Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gaz naturel – Solubilité

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Gaz naturel – Solubilité'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gaz naturel – Solubilité"

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Ghanem, G., G. Tagand, H. Loiseleur, D. Ingrain, and J. Jose. "Détermination de la solubilité du tétrahydrothiophène (THT) liquide dans les principaux constituants du gaz naturel (CH4, CO2 et N2) au moyen d'un dispositif dynamique avec analyse chromatographique en ligne de la phase vapeur." Journal de Chimie Physique et de Physico-Chimie Biologique 95, no. 5 (1998): 927–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp:1998222.

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Li, Han Yong, Yun Zhang, and Huan Wang. "Gas Solubility Measurement for Waxy Crude Oil Saturated with Nitrogen and Natural Gas." Advanced Materials Research 339 (September 2011): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.339.603.

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With self-developed solubility determining unit, gas volume solubility of Daqing waxy crude oil saturated with nitrogen and natural gas was measured respectively at temperatures of 50°C, 55°C, 60°C and 65°C and under pressures from 2 to 20 MPa. The gas volume solubility in the crude oil is increased with the increasing of pressure for both nitrogen and natural gas at every temperature tested, which the increased extent of gas solubility of natural gas is much higher than that of nitrogen. Solubility of natural gas increases with the decreasing of temperature, but that of nitrogen increases wit
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Barth, Jakob, Siegfried Ripperger, Christoph Hörhammer, and Rudolf Flierl. "Solubility of Natural Gas in Diesel Fuel." Chemical Engineering & Technology 39, no. 8 (2016): 1545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201600091.

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Cézac, Pierre, Jean-Paul Serin, Jacques Mercadier, and Gérard Mouton. "Modelling solubility of solid sulphur in natural gas." Chemical Engineering Journal 133, no. 1-3 (2007): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.02.014.

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Koulocheris, Vassilis, Vasiliki Louli, Eleni Panteli, Stathis Skouras, and Epaminondas Voutsas. "Modelling of elemental mercury solubility in natural gas components." Fuel 233 (December 2018): 558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.06.077.

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Farahdila, K., P. S. Goh, A. F. Ismail, et al. "Challenges in Membrane Process for Gas Separation from Natural Gas." Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology 25, no. 2 (2021): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/amst.v25n2.222.

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Membrane technology is cost effective solution for CO2 removal from natural gas. However, there is challenges during its application depending on the polymer material characteristic. Understanding on the polymer fundamental and transport properties, will enable proper design of pre-treatment and operating conditions that suits its capability envelope. Diffusivity selective membrane favors high pressure and high temperature conditions and vice versa for solubility selective polymer. On top of that, the robustness and durability of the resultant membrane, need to be evaluated with multicomponent
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Reis Nunes, Regina C., Mar López-González, and Evaristo Riande. "Basic studies on gas solubility in natural rubber-cellulose composites." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 43, no. 16 (2005): 2131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.20507.

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Li, Jian, Yunlong Zhao, Qituan Yan, et al. "Measurement of Elemental Mercury Solubility in Natural Gas Dehydrating Solvents." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 394 (August 7, 2018): 022060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/394/2/022060.

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Yamada, Junya, Takehiro Shibuya, Atsushi Kobayashi, and Tomoya Tsuji. "Mercury solubility measurements in natural gas components at high pressure." Fluid Phase Equilibria 506 (February 2020): 112342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2019.112342.

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Figueiredo, Camila Senna, Jailton Ferreira do Nascimento, Rony Oliveira de Sant'ana, Deborah Cordeiro de Andrade, Zaniel Souto Dantas Procópio, and Osvaldo Chiavone-Filho. "Thermodynamic Studies of Iron Carbonate Solubility in Aqueous Monoethylene Glycol Mixtures and CO2 Atmosphere." Applied Mechanics and Materials 830 (March 2016): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.830.134.

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Monoethylene glycol (MEG) is being widely applied as thermodynamic inhibitor to avoid formation of natural gas hydrates. High hydrophilicity, low toxicity, low viscosity, low solubility in liquid hydrocarbons and high capacity of dissolving salts are advantageous for the use of MEG in the natural gas production. In addition, MEG recovery can be easily achieved considering its low volatility in relation to water, which makes the process economical and environmentally feasible. The reuse of MEG is being theme of research and phase equilibrium data for the involved species are required. In this w
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gaz naturel – Solubilité"

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Cloarec, Eric. "Etude expérimentale de la solubilité du soufre dans le gaz naturel." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3054/document.

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Ces dernières années, des problèmes de fonctionnement dus à la formation de dépôts de soufre élémentaire ont été rapportés dans les réseaux de transport du gaz naturel. La compréhension du phénomène passe par la connaissance de la solubilité du soufre dans ces conditions de pression et de température. Des données sont disponibles seulement dans les conditions de gisement du gaz naturel. Un appareillage expérimental a donc été conçu pour mesurer la solubilité du soufre dans les conditions de transport du gaz naturel. Le protocole de mesure se décompose en trois étapes. La première consiste satu
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Dhima, Aleksandër. "Solubilité des gaz naturels dans l'eau à pression élevée." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO19002.

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Les conditions dans les gisements profonds du petrole et du gaz naturel sont telles que la pression peut atteindre 1000-1200 bars et la temperature 200c. Dans ces conditions les solubilites mutuelles de l'eau et des hydrocarbures peuvent etre importantes et leurs predictions est un defi pour les petroliers. En effet peu de donnees existent au dela de 700 bars. Des nouvelles donnees de solubilite dans l'eau a 344,25 k et a la pression de 2,5 a 100 mpa du methane, de l'ethane, du n-butane, du dioxyde de carbone et de leurs melanges sont fournies dans ce travail. Les resultats sont en bon accord
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Afzal, Waheed. "Equilibres de phases des systèmes glycol-gaz naturel." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1651.

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Suite à une demande sans précédente vis-à-vis des produits issus du gaz naturel, l'industrie du gaz doit exploiter des réserves de plus en plus riches en gaz acides. Par ailleurs, une grande attention est apportée à la protection de l'environnement, en raison des exigences des clients et de la promulgation de législations rigoureuses. L'industrie a été chargée de développer une stratégie globale pour améliorer ses procédés et sa capacité de production en pratiquant des économies d'énergie, des réductions des pertes, et une diminution de incidence de ses procédés sur l'environnement. La solutio
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Bergin, Gaëtan. "Prévision de la solubilité des hydrocarbures dans l'eau en fonction de la température et de la pression." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21335.

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Les hydrocarbures, constituants importants du pétrole, se retrouvent souvent en étroite coexistence avec l'eau. La connaissance des équilibres entre phases des systèmes hydrocarbure-eau, dans une large gamme de températures et de pressions, est essentielle pour l'exploitation effective des ressources pétrolières et gazières. Cette information s'inscrit dans l'optique de la maîtrise des processus de récupération assistée du pétrole, du stockage et du transport du pétrole et du gaz naturel, ainsi que des problèmes inhérents à la protection de l'environnement. Trois axes de recherche ont été prin
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Ghanem, Ghanem. "Etude d'isothermes de solubilité sous pression [-30 à 50 °C, 1 à 60 bar] d'un odorisant du gaz naturel, le tétrahydrothiophène (THT) dans N2, CH4 ou CO2 et de ces gaz dans cet odorisant." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10099.

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Afin d'assurer la securite, certains produits odorants comme le tetrahydrothiophene (thiacyclopentane) represente par le sigle tht, dont l'odeur est percue a faible teneur, sont injectes dans le gaz naturel par le gaz de france en vue d'odorisation. Cette odorisation artificielle rend toute fuite eventuelle de gaz immediatement detectable dans l'atmosphere, avant que la situation ne risque d'evoluer dangereusement. Par consequent, l'odorisation du gaz naturel tient un role considerable sur le plan de la securite et constitue une preoccupation majeure de toute compagnie gaziere. Un des probleme
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Delepine, Hervé. "Détermination des coefficients de partage du benzène et du tétrahydrothiophène à l'état de traces entre phase gazeuse et phase aqueuse dans les conditions de stockage du gaz naturel." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10203.

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Le gaz naturel, en France, contient majoritairement du méthane mais aussi des composés aromatiques tel que le benzène, des paraffines et l'odorisant du gaz naturel : le TétraHydroThiophène. Dans les conditions de fond des stockages souterrains en nappes aquifères, la solubilité des constituants du gaz naturel dans l'eau génère une pollution et un problème environnemental lors de la cessation d'activité de ces stockages. Notre étude porte donc sur la détermination de la solubilité dans l'eau, eau salée et eau + méthanol du benzène et du tétrahydrothiophène contenus initialement à l'état de trac
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Courtial, Xavier. "Détermination de coefficients de partage et de limites de solubilité du méthanol dans des mélanges liquides comportant azote et hydrocarbure(s) aux conditions opératoires des unités de fractionnement du gaz naturel." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005035.

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Après le traitement du gaz naturel, le méthanol est présent sous forme de traces. Notre objectif est de déterminer les propriétés thermodynamiques des mélanges “hydrocarbure(s) – méthanol“ aux conditions opératoires rencontrées lors du fractionnement du gaz naturel, à hautes et basses températures. En effet, les industries peuvent être pénalisées financièrement lorsque la teneur finale en méthanol dépasse 50 ppm molaire. Pour cela, nous souhaitons connaître les équilibres entre phases aux conditions spécifiques régnant dans ces unités. Peu de données existent pour de si faibles teneurs en méth
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Le, Quang Duyen. "Equilibre des hydrates de gaz en présence d'un mélange d'hydrocarbures gazeux." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0726/document.

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Différentes études ont été réalisées depuis les années 1778 pour étudier la formation des clathrates hydrates de gaz, notamment dans des conditions de haute pression et de basse température pour reproduire les conditions de production pétrolière. Mon travail de thèse concerne principalement l’étude du comportement thermodynamique des hydrates d’hydrocarbures gazeux : CO2 CH4, C2H6, C3H8, et C4H10, pris purs ou bien en mélanges. Les résultats expérimentaux de ce travail, complétés des résultats expérimentaux de la littérature, ont été utilisé afin d’optimiser les paramètres interne du modèle th
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Jay, Sophie. "Etude expérimentale de la solubilté du soufre dans le gaz naturel." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU3024.

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Cela fait plusieurs années maintenant que l’on observe l’apparition de dépôts de soufre au sein des réseaux de transport du gaz naturel. Principalement localisés au niveau des zones de détente, ces dépôts sont à l’origine de nombreux problèmes de sécurité entraînant de ce fait un surcoût financier pour l’exploitant. La bibliographie sur ce sujet a montré une absence totale de points expérimentaux de solubilité du soufre dans le gaz naturel dans les conditions température et pression du transport gazier. Un pilote expérimental a donc été développé. Le protocole expérimental repose sur trois éta
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Ogunrobo, Emmanuel Osarumwense. "Analysis of hydrocarbon solubility in amine solution used for natural gas processing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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This Thesis comprises of experimental and the theoretical work done on the analysis of hydrocarbon solubility in amine solutions used for natural gas processing. The objective of this study is the solubility of hydrocarbons in different Amine solutions and the comparison of the results obtained, in order to understand their behaviour in applications related to Natural Gas processing. From solubility knowledge indeed several informations of interest could be obtained such as: i) quantification of possible losses of hydrocarbons during amine treatment ii) evaluation of the amount of these com
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Book chapters on the topic "Gaz naturel – Solubilité"

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Tu, H. M., P. Guo, J. F. Du, et al. "Mutual Solubility of Water and Natural Gas with Different CO2 Content." In Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119363804.ch14.

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KOJIMA, R., K. YAMANE, and I. AYA. "Dual Nature of CO2 Solubility in Hydrate Forming Region." In Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies - 6th International Conference. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044276-1/50130-6.

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Zhang, Jiafei, Danlu Tong, Paul S. Fennell, and J. P. Martin Trusler. "Solubility of CO2 in aqueous amine solutions: A study to select solvents for carbon capture from natural-gas power plant." In Proceedings of the 4th International Gas Processing Symposium. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63461-0.50001-8.

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"Applications of PANI Thin Films." In Advances in Chemical and Materials Engineering. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9896-1.ch006.

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Polypyrrole, polythiophene, and PANI are inherently conducting polymers (ICPs), which show electrical properties just like metals and semiconductors. Aniline has low cost, so it makes PANI the least expensive and thermally stable from all ICPs. PANI is conducting in nature, but due to its less solubility and melting processability, it has not much attention for commercial purposes. PANI might be used for commercial purposes following by some additional improvements. It can be synthesized by electrochemical and chemical oxidative polymerization. PANI thin films can be used in the detection of gases as gas sensors, chemical and biological sensors, optical pH sensors, etc. These films can also be used in supercapacitors, electrochromic devices, solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, rechargeable batteries, electrochemical filter, protection of metal surface from corrosion, etc. PANI thin films can also be used in biological applications such as antimicrobial properties, and the various researchers across the globe have the most widely studied tissue engineering applications.
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Meghwal, Kiran, Srishti Kumawat, Chetna Ameta, and Nirmala Kumari Jangid. "Effect of Dyes on Water Chemistry, Soil Quality, and Biological Properties of Water." In Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0311-9.ch005.

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As the textile industries use aqueous method for dyeing processes, the color that is released in the environment is associated with the incomplete absorption of dyes on fibres. So, there is a strong need to reduce the amount of residual dye in textile effluent. Large amounts of liquid wastes are produced from textile industries that contain both organic and inorganic compounds. The degradation of azo dyes is difficult using the conventional processes. These complex azo dyes containing N=N bond have been found to show carcinogenic evidences on reductive cleavage. Azo dyes have capability to alter physical and chemical properties of soil, causing harm to the water bodies. Dyes are toxic in nature, which is lethal for microorganisms present in soil affecting agricultural productivity. The presence of azo dyes in water decreases its water transparency and water gas solubility. This reduces light penetration through water, decreases its photosynthesis activity, causing oxygen deficiency and de-regulating the biological cycles of aquatic system.
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Fisher, David. "Life and Death on Mars and Earth." In Much Ado about (Practically) Nothing. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195393965.003.0023.

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It’s certainly not intuitively obvious that the noble gases, which don’t do anything, which don’t react either chemically or biologically, should be intimately related with questions of life and death, but so they are. The conventional wisdom is that they are physiologically inert: you breathe them in, you breathe them out; they don’t react with your body at all. This is not quite true. In 1938, two scientists at the Navy Experimental Diving Unit, Albert R. Behnke and Oscar D. Yarbrough, were working on the “remarkable stupefaction and neuromuscular impairment experienced by deep sea divers at depths below 100 feet” due to nitrogen narcosis. They discovered that substituting helium for atmospheric nitrogen in the air supply minimized the problem. The helium didn’t actually interact physiologically, but it improved the flow of oxygen through the aerobic pathways, according to Graham’s Law, which relates air flow to the inverse square root of the gas’s density (i.e., atomic mass). It seemed natural to investigate the role of argon, and the following year they found that, as expected, argon (being more dense than air) interfered with air flow rather than improving it. But further experiments showed, to their surprise, that argon was even more narcotic than nitrogen, an effect they ascribed to its increased solubility in both water and fat; that is, the effect on the central nervous system seemed to depend not so much on the identity of the gas but on its total dissolved concentration in the body and blood stream. Interesting, but soon there was a war on, and it wasn’t until 1946 that several workers at the University of California, Berkeley, took the obvious next step: the solubility of the noble gases increases with atomic number, so xenon should be most narcotic. And they found this to be so; indeed, xenon was so narcotic it worked as a general anesthetic on mice. Well, that was interesting.
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Bortiatynski, Jacqueline M., and Patrick G. Hatcher. "The Development of 13C Labeling and 13C NMR Spectroscopy Techniques to Study the Interaction of Pollutants with Humic Substances." In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Environment Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097511.003.0007.

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Modern agricultural practices have contributed to the accumulation of herbicides, pesticides and their decomposition products in the soil. These pollutants are known to interact with soil organic matter to form covalent and/or noncovalent bonding associations. The covalent bonds are thought to result from addition or oxidative coupling reactions, some of which may be catalyzed by oxidoreductive enzymes. Noncovalent associations include such interactions as ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, protonation, charge transfer, ligand exchange, coordination through metal ions, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic bonding. The association of pollutants with soil organic matter is an area of study that is of extreme interest for two reasons. First, dissolved organic matter present in lakes and streams is known to enhance the solubility of pollutants, which poses a real threat to the quality of fresh water supplies. Therefore, if we are to predict the movement of pollutants in the water table we need to have a mechanistic understanding of their interactions with dissolved humic materials. Second, early studies had indicated that some pollutants chemically bind to humic materials, thus reducing the risk of further transport and dispersion. If this chemical binding of the pollutants is irreversible, then this process may serve as a natural means for their detoxification. Regardless of the type of association, the first task in any mechanistic study is to characterize the reaction products structurally. In the case of noncovalent binding mechanisms, studies have focused on the physical characteristics of the process and not on the structure of the associated pollutant. Association studies are used to determine the sorption kinetics and transport of pollutants as well as their association constants. These types of studies utilize various techniques such as batch sorption, gas-purge desorption, column adsorption, and miscible displacement. All of these techniques are only capable of providing quantitative information on the amount of pollutant sorbed by a substrate. The study of the covalent binding of pollutants to humic substances has utilized 14C labeling in addition to various spectrometric techniques such as ultraviolet (UV) difference, fluorescence polarization and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
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Conference papers on the topic "Gaz naturel – Solubilité"

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Yan, Q. T., Y. L. Zhao, J. Li, et al. "Determination of the Mercury Solubility in Several Natural Gas Processing Fluids." In International Workshop on Environmental Management, Science and Engineering. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007558902010206.

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Manikonda, Kaushik, Abu Rashid Hasan, Omer Kaldirim, Nazmul Rahmani, and Mohammad Azizur Rahman. "Estimating Swelling in Oil-Based Mud due to Gas Kick Dissolution." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18115.

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Abstract Gas kick is an ever-present hazard whose importance is magnified for offshore drilling situations. Modeling gas kick is a complex problem that requires an understanding of the relevant fluid dynamics as well as the solubility of natural gas in oil-based muds (OBM). Drilling fluid swelling due to natural gas solubility in OBM significantly affects the extent of pit gain — one of the primary indicators of a kick in progress. This paper specifically addresses the issue of drilling fluid swelling from gas dissolution in OBM. Drilling fluid swelling due to gas dissolution is generally expr
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Diaz Campos, Mery, I. Yucel Akkutlu, and Richard F. Sigal. "A Molecular Dynamics Study on Natural Gas Solubility Enhancement in Water Confined to Small Pores." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/124491-ms.

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Nahri, Syed Y., Yuanhang Chen, Wesley Williams, Otto Santos, Louis Thibodeaux, and Jianjun Zhu. "Understanding the Phenomenon of Dissolved Gas Migration of Gas in Riser During Drilling Operations." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96683.

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Abstract The prevention and control of gas kicks is a major concern in the petroleum industry during deepwater drilling operations. The problem is further aggravated when dealing with synthetic and oil-based muds (SOBM and OBM) that can dissolve a gas influx entering the wellbore. Due to the solubility of formation gases in drilling fluids, the gas cut mud resulting from gas absorption has a density lower than that of overlaying unsaturated drilling fluid. Lab scale experimental tests were conducted in order to understand whether buoyancy-induced convection and diffusion attribute to mass tran
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Nahri, Syed Y., Yuanhang Chen, Wesley Williams, Otto Santos, and Ting Sun. "Buoyancy Induced Convection of Riser Gas in Deepwater Drilling Operations." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96649.

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Abstract Riser gas migration has been an area of interest since the last three decades due to its importance in gas handling in deepwater drilling operations. A previously conducted full-scale test at LSU Petroleum Engineering Research & Technology Transfer (PERTT) well facility indicates, as contrary to traditional belief, significant migration of dissolved gas taking place even when circulation had ceased. In order to understand whether a reduction in density of the underlying contaminated mud resulting from gas absorption is the contributing factor to the above-mentioned phenomenon, a c
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Seo, Kyoungwoo, Young-In Kim, Jae-Kwang Seo, and Doo-Jeong Lee. "A Study on the Convective Mass Transfer of Nitrogen to Water for a Gas Pressurizing System." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48060.

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Mass transfer due to a concentration difference of nitrogen can occur in a nuclear system. Our research work seeks to analyze and understand the mass transfer phenomena of nitrogen in water under the condition of a natural convection using the commercially available CFD computer model, FLUENT 6.3. The maximum solubility was employed to express the boundary condition at an interface between the nitrogen and water. First, the case that nitrogen was transferred to water by only a diffusion was simulated to verify the application of the UDS (User defined scalar) model in FLUENT 6.3 for a mass tran
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Nilsen, Marius Staahl, and Sigve Hovda. "Fighting Invisible Kicks: Study of Time Dependent Vaporization of Methane Gas Dissolved in Base Oil." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18630.

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Abstract Understanding the interaction between the drilling fluid and the natural gas from a gas kick may be of great importance when predicting how a well control incident evolves during drilling operations. This is especially true for oil based mud, which has the ability to dissolve large quantities of gas under high pressure, thus potentially hide any volumetric impact of a gas kick. When the pressure of the dissolved gas decreases below the bubble pressure, free gas will start to emerge. Dangerous situations can occur if the bubble point pressure is low and located close to the surface. Th
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Kisaka, Yuji, and Adrian P. Gerlich. "Review and Critical Assessment of Hardness Criterion to Avoid Sulfide Stress Cracking in Pipeline Welds." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63198.

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Although employing high strength steels in pipelines provides many benefits, it is difficult to satisfy all required mechanical properties simultaneously because some are potentially at odds with each other. Additionally, when new natural gas pipelines are constructed for severe sour service, the hardness must be below 248 Vickers to avoid sulfide stress cracking (SSC) regardless of pipe grades, and this has been standardized by NACE and applied for approximately five decades. On the other hand, the relevance of this hardness criterion has been controversial. This paper proposes three possible
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Lilian, Simiyu E., and Sandra Konez. "Innovations in Carbon (iv) Oxide Capture and Sequestration for Operations, Engineering and Technology." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2572863-ms.

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ABSTRACT Fossil fuel combustion supplies more than 85% of energy for industrial activities and thus it is the main source of greenhouse gases in the form of CO2. This is expected to remain unchanged for a long time as the world energy consumption doubles. Renewable energy is often a better option since it is environmental friendly but its technologies are not financially available for most countries. Carbon (iv)oxide capture and sequestration (CCS) is necessary for meaningful greenhouse gases reduction in the immediate future. CCS could reduce emissions by 19%. This is an important bridge betw
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Wu, Qian, Glenn Penny, Sai Sashankh Rao, et al. "Development of Oil Based Foam for Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling PMCD Applications." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205875-ms.

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Abstract:
Abstract Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) technique is typically applied for drilling formations with natural fractures and large vugs that result in severe or total losses. The density of the drilling fluid used in PMCD is slightly below reservoir pore pressure. In the case of very low reservoir pressures below base oil densities (~6.7 ppg), foam can be an option. This paper presents a methodology to develop an oil-based foam system for a PMCD application. The scope includes the descriptions of a foam PMCD application, functional requirements of foam, the development workflow, testing proc
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