Journal articles: 'Gastro-intestinal bacteria'

1

Contaldo, Maria, Alessandra Fusco, Paola Stiuso, et al. "Oral Microbiota and Salivary Levels of Oral Pathogens in Gastro-Intestinal Diseases: Current Knowledge and Exploratory Study." Microorganisms 9, no. 5 (2021): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9051064.

Full text

Abstract:

Various bi-directional associations exist between oral health and gastro-intestinal diseases. The oral microbiome plays a role in the gastro-intestinal carcinogenesis and fusobacteria are the most investigated bacteria involved. This paper aims to review the current knowledge and report the preliminary data on salivary levels of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans in subjects with different gastro-intestinal conditions or pathologies, in order to determine any differences. The null hypothesis was “subjects with different gastro-intestinal diseases do not show significant differences in the composition of the oral microbiota”. Twenty-one subjects undergoing esophagastroduodenoscopy or colonscopy were recruited. For each subject, a salivary sample was collected before the endoscopy procedure, immediately stored at −20 °C and subsequently used for genomic bacterial DNA extraction by real-time PCR. Low levels of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis were peculiar in the oral microbiota in subjects affected by Helicobater pylori-negative chronic gastritis without cancerization and future studies will elucidate this association. The level of C. albicans did not statistically differ among groups. This preliminary study could be used in the future, following further investigation, as a non-invasive method for the search of gastrointestinal diseases and associated markers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Chadwick, V. S., and R. P. Anderson. "Inflammatory Products of Commensal Bacteria and Gastro-Intestinal Disorders." Digestive Diseases 8, no. 5 (1990): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000171257.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Broersen, Kerensa. "Milk Processing Affects Structure, Bioavailability and Immunogenicity of β-lactoglobulin". Foods 9, № 7 (2020): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9070874.

Full text

Abstract:

Bovine milk is subjected to various processing steps to warrant constant quality and consumer safety. One of these steps is pasteurization, which involves the exposure of liquid milk to a high temperature for a limited amount of time. While such heating effectively ameliorates consumer safety concerns mediated by pathogenic bacteria, these conditions also have an impact on one of the main nutritional whey constituents of milk, the protein β-lactoglobulin. As a function of heating, β-lactoglobulin was shown to become increasingly prone to denaturation, aggregation, and lactose conjugation. This review discusses the implications of such heat-induced modifications on digestion and adsorption in the gastro-intestinal tract, and the responses these conformations elicit from the gastro-intestinal immune system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Herdian, H., L. Istiqomah, E. Damayanti, et al. "Isolation of Cellulolytic Lactic-Acid Bacteria from Mentok (Anas moschata) Gastro-Intestinal Tract." Tropical Animal Science Journal 41, no. 3 (2018): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2018.41.3.200.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Prabha, Soma, and V. Prabakaran. "Probiotic Efficiency of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Milk Treated against Gastro Intestinal Pathogens." International Journal of Current Research in Science, Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30967/ijcrset.1.1.2018.17-23.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Jamilah, It, Nunuk Priyani, and Santa Lusia Natalia. "Viability of lactic acid bacteria coated as synbiotic during storage and gastro-intestinal simulation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 130 (March 2018): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/130/1/012014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Dicks, L., and M. Botes. "Probiotic lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract: health benefits, safety and mode of action." Beneficial Microbes 1, no. 1 (2010): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2009.0012.

Full text

Abstract:

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have received considerable attention as probiotics over the past few years. This concept has grown from traditional dairy products to a profitable market of probiotic health supplements and functional foods. Extensive research is done on novel potential probiotic strains, with specific emphasis on their health benefits and mode of action. Criteria for the selection of probiotic strains have only recently been formulated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (FAO/WHO). Several in vitro techniques have been developed to evaluate the probiotic properties of strains. In many cases, this is followed by in vivo tests. Safety studies are also obligatory, as a few cases of bacteremia caused by LAB have been reported. This review focuses on the health benefits and safety of LAB probiotics, the criteria used to select a probiotic, mode of action and the impact these organisms have on natural microbiota in the gastro-intestinal tract.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hameed, Tahir. "The Role of H1 and H2 Blocker in Eradication of Gastrointestinal Malfunctioning." Pak-Euro Journal of Medical and Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (2019): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v2i1.987.

Full text

Abstract:

Proton pumps releases acids in GIT which results in increased level of alkaline phosphates. The liver irritation by increased alkaline phosphates results in histamine disbalance. H1 ANDH2 BLOCKER acts as histamine controlling agents. The bacteria use their flagella to stick in stomach mucosal layer. For bacterial growth optimal conditions includes oxygen level b/w 5-15%, approx. CO2 5%, availability of some special amino acids, and 30-37°C temperature. Gastro intestinal Infections involve a spiral-shaped, gram-negative, micro bacterium. It was assumed that earlier no germ might survive in gastric acidic layer, therefore the possibility of microbial colonization of stomach actually was not considered. Thus, the bacterial microenvironment directly surrounds and neutralize the effects of gastric secretions which are corrosive to them and the pathogen escapes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Koren, Erez, Ron Kohen, Haim Ovadia, and Isaac Ginsburg. "Bacteria Coated by Polyphenols Acquire Potent Oxidant-Scavenging Capacities." Experimental Biology and Medicine 234, no. 8 (2009): 940–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0901-rm-22.

Full text

Abstract:

Several microbial species, including probiotic lactic acid bacteria, have the ability to irreversibly bind a large variety of polyphenols (flavonoids) and anthocyanidins found in many colored fruits and vegetables and to enhance their total oxidant-scavenging capacities (TOSC). The binding of flavonoids to microbial surfaces was further increased by the cationic polyelectrolytes ligands poly-L-histidine, chlorhexidine and Copaxone®. This phenomenon was confirmed visually, by the FRAP, DPPH, cyclic voltammetry, Folin-Ciocalteu as well as by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence techniques employed to assay TOSC. The possibility is considered that clinically, microbial cells in the oral cavity and in the gastro intestinal tract, complexed with antioxidant polyphenols from nutrients and with cationic ligands, might increase the protection of mammalian cells against damage induced by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species during infections and inflammation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Zamakhchari, Maram, Guoxian Wei, Floyd Dewhirst, et al. "Identification of Rothia Bacteria as Gluten-Degrading Natural Colonizers of the Upper Gastro-Intestinal Tract." PLoS ONE 6, no. 9 (2011): e24455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024455.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Braide, W., Ajugwo, G.C, Adeleye, S.A., Mike-Anosike E.E., Ndukwe, C.U, and Chinakwe E.C. "CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN INDOOR AIRBORNE BACTERIAL LOAD AND OCCUPANT DENSITY IN HOSPITAL INDOOR AIR." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 6, no. 5 (2020): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v6.i5.2019.373.

Full text

Abstract:

A study of the quantity and types of airborne bacteria and its correlation with human presence was conducted. Air samples were collected from different units for three days and three sessions (morning, afternoon and evening) for the enumeration and identification of bacterial isolates. Walk-through exercise was also conducted prior to every sampling to gather information on the number of occupants present, activities going on, and room characteristics. Isolation study revealed higher bacterial load in the afternoon and evening sessions; with Male Ward and Operating Theatre recording the highest and lowest bacterial loads respectively, as compared to the morning session that was done immediately after cleaning and before influx of people. The Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient showed a positively direct linear correlation between the bacterial load and occupant population irrespective of the three sessions (r = 0.84, 0.88 and 0.93). Identification study showed that the isolates are representatives of normal microflora of the skin, respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts which includes the following; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus roseus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Candida and Fusarium species. The study presents evidence of increased concentration of indoor airborne bacteria due to human presence, movement and activities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Haller, D., H. Colbus, M. G. Gänzle, P. Scherenbacher, C. Bode, and W. P. Hammes. "Metabolic and Functional Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Gastro-intestinal Ecosystem: A comparative in vitro Studybetween Bacteria of Intestinal and Fermented Food Origin." Systematic and Applied Microbiology 24, no. 2 (2001): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0723-2020-00023.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Gungor, O. E., Z. Kirzioglu, and M. Kivanc. "Probiotics: can they be used to improve oral health?" Beneficial Microbes 6, no. 5 (2015): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2014.0167.

Full text

Abstract:

The role of probiotic bacteria in improving human health has been an attractive subject for researchers since the beginning of the 20th century. They have been used to control gastro-intestinal infections, to promote immunity and to prevent various diseases (allergies, urogenital infections, etc.). However, the use of beneficial bacteria in the field of dentistry has only recently gained interest. Investigation of the effects of probiotic bacteria on oral health has become an important research subject. These studies are still in the early stages, however results show that probiotic bacteria are effective against tooth caries, periodontal disease, oral mucosal lesions and oral malodour. This review provides information on the effects of probiotics – well-known for their effects on general health, and therefore more widely used in healthcare – on oral and dental health, in order to promote their use/prescription by physicians and patients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Daodu, Aima Airenobuwa, Gbemisola Deborah OLUMUYIDE, and Lawrence EDEMHANRIA. "Isolation of extracellular phytase producing lactic acid bacteria from the gastro intestinal tract of poultry birds." Journal of World's Poultry Research 10, no. 3 (2020): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36380/scil.2020.ojafr20.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Sinaga, D. M., E. B. Laconi, and A. Jayanegara. "Inhibitory effect of tannin extract from Acacia bark (Acacia mangium Willd.) against gastro-intestinal pathogenic bacteria." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1869, no. 1 (2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1869/1/012010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Al-Kaissy, Galib A. "A comparission study of locally probiotic with imported probiotic in microbial balance of broiler gastro-intestinal tract." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 29, no. 2 (2005): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v29i2.852.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aimed the effect of adding 0.5 and 1 kg of imported probiotic/ton feed (T1 and T2) compared with the a percentages of 1.5, 3 kg locallyprobiotic / ton (T3 and T4) when as T5 used feed free of probiotic .500 dayoldchicks were distributed into five treatments and subdivided into two replicates(50 chicks per replicate) to study the effect of adding the two probiotics in themicrobial balance of broiler gasto-intestinal tract .The results obtained revealedthe following:-Adding percentages of locally or imported probiotic (T1, T2, T3 andT4)decreased significantly (P<0.01) log no.of Coliform count and fungi count atmid point of intestine (Jejunum), crop and cecum of broiler, at the same timeAdding the two probiotics increased significantly (P<0.01) log no.ofLactobacilli count compared with control group (T5) .Whenas significantdifferences in the log no. of total bacterial count at mid point of intestine andcrop. Also no significant differences between locally or imported probiotic werenoticed in the studied microbial counts or to the adding percentages. Conclosionis the importance of adding probiotics to the feed for optimum microbial balanceto increase resistance of broiler to pathogenic bacteria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M and Alagbe, J.O. "Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a review." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 10 (2020): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.730.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of medicinal plants and probiotics has recently gained interest since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by the European Union in 2006. They are new alternatives to bridge the gap between food safety and production. Medicinal plants are cheaper and loaded with several minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals such as: alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenols, tannins etc. which allows them to perform multiple biological activities. Probiotics on the other hand, repopulates the gastro intestinal tracts (GIT) with beneficial bacteria which controls the action of pathogens and control their population, thereby reducing mortality and improving general performance of an animal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Horniblow, Richard, Pritesh Mistry, Mohammed Quraishi, et al. "The Safety and Tolerability of a Potential Alginate-Based Iron Chelator; Results of A Healthy Participant Study." Nutrients 11, no. 3 (2019): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11030674.

Full text

Abstract:

Evidence supporting the ferro-toxic nature of iron in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is becoming well established. A microbial dysbiosis is observed in IBD patients, and intra-luminal colonic-iron is able to support a more pathogenic community of bacteria; whether this is attributed to the development of IBD and how iron could be mediating these microbial changes is still unknown. Dietary fibres are commonly used in pre-biotic supplements to beneficially affect the host by improving the viability of bacterial communities within the colon. Alginates are a class of biopolymers considered as prebiotics due to their fibre-like composition and are able to bind metal cations, in particular, iron. Considering that iron excess is able to negatively alter the microbiome, the use of alginate as a food supplement could be useful in colonic-iron chelation. As such, this first-in-man study aimed to assess whether the use of alginate as a dietary iron chelator was both safe and well tolerated. In addition, the impact of alginate on the microbiome and iron levels was assessed by using an intestinal model SHIME (Simulation of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). Alginate was supplemented into the diets (3 g/day) of healthy volunteers (n = 17) for 28 days. Results from this study suggest that daily ingestion of 3 g alginate was well tolerated with very minor side effects. There were no detrimental changes in a variety of haematological parameters or the intestinal microbiome. The bacterial communities within the SHIME model were also not influenced by iron and or alginate; it is possible that alginate may be susceptible to bacterial or enzymatic degradation within the gastro-intestinal tract.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Akpoka, Obhioze Augustine, and Christiana Ngozi Opara. "Isolation of Aerobic Bacteria Flora in the Gills and Gastrointestinal Tract of Culturable Freshwater Fish from Ogbia Bayelsa State." Archives of Ecotoxicology 3, no. 1 (2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ae.2021.3.1.5-8.

Full text

Abstract:

Fish is in high demand as food, food additives, and supplements as they are a rich source of carbon, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Fish has been established to possess bacterial populations on or in their skin, gills, digestive tract, etc. with their microbial diversity often reflecting the bacterial populations of the surrounding water which are either allochthonous or allochthonous. This study isolated and enumerated aerobic bacteria flora in the gastrointestinal tract and gills of four culturable freshwater fish (Silver catfish, Tilapia, Clarias, and Heterobranchus). These species of cultural freshwater fish were obtained and each adult specie held in a separate glass containing unchlorinated water and transferred to the laboratory. The quantitative and qualitative estimation of the bacteria flora present in the gill and Gastro-Intestinal Tract (GIT) of fish were investigated. The Mean total plate count on Nutrient Agar (NA), Blood Agar (BA), MacConkey Agar (MCA), Cysteine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient Agar, (CLED Agar) and Salmonella – Shigella Agar (SSA) was found to be 60 and 40 CFU, 150 and 80 CFU, 100 and 90 CFU and 80 and 70 CFU respectively. Most of the isolates were of public significance. The results showed that fish contains a large number of microbiotas which may play a role in nutrition and health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

SWIFT, A. C., C. A. BARTZOKASd̊, and J. E. CORKILLd̊. "The clinical significance of the gastro-oral pathway of intestinal bacteria after head and neck cancer surgery." Clinical Otolaryngology 12, no. 6 (1987): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.1987.tb00232.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Ferdous, Tuhin Al, Md Shahidur Rahman Khan, and SM Lutful Kabir. "Isolation, identification and molecular detection of selected probiotic bacteria from broiler chickens and their related environment." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 3 (2020): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i3.49786.

Full text

Abstract:

This study was aimed to isolate and identify the potential probiotic bacteria from broiler chickens and their related environment of the two districts in Bangladesh by using cultural and biochemical techniques and detection of the selected isolated probiotic potential bacterial species by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this context five probiotic bacteria species of five bacteria genera were screened out from 750 samples in where there were 186 Lactobacillus genus isolates, 102 Bacillus genus isolates, 112 Streptococcus genus isolates, 220 Enterococcus genus isolates and 33 Bifidobacteriumgenus isolates on the basis of biochemical properties like 10% solution of total 22 different sugars. Other biochemical tests like MR-VP, Oxidase, Catalase, Citrate utilization, MIU and Indole test were major. Genus was detected through specific genus target gene and 16S r DNA based PCR. Selected probiotic bacteria species were detected through species specific target gene PCR. We confirmed 23 Lactobacillus acidophilus species isolates, 14 Bacillus subtilisisolates, 19 Streptococcus thermophilusisolates, 31 Enterococcus faeciumisolates and 09 Bifidobacteriumbifidumisolates at species level with ddlgene, apr-E gene, 16S-23S ITS gene, BIBI gene, Stp-TH gene primers. The novelty of this study is at first time in Bangladesh, we isolated and identified five selected potential probiotic species from the gastro-intestinal tract of broiler chickens and their related environmental sources by not only using traditional cultural, biochemical techniques but also genus and species specific target gene based PCR. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 383-399

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Teughels, W., M. G. Newman, W. Coucke, et al. "Guiding Periodontal Pocket Recolonization: a Proof of Concept." Journal of Dental Research 86, no. 11 (2007): 1078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910708601111.

Full text

Abstract:

The complexity of the periodontal microbiota resembles that of the gastro-intestinal tract, where infectious diseases are treatable via probiotics. In the oropharyngeal region, probiotic or replacement therapies have shown some benefit in the prevention of dental caries, otitis media, and pharyngitis, but their effectiveness in the treatment of periodontitis is unknown. Therefore, this study addressed the hypothesis that the application of selected beneficial bacteria, as an adjunct to scaling and root planing, would inhibit the periodontopathogen recolonization of periodontal pockets. Analysis of the data showed, in a beagle dog model, that when beneficial bacteria were applied in periodontal pockets adjunctively after root planing, subgingival recolonization of periodontopathogens was delayed and reduced, as was the degree of inflammation, at a clinically significant level. The study confirmed the hypothesis and provides a proof of concept for a guided pocket recolonization (GPR) approach in the treatment of periodontitis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Ziebarth, D. "N-nitrosation of medicinal drugs catalysed by bacteria from human saliva and gastro-intestinal tract, including Helicobacter pylori." Carcinogenesis 18, no. 2 (1997): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/18.2.383.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Martínez, Fernando G., María E. Cuencas Barrientos, Fernanda Mozzi, and Micaela Pescuma. "Survival of selenium-enriched lactic acid bacteria in a fermented drink under storage and simulated gastro-intestinal digestion." Food Research International 123 (September 2019): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.04.057.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Shobana, Sampath, Sunderam Veena, S. S. M. Sameer, K. Swarnalakshmi, and L. A. Vishal. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Artocarpus hirsutus Seed Extract and its Antibacterial Activity." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, no. 10 (2020): 980–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201021666200107115849.

Full text

Abstract:

Aims: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Artocarpus hirsutus mediated seed extract for nanoparticle synthesis. Background: Gastrointestinal bacteria are known for causing deadly infections in humans. They also possess multi-drug resistance and interfere with clinical treatments. Applied nanotechnology has been known to combat such infectious agents with little interference from their special attributes. Here we synthesize silver nanoparticles from Artocarpus hirsutus seed extract against two gastro-intestinal bacterial species: Enterobacter aerogenes and Listeria monocytogenes. Objective: To collect, dry, and process seeds of Artocarpus hirsutus for nanoparticle synthesis. To evaluate the morphological interaction of silver nanoparticles with bacteria. Methods: Artocarpus hirsutus seeds were collected and processed and further silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, UV, FTIR, and SEM. These nanoparticles were employed to study the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles against Enterobacter aerogenes and Listeria monocytogenes using well diffusion method. Further, morphological interaction of silver nanoparticles on bacteria was studied using SEM. Result: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Artocarpus hirsutus seed extract and characterization studies confirmed that silver nanoparticles were spherical in shape with 25-40 nm size. Antibacterial study exhibited better activity against Enterobacter aerogenes with a maximum zone of inhibition than on Listeria monocytogenes. SEM micrographs indicated that Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria were more susceptible to silver nanoparticles due to the absence of cell wall. Also, the size and charge of silver nanoparticles enable easy penetration of the bacterial cell wall. Conclusion: In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the seed extract of Artocarpus hirsutus for the first time exploiting the fact that Moraceae species have high phytonutrient content which aided in nanoparticle synthesis. This nanoparticle can be employed for large scale synthesis which when coupled with the pharmaceutical industry can be used to overcome the problems associated with conventional antibiotics to treat gastrointestinal bacteria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Jimoh, WA, MO Oladele-Bukola, MD Adebayo, AA Yusuff, FA Azeez, and OO Salami. "Microbial flora of the gastro-intestinal tract of Clarias gariepinus caught from river Dandaru Ibadan, Nigeria." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 2 (2014): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v12i2.4.

Full text

Abstract:

The study reports the microbial load and diversity in the gastro-intestinal tract of Clarias gariepinus caught in River Dandaru, Ibadan. A set of adult samples of Clarias gariepinus was caught from the river Dandaru, Ibadan. Determination of microbial loads and characterization of microorganisms present in the gut region of the captured Clarias gariepinus were carried out using standard microbiological procedures. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium atrovenetum and Penicillium expansum while the bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus alvei, Aeromonas hydrophilia, Bacillus megaterium, Flavobacterium rigense and Enterobacter aerogenes. The microbial counts were; total plate count 6.5 x 105 CFUs/g, total coliform count 1.9 x104 CFUs/g, total anaerobic count 4.2 x 102 CFUs/g, total faecal coliform count was 2.2 x 103 CFU/ml, total fungi count 3.0 x 103 spore/g.Keywords: Microbial Load,Catfish gut, Microbial diversity, River Dandaru

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Breitenbach, Jutta, Christopher Beermann, and Günter J. Esper. "Comparison of different methods for microencapsulation of probiotics." Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 12, no. 1 (2016): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/446.12.2016.4.

Full text

Abstract:

At the Department of Food Technology at Fulda University of Applied Sciences different methods for microencapsulation of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016 were investigated. The aim of these studies was to develop a process to stabilize the probiotic bacteria for storage and to prevent them from the gastric conditions, to ensure that a satisfactory amount of the probiotics could reach their target location, the human intestine. Drying processes like spray drying and freeze drying were tested as well as fluidized bed granulation with optional Wurster coating using different auxiliary materials. As encapsulation material maltodextrine, sweet whey powder or gummi arabicum were used. The coating experiments were performed with an aqueous shellac solution. In the performed studies the fluidized bed bottom spray granulation with an additional Wurster coating turned out to be an encouraging procedure to keep the probiotics in a stable form resistant against gastric conditions. The survival rate in the simulated gastro-intestinal passage could be increased up to the sevenfold amount of the untreated bacteria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Enache, Iuliana Maria, Aida Mihaela Vasile, Elena Enachi, Vasilica Barbu, Nicoleta Stănciuc, and Camelia Vizireanu. "Co-Microencapsulation of Anthocyanins from Black Currant Extract and Lactic Acid Bacteria in Biopolymeric Matrices." Molecules 25, no. 7 (2020): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071700.

Full text

Abstract:

Anthocyanins from black currant extract and lactic acid bacteria were co-microencapsulated using a gastro-intestinal-resistant biocomposite of whey protein isolate, inulin, and chitosan, with an encapsulation efficiency of 95.46% ± 1.30% and 87.38% ± 0.48%, respectively. The applied freeze-drying allowed a dark purple stable powder to be obtained, with a satisfactory content of phytochemicals and 11 log colony forming units (CFU)/g dry weight of powder (DW). Confocal laser microscopy displayed a complex system, with several large formations and smaller aggregates inside, consisting of biologically active compounds, lactic acid bacteria cells, and biopolymers. The powder showed good storage stability, with no significant changes in phytochemicals and viable cells over 3 months. An antioxidant activity of 63.64 ± 0.75 mMol Trolox/g DW and an inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase of 87.10% ± 2.08% and 36.96% ± 3.98%, respectively, highlighted the potential biological activities of the co-microencapsulated powder. Significantly, the in vitro digestibility profile showed remarkable protection in the gastric environment, with controlled release in the intestinal simulated environment. The powder was tested by addition into a complex food matrix (yogurt), and the results showed satisfactory stability of biologically active compounds when stored for 21 d at 4 °C. The obtained results confirm the important role of microencapsulation in ensuring a high degree of protection, thus allowing new approaches in developing food ingredients and nutraceuticals, with enhanced functionalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ivanovic, Snezana. "Campylobacter spp. Zoonotic micro organism." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 24, no. 1-2 (2008): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0802155i.

Full text

Abstract:

There are two species of Campylobacter but, for human and animal health the most important are Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and for animal species also Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter laridis. Different temperatures, drying, pH of the environment, disinfectants, spices and probiotics and antibiotics influence the growth and multiplication of this micro organism in the animal as well as in the animal products. Campylobacter is present everywhere in the nature: in water, soil, and especially in animal digestive tract. Infection of humans with Campylobacter occurs most often by introduction of liquid and solid food contaminated with this bacteria. Usual sources of infection are: non-pasteurized milk, raw or insufficiently cooked meat, contaminated water. In most of the cases disease is of gastro-intestinal nature.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Holmes, Natasha E., and Patrick G. P. Charles. "Safety and Efficacy Review of Doxycycline." Clinical Medicine. Therapeutics 1 (January 2009): CMT.S2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmt.s2035.

Full text

Abstract:

Doxycycline is a member of the tetracycline class of antibiotics and has been used clinically for more than 40 years. It is a well-tolerated drug that is bacteriostatic and acts via the inhibition of bacterial ribosomes. It is generally given at a dose of 100-mg daily or twice daily. It is well absorbed and has generally good tissue penetration. The serum half-life is 18-22 hours and dosage does not need to be adjusted in the presence of renal or hepatic impairment. Major side effects are gastro-intestinal and dermatological and it is generally contra-indicated in pregnancy or childhood because of concerns about discolouration of developing teeth and potential effects on growing bones. Drug interactions are not common although can occur with the concomitant use of methotrexate and the oral contraceptive pill, and its absorption can be reduced by the co-administration with some antacids and iron preparations. It has activity against many organisms, including Gram-positives, Gram-negatives and atypical bacteria. In addition, it appears to have some potentially clinically useful anti-inflammatory properties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Chaudhary, Ansh, Shubhi Shubhangi Bhatnagar, Meghna Prashant Nair, and Bhupendra Chaudhary. "Gut microbiota: friend or foe." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 1 (2020): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20205660.

Full text

Abstract:

Comprising of trillions of various bacteria, protozoan, fungi and viruses, the gut microbiota live in human body as a super complex ecosystem mostly in gastro intestinal tract (70%). Apart from GI tract they also inhabit skin, mouth and sexual organs as an essential ecological community of commensal, symbiotic or even pathogenic relationship. These microbiota interplay with bodily immune, endocrinal, metabolic and nervous system and produces various pathological changes responsible for disease etiology. These microbiota play a major role in digestion and absorption of macro molecules, maturation of immune system, protection of gut and behavioural development of an individual. In gut disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) the altered brain axis is responsible for disorders like depression, anxiety, schizoaffective disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, multiple sclerosis and parkinson’s disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Solanki, Himanshu, Madhavi P. Ghumare, Vipul D. Prajapati, and Sanjeev R. Acharya. "Development of Probiotic Lactobacillus sporogenes Loaded Biological Macromolecules using Novel Assembly Design for Long-term Preservation as Bio-therapeutic Agent." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 14, no. 3 (2021): 5481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2021.14.3.5.

Full text

Abstract:

The goal present investigation was to formulate and characterized of biological macromolecules of alginate (ALG) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) containing probiotic bacteria of Lactobacillus sporogenes (LS) co-encapsulated with a prebiotics, Bioecolians (α-Gluco-oligosaccharides). The prepared beads were characterized in terms of yield, size, encapsulation efficiency, viabilities in simulated gastric (pH 1.2, 2 hours) and bile (1% w/v, 3 hours) conditions. The beads were also characterized by FTIR, DSC, SEM and XRD to investigate molecular structure, surface properties and morphology of beads. The results showed that spherical beads with size distribution ranging from 1.18 ± 0.11 to 1.45 ± 0.15 mm for ALG and from 1.3 ± 0.12 to 1.5 ± 0.16 mm for ALG-CMC with encapsulation efficiency higher than 90% were achieved. The results indicated that incorporation of carboxymethylcellulose sodium into alginate beads improved viability of the bacteria in simulated gastric conditions as well as bile conditions. According to our in vitro studies, Probiotic beads using combination of ALG-CMC are suitable encapsulating polymer for gastro-intestinal delivery as designed by novel assembly using peristaltic pump for automated production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Dar, Mudasir A., Kiran D. Pawar, Jyoti P. Jadhav, and Radhakrishna S. Pandit. "Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gastro-intestinal tract of Achatina fulica (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) and their evaluation for cellulose biodegradation." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 98 (March 2015): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.11.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Uspenskaya, О. А., Е. А. Schevchenko, N. V. Kazarina, and M. V. Legostaeva. "The oral cavity micro-biocenosis in case of desquamative glossitis associated with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth." Parodontologiya 24, no. 1 (2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25636/pmp.1.2019.1.7.

Full text

Abstract:

Relevance of the research topic. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is one of the major factors in the development and persistence of digestive diseases and associated non-digestive disorders. The human gastrointestinal tract microbiota of different biotypes features a community of microorganisms with complex interrelationships. The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system and most easily accessible organ for specimen collection. Assessment of the oral mucosal surface works as a diagnostic test reﬂecting a somatic pathogenesis at its earliest stages. A hydrogen breath test is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for SIBO. The test entails measuring the hydrogen concentration in the exhaled air which is the metabolite of a quantitatively and qualitatively changed intestinal microﬂora. Small intestinal microbiota imbalance triggers the impairment of other gastrointestinal tract organs. It can cause oral, upper respiratory and gut tract microbial dysbiosis.Purpose. The main concern of this study is to explore the oral microbiota of patients with desquamative glossitis coupled with SIBO.Methods and materials. Clinical studies of 36 patients with desquamative glossitis and varying degrees of severity of SIBO generated data for this research. The comparison group comprised 12 persons with desquamative glossitis not paired by SIBO. The generated data was juxtaposed to normal reference values of the oral microbiota biocenosis. SIBO was diagnosed through hydrogen breath monitoring provided by the Gastro+Gastroliyser (BEDFONT) system while oral microﬂora was assessed based on culture tests.Results. The research showed that patients with more severe SIBO and desquamative glossitis manifest a more apparent oral dysbiosis with a simultaneous decrease of normal bacteria and an increase in the amount of conditionally pathogenic bacteria. However, patients who have desquamative glossitis but do not suffer from SIBO tend to show a stable normal microbial ﬂora and a growth of conditionally pathogenic bacteria.Summary. The research revealed that the deranged oral microbiota of patients with desquamative glossitis vary in its degree depending on the severity of SIBO as shown by hydrogen breath tests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Daelemans, Siel, Linde Peeters, Bruno Hauser, and Yvan Vandenplas. "Recent advances in understanding and managing infantile colic." F1000Research 7 (September 7, 2018): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14940.1.

Full text

Abstract:

A newborn brings joy to the family. Crying belongs to the spectrum of normal behaviour of young infants. However, although it occurs in about 20% of all infants, unsoothable and persistent crying in young infants distresses the family, although it is usually benign. The aetiology of infantile colic remains unknown, although an unbalanced gastro-intestinal microbiome, increased intestinal permeability, and chronic inflammation are involved, as well as behavioural factors, including over- and under-stimulation. It is a challenge for healthcare professionals to decide when organic disease needs to be excluded. Parental stress is a reason for babies to cry more, inducing a vicious cycle. Therefore, parental reassurance with explanatory guidance is the cornerstone of management. The placebo effect is estimated to be as high as 50%. If an intervention is felt to be necessary to offer further support to the baby and family, it is important to choose the options for which there is some efficacy without adverse effects. There is evidence that some specific probiotic strains such asLactobacillus reuteriDSM 19378, especially in breastfed infants, are effective. However, there are also promising data for some synbiotics and/or killed or tyndallized bacteria, as well as substances decreasing intestinal permeability. Formula management with extensive and/or partial hydrolysates may also bring relief. But, above all, offering parental support remains imperative.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lata Kanyal Butola, Anjali Vaaga, Neelam Gusain, and Karuna Kachhwa. "Aspects of dietary fibre in health and diseases." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (2020): 1581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4341.

Full text

Abstract:

Dietary fibre is the name collectively given to the indigestible carbohydrates present in foods. These carbohydrates consist of cellulose, gum, pectin and mucilage. Enzymes of gastro-intestinal tracts in humans do not digest these fibres. Plants are the only source of dietary fibre. It is found in grains, vegetables and fruits. Dietary fibre helps to keep the digestive system healthy, and it is vital in reducing the risk of diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, diverticulosis, haemorrhoids and intestinal cancer. Undigested fibres enter the large intestine where bacteria ferments them. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and short-chain fatty acids are the by-products of the fermentation. Soluble fibre and resistant starch also serve as prebiotic and supports the necessary probiotic for digestive health. In grapes, peas, beans and barley, much of the soluble fibre is extracted. When dissolved in the water, a gel-like substance is formed. Soluble fibre helps to support the growth of friendly bacteria needed to maintain a healthy intestinal system. They also help in slowing down the time taken by the food to pass through the stomach into the small intestine, which helps to slow down the absorption of glucose and controls the blood sugar levels and helps in managing diabetes mellitus and keeps you feeling fuller for a longer time. The diets with high fibre intakes are known to have beneficial health effects as they have water holding capacity, helps in adsorption of organic molecules and facilitates its excretion, hypoglycemic effects and hypercholesterolemic effect. The inclusion of fibre rich food in weight-reducing diets is found to helpful since it provides a feeling of fullness without consumption of excess calories. The present review discusses the definition, nutritional properties of dietary fibre and therapeutic functions of dietary fibres in health and diseases.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

van Zyl, W. F., S. M. Deane, and L. M. T. Dicks. "Bacteriocin production and adhesion properties as mechanisms for the anti-listerial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum 423 and Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA." Beneficial Microbes 10, no. 3 (2019): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2018.0141.

Full text

Abstract:

Probiotics play an important role in maintaining a healthy and stable intestinal microbiota, primarily by preventing infection. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to be inhibitory to many bacterial enteric pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant strains. Whilst the positive role that probiotics have on human physiology, specifically in the treatment or prevention of specific infectious diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) is known, the precise mechanistic basis of these effects remains a major research goal. In this study, molecular evidence to underpin the protective and anti-listerial effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 423 and Enterococcus mundtii ST4SA against orally administered Listeria monocytogenes EGDe in the GIT of mice is provided. Bacteriocins plantaricin 423 and mundticin ST4SA, produced by L. plantarum 423 and E. mundtii ST4SA, respectively, inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes in vitro and in vivo. Bacteriocin-negative mutants of L. plantarum 423 and E. mundtii ST4SA failed to exclude L. monocytogenes EGDe from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of mice. Furthermore, L. plantarum 423 and E. mundtii ST4SA failed to inhibit recombinant strains of L. monocytogenes EGDe in vivo that expressed the immunity proteins of the two bacteriocins. These results confirmed that bacteriocins plantaricin 423 and mundticin ST4SA acted as anti-infective mediators in vivo. Compared to wild type strains, mutants of L. plantarum 423 and E. mundtii ST4SA, in which the adhesion genes were knocked out, were less effective in the exclusion of L. monocytogenes EGDe from the GIT of mice. This work demonstrates the importance of bacteriocin and adhesion genes as probiotic anti-infective mechanisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

MacDonald, N. L., J. R. Stark, and B. Austin. "Bacterial microflora in the gastro-intestinal tract of Dover sole (Solea soleaL.), with emphasis on the possible role of bacteria in the nutrition of the host." FEMS Microbiology Letters 35, no. 1 (1986): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01508.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Oyetayo, M. A., F. I. Akinnibosun, and S. E. Omonigho. "MICROFLORAL COMPOSITION OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT OF BROILER CHICKENS EXPOSED TO FEED FORMULATIONS FROM FERMENTED CASHEW APPLE RESIDUE." African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 1, no. 1 (2020): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v1i1.33.

Full text

Abstract:

Broiler feed was formulated from fermented cashew apple residue (CAR) and its effect on the intestinal microflora balance of the birds was evaluated. CAR was subjected to fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum before being incorporated into the feed. The feeds were formulated by substituting maize with CAR at three levels: 100:0 (Diet A), 50:50 (Diet B), and 70:30 (Diet C) maize to CAR. Forty Day-old chicks were placed on the formulated feed for 6 weeks until they reached table size weight (2.2-2.5 Kg). The results indicated a slight difference in the colour and formation of the faeces of the experimental birds and there were no significant differences in the feed intake of the treatment groups and the control during the trial period. There were no significant differences in the feed conversion ratio (1.531±0.02 to 1.710±0.01) and the total weight gain (2.226±0.08 to 2.355±0.10) of the experimental groups and the control. Further, there was a higher level of lactic acid bacteria in the intestine of the groups fed with the feed containing fermented CAR recording 3.8 x 107 and 2.9 x 107cfu/g compared with the controls (2.2 x 107cfu/g). Also, the total Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and Salmonella counts in the intestinal content of the birds fed with the formulated feed containing the CAR were significantly lower than those found in the control group. These suggest that the cashew apple residue does not have negative effect on the intestinal microflora balance of the birds therefore, it may be used in the poultry feed formulation since it is cheap and available in large quantities during maize scarcity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

DRYDEN, JANE. "Digestion, Habit, and Being at Home: Hegel and the Gut as Ambiguous Other." PhaenEx 11, no. 2 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/p.v11i2.4780.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent work in the philosophy of biology argues that we must rethink the biological individual beyond the boundary of the species, given that a key part of our essential functioning is carried out by the bacteria in our intestines in a way that challenges any strictly genetic account of what is involved for the biological human. The gut is a kind of ambiguous other within our understanding of ourselves, particularly when we also consider the status of gastro-intestinal disorders. Hegel offers us theoretical tools to describe and understand our relationship to our gut. His description of our selves as continually mediated through otherness is strikingly compatible with the kind of structure contemporary biology presents us with. His accounts of digestion and habit, contextualized by his logic, help point toward an understanding of selfhood as porous and yet still capable of being sufficiently unified for us to make sense of ourselves, one which allows us to acknowledge otherness within us while still having enough unity for agency.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Ainsley Reid, A., J. C. Vuillemard, M. Britten, Y. Arcand, E. Farnworth, and C. P. Champagne. "Microentrapment of probiotic bacteria in a Ca2 +-induced whey protein gel and effects on their viability in a dynamic gastro-intestinal model." Journal of Microencapsulation 22, no. 6 (2005): 603–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040500162840.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Chen, Song, Yu Cao, Lynnette R. Ferguson, Quan Shu, and Sanjay Garg. "Flow cytometric assessment of the protectants for enhanced in vitro survival of probiotic lactic acid bacteria through simulated human gastro-intestinal stresses." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 95, no. 2 (2012): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4030-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Combrink, Leigh, Caroline K. Glidden, Bree R. Beechler, et al. "Age of first infection across a range of parasite taxa in a wild mammalian population." Biology Letters 16, no. 2 (2020): 20190811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0811.

Full text

Abstract:

Newborn mammals have an immature immune system that cannot sufficiently protect them against infectious diseases. However, variation in the effectiveness of maternal immunity against different parasites may couple with temporal trends in parasite exposure to influence disparities in the timing of infection risk. Determining the relationship between age and infection risk is critical in identifying the portion of a host population that contributes to parasite dynamics, as well as the parasites that regulate host recruitment. However, there are no data directly identifying timing of first infection among parasites in wildlife. Here, we took advantage of a longitudinal dataset, tracking infection status by viruses, bacteria, protists and gastro-intestinal worms in a herd of African buffalo ( Syncerus caffer ) to ask: how does age of first infection differ among parasite taxa? We found distinct differences in the age of first infection among parasites that aligned with the mode of transmission and parasite taxonomy. Specifically, we found that tick-borne and environmentally transmitted protists were acquired earlier than directly transmitted bacteria and viruses. These results emphasize the importance of understanding infection risk in juveniles, especially in host species where juveniles are purported to sustain parasite persistence and/or where mortality rates of juveniles influence population dynamics.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Shrestha, Anup, and S. Shrestha. "A Study of Clinico-pathological Profile of Suspected and Confirmed Neonatal Sepsis at Kathmandu Medical College." Nepal Medical College Journal 22, no. 1-2 (2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v22i1-2.30046.

Full text

Abstract:

Neonatal sepsis is a common reason for neonatal morbidity and mortality. Only clinical manifestations are inadequate to diagnose neonatal sepsis. In context of Nepal, there has been few studies correlating bacterial and clinical profile but none till now has managed to define the most adequate parameters to diagnose neonatal sepsis with certainty. Hence, this study is conducted to describe and compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of culture positive and clinically suspected sepsis (blood culture negative) and then assess whether differences exist between them. A descriptive prospective study was carried out for a period of one year starting from April 2017 to March 2018 at the NICU of Kathmandu Medical College. A total of 129 culture proven and suspected septic neonates were included. Clinical features, septic screening including blood culture, biochemical tests and radiological findings were taken into consideration. The incidence of definite neonatal sepsis was 22.4%. The most common bacterial isolates were gram negative bacteria. Klebsiella spp (48%) followed by CoNS (17%), Acinetobacter spp (14%), Enterobacter spp (7%), Pseudomonas (7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (7%) were isolated. Different non specific clinical features like respiratory and gastro-intestinal symptoms were seen. The neonates with clinical features had positive correlation with abnormal laboratory parameters with statistically significant p value, suggesting that septic neonates showed abnormal laboratory parameters. This data emphasizes the role of laboratory parameters other than blood culture for the diagnosis and empirical treatment of neonatal sepsis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Solomon, A. "Bifidostimulating ingredients for dessert fermented products." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 90 (2018): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9011.

Full text

Abstract:

Fermented sour-milk dessert products of a functional orientation are becoming increasingly popular in Ukraine. Dairy desserts have good taste properties, high nutritional and biological value and dense, non-flowing consistency. A wide range of additions, fillers, flavors, stabilizers are used in the production of desserts. Fermented dairy products are the main suppliers of probiotic microorganisms that promote the maintenance and restoration of human microbial ecology. Probiotic cultures that provide beneficial effects on the consumer's body and normalize the composition and function of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract include the following types of lactobacterial bifidobacteria: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium spp. (V. adolescentis, B. animalis spp. Lactis, B. bifidum, B. longum, B. breve). Bifidobacteria – is one of the most important groups of intestinal microorganisms, which dominate the anaerobic flora of the colon. The International Dairy Federation defines such mixtures as bioproducts, which contain at least 1 × 106 bifidobacteria in 1 cm3. It should be noted that for most part of microorganisms, which are representatives of normal microflora of the human gastro intestinal tract, milk is an unfavorable environment for their development. This is due to the fact that there are no low molecules compounds in milk required for the development of microorganisms, such as free amino acids, monocourses, etc., as well as the fact that most bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium are related to obligated anaerobes that are adversely affected dissolved in milk oxygen air. Therefore, bifidobacteria, which belong to anaerobes, develop in milk very slowly. Bifidobacteria are actively involved in the restoration of normal intestinal microflora in gastrointestinal diseases and after treatment with antibiotics. It is necessary to use milk-adapted strains of bifidobacteria in order to stimulate their development and to provide the necessary composition of the nutrient environment and growth stimulants for their development, and to cultivate them together with lactic acid bacteria that have high β-galactosidase activity, which increases their own β-galactosidase activity bifidobacteria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Souda, Sajini, George Saramma, Irene Goercke, Kelvin Chabaesele, and Naledi Mannathoko. "An Evaluation of the Antioxidant Status and Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanol Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum." IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2455-4499) 5, no. 1 (2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jas.v5.n1.p7.

Full text

Abstract:

<div><p><em>Herbal drug therapy is regarded as an important alternative for the treatment of chronic and infectious disease. Ocimum gratissimum has been used extensively in traditional medicine in many countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant status and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum (MEOG) and to establish that the antimicrobial activity is due to its antioxidant potentials. The total antioxidant status was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method to determine total phenolic content of the MEOG. The antimicrobial effect was determined by agar diffusion and broth dilution method against different ATCC strains of pathogenic bacteria. Zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The results indicate that the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of MEOG is mainly due to its total phenolic content and bioactive ingredients like tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, quinones and terpenoids. The MEOG was found microbicidal against all tested gram positive and negative organisms and against the fungus, Candida albicans. The MIC for gram positive organisms ranged between 0.117 – 7.5mg/ml and for gram negative organisms the range were between 0.469 – 3.75 mg/ml. The MBC for the gram positive bacteria ranged from 0.117mg/ml – 15 mg/ml and for gram negative bacteria from 3.75 mg/ml- 15 mg/ml. In conclusion, MEOG can be used in the treatment of skin infections due to bacteria and fungus and also in the respiratory and gastro intestinal infections due to its antioxidant properties.<strong></strong></em></p></div>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Yadav, Amit S., Umesh B. Kulkarni, Bharat C. Kumar, and Unmesh V. Takalkar. "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among dyspepsia patients with mucosal lesion in tertiary care hospital." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 6 (2018): 2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20182234.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a curved rod shaped bacteria, is found to be associated with acid peptic disease patients, more in ulcer than non-ulcer, leading to a belief that H. pylori plays a role in its etiopathogenesis. In this study we examine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among dyspepsia patients with mucosal lesion.Methods: 300 patients of dyspepsia were enrolled in the study as per inclusion/exclusion criteria for a period of eight months. Enrolled patients were subjected to upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy and findings were recorded. Biopsy specimen taken from mucosal lesions were immediately inoculated on ‘RUT dry kit’ to test for H. pylori infection.Results: 234 out of 300 patients (78%) were found to be positive for H. pylori infection. The incidence of H. pylori infection was higher in patients with ulcer dyspepsia (88.46%) when compared to the patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (72.44%).Conclusions: Prevalence of H. pylori infection was high and was found to have an association with ulcer dyspepsia allowing us to conclude that H. pylori may have a role in its etiopathogenesis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kamle, Madhu, Dipendra K. Mahato, Kyung Eun Lee, et al. "Ethnopharmacological Properties and Medicinal Uses of Litsea cubeba." Plants 8, no. 6 (2019): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8060150.

Full text

Abstract:

The genus Litsea is predominant in tropical and subtropical regions of India, China, Taiwan, and Japan. The plant possesses medicinal properties and has been traditionally used for curing various gastro-intestinal ailments (e.g., diarrhea, stomachache, indigestion, and gastroenteritis) along with diabetes, edema, cold, arthritis, asthma, and traumatic injury. Besides its medicinal properties, Litsea is known for its essential oil, which has protective action against several bacteria, possesses antioxidant and antiparasitic properties, exerts acute and genetic toxicity as well as cytotoxicity, and can even prevent several cancers. Here we summarize the ethnopharmacological properties, essentials oil, medicinal uses, and health benefits of an indigenous plant of northeast India, emphasizing the profound research to uplift the core and immense potential present in the conventional medicine of the country. This review is intended to provide insights into the gaps in our knowledge that need immediate focus on in-situ conservation strategies of Litsea due to its non-domesticated and dioecious nature, which may be the most viable approach and intense research for the long-term benefits of society and local peoples.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Garcia-Gonzalez, Natalia, Natalia Battista, Roberta Prete, and Aldo Corsetti. "Health-Promoting Role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Isolated from Fermented Foods." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020349.

Full text

Abstract:

Fermentation processes have been used for centuries for food production and preservation. Besides the contribution of fermentation to food quality, recently, scientific interest in the beneficial nature of fermented foods as a reservoir of probiotic candidates is increasing. Fermented food microbes are gaining attention for their health-promoting potential and for being genetically related to human probiotic bacteria. Among them, Lactiplantibacillus (Lpb.) plantarum strains, with a long history in the food industry as starter cultures in the production of a wide variety of fermented foods, are being investigated for their beneficial properties which are similar to those of probiotic strains, and they are also applied in clinical interventions. Food-associated Lpb. plantarum showed a good adaptation and adhesion ability in the gastro-intestinal tract and the potential to affect host health through various beneficial activities, e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidative, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, in several in vitro and in vivo studies. This review provides an overview of fermented-associated Lpb. plantarum health benefits with evidence from clinical studies. Probiotic criteria that fermented-associated microbes need to fulfil are also reported.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Jensen, M. T., R. P. Cox, and B. B. Jensen. "Microbial production of skatole in the hind gut of pigs given different diets and its relation to skatole deposition in backfat." Animal Science 61, no. 2 (1995): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013837.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe intestinal production of skatole and its deposition in backfat was investigated in 35 uncastrated crossbred male pigs. The pigs were fed five purified non-commercial diets containing either casein or brewers yeast slurry as protein source. The yeast slurry diet was used alone or supplemented with either wheat bran (200 g/kg), sugar-beet pulp (200 g/kg), or soya oil (100 g/kg).Skatole concentrations in backfat, and in digesta in different sections of the gastro-intestinal tract were measured at slaughter (mean weight 112 kg). There were large variations in skatole concentrations in the hind gut of different animals given the same diet. Although there was some correlation between skatole in intestinal contents and deposition in adipose tissue, there were also large variations between individual animals in their response to intestinal skatole. Nevertheless, there was a clear effect of diet on both intestinal skatole production and skatole deposition in backfat. The use of casein as a protein source decreased microbial skatole production, the total amount in the gut, and the concentration in the backfat. Addition of sugar-beet pulp to the yeast slurry diet increased microbial activity in the intestine (measured as ATP content, concentration of short-chain fatty acids, and lowering of digesta pH). There was a decreased rate of skatole production during in vitro incubations of intestinal content, and less skatole in the hind gut and backfat.In vitro fermentations of freeze-dried Heal effluent inoculated with faecal bacteria, and addition of substrates to in vitro incubations of intestinal contents, demonstrated that tryptophan availability rather than microbial activity was the limiting factor for skatole production.The results show that skatole production depends on the amount of protein entering the hind gut and the proteolytic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Protein fermentation in the hind gut can be decreased either by using more readily digestible protein sources (for example casein rather than yeast slurry) which reduce the amount of protein passing through to the hind gut, or by adding an alternative energy source which is more readily metabolized by the hind gut microbiota (for example supplementation of the yeast slurry diet with sugar-beet pulp). This provides a basis for the rational design of diets which will decrease skatole concentrations in the carcass.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Gastro-intestinal bacteria'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles