To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Gay Subculture.
Journal articles on the topic 'Gay Subculture'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Gay Subculture.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Nedbálková, Kateřina. "Gay Subculture in Brno." Czech Sociological Review 36, no. 3 (2000): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/00380288.2000.36.3.06.
Full text
2
Yip, Andrew K. T. "Gay Christians and their participation in the gay subculture." Deviant Behavior 17, no. 3 (1996): 297–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639625.1996.9968030.
Full text
3
Wignall, Liam. "The Sexual Use of a Social Networking Site: The Case of Pup Twitter." Sociological Research Online 22, no. 3 (2017): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780417724066.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines how Twitter has been adopted and used by a sexual subculture in distinct ways. Drawing on interviews with 26 gay and bisexual men based in the UK who identify as ‘pups’, it demonstrates how a kinky sexual subculture exists on a social networking site in new and innovative ways, adapting various elements of Twitter to form a unique subculture that I call ‘Pup Twitter’. Engaging with debates about social trends related to sexuality, as well as contemporary understandings of social networking sites, the study documents how this subcultural sexual community, while predating Twitter, has adopted online methods to enhance communication, engagement, and even visibility. The intersection of sexuality and social networking sites is an area ripe for further study, and this article develops empirical and conceptual ways to examine this issue in the future.
4
Bakker, Leslie J., and Angela Cavender. "Promoting Culturally Competent Care for Gay Youth." Journal of School Nursing 19, no. 2 (2003): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10598405030190020201.
Full textAbstract:
Gay youth and those questioning their sexual identity have been referred to as “hidden,” “invisible,” “stigmatized,” and “marginalized.” As a result, the unique safety and health needs of this subculture have been overlooked, or worse, ignored, placing these youth at risk. Because school nurses have been identifying at-risk populations of students and developing programs to promote youth and family health for years, they should be prepared to provide health care for the subculture of gay youth. However, nurses are saying they do not have the knowledge or skills needed to identify and address the needs of this group. Providing school nursing care for gay youth requires the school nurse to be culturally competent. School nurses need to be aware of, sensitive to, and knowledgeable about the subculture. They must also possess communication skills required to relate appropriately to this group. This article presents information and nursing strategies that will promote the safety and health of gay youth while enhancing the school nurse’s cultural competence.
5
Quidley-Rodriguez, Narciso, and Joseph P. De Santis. "A Literature Review of Health Risks in the Bear Community, a Gay Subculture." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 6 (2015): 1673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988315624507.
Full textAbstract:
Gay men’s subcultural identifications may help explain why certain groups of gay men are more at risk than other groups. One such subculture is the Bear community, a group that espouses that large-framed, hirsute men are attractive. To understand current health risks among the Bear community, a literature search was conducted using Medline, Psychinfo, CINAHL, and LGBT Life. A total of eight articles were found addressing health risks in the Bear community. There is a dearth of literature that focuses on the Bear community, but the current literature indicates that Bears are more likely to have a higher body mass index, lower self-esteem, and engage in risky sexual behaviors than other gay men. Suggestions for engaging and conducting research with the Bear community are provided. Last, clinical implications offer guidance for health care providers working with the Bear community to ensure that appropriate care is delivered to these men.
6
Wibrinda, Pradipta Michella. "RETHINKING THE ‘TRUTH’ OF IDENTITY: DISSECTING QUEERNESS AND EMO SUBCULTURE IN NETFLIX’S THE UMBRELLA ACADEMY." Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 8, no. 2 (2021): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v8i2.69691.
Full textAbstract:
Over the years, the presence of LGBTQ+ community in the media has gone through noticeable change. It is a challenge for online streaming services like Netflix to represent as many communities and subcultures as they can, because accessibility comes with more diverse audience. While many LGBTQ+ characters have been put in the spotlight, those who identify beyond binaries are still arguably underrepresented, especially the ones that belong to socially degraded subculture like emo. The Umbrella Academy is a TV show rooted in emo subculture that feature LGBTQ+ superhero characters, Klaus Hargreeves and Vanya Hargreeves, who do not fully associate with the label “gay”, “lesbian”, or “bisexual”. This study employs what Judith Butler asserts, that gender expressions and practices of desire go beyond binaries, to see how emo subculture engages queerness as rejection to rigid classification of gender identities and sexual practices, as well as a tool to oppose conservatism, especially of previous generations. The discussion reveals that contrary to the popular belief that perceives emo as the culture of straight middle-class white boys, the show perceives emo subculture through the characters’ rejection to absolute identification. The characters show rejection through clothing, behavior, mannerism, and verbal statements. The characters also show opposition to conservatism, which include traditional gender roles, traditional superhero narratives, masculine-feminine polarity, and the ‘truth’ of identity.
7
Lawson, Jamie, and Darren Langdridge. "History, culture and practice of puppy play." Sexualities 23, no. 4 (2019): 574–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460719839914.
Full textAbstract:
In this article we explore the history, culture and practice of the phenomenon known as ‘puppy play’. Puppy play is a practice in which people take on the persona of a dog (or handler), with participants often wearing specialist gear to further enhance the experience of being a puppy. We argue that puppy play is best understood sociologically as a ‘postmodern-subculture’ (Greener and Hollands, 2006). Additionally, we use Irwin's (1973) model of scene evolution to explore the socio-history of the community. Whilst this practice appears to have its historical roots within the highly sexual gay leatherman subculture, there is a division within this community between sexual and social play, with some participants eschewing the sexual entirely. We explore possible reasons for this split through an analysis using recent political theory concerning technologies of the self, sexual citizenship and BDSM. Through this analysis we contribute valuable empirical evidence to debates and discussion about the development of sexual subcultures and tensions therein concerning claims for rights and the ‘politics of respectability’ (Cruz, 2016a, 2016b).
8
Jaurand, Emmanuel. "La sexualisation des espaces publics dans la subculture gay." Géographie et cultures, no. 95 (October 1, 2015): 29–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/gc.4089.
Full text
9
Jones, James W., and Garry Wotherspoon. ""City of the Plain": History of a Gay Subculture." American Historical Review 98, no. 2 (1993): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2166955.
Full text
10
Haslop, Craig, Helene Hill, and Ruth A. Schmidt. "The gay lifestyle ‐ spaces for a subculture of consumption." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 16, no. 5 (1998): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02634509810229937.
Full text
11
Kurimay, Anita, and Judit Takács. "Emergence of the Hungarian homosexual movement in late refrigerator socialism." Sexualities 20, no. 5-6 (2016): 585–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460716665786.
Full textAbstract:
Based on archive research and interviews with activists who were affiliated with the early homosexual subculture in Budapest, this article traces the transformation of a secretive and socially invisible subculture (that was based mainly on sexual exchange between men) to the establishment of the first formal homosexual organization and the emerging homosexual movement at the end of the 1980s. The article illustrates how the emergence of HIV/AIDS worked as a catalyst in transforming the Hungarian gay subculture into a more organized homosexual movement. Rather than state-socialism being in crisis, it was a crisis of public health and perceived danger to the members of the community that instigated the creation of the first formal homosexual organization.
12
Capous-Desyllas, Moshoula, and Marina Johnson-Rhodes. "Collecting visual voices: Understanding identity, community, and the meaning of participation within gay rodeos." Sexualities 21, no. 3 (2017): 446–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460716679801.
Full textAbstract:
Rodeos have been an integral part of American cowboy culture since the 1800s, however, it wasn’t until the 1970s when gay rodeos began to form and challenge some of the assumptions about ‘cowboys,’ ‘sexuality,’ and ‘masculinity.’ The purpose of this ethnographic study was to utilize participant-driven photo-elicitation (PDPE) method to understand how individuals who participate in gay rodeos experience their identities and the meanings they attribute to their participation in this queer subculture. The diverse images shared by the participants illustrate their unique identities and the various meanings they attribute to their participation in gay rodeo. The findings from this study serve to highlight various aspects of the gay rodeo subculture and the role of gay rodeo as a site of support and solidarity for LGBTQ communities. In this study, gay rodeo emerges as a space of contestation, resistance and reification of gender norms and heterosexuality. The findings call into question tensions that exist when trying to dismantle sexual minority stereotypes while simultaneously perpetuating white hegemonic masculinity through the pervasive image of the gay cowboy. Interrogating the ways in which gay rodeo participants simultaneously reinforced and challenged hegemonic masculinity helps to understand how the idealized (hetero)sexual images of cowboys connected to symbolic power, strength and self-worth, position gay rodeo participants. This research study also reveals that participants of gay rodeo, who travel within and across the USA in order to participate in rodeo events, experiment with multiple non-heterosexual identities as they search for spaces and communities away from compulsory heterosexuality.
13
Guedes, Dilcio Dantas. "GAY BEAR SUBCULTURE: SELF-CONCEPTS, SUBJETIVE PRACTICES AND MENTAL HEALTH." Revista Psicologia, Diversidade e Saúde 7, no. 1 (2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.17267/2317-3394rpds.v7i1.1574.
Full text
14
Kam, Lucetta Y. L. "Gay and Lesbian Subculture in Urban China (review)." China Review International 18, no. 2 (2011): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2011.0032.
Full text
15
Seibt, A. C., M. W. Ross, A. Freeman, et al. "Relationship between safe sex and acculturation into the gay subculture." AIDS Care 7, sup1 (1995): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129550126876.
Full text
16
Hendershot, Heather. "Holiness Codes and Holy Homosexuals: Interpreting Gay and Lesbian Christian Subculture." Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies 15, no. 3 (2001): 151–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/02705346-15-3_45-151.
Full text
17
Tri, Nguyen Minh. "Understanding the LGBT subculture in Vietnam: Toward theories of cultural studies." International Journal of English Language Education and Literature Studies (IJEEL) 1, no. 3 (2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeel.1.3.1.
Full textAbstract:
In Vietnam, the gay, lesbian, bisexual & transgender/transexual group - abbreviated as LGBT - is a social minority group that receives little attention. However, in recent years, the LGBT community has been mentioned more and more in social media, becoming the object of a survey in several NGOs' research programs and intervention projects. But for the government, research community, and even the LGBT group in Vietnam, the LGBT community has not been recognized as a cultural entity, a piece of Vietnam culture. Is the LGBT community, in the opinion of cultural researchers in Vietnam, too sensitive, or are cultural researchers rejecting the LGBT subculture as part of Vietnam's diverse culture? In this article, we will repeat a few cultural definitions and analyses to confirm that the LGBT community is a cultural entity that needs to be studied and the LGBT subculture in Vietnam is part of Vietnamese culture. Moreover, we search and synthesize the characteristics of the LGBT subculture in Vietnam from cultural studies.
18
Jankowski, Glen S., Amy Slater, Marika Tiggemann, and Helen Fawkner. "The appearance potency of gay and straight men’s websites." Psychology of Sexualities Review 7, no. 2 (2016): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpssex.2016.7.2.48.
Full textAbstract:
Gay men’s greater body dissatisfaction, compared to straight men’s, has been explained as a result of gay men’s more ‘appearance potent’ subculture. This study aimed to critically appraise this explanation by assessing images of men and women for their physical characteristics and objectification across 8 popular gay and straight men’s dating and porn websites. 1415 images of men and 741 images of women across the website’s main pages were coded. Results showed that the gay men’s websites featured more images of men that were appearance-ideal, nude, and sexualised in comparison to the straight men’s websites. With the converse true for straight men’s websites. These results highlight the continuing need to develop and provide interventions that critique the appearance potency of popular media, particularly so for gay men.
19
Roberts, Brian. "Whatever Happened to Gay Theatre?" New Theatre Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2000): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00013695.
Full textAbstract:
With hopes for a repeal of Clause 28 poised for imminent realization or disappointment, a successful European challenge to Britain's policy on gays and lesbians in the armed forces, and an overwhelming House of Commons vote to equalize the gay ‘age of consent’, gay issues are high in the public consciousness. But to what extent are these political events being reflected in contemporary theatre? In this article, Brian Roberts considers the fluctuations in gay visibility, and asks what happened to the gay theatre that sprang to prominence in the 'eighties. He situates the best of present gay theatre work as standing in a critically defining role to mainstream theatre culture, not only through its political conscientizing of ‘queer’ and theatricality, but also in its opposition to an assimilationist gay subculture. Brian Roberts lectures in Drama and Theatre at Goldsmiths College, University of London, and is presently revising his book Artistic Bents: Gay Sensibility and Theatre for publication.
20
Mijas, Magdalena, Karolina Koziara, Andrzej Galbarczyk, and Grazyna Jasienska. "Chubby, Hairy and Fearless. Subcultural Identities and Predictors of Self-Esteem in a Sample of Polish Members of Bear Community." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (2020): 4439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124439.
Full textAbstract:
Bear subculture exists within a larger gay community, which has been recognized by public health experts as disproportionately burdened with stigma and related health adversities. Bears are distinguished by a particular body look—body hirsuteness and heavy-set physique. Previous research documented the various health risks, and the exposure to both sexual minority and weight stigma, of this population. In this study we focused on the determinants of self-esteem in Bears. We explored the significance of such predictors as: perceived sexual minority and weight stigma, age, resilience, and physique as reflected by the BMI. Our sample consisted of 60 men from the Polish Bear community (i.e., Bears, Cubs, Otters, Wolves). Linear regression models were performed for the entire sample (N = 60) and for Bear-identified men (N = 31). Perceived sexual minority stigma negatively, and resilience positively, predicted self-esteem. In the case of Bear-identified men, age, perceived exposure to weight discrimination, and BMI were also significant predictors of self-esteem. Higher BMI in the case of Bear-identified men predicted higher self-esteem. Our results suggest that although Bear-identified men are characterized by their similarities to other gay men, subcultural identities create unique social contexts that are important for health and health interventions in this population.
21
Weinberg, Thomas S. "Love Relationships and Drinking among Gay Men." Journal of Drug Issues 16, no. 4 (1986): 637–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268601600410.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses the interaction between alcohol use and love relationships among a sample of male homosexuals. Alcohol use is ubiquitous in the gay world, affecting couples as well as single men. Love relationships appear to reduce bar attendance, but do not necessarily affect alcohol consumption. Drinking may be encouraged through participation in a closed circle of coupled associates, through adoption of an “elegant” lifestyle, by involvement with an older, more sophisticated lover or with a partner who is a bartender. In addition, stresses and strains in a relationship, often the result of unclear role definitions and consequent power and equality issues, may increase drinking. Reductions in alcohol use were often the result of feeling secure in the relationship. Drinking, which is often encouraged, or at least not discouraged in the gay subculture, may lead to the dissolution of a couple.
22
Mijas, Magdalena, Karolina Koziara, Andrzej Galbarczyk, and Grazyna Jasienska. "Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Bears and Other Gay Men: A Descriptive Study from Poland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (2021): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031044.
Full textAbstract:
A risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased by multiple factors including psychosocial stress and health behaviors. Sexual minority men who identify as Bears form a subculture distinguished by characteristics associated with increased CVD risk such as elevated stress and high body weight. However, none of the previous studies comprehensively investigated CVD risk in this population. Our study compared Bears (N = 31) with other gay men (N = 105) across a wide range of CVD risk factors. Logistic regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were performed to compare both groups concerning behavioral (e.g., physical activity), medical (e.g., self-reported hypertension), and psychosocial (e.g., depressiveness) CVD risk factors. Bears were characterized by older age and higher body mass index (BMI) than the control group. We also observed higher resilience, self-esteem, as well as greater prevalence of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in Bears. None of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and, in the case of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, both age and BMI. Our study demonstrates that Bears are characterized by increased CVD risk associated predominantly with older age and higher BMI. Health promotion interventions addressed to this community should be tailored to Bears’ subcultural norms and should encourage a healthier lifestyle instead of weight loss.
23
Isaiah Green, Adam, and Perry N. Halkitis. "Crystal methamphetamine and sexual sociality in an urban gay subculture: An elective affinity." Culture, Health & Sexuality 8, no. 4 (2006): 317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050600783320.
Full text
24
Nordling, Niklas, N. Kenneth Sandnabba, Pekka Santtila, and Laurence Alison. "Differences and Similarities Between Gay and Straight Individuals Involved in the Sadomasochistic Subculture." Journal of Homosexuality 50, no. 2-3 (2006): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v50n02_03.
Full text
25
Edmonds, Shaun E., and Susan G. Zieff. "Bearing Bodies: Physical Activity, Obesity Stigma, and Sexuality in the Bear Community." Sociology of Sport Journal 32, no. 4 (2015): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2014-0166.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, individuals who do not conform to healthist body shape and weight norms are the target of an increasingly fervent moral panic about “obesity” (Gard & Wright, 2005). As a subculture within the gay male community (Wright, 1997a), the “Bear” community offers a site for examining biopolitical resistance to the pervasive body ideals (and associated fat stigma) embedded within, and perpetuated by, mainstream gay values. Utilizing in-depth interviews and participant observation, this study explores the ways in which Bears negotiate physical activity and body image within the ostensibly fat-positive Bear community. In analyzing the stories and spaces of the Bear community, I find diverse experiences that reveal a complex relationship between sexuality, body image, and engagement in physical activity.
26
Peters, Brian M. "Emo Gay Boys and Subculture: Postpunk Queer Youth and (Re)thinking Images of Masculinity." Journal of LGBT Youth 7, no. 2 (2010): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19361651003799817.
Full text
27
Henderson, Shannon D., and Stan H. Hodges. "MUSIC, SONG, AND THE CREATION OF COMMUNITY AND COMMUNITY SPIRIT BY A GAY SUBCULTURE." Sociological Spectrum 27, no. 1 (2007): 57–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02732170601001052.
Full text
28
Amaro, Romain. "Taking Chances for Love? Reflections on Love, Risk, and Harm Reduction in a Gay Slamming Subculture." Contemporary Drug Problems 43, no. 3 (2016): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091450916658295.
Full text
29
Moore, Clive. "Dame Sybil Von Thorndyke and the Queen's Birthday Balls." Queensland Review 14, no. 2 (2007): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132181660000667x.
Full textAbstract:
Dame Sybil is one of Brisbane's most famous drag personas. In 1962 Dame Sybil was one of the founders of Brisbane's annual Queen's Birthday Ball, the longest continuously running annual gay celebration in the world. The balls have become extravagant dance parties, far removed from their humble origins in a house at Mt Tamborine. Back in the 1960s and 1970s, gays and lesbians were a persecuted minority who held private house parties and preferred to stay out of sight. The groundbreaking Queen's Birthday Balls were an important part of the cultural and political ‘coming out’ of the modern queer community. It is difficult to appreciate the importance of the balls as ever more popular meeting places where Brisbane's gay and straight worlds mingled. Now the dance parties are attended by thousands of mainly young people, and rigid gender and sexual boundaries have become less obvious. The venues have changed over the years, moving through various nightclubs in Fortitude Valley and most recently to the Ekka pavilions. They are replete with great stage performances and wonderful costumes. With Dame Sybil and some of the original partygoers in attendance, the Queen's Birthay Balls remain a special marker of Brisbane's not-so-accepting past and the resilience of the city's gay subculture.
30
Aung, May, and Ou Sha. "Clothing consumption culture of a neo-tribe." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 20, no. 1 (2016): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-07-2014-0053.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – A number of postmodern consumer scholars have their attention on the consumption behaviour of neo-tribes. Changing gender roles and households’ consumption practices have also shaped new sets of cultural manifestations for the clothing consumption milieu. The purpose of this paper is to explore the clothing consumption culture of a neo-tribe, gay professionals within the subculture of gay consumers. Design/methodology/approach – An extended conceptual framework built upon Ajzen and Fishbein’s (1980) theory of “reasoned action” served as the conceptual guideline for this study. Specifically, the attitude-behaviour framework is proposed and employed to better understand the clothing consumption behaviour of a neo-tribe consisting of gay professionals. Personal in-depth interviews were conducted in a metropolitan city as well as two small towns in Canada. Findings – Stereotypical as well as non-stereotypical understandings are offered. The findings from this study portrayed the gay professions of this neo-tribe as rational and practical. Personal psychological factors, social factors and marketplace factors relevant to a neo-tribe of gay professionals are documented and deeper insights are presented. Research limitations/implications – Findings challenge the existing understanding of fashion manifestation for this consumers group. However, this study may be of limited scope. Future studies should further examine the clothing consumption cultural manifestations of other neo-tribes within the gay community. Practical implications – The interviewees consistently demonstrated their positive attitudes towards quality, stylish and conservative clothing. For marketers it is crucial to perceive the gay community as a non-homogeneous market segment. There is a need to understand different consumption practices within this community and to tailor marketing mix elements accordingly. Originality/value – This study has extended the understanding of the neo-tribes of gay consumers. In addition, this study offers the clothing consumption reality of a neo-tribe encompassing gay professionals. This study illuminates their rational and practical clothing consumption cultural manifestations and clothing consumption behaviour. These insights further enrich the general understandings that exist in the area of consumer research.
31
McLellan, Josie. "From Private Photography to Mass Circulation: The Queering of East German Visual Culture, 1968–1989." Central European History 48, no. 3 (2015): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938915000813.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article describes how a particular kind of queer figure moved from private photography into the mainstream of East German visual culture. It begins with a set of private photographs from the late 1960s from the collection of Heino Hilger, a regular, with his friends, at the East Berlin bar Burgfrieden. The photographs show how dressing in drag and the act of photography were important ways of constituting a gay male subculture. After the decriminalization of sex between men in 1968, the gay scene became bolder and more political in East Germany. The subversion of gender norms was central to the activism of groups such as the Homosexual Interest Group Berlin (HIB) and Gays in the Church. The visibility of the queer figure culminated in the late 1980s, when parts of the film Coming Out were filmed in Burgfrieden and when the popular monthly Das Magazin published a three-part feature on male homosexuality. What all these cultural artifacts and events had in common was not just a critique of the heterosexual norm, but also a queering of the boundaries between masculinity and femininity.
32
Fingerhut, Adam W., Letitia Anne Peplau, and Negin Ghavami. "A Dual-Identity Framework for Understanding Lesbian Experience." Psychology of Women Quarterly 29, no. 2 (2005): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00175.x.
Full textAbstract:
The diverse life experiences of contemporary lesbians are shaped by women's differing ties to two social worlds, the majority heterosexual society and the minority subculture of the lesbian or sexual-minority world. This article presents a detailed conceptual analysis of a dual-identity framework that emphasizes lesbians' simultaneous affiliations with both lesbian and mainstream/heterosexual communities. The usefulness of this approach is discussed, with emphasis on implications for understanding individual differences in exposure to gay-related stress and mental health. Results from a survey of 116 lesbians showed that scores on measures of Lesbian Identity and Mainstream Identity were not significantly correlated with each other. Both lesbian and mainstream identities were significantly related to lesbians' reported experiences of discrimination, feelings of internalized homophobia, and life satisfaction. Limitations of the dual-identity framework and suggestions for future research are considered.
33
Fathallah, Judith. "Is stage-gay queerbaiting? The politics of performative homoeroticism in emo bands." Journal of Popular Music Studies 33, no. 1 (2021): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2021.33.1.121.
Full textAbstract:
Queerbaiting is a fast-expanding topic in media and cultural studies. In 2015, this author attempted to define queerbaiting as a strategy by which writers and networks attempt to gain the patronage of queer viewers via the suggestion of queer relationships, before denying and laughing off the possibility. Joseph Brennan’s 2019 edited volume has greatly developed the concept of queerbaiting to include a range of meanings, from media industries’ pledges of allegiance to LGBT causes that are not delivered upon to courting queer viewers via paratexts that imply queer relationships that don’t exist in text. Applying the concept of queerbaiting to bands complicates these ideas, as the “truth” or “delivery” of queer representation lies not in a fictional text but the public persona of real performers. Through an examination of stage-gay, the notorious practice of queer performativity on stage by straight performers in the emo music subculture, I investigate how a restrictive notion of “truth” in discussions of queerbaiting can actually close off the very possibilities of transformation and open-ended configurations of sexuality that Alexander Doty’s formulation of queerness promised. Emo bands are the natural case study here, as emo is an offshoot of hardcore and punk that sought to complicate the hegemonic masculinities dominating those genres, both in its musical and lyric content, and the public and paratextual performativity of its artists.
34
Kim, Daehyun. "South Korean Gay Subculture and the Construction of Alternative Families in 1980-90s : Focusing on Relationship with Institutional Heterosexuality." Korean Journal of Oral History 12, no. 1 (2021): 55–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.51855/koha.2021.12.1.2.
Full text
35
Sánchez del Pulgar Legido, Rosa María. "Homosexualidad latente en el cine del siglo XX = Homosexuality hidden on Cinema of the XX century." FEMERIS: Revista Multidisciplinar de Estudios de Género 2, no. 2 (2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/femeris.2017.3760.
Full textAbstract:
Resumen. Desde el principio del siglo XX en los Estados Unidos y Europa, las personas vivían su homosexualidad a escondidas por temor a las leyes que la castigaban; el cine pues, les representa del mismo modo creando una subcultura en la que pueden ser ellos mismos.La cinematografía clásica y los años posteriores se componen de numerosos filmes cargados de representaciones homosexuales de manera oculta. Interpretados desde una lectura queer, conoceremos las mil maneras de sugerir a los gais y a las lesbianas en la gran pantalla, descubriendo así la verdadera condición sexual de muchos personajes.La modalidad latente sugiere la homosexualidad sin llegar a expresarla explícitamente. Los filmes se producían y leían en clave heterosexual, pero a lo largo de todo el largometraje hay un subtexto homosexual.Este estudio atiende a la presencia de personajes gais y lesbianas, principales o secundarios; en los que su homosexualidad es latente por imposición de la censura. A fin de lograr una reflexión crítica sobre sus características y evolución, se estudian también algunos ejemplos claves de representación semilatente y explícita.El objetivo principal es conocer las razones de la censura y responder a cómo se podía ofrecer un relato con componentes homosexuales sin que ésta se percatara. La intención es analizar el contenido de esos filmes, la evolución de los roles y los significados que se han vinculado a cada uno de ellos y encontrar las relaciones en el discurso latente.Palabras clave: homosexualidad, representación latente, cine, LGBTI, gay, lesbiana.Abstract. From the beginning of the XX century in the United States and Europe people lived their homosexuality hidden for fear of the laws that punished it. The cinema represents them in the same way by creating a subculture where homosexuals can be themselves.Classical cinematography and beyond are composed of numerous films loaded with homosexual representations hidden. Interpreted from a ‘queer’ reading we know the thousand ways of suggesting gays and lesbians on the big screen, exposing the true sexual condition of many characters. Latent homosexuality suggests mode without explicitly express it. The films were produced and read in straight key but throughout the film there is a homosexual subtext.Gay statements had to be clear enough but care enough to avoid arousing the suspicion of the censors whonsometimes omitted so many movie scenes that were lacking a logical narrative.It pays attention the presence of gays and lesbians, major or minor characters, which their latent homosexuality is imposing by censorship.The main objective is to understand the reasons of censorship and respond to how they could offer a story with homosexual components without noticing it. The intention is to analyze the content of these films, the evolution of the roles and the meanings have been linked to each of them and find relationships in the latent discourse.Keywords: homosexuality, latent representation, cinema, LGBTI, gay, lesbian.
36
Zimmerman, Richard H., and Ingrid Fordham. "Explant Orientation Affects Axillary Shoot Proliferation of Apple Cultivars in Vitro." HortScience 24, no. 2 (1989): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.2.351.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract More axillary shoots developed from subcultured shoots of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) that were placed inverted in the medium. This effect was particularly noticeable for ‘Delicious’ and strains of it, which normally proliferate poorly and begin to senesce 3 weeks after the beginning of the subculture period. Inverting the subcultured shoots reduced or eliminated the tendency to senesce early. Axillary shoots from inverted shoots rooted as easily as those from ones oriented either vertically or horizontally. Chemical names used: N–(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA), 1H-indole-3-butanoic acid (IBA), and gibberellic acid (Ga3).
37
Walker, Julia K. "Investigating Trans People’s Vulnerabilities to Intimate Partner Violence/Abuse." Partner Abuse 6, no. 1 (2015): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.6.1.107.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally recognized as “violence against women,” the research literature on intimate partner violence/abuse (IPV/A; also known as domestic violence) continually neglects to incorporate subculture populations that do not fit societal understanding of typical victim/offender roles. More than 4 decades of research has expanded our knowledge of IPV/A in Western and developing countries across race, ethnicity, religion, and socioeconomic status. However, identifying the prevalence of IPV/A across all manner of relationships has been difficult. In particular, IPV/A within the transgender population has remained practically invisible. Although frequently recognized as an appendage of lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations, trans people are often overlooked in research because of their invisibility within society. Research that does exist is rarely generalizable because of sample size and selection. Therefore, research is required to assess how trans people are affected by IPV/A, what they understand IPV/A to be, what needs are trans-specific, and what help-seeking barriers exist.An analysis of the literature pertaining to trans people regarding IPV/A and other violence, health, and public relations as well as experiences with law enforcement agencies (LEAs) and judiciary in an attempt to identify any issues that could be relevant to trans people experiencing IPV/A is presented. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
38
Zheng, Tiantian. "Gay and Lesbian Subculture in Urban China Loretta Wing Wah Ho London and New York: Routledge, 2009xiii + 180 pp. $130.00 ISBN: 978-0-415-55022-2." China Quarterly 201 (March 2010): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741010000147.
Full text
39
Siverskog, Anna, and Janne Bromseth. "Subcultural Spaces: LGBTQ Aging in a Swedish Context." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 88, no. 4 (2019): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091415019836923.
Full textAbstract:
This study takes its starting point in the Swedish context to explore experiences of community among older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) adults. Using life story interviews with 33 self-identified LGBTQ older adults between the ages of 59 to 94 years, our aim is to explore meanings of community, belonging, and subcultural spaces at different times and in different ages. How are narratives of finding, entering, and creating subcultural spaces described, and how does time and geographical context play into these experiences in particular? What is it like to age within these communities and to enter these queer spaces later in life? This analysis illustrates how old age can be a disadvantage for entering or participating in queer subcultures, especially when it comes to dating, but the results also point to how old age can be something adding to one’s social capital within these subcultures. Further, results suggest that it is important to take social, cultural, and economic resources into account when analyzing community and relationships among older LGBTQ people.
40
Riadil, Ikrar Genidal. "LGBTQ+ EXISTENCE IN INDONESIA: INVESTIGATING INDONESIAN YOUTH’S PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS THE LGBTQ+ COMMUNITY." Berumpun: International Journal of Social, Politics, and Humanities 3, no. 2 (2020): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/berumpun.v3i2.30.
Full textAbstract:
The presence of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer communities is a mandatory requirement. Even though the LGBTQ+ community is a group of people concerned about religious belief, Indonesians even now regard LGBTQ+ as transgression and sin. Those who do not consequently approve of same-sex marriage. Interestingly, this perception has been disputed because, in reality, others may have started to be open-minded and fully accept the prevalence of LGBTQ+ people in LGBTQ+ communities. This study used qualitative research to investigate the perspective of Indonesian younger generations towards the LGBTQ+ community in Indonesia. The researcher used the questionnaire as an instrument for data collection with ten questions required to fulfilled by Indonesian youth to investigate their perspectives. The study's data is collected from Indonesian participants, with a total of was eighty-three Indonesian youths between the ages of 15-26 in all around Indonesia. Since the issue of the study is quite sensitive in Indonesia, there are sure of positive and negative perspectives that are also apparent in the result of questionnaires. In a nutshell, the study's aim will further help the authorities take precautions to be incorporated in the future. Also, it is to investigate the Indonesian youths from a different background of beliefs and perspectives toward the LGBTQ+ community. The implication of this research informed young people of the LGBTQ+ subculture to Indonesian parents and teachers as those responsible for educating young kids so that they would not be adversely affected by this social phenomenon.
41
Lima, Wallas Jefferson de, and Luiz Mott. "Lugares de prazer e subcultura gay na documentação inquisitorial: Lisboa, 1556-1695." História Unisinos 26, no. 3 (2022): 448–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/hist.2022.263.05.
Full textAbstract:
Este artigo analisa alguns aspectos da subcultura gay na cidade de Lisboa entre os anos de 1556 e 1695. Evidencia-se uma contínua preocupação dos inquisidores com o modo de vida dos chamados “sodomitas”, ou seja, seus espaços de encontro, costumes, hábitos, práticas e comportamentos. Embasado em análise microssociológica e fundamentado em documentação do período, sobretudo nas denúncias dos Cadernos do Nefando e dos Cadernos do Promotor, além das confissões dos processos da Inquisição, o artigo examina a evolução do fenômeno subcultural desse grupo na região ibérica durante o Antigo Regime.
42
Amico, Stephen. "‘I Want Muscles’: house music, homosexuality and masculine signification." Popular Music 20, no. 3 (2001): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143001001556.
Full textAbstract:
The examination of ‘subcultures’ and their concomitant musical practices has produced a large and varied body of work, a recent (and notable) portion of which has been concerned with what might be referred to generally as ‘dance music’ scenes (Thornton 1996; Reynolds 1998; Fikentscher 2000). Concurrent with this focus (and sometimes enmeshed with it) has been a burgeoning interest in gender/sexuality and music (Ortega 1994; Whiteley 1997, 2000; Barkin and Hamessly 1999). While recent reassessments of ‘subcultural’ formations situated within the postmodern era have suggested inherent complexities, contradictions and a fluidity of self-definition (Lipsitz 1994; Manuel 1995; Young and Craig 1997; Bennett 1999), thus problematising a strict conflation of ‘subcultural’ with ‘subversive’ (or ‘refusal’; cf. Hebdige 1979), this second term often appears as a de facto correlate when discussing ‘subcultures’ defined by homosexuality. This may be due, in part, either to the unfortunate collapsing of the terms ‘queer’, ‘gay’ and ‘homosexual’ – the first of which, despite its rather protean status, may indeed count ‘subversiveness’ as a sedimented component of its meaning – into one, undifferentiated pool of generic descriptives, and/or to the role of the researcher (the ethnographer, for example) in constructing the ‘object of study’ as somehow ‘other’ (Fabian 1983; Abu-Lughod 1991).
43
Marcotrigiano, Michael, and Susan P. McGlew. "A TWO-STAGE MICROPROPAGATION SYSTEM FOR CRANBERRIES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1150e—1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1150e.
Full textAbstract:
In an effort to accelerate breeding programs and to study somaclonal variation, a micropropagation system was devised for cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon). Using a factorial design, explants taken from greenhouse grown plants were placed on Anderson's medium containing different concentrations of 2ip' GA3, and IBA, with 4 cultivars tested over 3 subcultures. In other experiments, explant source, macro and micro salt formulations, and rooting treatments, were studied. Optimal multiplication and shoot quality occurred when single node explants taken from greenhouse grown plants were placed on Anderson's media containing 150 uM 2iP, 1.0 uM IBA and no GA3. Histological examinations indicate that initial response is axillary bud proliferation but upon subculture adventitious shoot formation may be possible. Proliferated shoots could be rooted ex vitro in plug trays under plastic tents and without hormone treatments. Optimal rooting occurred under high light conditions in a 1:1 (v:v) peat:sand mix. Plants were easily transplanted into the field in spring and will be evaluated by comparison to conventionally propagated material.
44
Zurinsky, Cynthia, Michael E. Kane, and Nancy Philman. "042 EFFECTS OF VESSEL TYPE AND SUBCULTURE DURATION ON IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION OF PONTEDERIA CORDATA L." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 433g—434. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.433g.
Full textAbstract:
Studies were completed to optimize Stage II production efficiency of Pontederia cordata, a native wetland plant. Basal shoot tips from established cultures were subcultured into 60 ml glass culture tubes, 155 ml glass baby food jars, 350 ml GA7 polypropylene vessels or 500 ml clear polypropylene tissue culture containers containing full strength Linsmaier and Skoog mineral salts and organics supplemented with 3.0% sucrose, 2.0 mg/liter benzyladenine, 1.0 mg/liter indole-3-acetic acid, 50 mg/liter citric and ascorbic acids solidified with 8 g/liter TC® agar. Shoot tip to medium volume (ml) ratio was maintained 1:10 in each culture vessel. Vessel type had no significant effect on either shoot quality or multiplication rate (9.5 shoots/shoot tip/28 days). A maximum production efficiency of 1216 shoots/ft2/28 days was achieved using GA7 vessels. Stage II shoot multiplication rate significantly decreased when the interval between subculture exceeded 28 days.
45
Бодров, О. В., and А. В. Закиров. "The Journey of "Furthur" in the Summer of 1964 and its Significance in the Changing Subcultures of the USA." Диалог со временем, no. 77(77) (November 29, 2021): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2021.77.77.019.
Full textAbstract:
В 1960-е гг. в США шел процесс становления контркультуры, которую связывают с психоделической революцией, нонконформизмом, разрывом поколений, антивоенным движением, социальными экспериментами. Именно в этот период происходит процесс преобразования бит-поколения 1950-х гг. в субкультуру хиппи 1960-х гг. Одним из показательных событий этого процесса стал факт присоединения битника Нила Кэссиди к коммуне «Весёлые Проказники» во главе с писателем Кеном Кизи. Путешествие «Далше» летом 1964 г. стало катализатором в этой смене субкультур. In the 1960s, a counterculture was being formed in the United States, which was associated with the psychedelic revolution, nonconformism, the generation gap, the anti-war movement, and social experiments. It was during this period that the process of transforming the beat generation of the 1950s into a hippie subculture of the 1960s took place. One of the significant events of this process was the fact that beatnik Neil Cassidy joined the commune «Merry Pranksters» led by writer Ken Kesey. The «Further» trip in the summer of 1964 was a catalyst in this change of subcultures.
46
Bajwa, Aman. "Malevolent Creativity & the Metaverse." Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare 5, no. 2 (2022): 32–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/jicw.v5i2.5038.
Full textAbstract:
The innovation of the Metaverse heralds a new milestone in the Information Age as investors move forward with the plan to bring the metaverse to fruition. The metaverse will offer a heightened experience in terms of interactivity, economics, and platform, while paving the way for greater immersion through virtual reality and augmented reality technologies. It is likely that as the metaverse develops, gaming will offer a unique social experience through its features such as virtual worlds. Based on this, it is important for policymakers to look at extremist subcultures that will operate in the metaverse through these virtual features. Due to the role played by fringe subcultures in facilitating the recent mass shooting event in Buffalo, this article aimed to examine the main features of the metaverse and how its immersive properties could influence the creation of future metaversal subcultures that could act as a gateway towards future mass shooting incidents. To that end, it applied the model of malevolent creativity to the extremist use of online spaces to gain insight on how such properties could aid online extremists towards mobilization. Results show that the concatenation of malevolent creativity, innovation, and subcultural extremism may bridge the gap between ideation of mass shootings and mobilization. Based on this, the implication of this research suggests that tech entrepreneurs for the metaverse should be mindful of the risks that disconnection from the real-world society can create for young, isolated users and aim to implement safeguards in integral areas of the metaverse seven-layer chain, such as spatial computing, discovery, and the creator economy.
47
Prestage, Garrett, Graham Brown, John De Wit, et al. "Understanding Gay Community Subcultures: Implications for HIV Prevention." AIDS and Behavior 19, no. 12 (2015): 2224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1027-9.
Full text
48
Vujović, Tatjana, Darko Jevremović, Tatjana Marjanović, and Ivana Glišić. "In vitro propagation and medium-term conservation of autochthonous plum cultivar 'Crvena Ranka'." Acta agriculturae Serbica 25, no. 50 (2020): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/aaser2050141v.
Full textAbstract:
In vitro strategies for the propagation and conservation of indigenous species contribute to the sustainable use of plant diversity and are essential for breeding programs as well. In this study, we established an efficient protocol for the micropropagation of autochthonous plum 'Crvena Ranka' and examined the survival and regrowth capacity of in vitro shoots after 3, 6 and 9 months of cold storage (CS) at +5 oC in total darkness. Aseptic culture was established on the Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2 mg l-1 BA, 0.5 mg l-1 IBA and 0.1 mg l-1 GA3 (leaf rosette initiation being 68.8%). During in vitro propagation on the medium of constant hormonal composition, a significant increase in the multiplication index was observed in the third subculture, whereupon it was mainly stable until the fifth subculture. The effect of BA concentration and/or type of auxins (IBA or NAA) on multiplication parameters, as well as on fresh and dry weights of shoots was evaluated. BA at 1 mg l-1 in combination with NAA significantly increased shoot multiplication parameters. The effect of auxins on rooting parameters was monitored as well. Shoots cultured on the medium supplemented with NAA also displayed higher rooting ability (60%), in comparison with those grown on the medium containing IBA at the same concentration (20%). In vitro shoots can be conserved over the medium term under CS conditions up to six months. High survival was achieved after three (94%) and six months (82.5%), while severe signs of necrosis (100%) were noticed after nine months of conservation. Shoots subcultured under standard growth conditions after CS promptly regained their morphology although their capacity for multiplication and rooting was slightly lower than that of non-cold-stored shoots.
49
Lisiecki, Mirosław Jan. "HOMOSEKSUALIZM W ASPEKCIE WYBRANYCH TEORII KRYMINOLOGICZNO-SOCJOLOGICZNYCH." PRZEGLĄD POLICYJNY 1, no. 121 (2016): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5678.
Full textAbstract:
Artykuł przedstawia problematykę homoseksualizmu na tle wybranych teorii kryminologiczno-socjologicznych. W pierwszej części ukazano funkcjonowanie mniejszości seksualnych na tle teorii zachowań dewiacyjnych. Realizacja popędu homoseksualnego może czasami naruszać zarówno przyjęte normy moralne, jak i prawne w danej społeczności. Są to tzw. zachowania dewiacyjne uznane za szkodliwe w aspekcie moralnym i obyczajowym. W ocenie opinii społecznej kultury dominującej takim zachowaniem może być właśnie homoseksualizm. Fenomenologię i etiologię tego rodzaju zachowań próbują zgłębić i wyjaśnić różne teorie socjologiczno-kryminologiczne, m.in. teoria naznaczenia społecznego. U homoseksualistów poddanych procesowi stygmatyzacji może wytworzyć się negatywny obraz samego siebie (ang. negative self-image), mający duży wpływ na ich przyszłe aspołeczne zachowanie. Źródłem dewiacji mogą być więc determinanty sytuacyjne lub kulturowe oraz dążenie do ukształtowania własnej tożsamości i stres psychiczny, ale również uleganie normom subkultury uważanej za dewiacyjną. W drugiej części scharakteryzowano homoseksualizm w aspekcie tzw. dewiacji pozytywnej, czyli aprobowanej przez grupę społeczną, której teoria naznaczenia społecznego nie określa. W kategoriach dewiacji pozytywnej można rozpatrywać obecną działalność organizacji gejowskich w Polsce stawiających sobie m.in. za cel szerzenie tolerancji wobec mniejszości seksualnych, kreowanie pozytywnego wizerunku geja i lesbijki w społeczeństwie oraz konsolidację środowiska homoseksualnego, a także prowadzenie w szerokim zakresie działalności prewencyjnej, informacyjnej i populizatorskiej. Cechą dewiacji Keywords: homosexuality, criminology, sociology, deviation, subculture, the dominant culture, the confl ict of cultures Summary: The article presents the problematic aspects of the homosexuality arising in connection with chosen criminological and sociological theories. In the fi rst part one showed the functioning of sexual minorities against the background of the theory of deviation behaviour. The realization of the homosexual urge can sometimes violate accepted moral norms as well as legal norms existing in the community. This is called deviation behaviour and is harmful in the moral aspect. The homosexuality can be perceived as such behaviour in the evaluation of the dominant social culture opinion. Some sociological and criminological theories, for example the theory of social marking, try to deepen the phenomenology and the etiology of this kind of behaviour. These homosexuals who are socially marked may form the negative self-image which has a large impact on their future social behaviour. Thus the source of the deviation can be situational or cultural determinants as well as the aspiration to form their own identity and the psychical stress but also the compliance to standards of the subculture considered that is deviation. In the second part one characterized the homosexuality in the aspect so-called the positive deviation that is approved by the social group whose theory of social marking does not determine. The present activity of gay organizations in Poland which purpose is the propagation of the tolerance towards sexual minorities, creating of the positive image of gays and lesbians in the society and the unifi cation of homosexuals and also conducting the preventive and informational activities, may be considered as positive deviation. However, the unselfi sh character of the mo- Nr 1(121) Homoseksualizm w aspekcie wybranych teorii… 105 pozytywnej powinien być jednak nieegoistyczny charakter motywacji działań nonkonformistycznych wykraczających poza granice tolerancji lub obojętności społecznej oraz dążenie do prospołecznie ukierunkowanego przezwyciężenia sytuacji anomii społecznej. W przeciwieństwie do konformizmu nonkonformizm nie cieszy się popularnością w sytuacji tego rodzaju zachowań. Obecnie homoseksualizm jest traktowany jako normalna orientacja płciowa w tzw. kulturze zachodniej i nie jest uznawany za dewiację społeczną. Wiele środowisk traktuje jednak homoseksualizm jako aberrację z biologicznego punktu widzenia. Trzecia część artykułu omawia problem funkcjonowania mniejszości seksualnej na tle teorii konfl iktu kultur. Społeczeństwo stanowi konglomerat różnych kultur, grup i stylów życia oraz uznawanych wartości nadrzędnych, przy czym jedna z tych podkultur może być dominująca lub nie. Implikuje to traktowanie określonych zachowań jako dewiacyjnych albo nakazanych, względnie tolerowanych w zależności od rodzaju kultury i grupy społecznej. Podkultura homoseksualna domagająca się pewnych praw, a przede wszystkim równego we wszystkim traktowania zgodnie z zasadą konstytucyjną określoną w art. 32 Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, wnosi do kultury dominującej sprzeczne z nią normy zachowania, wzory i wartości, które nie są pożądane, ale mogą być tolerowane, o ile nie naruszają dóbr chronionych przez prawo. Domaganie się przez homoseksualistów akceptacji i tolerancji jest obecnie odbierane jako słuszne wobec norm konstytucyjnych, jednak bardzo kontrowersyjne wydają się żądania uznania instytucji małżeństwa i adopcji dzieci, bowiem uderza to w istniejący dotychczas porządek moralny i społeczny, co nie jest jeszcze w Polsce i w większości państw na świecie akceptowane.
50
Winge, Theresa M. "Molten Hot: Japanese Gal Subcultures and Fashions." Mechademia 4, no. 1 (2009): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mec.0.0091.
Full text