Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gear hobbing

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Gear hobbing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gear hobbing"

1

Mitome, K. "Inclining Work-Arbor Taper Hobbing of Conical Gear Using Cylindrical Hob." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260776.

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The inclining work-arbor taper hobbing is considered one of the most practical methods to cut a conical gear. But an exact hobbing theory has not been made clear, and besides an ideal hobbing machine available inpractical use has not been developed so far. In this paper, an exact kinematic analysis of this taper hobbing is presented, and an imaginary generating rack is obtained. A gear generated by this rack is defined as an ideal gear. Practical hobbing of conical involute gears is discussed. A hobbing machine having an inclining rotary table is tested, and some test gears are cut and inspected. And it is confirmed that the ideal gear can be considered representative of the gear cut by this taper hobbing, and the hobbing machine with an inclining rotary table has a practical utility. Finally, grinding of the conical involute gear based on the principle of this taper hobbing is presented.
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Tian, Fang Yong, Chi Bing Hu, and Yan Cang Jiang. "The Simplest Mathematical Model and Simultaneous-Control Structure for Hobbing Helical Non-Circular Gear." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.284.

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To solve helical non-circular gears manufacturing problem, the simplest mathematical model for hobbing helical non-circular gear and simultaneous-control structure which the machine tool should have were researchedbeen researched. By comprehensive using of helical teeth meshing principles and helical tooling rack generation method, the simplest mathematical model for hobbing helical non-circular gear was deduced. The structure was a 4-axes simultaneous-control structure. Then, by applying the electronic-gear circuit module and electronic differential combination circuit module developed by the authors, simultaneous-control structure of CNC system which hobbing helical non-circular gear required was designed. Based on this, hobbing helical non-circular gears can be achieved, and helical non-circular gears manufacturing problem can be solved.
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Radzevich, Stephen P. "About Hob Idle Distance in Gear Hobbing Operation." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 4 (November 26, 2002): 772–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1517561.

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This study is focused on some features of geometry and kinematics of gear hobbing operation. The principal goal is to determine minimal hob idle distance required for complete generation of the gear teeth. This task is of importance in two aspects: to cut hobbing time and to reduce axial size of a hobbed cluster gear, gear with shoulder etc. The necessity of cutting hobbing time is evident. Reduction of axial size of a hobbed gear cluster leads to reduction of size and weight of the gear cluster itself and of the gear train housing, and therefore its necessity is also evident. Methods of analytical mechanics of gear are applied to determine an exact minimal length of the gear hob idle distance. The resultant formulas obtained have been derived based on graphical solution of the problem under consideration using methods of descriptive geometry. The results reported in the paper are applicable for manufacturing of spur and helical involute gears. Their application allows one to cut hobbing time and to reduce axial size and weight of gear train and gear train housing. Although the consideration below is focused on hobbing of involute gears, slightly modified results obtained are applicable for hobbing of spline, sprockets, ratchets, and other form tooth profiles. The results obtained are of prime importance for application of multi-start hobs of small diameter.
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Liu, Xing, Fei Zhao, Xuesong Mei, Tao Tao, and Jianguang Shen. "High-efficiency gear hobbing technics based on fuzzy adaptive control of spindle torque." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 10 (November 22, 2018): 3331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218813393.

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In this paper, the problem of relatively low efficiency of the current gear hobbing process is addressed through fuzzy adaptive control of the cutting force. The paper studies the influencing factors of the cutting torque of gear hobbing, and the relationship between the feed rate and the cutting torque is established. Based on the relationship and the fuzzy adaptive control method, a high efficiency gear hobbing method is designed. A methodology using the static spindle torque rather than the dynamic one as the feedback signal of the fuzzy controller is also presented, which can deal with the severe cutting torque fluctuations during gear hobbing. The input and the output scaling factors of the fuzzy controller can also be tuned online to adapt to different types of gears or various cutting conditions. The key issue of determining the reference value of the spindle torque is also resolved through analysis of the spindle torque data in a trial cut. The proposed method is simulated and implemented on a numerical control gear hobbing machine, which cuts spur gears and helical gears. The simulation and experimental results are in a good consistency. The efficiency is improved considerably, which saves as high as 40% and 30% cutting time of the gear hobbing process in the first and second set of experiments, respectively.
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Liu, You Yu, Gou Zheng Zhang, and Jiang Han. "Graphic Simulation of Hobbing Process for Higher-Order Elliptic Gear." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.466.

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To solve higher-order elliptic gear manufacturing problems, this paper builds the model of hobbing process based on higher-order elliptic gear equation, and researches the graphic simulation technology of hobbing process by using tools (inclined) rack. Four higher-order elliptic spur gears and helical gears with different parameters are simulated by Matlab, to verify the processing model built and the condition of hobbing process can be applied. This work provided the theory foundation for the manufacturing modular of higher-order elliptic gear in CNC System and the reference for its manufacture.
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Chang, Shinn-Liang, Chung-Biau Tsay, and Shigeyoshi Nagata. "A General Mathematical Model for Gears Cut by CNC Hobbing Machines." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828771.

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A hobbing machine’s cutting mechanism is a mechanism with multi-degree of freedom during the cutting process. In this paper, we propose a general gear mathematical model simulating the generation process of a 6-axis CNC hobbing machine based on the cutting mechanism of CNC hobbing machine and worm-type hob cutter. The proposed gear mathematical model can be applied to simulate different types of gear cutting. Some examples are included to verify the mathematical model. Also, a novel type of gear named “Helipoid” which can be used in crossed axes transmission is proposed. The proposed general gear mathematical model can facilitate a more thorough understanding of generation processes and toward the development of novel types of gears.
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Chan, Sunny, Sammy Wong, Tom C. Kong, and Ru Du. "Development of a Millimeter Scale Turning Centre for Gear Hobbing." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.249.

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Conventional machining is generally preferred in manufacturing metal components with 2½D features and/or 3D silhouettes. With the ever increasing demand for reduced sizes and increased accuracy, however, traditional machine tools have become ineffective for cutting miniature components. A typical example is gear manufacturing. It is known that gears are machined using the gear hobbing process in which the cutter axis and the workpiece axis are required to be synchronized to an accurate constant ratio. According to a market survey, only a few machine tools can make gears with the size of φ1.0 mm. This paper presents our effort in developing a PC-based millimeter scale CNC turning centre with gear hobbing capability to machine miniature gears. In this machine, the synchronization required by the gear hobbing process was achieved directly by controlling the AC servomotors. Experiment results show that the machine is able to machine high quality components with diameter as small as 0.075 mm and hob gears with module as small as 0.09.
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Zhang, Xiao Hong, Chong Xia, Peng Chen, and Guo Fu Yin. "Comparative Experimental Research on Cryogenic Gear Hobbing with MQL." Advanced Materials Research 479-481 (February 2012): 2259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.479-481.2259.

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Gear hobbing in cryogenic air with minimal quantity lubricant (MQL) is a better choice to take place of traditional gear hobbing in oily cutting fluid, in which cryogenic air with pulverized vegetable oil place the great amount of mineral cooling oil, to play the role of lubrication, cooling, chip clearance, and rust prevention. By the comparative experiments, differences on cutter wear are explored, among cryogenic gear hobbing with MQL, gear hobbing in oily cutting fluid, and dry gear hobbing. It indicates that the gear hobbing in cryogenic air with minimal quantity lubricant is practical, and not only a great amount of cooling oil is saved to lower cost and environment pollution, but also life-saving of hobbing cutter reduces production cost.
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Shih, Yi-Pei, and Zhang-Hua Fong. "Flank Modification Methodology for Face-Hobbing Hypoid Gears Based on Ease-Off Topography." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 12 (December 30, 2006): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2779889.

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The fundamental design of spiral bevel and hypoid gears is usually based on a local synthesis and a tooth contact analysis of the gear drive. Recently, however, several flank modification methodologies have been developed to reduce running noise and avoid edge contact in gear making, including modulation of tooth surfaces under predesigned transmission errors. This paper proposes such a flank modification methodology for face-hobbing spiral bevel and hypoid gears based on the ease-off topography of the gear drive. First, the established mathematical model of a universal face-hobbing hypoid gear generator is applied to investigate the ease-off deviations of the design parameters—including cutter parameters, machine settings, and the polynomial coefficients of the auxiliary flank modification motion. Subsequently, linear regression is used to modify the tooth flanks of a gear pair to approximate the optimum ease-off topography suggested by experience. The proposed method is then illustrated using a numerical example of a face-hobbing hypoid gear pair from Oerlikon’s Spiroflex cutting system. This proposed flank modification methodology can be used as a basis for developing a general technique of flank modification for similar types of gears.
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Abe, Tatsuro, and Keigo Fukunaga. "Gear Precision and Cutting Force in Dry Hobbing Gear Cutting for Gears Made of Brass Material." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.297.

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Gear precision measurement was carried out for gear with tooth number z=17, gear module mn=0.5, tooth width b=10mm, spur gear design and made using JIS C 3604 brass material. Cutting force measurement was carried out for gear with z=30, mn=1.75, spur gear, and JIS C 3604 brass material. Main results are as follows: (1) Gear precision and cutting force was almost the same in both dry and wet cutting. (2) Process capability index Cp of tooth profile errors were almost the same in both dry and wet hobbing gear cutting, and 5.9 to 8.1. Cp of tooth lead errors was 5.8 to 10.7. It was concluded that dry hobbing gear cutting of brass material has a sufficient production capacity. (3) Almost the same gear precision in both dry and wet hobbing gear cutting was considered because cutting forces were also same.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gear hobbing"

1

Abood, Ali Muzhir. "Dynamic analysis of the cutting forces in gear hobbing." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/983.

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The work reported in this thesis has been developed to predict and measure the cutting forces in the gear hobbing process. A review of past research in this area has highlighted the need to adopt a different approach to modelling the process in order to predict the cutting forces. The hobbing process has been described using six different co-ordinate systems and the kinematic relationships between these systems established. A single rack profile has been used to represent the profile of a single cutting tooth from the hob which was then extended to simulate the hob itself. When the hob gashes pass through the cutting region surfaces are generated which, if mapped on a regular grid can give the basis to estimate the depth of cut, i.e. the instantaneous chip thickness produced by that particular tooth. The instantaneous cutting forces generated by that tooth then can be estimated by using the concept of a specific cutting force of the workpiece material. The estimation of cutting forces acting on a single tooth space was used to predict the cutting forces produced during machining of a full gear, by assuming that the forces acting in a particular tooth space are equal to those acting on the adjacent tooth space at an equivalent instant in the cutting cycle. In order to validate predicted results, a Churchill PH1612 hobbing machine was retrofitted with a CNC control system at Newcastle University, utilising a programmable multi axis controller (PMAC). A specially made single toothed gear, and a full gear were machined, and cut on this machine, and the cutting forces measured in real time using a 3-axis dynamometer. The force signals produced by the dynamometer were measured utilising a 12-bit ADC card. Code, written in C, was developed to perform the many functions needed for the overall control of the machine, but additionally was used to capture both the cutting forces and axis position data. The results of the simulation and modelling have shown very good agreement with those obtained experimentally.
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Hoseini, Saba. "Experimental simulation of gear hobbing through a face milling concept in CNC-machine." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-126804.

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Danda, Libor. "Multifunkční zařízení na výrobu ozubení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319278.

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Diploma thesis deals with the design of a small, computer-controlled machine tool. It is used for gearwheels production and combines the two most used manufacturing methods. The dissertation was dealt with in cooperation with a business subject which focuses on the development of milling machines. The introductory section is discussing research of current state of knowledge and market research focused on gearing machine tools, including patent investigation. The conceptual solution is discussing several variants of the cinematographic arrangement of the axes from which the final design solution was developed. This is described in detail in the second part of the dissertation. It contains description of individual construction complexes, choice of propellant units, modal analysis of sliding systems using the method of finite elements and in the conclusion the electronic part of the machine with its overall shape solution.
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Gerth, Julia Lundberg. "Tribology at the Cutting Edge : A Study of Material Transfer and Damage Mechanisms in Metal Cutting." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183186.

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The vision of this thesis is to improve the metal cutting process, with emphasis on the cutting tool, to enable stable and economical industrial production while using expensive tools such as hobs. The aim is to increase the tribological understanding of the mechanisms operating at a cutting edge and of how these can be controlled using different tool parameters. Such understanding will facilitate the development and implementation of future, tribologically designed, cutting tools. Common wear and failure mechanisms in gear hobbing have been identified and focused studies of the material transferred to the tool, in both metal cutting operations and in simplified tribological tests, have been conducted. Interactions between residual stresses in the tool coating and the shape of the cutting edge have also been studied. It was concluded that tool failure is often initiated via small defects in the coated tool system, and it is necessary to eliminate, or minimize, these defects in order to manufacture more reliable and efficient gear cutting tools. Furthermore, the geometry of a cutting edge should be optimized with the residual stress state in the coating, in mind. The interaction between a compressive stress and the geometry of the cutting edge will affect the stress state at the cutting edge and thus affect the practical toughness and the wear resistance of the coating in that area. An intermittent sliding contact test is presented and shown to be of high relevance for studying the interaction between the tool rake face and the chip in milling. It was also demonstrated that material transfer, that can have large effects on the cutting performance, commences already after very short contact times. The nature of the transfer may differ in different areas on the tool. It may include glassy layers, with accumulations of specific elements from the workpiece, and transfer of steel in more or less oxidized form. Both tool coating material, its surface roughness, and the relative speed between the tool surface and the chip, may influence the extent to which the different transfer will occur.
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Gill, Harnavpreet Singh. "Computationally Robust Algorithms for Hypoid Gear Cutting and Contact Line Determination using Ease-Off Methodology." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587499768039312.

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Chang, Shinn-Liang, and 張信良. "Gear Hobbing Simulation of CNC Gear Hobbing Machines." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60532557483087603437.

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Chang, Chuang-Kai, and 張全凱. "Study on Machining Parameters of the Gear Hobbing." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13680413242351312397.

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碩士
逢甲大學
機械與電腦輔助工程學系
104
This study focused on machining parameters of gear hobbing. After installation of a gear hobbing machine, the C Sharp ( Visual Studio 2013) is used to design the human machine interface(HMI) on the NUM’s controller. Data monitoring can detect the current values of spindles motor, and then the optimal gear hobbing condition can be obtained. This research begins with the machining method and patterns of the hob cutter, and follows with introducing the development of various functions in the HMI. Then, comparisons of different materials with their machinabilities on the gear hobbing machine based on the cutting theory. Finally, experiments are performed by applying the“ Taguchi Method ”. Five control factors,i.e. the cutting direction, axial feed rate, reserved allowance for the secondary cutting, cutter’s rotational speed and the gear helical angle are investigated in Taguchi Method experiments. Relations among the gears accuracy, the values of spindle current and control factors are also investigated. Consequently, by observing the spindle’s current values and the calculated values of Taguchi method, it is found that the axial feed rate of the gear hobbing is the key factor to affect the gear accuracy and the current value of the spindle motor.
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YI, LIANG-ZHENG, and 梁正義. "The Study of Shape Errors of Spur Gear Hobbing." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55560651199735329203.

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碩士
逢甲大學
材料與製造工程所
100
Parallel shaft transmission system is widely used gears, gear hobbing impact is related parameters has been less research literature, this use of carbon steel and white cast iron materials, new, old knives, respectively, processing, design and experimental parameters are gear hobbing the use of test gear is gear inspection machines, more processing before and after the profile error, tooth shape error, the pressure angle error, cross-tooth thickness, the establishment of a positive influence of gear parameters and optimize the processing conditions. In this study, the following conclusions, in the shape of steel profile error and tooth pressure angle error and the error is better than the old knife new knife, old and new tools are left flank over the right flank, in the old carbon steel knives across the tooth thickness better than the new knife. White cast iron profile error and tooth pressure angle error shape error and better than the old knife new knife, old and new tools are superior to the left the right flank tooth surface, tooth thickness of the old white iron cross over the new cutter knife.
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Van, Tran The, and 陳文勝. "Methodologies for Longitudinal Crowning and Double-Crowning of an Involute Helical Gear with Twist-Free Tooth Flanks Generated by CNC Gear Shaving and Hobbing Machines." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38674231760409939687.

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博士
逢甲大學
機械與航空工程博士學位學程
103
Involute helical gears are widely used in many industrial applications (e.g., reducers and transmissions) and such gears with longitudinal and double crowned tooth flanks are particularly important for misaligned assembly gear pairs, which improve bearing contact and reduce noise. Conventionally, the longitudinal or double crowning tooth flank of helical gears can be accomplished by changing the center distance between the cutter and work gear in CNC gear hobbing and shaving process. However, this variation of the center distance without a crossed angle compensation produces twisted tooth flanks on the work gear, and a low accuracy profile and low crowning flexibility. Therefore, this dissertation proposes methodologies for longitudinal crowning as well as double-crowning in both longitudinal and profile directions of a helical gear with twist-free tooth flanks on CNC gear hobbing and shaving machine: (a) On CNC gear hobbing machine, to prevent a twist of tooth flank on generated helical gear due to the center distance variation between the hob cutter and work gear in gear hobbing process, a novel additional rotation angle is proposed for the work gear during its hobbing process. A congruous non-linear function with two variables is proposed and supplemented to this additional rotation angle of work gear. Two numeral examples are presented to illustrate the effects of coefficients of the proposed non-linear function on the twist and evenness of the generated helical gear tooth flanks. The twist of the crowned helical tooth flank is reduced significantly by applying the proposed longitudinal crowning gear method. (b) Besides, to obtain a twist-free tooth flank of helical gears in the gear finish hobbing process, a novel hobbing method for longitudinal crowning is proposed by applying a new hob’s diagonal feed motion with a variable pressure angle (VPA) hob cutter. Wherein the hob’s diagonal feed motion is set as a second order function of hob’s traverse movement, and tooth profile of the hob cutter is modified with pressure angle changed in it’s longitudinal direction. The proposed method is also verified by using a computer program to simulate and compare topographies of the crowned work gear surfaces hobbed by the standard and VPA hob cutters, respectively. The results reveal the superiority of the proposed novel finish hobbing method. In addition, to reduce vibration and noise cause by discontinuous linear functions of transmission errors, tooth flanks of the involute helical gear are usually crowned in the cross-profile direction by modifying the normal section of hob cutter profiles to a parabolic curve. However, modification on the hob cutter’s profile increases production costs due to an additional hob cutter regrinding in its cross-profile direction. Therefore, in this dissertation, the first novel hobbing method is also developed for crowning in cross-profile by using a standard hob cutter with a congruous additional rotation angle of work gear to generate a double-crowned gear. The proposed novel method also is verified by using a computer program to simulate and compare the meshing-conditions, contact ellipses, and transmission errors of the double-crowned gear pairs under various assembly errors with those produced by applying the conventional and variable tooth thickness hobbing methods, respectively. Computer simulation results reveal the superiority of the proposed novel hobbing method. (c) On CNC gear shaving machine, a methodology for longitudinal and double crowning, based on the influence of an auxiliary crowning mechanism’s rocking motion on the parallel shaving process, is proposed. The proposed double-crowned work gear surface reduces the mating gear’s sensitivity to the work gear pair assembly errors and to the shifts in the bearing contact caused by misalignments. Besides, the influence of shaving cutter and work gear pair assembly errors on the topologies, contact ellipses, and transmission errors of the proposed involute helical gears are also investigated. Two numeral examples are presented to illustrate and verify the merits of the proposed gear shaving methodology for longitudinal and double gear crownings.
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Wang, Wei-hsiang, and 王韋翔. "STUDY ON THE DUAL FACE-HOBBING METHOD FOR CYCLOIDAL CROWNING OF HELICAL GEARS." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20131773764587208695.

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博士
國立中正大學
機械工程所
98
Of the gear pairs and transmissions that play an important role in many industrial applications—including vehicles and machine and power tools—involute helical gears are among the most common because of their simple geometry, easy manufacturing, and low sensitivity to center distance. However, the conventional helical gear pair meshes in line contact, is very sensitive to assembly errors, and is prone to edge contact problems. Therefore, based on the theory of gearing and differential geometry, this investigation proposes a novel face-hobbing method to generate a helical gear with lengthwise crowning. In this method, two head cutters form an imaginary generating rack with lengthwise cycloidal tooth traces that generate cylindrical helical or spur gears with longitudinal cycloidal traces. The proposed cutting method, in which the cutter blade travels longitudinally from one side face to the other to create smoother longitudinal cutting marks, is particularly efficient for continuous indexing cutting. In gear generation, this method relies on the ratio between the cutter rotation speed and the generating roll speed. When the head cutters move from the left start-of-generation position to the right end-of-generation position, tooth flank generation is complete. In addition, because the cutting marks in this proposed method are perpendicular to the contact path between the mating gears, the height of the cutting mark can be reduced by decreasing the rolling ratio of the cutter rotation speed to the generating roll speed. In addition, this mathematical model of a cutting system can simulate three different modules. First, the procedure uses all inside cutter blades mounted on the head cutter and all outside cutter blades for a double-concave gear. Because all inside and outside cutter blades are mounted on the same head cutter, it is easy to simulate a cutting system for a convex-concave helical gear using one head cutter. The three possible contact arrangements between the racks’ meshing tooth traces depend on the arrangement of each head cutter, whether convex to convex, convex to straight, or convex to concave. It should also be noted that the contact load capacity of the proposed longitudinal cycloidal gear drive is larger than that of an involute gear drive. Drawing on a dual face-hobbing method, we develop a mathematical model with lengthwise crowning and analyze the tooth undercutting and sensitivity of the tooth contact pattern using the techniques proposed by Litvin. Applying the mathematical model of tooth contact analysis also allows evaluation of meshing and contact characteristics without load when assembly errors and axes misalignment can occur. Because the proposed helical gear has longitudinal cycloidal traces, the gear pair meshes in point contact, a condition that not only eliminates tooth edge contact but decreases the gear vibration and noise from axial misalignment and increases the bearing strength of the contact gears.
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Books on the topic "Gear hobbing"

1

Endoy, Robert. Gear hobbing, shaping, and shaving: A guide to cycle time estimating and process planning. Dearborn, Mich: Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Publication Development Department, 1990.

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Arnold, J. Douglas, and Mark Elies. Metal Gear Solid, Survival Guide. Maui, HI: Sandwich Islands Publishing, 1998.

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Tom, Badgett, ed. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 2ND Edition. Toronto: Bantam Books, 1991.

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Sandler, Corey. Official Sega Genesis and Game Gear strategies, 3RD Edition. New York: Bantam Books, 1992.

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Rich, Jason R. An Official Player's Guide to Sonic the Hedgehog. Greensboro, NC: Compute Books, 1993.

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RICH. The Lion King: Official Game Book. Indianapolis, IN: BradyGames, 1994.

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Sandler, Corey. Batman Forever: The Video Game: GamePro: Official Player's Guide. San Mateo, CA: Infotainment World, 1995.

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Gamemaster: The Complete Video Game Guide 1995. New York, USA: St. Martin's Paperbacks, 1995.

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Super NES Games Secrets, Volume 3. Rocklin, CA: Prima Publishing, 1992.

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Compute's Guide to Nintendo Games. Greensboro, USA: Compute Books, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gear hobbing"

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Beutner, M., I. Kadashevich, B. Karpuschewski, and T. Halle. "Modeling, Simulation and Compensation of Thermal Effects in Gear Hobbing." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 347–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57120-1_15.

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Chan, Sunny, Sammy Wong, Tom C. Kong, and Ru Du. "Development of a Millimeter Scale Turning Centre for Gear Hobbing." In Optics Design and Precision Manufacturing Technologies, 249–53. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-458-8.249.

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Guo, Qian Jian, Jian Guo Yang, and Xiu Shan Wang. "Application of ICA Method to Thermal Error Modeling of Gear Hobbing Machine." In Advanced Materials Research, 309–14. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-461-8.309.

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Hrytsay, Ihor, and Vadym Stupnytskyy. "Advanced Computerized Simulation and Analysis of Dynamic Processes During the Gear Hobbing." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 85–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40724-7_9.

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Troß, N., J. Brimmers, and T. Bergs. "Influence of a Two-Cut-Strategy on Tool Wear in Gear Hobbing." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 225–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62138-7_23.

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Zhang, Genbao, and Hongjun Wei. "Selection of optimal process parameters for gear hobbing under cold air minimum quantity lubrication cutting environment." In Proceedings of the 36th International MATADOR Conference, 231–34. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_53.

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Ishimaru, Ryohei, Isao Sakuragi, and Naoshi Izumi. "A Fundamental Study on the Improvement for Chipping Characteristics in Gear Hobbing with Carbide Tipped Hob." In Power Transmissions, 543–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6558-0_43.

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Sivakumar, R., A. Boobal, M. Gowtham, and P. Senevasa Perumal. "To Reduce the Setting Piece Rejection Rate in Gear Hobbing Process by Advanced Product Quality Planning." In Springer Proceedings in Materials, 375–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8319-3_38.

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Slivinskas, K., V. Gičan, A. J. Poska, and V. K. Augustaitis. "Analysis of the Possibilities of the Usage of Electrical Synchronous Link for a CNC Gear Hobbing Machine." In Solid State Phenomena, 97–102. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-21-3.97.

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Yagishita, H., and S. Koizumi. "Improving Gear Hobbing Machine Drive Systems by Computer-Aided Design Part II: Analysis of Torsional Vibration in Bobbing of Large Gears." In Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Machine Tool Design and Research Conference, 217–25. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08114-1_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gear hobbing"

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Simon, V. "The Influence of Gear Hobbing on Worm Gear Characteristics." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79517.

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A method is presented for the determination of the influence of gear hobbing on the precision and loaded tooth contact of worm gears. In order to get a worm gear set with fully conjugated teeth surfaces the gear teeth should be processed by a hob whose generator surface is identical to the worm surface. This requirement can be achieved by the use of a hob whose diameter is equal to the worm diameter and with infinite number of cutting edges. But because of the teeth in the hob are relieved, the diameter of the new hob should be slightly larger than the worm diameter to provide tool life. On the other hand, because of the finite number of hob teeth, the gear tooth surface, manufactured by such a hob, is not a smooth surface; it consists of a relatively big number of small parts of helical surfaces formed by the cutting edges of the hob. In this paper a method is presented for the determination of differences between the gear tooth surface processed by an oversized hob of finite number of teeth or by a flying tool, and the theoretically required gear tooth surface. Also the influence of hob oversize and machine tool settings on tooth contact pressure and transmission errors is determined. The full geometry and kinematics of gear tooth processing by an oversized hob or by flying tool is included. The theoretical background is implemented by a computer program. By using this program, the influence of relevant design parameters of worm gear set and hob and of machine tool settings on processed gear tooth errors and on loaded tooth contact of the worm gear pair is investigated and discussed. By another computer program the influence of cutter diameter and machine tool settings for pinion teeth processing on tooth contact pattern in spiral bevel gears is investigated and presented.
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Nagata, Shigeyoshi, and Tsutomu Komori. "A Research on Bevel Gear Hobbing." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0027.

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Abstract At present, hob cutters have mainly been used for the tooth cutting of gears. The each blades of the hob cutter have generally been designed with the same module size, therefore, it is not possible to cut gears of another module size using the aforementioned hob cutter. In our research, from the above viewpoint we have through theoretical analysis of a new hob cutter, tried to design a module hob cutter which is able to cut gears of several module sizes during rough cutting. Hereinafter, we are to call this new hob cutter “Variable Module Hob Cutter (= VMHC)”. This “VMHC” is not uniform in the whole length of hob cutter. It is designed so that the module size is made to vary in accordance with axial direction. With this “VMHC”, not only is it possible for us to cut the tooth profile of gear in any variety of module sizes, but also it is expected to be very suitable for cutting bevel gears by using general type hobbing machine. Most of bevel gears are manufactured by a unipurpose machine tool. Bevel gears, however, are able to be manufactured easily even by using the general type hobbing machine by applying the conventional method of tooth cutting and this hob cutter. The bevel gears have been difficult to manufacture by the conventional hob cutter. However, we will be able to expect to get “VMHC” easily through use of CNC technology.
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Dooner, David B. "Hobbing of Bevel and Hypoid Gears." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12899.

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The paper presents a hyperboloidal hob cutter similar to a cylindrical hob cutter used to fabricate spur and helical gear elements today. This hyperboloidal cutter can be used to manufacture bevel and hypoid gear elements using an existing CNC hobbing machine. These bevel and hypoid gear elements can be either spur or spiral. This hyperboloidal hob cutter is entirely different from the circular face cutters today as part of face hobbing. A brief overview of the existing circular face cutting technology is presented along with some of its geometric limitations. Subsequently, concepts of the hyperboloidal hob cutter are presented. These concepts include crossed hyperboloidal gears, cutter spiral angle, invariant speed relations, and cutter coordinates. Two illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the concept of the hyperboloidal hob cutter. The first example is a spur bevel gear pair and the second example is a spiral hypoid gear pair. Virtual models of the cutter in mesh with the gear elements are presented.
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Innocenti, Carlo. "The Kinematics of Conical Involute Gear Hobbing." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41982.

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The paper is aimed at finding all relative rigid-body positions of two conical involute gears that mesh together with no backlash. The results are then specialized to determine two key setting parameters for a hobbing machine that has to cut a conical involute gear. A numerical example shows application of the presented results to a case study.
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Fukunaga, Keigo, Syunji Inoue, Masataka Yonekura, and Isao Sakuragi. "Direct Dry Hobbing of High Hardened Material: RGC (Round Bar Gear Cutting) Method." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/ptg-48070.

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Almost all customers require gear motor manufacturers to develop low noise, low vibration and low cost gear motors. Low noise and low vibration gear motors can be accomplished only by using high precision gears. The traditional method of manufacturing high precision gears for general industries is to grind the teeth after gear cutting. However, recently, there is now a strong demand to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing cost by using only a hobbing machine. To content these requirements, it is believed that direct dry hobbing after gear material heat treatment is the best manufacturing method. First, 0.45% carbon steel of round gear material was hardened to HRC53-56 by high frequency induction heat treatment till the specified depth. Next, the high hardened material was directly hobbed by special carbide hob installed on a highly rigid CNC (Computer Numerical Control) hobbing machine without using cutting oils. In the other words, the authors have developed Direct Dry Hobbing of High hardened Material, called the RGC (Round bar Gear Cutting) Method. The gears applying the RGC Method were module 0.8 to 1.25 and of helix angle 25°. The gear profile accuracy was JIS Grade 1–2, which is comparable to AGMA Grade 11–12. Gear motors incorporating gears manufactured by the RGC Method have been launched into the market and are now receiving remarkable customers satisfaction as low noise and low vibration gear motors.
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Innocenti, Carlo. "Optimal Choice of the Shaft Angle for Involute Gear Hobbing." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13560.

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With reference to the machining of an involute spur or helical gear by the hobbing process, the paper suggests a new criterion for selecting the position of the hob axis relative to the gear axis. By adhering to the proposed criterion, the hob axis is set at the minimum distance from the gear axis, thus maximizing the depth of the tooth spaces of the gear. The new criterion is operatively implemented by solving a univariate equation, which stems from a new, synthetic analysis of the meshing of crossed-axis involute gears. A numerical example shows application of the suggested procedure to a case study and compares the optimal hob setting to the customary one.
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Khurana, Pravin, David King, Kevin Marseilles, and Sankar Sengupta. "Modeling of Helical Gear Carbide Re-Hobbing Process." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-3973.

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Carbide re-hobbing is a variation of the gear hobbing process. It is typically used for finishing fully-hardened gear blanks that have been semi-finished, generally by a previous hobbing operation. This paper will discuss a new approach to modeling the carbide re-hobbing process with the goal of improving part quality for a typical pinion. Prior modeling approaches have been based on analytical chip calculation methods. Such approaches, however, limit the geometry of the tool and candidate workpiece to such profiles as would be implemented in the model initially. This new modeling approach involves the use of CAD/CAM/CAE tools to simulate the hobbing process in a virtual 3D environment. As such, the models may now take into account the specific tool geometries, workpiece geometries, setup errors and various cutting conditions with much greater ease. The results of the simulation in predicting cutting forces, part deflection and the resulting profile deviations will be presented. Further, the effect of tool setup error, in particular both synchronous and asynchronous runout, on part quality will be examined in simulation. The simulation results reveal that each type of runout provides a unique signature of profile deviation error for the left and right flanks. The relationship between these setup errors and resulting profile errors will be examined in detail and compared with data from controlled machining tests.
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Chibing Hu, Honghui Yao, and Fangyong Tian. "The error analysis of non-circular gear hobbing." In 2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2010.5535612.

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Wu, Canhui, and Yanzhong Wang. "The aeronautics face-gear NC hobbing machining technology." In 2012 International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing, edited by Zeng Zhu. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2010867.

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Gonzalez-Perez, Ignacio, and Alfonso Fuentes-Aznar. "Comparison of Cyclo-Palloid and Cyclo-Cut Cutting Methods for Generation of Spiral Bevel Gears." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67793.

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The face-hobbing cutting method is widely applied for generation of spiral bevel and hypoid gears due to its high productivity. Among face-hobbing processes, Cyclo-Palloid™ system allows either line contact or localized bearing contact through application of a dual head-cutter where two separate rotating centers are considered. Another face-hobbing process known as Cyclo-Cut™ is based on the application of a single and tilted head cutter for localization of the bearing contact. Computerized generation models of spiral bevel gears through the Cyclo-Palloid and the Cyclo-Cut systems are compared here. Application of tooth contact and backlash analyses will bring to light the similarities and differences between both processes, and the possibility to substitute a Cyclo-Palloid gear by a Cyclo-Cut gear in a Cyclo-Palloid spiral bevel gear drive, and viceversa. Several numerical examples are presented.
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