Relevant bibliographies by topics / GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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Kataev, S. S., O. N. Dvorskaya, M. A. Gofenberg, A. V. Labutin, and A. B. Melentyev. "ANALYTICAL FEATURES OF SYNTHETIC MDMB(N)-073F CANNABIMIMETICS AND ITS MARKERS IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 7, no. 4 (September 10, 2019): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2019-7-4-184-197.

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The aim of the research is to study both analytical features of synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics of indazole carboxamides group by gas chromatography methods combined with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) as well as characteristics of the major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite, its glucuronide and derivatives, using gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric (GC-MS) detection and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with MS/MS mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in urine samples to be applied in expert practice, chemical-toxicological and forensic and chemical analyses.Materials and methods. To carry out the study, the following materials were used: plant-based objects with narcotic drugs withdrawn from illegal trafficking and applied to them;. urine samples to be studied under chemical-toxicological and forensic and chemical analyses. For solid-phase epitaxy, SampliQ EVIDEX TFE cartridges – 200 mg – 3 ml (Agilent, USA) were used for sample preparation; β-glucuronidase, Type HP-2, From Helix Pomatia, 100000 UA/ml (Sigma-ALDRICH CHEMI, Germany) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis. GC-MS/MS analysis was made using Agilent 7890 gas chromatograph with a tandem quadrupolar mass-spectrometer Agilent 7000 (Agilent, США); GC-MS analysis was carrid out using gas chromatograph Agilent 7820 with mass-selective detector Agilent 5975 (Agilent, USA); HPLC-HRMS research was made on liquid chromatograph Agilent 1260 with tandem hybrid high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight detector Agilent 6540 (Agilent, США); liquid chromatograph Agilent 1260 with Agilent 6460 (Agilent, USA) with tandem mass-spectrometer were used for making HPLC-MS/MS research.Results. The structure of MDMB(N)-073F compound has been confirmed and an exact mass of the protonated molecule corresponding to the chemical formula C19H27FN3O3 fixed by GC-MS/MS and HPLC-HRMS methods. Spectral characteristics of MDMB(N)-073F have been given. One of the branches in MDMB(N)-073F biotransformation in the human body found out by GC-MS and HPLC-MS/MS methods, is the ester decomposition with further conjugation of the resulting acid. The product interacting with glucuronic acid, is found to be the conjugate of major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite of the Ist phase in biotransformation. Metabolites appearing due to the ester decomposition and its conjugate with glucuronic acid, are recommended to be used as markers for synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics in the analysis by chromatographic methods; they can be used for regular screening of biological samples.Conclusion. The research results presented here, are the following: the analytical features characteristic for synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics found out by gas chromatography methods combined with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/ MS) and liquid chromatography of hybrid high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS), as well as characteristics of major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite, its glucuronide and derivatives with the use of gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in urine samples to be applied in expert practice, chemical-toxicological, forensic and chemical analyses.
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Smyrl, N. R., D. M. Hembree, W. E. Davis, D. M. Williams, and J. C. Vance. "Simultaneous GC-FT-IR/GC-MS Analysis for Isomer-Specific Identification and Quantitation of Complex Mixture Components." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 2 (February 1992): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125636.

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The construction and capabilities of a new instrument combining infrared and mass spectrometry to simultaneously examine the effluent from a single capillary column gas chromatographic injection are described. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is performed in the conventional manner. However, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) portion of the instrument employs a new sampling method involving low-temperature trapping of the effluent from the gas chromatograph. The mass spectrometer was over two orders of magnitude more sensitive (161 fg detection limit for naphthalene) than the infrared (40 pg). The qualitative capabilities of infrared spectrometry, particularly when isomerspecific identifications are necessary, are shown to be highly complementary to the usual GC-MS method for analyzing complex mixtures
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Caragea, Genica, Mihail Tudosie, Radu Macovei, Ilenuţa Danescu, and Mihai Ionică. "Medical applications of the GC/MS method in the acute intoxication with dimethoate – clinical case." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 121, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2018.121.2.8.

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Abstract: Mass spectrometry is a chemical analytical method of determining organic substances by comparing their mass spectrum with mass spectra found in system libraries. In the case of biological products, substances of interest, like organophosphorus compounds, must be separated and identified for rapid and good medical measures (antidotism procedures) in acute intoxication case. A gas chromatograph coupled with a Varian mass spectrometer (GC-MS), was used to develop the application. The proposed objective is presenting the medical applicability in acute organophosphorus compounds intoxication management of the GC/MS method (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) as a separation and identification method for these compounds and their metabolites in urine samples.
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Donnelly, J. R., G. W. Sovocool, and R. K. Mitchum. "Ion Abundance Criteria for Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Environmental Analysis." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 2 (March 1, 1988): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.2.434.

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Abstract Mass and intensity calibration of gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) responses is an important quality assurance issue for chemical analysis. Ion abundance calibration with decafluorotriphenylphosphine (DFTPP) was applied in 1975 to standardize quadrupole spectra to resemble the ion abundances that were obtainable from magnetic sector mass spectrometers. Modern <j uadrupole mass spectrometers provide significantly greater high-mass sensitivity than allowed under the 1975 study. Thus, those recommendations were reevaluated with 2 approaches. First, an interlaboratory study was conducted using 15 different gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) systems. Second, the U.S. Environmental I'rotection Agency Contract Laboratory Program (EPA-CLP) quality assurance data base was searched and over 6500 DFTPP tune results were plotted and evaluated. Based on these approaches, updated ion abundance criteria recommendations have been developed, which contemporary instruments can meet, and which meet data quality objectives regarding identification and quantitative analysis of analytes.
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S M, Dhivya, and Kalaichelvi K. "PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF SARCOSTEMMA BREVISTIGMA, WIGHT & ARN." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16538.

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ABSTRACTObjective: To explore the phytochemical constituents present in Sarcostemma brevistigma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of secondary metabolites was made by following standard procedures. GC-MS analysis of the plantextracts was performed by using GC-MS equipped with a DB-35MS capillary standard non-polar column and gas chromatograph interfaced to a MassSelective Detector (MS-DSQ-II) with Xcalibur software.Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis of this species exhibited the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, aminoacids, tannins, terpenoids, quinones, and coumarin. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 24 compounds in the ethanolic extract of aerial partof Sarcostemma brevistigma. The most prevailing compound was 14,17 bis(dimethylaminoamino)[3.3]paracyclophan-5,8-diacetonitrile (14.86%).Conclusion: The study concludes that the species Sarcostemma brevistigma is a potential source for bioactive compounds such as esters, alkanes,alcohols, alkenes, amide, amine, phenol, ketone, and so forth. This study justifies the traditional usage of this species.Keywords: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Sarcostemma brevistigma, Phytochemical compounds, Medicinal plants.
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Lehner, Andreas, Margaret Johnson, Alan Zimmerman, Justin Zyskowski, and John Buchweitz. "Vitamin D analyses in veterinary feeds by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 27, no. 1 (February 2021): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14690667211000244.

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This report examines the feasibility of determination of Vitamin D3, D2 and their 25-hydroxy metabolites utilizing Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) as a potential alternative to popular Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) methodologies. The GC/MS/MS approach was found to operate reasonably well despite long-standing concerns that gas-liquid chromatography of vitamin D compounds invoke thermal rearrangements owing to the relatively high inlet and capillary column temperatures used. The workup procedure involved incubation of feed samples with concentrated potassium hydroxide for overnight fat saponification, extraction of D Vitamins in n-hexane and reaction with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide at 70 °C for 30 mins. In addition to parent compounds, small amounts of pyro-, isopyro-, and iso-vitamin D and isotachysterol3 variants were obtained from each Vitamin D-related compound upon extraction and GC/MS/MS analysis. Mass spectral and chromatographic behavior of these compounds are herein described and interpreted. Multiple Reaction Monitoring settings on GC/MS/MS included m/z 456→351 for Vitamin D3 and m/z 486→363 for Vitamin D2. Trimethylsilylation enabled single predominant peaks for Vitamins D3 and D2, and sample workup in the presence of deuterated Vitamin D analogs enabled accurate and precise sensitivity to 1 ppb (ng/g) in feeds. The method could be extended with reasonable accuracy to 25-hydroxy (25OH) compounds, but accuracies would be significantly improved by inclusion of respective 25OH-specific deuterated internal standards. The method was applied to 27 submissions of suspect dog foods of which 22% were discovered elevated and 44% were discovered to contain toxic levels of Vitamin D3. The described method was thus discovered to provide a suitable mass spectrometric approach for Vitamin D, proving itself here specifically of value in detection of ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol in animal feeds. The specificity and sensitivity of the tandem quadrupole approach can enable suitable applicability to serum determination if desired.
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Braselton, W. Emmett, and Malgorzata Johnson. "Thin Layer Chromatography Convulsant Screen Extended by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 15, no. 1 (January 2003): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870301500109.

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Acute onset convulsive disorders in the canine may result from exposure to a variety of toxicants including strychnine, insecticides, metaldehyde, zinc phosphide, methylxanthines, drugs of abuse, bromethalin, and the tremorgenic mycotoxins (roquefortine and penitrem A). Although several of the above can be identified in a single gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screen most have to be determined by separate tests. This report describes a modification of the strychnine extraction procedure, which allows thin layer chromatographic (TLC) identification of strychnine, bromethalin, roquefortine, and penitrem A in suspect baits, stomach contents or vomitus, and extends the identification to a wide variety of drugs, pesticides, and environmental contaminants by GC-MS. Samples were mixed with base, extracted into CH2Cl2 and the organic fraction back-extracted with acid. The organic fraction (neutrals) was purified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and analyzed by TLC to determine penitrem A and bromethalin. The acidic aqueous fraction was adjusted to pH > 9 and extracted into CH2Cl2. The resulting CH2Cl2 layer (bases) was then analyzed by TLC to determine strychnine and roquefortine. The organic basic and neutral fractions were recombined with a late eluting GPC fraction and analyzed by GC-MS. Of 312 samples analyzed by TLC from 1995 to 2001, 35 were positive for strychnine alone, 58 were positive for both roquefortine and penitrem A, 4 were positive for roquefortine alone, and 1 was positive for bromethalin. None of the samples were positive for penitrem A alone. Samples negative by TLC were analyzed by the GC-MS extended procedure since mid-1999, and 14 have shown positive for a wide variety of compounds with convulsant activity.
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Ubbink, Johan B., Rhena Delport, Reiner Riezler, and WJ Hayward Vermaak. "Comparison of Three Different Plasma Homocysteine Assays with Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.5.670.

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Abstract Background: Various methods are available to measure plasma total homocyst(e)ine (tHcy) concentrations, but whether plasma tHcy assays may be used interchangeably is not known. Methods: Results from three different methods [HPLC with fluorescence detection, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA)] to determine fasting (n = 163) and post-methionine load (n = 80) plasma tHcy concentrations were compared with those obtained by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Difference plots on non-transformed and log-transformed data were used to assess the agreement between HPLC and GC-MS, EIA and GC-MS, and FPIA and GC-MS. Results: The closest agreement between methods was observed between GC-MS and FPIA for fasting tHcy concentrations, with 95% of the FPIA values between 19% above and 24% below the corresponding GC-MS results. Post-methionine load tHcy concentrations measured by EIA showed the least agreement with GC-MS, with 95% of values measured by EIA ranging between 52% above and 16% below the GC-MS values. With respect to GC-MS, the above-mentioned methods showed a negative bias for fasting tHcy concentrations, but a positive bias for both immunoassays for post-methionine load tHcy concentrations. Conclusions: The agreement among methods is insufficient to allow them to be used interchangeably. The intermethod differences emphasize the need for standardization of plasma tHcy assays.
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Chun, Sechul, Manikandan Muthu, and Judy Gopal. "Mass Spectrometry as an Analytical Tool for Detection of Microplastics in the Environment." Chemosensors 10, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10120530.

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Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm accumulate in aqueous, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments and their discovery has been a serious concern when it comes to eco-toxicology and human health risk assessment. In the following review, the potential of mass spectrometry (MS) for the detection of microplastic (MP) pollutants has been elaborately reviewed. The use of various mass spectrometric techniques ranging from gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric (LC-MS) to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), including their variants, have been reviewed. The lapses in the detection system have been addressed and future recommendations proposed. The challenges facing microplastics and their detection have been discussed and future directions, including mitigation methods, have been presented.
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C, Yogeshwari, and Kumudha P. "PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF TILIACORA RACEMOSA COLEBR. USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY - MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS)." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i2.23361.

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Objective:The objective of this study is to characterize the phytoconstituents of Tiliacora racemosa Colebr. using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Methods: Preliminary phytochemical and physicochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedures. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract was carried out using Thermo GC-Trace Ultra version: 5.0, Thermo MS DSQ with a DB 35MS capillary standard non-polar column and gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass selective detector (MS DSQ II) with Xcalibur software.Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, steroids, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, saponins and coumarin. Quinones, anthraquinones, glycosides and fixed oil were absent. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 28 compounds of which quinic acid (retention times [RT]: 15.65) and inositol, 1-deoxy-(CAS) (RT: 19.24) was observed as abundant compounds.Conclusion: The presence of various bioactive compounds confirms the medicinal importance and it’s application for curing various diseases by traditional practitioners. However, isolation and characterization of potential bioactive compounds would lead to drug formulation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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Asres, Daniel Derbie. "Characterization of carbohydrates using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0001/MQ41677.pdf.

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Lu, Yao. "Forensic Applications of Gas Chromatography-Differential Mobility Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, and Ion Mobility Spectrometry with Chemometric Analysis." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1267816777.

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De, Vos Betty-Jayne. "Gas chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-MS and GC-MS-MS) - for arson debris analysis." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02082006-160506.

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Milo, John A. "Quantitation of Halogenated Anisoles in Wine via SPME – GC/MS." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1230924488.

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Skinner, Michael A. "Hapsite® gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) variability assessment /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Skinner2005.pdf.

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Zhai, Lailiang. "Gas Chromatography: Mass Spectrometry of Chemical Agents and Related Interferents." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1266.pdf.

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Christison, Krege Matthew. "Exploring the Molecular Origin of Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidative Deposition Through Statistical Analysis of Mass Spectral Data and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry of Deposits." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3639.

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ASTM D3241 (Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels) measures the thermal oxidative stability of jet fuels under elevated temperature and pressure conditions. When jet fuels fail ASTM D3241, either at the refinery or in the distribution system, there can be supply disruptions and financial losses. Understanding the causes of poor thermal oxidative stability in jet fuels could help prevent or mitigate issues. In order to develop a deeper understanding of the molecular precursors that lead to ASTM D3241 failures, a number of analytical methodologies and data treatment techniques have been developed, applied, and reported here. Statistical analysis of LC/MS ESI data from jet fuels with varying thermal oxidative stabilities allows for the identification of molecules that are significant to ASTM D3241 failures. Differential statistical analysis of LC/MS ESI data from jet fuels before and after thermal oxidative stressing in a QCM reactor elucidates which significant molecules are being consumed during oxidation and which molecules are increasing in abundance. The analysis of thermal oxidative deposits that form during thermal oxidative stressing in the QCM reactor allows for the insight into the molecular components of the deposits. Attapulgus clay removes the polar molecules that lead to thermal oxidative stability issues in the refinery. Extraction of Attapulgus clay that has been used in a refinery to filter jet fuel with a series of solvents removes the polar molecules into a series of fractions. The subsequent analysis of the fractions by comprehensive GCxGC/MS leads to the identification of the different homologous series of molecules that are removed by the clay. The analyses developed and employed here are shown to be particularly useful for the analysis of trace polar nitrogen and oxygen containing molecules. Similar homologous series of molecules are identified across all of the different analyses. It is also clear from some of the analyses, along with previously reported data in the literature, that reactive sulfur-containing molecules are significant to poor thermal oxidative stability as measured by ASTM D3241 and to the formation of thermal oxidative deposits. There is still an opportunity to find methodologies to better characterize the sulfur species present and correlate them to the data that is reported here.
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Li, Xifeng. "Removal of warmed-over flavor using absorbent and pattern recognition analysis of overall flavors by SPME-GC/MS-MVA /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426082.

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Nezami, Ranjbar Mohammad Rasoul. "Novel Preprocessing and Normalization Methods for Analysis of GC/LC-MS Data." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73499.

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We introduce new methods for preprocessing and normalization of data acquired by gas/liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/LC-MS). Normalization is desired prior to subsequent statistical analysis to adjust variabilities in ion intensities that are not caused by biological differences. There are different sources of experimental bias including variabilities in sample collection, sample storage, poor experimental design, noise, etc. Also, instrument variability in experiments involving a large number of runs leads to a significant drift in intensity measurements. We propose new normalization methods based on bootstrapping, Gaussian process regression, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), and Bayesian hierarchical models. These methods model the bias by borrowing information across runs and features. Another novel aspect is utilizing scan-level data to improve the accuracy of quantification. We evaluated the performance of our method using simulated and experimental data. In comparison with several existing methods, the proposed methods yielded significant improvement. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is one of the technologies widely used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of small molecules. In particular, GC coupled to single quadrupole MS can be utilized for targeted analysis by selected ion monitoring (SIM). However, to our knowledge, there are no software tools specifically designed for analysis of GS-SIM-MS data. We introduce SIMAT, a new R package for quantitative analysis of the levels of targeted analytes. SIMAT provides guidance in choosing fragments for a list of targets. This is accomplished through an optimization algorithm that has the capability to select the most appropriate fragments from overlapping peaks based on a pre-specified library of background analytes. The tool also allows visualization of the total ion chromatogram (TIC) of runs and extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) of analytes of interest. Moreover, retention index (RI) calibration can be performed and raw GC-SIM-MS data can be imported in netCDF or NIST mass spectral library (MSL) formats. We evaluated the performance of SIMAT using several experimental data sets. Our results demonstrate that SIMAT performs better than AMDIS and MetaboliteDetector in terms of finding the correct targets in the acquired GC-SIM-MS data and estimating their relative levels.
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Ofori, Hayford. "Characterisation of sandalwood essential oils using high performance thin-layer chromatography and high resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2326.

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Sandalwood essential oil is extensively used in perfumes, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. The unique woody aroma of sandalwood essential oil is produced by (Z)-α-santalol and (Z)-β-santalol and these two compounds influence the oil quality. Variation in sesquiterpene composition and oil yield have been observed both within and across Santalum species. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is a technique commonly used to identify and quantify sesquiterpene compounds in sandalwood essential oils. High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) has yet to be fully explored as an alternative to GC-MS in authenticating sandalwood essential oils of different species. In this study, sandalwood essential oils were characterised using HPTLC and high resolution GC-MS. The potential of HPTLC to identify differences in sandalwood essential oils of Santalum album, Santalum spicatum, Santalum austrocaledonicum, Santalum paniculatum, Santalum lanceolatum and a natural substitute for sandalwood, Osyris lanceolata, was explored. Variation was observed in the profile of bands and peak intensity profiles of the essential oils with some bands being unique to the individual species. The potential of HPTLC fingerprinting as a quality control tool in identifying differences in sandalwood essential oils was demonstrated (Study I). Study I was limited to a maximum of five oils for each species studied. The natural variability was likely not captured for such a small sample size. The potential of HPTLC to generate a sandalwood profile that better represents Santalum album, Santalum spicatum, Santalum austrocaledonicum and Santalum paniculatum was explored. Santalum spicatum could confidently be distinguished from other species with a distinctive pink band at RF 0.71 and unique peak intensities at RF 0.28, 0.45 and 0.47. Santalum album and Santalum paniculatum could easily be distinguished from each other with distinctive peak intensities at RF 0.51 and 0.17 respectively. The intense peak at RF 0.09 displayed by Santalum austrocaledonicum distinguished it from Santalum album, and Santalum paniculatum but not Santalum spicatum (Study II). An ultrasonication extraction method was optimised for extraction of essential oil from Western Australia sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) using n-hexane, isopropanol, and n-hexane/isopropanol (50:50, v/v) for different extraction times. Oil yield was moderately influenced by solvent, particle size and extraction time. Extracting for 30 minutes with particle size 250µm-500µm using n-hexane gave the highest oil yield and santalol content. The santalol content achieved in Santalum spicatum extract was influenced by particle size and solvent (Study III). The optimised method in Study III was moderately modified and successively applied to extract oil from 340 milled heartwoods of Santalum spicatum. GC-MS analysis was performed on oil extracts. Variation in sesquiterpene composition of 340 heartwood oil extracts of Santalum spicatum sampled from 19 locations across five regions in Western Australia was explored. Variation was observed in sesquiterpene composition, and oil yield both across and within all five regions. Heartwood oil extracts from trees in the north obtained higher oil yield and santalol content when compared to oil extracts from trees in the south. Interestingly, one oil extract of S. spicatum met the ISO specification of 90% combined α-santalol and β-santalol in Santalum album, obtaining 67.47% α-santalol and 22.92% β-santalol (Study IV).
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Books on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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McMaster, Marvin. GC/MS. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008.

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Christopher, McMaster, ed. GC/MS: A practical user's guide. New York: Wiley, 1998.

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Hübschmann, Hans-Joachim. Handbook of GC/MS: Fundamentals and applications. 2nd ed. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Handbook of GC/MS: Fundamentals and applications. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2001.

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Oehme, Michael. Pratical introduction to GC-MS analysis with quadrupoles. Edited by Dünges Wolfgang. Hüthig: Heidelberg, 1999.

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Yancey, M. F. Capillary column GC-MS determination of 77 purgeable organic compounds in two simulated liquid wastes. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, 1988.

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Yancey, M. F. Capillary column GC-MS determination of 77 purgeable organic compounds in two simulated liquid wastes. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, 1988.

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Yancey, M. F. Capillary column GC-MS determination of 77 purgeable organic compounds in two simulated liquid wastes. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, 1988.

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Yancey, M. F. Capillary column GC-MS determination of 77 purgeable organic compounds in two simulated liquid wastes. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, 1988.

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Yancey, M. F. Capillary column GC-MS determination of 77 purgeable organic compounds in two simulated liquid wastes. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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Rivier, L. "GC-MS of Auxins." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 146–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_8.

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Witte, L. "GC-MS Methods for Terpenoids." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 134–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_7.

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Kodama, H. "GC-MS Methods for Tobacco Constituents." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 277–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_12.

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Combaut, G. "GC-MS of Plant Sterol Analysis." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 121–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_6.

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Palni, L. M. S., S. A. B. Tay, and J. K. MacLeod. "GC-MS Methods for Cytokinins and Metabolites." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 214–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_10.

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Kameoka, H. "GC-MS Method for Volatile Flavor Components of Foods." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 254–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_11.

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Nyberg, H. "GC-MS Methods for Lower Plant Glycolipid Fatty Acids." In Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 67–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82612-2_4.

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Medeiros, Patricia M. "Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_159-1.

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Medeiros, Patricia M. "Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS)." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 530–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_159.

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Shillito, Lisa-Marie. "Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)." In Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology, 399–401. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118941065.ch37.

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Conference papers on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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Oizumi, Hiroaki, Kazuyuki Matsumaro, Julius Santillan, and Toshiro Itani. "Evaluations of EUV resist outgassing by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)." In SPIE Advanced Lithography, edited by Bruno M. La Fontaine. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.846269.

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Basa, E. L. U., H. Julendra, A. Abinawanto, A. Sofyan, and A. Sophian. "Analysis of organic acids from Lactobacillus plantarum with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CURRENT PROGRESS IN MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCES (ISCPMS2018). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5132522.

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Ying, Lee Chai, and Lim Koo Foong. "Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) application in back end semiconductor: Chemical cleaning efficiency assessment." In 2016 IEEE 18th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference (EPTC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eptc.2016.7861503.

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Nur Aidha, Novi, Retno Yunilawati, and Irma Rumondang. "Method Development for Analysis of Essential Oils Authenticity using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)." In 2nd International Conference of Essential Oil Indonesia. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009956000410046.

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Jafary, Hanieh, and Mohammad reza Kamali. "Oil to Oil Correlation Studies in Marun and Kupal Oilfields (SW of Iran) Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS/MS)." In GEO 2010. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.248.364.

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McGrath, Thomas, Adrian Covaci, Els Van Hoeck, Franck Limonier, Giulia Poma, Jasper Bombeke, Kevin Vanneste, Laure Joly, Mirjana Andjelkovic, and Raf Winand. "Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) approaches for analysis of chlorinated paraffins in edible fats and oils." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/wycg9726.

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Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are high production volume chemicals composed of complex mixtures of thousands of compounds that have been applied widely as flame retardants and plasticizers. CPs have demonstrated toxic and bioaccumulative properties, while evidence suggests dietary intake to constitute a major pathway for human exposure. This study reports on the optimization and validation of an analytical method for the quantification of short- and medium-chained CPs (SCCPs and MCCPs, respectively) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in fats and oils, and the development of liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) methods for investigation of long chain CP (LCCP) occurrence. Extraction was performed by ultrasonication in n-hexane and dichloromethane followed by sulphuric acid and acidified silica cleanup and fractionation on neutral silica to remove potentially interfering organohalogen contaminants. Quantification of GC-MS results using a chlorine-content calibration procedure was assessed via repeated analysis (n=3) of olive oil fortified with SCCP and MCCP technical mixtures at two concentration levels and spiked lard samples from a recent European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) interlaboratory study. The average accuracy ranged from 76 to 126% in the olive oil samples and from 57 to 150% in fortified lard, meeting the EURLs acceptability criteria for all tests, while the precision was < 15%. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by analysis of 26 fats and oil samples purchased in Belgium. SCCPs were detected in 31% of samples, ranging < LOQ to 19 ng/g, and MCCPs were present in 85%, ranging < LOQ to 190 ng/g. Each of four samples selected for homologue profiling by LC-HRMS were also found to contain LCCPs. This research demonstrates reliable methods for CP analysis in fats and oils and highlights the potential for contamination of these products by CPs. Fats and oils appear to be substantial contributors to overall human exposure to CPs.
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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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Jarassova, Tolganay, and Mehmet Altunsoy. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Core Samples from Central Primorsk-Emba Province, Precaspian Basin, Kazakhstan." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207044-ms.

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Abstract The Primorsk-Emba province is one of the main oil and gas region of the Precaspian basin. The resources of the Primorsk-Emba oil and gas region range from 5 to 12 billion tons of oil and from 2 to 6 trillion m³ of natural gas. This study primarily concentrates on investigating the organic geochemistry and petroleum geology characteristics of sedimentary units that generated oil in the central Primorsk-Emba province. 20 core samples taken from the Jurassic units in the western part of the study area are characterized by organic matter amount, hydrocarbon production potential, type of organic matter, maturity of organic matter. According to the Rock-Eval results Jurassic aged rocks generally have a petroleum potential ranging from weak to excellent, the organic matter is between Type II (oil prone), Type II-III (gas-oil prone) and Type III (gas prone), and the degree of maturation is immature-mature stage. Oil extracts were characterized by geochemical methods including Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). n-alkanes and isoprenoids were evaluated by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography (GC-HR), aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Low Thermal Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-LTM), terpanes (hopanes), steranes / diasteranes and aromatic hydrocarbons were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC and GC-MS data obtained, it has been determined whether the paleoenvironment characteristics of the study area, hydrocarbon potential, type of kerogen, maturity level of organic matter and whether it is affected by biodegradation. Distribution of n-alkanes in the GC showed that no biodegradation was observed in analyzed samples, source rock deposited in a marine environment under reducing conditions and an organic matter that occurred were generated by marine carbonates. Based on maturity parameters, studied oils are mature and located on the oil generation window. According to biomarker age parameters C28 / C29 and norcholestane (NCR)/nordiacholestane (NDR) samples are generally Mesozoic (Triassic-Jurassic- Cretaceous) origin, nevertheless there are also levels corresponding to the Paleozoic (Permian) late stages.
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Dobrescu, Manuela, Mirela Zorio, and Mihai Ionica. "Gas-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of glycerol in human urine samples." In Advanced Topics in Optoelectronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnologies IX, edited by Ionica Cristea, Marian Vladescu, and Razvan D. Tamas. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2324708.

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Blebea, Nicoleta Mirela, and Simona Negreș. "METHODS FOR QUANTIFICATION OF THE MAIN CANNABINOIDS IN CBD OIL." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/13.

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Cannabidiol (CBD) is an alkaloid present in Cannabis sativa, together with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and more than 120 other substances belonging to a group of compounds named cannabinoids. Due to the continuous increased usage of CBD oils, it became necessary to be developed efficient methods for the identification of its compounds and especially for the characterization of the cannabinoids from the commercial specimens. Cannabinoids may be detected by many and different analytical methods, including immunoassays (EMIT®, Elisa, fluorescent polarization, radioimmunotest), techniques of flat chromatography: classic thin layer chromatography (TLC), optimum performance laminar chromatography (OPLC) and multiple development automatization (AMD), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Ultraviolet signal (UV) is used for the quantification of major cannabinoids and the mass spectrometer is used for the quantification of minor cannabinoids. The purpose of this study was to compare the performances of TLC, Ultra High-Performance Liquid chromatography with Photodiode Array Detection (UHPLC with PDA) and LC-MS/ MS technique for the qualitative and quantitative determination of cannabinoids in 3 commercial oils with CBD. Having in view that CBD may be found in many forms of oils, on the legal market of the internet, we believe that the development of a method for the qualitative and quantitative determination may be an interesting subject for the pharmaceutical professional persons.
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Reports on the topic "GC/MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry)"

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Smith, Jonell, Michael White, Robert Bernstein, and James Hochrein. Identification of volatile butyl rubber thermal-oxidative degradation products by cryofocusing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (cryo-GC/MS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1093689.

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Christensen, Earl, Jack Ferrell, Mariefel V. Olarte, and Asanga B. Padmaperuma. Quantification of Semi-Volatile Oxygenated Components of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1241093.

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Amirav, Aviv, and Steven Lehotay. Fast Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695851.bard.

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The overall theme of this project was to increase the speed of analysis for monitoring pesticide residues in food. Traditionally, analytical methods for multiple pesticides are time-consuming, expensive, laborious, wasteful, and ineffective to meet critical needs related to food safety. Faster and better methods were needed to provide more cost-effective detection of chemical contaminants, and thus provide a variety of benefits to agriculture. This overarching goal to speed and improve pesticide analysis was successfully accomplished even beyond what was originally proposed by the investigators in 1998. At that time, the main objectives of this project were: 1) to further develop a direct sample introduction (DSI) device that enables fast sampling and introduction of blended-only agricultural products for analysis by gas chromatography (GC); 2) to evaluate, establish, and further develop the method of simultaneous pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection for enhanced pesticide identification capabilities; and 3) to develop a new and novel MS pesticide analysis method, based on the use of supersonic molecular beams (SMB) for sampling and ionization. The first and third objectives were successfully accomplished as proposed, and the feasibility of the second objective was already demonstrated. The capabilities of the GC/SMB-MS approach alone were so useful for pesticide analysis that the simultaneous use of a PFPD was considered superfluous. Instead, the PFPD was investigated in combination with an electron-capture detector for low-cost, simultaneous analysis of organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides in fatty foods. Three important, novel research projects not originally described in the proposal were also accomplished: 1) development of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method for pesticides in foods; 2) development and optimization of a method using low-pressure (LP) GC/MS to speed pesticide residue analysis; and 3) innovative application of analyte protectants to improve the GC analysis of important problematic pesticides. All of the accomplishments from this project are expected to have strong impact to the analytical community and implications to agriculture and food safety. For one, an automated DSI approach has become commercially available in combination with GC/MS for the analysis of pesticide residues. Meanwhile, the PFPD has become the selective detector of choice for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides. Great strides were made in SMB-MS through the manufacture of a prototype "Supersonic GC/MS" instrument, which displayed many advantages over commercial GC/MS instruments. Most notably, the QuEChERS method is already being disseminated to routine monitoring labs and has shown great promise to improve pesticide analytical capabilities and increase lab productivity. The implications of these developments to agriculture will be to increase the percentage of food monitored and the scope of residues detected in the food, which will serve to improve food safety. Developed and developing countries alike will be able to use these methods to lower costs and improve results, thus imported/exported food products will have better quality without affecting price or availability. This will help increase trade between nations and mitigate certain disputes over residue levels in imported foods. The improved enforcement of permissible residue levels provided by these methods will have the effect to promote good agricultural practices among previously obstinate farmers who felt no repercussions from illegal or harmful practices. Furthermore, the methods developed can be used in the field to analyze samples quickly and effectively, or to screen for high levels of dangerous chemicals that may intentionally or accidentally appear in the food supply.
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Skinner, Michael A. HAPSITE (registered trademark) Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) Variability Assessment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1014554.

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Tappan, D. V., and E. Heyder. A GC/MS (Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric) Analysis for Trimethylolpropane Phosphate on Aircraft Hoses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198977.

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Mulcahy, H., and C. Koester. Experiments with the LECO Pegasus Gas Chromatograph/ Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Phase 1: Fast GC Separations and Comparison of the GC/TOF-MS with Conventional Quadrupole GC/MS and Fast Quadrupole GC/MS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1056608.

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Naim, Michael, Gary R. Takeoka, Haim D. Rabinowitch, and Ron G. Buttery. Identification of Impact Aroma Compounds in Tomato: Implications to New Hybrids with Improved Acceptance through Sensory, Chemical, Breeding and Agrotechnical Techniques. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585204.bard.

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The tomato, a profitable vegetable crop in both the USA and Israel, has benefited significantly from intensive breeding efforts in both countries, and elsewhere (esp. Holland). : Modem hybrids are highly prolific and resistant to a variety of major pests. They produce attractive, firm fruit for both processing and fresh-marketing. In all cases, however, reduction in flavor and aroma have occurred concomitantly with the increase in yield. Sugars-acids ratio dominate fruit taste, whereas aroma volatiles (potent at minute ppb and ppt levels) contribute to the total characteristic tomato flavor. An increase in sugars (1-2%) contributes significantly to tomato fruit taste. However, because of energy reasons, an increase in fruit sugars is immediately compensated for by a decrease in yield. Our main objectives were to: (a) pinpoint and identify the major impact aroma components of fresh tomato; (b) study the genetic and environmental effects on fruit aroma; (c) determine precursors of appealing (flavors) and repelling (off-flavors) aroma compounds in tomato. Addition of saturated salts blocked all enzymatic activities prior to isolation of volatiles by dynamic and static headspace, using solvent assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) from highly favored (FA-612 and FA-624) and less preferred (R 144 and R 175) tomato genotypes. Impact aroma components were determined by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- MS) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). The potent odorant (Z)-1,5-octadien-3-one, was identified for the first time in fresh tomato. From the ca. 400 volatile compounds in the headspace of fresh tomato, the following compounds are proposed to be impact aroma compounds: (Z)-3-hexenal, hexanal, 1-penten-3-one, 2-phenylethanol, (E)-2-hexenal, phenyl acetaldehyde, b-ionone, b-damascenone, 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-(2H)-furanone (FuraneolR), (Z)-l,5-octadien-3-one, methional, 1-octen-3-one, guaiacol, (E,E)- and (E,Z)- 2,4-decadienal and trans- and cis-4,5-EPOXY -(E)-2-decenal. This confirms the initial hypothesis that only a small number of volatiles actually contribute to the sensation of fruit aroma. Tomato matrix significantly affected the volatility of certain impact aroma components and thus led to the conclusion that direct analysis of molecules in the headspace . may best represent access of tomato volatiles to the olfactory receptors. Significant differences in certain odorants were found between preferred and less-preferred cultivars. Higher consumer preference was correlated with higher concentrations of the following odorants: l-penten-3-one, (Z)-3-hexenal, (E,E)- and (E,Z)-2,4-decadienal and especially Furaneol, whereas lower consumer preference was associated with higher concentrations of methional, 3-methylbutyric acid, phenylacetaldehyde, 2-phenylethanol, and 2-isobutylthiazole. Among environmental factors (salinity, N source, growth temperature), temperature had significant effects on the content of selected aroma compounds (e.g., 3-methylbutanal, 1- penten-3-one, hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, 2-isobutylthiazole, 6-methyl-5-hepten- 2-one, 1-octen-3-one, methional, 2-phenylethanal, phenyl acetaldehyde, and eugenol) in fresh tomatoes. Salt stress (20 mM NaCl) increased the content of odorants such as (Z)-3-hexenal, 2-phenylethanol and 3-methylbutanal in the R-144 cultivar whereas salinity had minor effects on 1-pentene-3-one, 2-isobutylthiazole and b-ionone. This fundamental knowledge obtained by comprehensive investigation, using modem chemical, sensory and agrotechnical methodology will assist future attempts to genetically modify the concentrations of key odorants in fresh tomatoes, and thus keep the tomato production of Israel and the USA competitive on the world market.
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Roskamp, Melissa. Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Precursors Using Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC/TOFMS). Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1411.

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Conrady, Morgan, Markus Bauer, Kyoo Jo, Donald Cropek, and Ryan Busby. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for determination of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in volatile emissions from soil disturbance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42289.

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A method is described here for the concentration and determination of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) from the gaseous phase, with translation to field collection and quantification from soil disturbances in situ. The method is based on the use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers for adsorption of volatile chemicals from the vapor phase, followed by desorption into a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) for analysis. The use of a SPME fiber allows simple introduction to the GC-MS without further sample preparation. Several fiber sorbent types were studied and the 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS was the best performer to maximize the detected peak areas of both analytes combined. Factors such as extraction temperature and time along with desorption temperature and time were explored with respect to analyte recovery. An extraction temperature of 30 ◦C for 10 min, with a desorption temperature of 230 ◦C for 4 min was best for the simultaneous analysis of both geosmin and 2-MIB without complete loss of either one. The developed method was used successfully to measure geosmin and 2-MIB emission from just above disturbed and undisturbed soils, indicating that this method detects both compounds readily from atmospheric samples. Both geosmin and 2-MIB were present as background concentrations in the open air, while disturbed soils emitted much higher concentrations of both compounds. Surprisingly, 2-MIB was always detected at higher concentrations than geosmin, indicating that a focus on its detection may be more useful for soil emission monitoring and more sensitive to low levels of soil disturbance.
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Williams, A., and A. Vu. Extraction of O-isobutyl S-(2-diethylaminoethyl)methyl phosphothioate (Russian VX) and related chemical signatures from liquid eggs and analysis by Liquid Chromatography with Detection by Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography with Detection by. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1078542.

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