Academic literature on the topic 'Gastrointestinal parasite infection'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gastrointestinal parasite infection"
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Guowu, Zhang, Zhang Kai, Wang Xifeng, Ji Chunhui, Ning Chengcheng, Zhao Yue, Qiao Jun, et al. "Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in camels in the Tianshan Mountains pastoral area in China." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 4 (November 6, 2020): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0071.
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AbstractIntroductionGastrointestinal parasites are some of the most common pathogens which are seriously harmful to the camel’s health. The infection status of gastrointestinal parasites in camels (Camelus bactrianus) in the Tianshan Mountains pastoral area in China is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the species and infection intensity of gastrointestinal tract parasites in local camels.Material and MethodsA total of 362 fresh faecal samples were collected and examined for parasite eggs using the saturated saline floating and natural sedimentation method. The parasite eggs were subjected to morphological and molecular examination and identification, and the infection rate and mean intensity of the parasites were analysed.ResultsA total of 15 gastrointestinal tract parasite species’ eggs were identified, with a detection rate of 100%. Ostertagia spp. (100%) and Trichostrongylus spp. (98.1%) were dominant. Camels were often coinfected by 5–14 species. The average number of eggs per gram of faeces was higher for Ostertagia spp. (298), Haemonchus contortus (176) and Nematodirus spp. (138). The number of species of parasites infecting young camels was significantly lower than that of adult camels, but the infection intensity in young camels was significantly higher.ConclusionGastrointestinal parasites were highly prevalent in camels from the Tianshan Mountains pastoral area in China. This finding provides important epidemiological data for the prevention and control of associated infections in camels.
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Filip-Hutsch, Katarzyna, Michał Czopowicz, Agnieszka Barc, and Aleksander W. Demiaszkiewicz. "Gastrointestinal Helminths of a European Moose Population in Poland." Pathogens 10, no. 4 (April 11, 2021): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040456.
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Parasitic infections have a negative impact on the fecundity and survival of wild ruminants, particularly moose; however, despite being more susceptible to parasitic diseases than other wild cervids, they remain poorly examined in this regard. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify gastrointestinal and liver helminth species of the moose population in central Europe, assess the factors contributing to infection intensities and examine their impact on moose health. Abomasum, small intestine, caecum and liver samples were collected from 46 moose in Poland and evaluated for helminth parasite fauna and histopathological changes. Additionally, 289 moose fecal samples were analyzed for the presence of eggs, oocysts and larvae of parasites. In total, 19 parasite taxa were identified. The most prevalent were Mazamastrongylus dagestanica and Ostertagia antipini, which are typical nematodes of moose, together with Spiculopteragia boehmi and O. leptospicularis, characteristic also of other cervids. Parasite species diversity and abomasal parasitic infection intensity were higher in adult moose than in yearlings and calves. The numbers of histopathological lesions depended on the intensity of parasitic infections, and were most severe in the livers of moose infected with Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha. The analysis of fecal samples revealed several regional differences in the levels of parasite eggs, oocysts and larvae shedding. Our findings indicate an accumulation of parasite infections over time in moose, which may be related to high environmental parasite pressure, possibly connected with high moose density and the presence of wetlands; they also serve as the most comprehensive study of moose parasites in central Europe to date.
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EZENWA, V. O. "Habitat overlap and gastrointestinal parasitism in sympatric African bovids." Parasitology 126, no. 4 (April 2003): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002002913.
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Gastrointestinal parasite infections are widespread among wild ungulates. Because many of these parasites infect multiple host species, inter-specific interactions among hosts potentially play an important role in parasite transmission dynamics in ungulate communities. In this study, the effects of inter-specific contact on parasitism rates in 11 sympatric African bovids was examined using habitat overlap among species as a measure of cross-species contact rates. Across individual hosts, strongyle nematode abundance increased with increasing numbers of bovid species occupying a habitat. Furthermore, comparative analyses show a positive association between strongyle prevalence and level of habitat overlap across taxa. These findings suggest that among sympatric bovids, contact between species contributes significantly to the transmission of generalist nematode parasites. For a more host-specific parasite group, coccidia, parasite abundance and individual probability of infection declined in hosts living in bovid rich habitats. This pattern may reflect enhanced inter-specific competition among parasites in these areas. Finally, similar to strongyle abundance, individual parasite richness also increased among hosts occupying habitats with higher numbers of bovid species. No association between habitat overlap and parasite richness was detected at higher taxonomic scales, however, which suggests that contact between host species may not contribute to parasite colonization of new host taxa.
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Xu, Shanghua, Shumiao Zhang, Xiaolong Hu, Baofeng Zhang, Shuang Yang, Xin Hu, Shuqiang Liu, Defu Hu, and Jiade Bai. "Temporal and spatial dynamics of gastrointestinal parasite infection in Père David’s deer." PeerJ 9 (May 5, 2021): e11335. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11335.
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Background The Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) population was established from only a small number of individuals. Their genetic diversity is therefore relatively low and transmissible (parasitic) diseases affecting them merit further attention. Parasitic infections can affect the health, survival, and population development of the host. However, few reports have been published on the gastrointestinal parasites of Père David’s deer. The aims of this study were: (1) to identify the intestinal parasites groups in Père David’s deer; (2) to determine their prevalence and burden and clarify the effects of different seasons and regions on various indicators of Père David’s deer intestinal parasites; (3) to evaluate the effects of the Père David’s deer reproductive period on these parasites; (4) to reveal the regularity of the parasites in space and time. Methods In total, 1,345 Père David’s deer faecal samples from four regions during four seasons were tested using the flotation (saturated sodium nitrate solution) to identify parasites of different genus or group, and the McMaster technique to count the number of eggs or oocysts. Results Four groups of gastrointestinal parasites were found, of which strongyles were dominant; their prevalence and burden were significantly higher than other groups. Significant temporal and spatial effects on gastrointestinal parasitic infection were found. Parasite diversity, prevalence, parasite burden, and aggregation were the highest in summer. Among the four regions, parasite diversity, prevalence, and burden were the highest in the Dongting Lake area. In addition, parasite diversity and burden during the reproductive period of Père David’s deer was significantly higher than during the post-reproductive period. Conclusions The summer season and the reproductive period of Père David’s deer had great potential for parasite transmission, and there is a high risk of parasite outbreaks in the Dongting Lake area.
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Morgan, Douglas R., Matthew Benshoff, Mercedes Cáceres, Sylvia Becker-Dreps, Loreto Cortes, Christopher F. Martin, Max Schmulson, and Rodolfo Peña. "Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Gastrointestinal Parasite Infection in a Developing Nation Environment." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/343812.
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Postinfectious IBS is defined in the industrialized world as IBS onset following a sentinel gastrointestinal infection. In developing nations, where repeated bacterial and parasitic gastrointestinal infections are common, the IBS pathophysiology may be altered. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between intestinal parasite infection and IBS in the “nonsterile” developing world environment. IBS subjects were identified from a population-based sample of 1624 participants using the Rome II Modular Questionnaire. Stool samples from cases and randomly selected controls were examined for ova and parasites. Logistic regression models explored the relationship between IBS and parasite infection. The overall IBS prevalence among participants was 13.2% (9.3% males, 15.9% females). There was no difference in parasite carriage between IBS cases and controls, 16.6% versus 15.4% (P=0.78), nor among IBS subtypes. The pathophysiology of post-infectious IBS may be altered in the developing world as compared to industrialized nations and warrants investigation.
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Kaewnoi, Domechai, Ratchakul Wiriyaprom, Saowakon Indoung, and Ruttayaporn Ngasaman. "Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand." August-2020 13, no. 8 (2020): 1544–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1544-1548.
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Background and Aim: Bullfighting is booming in South Thailand, attracting tourists, and stimulating local economies. The bulls are well raised and practiced, but in many cases, the owners lack knowledge and understanding of the prevention of animal diseases, including parasitic infections. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infection in fighting bulls. Materials and Methods: A total of 1501 fecal samples were collected from bulls aged 2-5 years visiting the animal hospital of Prince of Songkla University during 2016-2019. The formalin ethylether concentration method was used to detect GI parasites in feces. Results: The overall rate of GI parasite infection was 94.27%. Rumen fluke eggs were detected in 97.17% of all infected animals, followed in prevalence by strongyles (26.29%), Eurytrema spp. (2.83%), Fasciola spp. (2.47%), Trichuris spp. (0.35%), and Moniezia spp. (0.14%). Two protozoan genera were identified, Balantidium coli (6.64%) and Eimeria spp. (3.53%). Coinfection was observed in 33.99%. The five most common coinfections were rumen fluke with strongyles (20.85%), B. coli (4.66%), Eimeria spp. (1.55%), Eurytrema spp. (1.34%), and Fasciola spp. (1.06%). Conclusion: In addition to high GI parasite infection rates, zoonotic parasites were observed. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should follow good sanitation and prevention practices to control parasitic infections in bulls, and proper hygienic precautions should be taken by the owners. Implementation of deworming programs using appropriate anthelmintic drugs as well as rotation of anthelmintic drug that have different chemical agent to prevent further drug resistance should be considered. The promotion of bull health management is highly recommended to protect humans from zoonotic diseases.
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Lass, Sandra, Peter J. Hudson, Juilee Thakar, Jasmina Saric, Eric Harvill, Réka Albert, and Sarah E. Perkins. "Generating super-shedders: co-infection increases bacterial load and egg production of a gastrointestinal helminth." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 80 (March 6, 2013): 20120588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0588.
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Co-infection by multiple parasites is common within individuals. Interactions between co-infecting parasites include resource competition, direct competition and immune-mediated interactions and each are likely to alter the dynamics of single parasites. We posit that co-infection is a driver of variation in parasite establishment and growth, ultimately altering the production of parasite transmission stages. To test this hypothesis, three different treatment groups of laboratory mice were infected with the gastrointestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus , the respiratory bacterial pathogen Bordetella bronchiseptica lux + or co-infected with both parasites. To follow co-infection simultaneously, self-bioluminescent bacteria were used to quantify infection in vivo and in real-time, while helminth egg production was monitored in real-time using faecal samples. Co-infection resulted in high bacterial loads early in the infection (within the first 5 days) that could cause host mortality. Co-infection also produced helminth ‘super-shedders’; individuals that chronically shed the helminth eggs in larger than average numbers. Our study shows that co-infection may be one of the underlying mechanisms for the often-observed high variance in parasite load and shedding rates, and should thus be taken into consideration for disease management and control. Further, using self-bioluminescent bacterial reporters allowed quantification of the progression of infection within the whole animal of the same individuals at a fine temporal scale (daily) and significantly reduced the number of animals used (by 85%) compared with experiments that do not use in vivo techniques. Thus, we present bioluminescent imaging as a novel, non-invasive tool offering great potential to be taken forward into other applications of infectious disease ecology.
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Pedersen, Amy B., and Janis Antonovics. "Anthelmintic treatment alters the parasite community in a wild mouse host." Biology Letters 9, no. 4 (August 23, 2013): 20130205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0205.
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Individuals are often co-infected with several parasite species, yet the consequences of drug treatment on the dynamics of parasite communities in wild populations have rarely been measured. Here, we experimentally reduced nematode infection in a wild mouse population and measured the effects on other non-target parasites. A single oral dose of the anthelmintic, ivermectin, significantly reduced nematode infection, but resulted in a reciprocal increase in other gastrointestinal parasites, specifically coccidial protozoans and cestodes. These results highlight the possibility that drug therapy may have unintended consequences for non-target parasites and that host–parasite dynamics cannot always be fully understood in the framework of single host–parasite interactions.
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Win, Shwe Yee, Myintzu Win, Ei Phyu Thwin, Lat Lat Htun, Myint Myint Hmoon, Hla Myet Chel, Yu Nandi Thaw, et al. "Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Small Ruminants in the Central Part of Myanmar." Journal of Parasitology Research 2020 (November 25, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8826327.
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Gastrointestinal parasite infection in small ruminants remains one of the major economic losses caused by reduced productivity. A total of 380 faecal samples were taken from 280 sheeps in Magway and Pwintbyu Townships and 100 goats in Natmauk Township, Myanmar. Faecal flotation and sedimentation methods were carried out to detect the presence of parasitic infections. Faecal egg and oocyst counts were carried out using the McMaster technique. The overall occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants was 98.4% (374/380). The occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep (99.3%) was higher than that in goats (96%). The highest occurrence was found in Eimeria spp. (96%), followed by Trichostrongyle (77.1%), Trichuris spp. (35%), and Moniezia expansa (14%). The mixed infection rate was 84.8% (317/374), while a single infection was 15.2% (57/374). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) and oocysts per gram (OPG) of faeces were ranged from 50 to 600 and 50 to 29,800, respectively. Among the 4 nucleotide sequences isolated, one sequence was 94.10-94.47% similarity with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, reported from Laos, and three sequences showed 96.64-99.46% identity with Haemonchus contortus from Laos, China, India, and Mongolia. As gastrointestinal parasite infection in small ruminants was relatively high in the study area, the development of appropriate treatment and control measures should be provided to reduce production losses.
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Begum, A., and S. Sehrin. "Gastrointestinal helminths in pigeon Columba livia (Gmelin, 1789)." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 38, no. 1 (June 16, 2013): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15324.
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A total of 60 pigeon, Columba livia (25 males and 35 females) were examined to observe helminth parasite infection. All the birds were found to be infected by eleven species of helminth parasites: four species of trematoda: Echinostoma revolutum (15%) E. trivolvus (5%), Patagifer bilobus (5%), Ehinoparyphium recurvatum (8.33%); six species of cestoda: Hymenolepis columbae (63.33%), Raillietina echinobothrida (100%), R. bonini (43.33%), R. cesticillus (100%), Cotugnia celebesensis (68.33%), C. cuneata (100%); and one species of nematoda: Ascaridia columbae (28.33%). Females showed slightly higher intensity of infestation than the males. Trematode parasites were found in intestine and rectum, cestode parasites were found in duodenum and intestine, nematode parasite Ascaridia columbae was found in caeca. Oesophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, gallbladder, liver, kidney and muscles were free of parasites. Considering among seasons highest intensity of infection was found in autumn. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v38i1.15324 J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 38(1): 93-98, June 2012
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gastrointestinal parasite infection"
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White, Emily Claire. "Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris : defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/infection-by-the-gastrointestinal-parasite-trichuris-muris-defining-the-microbiota-of-the-parasite-and-the-host(e29ed75d-014d-4e36-87ed-a6db82845511).html.
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Intestinal dwelling parasites live in close association with the complex microbiota that inhabit our intestinal tracts. The intestinal helminth, Trichuris muris, depends on these bacteria for egg hatching and successful establishment of infection within the epithelium of the caecum and colon. Infection causes significant alterations to the host intestinal microbiota, including a decrease in bacterial diversity and shifts in proportions of certain bacterial groups. This is accompanied by a decrease in Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and changes to the metabolic potential of the host microbiota, consequently impacting host health. However, the factor(s) driving these changes and the existence and role of its own intestinal microbiota is unknown. Infection of C57BL/6 and immunodeficient SCID mice with a high dose (~ 200 embryonated eggs) and a low dose (~ 20 embryonated eggs) of T. muris was used to determine the impact of worm burden and the adaptive immune system on the host intestinal microbiota, in comparison to naïve controls. Microbiota analysis was performed by 16S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Illumina sequencing. This revealed that infection-induced microbiota changes were dose dependent and high level infection caused an increase in the Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families, independently of the host adaptive immune system. Development of a surface sterilisation protocol enabled the internal T. muris microbiota to be analysed by 16S rRNA gene DGGE and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). The resulting data indicated that T. muris requires its own diverse intestinal microbiota that is derived from, but distinct to, that of its host. A core microbiota is selected and maintained by the parasite regardless of the surrounding host microbiota. The parasite microbiota is important for its fitness, shown in vitro using an antibiotic motility assay and in vivo using germ free (GF) mice. Furthermore, infection with T. muris causes a significant reduction in caecal butyrate concentrations and consequently a decrease in the expression of butyrate transporters in caecal tissue. Interestingly, the T. muris microbiota is able to produce the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, which the parasite is unable to make itself yet secretes into its local environment. Together these strategies promote the long term survival of T. muris within the intestinal niche, adding a new level of complexity to the interaction between the pathogen, the host and their respective microbiotas that underpins successful chronic nematode infection.
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Panozzo, Jacqueline. "Wild deer as potential reservoirs of economically important gastrointestinal parasites in South Eastern Australia." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2018. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/170422.
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Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infection of ruminant livestock can be a source of significant economic loss for farmers. Appropriate animal management and drug treatments can reduce the transmission and subsequent effect of GI parasite infections on ruminant livestock productivity. However, transmission of infection from outside sources, such as wildlife, can make GI parasite control measures in livestock ineffective. In Australia, particularly Victoria, the large population of wild deer now represents a significant biosecurity risk due to the potential ability of economically important GI parasites of livestock to infect deer. This thesis aimed to investigate the presence of GI parasites in three species of Victorian wild deer (fallow, hog and sambar) by screening deer faecal samples through the traditional parasitology technique of faecal egg count (FEC) and through DNA-based molecular techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Screening wild deer faecal samples for strongyle parasites via FEC resulted in 15.1% positive samples. DNA based techniques were significantly more sensitive than FEC, with 60.0% deer faecal samples positive for strongyles. NGS detected DNA of eleven different strongyle species in wild deer faecal samples, including the economically important parasite species of livestock of O. ostertagi, O. leptospicularis, Haemonchus spp., O. radiatum, Trichostrongylus spp. and C. oncophora. Infection with the economically important trematode parasite of livestock, Fasciola hepatica, was also confirmed by worm recovery in hog deer. The same economically important strongyle species were also detected in faecal samples from wild deer co-grazing with cattle. Collectively, this study has indicated that wild deer in Victoria may be significant reservoirs of parasitic diseases of livestock and warrants further investigation.Doctor of Philosophy
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Anthony, Robert McCullough. "Characterization and function of the inflammatory response to infection by a gastrointestinal nematode parasite : new insights into protective Th2 responses /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2006. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Anthony2006.pdf.
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Evangelista, Francisco Miguel Dias. "New administration formula of parasiticide fungi spores to prevent infection by gastrointestinal nematodes in pasturing horses." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15895.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaAnthelmintic resistance in horses has increased in recent years and the continuous search for alternative control methods has led to the development of complementary approaches such as biological control. This approach can make use of parasiticide fungi, such as Duddingtonia flagrans and Mucor circinelloides, in parasite population control and recent research has been focused on the development of new administration methods. Following this line of research, a new and alternative formula has been developed by using a lyophilized product that contained both D. flagrans and M. circinelloides spores for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in horses. After the product manufacture and the normal spore morphology were assessed, these were tested for in vitro growth. A total of 20 Petri dishes were assembled with a mix of 0.1 g of product and 0.5 ml of water in solid media. The assembled plaques were kept at 25ºC in total darkness and all showed the development of new fungi spores after 10 days. Following the in vitro assessment, the product was administered per os to horses in order to observe their effect in the faecal egg count (FEC) of eggs per gram (EPG). Thus, one group of 5 horses in a pasture was chosen to receive 10 g of product (with M. circinelloides spores and a total of around 105 D. flagrans chlamydospores per horse), 3 days a week starting in September, and another group of 7 horses in an adjacent pasture remained as control. Following treatment with Ivermectin pour-on in September 2017, a faecal sample was collected from each horse on a monthly basis and FEC was assessed using a Modified McMaster technique. Only gastrointestinal nematode eggs, namely strongyle eggs, were observed with this technique. The EPG average from each group was compared for each individual month and overall to see the reduction effect achieved with the fungi treatment. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in February (72% reduction), March (64% reduction), and overall, 66% reduction. The horses in the test group only reached a cut-off value of 300 EPG two months after the horses in the control group. In November and January, faecal culture method was applied to all faecal samples, showing only the presence of cyathostomin larvae. This study allowed the successful development of a new formula for the administration of parasiticide fungi to horses, based on lyophilized product, which increases the possibilities for future product development and application. New and improved ways of biological control should be developed and implemented to increase parasite control and reduce anthelmintic resistance cases.
RESUMO - NOVA FÓRMULA DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE FUNGOS PARASITICIDAS PARA PREVENIR INFEÇÃO POR NEMÁTODES GASTROINTESTINAIS EM CAVALOS DE PASTOREIO (LUGO, ESPANHA) - A resistência a anti-helmínticos em cavalos tem vindo a aumentar recentemente e a procura por métodos de controlo alternativos levou ao desenvolvimento de abordagens complementares como o controlo biológico. Esta abordagem usa fungos parasiticidas, como Duddingtonia flagrans e Mucor circinelloides, no controlo da população parasitária e estudos recentes têm-se focado no desenvolvimento de novos métodos de administração. Seguindo esta tendência, uma fórmula nova e alternativa foi desenvolvida utilizando um produto liofilizado que contém esporos de D. flagrans e M. circinelloides para o controlo de nematodes gastrointestinais em cavalos. Após fabrico do produto e verificação da morfologia normal dos esporos, estes foram testados para crescimento in vitro. Um total de 20 placas de Petri foram semeadas com uma mistura de 0.1 g de produto e 0.5 ml de água em meio sólido. As placas foram mantidas a 25ºC em escuridão total e todas demonstraram desenvolvimento de novos esporos passados 10 dias. Após a verificação in vitro, o produto foi administrado per os a cavalos para observar o seu efeito nas contagens fecais de ovos (CFO) por grama (OPG). Assim, um grupo de 5 cavalos em pastoreio foi escolhido para receber 10 g de produto cada (com esporos de M. circinelloides e um total de cerca 105 clamidosporos de D. flagrans por cavalo) 3 vezes por semana, de setembro a março. Outro grupo de 7 cavalos numa pastagem adjacente foi utilizado como controlo. Após tratamento com unção contínua de Ivermectina em setembro de 2017, uma amostra fecal de cada cavalo foi colhida mensalmente e o CFO foi avaliado utilizando a técnica de McMaster modificado. Apenas ovos de nemátodes gastrointestinais, nomeadamente estrongilídeos, foram observados com esta técnica. A média de OPG de cada grupo foi comparada para cada mês e no total do estudo para observar o efeito de redução do tratamento fúngico. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos foram observadas em fevereiro, redução de 72%, março, redução de 64%, e no total, 66% de redução. Cavalos no grupo de teste só passaram o limiar de 300 OPG dois meses depois dos cavalos do grupo controlo. Em novembro e janeiro foram realizadas culturas fecais em todas as amostras, demonstrando apenas a existência de larvas de ciatostomíneos. Este estudo permitiu com sucesso o desenvolvimento de uma nova fórmula para administração oral de fungos parasiticidas para cavalos com base num produto liofilizado, aumentando as futuras possibilidades de desenvolvimento e aplicações de produtos. Novas e aperfeiçoadas formas de controlo biológico devem ser desenvolvidas e implementadas para aumentar o controlo de parasitas e diminuir os casos de resistência a anti-helmínticos.
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Laurenson, Yan Christian Stephen Mountfort. "Modelling nematode infections in sheep and parasite control strategies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8178.
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Gastrointestinal parasitism in grazing lambs adversely affects animal performance and welfare, causing significant production losses for the sheep industry. Control of gastrointestinal parasitism using chemotherapeutic treatment is under threat due to the emergence of anthelmintic resistance, thus stimulating research into alternative control strategies. Whilst investigating control strategies experimentally can be costly and time consuming, using a mathematical modelling approach can reduce such constraints. A previously developed model which describes the impact of host nutrition, genotype and gastrointestinal parasitism in a growing lamb, provided an appropriate starting point to explore control strategies and their impact on host-parasite interactions. Two contrasting mechanisms have previously been proposed to account for the occurrence of anorexia during parasitism. These were reductions in either intrinsic growth rate or relative food intake. Thus, the existing individual lamb model was modified to evaluate these mechanisms by exploring the relationship between anorexia and food composition (Chapter 2). For foods that did not constrain food intake, published data was found to be consistent with the predictions that arose from anorexia being modelled as a reduction in relative food intake. Reported genetic parameter estimates for resistance and performance traits appear to vary under differing production environments. In order to explore the impact of epidemiological effects and anthelmintic input on genetic parameter estimates the model was extended to simulate a population of lambs in a grazing scenario (Chapter 3). Whilst estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations for drenched lambs remained constant, for lambs given no anthelmintic treatment, the heritability of empty body weight (EBW) reduced and the genetic correlation between faecal egg count (FEC) and EBW became increasingly negative with increasing exposure to infective larvae. Thus differences in anthelmintic input and pasture larval contamination (PC) may provide plausible causes for the variation in genetic parameter estimates previously reported. To investigate the interactions between host resistance and epidemiology (Chapter 4) a population of 10,000 lambs were simulated and FEC predictions used to assign the 1,000 lambs with the highest and lowest predicted FEC to ‘susceptible’ (S) and ‘resistant’ (R) groups, respectively. R and S groups were then simulated to graze separate pastures over 3 grazing seasons. The average FEC and PC predictions of these groups diverged during the first 2 grazing seasons and stabilised during the third, such that the difference in FEC predictions between R and S groups were double those predicted when grazed with the population. This was found to be consistent with experimental data. Further, anthelmintic treatment and grazing strategies were predicted to have no impact on the EBW of resistant lambs, suggesting that control strategies should be targeted towards susceptible animals. Targeted selective anthelmintic treatment (TST) has been proposed to reduce risks of anthelmintic resistance with minimal impacts on performance. To describe the short- and long-term impacts of TST and drenching frequency on sheep production and the emergence of anthelmintic resistance, the model was extended to include a description of anthelmintic resistance genotypes within the nematode population (Chapter 5). Reducing the proportion of treated animals was predicted to increase the duration of anthelmintic efficacy, whilst reducing the drenching frequency increased the long-term benefits of anthelmintic on sheep production. Various determinant criteria for use in TST regimes were compared (Chapter 5) including performance traits such as live weight and growth rate, and parasitological traits such as FEC. Using FEC as the TST criterion was predicted to allow the greatest reduction in the number of anthelmintic treatments administered whilst maintaining the highest average EBW, whilst live weight and growth rate were predicted to give little to no improvement in comparison to selecting animals at random for TST. Using estimated breeding values (EBVs) for FEC as the determinant criterion for TST regimes was compared to using measured FEC (Chapter 6). The EBV for true FEC across the entire growth period, akin to perfect genomic selection, was predicted to be a better criterion than measured time-specific FEC (including a sampling error) for a TST regime. EBVs calculated using measured time-specific FEC showed little benefit compared to measured FEC. The information gained from these simulation studies increases our understanding of control strategies and their impact on host-parasite interactions under various scenarios that may not have been possible using experimental methods. It is important to remember that the aim of alternative or complimentary control strategies is to maintain the sustainability of sheep production systems, and as such the production gain of any control strategy needs to be weighed against the financial, labour and time costs involved in implementation.
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Goto, Shunji. "Regional differences in the infection of wild Japanese macaques by gastrointestinal helminth parasites." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151655.
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Martinez, Jazmin. "Associations between gastrointestinal parasites and Nidovirus infection in Western Australian Shingleback lizards (Tiliqua rugosa)." Thesis, Martinez, Jazmin (2019) Associations between gastrointestinal parasites and Nidovirus infection in Western Australian Shingleback lizards (Tiliqua rugosa). Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50686/.
Full textAbstract:
Australia’s native reptile, the Shingleback lizard (Tiliqua rugosa) is under threat from a variety of causes including a newly discovered Nidovirus(1). This flu has caused an influx of Shinglebacks into rehabilitation centres, demonstrating upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). Therefore, understanding other factors that can impact on the progression of this infection is extremely important for the conservation of the Shingleback lizard population. Such factors include the effects of co-infections, which are composed of two or more pathogens working synergistically or antagonistically against each other. Interactions seen in co-infections tend to cause enhancement of pathogenesis(3). In this study we investigated the association between gastro-intestinal (GI) parasites and the Nidovirus within the Tiliqua rugosa population.
The main aims and hypothesis of this study is to investigate if any association exists between the abundance and diversity of individual parasitic loads, with the presence/absence of the novel Tiliqua rugosa Nidovirus. This will be completed by three objectives, (i) obtaining baseline data on the prevalence of infection, (ii) confirming the proportion of animals infected by coinfections and (iii) examine any possible relationship seen in co-infected Shingleback lizards.
Samples were collected from Shingleback lizards entering Native ARC Rehabilitation Centre and Kanyana Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre. Oral swabs were taken for virology analysis which was completed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Faecal samples were collected when naturally produced and were analysed at Murdoch University laboratories, through malachite stained faecal smear(4) and zinc sulphate faecal flotation techniques(5).
There were three main findings from this study. First, prevalence of infection was relatively high, with 73 % of Shinglebacks infected with at least one species of gastro-intestinal parasite and 58.1% of Shinglebacks infected with the T. rugosa Nidovirus. Secondly, co-infections with gastro-intestinal parasites and Nidovirus were common; 48.4% of Shinglebacks carried both parasitic and viral infections, while 26% had only parasitic infections and 9% had only viral infections. Finally, evidence was found corroborating my initial hypothesis that the major clinical signs of viral infection, discharge from the eyes or nose, were enhanced in Shinglebacks which were co-infected with the virus and gastro-intestinal parasites.
This study suggests that the Nidovirus seen in the Tiliqua rugosa population is part of the multi dynamic route of disease seen in reptiles(6), in particular an emerging pattern between co infection with GI parasites suggest synergistic interaction may be a possible factor in the progression of pathogenesis in this viral infection. Therefore, possible immunological enhancement of the virus or/and the parasites may be seen within an individual host. It is not clear yet if this enhancement of infection is caused due to the immunosuppressive characteristics of the virus or due to high parasitic abundance causing immunological stress on the hosts.
This is the first comprehensive study of gastrointestinal parasitism in wild populations of Tiliqua rugosa and the first study of co-infections of gastro-intestinal parasites and Nidovirus. This paper will allow a clearer understanding of natural co-infections, synergistic and/or antagonistic relations between pathogens and the potential cause of pathogenesis.
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au, C. Palmer@murdoch edu, and Carlysle Sian Holyoake. "A National Study of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infecting Dogs and Cats in Australia." Murdoch University, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090617.152058.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the popularity of companion animal ownership in Australia, recent and comprehensive information with regard to the prevalence, epidemiology and public health significance associated with gastrointestinal parasites of pet dogs and cats in Australia is largely lacking. The primary aims of this study were to close this knowledge gap and to evaluate the veterinarians perception, awareness and knowledge of GI parasites in their locality, from a veterinary and public health stand-point. This included sourcing information with regard to commonly recommended deworming protocols. The awareness of pet owners regarding parasitic zoonoses and the degree of education provided to them by veterinarians was also determined.
A total of 1400 canine and 1063 feline faecal samples were collected from veterinary clinics and refuges from across Australia. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats was 23.9% (CI 21.7-26.1) and 18.4% (CI 16.1-20.7), respectively. Overall Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent parasite in dogs (9.3%, CI 7.8-10.8) followed by hookworm (6.7%, CI 5.4-8.0). Isospora felis was the most prevalent parasite in cats (5.6%, CI 4.2-7.0), followed by Toxocara cati (3.2%, CI 2.1-4.3).
A highly sensitive and species-specific PCR-RFLP technique was utilized to differentiate the various hookworm species which can infect dogs and cats directly from eggs in faeces. Ancylostoma ceylanicum was detected for the first time in Australia in 10.9% of the dogs found positive for hookworm. This was a significant finding in terms of the zoonotic risk associated with this parasite.
The zoonotic potential of Giardia and Cryptosporidium was investigated by genetically characterising isolates recovered from dogs and cats. All but one of the Giardia isolates successfully genotyped were host specific, indicating a low zoonotic risk. It was hypothesized that the lack of zoonotic Giardia Assemblages was a consequence of there being a low prevalence of Giardia in the human population. The Cryptosporidium recovered from dogs and cats was determined to be Cryptosporidium canis and Cryptosporidium felis respectively, a finding which supports growing evidence that Cryptosporidium in companion animals is of limited public health significance to healthy people.
Very few of the veterinarians surveyed in the study routinely discussed the zoonotic potential of pet parasites with clients. Most of the veterinarians recommended the regular prophylactic administration of anthelmintics throughout a pets life.
The low national prevalence of GI parasites reported is most likely a consequence of the widespread use of anthelmintics by pet owners. There is an over-reliance on anthelmintics by veterinarians to prevent and control parasites and their zoonotic risk. This has resulted in veterinarians becoming complacent about educating pet owners about parasites. A combination of routinely screening faecal samples for parasites, strategic anthelmintic regimes and improved pet owner education is recommended for the control of GI parasites in pet dogs and cats in Australia.
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Holyoake, Carlysle Sian. "A national study of gastrointestinal parasites infecting dogs and cats in Australia." Thesis, Holyoake, Carlysle Sian (2008) A national study of gastrointestinal parasites infecting dogs and cats in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/703/.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the popularity of companion animal ownership in Australia, recent and comprehensive information with regard to the prevalence, epidemiology and public health significance associated with gastrointestinal parasites of pet dogs and cats in Australia is largely lacking. The primary aims of this study were to close this knowledge gap and to evaluate the veterinarian’s perception, awareness and knowledge of GI parasites in their locality, from a veterinary and public health stand-point. This included sourcing information with regard to commonly recommended deworming protocols. The awareness of pet owners regarding parasitic zoonoses and the degree of education provided to them by veterinarians was also determined.
A total of 1400 canine and 1063 feline faecal samples were collected from veterinary clinics and refuges from across Australia. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats was 23.9% (CI 21.7-26.1) and 18.4% (CI 16.1-20.7), respectively. Overall Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent parasite in dogs (9.3%, CI 7.8-10.8) followed by hookworm (6.7%, CI 5.4-8.0). Isospora felis was the most prevalent parasite in cats (5.6%, CI 4.2-7.0), followed by Toxocara cati (3.2%, CI 2.1-4.3).
A highly sensitive and species-specific PCR-RFLP technique was utilized to differentiate the various hookworm species which can infect dogs and cats directly from eggs in faeces. Ancylostoma ceylanicum was detected for the first time in Australia in 10.9% of the dogs found positive for hookworm. This was a significant finding in terms of the zoonotic risk associated with this parasite.
The zoonotic potential of Giardia and Cryptosporidium was investigated by genetically characterising isolates recovered from dogs and cats. All but one of the Giardia isolates successfully genotyped were host specific, indicating a low zoonotic risk. It was hypothesized that the lack of zoonotic Giardia Assemblages was a consequence of there being a low prevalence of Giardia in the human population. The Cryptosporidium recovered from dogs and cats was determined to be Cryptosporidium canis and Cryptosporidium felis respectively, a finding which supports growing evidence that Cryptosporidium in companion animals is of limited public health significance to healthy people.
Very few of the veterinarians surveyed in the study routinely discussed the zoonotic potential of pet parasites with clients. Most of the veterinarians recommended the regular prophylactic administration of anthelmintics throughout a pet’s life.
The low national prevalence of GI parasites reported is most likely a consequence of the widespread use of anthelmintics by pet owners. There is an over-reliance on anthelmintics by veterinarians to prevent and control parasites and their zoonotic risk. This has resulted in veterinarians becoming complacent about educating pet owners about parasites. A combination of routinely screening faecal samples for parasites, strategic anthelmintic regimes and improved pet owner education is recommended for the control of GI parasites in pet dogs and cats in Australia.
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Holyoake, Carlysle Sian. "A national study of gastrointestinal parasites infecting dogs and cats in Australia." Holyoake, Carlysle Sian (2008) A national study of gastrointestinal parasites infecting dogs and cats in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/703/.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the popularity of companion animal ownership in Australia, recent and comprehensive information with regard to the prevalence, epidemiology and public health significance associated with gastrointestinal parasites of pet dogs and cats in Australia is largely lacking. The primary aims of this study were to close this knowledge gap and to evaluate the veterinarian’s perception, awareness and knowledge of GI parasites in their locality, from a veterinary and public health stand-point. This included sourcing information with regard to commonly recommended deworming protocols. The awareness of pet owners regarding parasitic zoonoses and the degree of education provided to them by veterinarians was also determined.
A total of 1400 canine and 1063 feline faecal samples were collected from veterinary clinics and refuges from across Australia. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs and cats was 23.9% (CI 21.7-26.1) and 18.4% (CI 16.1-20.7), respectively. Overall Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent parasite in dogs (9.3%, CI 7.8-10.8) followed by hookworm (6.7%, CI 5.4-8.0). Isospora felis was the most prevalent parasite in cats (5.6%, CI 4.2-7.0), followed by Toxocara cati (3.2%, CI 2.1-4.3).
A highly sensitive and species-specific PCR-RFLP technique was utilized to differentiate the various hookworm species which can infect dogs and cats directly from eggs in faeces. Ancylostoma ceylanicum was detected for the first time in Australia in 10.9% of the dogs found positive for hookworm. This was a significant finding in terms of the zoonotic risk associated with this parasite.
The zoonotic potential of Giardia and Cryptosporidium was investigated by genetically characterising isolates recovered from dogs and cats. All but one of the Giardia isolates successfully genotyped were host specific, indicating a low zoonotic risk. It was hypothesized that the lack of zoonotic Giardia Assemblages was a consequence of there being a low prevalence of Giardia in the human population. The Cryptosporidium recovered from dogs and cats was determined to be Cryptosporidium canis and Cryptosporidium felis respectively, a finding which supports growing evidence that Cryptosporidium in companion animals is of limited public health significance to healthy people.
Very few of the veterinarians surveyed in the study routinely discussed the zoonotic potential of pet parasites with clients. Most of the veterinarians recommended the regular prophylactic administration of anthelmintics throughout a pet’s life.
The low national prevalence of GI parasites reported is most likely a consequence of the widespread use of anthelmintics by pet owners. There is an over-reliance on anthelmintics by veterinarians to prevent and control parasites and their zoonotic risk. This has resulted in veterinarians becoming complacent about educating pet owners about parasites. A combination of routinely screening faecal samples for parasites, strategic anthelmintic regimes and improved pet owner education is recommended for the control of GI parasites in pet dogs and cats in Australia.
Books on the topic "Gastrointestinal parasite infection"
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Surgical pathology of the gastrointestinal system: Bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections. New York: Springer, 2009.
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W, Donachie, Griffiths E. 1940-, Stephen J, and Society for General Microbiology, eds. Bacterial infections of respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosae. Oxford, England: Published for the Society for General Microbiology by IRL Press, 1988.
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Lamps, Laura W. Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections. New York, NY: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2.
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1967-, Scott Ian, ed. Gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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Sutherland, Ian. Gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle: Biology and control. Chichester, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
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Pozio, Edoardo. Trichinellosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0068.
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Trichinellosis is caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella. These zoonotic parasites show a cosmopolitan distribution in all the continents, but Antarctica. They circulate in nature by synanthropic-domestic and sylvatic cycles. Today, eight species and four genotypes are recognized, all of which infect mammals, including humans, one species also infects birds, and two other species infect also reptiles.Parasites of the genus Trichinella are unusual among the other nematodes in that the worm undergoes a complete developmental cycle, from larva to adult to larva, in the body of a single host, which has a profound influence on the epidemiology of trichinellosis. When the cycle is complete, the muscles of the infected animal contain a reservoir of larvae, capable of long-term survival. Humans and other hosts become infected by ingesting muscle tissuescontaining viable larvae.The symptoms associated with trichinellosis vary with the severity of infection, i.e. the number of viable larvae ingested, and the time after infection. The capacity of the worm population to undergo massive multiplication in the body is a major determinant. Progression of disease follows the biological development of the parasite. Symptoms are associated first with the gastrointestinal tract, as the worms invade and establish in the small intestine, become more general as the body responds immunologically, and finally focus on the muscles as the larvae penetrate the muscle cells and develop there. Although Trichinella worms cause pathological changes directly by mechanical damage, most of the clinical features of trichinellosis are immunopathological in origin and can be related to the capacity of the parasite to induce allergic responses.The main source of human infection is raw or under-cooked meat products from pig, wild boar, bear, walrus, and horses, but meat products from other animals have been implicated. In humans, the diagnosis of infection is made by immunological tests or by direct examination of muscle biopsies using microscopy or by recovery of larvae after artificial digestion. Treatment requires both the use of anthelmintic drugs to kill the parasite itself and symptomatic treatment to minimize inflammatory responses.Both pre-slaughter prevention and post-slaughter control can be used to prevent Trichinella infections in animals. The first involves pig management control as well as continuous surveillance programmes. Meat inspection is a successful post-slaughter strategy. However, a continuous consumer education is of great importance in countries where meat inspection is not mandatory.
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Lamps, Laura W. Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections. Springer New York, 2016.
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Natarajan, Pavithra, and Nick Beeching. Protozoal infection: Gut organisms. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0316.
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Protozoa are single-celled (unicellular) eukaryotic organisms. There are many protozoa causing parasitic infection in humans. This chapter will concentrate on the three that most commonly causes gastrointestinal disease worldwide and have the biggest impact in the UK: Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba histolytica. These three infections are of great significance worldwide, but are less common in Western settings. In the UK, they tend to be seen in more commonly in travellers returning from endemic countries, migrant populations, men who have sex with men, and the immunocompromised. The clinical features of all three infections vary from asymptomatic small- or large-bowel carriage with passage of cysts to infect others, to more serious manifestations.
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Gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle : biology and control. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Gastrointestinal parasite infection"
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Nacher, Mathieu. "Gastrointestinal Nematodes and Malaria." In Immunity to Parasitic Infection, 361–74. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118393321.ch21.
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Marriner, Susan, and James Armour. "Nematode Infections of Domestic Animals: Gastrointestinal Infections." In Chemotherapy of Parasitic Diseases, 287–305. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1233-8_14.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Clostridial Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 59–67. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_10.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Mycobacterial Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 49–58. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_9.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 79–90. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_13.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Miscellaneous Viral Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 157–61. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_26.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Miscellaneous Protozoal Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 165–68. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_27.
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Lamps, Laura W. "Miscellaneous Helminthic Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 193–99. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_31.
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Lamps, Laura W. "General Approach to the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Infections." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 1–5. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_1.
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Lamps, Laura W. "General Approach to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract." In Surgical Pathology of the Gastrointestinal System: Bacterial, Fungal, Viral, and Parasitic Infections, 93–95. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0861-2_14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Gastrointestinal parasite infection"
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Awaludin, Aan, Agustinus Gede Nyoman Mariyanto, Nurkholis, Suci Wulandari, Suluh Nusantoro, Nur Muhamad, M. Adhyatma, et al. "Parasit gastrointestinal pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di Kabupaten Jember." In The 2nd National Conference of Applied Animal Science (CAAS) 2021. Politeknik Negeri Jember, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/animpro.2021.17.
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Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi parasit gastrointestinal yang menginfeksi saluran pencernaan pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel feses segar dari 50 ekor Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember. Pengambilan sampel secara acak dengan tidak membedakan jenis kelamin dan umur Domba Ekor Gemuk. Identifikasi parasit gastrointestinal dengan menggunakan uji apung (flotation methods) kemudian dilakukan pengamatan morfologi telur cacing dan oosista yang ditemukan pada sampel feses Domba Ekor Gemuk. Hasil identifikasi adalah ditemukannya parasit gastrointestinal pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember dari kelas nematoda dan protozoa. Parasit cacing kelas nematoda yang teridentifikasi adalah Strongyloides sp., Cooperia sp., Moniezia sp., Capillaria sp., dan Ostertagia sp., sedangkan protozoa yang teridentifikasi adalah Eimeria sp. Prevalensi parasit gastrointestinal didominasi oleh Strongyloides sp. (20%), Eimeria sp. (8%), Moniezia sp. (8%), Capillaria sp. (4%), Cooperia sp. (2%), dan Ostertagia sp. (2%). Kejadian infeksi murni atau infeksi tunggal (single infections) sebanyak 95% dan infeksi campuran (co-infections) sebanyak 5%.
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Kapo, Naida, Jasmin Omeragić, Faruk Tandir, Indira Mujezinović, Ahmed Smajlović, and Ermin Šaljić. "Anthelmintic Resistance in Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Ru-minants." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d9.
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Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections remain one of the most prevalent and important issue affecting ruminants worldwide. Until date, the majority of GIN control has relied on the administra-tion of chemical anthelmintic medications on a regular basis, in recent years, the problem of anthel-mintic resistance has reached new heights where it can no longer be ignored as a major issue in the control of parasites of livestock. Anthelmintics are generally used at farmers' discretion, with no restrictions to access to commercially available drugs and without any assistance from veterinarians. Thus, inadequate use of anthelmintics is not rare, animals are often treated excessively, interfering with production, accelerating selection of resistant parasites, and posing significant problems for the ruminant industry. The unusually high frequency of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in sheep and goat nematodes threatens the sustainability of small-ruminant enterprises in several parts of the world. Although resistance in horses and cattle nematodes has not yet reached the levels reported in small ruminants, data shows that resistance issues, particularly MDR worms, are rising in these hosts. Both innovative non-chemical parasite control methods and molecular tests capable of detecting resistant worms are urgently needed. Keywords: Anthelmintics; Multidrug resistance; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Ruminants; Preva-lence
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ÁVILA, Letícia Meirelles, Erica Cristina Rocha ROIER, Renata Fernandes Ferreira MORAES, Thiago Luiz Pereira MARQUES, and Jônathan David Ribas CHAGAS. "UTILIZAÇÃO DEBANANA PRATA (MUSASAPIENTUM) E BANANA OURO (MUSAACUMINATA) NO CONTROLE DE NEMATÓIDES GASTROINTESTINAIS DE BEZERROS." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.15_abstract_avila.pdf.
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Cattle, both beef and dairy, are of great importance for Brazil, as it moves a good part of the country economy. But gastrointestinal infections caused by nematodes cause significant damage to cattle due to weight loss of animals, decreased production index, increased mortality rate, and increased expenses by producers. This work aims to demonstrate the elimination of gastrointestinal nematodes through the use of the leaves of two different banana species in calves and to verify if there are differences in the effectiveness of both. For the study, 30 calves were selected, aged between 3 and 8 months, of both sexes and already fed on pasture. These were divided into three groups. Group A was treated with banana leaves of the Musa sapientum species; Group B – was treated with banana leaves of the Musa acuminata species; Group C – control group, in which no substance was found administered. The feces collection was performed at intervals of 7 days, totaling 3 collections. The samples were taken directly from the animals' rectum, stored in a plastic bag, and placed in a styrofoam container with ice, and then the material was taken to the laboratory for the eggs per gram (eggs/g)examination. It can be concluded that the use of banana leaf proved to be effective in reducing the parasitic load of intestinal nematodes in calves, proving that the use of Musa acuminata was more efficient than the result of the use of Musa sapientum when compared.