Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gays Families'

Submitted by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2016-09-08T22:37:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmedite Moreira Santos Silva.pdf: 1235543 bytes, checksum: 57146f6d39ddc33cdd43c035674c39d4 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2016-09-08T22:38:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmedite Moreira Santos Silva.pdf: 1235543 bytes, checksum: 57146f6d39ddc33cdd43c035674c39d4 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T22:38:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmedite Moreira Santos Silva.pdf: 1235543 bytes, checksum: 57146f6d39ddc33cdd43c035674c39d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27
Esta é uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e exploratória realizada em uma Universidade pública do interior do Estado da Bahia. O objetivo principal foi conhecer a visão de estudantes concluintes do Curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia sobre o relacionamento da escola com famílias homoafetivas a partir e como objetivos específicos foram definidos: Identificar as contribuições do Curso, voltadas para a prática docente na lida com famílias homoafetivas; Verificar se foram fornecidos a essas (es) discentes componentes curriculares que abordassem o tema em questão; se houve acesso a documentos produzidos sobre questões concernentes ao tema em estudo e apresentar a opinião das (os) discentes voltada para contribuição ao Curso de Licenciatura, no que se refere a subsidiar a formação para lidar com famílias homoafetivas no espaço escolar. Participaram do estudo cinco formandas(os) da mulheres e homens com idades entre 20 e 50 anos. Para tanto a coleta de dados baseou-se em entrevistas semiestruturadas, através de um roteiro, contendo na primeira parte dados referentes à caracterização da amostra e na segunda, questões baseadas nos objetivos da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados considerando a técnica de análise de conteúdo de onde emergiram categorias e subcategorias, analisadas no estudo e através das quais foi possível apresentar os seus resultados. No que se refere à visão das (os) discentes sobre a relação escola e famílias homoafetivas, destacouse nos depoimentos, a existência do preconceito velado e/ou explicito da escola bem como o despreparo das(os) professoras(es) . Encontramos também como resultado que o curso em questão pouco ou nada contribuiu para a prática profissional na lida com famílias homoafetivas na escola, pois não contemplam a discussão da questão durante a formação universitária havendo uma espécie de “negação” dessa abordagem, através da invisibilidade do tema. A superficialidade da abordagem dos documentos oficiais que tratam da questão durante o Curso foi notadamente declarada pelas (os) discentes. Nos depoimentos foram apresentadas como contribuição para que o Curso possa efetivamente contribuir para a prática profissional no que concerne ao preparo para lidar com famílias homoafetivas na escola as (os) formandas (os) reportaram- se à inclusão de componentes curriculares que contemplem a questão da homoparentalidade/ homoafetividade, destacando que a complexidade do tema exige a interface com variadas áreas do conhecimento. Ressaltamos que embora as (os) discentes participantes deste estudo tenham declarado que o Curso pouco suporte ofereceu à sua prática profissional, já são docentes, e como tal, representam uma parcela da escola, o que pode indicar mudanças efetivas nas suas posturas ao lidar com as diversidades e, em especial, no relacionamento com famílias homoparentais/homoafetivas. Assim, no entendimento que não se pode esgotar essa temática, dada a dinâmica da ciência e da sociedade em constantes mudanças, esperamos suscitar discussões e reflexões que possam contribuir para impulsionar novas pesquisas.
This research is a qualitative and exploratory, held in a public university in the state of Bahia, aiming at knowing the vision of (the) students on the school's relationship with gays families, and specific, we define: Identify contributions of the course, focused on teaching practice in dealing with gays families; Check if these were provided (s) students curriculum components that addressed the subject in question if there was access to documents produced on issues pertaining to the topic under study and present the opinion of (the) students, aimed at contributing to the Degree Course in relation to subsidize the training to deal with gays families in professional practice. Participants were five students’ graduates (the), Course of Pedagogy having as conditions for such participation, are graduates of the Bachelor of Education at 2011.1, women and men aged between 20 and 50 years. For both the data collection was based on semi-structured interviews through a script, the first part containing data on the characterization of the sample and the second, questions based on the research objectives. Data were analyzed considering the technique of content analysis, in which categories and subcategories, analyzed in the study and through which it was possible to present their results. With regard to the vision of (the) students on the relationship between school and gays families, stood out in the statements, the existence of prejudice veiled or explicit school. We also found that the course and outcome in question did not contribute to professional practice in dealing with gays families in school therefore do not address the issue during the discussion of teacher education, with a kind of "denial" of this approach by stealth theme. The superficiality of the approach of the documents dealing with the issue was markedly during declared by (the) students. In testimony presented as suggestions to help with the course in order to equip (the) students for professional practice, with regard to preparation for dealing with gays families the school (the) trainees (the) reported the inclusion of components curricular activities that address the issue of homoparenthood, highlighting the complexity of the issue and requires interfacing with different fields of knowledge. We emphasize that although (the) students participating in this study have stated that the course offered little support in their professional practice, are already teaching, and as such, represent a portion of the school, which may indicate real changes in their attitudes in dealing with the diversity and, in particular, same-sex relationships with gays families. Thus, the understanding cannot be exhausted this subject, given the dynamics of science and society in constant change, we hope to raise discussion and reflection that can help fuel further research.

Este trabajo se propone investigar, de forma exploratoria, cómo es que las familias homoparentales en Lima logran constituirse como tales a la luz de un entorno que las desconoce, de la falta de amparo legal y de las persistentes actitudes que revelan poca tolerancia frente a homosexuales. Hemos realizado entrevistas a profundidad a 9 miembros adultos de 7 familias homparentales - 6 de ellas lideradas por lesbianas y 1 lideradas por gays-.Uno de los principales resultados es que parejas homosexuales incorporan en su horizonte de realización personal a la familia a la vez que la recrean, objetando que el único fundamento del parentesco sea el biológico y proponen a la voluntad como un nuevo sustrato de la filiación, sin negar espacio a lo biológico. Ante la supresión de la división sexual del trabajo en casa, la división de las tareas del hogar y crianza se basan en preferencias personales y el diálogo como mecanismo de coordinación. Sin embargo los antiguos roles no se pierden del todo revelándose en constelaciones familiares en las que hay un agente externo –el padre biológico- que se involucra en la crianza, pero también en la actualización de estilos de crianza diferenciados según sean las familias lideradas por lesbianas o gays. Del lado institucional se observa que familias y centros de salud y la escuela funcionan bajo supuestos diferentes en lo vinculado a familia, debiendo tenderse puentes para lograr comunicación.
This thesis tries to show, in an exploratory way, how homoparental families in Lima manage to be constituted in an environment that does not acknowledge them, in the absence of legal protection and exposed to attitudes that reveal little tolerance towards homosexuals .We conducted in-depth interviews with 9 adult members of 7 homoparental families, 6 of them headed by lesbians and 1 headed by gay men. One of the main results is that homosexual couples incorporate the constitution of a family in their personal life planning and at the same time they recreate it, objecting biology as the only foundation of kinship.With the elimination of the sexual division of work at home, the arrangement of housework and parenting is based on personal preferences and dialogue. However, ancient roles are not entirely abandoned in family constellations when an external agent – the biological father – gets involved in child-rearing, as well as in the updating of different styles of raising children depending if the family is headed by lesbians or gay men. On the institutional level it is observed that families operate under different codes than health centers and schools in issues related to the family, and bridges should be established to achieve communication.
Tesis

Research on the experiences of children raised in gay/lesbian parent families (GPLFs) has shown that the children often feel exposed and/or threatened by the societal heteronormativity they are faced with (Lubbe, 2007; Lubbe & Kruger, 2012). It has also been found that GPLFs often have to work hard and diligently to create a comfortable familiarity, or sense of belonging, within the society in which they live in (Breshears, 2011). Nevertheless, these findings do not disprove GPLFs assertions that they are happy and are functioning effectively in society. Many psychological and sociological family studies have either ignored the family s bonding with society or dealt with it only in general terms (Cigoli & Scabini, 2006), while there is also scant literature in this regard relating to modern-day society, especially to South African populations and GLPFs specifically. The aim of this study was to explore the protective factors that facilitate resilience in South African GPLFs living in a predominantly heteronormative society. On the assumption that GPLFs experience challenges relating to living in a heteronormative society, the objective was to understand how (and if) the families interactions with society influence each other reciprocally. This study was embedded in a qualitative research approach and was guided by an intrinsic case study design. Accordingly, the lives of ten families were explored, using unstructured interviews, electronic interviews, visuals and other supportive data. In order to construct a resilience framework that highlights the factors that promote resilience in GLPFs, thematic content analysis and a thematic infusion process were conducted against a background of bio-ecological systems theory. The results indicate that there are both risk and protective factors on the micro-, meso-, exo-, and macro-systemic levels. Subsequently, a resilience wheel was drafted using the protective factors as a framework against which resilience in South African GLPFs can be interpreted and understood. The following protective factors were identified as promoting resilience: ? Micro level. Participants reflected a strong sense of self-determination in their personal ok-ness and intentional out-ness. They built resilience through avoidance, disclosure and personal beliefs. Meso level. Participants reflected a strong sense of family coherence, which was seen in the relationship among the family members and the subsequent family identity. They built resilience through open and honest communication styles, as well as preparational, recreational and bonding rituals. ? Exo level. Participants reflected a strong sense of belonging which was seen in the complexity of their social identity. They built resilience through their relationships with health care services and the school, their occupational profile and the support of extended family members. ? Macro level. Participants reflected a strong awareness of society s limited exposure to GLPFs and therefore experienced a constant awareness of difference. However, they were also aware that they were being supported by the Constitution in developing resilience, because if it were not for their difference , GLPFs would not have had protective laws in place to guide their negotiations with society in a non-discriminatory manner. ? Chrono level. Participants reflected the hope that unbiased treatment would be available to them in the future, accordingly, building resilience on their belief in social justice. Such social justice would be reflected the transformation of a heteronormative-family discourse in society to one that accommodates diversity in family structure. In summary, this study sheds light on GLPFs by expanding knowledge on the issue of their resilience, taking into account the broader political and social issues. The knowledge generated by this study can further be applied to contexts in which studies are conducted on diverse and minority family forms in society.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Educational Psychology
PhD

Despite recent advancements in legislation and policies regarding gay and lesbian Americans, negative attitudes and perceptions toward this population still exist. Anecdotal information from social work classroom interactions suggests that biases against gays and lesbian families may exist among those being trained as helping professionals. This study examined social work student comfort with gay and lesbian families. The researcher used an exploratory-descriptive research design, with a sample of 85 Bachelors level social work students (BSW) and Masters level social work students (MSW) who completed the 52 item online questionnaire related to gay and lesbian parenting. The findings from the research suggest the presence of a statistically significant relationship between students' attitudes towards gays and lesbians and students' comfort level with same sex parents. The researcher discusses the significance of the study and the implications for social work practice and education.
B.S.W.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Social Work

This thesis aims to look at the topic of gay male parenting in Greece by focusing on how heteronormativity is forming the norms and the stereotypes that may affect gay men’s decisions and lives. By invoking a queer theory framework and through semistructured interviews with male gay couples, this study is engaging on their experiences and their opinions and attempts to produce new knowledge let their voices be heard. By using the lived experience of the participants, this study provides an inside perspective and combines theoretical knowledge with real-life issues and situations. Drawing on the concept of queer kinship and Kate Weston’s families of choice”, I am questioning the feasibility of this new family formation in Greece.

The aim of this Ph.D. thesis is to contribute to a critical understanding of lesbian and gay parented families in relation to their travel motivations and destination choice. While these families have gained increased visibility particularly in Western societies, they are still largely neglected in tourism research. Thus, this thesis helps fill a three-fold gap in academic scholarship. Firstly, it adds to knowledge about gay and lesbian tourism, thereby challenging the heteronormativity that dominates tourism research. Secondly, it helps fill the lacuna about family travel as tourism studies mainly emphasise individual choices and largely neglect the perspectives of the family as a decision-making unit. Thirdly, it helps complete the gap in tourism research about families whose configurations do not fit the heteronormative model, namely, the ‘mother-father-children’ trinomial. In line with the interpretivist paradigm and phenomenological strategy adopted, qualitative interviews were utilised as the data collection method. Twenty-two interviews were held, involving sixteen mothers, thirteen fathers and six children. Findings reveal the multiple significances of holidays for these families. Family tourism is prompted by a search for escape, familiarity and novelty while forging and enhancing multiple levels of connections and reconnections. Holidays are also opportunities to construct and strengthen family identity, with the rituals and memories they create helping preserve the past and guarantee the future of the family unit. While holiday decisions prioritise children’s needs, they are jointly made between partners. Moreover, on family holidays, gay and lesbian parents minimise the role of sexuality, which is ‘left to the background’ of other identities; yet, sexuality impacts on destination avoidance. Sexuality-related shame can further cause lesbigay parents to shun social interaction on holiday and/or avoid gay-centred destinations due to a concern of exposing children to demonstrations of ‘gayness.’ This thesis offers several unique contributions to knowledge. It demonstrates same-sex parented families are, with regard to their holiday motivations and choices, more similar than different from the ‘traditional’ heteronormative family studied in the past. This contributes to extending the understanding of the family in tourism research. In addition, it reveals how gay and lesbian parents’ somewhat paradoxical relationship with their sexualities informs their families’ travel choices. In doing so, this thesis adds to knowledge about the influence of pride/shame in tourism studies. It also highlights these families’ desire to blend in and reinforce their ‘averageness’ rather than difference in relation to heteronormative families. This finding contributes to an understanding of the ‘assimilationist’ nature of same-sex parented families. Finally, further contribution to research on family tourism stems from the new and unique light this study sheds on the interplay between holidays, togetherness and family identity.

II est indéniable que la violence et te harcèlement sont des problèmes qui affectent toutes les formes de communautés homosexuelles à travers le monde. En tant qu'individus, les homosexuels ne sont toujours pas acceptés comme des citoyens à part entière. De là est né le terme « d'homophobie » qui vise toutes les attitudes négatives à l'égard des homosexuels. Nous voyons dans cette recherche qu'il y a des milliers d'années, l'Indonésie donne la permission à l'existence d'homosexuels, mais désormais l'Indonésie rejette leur existence, Cette recherche s'intéresse à la migration et le soutien familial des gays Indonésiens à Paris. Pour faire cette recherche, j'ai utilisé la méthode qualitative avec « face-en-face » interview. J'ai interviewé vingt gays Indonésiens à Paris avec leur trance d'âge entre 24 à 42 ans, sans voir une religion particulière et quel que soit le type de travail qu'ils font. Notre étude a montré que l'imagination de la ville de Paris joue un rôle important à prendre la décision d'y migrer. Paris en tant que « gay friendly city » a devenu une « attraction principale » pour eux et leur donne un rêve qui migre à Paris est une raison logique que de rester en Indonésie avec plein d'anxiété et de peur. Cette recherche donne également un analyse que bien qu'ils soient des gays et aient dû migrer hors de l'Indonésie, mais ils sont encore une relation assez étroite avec la famille en Indonésie. Néanmoins, il y a quelques gays dans cette recherche qui ne sont plus en contact avec la famille en Indonésie car leur famille ont honte d'avoir un fils qui est gay
It is undeniable that violence and harassment are problems that affect all forms of homosexual communities worldwide. As individuals, homosexuals are still not accepted as full citizens. From this research, it could be seen that there are thousands of years, Indonesia gives permission to the existence of homosexuals, but nowadays Indonesia rejects their existence. The social representation of homosexuality brought the Indonesian society to distinguish or to categorize from the point of view of "gender belief system". This research analyzes the migration and family support to Indonesian gays in Paris. To do this research, I used the qualitative method with "face-to-face" interview. I interviewed twenty Indonesian gays in Paris with their trance age from 24 to 42 years, without seeing a particular religion and regardless of the type of work they do. Our study has pointed out that the imagination of the city of Paris played an important role as a reason to migrate. Paris as "gay friendly city" has become a "main attraction" for them and gives them a dream that migrate to Paris is a logical reason rather than stay in Indonesia with full of anxiety and fear. This research also shows an analysis that although they are gay and has had to migrate outside Indonesia; they still keep a close relationship with the family in Indonesia, particularly the nuclear family. Nevertheless, there are some gays in this research that are no longer in contact with the family in Indonesia because their families are ashamed to have a son who is gay

Recent developments in public debate, health policy, and research on nontraditional families have brought gay-parent families, especially gay fathers, into the cultural and political spotlight. Existing research and literature on LGBT families and gay fatherhood have emphasized relationship dynamics within the families but there are gaps in the literature regarding the health and well-being of these families, specifically as it relates to health insurance. Using symbolic interactionism, life course theory, and grounded theory methodology, I conducted a qualitative pilot study to investigate gay fathers\' health insurance experiences. I collected responses from 10 White, gay fathers across the United States and asked questions about access to health insurance, the process of providing insurance for their families, access and use of community resources, and unique factors of their health insurance story. This research adds to the same-sex parent knowledge based by (a) gaining an understanding of the family decisions gay fathers make around health insurance, (b) identifying obstacles and subsequent solutions to health insurance problems, (c) discussing issues of disclosure and outness in gay father families, and (d) uncovering continued gender associations with the division of labor. This study has more broad implications for theoretical concepts like intersectionality and agency, but also provides insights into policy inequalities that continue in the United States.
Master of Science

This case study elicits the process of coming out of a 6 member family-of-choice of an adult gay man in rural New Hampshire. 27.5 hours of face-to-face interviews were conducted with the family individually and collectively. Reflexivity, as a technique, was used extensively. Four themes were identified: Embracing gay identity, integrating as a family, building social networks, and social awakening. This study addresses the complexities of how multiple individuals negotiate rules and accommodate diverse viewpoints within a family system, provides insight into a family's journey of accepting their gay identity, utilizes personal narratives of family members, and reveals how the reflexive process contributes to a family's creation of new stories. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
Ph. D.

The concept of “family” has rapidly changed over the past few years. The prevalence of more and more children raised in same-gendered families has brought to mind the question of disclosure. This qualitative case study explored the disclosure practices of adolescents raised in same-gendered families in an attempt to understand how adolescents negotiate their unique family structure throughout their daily lives. The data in this study was analysed using thematic content analysis. It was found that both positive and negative experiences influence the adolescents raised in samegendered families decision to disclose and that disclosure of family structure usually takes place after careful negotiation based on the grounds of either a close relationship, common ground or a perceived urgency.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Educational Psychology
unrestricted

La thèse porte sur l'évolution des normes parentales dans des situations où celles-ci sont discutées, mises en jeu et légitimées, en particulier concernant la pluriparentalité. D'une part, je me suis penchée sur le projet légal de "parenté sociale" qui vise à reconnaître la place et les droits d'un adulte qui s'occupe de l'enfant de son conjoint avec qui il n'a pas de lien biologique. D'autre part, j'ai analysé des situations familiales dites de "coparentalité" où gay(s) et lesbienne(s) s'associent pour avoir un enfant ensemble en l'élevant séparément.

The PhD thesis deals with the evolution of parental norms in changing situations in which these norms can be discussed and modified, specifically en terms of multiparenthood. On the one hand, I have studied a new form of legal status - “social parenthood” - debated in the Belgian Parliament to recognize non-biological parenthood. On the other hand, I have analyzed gay and lesbian “coparenting”, which can be defined as a parental project involving a lesbian woman/couple and a gay man/couple brought together to have a child and raise he or she separately. In each case, I examined the ways in which individuals live and deal with familial situations that involve same-sex couples and/or more than two parents raising a child.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

I will focus on the resistance to white heteronormative depictions of the American family occurring within two contemporary films directed by gay black men—The Skinny, directed by Patrik-Ian Polk, and The Happy Sad, directed by Rodney Evans. These movies complicate understandings of black gay male relationships by humanizing the characters and providing clarity about the motivations behind the decisions these characters make. As opposed to simply associating their queerness and immorality, the directors of these films explore what brings people to the various social positions they occupy. In this way, these directors resist the tendency to pathologize either blackness or queerness (and blackness/queerness at the expense of one another). The films I use do not structure family through the heteronormative model of relationships. Of there is no sight or mention of actual biological family members. Despite these factors, the groups of people presented in these films display their love and affection for each other in ways that resist monolithic narratives about queer kinship. Additionally, I will argue that these narratives regarding black homosexuality are not attempting to fit inside the mold of the racialized patriarchal determinants of the family.

During the second half of 2015, Sweden experienced the largest inflow of asylum-seekers in its history. Almost 163,000 people sought asylum in 2015, whereof approximately 70,000 children. The influx challenged the reception system and severe child protection concerns such as disappearances and sexual exploitation of unaccompanied minors were identified. Half of the children that arrived in 2015 came with families but this group have received less attention so far. The aim of this study was to explore the child protection systems around asylum-seeking and returning children in families by identifying child protection concerns and existing gaps in the services provided to this target group. Fourteen semi-structured interviews with twenty individuals belonging to various stakeholder groups such as staff at asylum accommodations, social workers, parents and, volunteer and staff from civil society organisations were conducted in two municipalities in Skåne, Sweden. The data was analysed using thematic analysis and the results are discussed in regards to the Protective Environment Framework. The results suggest that children in migration, with families, face multiple protection concerns in Sweden. Significant gaps exist in the services provided to these children and there are large disparities between accommodation centres. Many accommodations fail to provide a child-friendly environment and gender separated sanitation facilities. Furthermore, the results point out the importance of increasing competence of child protection among actors, and to increase preventive measure directed towards the parents in order to ensure a protective and safe environment for children.

Gender presentation, appearing in a way that fits social expectations of one’s gender role, represents one of the most obvious ways in which one’s gender identity becomes salient to others. This quality is especially relevant to note given the continued controversy surrounding children’s gender role development when raised by non-heterosexual parents. The current study is an examination of how gender presentation develops in adopted children with lesbian, gay, and heterosexual parents across two time points (Wave 1: N = 106, Mage = 36.07 months; Wave 2: N = 90, Mage = 8.34). Children’s gender presentation was analyzed using a novel coding scheme, consisting of several variables meant to target the presence of gender typed clothing. These elements of appearance were compared with several measures of child outcomes. It was found that children generally adhere to presentation elements of their assigned gender and there were limited differences by parental sexual orientation in any of the gender presentation variables. Additionally, there was no association found between conformity in gender presentation and children’s self-perception or parent or child gender-typical attitudes. The results of this initial study may prove to be useful in ongoing research surrounding children’s gender typicality.

Le but premier de cette thèse est d’explorer de possibles différences de perceptions et d’impressions cliniques chez les psychologues québécois envers les parents et les enfants de familles hétéroparentales et homoparentales dites planifiées, c’est-à-dire dans lesquelles les parents formaient un couple avant de planifier leur projet d’avoir des enfants. Le second but est d’explorer les facteurs liés à ces différences. Un premier article examine des sondages et les recherches portant sur l’évolution de la perception de l’homosexualité et de l’homoparentalité dans la population nord-américaine, chez des étudiants universitaires en psychologie ainsi que chez les psychologues dans les dernières décennies. Ces diverses études semblent indiquer une évolution positive de la perception de l’homosexualité et de l’homoparentalité autant dans la population que chez les psychologues. Cependant, plusieurs recherches identifient parmi les psychologues des différences de perceptions et d’impressions cliniques selon que la personne ou le couple évalué soit homosexuel ou hétérosexuel. Certaines études ont trouvé que des facteurs comme le sexe de l’évaluateur, le degré de contact avec des personnes non hétérosexuelles et la croyance quant aux origines de l’homosexualité pouvaient être liés à ces différences. Aucune recherche n’a étudié les impressions cliniques des psychologues québécois concernant les familles homoparentales et une seule a porté sur leurs perceptions de ces familles. La présente recherche vise modestement à commencer à combler cette lacune en comparant les perceptions et les impressions cliniques des psychologues québécois concernant des familles hétéroparentales et homoparentales planifiées à l’aide d’un questionnaire portant sur quatre versions d’une vignette clinique (un couple gai, lesbien ou hétérosexuel avec deux enfants adoptés et un couple hétérosexuel avec deux enfants biologiques). Le couple consulte pour des difficultés de communication, des difficultés sexuelles et d’éducation des enfants. Au total, 103 psychologues (59,2 % de femmes), membres de l’Ordre des psychologues du Québec, ont répondu au questionnaire portant sur l’une ou l’autre des quatre versions de la vignette. Le milieu de la famille des parents hétérosexuels avec enfants biologiques est jugé significativement moins sain que celui de la famille des parents gais ou lesbiens. Dans la famille des parents gais, les participants ont estimé qu’il était significativement plus probable que la fille souffre d’un trouble anxieux que le garçon. Les participants ayant évalué la famille des parents hétérosexuels avec enfants adoptés ont jugé significativement plus probable que le développement de la fille soit perturbé comparés aux participants ayant évalué la famille des parents gais. La croyance que l’homosexualité est d’origine biologique plutôt qu’un choix délibéré est significativement corrélée avec la perception qu’une famille de parents gais ou lesbiens est un milieu sain pour l’éducation des enfants. Les participants considérant l’homosexualité comme un choix à 60 % ou plus sont significativement plus âgés que ceux qui la considèrent comme étant d’origine biologique à 60 % ou plus. L’effet de désirabilité sociale pourrait expliquer le faible nombre de différences identifiées et les évaluations moins favorables des familles hétérosexuelles. La situation décrite dans la vignette et les questions sont un choix des auteurs, elles pourraient être différentes et arriver à des résultats différents. Malgré ses faiblesses méthodologiques, cette étude ouvre un champ de recherche peu exploré qui pourrait mener à améliorer les interventions auprès des familles homoparentales. Les recherches futures pourraient mieux contrôler la désirabilité sociale et explorer la perception des compétences parentales que les psychologues ont d’un couple gai qui élève une fille. Des familles ayant accédé à la parentalité par d’autres modes pourraient aussi être étudiées (familles ex-hétérosexuelles ou formées par donneur anonyme, par donneur connu ou par mère porteuse).

This thesis considers how local authority social workers go about assessing the suitability of lesbians and gay men to foster or adopt children. It also asks how far a stated lesbian or gay sexuality is problematic within this process. A constructionist approach to social enquiry is used, data being generated by interviews with social workers, as well as a case study of a lesbian couple’s adoption application. Dorothy Smith’s ‘institutional ethnography’ is also employed to examine the ‘relations of ruling’ that structure such assessments. A continuum of assessment models is proposed in order to show the dominance of ‘on merit’ approaches which prioritise child care skills over sexuality issues. The thesis demonstrates the presence of arguments about the supposed ‘risks’ to children posed by lesbians or gay men. The notion of ‘discrimination’ in assessments is analysed, as are attempts by some social workers to challenge discrimination, and it is argued that small-scale anti-discriminatory measures are inadequate. Constructions of the categories ‘lesbian’ and ‘gay’ are discussed in relation to the ‘good carer of children’, and the thesis proposes the dominance of two versions: the ‘good lesbian’ and the ‘maternal gay man’. The thesisargues that the ‘on merit: prioritisation of child care skills’ model relies upon heteronormative ideas, and the case study looks at contested meanings given to the category ‘lesbian’ which are also gendered and raced. The thesis sees ‘lesbian’ and ‘gay’ as categories of knowledge, and social work assessment as a ‘making sense’ activity in which versions of these are produced. Such everyday practices are problematised in the thesis, and discourse, (black) feminist and queer theories are used to analyse how the assessment is a site for the production of knowledges about sexuality.

This thesis contains four chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of the current situation concerning same-sex parent families in France. This involves discussions of the PACS (Pacte civil de solidarité), adoption, and marriage, as well as the societal influences that caused the massive negative response to the Taubira law. The second chapter goes into more detail concerning portrayals of homosexuality in French media throughout the years. There is a focus, however, on one of the earliest portrayals of lesbianism in French literature: The Nun by Diderot. Lastly, the third chapter involves further explanation of the history of homosexuality and same-sex parent families. This chapter explores these ideas specifically in the context of French history, as well as how conditions for same-sex parent families have changed in recent years. The fourth and final chapter presents conclusions of the research.

Il y a encore quelques années, être homosexuel, en couple et adopter un enfant relevait de l’utopie. Aujourd’hui, l’adoption par des couples homosexuels est devenue une réalité légale et une possibilité concrète dans plusieurs pays du monde.Pourtant, lorsqu’il faut placer les enfants dans des familles adoptives, l’orientation sexuelle des futurs parents demeure une question controversée qui divise l’opinion publique (Patterson, 2009). Souvent, le débat oppose « le droit de l’enfant », défendu par la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant, et « le droit à l’enfant », réclamé par les homosexuels ou sympathisants (Herbrand 2006).Entre les débats socio-politiques, les controverses de nature idéologique et éthique, ces nouvelles familles, de plus en plus nombreuses, affirment haut et fort leur droit à « sortir de l’oubli » et s’engagent dans une bataille dont l’objectif est de normaliser leur contexte familial aux yeux de la société.Malgré l’expansion de l’adoption homoparentale, l’expérience de vie de ces nouvelles familles est à peine abordée dans la littérature scientifique actuelle. En effet, même si, ces quarante dernières années, de nombreuses recherches ont été consacrées à l’homoparentalité, très peu d’études se sont focalisées sur les familles ayant choisi l’adoption comme mode de filiation, surtout dans le contexte européen.L’objectif de la présente recherche était de combler ce vide dans la littérature, en analysant les expériences de la première génération de familles adoptives homoparentales résidant en Europe. Pour ce faire, nous avons donné la parole à 31 familles adoptives homoparentales, sur un total de 62 parents adoptifs (46 gays et 16 lesbiennes) et de 44 enfants adoptés (entre 3 et 18 ans) en Belgique, France et Espagne.Ces trois pays ont été choisis pour les éléments qu’ils partagent ou qui les opposent dans le contexte socio-politique des droits des minorités sexuelles et la procédure d’adoption. La Belgique et l’Espagne sont considérées aujourd’hui comme deux des pays les plus avant-gardistes et gay- friendly en Europe et dans le monde entier. De fait, ces deux pays ont été parmi les premiers à ouvrir l’adoption aux couples de même sexe(respectivement en 2006 et 2005). En revanche, la France n’a légiféré sur cette question qu’en 2013, après des débats longs et houleux qui ont suscité de nombreuses réactions.Etudier les familles homoparentales dans ces trois pays nous a permis d’avoir accès à des situations d’adoption différentes: en effet, tous les participants belges ont adopté des enfants en bas âge via une procédure d’adoption conjointe nationale, tandis que tous les participants français et la plupart des espagnols ont adopté des enfants à l’étranger et généralement plus âgés, via une procédure où seul l’un des deux partenaires adoptait légalement l’enfant.La théorie qui a orienté notre étude est celle du cycle de vie de la famille adoptive (Brodzinsky, Smith & Brodzinsky, 1998; Brodzinsky & Pinderhughes, 2002; Hajal & Rosenberg, 1991). S’inspirant du schéma « classique » du cycle de vie (Carter & McGoldrick, 1980) cette théorie identifie des phases clef à travers lesquelles la famille adoptive transite :la phase pré-adoption, durant laquelle le couple est souvent confronté à l’infertilité et décide d’entamer un parcours adoptif ;la procédure d’adoption, souvent vécue comme un moment de stress et d’incertitude; l’arrivée de l’enfant dans la famille, suivie du processus de « parentage » de l’enfant adopté, différent en fonction de l’âge de celui-ci (préscolaire, scolaire, ou adolescent). Selon cette conception, à chaque étape du cycle de vie, la famille adoptive est confrontée à de nouveaux défis et tâches développementales, qui sont à la fois similaires et différents de ceux vécus par des familles non-adoptives.Cette recherche avait pour but d’éclairer à la fois le vécu des homoparents adoptifs et des enfants adoptés au sein de ces nouvelles familles, en analysant leurs expériences en fonction de l’étape de leur cycle de vie.En ce qui concerne les parents, nous avons analysé trois moments clefs: le processus décisionnel, le parcours d'adoption et leurs expériences en tant qu’homoparents suite à l'arrivée de l'enfant dans la famille. Plus précisément, les questions suivantes ont guidé notre recherche :quel cheminement a été celui des homoparents avant de choisir l'adoption ?Quels sont les enjeux de la transition à l’homoparentalité adoptive ?Et quels sont les défis et les tâches parentales auxquels ils sont confrontés suite à l’adoption ?Concernant les enfants, nous avons analysé leur construction identitaire à différentes étapes de leur développement. Notre attention s’est portée sur les questions suivantes :quelle est l’expérience subjective de ces enfants ?Quelles sont les spécificités de leur construction identitaire à l’intersection de la situation adoptive et homoparentale ?Quelles sont leurs questions, leurs demandes tout au long de leur développement ?Ainsi, un intérêt particulier a été consacré à la thématique de la perte des parents de naissance et à l'exploration de dynamiques familiales au tour de cette issue. Plus précisément, nous avons analysé la communication familiale concernant la « double appartenance » des enfants (famille d’origine et famille adoptive) afin de répondre aux questions de recherche suivantes :comment ces familles gèrent- elles la perte des parents d’origine ?Quels sont les sentiments des homoparents et des enfants adoptés vis-à-vis des parents de naissance? Et comment cela impacte-t-il les dynamiques familiales ?Du point de vue méthodologique, nous avons conduit des entretiens semi-structurés et soumis les homoparents et leurs enfants à un test projectif graphique (La Double Lune, Greco 1999). L’entretien visait à approfondir les expériences des participants ;le test projectif, en permettant d’accéder à une dimension «plus inconsciente », a complété les informations obtenues. Cet instrument projectif s’est révélé particulièrement utile pour l’exploration des sentiments et des dynamiques relationnelles autour de la thématique de la perte de la famille d’origine.L’originalité de la présente recherche consiste dans le fait qu’elle est pionnière dans le contexte européen ainsi que dans le domaine psychologique. Notre étude a le mérite de fournir des réponses scientifiques à une question sociale de grande actualité, en recentrant les débats sur les principaux intéressés :les homoparents et leurs enfants. Leurs récits nous ouvrent la porte à un nouvel univers familial, dont les « points de repères » et les critères sont uniques et nouveaux. Les familles adoptives homoparentales sont des avant-gardistes de la société, des petits laboratoires de nouveaux mondes possibles. Ces familles anticipent et précèdent. Par leur exemple, elles accélèrent les changements de la société, elles poussent vers le futur.Les expériences des familles rapportées dans la présente thèse nous amèneront, page après page, à déconstruire nos propres préconceptions de la famille, du couple et de la filiation et à porter de « nouveaux regards » qui permettent de saisir l’incontestable richesse dont ces nouvelles géométries familiales sont dépositaires. Leurs témoignages nous permettront de concevoir une nouvelle manière de faire famille, mais aussi de « repenser » et « réinventer » le principe de l’adoption, sur base de leur expérience inédite.
Only a few years ago, being homosexual, in a relationship, and adopting a child was a utopia. Nowadays, same-sex adoption is a legal reality and a concrete possibility in many countries in the world. However, the right of gay and lesbian people to adopt a child remains a controversial issue that strongly divides public opinion. In the debate there are often those who defend “the right of the child” (according to the International Convention on the Rights of the Child) and those, these being sexual minorities and their sympathisers, who defend “the right to a child” (Herbrand 2006). Among socio-political debates, ideological and ethical controversies, these new families, who are becoming more and more numerous, claim, loud and clear, their right to "emerge from oblivion" and engage in a "battle" of which the objective is to normalise their family context in the eyes of society.Despite the progressive diffusion of same-sex adoption, the life experiences of these new families remain practically unexplored in scientific literature. In fact, even if in the last 40 years a great deal of research was dedicated to same-sex parenting, very few studies focused on families who chose adoption as a pathway to parenthood. Especially in the European context, there is a dearth of data on this topic. In order to fill this gap in literature, the present research aimed to analyse the experiences of the first generation of gay and lesbian adoptive families living in Europe. To this end, we gave the floor to 31 adoptive same-sex families, totalling 62 adoptive parents (46 gay men and 16 lesbians) and 44 adopted children (between 3 and 18 years old) living in Belgium, France and Spain.The choice for these three countries was motivated by the fact that they have a number of elements in common but also differ at some points as to the socio-political context of the rights of sexual minorities and the adoption process.Nowadays, Belgium and Spain are considered to be two of the most avant-garde and gay friendly countries both in Europe and worldwide. These two countries were among the first to open adoption to same-sex couples (respectively in 2006 and 2005). In turn, France legislated this aspect only in 2013, after long and controversial social debates. Studying same-sex families in these three countries enabled us to have access to varied adoption situations: in fact, all Belgian participants adopted infants through a joint national adoption procedure, while all the French and most of Spanish participants adopted generally older children abroad, through an international adoption procedure in which only one of the two partners legally adopted the child.Our study was oriented by the adoptive family cycle theory (Brodzinsky et al. 1998; Brodzinsky & Pinderhughes, 2002; Hajal & Rosenberg, 1991). Inspired by the classic theory of the family life cycle (Carter & McGoldrick, 1980), this theory identifies key phases through which the adoptive family transits: the pre-adoptive phase, during which the couple is often confronted with infertility and decides to start an adoption path; the adoption process, often experienced as a period of stress and uncertainty; the arrival of the child in the family, and the successive process of parenting the adopted child which changes according to the child’s age (infancy, preschool, school, or adolescence years). According to this theory, in each stage of the life cycle adoptive families encounter new challenges and developmental tasks, which are both similar and different from those experienced by non-adoptive families.This research aimed to study the experiences of both same-sex parents and the adopted children in these new families, by taking the stage of the family life cycle in which they were into account.On the side of the same-sex parents, we analysed three key moments: the decision-making process, the adoption procedure and their daily experiences as same-sex parents after the arrival of the child in the family.More precisely, the following questions guided our research: What is the personal journey of gay and lesbian people before choosing adoption? What are the main barriers encountered during the transition to same-sex adoptive parenthood? What are the main challenges and parental tasks they face after adoption? On the side of the adopted children, we were interested in exploring their identity construction process at different stages of their development. Our attention was focused on the following research questions: What is the personal experience of these children? What are the specificities of their identity construction at the intersection of their adoptive and family minority statuses? What are their questions and their developmental issues during their growing years?In addition, special attention was paid to the theme of the loss of birth parents and to the exploration of family dynamics surrounding this issue.We particularly studied the family communication concerning the double family connection of adopted children (family of origin and adoptive family), answering the following research questions: How do these families deal with the theme of the loss of the birth family? What are the feelings of same-sex parents and their adopted children towards the birth family? How does this element impact the family dynamics?From a methodological point of view, we conducted semi-structured interviews and applied a projective graphical test (the Double Moon Test, Greco, 1999) to both same-sex parents and their children. The purpose of the interviews was to explore the participants' experiences, while the projective test enriched the information obtained through the interviews, giving access to a more "unconscious" dimension. This projective instrument in particular, proved to be very useful for the exploration of feelings and relational dynamics connected with the theme of the loss of the birth family.The originality of this research is that it is pioneering in the European context as well as in the field of psychology. Our study has the merit of providing scientific answers to a very topical social question, by refocusing debates on the main stakeholders: gay and lesbian parents and their children. Their stories lead us into a new family universe whose distinguishing features and criteria are unique and new. Same-sex families are the avant-garde of society, small laboratories of possible new worlds. These families anticipate and precede. By their example, they accelerate changes in society, they push towards the future. The experiences of the families reported in this thesis will induce us, page after page, to deconstruct our own preconceptions of family, couples and filiation and bring about "a new perspective" that allows us to grasp the undeniable wealth for which these new family geometries are custodians. Their testimonies will allow us to imagine a new way of being a family, but also to "rethink" and "reinvent" the adoption clinic, based on their unique experience.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Sexual minority youth are coming out about their same-sex attractions earlier in recent years. Such youth and their families may experience a range of potential problems and concerns, suggesting that the child welfare system may need to do more to respond to the unique needs of this population. By employing a qualitative research design, this study, using face-to-face interviews with ten child welfare workers, examined child welfare agencies' ability to adequately render services to sexual minority youth and their families.

This thesis considers how local authority social workers go about assessing the suitability of lesbians and gay men to foster or adopt children. It also asks how far a stated lesbian or gay sexuality is problematic within this process. A constructionist approach to social enquiry is used, data being generated by interviews with social workers, as well as a case study of a lesbian couple’s adoption application. Dorothy Smith’s ‘institutional ethnography’ is also employed to examine the ‘relations of ruling’ that structure such assessments (Smith, 1987). A continuum of assessment models is proposed in order to show the dominance of ‘on merit’ approaches which prioritise child care skills over sexuality issues. The thesis demonstrates the presence of arguments about the supposed ‘risks’ to children posed by lesbians or gay men. The notion of ‘discrimination’ in assessments is analysed, as are attempts by some social workers to challenge discrimination, and it is argued that small-scale anti-discriminatory measures are inadequate. Constructions of the categories ‘lesbian’ and ‘gay’ are discussed in relation to the ‘good carer of children’, and the thesis proposes the dominance of two versions: the ‘good lesbian’ and the ‘maternal gay man’. The thesis argues that the ‘on merit: prioritisation of child care skills’ model relies upon iii heteronormative ideas, and the case study looks at contested meanings given to the category ‘lesbian’ which are also gendered and raced. The thesis sees ‘lesbian’ and ‘gay’ as categories of knowledge, and social work assessment as a ‘making sense’ activity in which versions of these are produced. Such everyday practices are problematised in the thesis, and discourse, (black) feminist and queer theories are used to analyse how the assessment is a site for the production of knowledges about sexuality.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-24T11:52:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Ivone Marchi-Costa.pdf: 2123350 bytes, checksum: 06b09a530571f39153564e14ac93930d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-24T11:52:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Ivone Marchi-Costa.pdf: 2123350 bytes, checksum: 06b09a530571f39153564e14ac93930d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-08
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The homoparental family is one of the forms of family that, in postmodern society, has increased and gained more visibility. However, it still experiences prejudice, and homoparental competence to raise children and the possible compromising of their affective and sexual development are reasons for doubt and discussions. This research aimed to understand how couples who define themselves as homoaffective, that is, couples of gays and lesbians who maintain a stable relationship, experience the daily family life and the exercise of parenthood. The qualitative methodology was used, and the interpretation of the participants’ narratives was based on the hermeneutics of Ricoeur, seeking the co-construction of meaning in the dialogue with the researcher. Three couples of lesbians and three couples of gays participated in the study, totaling 12 people who defined themselves as homoaffective, in stable marital relationships and that had children. The discourses were obtained through dialogical interviews, recorded and transcribed, from which thematic analysis emerged categories and subcategories that allowed to understand that: the motivation to start a family is based on the belief that it is necessary and desirable, bringing a sense of social belonging, especially through children; the sense of family is not tied to its configuration, nor to the parents sexual orientation, but to what is lived in it; the way relationships are built; parenting is prioritized as well as the provision of the children’s needs; according to those parents, children give the family a positive meaning way showed by daily life, according to what they see in everyday life, and this valorization helps in the confrontation of social prejudice; the possibility of those parents being influences in the definition of the future sexual orientation of the children is shifted to other figures of the family, their relationships or the community; domestic activities are divided according to availability and exclude the gender criterion; parental competence is not defined by the parents gender (father or mother), however, they understand that, for society, lesbians are more apt and competent in raising children; homoconjugality was the object of prejudice coming from the families of origin, however, homoparentality minimized it; children were the sources of approximation between homoparental family and family of origin since they made possible the amplification of the kinship ties and favored the assumption of new positions/identities as grandparents, uncles and cousins. In the social environment and at school, there were some experiences of acceptance, but also of both explicit and veiled prejudices; the same was true for the judiciary. It was possible to observe that, although they do not always admit or perceive, the partners in several situations reproduce almost compulsorily the heteronormativity, which runs counter to the idea that there is something specific in the exercise of homoparentality due to the sexual orientation of the parents
A família homoparental é uma das formas de família que, na sociedade pós-moderna, tem aumentado e ganhado mais visibilidade. Porém, ainda vivencia preconceito, sendo a competência homoparental para criar os filhos e o possível comprometimento no desenvolvimento afetivo e sexual deles motivos de dúvida e discussões. Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender como casais que se autodefinem como homoafetivos, isto é, casais de gays e lésbicas que mantêm relação estável, vivenciam o cotidiano da vida familiar e o exercício da parentalidade. A metodologia qualitativa foi utilizada, e a interpretação das narrativas dos participantes baseou-se na hermenêutica de Ricoeur, buscando a coconstrução de sentido no diálogo com o pesquisador. Participaram da pesquisa três casais de lésbicas e três casais de gays, totalizando 12 pessoas que se autodefiniram como homoafetivas, mantinham relação conjugal estável e possuíam filhos (as). Os discursos foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas dialógicas, gravadas e transcritas, de cuja análise temática emergiram categorias e subcategorias que permitiram compreender que a motivação de constituir família funda-se na crença de que ela é necessária e desejável, trazendo um senso de pertencimento social, sobretudo por meio de filhos(as); o sentido de família não está atrelado à sua configuração, nem à orientação sexual dos pais, e, sim, ao que nela se vive; o modo como se constroem as relações; a parentalidade é priorizada, assim como a provisão das necessidades dos(as) filhos(as); segundo tais pais/mães, os(as) filhos(as) dão à família um significado positivo de acordo com o que constatam na vivência cotidiana, e essa valorização ajuda no enfrentamento do preconceito social; a possibilidade de esses pais/mães serem fontes influenciadoras na definição da futura orientação sexual dos(as) filhos(as) é descartada, e o suprimento da falta da figura do outro gênero é deslocada para outras figuras da família, das suas relações ou da comunidade; as atividades domésticas são divididas conforme a disponibilidade e exclui o critério de gênero; a competência parental não é definida pelo gênero dos pais (pai ou mãe), porém, entendem que, para a sociedade, as lésbicas são mais aptas e competentes na criação de filhos; a homoconjugalidade foi alvo de preconceito por parte das famílias de origem, porém, a homoparentalidade o minimizou; os(as) filhos(as) foram fontes de aproximação entre família homoparental e família de origem, na medida em que possibilitaram a ampliação dos laços de parentesco e favoreceram a assunção de novas posições/identidades como avós, tios e primos. No meio social e na escola, houve algumas experiências de acolhimento, mas também de preconceitos tanto explícitos como velados; o mesmo se deu em relação ao judiciário. Foi possível observar que, embora nem sempre admitam ou percebam, os (as) parceiros (as) em várias situações reproduzem quase compulsoriamente a heteronormatividade, o que contraria a ideia de que há algo específico no exercício da homoparentalidade devido à orientação sexual dos pais e mães

This study explored the relationship between perceived familial support to self-esteem in gay and bisexual men along a continuum of infection with the AIDS virus. Subjects were primarily obtained from two HIV/AIDS care coordination, education and social support centers. All participants completed the Coopersmith (1967) Self-Esteem Inventory, the Perceived Social Support-Family (PSS-Fa) questionnaire by Procidano and Heller (1983) and a demographic questionnaire. Two hypotheses were proposed: 1) Self-esteem will increase with strength of perceived Perceived Familial Support familial support. 2) Self-esteem will decrease as the stage of HIV infection worsens. Significant support was found for the first hypothesis. The second hypothesis was not supported; however, some reasons are postulated. The continuum of HIV infection and self-esteem as it relates to stages of death and dying are discussed. Implications and suggestions for counseling HIV-infected persons are addressed.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Este Doutorado teve como objetivo o entendimento sobre a construção da conjugalidade homossexual feminina e masculina, a partir da eleição de casais longevos, com mais de vinte anos de relacionamento. A partir de coleta de dados por meio de entrevista semidirigida com o casal, acrescida da aplicação de pranchas previamente selecionadas do teste projetivo TAT (Teste de Apercepção Temática), individualmente, sob o método clínico-qualitativo, foram analisados quatro casais, dois masculinos e dois femininos, com e sem filhos vindos de relação heterossexual anterior, sob a perspectiva da psicanálise vincular. Os resultados apontaram para casamentos românticos, com vínculos protetivos e de afeto, porém com influências pós-modernas no que diz respeito ao fato de estarem juntos somente pelo desejo, com flexibilização das performances de gênero e democratização das relações. Os quatro casais demonstraram empenho na construção e manutenção do vínculo conjugal e harmonia no convívio, ressaltando a singularidade de cada um. Esses casais concretizaram suas relações amorosas em uma época não permissiva e patologizante da homossexualidade, fazendo uso do disfarce e da vida dupla como estratégia de sobrevivência, atitude presente ainda na vida de dois dos quatro pares. Essa característica em particular pode fazer com que casais gays necessitem de maiores espaços de fusionamento do que os heterossexuais, para que possam se fortalecer ante os desconfortos sociais pelos quais passam - principalmente os que têm filhos de uniões heterossexuais anteriores. Neste caso, além da própria separação, há também o confronto com a orientação sexual do ex-parceiro. Somente um casal de homens havia se casado legalmente, por temor aos bens conquistados frente aos filhos de um deles; o de mulheres com filho também havia legitimado a relação com União Estável e testamento. Os dois casais sem filhos não haviam providenciado nenhuma legitimação e nem estavam preocupados com isso. A herança heteronormativa que receberam foi adaptada aos seus estilos de vida, embora não tenha havido um espaço familiar e social a ser ocupado a homossexualidade e a homoconjugalidade, embora vistas, são ainda muitas vezes não-nomeadas ou reconhecidas. Não houve referências a traições, sendo que os filhos foram os deflagradores de crises em dois dos casais, ambas superadas. Os resultados alcançados confirmam a teoria psicanalítica vincular no sentido de enfatizar o conceito de alteridade, entre um e outro, como base para a compreensão desse tipo de conjugalidade
This Doctoral thesis aimed to understand the construction of female and male homosexual conjugality by selecting long-lived couples, with more than twenty years of relationship. Based on data collection through semi-structured interviews with the couples and the use of previously selected cards of the projective measure TAT (Thematic Apperception Test), under the clinical-qualitative method, four couples - two male and two female, with and without children from previous heterosexual relationships - were analyzed under the perspective of linkage psychoanalysis. Results point to romantic marriages, with protective and emotional bonds, but under post-modern influence based on the fact they are together only by their desire, with flexibility of the gender performances and democratization of the relations. The four couples demonstrated a commitment to building and sustaining the conjugal bond as well as coexisting in harmony, highlighting the individuality of each one. These couples materialized their love relationships at a nonpermissive and pathologizing time for homosexuality, using disguises and double lives as a strategy for survival, an attitude still present in the lives of two out of the four couples. This characteristic, in particular, may lead a gay couple to need bigger spaces of fusioning when compared to heterosexual couples, so that they can strengthen themselves in the face of the social discomfort which they go through particularly the ones who have kids from previous heterosexual relationships. In this case, in addition to the divorce itself, there is also the confrontation related to the sexual orientation of the ex-partner. Only one couple of men had legally married due to the fear of losing the assets acquired to the children of one of them; the couple of women with a child had also legitimated their relationship through common-law marriage and testament. Both couples without children hadnt sought any type of legal legitimacy nor were worried about it. The heteronormative heritage they received was adapted to their lifestyles, although there hadnt been a family and social place to be occupied homosexuality and homo-conjugality, while seen, are often not named nor recognized. There were no references to betrayals, although, among two of the couples, the children had been the triggers of already overcome crises. The findings confirm the linkage psychoanalysis theory, which emphasizes the concept of otherness, between one and another, as a basis to comprehend this type of conjugality

Differing opinions among the disciplines involved in the diagnosis and treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have left parents navigating in a maze of divergent languages, explanations, and treatment recommendations. This quantitative research study addressed the question of whether a parent training program was an effective treatment for families of children with ADHD residing in a rural community. Although this community-based study did not demonstrate statistically significant outcome measures, it did reveal some interesting side effects. The limitations and the clinical significance of the findings of the study are examined for future research purposes. In particular, the implications for social work practice with families of children with ADHD residing in rural communities are explored from an ecological perspective.

La protection de l’enfant constitue une préoccupation majeure de notre droit, afin que le mineur ne soit pas victime d’un dommage. Cette protection est en premier lieu assurée par la famille. Il peut donc paraître surprenant que l’enfant soit victime de sa famille, ce d’autant plus que les parents doivent agir dans l’intérêt de l’enfant. La notion d’enfant victime de sa famille n’existe pas en tant que tel dans notre droit. La victime supporte souvent un dommage causé par un tiers et non par un membre de sa propre famille. L’étude des situations où l’enfant pourrait subir une atteinte à ses droits de la personnalité, en raison d’une action ou d’une omission de l’un des membres de sa famille, a toutefois permis la conceptualisation de la notion d’enfant victime de sa famille. Il a ainsi été possible de qualifier les différentes réalités rencontrées, en fonction de leurs ressemblances ou de leurs dissemblances. Cette analyse empirique a conduit à déterminer des catégories d’enfants victimes de leurs familles auxquelles correspondent un régime de protection. Elle a notamment eu pour conséquence la recherche de nouveaux instruments de protection adaptés aux spécificités des hypothèses étudiées. Ce processus de catégorisation a permis l’accès à la juridicité des réalités sociales et familiales appréhendées. Il a également été l’occasion de mettre en évidence les fondements de la notion d’enfant victime, dans le sens où le droit a consacré des situations classiques d’enfants victimes de leurs familles. L’apparition de nouvelles réalités sociales a cependant rendu nécessaire le renouvellement de la notion d’enfant victime de sa famille, afin de pallier les limites des fondements de la notion et de garantir la représentation effective de ce phénomène dans le discours juridique
The child protection represents a major cause for concern of our law, so that the minor doesn’t sustain damage. This protection is firstly performed by the family. So, it may seem surprising that the child is victim of his family, as far as parents must act in the interests of the child. The notion of child victim of his family doesn’t exist as such in our law. The victim often endures an injury caused by a third person and not by a family member. The study of situations where the child may suffer an infringement of his personality rights, due to act or omission of one of the family members, allowed conceptualization of the notion of child victim of family. It was thus possible to characterize the different realities encountered, according to their similarities or dissimilarities. This empirical analysis led to ascertain categories of child victims of their families and the corresponding legal system. It had especially as a consequence new protection instruments research, appropriate to specifics assumptions studied. This process allowed social or family realities encountered getting to legal validity. It was also an opportunity to bring out foundations of the concept of child victim of family, in so far as law has hallowed situations of child victims of their families. However, emergence of new social realities necessitated the renewal of the concept of child victim of family, in order to alleviate the limits of the foundations of the notion and to guarantee effective representation of this phenomenon in legal speech

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-06T12:54:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Augusto Teixeira Temperini.pdf: 9535719 bytes, checksum: 73b9e45837fb67e850d7538997675f43 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-06T12:54:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Augusto Teixeira Temperini.pdf: 9535719 bytes, checksum: 73b9e45837fb67e850d7538997675f43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-06
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The aim of this study is to describe and analyze contents and discourses about gay families in the Brazilian and American context in order to understand their arrangements and experiences. The theory structure was based on John Bowlby, Donald Winnicott and Elisabeth Badinter’s studies to discuss the parenthood importance in infant and child development as well as a reflection on “the myth of motherhood" and its impact on gay parenting experiences. The methodology was structured involving both quantitative and qualitative methods. Part of the data collection was carried out in Brazil and the other part the United States of America. For the treatment of quantitative data, we used statistical analysis, and for qualitative research, we used the Grounded Theory. The sample of this study was collected in three stages: (i) gathering public opinion through an online questionnaire about samesex marriage, gay families and child development; (ii) gathering the perception of gay families through a closed-interview questions and (iii) gathering the perception of gay families through an in-depth and open-ended interview. The samples of quantitative research were compounded by 1,055 Brazilians and 180 Americans. The qualitative research sample was compounded by 9 American gay families and 11 Brazilian gay families. It was observed in the American and Brazilian context that gay families, in the perception of the participants, have little social acceptance. These results camouflage the prejudice and discrimination of some of the participants who are self-entitled in favor of diversity, but who blame society for the difficulty of acceptance of those families. The (qualitative and quantitative) data crossing opened the door to understanding the dynamic functioning of gay families, which were called the Chameleon Families: adaptations, changes and challenges of gay families. It has been found that there is a functioning permeated by multiple and dynamic processes, fueled by psychological experiences, interrelated and lived by gay families, characterized by stages that require adaptations, changes and constant challenges. Those families commonly adapt and change because they want to have the right to be a family, to display love without being judged, to build their homes and to have children. They want to occupy social spaces without questions about parental capacity, about the child's mother, and the feeling that every child needs to have a woman present to guarantee their safe development. They want to claim their rights for freedom, equality and equity. They want social justice, so they do not have to invest too much in their children’s protection
Nesta tese, objetiva-se descrever e analisar conteúdos e discursos acerca da homoparentalidade masculina, em contexto brasileiro e americano, a fim de compreender as configurações, vivências e experiências dessas famílias. O arcabouço teórico foi construído à luz das teorias de John Bowlby, Donald Winnicott e Elisabeth Badinter, para discutir a importância dos cuidados e da função parental no desenvolvimento de bebês e crianças, além de trazer uma reflexão acerca do “mito do amor materno” e de seu impacto na vivência da homoparentalidade. A trama metodológica que se constituiu envolveu uma parte quantitativa e outra qualitativa. Parte da coleta dos dados foi realizada no Brasil e outra nos Estados Unidos. Para tratamento dos dados quantitativos, utilizou-se a análise estatística e para a pesquisa qualitativa utilizou-se a Grounded Theory. A amostra do estudo foi coletada em três etapas: (i) coleta da opinião pública, através de questionário online acerca do casamento homoafetivo, da família homoparental e do desenvolvimento dos filhos; (ii) coleta da percepção de famílias homoparentais através de entrevista estruturada fechada e (iii) coleta da percepção de famílias homoparentais através de entrevista aberta com profundidade. Participaram da pesquisa quantitativa 1.055 brasileiros e 180 americanos. Já na pesquisa qualitativa participaram 9 famílias homoparentais americanas e 11 famílias homoparentais brasileiras. Observou-se, através dos dados quantitativos, tanto no contexto americano, quanto no contexto brasileiro, que a família homoparental, na percepção dos participantes, apresenta baixa aceitação social. Esses resultados camuflam o preconceito e a discriminação de uma parcela dos participantes que se auto-intitulam a favor da diversidade, mas que culpabilizam a sociedade pela dificuldade de aceitação dessas famílias. O cruzamento dos dados (qualitativos e quantitativos) abriu portas para a compreensão do funcionamento dinâmico da homoparentalidade que foi denominado Famílias Camaleão: adaptações, mudanças e desafios da homoparentalidade. Descobriu-se que há um funcionamento permeado por processos múltiplos e dinâmicos, abastecidos por experiências psicológicas, inter-relacionadas e vivenciadas pelas famílias homoparentais, caracterizada por estágios e fases que requerem adaptações, mudanças e desafios constantes. Essas famílias comumente se adaptam e mudam, porque querem ter o direito de ser família, de endereçar o amor sem julgamentos, de construir seus lares e de ter filhos. Querem ocupar os espaços sociais sem os questionamentos sobre a capacidade parental, sobre a mãe da criança e sobre a necessidade de ter a presença de uma mulher para que a criança se desenvolva. Querem gozar e usufruir de direitos que garantam liberdade, igualdade e equidade. Querem uma sociedade mais justa, para não ter que investir demasiadamente na proteção de seus filhos

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:08:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000411135-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 722463 bytes, checksum: 2959c8cc588c0a67a81dcd2dbc13bdf9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
This Master Dissertation researches about the relation between couple relationship satisfaction and social support network from people who have relations with other from the same sex. The study is presented in three articles, where one is a theoretical review, one is a methodology work and the other one is empiric. The first article has the objective of making a social-historical critic about the terms and used concepts in the denomination of same-sex people relations, using the theoretical proposal of Foucault`s knowledge archaeology and Berger and Luckman’s social constructionism. From these perspectives we could discuss and realize that the changes on the terms to the denomination of the same phenomenon work as argumentative tactics that provide an alternative view of this relation understanding. However, the change in the terminology per se indicates the maintenance on the same subjective construction in regards to this phenomenon unless there is an effective change in the concept that defines the relations between same sex people. The second article has the goal of showing the steps of the construction of the PAS-IF instrument, that describes in a quantitative way the perception of social support in seven dimensions: Social Company, Emotional Support, Cognitive Guide, Social Control, Material Support, Access to New Contacts and Sexual-Affective Orientation Acceptance; from three maps: family, friends and work/school relationships. The instrument has showed itself valid in the evaluation of the Social Support Network of adult subjects, independent of their affective-sexual orientation, reaching a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0,887, which demonstrates a high level of reliability. The last article has the objective of investigating the correlation between couple satisfaction and social support perception from gays and lesbians in the family, friends and work/school environment.The sample interviewed was made of 111 people and there was a significant positive correlation between couple satisfaction and both variables social support from family and from friends. This data shows us that the support functions measured and provided by both family and friends promote the development of human human subjective construction as well as it makes space for the development of couple satisfaction. Overall, the results from this dissertation makes us realize in a better way how we use the terms and concepts to define the relationships between same-sex people, the importance of building a complex instrument, helped us to have knowledge of the idea that the family provides an important function on couple relations and made us aware of the work relations to gays and lesbians, a environment to be researched in future studies.
Esta Dissertação de Mestrado pesquisa a relação entre a qualidade do relacionamento conjugal e a rede de apoio social de pessoas que se relacionam com outras do mesmo sexo. O estudo é apresentado na forma de três artigos, sendo um artigo de revisão teórica, um de metodologia e um empírico. O primeiro artigo procura fazer uma crítica histórico-social sobre os termos e conceitos usados na nomeação das relações entre pessoas do mesmo sexo usando a arqueologia do saber de Foucault e o construcionismo social de Berger e Luckman. Pode-se constatar e discutir que as mudanças de termos para a denominação do mesmo fenômeno, funcionam como táticas argumentativas que propiciam o entendimento dessa relação a partir de óticas alternativas. Entretanto, a mudança na terminologia por si só indica a manutenção da mesma construção subjetiva a respeito do fenômeno se não existir uma mudança efetiva no conceito que define as relações entre pessoas do mesmo sexo. O segundo artigo tem como objetivo delinear os passos da construção do instrumento PAS-IF que descreve de forma quantitativa a percepção do apoio social em sete dimensões: Companhia Social, Apoio Emocional, Guia Cognitivo, Controle Social, Ajuda Material, Acesso a Novos Contatos e Aceitação da Orientação Afetivo-sexual; a partir de três mapas: família, amigos e relações de trabalho/escola. O instrumento se mostrou válido na avaliação da rede de apoio social de sujeitos adultos, independente de sua orientação afetivo-sexual, alcançando um coeficiente alpha de Cronbach de 0,887, o que demonstra um alto índice de fidedignidade.O último artigo tem o objetivo de investigar a correlação entre qualidade conjugal e percepção de apoio social na família, nos amigos e nas relações de trabalho/escola de gays e lésbicas. Foram entrevistadas 111 pessoas e houve uma correlação positiva significativa entre qualidade conjugal e ambas as variáveis apoio social da família e apoio social dos amigos. Esse dado nos mostra que as funções de apoio medidas e exercidas pela família e pelos amigos favorecem o desenvolvimento da construção da subjetividade humana, assim como abrem caminho para o desenvolvimento da qualidade conjugal. De forma geral, os resultados desta dissertação nos levam a perceber melhor a forma como usamos os termos para definir as relações entre as pessoas do mesmo sexo, a importância de construir um instrumento complexo e ajudou a perceber a idéia de que a família exerce uma função importante na conjugalidade e nos alertou para as relações de trabalho para gays e lésbicas, espaço a ser pesquisado em futuros estudos.

Young people who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) are disclosing their sexual identity--or coming out--at progressively younger ages, making it more important than ever for the general population to understand, tolerate, and accept diversity in sexual identity. This study was designed to fill the gap in the existing literature about how the coming out process affects LGB young people's families of origin. Three LGB young people participated in the study, along with a member of each of their families. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with each of the participants, as well as a conjoint interview with each of the three families. The findings of this interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) study illustrate the many ways in which a young person's coming out reverberates within the family system, offering a relational understanding of the coming out experience. The results of the study emphasize the process-oriented nature of coming out and the means by which that process is influenced by and influences family relationships and overall family dynamics. Centered on the various ways in which LGB young people prepare to disclose their sexual orientation to their families and how their family members adjust to the disclosure, the study offers a historically and culturally situated overview of the coming out experience in the family. Based on the results of the present study, the researcher offers suggestions for future studies on this subject and presents the implications of the study for LGB young people, their families, and family therapists.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:21:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 411135.pdf: 722463 bytes, checksum: 2959c8cc588c0a67a81dcd2dbc13bdf9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-22
Esta Disserta??o de Mestrado pesquisa a rela??o entre a qualidade do relacionamento conjugal e a rede de apoio social de pessoas que se relacionam com outras do mesmo sexo. O estudo ? apresentado na forma de tr?s artigos, sendo um artigo de revis?o te?rica, um de metodologia e um emp?rico. O primeiro artigo procura fazer uma cr?tica hist?rico-social sobre os termos e conceitos usados na nomea??o das rela??es entre pessoas do mesmo sexo usando a arqueologia do saber de Foucault e o construcionismo social de Berger e Luckman. Pode-se constatar e discutir que as mudan?as de termos para a denomina??o do mesmo fen?meno, funcionam como t?ticas argumentativas que propiciam o entendimento dessa rela??o a partir de ?ticas alternativas. Entretanto, a mudan?a na terminologia por si s? indica a manuten??o da mesma constru??o subjetiva a respeito do fen?meno se n?o existir uma mudan?a efetiva no conceito que define as rela??es entre pessoas do mesmo sexo. O segundo artigo tem como objetivo delinear os passos da constru??o do instrumento PAS-IF que descreve de forma quantitativa a percep??o do apoio social em sete dimens?es: Companhia Social, Apoio Emocional, Guia Cognitivo, Controle Social, Ajuda Material, Acesso a Novos Contatos e Aceita??o da Orienta??o Afetivo-sexual; a partir de tr?s mapas: fam?lia, amigos e rela??es de trabalho/escola. O instrumento se mostrou v?lido na avalia??o da rede de apoio social de sujeitos adultos, independente de sua orienta??o afetivo-sexual, alcan?ando um coeficiente alpha de Cronbach de 0,887, o que demonstra um alto ?ndice de fidedignidade. O ?ltimo artigo tem o objetivo de investigar a correla??o entre qualidade conjugal e percep??o de apoio social na fam?lia, nos amigos e nas rela??es de trabalho/escola de gays e l?sbicas. Foram entrevistadas 111 pessoas e houve uma correla??o positiva significativa entre qualidade conjugal e ambas as vari?veis apoio social da fam?lia e apoio social dos amigos. Esse dado nos mostra que as fun??es de apoio medidas e exercidas pela fam?lia e pelos amigos favorecem o desenvolvimento da constru??o da subjetividade humana, assim como abrem caminho para o desenvolvimento da qualidade conjugal. De forma geral, os resultados desta disserta??o nos levam a perceber melhor a forma como usamos os termos para definir as rela??es entre as pessoas do mesmo sexo, a import?ncia de construir um instrumento complexo e ajudou a perceber a id?ia de que a fam?lia exerce uma fun??o importante na conjugalidade e nos alertou para as rela??es de trabalho para gays e l?sbicas, espa?o a ser pesquisado em futuros estudos

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Kretly
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T00:05:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_DanielCardosode_M.pdf: 24727698 bytes, checksum: 802ba54b2fef69d2a43dfbabc8b9f7c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998
Resumo: A crescente ênfase sobre a operação portátil de computadores e sistemas de telecomunicação prioriza circuitos de baixa potência, ainda que de alta velocidade. As opções tecnológicas existentes para aplicações digitais na faixa de 100MHz até 1 GHz são as famílias ECL em silício, DCFL em arseneto de gálio (GaAs), bem como ASICs CMOS realizados em processos avançados de Si, e somente as duas últimas podem proporcionar baixos consumos de potência. Em GaAs, DCFL é a principal opção de famíliadigital de baixa potência. Neste trabalho, descreve-se o projeto full-custom de um CI divisor de freqüências de módulo variável e contador de década, realizado na família DCFL de GaAs. A topologia deste CI é inteiramente baseada na arquitetura clássica do TTL 7490, que foi escolhida por causa de sua versatilidade, e toda a sua funcionalidade lógica é mantida: o CI proposto pode operar tanto como um contador BCD quanto como um divisor de frequências por N, com N na faixa de 2 até 10. A razão da divisão, N, pode ser configurada unicamente através de conexões diretas entre pinos do CI. Por isso, o CI projetado neste trabalho será referido como o 7490-like. Suas aplicações são em síntese/divisão de frequências, contagem, instrumentação de alta frequência e na composição de circuitos digitais de alta velocidade, podendo-se usá-lo na entrada de outros blocos. ... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The increasing emphasis on the portable operation of computers and communication systems has placed a priority on low-power, yet high-speed, circuits. The existing viable technologies for digital applications in the range fTom100 l Hz up to 1 GHz are Si ECL and GaAs DCFL families, as well as high-speed CMOS ASICs implemented in advanced Si processes, and only the last two options offer low power consumption. In GaAs technology, DCFL is the main choice for a low-power digital family. In this work, a variable modulus frequency divider and decade counter IC was designed in the GaAs DCFL family. This work describes the full-custom design procedures for this IC, starting from its logic design, until the completion of the final layout version. This DCFL counter circuit topology is entirely based upon the classical TTL 7490 architecture, which was chosen because of its versatility, and all its functionality is retained: this IC can operate either as a decade (BCD) counter, or as a frequency divider by N, being N any integer in the range from 2 to 10. The frequency division modulus N can be set solely by means of direct connections between certain IC pins. Therefore, the IC designed in this work will be referred to as the 7490-like. This circuit's usual applications are: frequency synthesis or division, counting, high frequency instrumentation and as a block in the composition of high speed digital circuits; the IC can also be used before the input to other blocks. ... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica