Journal articles: 'GBAGBO'

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Wheeler, Caleb H. "Shifting Priorities: Are Attitudes Changing at the International Criminal Court about Trials in absentia?" International Criminal Law Review 21, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 97–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10036.

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Abstract A recent decision by the International Criminal Court’s Appeals Chamber in the Gbagbo and Blé Goudé case raised the possibility of a shift away from the long-standing practice of only holding trial in the presence of the accused. The final paragraphs of the 28 May 2020 decision asserts that any future trial proceedings in the Gbagbo et al. case could be held in the absence of the defendants should Mr Gbagbo and Mr Blé Goudé be released from custody and then later fail to appear for trial. This article examines the Appeals Chamber’s decision in light of the Court’s Statute, existing jurisprudence at the icc and within the larger context of international criminal law. It concludes that the Appeals Chamber’s decision fails to properly understand the right to be present at trial as it exists in the Rome Statute nor does it comply with any identified general principle of law.

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Touré, Moussa. "Côte d'Ivoire : Simone Gbagbo prend le pouvoir." Politique africaine 95, no. 3 (2004): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/polaf.095.0032.

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Djalovski, Inbal. "Prosecutor v. Laurent Koudou Gbagbo: Judgment on the Appeal Against the Decision of Pre-Trial Chamber I on Jurisdiction and Stay of the Proceedings (Int’l. Crim. CT.)." International Legal Materials 53, no. 3 (June 2014): 477–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.53.3.0477.

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On December 12, 2012, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (Court) in the case of Prosecutor v. Laurent Koudou Gbagbo unanimously confirmed the Pre-Trial Chamber I decision to dismiss Mr. Gbagbo’s challenge to the jurisdiction of the Court. In the Judgment, the Appeals Chamber, for the first time, was called to interpret Article 12(3) of the Rome Statute (Statute), which allows a non-party State to accept the jurisdiction of the Court on an ad hoc basis without acceding to the Statute. The Judgment further includes two procedural issues. Firstly, the Appeals Chamber found that although the Pre-Trial Chamber erred by not rendering a separate decision on Côte d’Ivoire’s request for leave to submit its observations, this error did not materially affect the Pre-Trial Chamber’s decision. Secondly, the Appeals Chamber dismissed, in limine, Mr. Gbagbo’s request for a stay of proceedings based on allegations of violations of his fundamental rights, since it was not jurisdictional in nature and thus fell outside the scope of the appealable matter.

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Piccolino, Giulia. "Ultranationalism, democracy and the law: insights from Côte d'Ivoire." Journal of Modern African Studies 52, no. 1 (February 4, 2014): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x13000827.

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ABSTRACTAlthough much has been written about the ideology of Laurent Gbagbo's Front Populaire Ivoirien in Côte d'Ivoire and its impact on the Ivorian politico-military crisis, little attention has been paid to the ubiquitous role of the law in the discourse and political strategy of the pro-Gbagbo elite. The Ivorian case may provide important insights about the connection between ultranationalist ideology and a legalist, formalist conception of democracy and national sovereignty. The article analyses the circumstances of the emergence of ‘legalist nationalism’ in Côte d'Ivoire by looking at key episodes of the Ivorian transition between 2002 and 2012. The article discusses the relevance of Pierre Englebert's concept of ‘legal command’ and the turbulences of democratic transitions in accounting for the prominence of legalism in Ivorian politics. It explores the implications of the Ivorian case for understanding the connection between law and politics in Africa.

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Ipinyomi, Foluke. "Is Côte d'Ivoire a Test Case for R2P? Democratization as Fulfilment of the International Community's Responsibility to Prevent." Journal of African Law 56, no. 2 (August 15, 2012): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855312000071.

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AbstractAfter the election deadlock in Côte d'Ivoire, the international community recognized Ouattara as the winner of the elections, while the incumbent president, Gbagbo, also claimed victory. When they were both sworn in, violence ensued. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon stated that the international community had a responsibility to protect citizens. Thereafter, the UN, African Union and ECOWAS attempted to quell the violence through mediation and the threat of force. Gbagbo was eventually ousted by Ouattara's forces. This article examines the international community's responsibility to prevent and its actions in that regard. If democratization is a means to prevent mass atrocities, what was the nature of the international community's responsibility to Ivoirians to prevent conflict? What should be the international community's reaction to internal agitations for democracy? Some answers to these questions lie in the framework for the international community's responsibility to prevent the four crimes related to R2P.

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Kuczyńska, Hanna. "The Scope of Appeal on Complementarity Issues before the icc." Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 15, no. 2 (September 22, 2016): 326–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341325.

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On 27 May 2015, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (icc) issued a judgment on the appeal of Côte d’Ivoire against the decision of Pre-Trial Chamber i of 11 December 2014 entitled “Decision on Côte d’Ivoire’s challenge to the admissibility of the case against Simone Gbagbo”. As a result of this decision, the path to prosecute Simone Gbagbo lies open. The Appeals Chamber confirmed the opinion expressed by the Pre-Trial Chamber that there were no obstacles in the form of national prosecutions which would exclude the icc’s jurisdiction pursuant to the principle of complementarity. This judgment is not only important from the point of view that the icc has found no basis to find the case inadmissible on the grounds of lack of complementarity, but even more so because of the procedural issues at stake. In this decision, solutions can be found that are crucial with regard to the scope and methods of appellate review before the icc.

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Kalama, John, and Famous Eseduwo. "THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP CRISIS AND POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN AFRICA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE GBAGBO-QUATTARA LEADERSHIP CRISIS IN COTE D’ IVOIRE." International Journal of Comparative Studies in International Relations and Development 6, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijcsird.v6.i1.04.

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This study strives to unravel the impact of leadership crisis and political instability in Africa with specific reference to the Gbagbo-Quattara leadership tussle in Cote d’Ivoire. The study relied on secondary sources of data and the post-behavioural theory as its theoretical framework. The study adopted the descriptive research method while data for the study were analysed using qualitative method and content analysis. It was observed that the Gbagbo-Quattara leadership crisis and several others in Africa are driven by personal interest and refusal to accept the result of the presidential election declared by Independent Electoral Commission of Cote d’Ivoire. Further findings from the study revealed that the pressure mounted by the African Union, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the United Nations contributed immensely to the early resolution of the leadership crisis in Cote d’Ivoire. To avoid leadership crisis and political instability in Africa, regional and international election observes should be deployed to monitor all elections across the world. In addition, regional and international organizations and agencies should also sanction citizens and leaders whose actions and conduct constitute a threat to peace and security at all levels.

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Leloup, Christophe. "Lansana Conté et Laurent Gbagbo unis contre les Forces nouvelles ?" Outre-Terre 11, no. 2 (2005): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute.011.0329.

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Poissonnier, Ghislain. "L’acquittement de Laurent Gbagbo, un condensé des limites de la Cour pénale internationale ?" Revue internationale et stratégique N°116, no. 4 (2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ris.116.0095.

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Gnonzion, Celestin. "Le Traitement Médiatique du Transfèrement de Laurent Gbagbo à la Haye Par Trois Quotidiens Ivoiriens Entre 2011 et 2012." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 11 (April 30, 2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n11p18.

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This article aims to highlight the problems that are associated with a number of Ivoirian press. In the newsrooms, journalists basically handle information on the subject of politics with partiality. For instance, in the news coverage of the transfer of former President Laurent Gbagbo to The Hague, this paper shows how this fact was dealt with in three newspapers: 'Notre Voie', 'Le Nouveau Reveil', and 'Le Patriote'. Each of these newspapers treated the information according to the perception of leaders and politicians they want to satisfy. The article demonstrates that when the owner of the journal is influenced by politic power, it is difficult to have professionals in journalism who respect the journalist’s code of ethic and deontology.

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11

Widner, Jennifer A. "The 1990 Elections in Côte d’Ivoire." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 20, no. 1 (1991): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501401.

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Paraphrasing Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Ivoirian politician Camille Aliali once said, “Democracy is a system of government for virtuous people. It seldom works even in mature countries. We must be realistic. Our people are ignorant of the problems we face. They cannot be left to choose the solutions,....” In 1990, the president and his close associates changed their minds. On May 3, 1990, the president of Côte d’Ivoire announced the legalization of opposition parties and the intent to hold multi-party elections. On October 28, Ivoirians voted in their first multi-candidate presidential election, which pitted the eighty-five year old Houphouët against long-standing critic and candidate of the “democratic left” coalition, Laurent Gbagbo.

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12

Piccolino, Giulia. "One Step Forward, Two Steps Back? Côte d'Ivoire's 2015 Presidential Polls." Africa Spectrum 51, no. 1 (April 2016): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971605100106.

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The 2015 presidential election in Côte d'Ivoire was seen as an important test for the country given the 2010 post-election crisis. Although the 2015 polls were peaceful, they were affected by problems not new to Côte d'Ivoire: lack of competition due to non-participation of major political actors, low voter turnout, mistrust in electoral institutions. The unpreparedness of the Commission Electorale Indépendante (CEI) was also problematic, especially with respect to the revision of the voter list. Due to the boycott of partisans of former president Laurent Gbagbo and because of the support of the Rassemblement des Houphouëtistes pour la Démocratie et la Paix (RHDP), President Alassane Ouattara's re-election was essentially a given from the start. With the ruling coalition firmly in control, Côte d'Ivoire appears stable. However, the country's democratic deficit might lead to renewed violence once the RHDP has to pick Ouattara's successor.

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13

Hamilton, Tomas. "Case Admissibility at the International Criminal Court." Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 14, no. 2 (August 24, 2015): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341295.

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The existing jurisprudence of the icc establishes a two-step test for determining challenges to the admissibility of a case under Article 17 of the Rome Statute, now further solidified by an Appeals Chamber judgment in Simone Gbagbo. Notably, this is an area of the jurisprudence that does not suffer from excessive fragmentation. The Court has consistently required “substantially the same conduct” for a finding of parity between its own case and the case under investigation or prosecution by domestic authorities. Different outcomes in Al-Senussi and Gaddafi are attributable to factual differences, leaving intact the fundamental approach of the Court to the “inability” and “unwillingness” aspects of complementarity. Although novel fact patterns may pose future challenges to the coherence of this approach, the core principles of case admissibility are now well established, increasing legal certainty for States and individuals who seek to challenge the admissibility of cases before the Court.

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14

Rosenberg, Sophie T. "Le procès Gbagbo-Blé Goudé pour crimes contre l’humanité. Contestation de la crise ivoirienne à La Haye." Afrique contemporaine 263-264, no. 3 (2017): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.263.0268.

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15

Freckelton, Ian, and Magda Karagiannakis. "Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Hospitalisation Syndrome as Potential Aetiologies of Unfitness to Stand Trial: The Gbagbo Decision." Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 21, no. 5 (September 3, 2014): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2014.953666.

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Gilmore, Sunneva. "Better Late than Never: Reparations for Sexual Violence in the Ntaganda case before the International Criminal Court." Journal of Human Trafficking, Enslavement and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2021): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/266644721x16239186251242.

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The Prosecutor v Bosco Ntaganda case at the International Criminal Court (ICC) represents the long awaited first reparation order for sexual violence at the court. This will hopefully see the implementation of reparations for the war crimes and crimes against humanity of rape and sexual slavery among civilians and former child soldiers, after previous cases such as against Jean-Pierre Bembe and Laurent Gbagbo were acquitted of rape. This article drawing from the author's role as a reparation expert in the case, is a reflection on the challenges of designing and providing reparations at the ICC against convicted individuals, as well as amidst insecurity and the COVID-19 infectious disease pandemic. It begins by discussing how the Ntaganda reparation order expanded reparation principles for the first time since the Lubanga case, in particular for crimes of a sexual nature. This is followed by an outline of some of the harms as a result of sexual violence from the perspective of an expert with a medical background. The analysis then turns to the appropriate reparations in this case and the details contained within the chamber's reparation order. Final conclusions consider how the procedural and substantive elements of reparations in this case will be instructive to future cases that address sexual violence. Ultimately, key insights are offered on the modest contribution an appointed reparation expert can do in assisting a trial chamber in the reparation process.

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Martin, Guy. "Félix Houphouët et la Côte d'Ivoire: l'envers d'une légende by Marcel Amondji Paris, Editions Karthala, 1984. Pp. 333. FF88.00. - La Côte d'Ivoire: économie et société à la veille de l'indépendance, 1940–1960 by Laurent Gbagbo Paris, Editions l'Harmattan, 1982. Pp. 212. FF80.00. - Côte d'Ivoire: pour une alternative démocratique by Laurent Gbagbo Paris, Editions l'Harmattan, 1983. Pp. 179. FF70.00." Journal of Modern African Studies 25, no. 3 (September 1987): 559–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010041.

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Cabasso, Paul, Dorot, Maor, Krivoruk, Pasmanik-Chor, Mirzaian, Ferraz, Aerts, and Horowitz. "Drosophila melanogaster Mutated in its GBA1b Ortholog Recapitulates Neuronopathic Gaucher Disease." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 9 (September 9, 2019): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091420.

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Gaucher disease (GD) results from mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GCase). The large number of mutations known to date in the gene lead to a heterogeneous disorder, which is divided into a non-neuronopathic, type 1 GD, and two neurological, type 2 and type 3, forms. We studied the two fly GBA1 orthologs, GBA1a and GBA1b. Each contains a Minos element insertion, which truncates its coding sequence. In the GBA1am/m flies, which express a mutant protein, missing 33 C-terminal amino acids, there was no decrease in GCase activity or substrate accumulation. However, GBA1bm/m mutant flies presented a significant decrease in GCase activity with concomitant substrate accumulation, which included C14:1 glucosylceramide and C14:0 glucosylsphingosine. GBA1bm/m mutant flies showed activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and presented inflammation and neuroinflammation that culminated in development of a neuronopathic disease. Treatment with ambroxol did not rescue GCase activity or reduce substrate accumulation; however, it ameliorated UPR, inflammation and neuroinflammation, and increased life span. Our results highlight the resemblance between the phenotype of the GBA1bm/m mutant fly and neuronopathic GD and underlie its relevance in further GD studies as well as a model to test possible therapeutic modalities.

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Bukuru, Jean-Batiste, and Aleksandr Solntsev. "The Issues of Legitimacy of the International Criminal Court in Its Relations with African Countries in the Sphere of Counteracting International Crimes." Russian Journal of Criminology 13, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2019.13(2).332-339.

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The authors study the legitimacy of the establishment and work of the International Criminal Court (ICC) from the perspective of African countries. They point out that African countries initially supported the idea of creating the ICC and actively participated in its establishment and development. However, after the Court initiated investigations regarding the current President of Sudan Omar Al-Bashir and other African leaders (current President of Kenia Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta, its Vice-President William Samoei Ruto, former Head of the Great Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Muammar Gaddafi, the ex-President of Cote d’Ivoire Laurent Gbagbo, and others), the ICC began to lose its legitimacy in the eyes of most African leaders, who started to perceive it as a political instrument of Western countries. As a result, the African Union in its Resolutions (13 (XIII), 987 (XXIX), 952 (XXVIII) and others) called on African countries to stop cooperating with the ICC concerning warrants for the arrest of current officials and, finally, to totally withdraw from the Rome Statute of the ICC of 1998 because it believed that the Court is selective in its persecution of Africans only. Following this, three African countries (Burundi, the South African Republic and Gambia) announced in 2016 that they intend to withdraw from the Rome Statute. However, the South African Republic and Gambia did not do this due to internal political situation and pressure from the Western countries, and only Burundi withdrew from the 1998 Rome Statute on October 27, 2017. Besides, the African Union initiated the establishment of the International Criminal Chamber within its regional court — the African Court of Justice and Human Rights (Malabo Protocol of 2014); the authors believe it to be the reaction of the African countries to the activities of the ICC. Based on their research, the authors suggest reforming the International Criminal Court to ensure its independence and impartiality in fighting international crimes and impunity, as well as developing regional criminal justice in Africa.

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Afui Nkili, Lyvia. "Gnakpa (Georges), Du féminisme dans la poésie ivoirienne. Préface de Simone Ehivet Gbagbo, Première Dame de la République de Côte d’Ivoire. Paris : L’Harmattan, coll. L’Harmattan – Côte d’Ivoire, 2009, 118 p. – ISBN 978-2-296-11063-2." Études littéraires africaines, no. 30 (2010): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027365ar.

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21

Xu, Zhiqiang, Yiping Ke, Yi Wang, Hong Cheng, and James Cheng. "GBAGC." ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 9, no. 1 (October 28, 2014): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2629616.

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22

Jewett, Kathryn A., Ruth E. Thomas, Chi Q. Phan, Bernice Lin, Gillian Milstein, Selina Yu, Lisa F. Bettcher, et al. "Glucocerebrosidase reduces the spread of protein aggregation in a Drosophila melanogaster model of neurodegeneration by regulating proteins trafficked by extracellular vesicles." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): e1008859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008859.

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Abnormal protein aggregation within neurons is a key pathologic feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The spread of brain protein aggregates is associated with clinical disease progression, but how this occurs remains unclear. Mutations in glucosidase, beta acid 1 (GBA), which encodes glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the most penetrant common genetic risk factor for PD and dementia with Lewy bodies and associate with faster disease progression. To explore how GBA mutations influence pathogenesis, we previously created a Drosophila model of GBA deficiency (Gba1b) that manifests neurodegeneration and accelerated protein aggregation. Proteomic analysis of Gba1b mutants revealed dysregulation of proteins involved in extracellular vesicle (EV) biology, and we found altered protein composition of EVs from Gba1b mutants. Accordingly, we hypothesized that GBA may influence pathogenic protein aggregate spread via EVs. We found that accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and Ref(2)P, Drosophila homologue of mammalian p62, were reduced in muscle and brain tissue of Gba1b flies by ectopic expression of wildtype GCase in muscle. Neuronal GCase expression also rescued protein aggregation both cell-autonomously in brain and non-cell-autonomously in muscle. Muscle-specific GBA expression reduced the elevated levels of EV-intrinsic proteins and Ref(2)P found in EVs from Gba1b flies. Perturbing EV biogenesis through neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase), an enzyme important for EV release and ceramide metabolism, enhanced protein aggregation when knocked down in muscle, but did not modify Gba1b mutant protein aggregation when knocked down in neurons. Lipidomic analysis of nSMase knockdown on ceramide and glucosylceramide levels suggested that Gba1b mutant protein aggregation may depend on relative depletion of specific ceramide species often enriched in EVs. Finally, we identified ectopically expressed GCase within isolated EVs. Together, our findings suggest that GCase deficiency promotes accelerated protein aggregate spread between cells and tissues via dysregulated EVs, and EV-mediated trafficking of GCase may partially account for the reduction in aggregate spread.

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Ibegbu, A., E. David, W. Hamman, U. Umana, and S. Musa. "Height determination using hand length in Nigerian school children." Journal of Morphological Sciences 31, no. 04 (October 2014): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.047913.

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Abstract Introduction. The anthropometric characteristics of 600 normal Nigeria School Children of ages between 5-10 years of Gbagyi tribe of Abuja, with no obvious deformities or previous history of trauma to the hand were selected for this study. Materials and methods. Of these children, males (n=300) with mean age of 7.10 ± 1.98, and females (n=300) with mean age of 7.68 ± 1.86) were investigated. The anthropometric characteristics of their height, age, weight, hand length, and body mass indices were measured, analysed statistically for any significant difference, and correlation between the parameters studied. Results. The results show some significant differences between the anthropometric parameters and a significant correlation (p< 0.001) between the height and hand length, and other parameters in both males and females. The study derived a linear regression and a multiple linear regression equations for Gbagyi School children of Nigeria from which height, age, weight, hand length and body mass index could be predicted if one factor is known. Conclusion. The results from the present study show that there was a positive correlation between height and hand length and other parameters indicating that height could be predicted using hand length, age, weight and body mass index among Gbagyi school children of Abuja-Nigeria.

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Khachaturyan, Maria. "Inclusory pronouns in Mande: The emergence of a typological rarum." Folia Linguistica 53, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 87–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2019-2005.

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Abstract This paper reviews inclusory constructions and pronouns in the Mande language family and proposes a diachronic account of their development. Inclusory constructions, which are found in several Mande languages, are a type of conjunction strategy where the whole set of participants – the superset – and a subset of participants are expressed, as in Dan-Gwetaa yāā Gbȁtȍ ‘Gbato and I’, lit. ‘we Gbato’. In a number of Southern and Southwestern Mande languages, inclusory constructions are typologically unique, as they feature a separate series of inclusory pronouns, which are used exclusively in this construction. The paper argues that these inclusory pronouns are a Southwestern Mande innovation, which spread to other Mande languages through contact.

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Bocchese, Marco. "Gbagbo’s lost bet: when inviting external judicial scrutiny backfires." International Journal of Human Rights 23, no. 10 (June 4, 2019): 1648–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2019.1624537.

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K. Ali, Hannatu, Mustapha Al-Yasa’U, and Aminu A. Wushishi. "An Investigation on the Forgotten Aspects of Cultures and Influence of Western Education among Communities in Niger State, Nigeria." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 6, no. 3 (July 31, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.3p.32.

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In Niger State, there are more than fifteen different ethnic groups, each having its peculiar cultural affiliations, but the major ethnic groups in the State are; Nupe, Gbagyi, Fulani/Hausa. This paper tends to reflect on certain aspects of cultures which seem to have been forgotten among the three major ethnic groups, with focus on marriage most of whose aspects have been tempered by the influence of Western education. A qualitative method was used with the aim of extracting vital information from the participants regarding the forgotten aspects of cultures. Four aged people who are versed on culture were purposively selected. An in-depth interview, non-participatory observation and document analysis were used as means for data collection. All the participants were interviewed in English and each session of the interview lasted for about an hour to two hours. The interview was recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed manually. Findings from the study discovered that; most of the beautiful and less expensive cultural practices in marriage have been forgotten, abandoned and changed with expensive and luxurious practices. The paper reviews the traditional marriage practices in the past among the Nupe, Gbagyi and the Fulani, and the influence of Western education on the forgotten aspects. The paper concludes by pointing out effects of the forgotten aspects on our contemporary society, particularly with the increase in population among the youths.

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Ngbolua, Koto-te-Nyiwa, Ngemale Gbiadiri Maurice, Masengo Ashande Colette, Ndolete Geregbia Jean-Pierre, Bongo Ngiala Gédéon, Ndanga Bikibo Apollinaire, Tshibangu Sha Tshibey Damien, and Tshilanda Dinangay Dorothée. "Survey on the Sale of Megaphrynium Macrostachyum (Marantaceae) Leaves in Gbado-Lite City and Surroundings (Nord Ubangi Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo)." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 2, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v2i2.874.

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In Africa, the importance of NTFPs in the livelihood security is well recognized and these products represent vital sources of income for poor population. However, the sales chain of Marantaceae leaves is informal in Gbado-Lite and there is no information available on this sector for the promotion of the sale of NTFPs at the local level to reduce poverty and protect the environment as well as to conserve biodiversity. This survey shows that mostly female (55%) carries out the sale of Marantaceae leaves in Gbado-Lite. Among traders, 37.5% are illiterate, 32.5%, 20% and 10% have a secondary, primary and university education respectively. Regarding the marital status, 52.5% of respondents are divorced, 25% are widows and 22.5% are married. While 40% of respondents are unemployed, 30% are farmers while housewives and pupils account for 17.5% and 12.5% respectively. Our respondents know seven other non-woody forest products. These include: Mushrooms (27.5%), Caterpillars (22.5%), Marantaceae leaves (20%), honey (17.5%), snails and game (5% each) and vines (2.5%). Marantaceae leaves are first used for food packaging (47.5%), food preservation (35%), building material (10%). The forest accounts for 52% of the total harvesting habitat of Marantaceae leaves. It is followed by fallow (25%), fields (15%) savannah (8%) respectively. This sale allows the schooling for children (27.5%); health care (20%); food purchase (17%); beverage purchase (12.5%). The majority of respondents believe that these leaves are not well managed after use and therefore pollute the environment because of the lack of a waste collection structure. Yet, they are biodegradable and should be used to make compost for crops in Gbado-Lite.

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Idris, Abubakar Zakari, and Alhaji Bako Umar. "The Gbagyi Bayekpe (Education) and Imperialism in Minna, 1928 – 1960." African Research Review 11, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v11i2.5.

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Orisaremi, Titilayo Cordelia. "Gender and the Reproductive Rights of Gbagyi Women in North-Central Nigeria." OALib 07, no. 12 (2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106797.

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Piccolino, G. "David against Goliath in Cote d'Ivoire? Laurent Gbagbo's war against global governance." African Affairs 111, no. 442 (December 21, 2011): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adr064.

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Liu, Xiang, Kai-jing Zuo, Jie-ting Xu, Ying Li, Fei Zhang, Hong-yan Yao, Yue Wang, et al. "Functional analysis of GbAGL1, a D-lineage gene from cotton (Gossypium barbadense)." Journal of Experimental Botany 61, no. 4 (January 6, 2010): 1193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp388.

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Vonto, David Christian, Numbem Jacqueline Tchakounte, Fuh Calistus Gentry, Raoul Ludovic Zaguy-Guerembo, Philemon Zo'o Zame, Sarala Djanarthany, and Charles Nkoumbou. "Geology and geotechnical characteristics of the Gbago and Ngouaka plutonic rocks, North East of Bangui, Central Africa Republic." Journal of African Earth Sciences 167 (July 2020): 103831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103831.

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Zweifel, Peter. "Fünf Fragen (und Antworten) zur Gesundheitsökonomik." Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik 21, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pwp-2020-0006.

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ZusammenfassungIn diesem Übersichtsartikel beschreibt Peter Zweifel die Entwicklung des Fachgebiets „Gesundheitsökonomik“ an Hand von Antworten auf fünf Fragen: Ist das Gut „Gesundheit“ wirklich anders als alle andern? Geht es zentral um die „Kostenexplosion“? Was ist die Bedeutung des moralischen Risikos im Vergleich zur adversen Selektion auf Märkten für Krankenversicherung mit Wettbewerb? Wie bedeutsam ist die anbieterinduzierte Nachfrage? Und schließlich, gibt es eine Begründung für den außerordentlich hohen Grad der Regulierung im Gesundheitswesen? Die Antworten sind solide in der Mikroökonomik verankert; sie sollten jedoch verdeutlichen, dass Ökonomen mit Interesse am Gesundheitsverhalten und am Gesundheitswesen der Karikatur des „erbsenzählenden Elefanten im Porzellanladen“ (Gbadebo und Reinhardt 2001) überhaupt nicht entsprechen.

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Gao, Caiyun, Miao Deng, Xiaoming Yang, Wanwen Yu, Jinfeng Cai, Yuanbao Shi, Zhibo Zhu, et al. "Genome-Wide Identification and Coexpression Network Analysis of DNA Methylation Pathway Genes and Their Differentiated Functions in Ginkgo biloba L." Forests 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2020): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101076.

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DNA methylation plays a vital role in diverse biological processes. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) genes and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM)-related genes are key genes responsible for establishing and maintaining genome DNA methylation in plants. In the present study, we systematically identified nine GbDNMTs in Ginkgo biloba, including the three common families of GbMET1a/1b, GbCMT2, and GbDRMa/b/2a/2b/2c, and a fourth family—GbDNMT3—which is absent in most angiosperms. We also identified twenty RdDM-related genes, including four GbDCLs, six GbAGOs, and ten GbRDRs. Expression analysis of the genes showed the different patterns of individual genes, and 15 of 29 genes displayed expression change under five types of abiotic stress. Gene coexpression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) using 126 public transcriptomic datasets revealed that these genes were clustered into two groups. In group I, genes covered members from all six families which were preferentially expressed in the ovulate strobile and fruit. A gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of WGCNA modules indicated that group I genes were most correlated with the biological process of cell proliferation. Group II only consisted of RdDM-related genes, including GbDRMs, GbAGOs, and GbRDRs, but no GbDCLs, and these genes were specifically expressed in the cambium, suggesting that they may function in a dicer-like (DCL)-independent RdDM pathway in specific tissues. The gene module related to group II was most enriched in signal transduction, cell communication, and the response to the stimulus. These results demonstrate that gene family members could be conserved or diverged across species, and multi-member families in the same pathway may cluster into different modules to function differentially. The study provides insight into the DNA methylation genes and their possible functions in G. biloba, laying a foundation for the further study of DNA methylation in gymnosperms.

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Ceballos-Baumann, A. O. "Seltene Parkinson-Syndrome." Nervenheilkunde 37, no. 03 (February 2018): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642089.

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ZusammenfassungDie verschiedenen Parkinson-Syndrome (PS) klinisch einzelnen Krankheitsentitäten zuzuordnen, gilt als schwierig. Es sind viele seltene Parkinson-Syndrome von dem häufigen sporadischen idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS) zu differenzieren. Zum Teil neu aufgelegte Kriterien für das IPS und die atypischen Parkinson-Syndrome wie Demenz vom Lewy-Body-Typ (DLB), Multisystematrophie (MSA), progressiver supranukleärer Blickparese (PSP) und kortikobasales Syndrom (CBS) sollten die diagnostische Einordnung verbessern. Patienten mit vom sporadischen IPS kaum unterscheidbaren monogenetischem PS, z. B. mit LRRK2-Mutationen oder mit einem Risikogen, z. B. Mutationen im GBAGen, können relativ einfach genetisch diagnostiziert werden. Bei jungen PS-Patienten müssen komplexe Krankheiten wie z. B. das häufige Mikrodeletionssyndrom 22q11.2 (Di-George-Syndrom), Morbus Wilson und “Morbus Fahr” sowie die Gruppe der Neurodegenerationen mit Eisenablagerung im Gehirn (NBIAs) berücksichtigt werden.

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Liu, Xiang, Kaijing Zuo, Fei Zhang, Ying Li, Jieting Xu, Lida Zhang, Xiaofen Sun, and Kexuan Tang. "Identification and expression profile of GbAGL2, a C-class gene from G ossypium barbadense." Journal of Biosciences 34, no. 6 (December 2009): 941–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12038-009-0108-1.

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Badiora, Adewumi Israel, and Bashir O. Odufuwa. "Fear dynamics in public places: a case study of urban shopping centers." Journal of Place Management and Development 12, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 248–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-11-2018-0084.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the relationships among some important factors and perceived personal safety in public places, using Nigerian urban shopping centers as case studies. Following the evidence from previous studies, the present study hypothesizes that individual characteristics influence perceived personal safety in shopping centers, and users’ perceived safety is affected by the shopping centers’ environmental attributes. Design/methodology/approach Two shopping centers were selected as cases for the study. Systematic sampling technique was used to select participants. Respondents were asked to answer closed-ended questions pertaining to environmental-design satisfaction, socio-economic and demographic characteristics and shopping center use. In total, 784 users participated in the survey. However, only 440 users properly completed the interview: 219 from Aleshinloye and 221 from Gbagi. Environmental design, socio-economic and demographic characteristics and shopping center use are independent variables, whereas perceived safety is a dependent variable. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis and Man–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Findings Results show that fear of crime is the most important factor, explaining 28.16 per cent of the total variance in perceived safety. Nevertheless, findings show that demographic factors have a significant impact on perceived safety as well. There is also a strong association between perceived safety and the use of shopping centers, as Aleshinloye, which is perceived safer, has been more frequently used than Gbagi. Furthermore, environmental design appears as a significant factor for perceived safety in shopping centers, as users of Aleshinloye’s facilities have a better perceived safety from crime, better way-finding ability and more environmental-design satisfaction than users of Gbagi. Practical implications The study recommends the provisions of design or security precautions that prevent the fear of crime and improve way-finding capacity and environmental-design satisfaction in urban shopping facilities. Specifically, it is important to have environmental security precautions such as closed circuit televisions, good and functional lighting and private security staff, especially for women and the elderly, in urban commercial centers as these precautions could enhance their sense of personal safety. Originality/value Previous studies on shopping centers’ security have mainly concentrated on the relationship between fear of crime, perceived safety and associated factors. No studies to date have explored how way-finding ability affects perceived safety of users of shopping centers. This study contributes to the existing literature, revealing way-finding anxiety to be another important dimension of perceived safety in urban shopping centers.

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Aliyu, Ahmed Sidi, Nuhu Musa Waziri, Hadiza Liman Mohammad, and Mohammed Abubakar Mohammed. "Partition behaviour of iron and zinc in the catchment alluvial sediments of River Gbako flood plains around Baddegi, central Bida basin, Nigeria." Scientia Bruneiana 18, no. 2 (May 27, 2020): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46537/scibru.v18i2.94.

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Partition behaviors of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were studied in the alluvial sediments of River Gbako floodplains around Baddegi using empirical formulas. The samples were cored from three pits locations (TR-1, TR-2, and TR-3). Particle size distribution and geochemical analysis were performed. Particle size distribution results indicated that the sediments are sand dominated. They have more than 50% sand with smaller percentages of clay and silt. Average partition coefficient values of Fe in the sediments are 1.02, 0.83, and 0.88 for TR-1, TR-2, and TR-3, respectively, and for Zn are 1.02, 0.95, and 0.83, for TR-1, TR-2 and TR-3, respectively. The average velocities of Fe mobilization in the sediments are 0.08 m/day, 0.07 m/day and 0.09 m/day for TR-1, TR-2 and TR-3, respectively, and for Zn mobilization are 0.07 m/day, 0.07 m/day and 0.09 m/day, for TR-1, TR-2, and TR-3, respectively. The metals were preferentially partitioned in the sediments than the water percolating through them, with average hydraulic conductivity (K) of 4.2 m/day. The partition behavior of the metals is used to explain contaminant transportation in the alluvial sediments of the River Gbako floodplains around Baddegi and the principle behind groundwater purification in the shallow alluvial aquifers of these floodplains. Index Terms: Partition coefficient, hydraulic conductivity, alluvial sediments, floodplain, Nigeria

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Aboubakar, Abdoul, Bertille Illalie Manefouet, Landrie Sylvin Komguep, Emmanuel Tatchoum Talom, Clotaire Romaric Foueze, and Yannick Lahe Djonthu. "Geotechnical characterization of Beka-Gotto rock massif (Adamawa Region-Cameroon) for the use in civil engineering." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 62 (September 14, 2021): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v62i0.38693.

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Beka-Gotto is a village of Ngaoundal located in the Adamawa region (Cameroon). The present study is carried out to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of the local rock massifs, in order to determine their possible uses in various fields of civil engineering. The methodology used consists of petrographic and geotechnical characterization of the different massifs. The rocks crop outas domes or slabs. The rock is light gray. Under the microscope, the rock presents a grainy microstructure composed of plagioclase, potassium feldspar, biotite and quartz. Zircon and opaque minerals represent the accessory phase. With this composition, rock is granodiorite. The geotechnical study, on the other hand, made it possible to understand that, on the physical level, the rock massif has very good properties. In fact, the specific weight on class 6/10 and 10/14 obtained has mean values of 2.73 and 2.68 kN/m3 respectively. While the apparent density obtained of the class 6/10 and 10/14 has mean values 1.35 and 1.46 g/cm3 respectively. Mechanically, Los Angeles coefficient is 24-46.3% while the Micro-Deval coefficient is 7-35% and the coefficient of dynamic fragmentation is 18-30%. In accordance with geotechnical standards, with the exception of the Gbago massif, the other massifs have a choc resistance and a wear resistance of satisfactory to limited grade as well as good resistance to dynamic fragmentation and therefore usable in any type of structure.

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Buribekova, Roziya, Irina Shukurbekova, Surayo Ilnazarova, Nekruz Jamshevov, Guldarbogh Sadonshoeva, Saleem Sayani, Aliya Aminmuhammad, et al. "Promoting Clinical Breast Evaluations in a Lower Middle–Income Country Setting: An Approach Toward Achieving a Sustainable Breast Health Program." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.17.00103.

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Purpose To promote a systems-based approach for the early detection and downstaging of breast cancer at presentation in the remote mountainous region of Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO), Tajikistan, by introducing breast cancer awareness into the community and training health care professionals in clinical breast evaluation (CBE). Methods Through a public-private partnership between the Ministry of Health, the Aga Khan Health Services, Tajikistan, and the Aga Khan Health Board, we organized breast cancer screening in the community and trained family medicine doctors (FMDs) and family medicine nurses (FMNs) in CBE. We identified and trained CBE master trainers, who, in turn, systematically trained FMNs to conduct CBEs in each of the remote regional clinics. Results Between 2014 and 2017, 47 FMDs (85% of all FMDs in GBAO), 166 FMNs (55% of all FMNs in GBAO), and six master trainers were trained. Of 3,556 women who were screened, abnormal CBEs were noted in 696 of them (20%). Of the last 1,101 CBEs that were performed by trainee FMNs, with secondary CBEs by master trainers, the rate of abnormal CBEs plateaued at 9%. A total of 18 women were diagnosed with breast cancer—2.6% of abnormal CBEs and 0.5% of all screened women. Conclusion A dual-pronged approach of community awareness and CBE training of health care professionals, supported by CBE master trainers, offers a sustainable approach for the early detection of breast pathology. We observed anecdotal evidence of clinical early-stage detection over time with improved CBE proficiency and community acceptance. Sustaining this program will require advocacy by health care providers and a responsive public policy to support the early detection and treatment of breast cancer across the region.

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Mai, Moukhtar M., and Shuhana Shamsuddin. "Ethnic spatial identity in the context of urbanization: the transformation of Gbagyi compounds in North Central Nigeria." Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability 1, no. 3 (November 2008): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549170802532096.

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Ibrahim, Aliyu Hassan, and Hassan Ibrahim Adamu. "CHARACTERIZATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 126–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-467.

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The paper examined the spatial distribution and characteristics of ethno-cultural tourism resources available in different ethnic communities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The sampled communities are Ham, Fulani, Hausa, Kagoro, Adara and Gbagyi, field observations were also carried out for holistic resource inventory in the ethnic communities. Documentary data were obtained from desk review method; information on tourism resources available in each ethnic community. The findings of the study reveal that the ethno-cultural resources were characterized into three groups that are made up of archaeological/historical monuments, cultural and festival activities, and artifacts; while the nature-based tourism, resources were also sub-divided into geomorphic and hydrological features. The study recommends that There is the need for private public partnership (PPP) to foster visible ethno-cultural tourism development projects (tourism potential development, provision of social amenities to enhance competitive advantage and enlightenment campaigns), since the local and state Governments (basically in terms of infrastructural developing and policy issue that will providing an enabling environment for tourism projects to strive) cannot do all or meet all the yearnings of the people.

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KOUSSOUHON, Léonard, and Fortuné AGBACHI. "Ambivalent Gender Identities in Contemporary African Literature: A Butlerian Perspective." Journal for the Study of English Linguistics 4, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v4i1.9558.

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This paper is an attempt to examine the way male and female participants perform gender in 03 novels, Everything Good Will Come (2006), Swallow (2010) and A Bit of Difference (2013), by a contemporary Nigerian writer called Sefi Atta. The study draws on Gender Performative Theory as developed by the feminist Butler (1990/1999). This theory considers gender identities as being socially constructed. The study highlights the multiple ways in which male and female participants perform gender according to established social norms in the selected novels. Regarding the existing social norms in Nigeria, the findings by scholars like Fakeye, George and Owoyemi (2012), Mejiuni and Awolowo (2006), Bourey et al (2012), Gbadebo, Kehinde and Adedeji (2012), Okunola and Ojo (2012) exude that men are traditionally portrayed as career people, assertive, powerful and active, independent and violent while women are stereotypically depicted as housewives, submissive, powerless and passive, dependent and non-violent (or victims). Based on the above dichotomies between men and women, the study unveils the ideology that underpins gender performances in the novels.

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Oosterveld, Valerie. "Prosecutor v. Issa Hassan Sesay, Morris Kallon & Augustine Gbao." American Journal of International Law 104, no. 1 (January 2010): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.104.1.0073.

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Amo Usanos, Carlos, Luciano Boquete, Luis de Santiago, Rafael Barea Navarro, and Carlo Cavaliere. "Induced Gamma-Band Activity during Actual and Imaginary Movements: EEG Analysis." Sensors 20, no. 6 (March 11, 2020): 1545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061545.

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The purpose of this paper is to record and analyze induced gamma-band activity (GBA) (30–60 Hz) in cerebral motor areas during imaginary movement and to compare it quantitatively with activity recorded in the same areas during actual movement using a simplified electroencephalogram (EEG). Brain activity (basal activity, imaginary motor task and actual motor task) is obtained from 12 healthy volunteer subjects using an EEG (Cz channel). GBA is analyzed using the mean power spectral density (PSD) value. Event-related synchronization (ERS) is calculated from the PSD values of the basal GBA (GBAb), the GBA of the imaginary movement (GBAim) and the GBA of the actual movement (GBAac). The mean GBAim and GBAac values for the right and left hands are significantly higher than the GBAb value (p = 0.007). No significant difference is detected between mean GBA values during the imaginary and actual movement (p = 0.242). The mean ERS values for the imaginary movement (ERSimM (%) = 23.52) and for the actual movement (ERSacM = 27.47) do not present any significant difference (p = 0.117). We demonstrated that ERS could provide a useful way of indirectly checking the function of neuronal motor circuits activated by voluntary movement, both imaginary and actual. These results, as a proof of concept, could be applied to physiology studies, brain–computer interfaces, and diagnosis of cognitive or motor pathologies.

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You, Yibo, Ting Xue, Linyan Cao, Liping Zhao, Haipeng Sun, and Baolin Sun. "Staphylococcus aureus glucose-induced biofilm accessory proteins, GbaAB, influence biofilm formation in a PIA-dependent manner." International Journal of Medical Microbiology 304, no. 5-6 (July 2014): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.04.003.

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Smith-Kayode, G., George Akbigbe, J. A. Kolade, and C. A. Amih. "Integrated Approach to an Improved Citrus Production and Marketing System in Benue State of Nigeria." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 652a—652. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.652a.

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The commercial production and handling systems in Benue State was undertaken under a World Bank assisted project to identify and seek solution to constraints facing citrus farming in some rural parts of Nigeria. Selected areas noted for intensive fruit cultivation like Gbako,Yandev,Katsina-ala, and Aliade was covered in a survey by citrus agronomists and postharvest specialists. The study looked into processes and activities at farmers plots, agriculture department extension plots and nurseries, local markets and processing plants. Key production constraints identified include pest management and weed problems,bush burning, and high labor costs for farm operations. Lack of organized marketing outlets, high transport costs, and fruit decay at collection centers were the main bottlenecks facing the postharvest operations. Local processors face the problems of poor-quality raw material supply and the unstable price regimes every season. Investigation revealed that improved extension linkages that emphasize appropriate orchard management skills, integrated pest management, and careful handling should be introduced.

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Cabasso, Or, Sumit Paul, Gali Maor, Metsada Pasmanik-Chor, Wouter Kallemeijn, Johannes Aerts, and Mia Horowitz. "The Uncovered Function of the Drosophila GBA1a-Encoded Protein." Cells 10, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030630.

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Human GBA1 encodes lysosomal acid β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which hydrolyzes cleavage of the beta-glucosidic linkage of glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Mutations in this gene lead to reduced GCase activity, accumulation of glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine, and development of Gaucher disease (GD). Drosophila melanogaster has two GBA1 orthologs. Thus far, GBA1b was documented as a bone fide GCase-encoding gene, while the role of GBA1a encoded protein remained unclear. In the present study, we characterized a mutant variant of the fly GBA1a, which underwent ERAD and mildly activated the UPR machinery. RNA-seq analyses of homozygous mutant flies revealed upregulation of inflammation-associated as well as of cell-cycle related genes and reduction in programmed cell death (PCD)-associated genes, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR. We also observed compromised cell death in the midgut of homozygous larvae and a reduction in pupation. Our results strongly indicated that GBA1a-encoded protein plays a role in midgut maturation during larvae development.

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Tay, Collins, Ruby Asmah, and Charles A. Biney. "A comparative study of the pollution status of Sakumo II and Muni Lagoons in Ghana." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 1067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.359.

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The pollution status of Sakumo II and Muni Lagoons and Mamahuma and Gbagbla Ankonu feeder streams, which feed Sakumo II along the coast of Ghana, were assessed and compared. As expected of saline waters, pH values of both lagoons fell within a slightly neutral to saline range whilst, the feeder streams were moderately saline. Conductivity distribution also showed saline (>5.0 mS cm−1) characteristics of the lagoons, while, the feeder streams are brackish (1.5–5.0 mS cm−1). DO concentrations in both lagoons indicated a wide variation. Relatively high BOD and nutrients content of Sakumo II and the feeder streams suggested that, Sakumo II and its feeder streams are moderately to grossly polluted. However, Muni Lagoon was characterized by relatively low BOD and nutrients content suggesting relatively low anthropogenic impact. The ionic dominance patterns for Sakumo II and Muni Lagoons were: Na+ > Mg2 + > Ca2 + and Cl− > HCO3− > SO42−, Na+ > Ca2 + > Mg2 + and Cl− > HCO3− > SO42−, respectively. Using water quality index (WQI), Sakumo II was found to be grossly polluted and requires mitigation measures, while, Muni Lagoon was of fairly good quality and requires monitoring.

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Abudulawal, Lukuman, Sikiru Amidu, Olusola Adeagbo, and Saheed Adejumo. "Overburden Thickness and Potential Tonnage Estimate of Olode-Gbayo Pegmatite Deposit, Southwestern Nigeria, Using Electrical Resistivity Method." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2017/32811.

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Journal articles on the topic 'GBAGBO'

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