaluation of forest decline based on field observations focussed on Norway spruce, Picea abies." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 97 (1990): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000005339.

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SynopsisForest decline in Europe is centred around areas where air pollution is heaviest. Although statistical relations are still debatable at the stand level, they are a basis for the discussion of mechanisms by which air pollutants affect forest health. The aetiologies of different syndromes of decline are discussed. Exposure to large concentrations of gaseous pollutants appears to have short-term rather than long-lasting effects, whereas pathogens seem to be of only secondary importance. The deposition of sulphur and nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) pollutants has significantly modified soil chemistry and plant nutrition. In acidic low-pH soils spruce roots, instead of utilising nitrate, preferentially take up ammonium which interferes with the uptake of other cations, notably magnesium. The nitrate remaining in soil solution, as a result of the preferential uptake of ammonium, is leached together with sulphate to groundwater, accelerating soil acidification and further decreasing the calcium and/or magnesium to aluminium ratios in soil solution. Soil solution chemistry affects root development, and thus water and nutrient uptake. Canopy uptake of nitrogen, especially of ammonium, which is additional to root uptake, may occur and appears to stimulate growth inciting a nitrogen to cation imbalance with the consequential production of decline symptoms.

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Wu, Hai Long, Sheng Yong Lu, Xiao Dong Li, and Jian Hua Yan. "Removal of Pollutants from High Polychlorinated Biphenyl Level Contaminated Soil at Different Thermal Treated Time." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1034.

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High contaminated level of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in soil could not be easily removed by routine method. Since thermal treatment technology becomes a promising method especially for removal of volatile organic compounds, it has not yet been widespread in China for some technical and economic reasons. Experiments were conducted in a horizontal quartz tube furnace with nitrogen as the unique carrier gas, and heating temperature was set at 500oC with retention time of flue gas desorbed from soil was about 1 min. It has been found that total removal efficiency of PCBs from soil increased with the heating time was prolonged. Thermal treated time of 60 min seems suitable for the removal of PCBs, with the removal efficiency of 95.8% in solid phase. It has also been concluded that the removal mechanism of PCBs from soil endures dechlorination and destruction reactions with anticipation of catalytic metals. Normal gaseous pollutants desorbed from soil were also studied, H2O evaporation was favored with at the beginning of thermal process; after H2O evaporation, the organic matters began to decompose; when the thermal treated time was longer than 20 min, the desorption of the normal gaseous pollutants were almost finished (except for NH3).

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Marszałek, Marta, Zygmunt Kowalski, and Agnieszka Makara. "Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Odorants from Pig Slurry - Effect on the Environment and Methods of its Reduction." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 25, no. 3 (2018): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2018-0026.

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Abstract Pig slurry is classified as a natural liquid fertilizer, which is a heterogeneous mixture of urine, faeces, remnants of feed and technological water, used to remove excrement and maintain the hygiene of livestock housing. The storage and distribution of pig slurry on farmland affect the environment as they are associated with, among others, the emission of various types of gaseous pollutants, mainly CH4, CO2, N2O, NH3, H2S, and other odorants. Methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are greenhouse gases (GHGs) which contribute to climate change by increasing the greenhouse effect. Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are malodorous gases responsible for the occurrence of odour nuisance which, due to their toxicity, may endanger the health and lives of humans and animals. NH3 also influences the increase of atmosphere and soil acidification. The article presents the environmental impact of greenhouse gases and odorous compounds emitted from pig slurry. Key gaseous atmospheric pollutants such as NH3, H2S, CH4, CO2 and N2O have been characterized. Furthermore, methods to reduce the emission of odours and GHGs from pig slurry during its storage and agricultural usage have been discussed.

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Thomas, W. "Accumulation of Airborne Trace Pollutants by Arctic Plants and Soil." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 2 (1986): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0015.

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Plant and soil samples from 4 locations in Spitsbergen (Norway) were analysed for major ions, heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chlorinated pesticides. The results indicate that trace amounts of these substance groups result from a number of different sources, namely from subsoil material, local emissions and long range atmospheric transport. A comparison of inorganic and organic micropollutant concentrations allows a distinction between trace substance uptake from soil or air. The correlation of plant and air concentrations makes it obvious that elevated accumulation rates of heavy metals in plants result from low level transport of particles. PAH are very effectively retained by species with large surface areas and represent particle concentrations in the air. Benzohexachloride in plants results from precipitation water rather than from direct uptake of gaseous traces.

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Huang, P., S. L. Gong, T. L. Zhao, L. Neary, and L. A. Barrie. "GEM/POPs: a global 3-D dynamic model for semi-volatile persistent organic pollutants – Part 2: Global transports and budgets of PCBs." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 15 (2007): 4015–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4015-2007.

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Abstract. Global transports and budgets of three PCBs were investigated with a 3-D dynamic model for semi-volatile persistent organic pollutants – GEM/POPs. Dominant pathways were identified for PCB transports in the atmosphere with a transport flux peaking below 8 km for gaseous and 14 km for particulate PCB28, and peaking below 4 km for gaseous and 6 km for particulate PCB180. The inter-continental transports of PCBs in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) are dominated in the zonal direction with their route changes regulated seasonally by the variation of westerly jet. The transport pathways from Europe and North Atlantic contributed the most PCBs to the Arctic. Inter-hemispheric transports of PCBs originated from the regions of Europe, Asia and North America in three different flow-paths, accompanying with easterly jet, Asian monsoon winds and trade winds. PCBs from the Southern Hemisphere (SH) could also be exported into the NH. According to the PCB emissions of year 2000, Europe, North America and Asia are the three largest sources of the three PCBs, contributing to the global background concentrations in the atmosphere, soil and water. Globally, PCB28 in soil and water has become a comparable source to the anthropogenic emissions while heavier PCBs such as PCB153 and 180 are still transporting into soil and water. For all three congeners, particulate PCBs are concentrated in the higher levels than gaseous PCBs. More than half of the particulate PCB28 could reach up to the stratosphere, while most of the heavier counter-parts (PCB153 and PCB180) are stored in the troposphere including boundary layer with more than 99% gaseous PCB180 below 6 km.

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Kholdorov, Shovkat, Zafarjon Jabbarov, Ilhomjon Aslanov, Bakhrom Jobborov, and Zoyr Rakhmatov. "Analysing effect of cement manufacturing industry on soils and agricultural plants." E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128402005.

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Today, the study of the effects of dust and gaseous pollutants in the soil as a result of the cement industry, the justification of changes in their properties, the creation of appropriate reclamation technologies is an urgent issue. In the study area, the main source of soil contamination under the influence of the cement industry is dust. The dust mainly spread around the cement plant to a radius of 5,000 meters, causing the soils to become mostly polluted. In the morphological observation of the cross-sections taken by the soil samples, it was mainly influenced by the change in soil colour in the soil surface layer. The chemical and physical properties of the soil change under the influence of pollution, including the tendency to increase the amount of humus as it moves away from the object of study in a wavy pattern. The pH of the soil changed alkalinity. Changes in the agrochemical and other properties of the soil as a result of the cement industry adversely affected the vegetative development of the agricultural plants grown on it, disrupting the growing season and photosynthesis processes and resulting in reduced yields.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Abdelouhab, Malya. "Contribution à l’étude du transfert des polluants gazeux entre le sol et les environnements intérieurs des bâtiments." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LAROS329/document.

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Les outils d’évaluation des risques liés au transfert des polluants gazeux du sol vers les environnements intérieurs comportent de fortes incertitudes quant à la connaissance de certains paramètres et notamment ceux relatifs à l’interface sol-bâtiment : prise en compte des différentes typologies de soubassement, niveau de perméabilité des planchers bas. Ces incertitudes conduisent à une mauvaise estimation de l’impact de ces polluants gazeux sur la qualité d’air intérieur.Afin de contribuer à l’amélioration des modèles d’évaluation pour la gestion des risques vis-à-vis des pollutions gazeuses venant du sol, cette thèse présente dans une première partie, une méthodologie de développement de modèles analytiques adaptés à la prise en compte de différents soubassements, afin de mieux appréhender le transfert de polluants gazeux entre le sol et le bâtiment. Ces modèles ont été développés sur la base d’une analogie avec le transfert des flux de chaleur entre le sol et le bâtiment. Ils traitent, tout particulièrement, des transferts d’air convectifs au niveau de l’interface sol-bâtiment pour différentes typologies de soubassement. Parla suite, les modèles analytiques développés ont été intégrés dans un modèle aéraulique des bâtiments afin d’étudier l’impact des différentes typologies de soubassement sur l’entrée de polluants du sol et donc sur la qualité d’air intérieur résultante.En parallèle, des travaux expérimentaux ont été entrepris afin de compléter la connaissance actuelle relative à la perméabilité à l’air des bétons fissurés, pour laquelle un manque de données a été constaté. D’autre part, les débits d’air convectifs allant du sol vers le bâtiment ont également été quantifiés de façon expérimentale à l’aide de la maison expérimentale ‘MARIA’ dont dispose le CSTB. Ce type de quantification constitue une première base de données expérimentale.Enfin, une dernière partie de cette thèse traite de la réalisation d’un suivi expérimental annuel des performances d’un Système de Dépressurisation des Sols naturels, dans le but d’optimiser à terme les solutions de protection des bâtiments vis-à-vis des polluants gazeux du sol<br>Risk assessment tools related to transfers of gaseous pollutant from soil to indoor environments present large uncertainties relative to the knowledge of certain parameters, particularly those relating to the soil-building interface: considering the different basement typology, permeability level of floor. These uncertainties lead to an inaccurate evaluation of the impact of gaseous pollutants on indoor air quality.In order to contribute to the improvement of risk assessment models of gaseous pollutants from the soil, thiswork present in a fist part the development of analytical and numerical models. These models have been adapted to consider the different basement, in order to estimate the transfer of gaseous pollutants from the soil to the building. An analogy with heat transfer phenomena between soil and building is used to develop these models.They predict convective airflow transfers between soils and building, for different soil-building interface.There after, the analytical model has been incorporated into an airflow model. This model enables us to study the impact of different types of basement on the entry of pollutants from soil and the indoor air quality.Besides, experimental works have been made to complete the knowledge of concrete air permeability, because of a lack of data. Furthermore, the convective airflows from soil to building have been quantified experimentally.These airflows have been determined in the experimental house ‘MARIA’ installed in the CSTB. Suchquantification constitutes the first experimental database.Finally, the last part of this work shows a one-year follow-up study about the ability of natural SoilDepressurisation System. This study has been carried out to optimize the solutions of buildings protection from the soil gaseous pollutants

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Saxton, Carl Graham. "Microporous adsorbents for trapping of gaseous pollutants." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446326.

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Adsorption studies (xenon and iodine) in microporous materials have been carried out on various materials such as zeolites (FAU, MFI, SAV and CHA) and metal-organic frameworks (MOF-5, HKUST-1 and JUC-32). The as-synthesised and commercial zeolites containing Na<sup>+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup> or K<sup>+</sup> cations and then subsequently ion-exchanged for other extra framework cations. The xenon adsorption in zeolites was interpreted using isosteric heats of adsorption (CHA) and also <sup>129</sup>Xe NMR (FAU). CHA type zeolites show a high affinity and capacity for xenon at low xenon pressures <10kPa. This affinity changes depending upon the extra framework cation present due to the positioning and size of the cation. The electric field gradient was a primary factor in the xenon adsorption since a neutral framework (ALPO-CHA) was found to have a lower affinity for xenon but having the same framework type. This was further highlighted by the introduction of Si into the framework and a comparison was made between the three structures CHA, ALPO-CHA and SAPO-34 with the latter being a silicon substituted aluminophosphate carrying a slightly negatively charged framework. Another framework studied was that of STA-7 (SAV) and it was found that varying the silicon within the framework had an effect upon the xenon adsorption. Xenon interaction with the MOFs was minimal when compared to the zeolites. MOF materials adsorbed more iodine per gram of material than any of the zeolites studied. In some materials, two different species of iodine exist. These species, I<sub>2</sub> (isolated) and (I<sub>2</sub>)<i><sub>n</sub></i> (wires) have different Raman frequencies and the (I<sub>2</sub>)<i><sub>n</sub></i> species have been observed in MOFs for the first time.

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Allen, Deborah. "The removal of gaseous pollutants during coal combustion." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335690.

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Wallis, Anna Elizabeth. "Plasma-catalysis for the removal of gaseous pollutants." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542752.

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Rudge-Pickard, Hazel Alison. "Use of tailored zeolites in abatement of gaseous pollutants." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804450/.

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陳潔瑩 and Kit-ying Anna Chan. "Near-ir tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy of gaseous pollutants." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214940.

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Chan, Kit-ying Anna. "Near-ir tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy of gaseous pollutants /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19905014.

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Kamali, Yousef. "Filament-induced nonlinear fluorescence spectroscopy of trace gaseous pollutants in air." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27545/27545.pdf.

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Cousins, Ian T. "Air-soil exchange of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310506.

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Devaney, David. "Soil biogenic gaseous emissions as affected by the low copper levels in soil." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446205.

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Books on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Chmielewski, Andrzej G. Electron beam gaseous pollutants treatment. Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej, 1999.

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Grisar, R., H. Preier, G. Schmidtke, and G. Restelli, eds. Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants by Tunable Diode Lasers. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3991-2.

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Grisar, R., G. Schmidtke, M. Tacke, and G. Restelli, eds. Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants by Tunable Diode Lasers. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0989-2.

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Grisar, R., H. Böttner, M. Tacke, and G. Restelli, eds. Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants by Tunable Diode Lasers. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2763-9.

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Schepart, BS, ed. Bioremediation of Pollutants in Soil and Water. ASTM International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp1235-eb.

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Synergic influence of gaseous, particulate, and biological pollutants on human health. Taylor & Francis, 2015.

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Lichtfouse, Eric. Organic Farming, Pest Control and Remediation of Soil Pollutants: Organic farming, pest control and remediation of soil pollutants. Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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Baker, B. L. Attenuation of pollutants by Alberta soils. Research Management Division, Alberta Environment, 1985.

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N, Yong R., Thomas H. R, University of Wales. College of Cardiff. School of Engineering., and British Geotechnical Society, eds. Geoenvironmental engineering: Contaminated ground, fate of pollutants and remediation. Thomas Telford, 1997.

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Lichtfouse, Eric, ed. Organic Farming, Pest Control and Remediation of Soil Pollutants. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9654-9.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Boeckx, Pascal, A. Vermoesen, and O. Van Cleemput. "Emission of Gaseous Hydrocarbons and NH3 out of Soils." In Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Pollutants and Trace Substances. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03394-4_33.

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Brunner, Calvin R. "Gaseous Pollutants." In Hazardous Air Emissions from Incineration. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2539-0_5.

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Tiwary, Abhishek, and Ian Williams. "Gaseous air pollutants." In Air Pollution. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469985-2.

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Paraf, A., and G. Peltre. "Soil pollutants." In Immunoassays in Food and Agriculture. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3822-2_17.

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Yaron, Bruno, Raoul Calvet, and René Prost. "The Soil Pollutants." In Soil Pollution. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61147-6_2.

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Yaron, Bruno, Raoul Calvet, and René Prost. "Pollutants-Soil Solution Interactions." In Soil Pollution. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61147-6_3.

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Faison, Brendlyn D. "Biological Treatment of Metallic Pollutants." In Soil Biology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05794-0_5.

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Mirsal, Ibrahim A. "Major types of soil pollutants." In Soil Pollution. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05400-0_6.

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Yaron, Bruno, Raoul Calvet, and René Prost. "Pollutants Transport in the Soil Medium." In Soil Pollution. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61147-6_8.

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Siddique, Sunbal. "Major Pollutants of Contaminated Paddy Soils." In Soil Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93671-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Jadhav, R. S., R. S. Amano, J. Jatkar, and R. J. Lind. "Simulation Study of Heated Soil Vapor." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47054.

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Soil remediation using Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System has gained a significant attention in recent years. The process, developed by Advanced Remedial Technology**, comprises of a heat well (heat source) and an extraction well (sink). These wells are pipes, which are implanted in the soil. Heating is accomplished by circulating hot oil through the heat exchange units in heat well. The extraction well has a blower, which sucks the air, and other volatile gases that are evaporated due to heating. An analysis aimed at improving the predictability of the process using numerical tools has been carried out. The key parameters in the process can be identified as the distance between the wells, the temperature that has to be maintained in the heat well and the time required vaporizing the gases and taking them off the soil. These parameters are strongly dependent on the properties of the soil and properties of the chemical pollutants present in the soil. An attempt has been made to model the real process of heating the soil and vaporizing of chemicals in the soil. Such comprehensive analysis will be very much helpful in predicting the different parameters as discussed above and result in increase in effectiveness and efficiency of the process.

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Abdo, Peter, B. P. Huynh, and Vahik Avakian. "Distribution of Air Flow Through a Green Wall Module." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69134.

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Green or living walls are active bio-filters developed to enhance air quality. Often, these walls form the base from which plants are grown; and the plant-wall system helps to remove both gaseous and particulate air pollutants. A green wall can be found indoors as well as outdoors, and could be assembled from modules in an arrangement similar to tiling. The module is a rectangular plastic box (dimensions about 500 mm × 500 mm × 130 mm) that holds a permeable bag containing a plant-growing medium (replacement for soil). The front face of the module has multiple openings for plants to protrude out from the bag inside. Plant roots are imbedded in the medium. A fan positioned at a central opening on the module’s back face drives air through the medium-plant-roots mix and then onward through the plants′ canopy; and these would help remove both gaseous and particulate pollutants from the air. Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matters PMs are both reduced by passing through the plant-growing medium, thus reducing the percentage of air flow that passes through the open top face of the module is essential to maximize the capacity of bio-filtration. Drip-irrigation water is dispensed from a tube running along the open top-face of the module. The module has also a small drainage hole on its bottom face. Pressure drop across the module as well as air-flow rate through it have been obtained in a previous work [1], air-flow distribution through the module and the effect of introducing a cover to the module’s open top face are investigated in this work to improve the design of the module and achieve more appropriate flow rate and flow distribution. The top cover essentially includes small holes of 10 mm diameter to allow the necessary irrigation. The measurements help to determine the pattern of flow resistances which in turn will be used in a future CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis.

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Roy, T., R. S. Amano, and J. Jatkar. "A Transient Simulation of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56425.

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Soil remediation process by heated soil vapor extraction system has drawn considerably attention for the last few years. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. Our present study is concentrated on modeling one transient Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System and predicting the time required for effective remediation. The process developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, consists of a heating source pipe and the extraction well embedded in the soil. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. A three-dimensional meshed geometry was developed using gambit. Different boundary conditions were used for heating and suction well and for other boundaries. Concentrations of different chemicals were collected from the actual site and this data was used as an initial condition. The analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the time required to clean the soil under specific conditions. This analysis could be used for predicting the changes of chemical concentrations in the soil during the remediation process. This will give us more insight to the physical phenomena and serve as a numerical predictive tool for more efficient process.

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Roy, T., R. S. Amano, and J. Jatkar. "A Study of Soil Remediation by Vapor Extraction System and Air Sparging." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60289.

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Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system and air sparging is a new technology developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, Inc. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a one-inch pipeline that is enclosed in a six-inch pipe. This six-inch pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. Pea gravel or fine sand fills the six-inch pipe and thus acts as a heat transfer medium. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants is removed by SVE well. In our present study we concentrated on modeling one Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System with air sparging and predicting the behavior of different chemicals in the saturated and unsaturated zone of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and driven out by the sucking well.

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Das, P. M. Mohan, R. S. Amano, T. Roy, and J. Jatkar. "Transient Analysis of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction Process With Air Sparging." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80319.

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This paper presents the Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) that has gained significant attention during the past few years. HSVE along with Air sparging has been found to be an effective way of remediating soil of various pollutants including solvents, fuels and Para-nuclear aromatics. The combined system consists of a heater/boiler that pumps and circulates hot oil through heating wells, a blower that helps to suck the contaminants out through the extraction well, and air sparging wells that extend down to the saturated region in the soil. Both the heating wells and extraction wells are installed vertically in the saturated region in contaminated soil and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. With this technology the soil is heated by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then absorbed by the extraction well. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system, air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants are removed by SVE well. In this analysis an attempt has been made to predict the behavior of different chemicals in the unsaturated and saturated regions of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and absorbed by the extraction well. Such an analysis will be helpful in predicting the parameters like the distance between the heating and extraction wells, the temperature to be maintained at the heating well and the time required for removing the contaminants from the soil.

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Mohan Das, P. M., R. S. Amano, T. Roy, and J. Jatkar. "Steady State Analysis of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction Process With Air Sparging." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72272.

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Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE), developed by Advanced Remedial Technology is a Soil remediation process that has gained significant attention during the past few years. HSVE along with Air sparging has been found to be an effective way of remediating soil of various pollutants including solvents, fuels and Para-nuclear aromatics. The combined system consists of a heater/boiler that pumps and circulates hot oil through heating wells, a blower that helps to suck the contaminants out through the extraction well, and air sparging wells that extend down to the saturated region in the soil. Both the heating wells and extraction wells are installed vertically in the saturated region in contaminated soil and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The heat source heats the soil and the heat is transported inside the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then absorbed by the extraction well. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system, air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants are removed by SVE well. In this analysis an attempt has been made to predict the behavior of different chemicals in the unsaturated and saturated regions of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and absorbed by the extraction well. Such an analysis will be helpful in predicting the parameters like the distance between the heating and extraction wells, the temperature to be maintained at the heating well and the time required for removing the contaminants from the soil.

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Amano, Ryo S., Jose Martinez Lucci, Krishna S. Guntur, et al. "Experimental Study of Treating Volatile Organic Compounds." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34579.

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Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the &gt;1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed by Jay Jatkar Inc. (JJI) along with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by JJI, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds, such as naphthalene, etc., to a non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemical compounds; and can also remove these boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.

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Amano, Ryo S., Jose Martinez Lucci, and Krishna S. Guntur. "Experimental and Computational Study of Vaporization of Volatile Organic Compounds." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41086.

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Abstract:

Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the &gt;1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed at UWM, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds such as naphthalene, etc., to non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemicals compounds; and can also remove these high boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.

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Chmielewski, A. G. "Electron beam gaseous pollutants treatment." In International Conference on Plasma Science (papers in summary form only received). IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1995.533498.

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Belbeze, Stephane, and Matthieu Hallouin. "Set Up of an Environmental Monitoring System, Shchuchye, Russia Technical Assistance." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59042.

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An intergovernmental agreement on cooperation about chemical weapon destruction was signed between France and the Russian federation on 14th February 2006 in the context of a Global Partnership dedicated to preventing catastrophic terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. It came into effect on 25th April 2007 after ratification by both countries. The present demonstrated project was launched as part of this collaboration on the Shchuchye site (Russia – Kurgan Oblast). The project concerned the environmental surveillance system for the Shchuchye site required for the safe operation of the installation used to destroy chemical weapons. The aim was to implement equipments and methods of analysis for very low concentrations of pollutants in the three environmental compartments: air, water and soil. This has been achieved with the help of industry and other organizations in France (Environment/SA for supplies, INERIS and Antea Group) and Russia (ROST Association and EKROS Engineering). This system takes account of the normal operation of the installation as well as incident management. It includes 11 stationary atmospheric measuring stations constructed by Environment/SA and EKROS Engineering including ASTEK dedicated toxic gas detector: “Terminator FOV-1”, 3 mobile atmospheric measuring stations, 2 mobile soil & water measuring stations, 4 sampling cars constructed by Environment/SA and EKROS Engineering, a complete Chemical analysis laboratory which can handle ppb analysis of toxic gases, organics and minerals pollutants, an information collection center and a meteo station which can retrieve, display and archive all the datas or alarm from the stationary and mobile stations. Antea Group has provided a technical expertise and various negotiations during the negotiation phase, the project initiation files & contracts redaction, the project Monitoring and reporting to stakeholders, the REX. Up to 2009, No other site of the world uses such an innovative system. Antea Group worked on this project for 4 years. It successfully began operating in March 2009, before the start of destruction operations, after 15 months of work on the site.

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Reports on the topic "Gaseous pollutants of soil"

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Skubal, Laura, Michael Vogt, and Natalia Meshkov. Development of Spatially-Based Emission Factors from Real-Time Measurements of Gaseous Pollutants Using Cermet Sensors. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada631328.

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Moore, G. K. Inorganic soil and groundwater chemistry near Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant, Paducah, Kentucky. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/196453.

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Mason, D. M. Abatement of gaseous pollutants in coal-combustion exhaust gases employing a solid-oxide electrolyte: Progress report No. 1, 1 October--31 December 1986. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5883620.

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Mason, D. M. Electrochemical abatement of gaseous pollutants in coal-combustion exhaust gases employing a solid-oxide electrolyte: Progress report No. 3, 1 April--30 June 1987. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5932691.

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Mason, D. M. Electrochemical abatement of gaseous pollutants NO/sub x/ and SO/sub x/ in coal-combustion exhaust gases employing a solid-oxide electrolyte: Progress report No. 5, October 1--December 31, 1987. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6022464.

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