Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gbe languages

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Gbe languages'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Gbe languages"

1

Huttar, George L., James Essegbey, and Felix K. Ameka. "Gbe and other West African sources of Suriname creole semantic structures." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, no. 1 (April 6, 2007): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.22.1.05hut.

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This paper reports on ongoing research on the role of various kinds of potential substrate languages in the development of the semantic structures of Ndyuka (Eastern Suriname Creole). A set of 100 senses of noun, verb, and other lexemes in Ndyuka were compared with senses of corresponding lexemes in three kinds of languages of the former Slave Coast and Gold Coast areas, and immediately adjoining hinterland: (a) Gbe languages; (b) other Kwa languages, specifically Akan and Ga; (c) non-Kwa Niger-Congo languages. The results of this process provide some evidence for the importance of the Gbe languages in the formation of the Suriname creoles, but also for the importance of other languages, and for the areal nature of some of the collocations studied, rendering specific identification of a single substrate source impossible and inappropriate. These results not only provide information about the role of Gbe and other languages in the formation of Ndyuka, but also give evidence for effects of substrate languages spoken by late arrivals some time after the “founders” of a given creole-speaking society. The conclusions are extrapolated beyond Suriname to creole genesis generally.
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Huttar, George L., Enoch O. Aboh, and Felix K. Ameka. "Relative clauses in Suriname creoles and Gbe languages." Lingua 129 (May 2013): 96–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2013.01.009.

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Smith, Norval, and Vinije Haabo. "The Saramaccan implosives." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, no. 1 (April 6, 2007): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.22.1.07smi.

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This paper takes as its starting point the recently discovered fact that Saramaccan contrasts two types of voiced labial and coronal stop, plain and implosive. The plain labials appear to be modern in origin, something which cannot be said about their coronal counterparts. So we reconstruct an earlier situation in Saramaccan in which only one type of labial voiced stop, the implosive, was present, but both types of coronal. The Gbe languages also have one voiced labial stop, and two coronals, although none of these are implosive. It can be demonstrated, however, that a near-regular correspondence exists between the three putative Saramaccan voiced stops and the three Gbe stops, and conclude that this is an additional piece of evidence for the role of Fon/Gbe as a substrate language for Saramaccan. We further discuss the implications this correspondence has for views on the nature of the 17th century Fon consonant system.
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Essegbey, James. "The “basic locative construction” in Gbe languages and Surinamese creoles." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 20, no. 2 (November 29, 2005): 229–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.20.2.02ess.

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This paper compares the conceptualisation and expression of topological relations in Surinamese creoles with that of Gbe languages (which were part of the substrate) and English (the superstrate). It investigates the components of the Basic Locative Construction (BLC), i.e. the most neutral construction that is used to code topology, and the type of situations for which the BLC is used in the languages. It shows that the BLC in the creole and Gbe languages has a locative phrase which is made up of a noun phrase that expresses the Ground and a spatial element that expresses the Search Domain i.e. the specific part of the Ground where the Figure is located. The locative phrase in the creoles also has a preposition but this does not contribute to its spatial meaning. By contrast, English has a locative phrase which is made up of a preposition that expresses the Relation between the Figure and the Ground, and the Search-Domain information. The paper concludes that the Suriname creoles display a strong substrate influence in this spatial domain. There are some differences, which can be attributed to gradual Dutch influence and generalisation on the part of the creoles.
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Wiesinger, Evelyn. "Non-French lexicon in Guianese French Creole." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 34, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 3–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00027.wie.

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Abstract Guianese French Creole1 (GFC) is one of the least studied French Creoles, which is especially true with respect to its non-French-related input. Combining sociohistorical, demographic and linguistic data, this contribution gives a first lexico-etymological account of the GFC lexicon of non-French origin, including Amerindian and Portuguese influences and especially the quantitative and qualitative nature of the contribution made by different Niger-Congo languages. These findings are discussed in light of controversial hypotheses on the particular influence of early numerical and/or socially dominant ethnolinguistic groups on the creole lexicon (i.e. Baker 2012), as well as with regard to word classes and semantic domains to which the different groups contributed. Whereas Gbe and non-Gbe languages clearly diverge with regard to their semantic contribution, the early dominance of presumably Gbe-speaking slaves in French Guiana is not reflected in the numerical proportion of Gbe-related lexical items in GFC, at least on the basis of my still limited data. This study thus tentatively confirms the lesser explanatory power of the lexicon for creole genesis scenarios and points to the fact that sub- or adstrate-related lexical items may have taken very complex etymological routes, which clearly need further study.
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Essegbey, James, and Felix K. Ameka. "“Cut” and “break” verbs in Gbe and Sranan." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 22, no. 1 (April 6, 2007): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.22.1.04ess.

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This paper compares “cut” and “break” verbs in four variants of Gbe, namely Anfoe, Anlo, Fon and Ayizo, with those of Sranan. “Cut” verbs are change-of-state verbs that co-lexicalize the type of action that brings about a change, the type of instrument or instrument part, and the manner in which a change occurs. By contrast, break verbs co-lexicalize either the type of object or the type of change. It has been hypothesized that “cut”-verbs are unergative while breaks verbs are unaccusatives. For example “break” verbs participate in the causative alternation constructions but “cut” verbs don’t. We show that although there are some differences in the meanings of “cut” and break verbs across the Gbe languages, significant generalizations can be made with regard to their lexicalization patterns. By contrast, the meanings of “cut” and break verbs in Sranan are closer to those of their etymons in English and Dutch. However, despite the differences in the meanings of “cut” and “break” verbs between the Gbe languages and Sranan, the syntax of the verbs in Sranan is similar to that of the Eastern Gbe variants, namely Fon and Ayizo. We look at the implications of our findings for the relexification hypothesis.
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Ameka, Felix K. "Three-place predicates in West African serializing languages." Studies in African Linguistics 42, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v42i1.107273.

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The widespread assumption that serializing languages use serial verb constructions (SVCs) to code three-participant situations and therefore lack three-place predicates and three-place mono-verbal constructions is shown not to be valid for West African serializing languages. Using Ewe (Gbe), Likpe (Na-Togo) and Akan (Tano) as exemplars, I demonstrate that these languages have trivalent predicates and various constructions in which a single verb hosts three arguments in a clause. The languages deploy three-place predicate, adpositional, SVC, and adnominal strategies to code three-participant situations. I argue that there are semantic differences between the various constructions. The hyper-transitivity of these languages might account for the presence of three-place predicate constructions.
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Gbeto, Flavien. "Esquisse de la tonologie synchronique de Wemɛgbe dialecte Gbe du sud-Benin." Studies in African Linguistics 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2004): 66–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v33i1.107339.

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In this paper I show that Wemegbe, a language spoken in southern Benin, has two underlying tones, H and L, and that the surface tones M, LH and HL are derived by phonological rules. A H tone is inserted after an initial prevocalic voiceless obstruent (occurring in non verbals), creating a HL contour tone, when the vowel of the syllable is L toned. The LH tone is derived through a rightspreading rule from a L' prefix tone, which is postulated for all verbs in their imperative forms and for all nouns. Of particular interest is the fact that the rightward spreading rule for L' is blocked by a voiceless obstruent. Finally, the M tone is derived through a L-Raising rule. This analysis shows that not only can vowels be TBUs in the world's languages, but also initial root consonants can be.
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Jennings, William, and Stefan Pfänder. "French Guianese Creole." Journal of Language Contact 8, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 36–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00801003.

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This article hypothesizes that French Guianese Creole (fgc) had a markedly different formative period compared to other French lexifier creoles, a linguistically diverse slave population with a strong Bantu component and, in the French Caribbean, much lower or no Arawak and Portuguese linguistic influence.The historical and linguistic description of the early years offgcshows, though, that the founder population offgcwas dominated numerically and socially by speakers of Gbe languages, and had almost no speakers of Bantu languages. Furthermore, speakers of Arawak pidgin and Portuguese were both present when the colony began in Cayenne.
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Amuzu, Evershed Kwasi. "A Comparative Study of Bilingual Verb Phrases in Ewe-English and Gengbe-French Codeswitching." Journal of Language Contact 7, no. 2 (May 14, 2014): 250–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00702002.

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This article describes contact phenomena between two closely related varieties of the Gbe language cluster Ewe and Gengbe each with a Germanic and a Romance language. The focus is on a comparison of verb phrases in Ewe-English codeswitching, spoken in Ghana, and Gengbe-French codeswitching, spoken in Togo. It is the first qualitative comparative study of this kind although quite a number of local (West African) languages are in contact with English and French. It finds that because the two varieties of Gbe are morphosyntactically similar, there are remarkable morphosyntactic similarities between bilingual clauses containing English verbs and those containing French verbs. English/French verbs with the same transitivity value which assign the same set of thematic roles to their arguments occur in slots in Ewe/Gengbe-based clauses where Ewe/Gengbe verbs with those subcategorization features also occur. The explanation for this pattern, from the perspective of the Matrix Language Frame model, is that during codeswitching English and French verbs are treated as if they belong to the class of Ewe and Gengbe verbs which share their subcategorization features. Assuming language production to be modular (in the sense of Myers-Scotton 1993, 2002), it is argued that the pattern is illustrative of a kind of composite codeswitching (Amuzu 2005a, 2010, and in print) by which abstract grammatical information from one language about verbs from that language—here English or French—is consistently mapped onto surface structure through the grammatical resources of another language, here Ewe or Gengbe.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gbe languages"

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Tossa, Comlan Zéphirin. "Adjonctions et séries verbales dans les langues Gbe." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9868.

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La these debute par une esquisse syntaxique des langues Gbe qui prouve que ces langues sont de type SOV. Elle propose ensuite une analyse des constructions verbales serielles dans les langues Gbe a partir de l'hypothese que les langues naturelles peuvent avoir, en D-structure, des structures syntaxiques ou les categories V$\sp\circ$, V$\sp\prime$, VP et CP sont adjointes a V$\sp\prime$. L'existence de ces types d'adjonction est attestee a partir des series verbales, c'est-a-dire des enonces dans lesquels apparai t une sequence de deux lexemes verbaux pour former le predicat de la proposition. L'adjonction d'un V$\sp\circ$ a V$\sp\prime$ a ete attestee par l'existence de certains verbes qui ne peuvent recevoir aucun element de INFL mais qui expriment des aspects en se positionnant apres le verbe principal (et son complement). La position d'adjonction est justifiee, d'une part, par le fait que ces verbes agissent comme des complements qui viennent faire un apport semantique au verbe principal et d'autre part par l'etude du comportement de ces verbes par rapport a d'autres categories des langues Gbe. Les adjonctions d'un V$\sp\prime$ et d'un VP a V$\sp\prime$ ont ete etablies a partir d'un postulat descriptif qui permet de distinguer un V$\sp\prime$ d'un VP. L'idee est qu'une tete lexicale n'est pas toujours obligee de projeter jusqu'a la derniere projection maximale. On a une adjonction de V$\sp\prime$ quand la tete de ce V$\sp\prime$ est un verbe inaccusatif au sens de Burzio (1986). On a une adjonction de VP quand la tete est un verbe intransitif. L'adjonction d'un CP a trait a des cas ou une proposition entiere est percue comme un complement au verbe principal. Dans ces cas, C$\sp\circ$ (la tete de ce CP) est occupee par un morpheme specifique caracterise de morpheme de serialisation. Les constructions verbales serielles des langues Gbe ont ete analysees a partir de ces quatre types d'adjonction. Il a fallu d'abord distinguer une serialisation d'une auxiliation qui est le fait qu'un verbe, ordinairement plein, fonctionne dans certains contextes comme auxiliaire. Certaines formes d'adjonction impliquent la presence d'arguments nuls (sujet et objet) dans les constructions verbales serielles. Ces arguments nuls ont ete analyses comme etant de type pro et sont controles obligatoirement par des referents presents dans la phrase. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Migge, Bettina. "Substrate influence in the formation of the Surinamese Plantation Creole : a consideration of sociohistorical data and linguistic data from Ndyuka and Gbe /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487953567769312.

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Marggraf, Ute. "„Gde šči da kaša, tam i mesto naše.“ : Essen und Trinken aus fremdkultureller Perspektive in Vladimir Chotinenkos Film 1612. Chroniki smutnogo vremeni." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6809/.

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Fredriksson, Anncharlotte, and Ramirez Vanessa Mårtensson. "Teacher attitudes and practices regarding the use of digital educational games for student motivation in the English language classroom." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43416.

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The purpose of incorporating digital educational games in educational settings is to engage the students' desire to learn. The aim of the syllabus for upper secondary school, as expressed by Skolverket (2011) is to support the students for lifelong learning and in order to do so, motivation is needed. However, a problematic gap can be found between “games” and “formal education” which are two different concepts which cross paths in this study. One path shows the foundation of the Swedish steering documents, and the other displays the motivational aspects of implementing digital educational games in educational settings. This qualitative research uses questionnaire surveys with structured questions and semi-structured follow-up interviews via email in order to examine to what degree digital educational games can be implemented in the English 6 classroom. It investigates the effectiveness of digital educational games in regard to English teaching and teachers’ attitudes and beliefs. The results display different approaches teachers could take when incorporating digital educational games in their classroom but also show significant factors such as teachers' experiences in the digital classroom. The research concludes that digital educational games can be used to encourage student motivation and in the teaching practices of upper secondary school teachers in Malmö. This is therefore an important area that should be further researched to ensure that teachers receive sufficient guidance and experience for using digital educational games in the English classroom.
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Emerson, Matthew Joel. "GME-MOF an MDA metamodeling environment for GME /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-03092005-150040/.

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Schwiertz, Gabriele [Verfasser]. "Intonation & prosodic structure in Beaver (Athabaskan) : explorations on the language of the Daneẕaa / vorgelegt von Gabriele Schwiertz, geb. Müller." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000849295/34.

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Satchakova, Lioubov. "The role of self-efficacy factors, individual characteristics and WIL participation on accounting near-graduate students’ employment outcomes." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/37823/.

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The issue of graduate employment has long been a focus in research, particularly in accounting education. Increasingly, higher education institutions promote this aspect to help them attract and retain high-quality students and maintain their competitive advantage in the market place. Given its importance, the present research analyses the association between the three self-efficacy factors of the general self-efficacy scale (GSES): initiative, effort and persistence on accounting near-graduate employment outcomes. Currently, no studies in accounting education have analysed this association in this context, so this research constitutes a contribution to the literature. Furthermore, there is limited research on the association of overall general self-efficacy (GSE) with accounting student employment outcomes. In addition to the three-factor GSES structure, the present study also includes students’ individual characteristics (i.e., gender, age, residency, study mode and language), and WIL participation as potential factors impacting near-graduate accounting students’ employment outcomes. Furthermore, the study also examines the potential association between the three factors of the GSES with students’ participation in WIL programs during their degree course. The three-factor self-efficacy construct, based on a trait-like method, was adopted instead of the overall GSES structure, as the former approach enables a deeper analysis of the GSE concept via the employment of separate independent variables. Consequently, the importance of the individual factors and their impact on employment and WIL participation is clearly and distinctively revealed. The study sample consisted of 337 near-graduate accounting students from Victoria University and Swinburne University of Technology, both based in Melbourne, Australia. The research employed logistic regression, as well as Lasso and R-glmulti statistical techniques, to examine the main research questions. In addition, Mann-Whitney U tests and Pearson chi-square tests were conducted to examine the association between accounting students’ individual characteristics (gender, age, residency, study mode and language) and the three factors of GSES (initiative, effort and persistence). The study results indicate that two out of the three GSES factors (specifically, initiative and persistence) showed a significant relationship with the employment outcomes of near-graduate accounting students. The study results also confirmed prior research findings, which found that individual characteristics (i.e., language, study mode, residency and age) were significantly associated with employment outcomes. Furthermore, the results showed no significant association between the three self-efficacy factors and students’ WIL participation. The results of this study provide some important implications for accounting higher education with regard to improving the employment outcomes of accounting near-graduates. These include: (i) developing closer links with industry to improve student familiarity with workplace requirements; (ii) incorporating WIL programs into the accounting curriculum, such as in a professional degree program; (iii) tailoring parts of the curriculum, where possible, in order to improve student self-efficacy; (iv) promoting WIL and providingwider opportunities to access the program; and (v) examining the need for higher education reform to improve international student access to WIL participation during degree courses.
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Books on the topic "Gbe languages"

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Capo, Hounkpati B. C. DÓ LÓ aló ACYANGBE: (Proverbes en Gbe) Proverbs in Gbe. Cape Town, South Africa: Centre for Advanced Sudies of African Society, 2007.

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Afeli, Kossi A. Un processus de lexématisation par alteration phonique et tonale et par ellipse en èwè: Le cas des noms des mois èwè. Cape Town: CASAS, 2007.

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Tchitchi, T. Yaovi. Aspects du foodo et du gbè: Esquisse phonologique et occurences du kù. Cotonou, Benin: Les editions du flamboyant, 1997.

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Tchitchi, T. Yaovi. Aspects du foodo et du gbè: Esquisse phonologique et occurences du kù. Cotonou, Benin: Les editions du flamboyant, 1997.

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author, Sossou Godefroy, and Beavon-Ham Virginia author, eds. Lire et écrire en saxwe̳gbe: Guide pour ceux qui savent lire le français. Cotonou: SIL Bénin et Wycliffe Bénin, 2014.

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Bedou-Jondoh, Edith. L'orthographe harmonisee des langues GBE du Ghana, du Togo, du Benin et du Nigeria. Cape Town: Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society, 2005.

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La syntaxe du gẽ̳: Étude syntaxique d'un parler gbè (ewe) : le gẽ̳ du Sud-Togo. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1989.

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Àmúró, Àd̨ébá. Le nom dans l'Àjǎtádó: Une matrice des fragments d'archive. Cotonou, Bénin: Les Éditions des diasporas, 2020.

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A diáspora Mina: Africanos entre o Golfo do Benim e o Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Nau, 2020.

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Souleymane, Kante. [Samodu gbe Ture]. [Guinea]: [publisher not identified], 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gbe languages"

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Essegbey, James. "Inherent Complement Verbs and the Basic Double Object Construction in Gbe." In Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 177–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3189-1_8.

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Cohen, David A., Martin C. Cooper, Peter G. Jeavons, and Stanislav Živný. "Galois Connections for Patterns: An Algebra of Labelled Graphs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 125–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72308-8_9.

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AbstractA pattern is a generic instance of a binary constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) in which the compatibility of certain pairs of variable-value assignments may be unspecified. The notion of forbidden pattern has led to the discovery of several novel tractable classes for the CSP. However, for this field to come of age it is time for a theoretical study of the algebra of patterns. We present a Galois connection between lattices composed of sets of forbidden patterns and sets of generic instances, and investigate its consequences. We then extend patterns to augmented patterns and exhibit a similar Galois connection. Augmented patterns are a more powerful language than flat (i.e. non-augmented) patterns, as we demonstrate by showing that, for any $$k \ge 1$$ k ≥ 1 , instances with tree-width bounded by k cannot be specified by forbidding a finite set of flat patterns but can be specified by a finite set of augmented patterns. A single finite set of augmented patterns can also describe the class of instances such that each instance has a weak near-unanimity polymorphism of arity k (thus covering all tractable language classes).We investigate the power of forbidding augmented patterns and discuss their potential for describing new tractable classes.
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Fuglestad, Finn. "The Slave Coast." In Slave Traders by Invitation, 21–36. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876104.003.0002.

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Apart from the Yoruba in the east and the north, most people of the Slave Coast spoke the Gbe language. The author briefly touches upon the debate about Gbe ‘language’ or ‘languages’, arguing that the people of the Slave Coast spoke ‘what is basically the same language’. There was considerable ethnic diversity. The region corresponds to the Benin Gap – a savanna-type vegetation in what is basically a rainforest zone. It was, above all, an amphibian region with an abundance of lagoons, lakes, rivers and swamplands.
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Knipe, John M. "Critical Language Pedagogy in Scotland." In Indigenous Language Acquisition, Maintenance, and Loss and Current Language Policies, 21–52. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2959-1.ch002.

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Critical language pedagogy involves addressing the relationships between power, identity, language, and education. In recent decades, there has been an increase in the understanding of the importance of language revitalization, and many minority and endangered language groups are choosing to teach through the medium of non-dominant languages. This qualitative study looks at the role of critical language pedagogy of teachers within the Gaelic Medium Education (GME) system of schooling in Scotland. Following a phenomenological approach, the researcher interviewed three GME teachers about their backgrounds and experiences. Using closed-coding and critical discourse analysis (CDA), a number of themes emerged. All three participants, despite having had limited formal education in the areas of second language acquisition and critical theory, demonstrated an understanding of critical language pedagogy. With GME seeing an increase in enrollment, there is still much to be done in teacher education in Scotland with regard to critical consciousness.
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Suárez-Gómez, Cristina. "English in Gibraltar: Applying the EIF Model to English in Non-Postcolonial Overseas Territories." In Modelling World Englishes, 347–70. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474445863.003.0016.

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The variety of English spoken in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar shares with postcolonial varieties the fact that a new variety of English emerged from a process of language contact. Although GibE has been tentatively placed in the phase ‘Endonormative Stabilization’ of the Dynamic Model, Weston (2011) notes some theoretical problems in its application, given the still non-postcolonial status of Gibraltar. The integrative approach of the EIF Model may constitute a more comprehensive framework for the analysis of the evolution, current status and linguistic forms of GibE (see Buschfeld and Kautzsch 2017: 105). By assessing the local linguistic realities of the territory, this paper attempts to trace the development of English in Gibraltar and the degree of nativization of GibE. It analyzes (i) the political status of Gibraltar, (ii) the population size, (iii) the sociodemographic background (paying special attention to age) and (iv) the coexistence of different languages.
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Lister, Sarah. "Gamifying CLIL." In Handbook of Research on International Approaches and Practices for Gamifying Mathematics, 1–20. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9660-9.ch001.

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This chapter explores the potential of game-based learning (GBL) as a dynamic way to engage and motivate learners, making learning fun and purposeful, drawing upon relevant research from the field. The author will attempt to define game-based learning and explore the capacity of GBL to affect change within educational contexts. It will be argued that GBL resources have the capacity to provide a meaningful and purposeful context for learning, with a particular focus on GBL within a CLIL setting. GBL is a powerful learning environment. The potential of GBL acting as an effective vehicle to promote the learning of mathematics in a setting where the language of instruction is not the first language of learners will be investigated, drawing upon existing research and the work undertaken by the author as part of an Erasmus+ Project, Framing CLIL.
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"'what Is Literacy?: James Paul Gee." In Language and Linguistics in Context, 260–67. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203929124-38.

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Dunmore, Stuart. "Bilingual Life After School? Linguistic Practice and Ideologies in Action." In Language Revitalisation in Gaelic Scotland, 141–54. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474443111.003.0006.

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This final chapter draws together the principal research findings presented in the book, providing a synthesis of key conclusions in respect of the overarching research questions initially outlined in chapter 1. The discussion presented will relate these findings to previously formulated theories of language revitalisation, and the possible role of education in language revitalisation (as addressed in chapters 2–3). The chapter firstly offers a summary of participants’ present-day Gaelic use, before drawing together findings from the qualitative and quantitative analyses of informants’ ideologies and attitudes. Such speaker perceptions are discussed in relation to Gaelic language use, sociocultural identities, and attitudes to GME as an education system generally. Finally, this chapter draws together the principal conclusions of the book’s principal empirical chapters, with a view to assessing how participants’ beliefs, attitudes and ideologies concerning Gaelic impact on language practices, and on likely future prospects for the maintenance of Gaelic in Scotland. A number of recommendations for activists and policymakers attempting to revitalise minority languages internationally are then presented.
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Dunmore, Stuart. "Underlying Language Use: Gaelic Language Ideologies and Attitudes." In Language Revitalisation in Gaelic Scotland, 108–40. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474443111.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the role that participants’ ideological and attitudinal stances play in determining their current language practices. Language practices among former-GME students – both the overall extent and nature of interviewees’ Gaelic use – were demonstrated in the previous chapter to be rather limited among the majority of participants, with past socialisation experiences emerging as a key consideration in interviewee accounts, questionnaire responses, and statistical correlations. Building on that understanding, this chapter presents an analysis of interviewees’ language ideologies with a view to understanding how interviewees’ beliefs and linguistic identities may also influence their language practices. Ideologies are particularly examined in respect of appropriate Gaelic use, the wider Gaelic community, and the perceived relevance of Gaelic for cultural identities. A quantitative perspective is then brought to bear on these considerations using online attitudinal survey data.
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"Moore’s method of appealing to ordinary language." In The Methodology of G.E. Moore, edited by Sal Fratantaro, 19–40. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429443022-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gbe languages"

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Sohn, Kyunghwan, Sunjae Kwon, and Jaesik Choi. "The Global Banking Standards QA Dataset (GBS-QA)." In Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Economics and Natural Language Processing. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.econlp-1.3.

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"Tangible Grammar: Prototyping Playful Physical Tools for Foreign Language Learning." In 13th EuropeanConference on Game Based Learning. ACI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/gbl.20.061.

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"Motivation in Situated Immersive Games for Irish Language Learning, a DBR Approach." In 13th EuropeanConference on Game Based Learning. ACI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/gbl.20.002.

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Li, Kun Hsien, Shi-Jer Lou, Tsai-Feng Cheng, and Huei-Yin Tsai. "Application of Game-based Learning (GBL) on Chinese Language Learning in Elementary School." In 2012 IEEE 4th International Conference on Digital Game and Intelligent Toy Enhanced Learning (DIGITEL 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/digitel.2012.61.

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Niu, Rongliang. "Geography Approach to Translation History Studies: A Brief Analysis on the Translators of GBA in Modern China." In 2022 3rd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange（ICLACE 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220706.138.

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Sládková, Věra. "Grammatical collocations in English exam texts written by Czech secondary-school students." In 9th Brno Conference on Linguistics Studies in English. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0212-2022-8.

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This paper focuses on the frequency and accuracy of five types of grammatical collocations G8E-G8I (Benson et al. 1986) in CZEMATELC, an English language learner corpus (8,338 types; 211,503 tokens) consisting of 1,841 English exam texts from the written part of the national school-leaving exams between 2015 and 2019. The findings reveal the prevalence of A1-A2 CEFR level colligations relying on a limited number of verb lemmas, a wide incorrect pattern variation and preference for patterns which are also the most frequent patterns of their Czech equivalents.
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Noh, Jung-Do, and Hyo-Won Suh. "Layered Product Knowledge Representation and Reasoning With OWL and SWRL." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49720.

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Traditionally, product development process has required knowledge management techniques to capture information and knowledge about design. In the meantime, the necessity for sharing and exchanging not only product data but also semantics of product data has been arisen because of the use of various software tools and product data models in distributed product development environment. The main focus of this research has been on exploiting implicit engineers’ design knowledge by explicitly expressing and sharing the knowledge through terms representing semantics of product data. In particular, it considers that distributed product design data can be semantically integrated by using ontology on which implicit design knowledge can be captured in the form of IF-THEN rule. Thus, in this paper, we use the Web Ontology Language (OWL), which is a Description Logic based ontology language, to represent product data and the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), which is a rule based ontology language, to express design knowledge for car air purifiers in Prote´ge´. Then, this paper shows how OWL product data model and SWRL design knowledge can support design decision making of car air purifiers by their reasoning. In addition, it also demonstrates how SWRL can complement OWL to build product data model as well.
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Folly, Julia Carvalho, Lara Emanuelle Silva Reis, and Stella Maris Lins Terrena. "Guillain-Barré Syndrome due to Covid-19: A Review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.553.

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Background: With the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus spreading, there has been an increase in the dissemination of information relating the infection to neuromuscular involvement. Articles indicate an increase in cases of GuillainBarré Syndrome immediately or a few weeks after infection by the virus. Objectives: The present study aimed to gather the current knowledge disclosed in the literature about the onset of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: The study design was based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), using the Pubmed database, including articles in Portuguese and English language. Results: Articles that indicated an increase in cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome dated to publications in April 2020 of cases analyzed since February of the same year. Histopathological analyses that identified the virus in the central nervous system of patients, associated with the detection of anti-anglioside antibodies of the anti-GM1, anti-GD1a and anti-GD1b types in the patients analyzed, represent important findings about GBS associated with Covid-19. Pro-inflammatory cytokines present in the immune response as a result of SARS-COV-2 have been associated with the triggering of neuronal injury. In patients analyzed we observed the manifestation of symptoms between 5 and 21 days after Covid-19 infection, similar to the reported GBS interval after other viral infections. Conclusion: The clinical pictures of patients affected by Covid-19 suggest an intense possible relating between infection by the new coronavirus and autoimmune neuromuscular conditions. Further studies are needed on this association, which has not yet been clarified.
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Tavares, Gabriel, Saulo Mastelini, and Sylvio Jr. "User Classification on Online Social Networks by Post Frequency." In XIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbsi.2017.6076.

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This paper proposes a technique for classifying user accounts on social networks to detect fraud in Online Social Networks (OSN). The main purpose of our classification is to recognize the patterns of users from Human, Bots or Cyborgs. Classic and consolidated approaches of Text Mining employ textual features from Natural Language Processing (NLP) for classification, but some drawbacks as computational cost, the huge amount of data could rise in real-life scenarios. This work uses an approach based on statistical frequency parameters of the user posting to distinguish the types of users without textual content. We perform the experiment over a Twitter dataset and as learn-based algorithms in classification task we compared Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Using the standard parameters of each algorithm, we achieved accuracy results of 88% and 84% by RF and XGBoost, respectively
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Vollmann, Ralf, and Wooi Soon Tek. "Migration, Language, Identity: The Journey of Meixian Hakkas from Calcutta to Vienna." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.4-3.

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Hakkas from Meizhou who migrated to Calcutta established suc¬cessful businesses, and then, in the 1970s to the 1990s, moved on to settle in Vienna (and Toronto). Prac¬ticing a closed-group life both in Vienna and across continents, the Hakkas preserved their lan¬gua¬ge and culture while adapting both to India and Austria in various ways. In a series of open interviews with Vienna-based Hakkas, questions of identity and the preservation of a minority culture are raised. In dependence to age, the consultants have very different personal identities behind a shared social identity of being ‘Indian Hak¬ka¬s,’ which is, however, mostly borne out of practical considerations of mutual support and certain cultural practices. As mi¬grants, they can profit from close friendship and loyalty between group members, sharing the same pro¬fes¬sions, marrying inside the group, and speaking their own language. Questions of identity are most¬ly relevant for the younger generation which has to deal with a confusingly layered familial iden¬tity.
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Reports on the topic "Gbe languages"

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Rodrigues-Moura, Enrique, and Christina Märzhauser. Renegotiating the subaltern : Female voices in Peixoto’s «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» (Brazil, 1731/1741). Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-57507.

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Out of ~11.000.000 enslaved Africans disembarked in the Americas, ~ 46% were taken to Brazil, where transatlantic slave trade only ended in 1850 (official abolition of slavery in 1888). In the Brazilian inland «capitania» Minas Gerais, slave numbers exploded due to gold mining in the first half of 18th century from 30.000 to nearly 300.000 black inhabitants out of a total ~350.000 in 1786. Due to gender demographics, intimate relations between African women and European men were frequent during Antonio da Costa Peixoto’s lifetime. In 1731/1741, this country clerk in Minas Gerais’ colonial administration, originally from Northern Portugal, completed his 42-page manuscript «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» («New work on the general language of Mina») documenting a variety of Gbe (sub-group of Kwa), one of the many African languages thought to have quickly disappeared in oversea slaveholder colonies. Some of Peixoto’s dialogues show African women who – despite being black and female and therefore usually associated with double subaltern status (see Spivak 1994 «The subaltern cannot speak») – successfully renegotiate their power position in trade. Although Peixoto’s efforts to acquire, describe and promote the «Língua Geral de Mina» can be interpreted as a «white» colonist’s strategy to secure his position through successful control, his dialogues also stress the importance of winning trust and cultivating good relations with members of the local black community. Several dialogues testify a degree of agency by Africans that undermines conventional representations of colonial relations, including a woman who enforces her «no credit» policy for her services, as shown above. Historical research on African and Afro-descendant women in Minas Gerais documents that some did not only manage to free themselves from slavery but even acquired considerable wealth.
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