Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gel-paste

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Gel-paste'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gel-paste"

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Santoso T, Pambudi. "Kekerasan permukaan email setelah aplikasi gel karbamid peroksida 10%." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 8, no. 2 (December 13, 2016): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v8i2.224.

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The influence of strawberries as bleaching alternative material toward surfacemicrohardness of the teeth is still unknown so that a research should be conducted toquantitatively assess the effects of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide andblended strawberry paste on post-extracted incisive teeth by performing superficialmicrohardness analysis. Three groups of sample i.e. group 1 (control): post-extractedincisive teeth soaked in ordinary mineral water, group 2: soaked in carbamideperoxide 10% gel, and group 3: soaked in 100% strawberry paste. The microhardessof each sample group is tested before and after the application of bleaching materials.The result was there was significant difference of strawberry paste compared to CP10% gel and mineral water soaked incisive teeth. The data obtained are tabulated,then analyzed with one way Anova and LSD. It can be concluded that the applicationof carbamide peroxide 10% gel in 6 weeks doesn’t decrease the microhardness ofteeth enamel surface. However, the application of strawberry paste decreases themicrohardness of enamel surface
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Jin, Dan, Zejun Lang, and Wu Yao. "Analysis of Early Performance of Cement Paste by Low Field NMR." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (March 2, 2019): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050896.

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The change of the evaporable water content in the early hydration process of cement paste with different water-to-cement ratios was monitored by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry. The hydration degree and gel/space ratio were accordingly calculated and analyzed. The test results show that the first derivative curves of the transverse magnetization are in good agreement with the known five stages of cement hydration process at an early age. The initial and final setting times of the cement paste are closely related to the times the gel/space ratio reaches a fixed value. The early compressive strength of the hardened cement paste exhibits a power function relationship with the gel/space ratio.
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Kong, Deyu, Guangpeng He, Haiwen Pan, Yuehui Weng, Ning Du, and Jiansong Sheng. "Influences and Mechanisms of Nano-C-S-H Gel Addition on Fresh Properties of the Cement-Based Materials with Sucrose as Retarder." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102345.

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Influences and mechanisms of chemically synthesized nano-C-S-H gel addition on fresh properties of the cement-based materials with sucrose as a retarder were investigated in this study. The results showed that the flow value of the fresh cement paste was gradually but slightly reduced with increasing nano-C-S-H gel addition due to its fibrous but well-dispersed characteristic in both water and cement paste. The semi-adiabatic calorimetry testing results verified that incorporation of nano-C-S-H gel could greatly mitigate the retarding effect of sucrose on cement hydration. The total organic carbon (TOC) indicated that the addition of the nano-C-S-H gel helps to reduce adsorption of the sucrose molecules into the protective layer, thus the semi-permeability of the protective layer was less reduced and that is why the addition of the nano-C-S-H gel can mitigate the retardation caused by the sucrose. Through XRD analysis, it was found that the CH crystals are more prone to grow along the (0001) plane with larger size in the paste with nano-C-S-H addition before the induction period starts, because the C-S-H nanoparticles can form 3D network to slow down the diffusion rate of the released ions and eliminate the convection in the paste, thus suppress the 3D nucleation and growth of the CH crystals. The XRD analysis also indicated a refinement of the ettringite crystals in the paste with sucrose addition, but introduction of nano-C-S-H gel did not show further refinement, which was also verified by the SEM observation.
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Liu, Lili, Yongsheng Ji, Longhai Li, and Jie Zhang. "Influences of CO2 Absorption under Ultrasonic Vibration and Water-Reducer Addition on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 7, 2022): 3739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083739.

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Research shows that ultrasonic vibratory stirring can effectively increase CO2 absorption by cement slurry. However, with the increase in CO2 absorption, the fluidity of slurry begins to decrease. Adding water reducer to fresh cement paste can improve its fluidity. In order to reveal the influences of ultrasonic vibration and water-reducer addition on the rheological properties of cement pastes after absorbing various amounts of CO2, changes in the rheological properties of yield stress and plastic viscosity (PV) were analysed. The results show that ultrasonic vibration can effectively increase the shear stress and PV of cement paste. Moreover, shear stress and PV are positively related to the CO2 absorption amount. Meanwhile, a new rheological model of cement paste carbonated under ultrasonic vibration was established based on the basic principles of rheology. Microstructural changes in cement paste before and after water-reducer addition were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A microrheological model of cement paste carbonated under ultrasonic vibration and with water reducer added was constructed. It describes the influencing mechanisms of ultrasonic vibration and water-reducer addition on the rheological properties of carbonated cement paste. Next, a molecular model was constructed in which CO2 was added into a C-S-H gel. Changes in intermolecular repulsion in the CO2+ C-S-H gel structure and in the CO2− water-reducer molecular structure were analysed. Finally, the rheological mechanism was further analysed in terms of the dispersion effect of the C-S-H gel. The results will play a major role in improving the fluidity of cement paste.
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Aguilera, J. M., and J. Ortiz. "Nota. Efecto de la historia térmica en la gelificación de pasta fresca de jurel (T. murphyi) tipo surimi Note. Effect of thermal history on the gelation of horse mackerel (T. murphyi) raw paste surimi-type." Food Science and Technology International 6, no. 4 (August 2000): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108201320000600407.

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Fresh paste from horse mackerel ( T. murphyi) surimi-type, was processed during setting using (2%) KCI. The paste was subjected to different heating and cooling cycles. The salt produced an improve ment in kamaboko-type gel formation. The heating and cooling cycles enhanced the setting process and improved textural quality of the resulting gel, mainly when the heating before cooling was slow. The setting process was characterized by several physical parameters: storage module ( G'), using an oscillatory rheological technique, and apparent Young module ( E), by means of mechanical compres sion tests. The enthalpic changes for gelification of the paste were determined using differential scan ning calorimetry.
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Li, Xiu Juan. "Study on the Preparing Methods of C-S-H." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.304.

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As a lot about the erosion of sulfate on cement specimens point to the erosion of the hydrated calcium silicate gel C-S-H research. In order to get actual calcium silicate hydrate gel, which can be used to adapt to the current needs of research on hydrated calcium silicate gel C-S-H, it is necessary to explore a variety of methods of preparing hydrated calcium silicate gel C-S-H. The hydrated calcium silicate gel prepared through very methods, such as liquid-phase reaction method, calcium silicate (C3S and C2S) hydration and extraction of hardened cement paste, is identified and compared. It is found that the hydrated calcium silicate gel C-S-H extracted from hardened cement paste is more in line with the actual situation and meeting the needs of a variety of studies.
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Shiraishi, K., R. D. Lauzon, M. Yamazaki, S. Sawayama, N. Sugiyama, and A. Kawabata. "Rheological properties of cocoyam starch paste and gel." Food Hydrocolloids 9, no. 2 (June 1995): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0268-005x(09)80267-1.

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Park, Ki Bong, Han Seung Lee, Xiao Yong Wang, and Seung Min Lim. "Prediction of the Elastic Modulus of Cement Paste as a Kinetic Hydration Model." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.421.

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This paper describes a numerical method for estimating the elastic modulus of cement paste. The cement paste is modeled as a unit cell, which consists of three parts: dehydrated cement grain, gel, and capillary pore. In the unit cell, the volume fractions of the constituents are quantified with a single kinetic function of the degree of hydration. The elastic modulus of cement paste was calculated from the total displacement of constituents when the uniform pressure was applied to the gel contact area in cement paste assumed a homogenous isotropic matrix. Numerical simulations were conducted through the finite element analysis of the three-dimensional periodic unit cell. The model predictions were compared with experimental results. The predicted trends agree with experimental observations. The approach and some of the results might also be relevant for other technical applications.
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Fernandes, Randy, Nila Kasuma, and Vivi Triana. "DIFFERENCES IN EFFECTIVENESS TOOTHPASTE GEL FORMULATION WITH PASTE IN MAINTAINING NORMAL SALIVARY PH." Andalas Dental Journal 4, no. 2 (December 3, 2016): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/adj.v4i2.60.

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Saliva is oral fluids consisted of mixture of secretions from major and minor salivary glands. Salivary pH ranges from 5.6 to 7.0 with average in 6.7. Teeth brushing could change salivary pH. Toothpaste which distribute among our society nowadays is either gel or paste contain xylitol or sorbitol. Xylitol and sorbitol are able to stimulate the secretion of saliva therefore increase buffering capacity and pH of saliva. This research is an experiment with pre-test post-test study design. This research used 36 samples. The measurement of the pH of saliva was performed five times: before brushing, 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes after brushing with toothpaste. Result showed significant differences in before brushing with 5 minutes after brushing, and 5 minutes with 10 minutes after brushing. While in 10 minutes with 30 minutes after brushing and 60 minutes with 30 minutes after brushing there was no significant differences. The average pH of saliva by gel formulation is more fluctuating than pH saliva by paste formulation which tends to decline as time changes in normal circumstances and more stable to maintain normal salivary pH. The conclusion of this research is toothpaste with paste formulation is more stable in maintaining normal pH of saliva compared to toothpaste with gel formulation Keywords : salivary pH, toothpaste gel formulation, toothpaste paste formulation
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Razak, Siti Aisyah, Farah Farhana Zainal, Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin, and MohdNashaAin Nordin. "Relationship between morphology analysis and durability of geopolymer paste." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2080, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2080/1/012020.

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Abstract Geopolymer may improve corrosion protection by slowing the corrosion of steel in concrete or paste. When the alkalinity of the paste is reduced, the passivating layer is destroyed. If the paste is more pores, it can be easily absorbed by NaCl solution or moisture. The improved properties of the geopolymer paste increase its durability by preventing corrosive elements from harming the steel contained within the geopolymer paste. Two types of paste were used in this research which geopolymer paste and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) paste. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to determine the surface morphology of geopolymer paste and OPC paste. Based on the result of this investigation, the morphology characterisation is related to the concrete’s endurance. The formation of an aluminosilicate gel during the geopolymerisation process is critical for stability, increasing the geopolymer matrix’s density. As a result, this can increase the durability of geopolymer paste compared to OPC paste which geopolymer also can improve corrosion protection of steel in paste.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gel-paste"

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Cardoso, William da Silva. "Oxido misto de SiO2/SnO2,SiO2/SnO2/Fosfato : propriedades e aplicações." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249698.

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Orientador: Yoshitaka Gushikem
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T23:27:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cardoso_WilliamdaSilva_D.pdf: 740346 bytes, checksum: bbae1435b7392cf211b02cc55af7333d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Doutorado
Quimica Inorganica
Doutor em Ciências
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Wu, Wen-Syuan, and 吳玟萱. "Preparation of Runner Bean Paste and Affect on Textural Characteristics of Oat Gel." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3x47e7.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
102
The runner bean was used as materials for bean paste in this study. Investigate the effects of processing conditions on bean paste yield and bean paste particles morphology and that effect of adding into the oat gel on the texture characteristics. The best yield of runner bean paste which cooking by automatic cooker, was reached 50.9%. The granules of bean paste were oval, which prepared from whole beans and broken beans. The surface of bean paste granules which prepared from broken bean was damaged that reducing 14% bean paste yield. The runner bean paste sieved by wet sieving test, which particle size were distributed from 88 to 125μm, which similar to calculated from microscopic observation 84-135μm. The turbidity on aqueous suspension of runner bean paste were reduced 76%, after bleaching. The turbidity was tended slow after 30 minutes sedimentation and transmittance is higher than 95%. The filtrate of raw bean was control, which cooking liquor, filtrate, and bleaching liquor were analyzed. The free amino acid and carbohydrate content were increased that carbohydrate content of whole bean cooking liquor was significantly increased from 103.1 mg/g to 415.3 mg/g. The soluble protein content were reduced that broken bean bleaching liquor was significantly reduced from control 94%. The yield of filtrate and leaching liquor from broken bean was increased 9.6% to the whole bean. The bean paste granule was integrity after freezing at -18oC for 210 days, which protein content was reduced 25%. The oat gel (40%) was control, which adding 60-100% runner bean paste was mixed colloidal. The breaking point was reduced from 7.5mm to 5.5mm. The rigidity was increased from 36.3 g/mm to 69.6 g/mm. The acceptability of control (40% oat gel) was the highest that 4.9 point, which was no significantly different from adding 60-80% runner bean paste. Key word: Runner bean, bean paste, oat
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Guo, Jia-Chun, and 郭嘉淳. "Effects of Pressure- and Heat-Treatment on Gel Property and Protease Activity of Meat Paste from Milkfish." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78640537861285342834.

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碩士
國立中興大學
食品科學系
85
The gel strength, whiteness, and water holding capacity of theminced milkfish gel induced by heating, heating after pressurizing,and two-step heating heating were compared. Enzymatic activity of temperature, pH, hydrostatic pressurization, and heat treatment on the protease activity were also investigated. The results obtainedwere as follows:1.The suwari of unwashed milkfish meat paste occurred at 50℃,while the modori occurred at 60℃ and 70℃. The gel strength of the washed meat paste was higher than that of unwashed. But the same tendency in thermally induced gelation was observed.2.Whiteness of milkfish gel increased with the increase of heating temperature at 30~60℃. No obvious changes were observed at 60℃ and 70℃. Water holding capacity of thermally induced gel decreased with the increase of heating temperature. Two-step heating treatment improved the gel strength and whiteness of gel, but deteriorated the water holding capacity of gel.3.High pressure treatment could improve meat paste in suwari and inhibitin modori. Gel strength. whiteness, and water holding capacity of gelobtained by heating at 30 ~ 70 ℃ could be improved by pressurizing at 3,000 atm for 30 min as pretreatment.4.The alkaline extracted from milkfish showed the maximum enzymatic activity at 60 ℃, pH 8.0 against 5% Hammarsten casein as subatrate. The alkalineprotease was activated by heating at 50 ℃ for 10 ~20 min, byt was inactivated by heating 40, 50 and 60 ℃ for 120 min. Enzymatic activity decreased with increasing pressure (~4,000 atn ) and pressurizing time (~ 30 min). The fact, alkaline protease treated at 4,000 atm for 10 min was almostcompletely inactibated, indicated that the protease was susceptible to pressure.
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Hajilar, Shahin. "Nano-Scale Investigation of Mechanical Characteristics of Main Phases of Hydrated Cement Paste." 2015. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/151.

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Hydrated cement paste (HCP), which is present in various cement-based materials, includes a number of constituents with distinct nano-structures. The elastic properties of the HCP crystals are calculated using molecular dynamics (MD) methods. The accuracy of estimated values is verified by comparing them with the results from experimental tests and other atomistic simulation methods. The outcome of MD simulations is then extended to predict the elastic properties of the C-S-H gel by rescaling the values calculated for the individual crystals. To take into account the contribution of porosity, a detailed microporomechanics study is conducted on low- and high-density types of C-S-H. The obtained results are verified by comparing the rescaled values with the predictions from nanoindentation tests. Moreover, the mechanical behavior of the HCP crystals is examined under uniaxial tensile strains. From the stress-strain curves obtained in the three orthogonal directions, elastic and plastic responses of the HCP crystals are investigated. A comprehensive chemical bond and structural damage analysis is also performed to characterize the failure mechanisms of the HCP crystals under high tensile strains. The outcome of this study provides detailed information about the nonlinear behavior, plastic deformation, and structural failure of the HCP phases and similar atomic structures.
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Book chapters on the topic "Gel-paste"

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Liu, Xian, Roman Lackner, and Christian Pichler. "Highlighting the Effect of Gel-Pore Diffusivity on the Effective Diffusivity of Cement Paste — A Multiscale Investigation." In Computational Structural Engineering, 973–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2822-8_109.

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Maidaniuc, Andreea, and Florin Miculescu. "Bioceramic-Starch Paste Design for Additive Manufacturing and Alternative Fabrication Methods Applied for Developing Biomedical Scaffolds." In 3D printable Gel-inks for Tissue Engineering, 261–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4667-6_8.

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"Surimi Paste Preparation, Gel Analysis, and Rheology." In Surimi and Surimi Seafood, 425–66. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16009-24.

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Setzer, Max. "The solid-liquid gel-system of hardened cement paste." In Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures, 237–41. Taylor & Francis, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203882955.ch28.

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Carmichael Milton, Jemimah, and Prince Arulraj Gnanaraj. "Compressive Strength of Concrete with Nano Cement." In Cement Industry - Optimization, Characterization and Sustainable Application. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93881.

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Nano technology plays a very vital role in all the areas of research. The incorporation of nano materials in concrete offers many advantages and improves the workability, the strength and durability properties of concrete. In this study an attempt has been made to carry out an experimental investigation on concrete in which cement was replaced with nano sized cement. Ordinary Portland cement of 53 grade was ground in a ball grinding mill to produce nano cement. The characterization of nano cement was studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunauer Emmett–Teller (BET), Energy Dispersive X ray microanalysis (EDAX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). From the characterization studies, it was confirmed that particles were converted to nano size, the specific surface area increased and the chemical composition remained almost the same. The properties of cement paste with and without nano cement were found. For the experimental study, cement was replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of nano cement. Cement mortar of ratio 1:3 and concrete of grades M20, M30, M40 and M50 were used. Compressive strength of cement mortar and concrete with different percentages of nano cement was found. The cement mortar was also subjected to micro structural study. It was found that the strength increased even up to the replacement level of 50%. Further increase in the replacement is not possible since the addition of nano cement reduces the initial and final setting time of cement paste. At 50% replacement level, the initial setting time got reduced to 30 minutes which the least permitted value as per IS 12269: 2013. The increase in strength was due to the fact that nano cement acts not only as a filler material but also the reactivity increased due to the higher specific surface area. The SEM image shows the formation of additional C-S-H gel. The percentage increase in compressive strength was found to increase up to 32%. The workability of concrete with nano cement was found to be significantly more than that of the normal cement concrete.
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Aloulou, Fadhel, and Habib Sammouda. "Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Organo -Clay-Wood Fiber in Cement-Based Mortar." In Sand in Construction [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102321.

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This paper orientated to study the compressive resistance and thermal conductivity of compressed and stabilized clay blocks in the cement matrix. The effect of the content of wood fiber (WF) became studied as a reinforcement material in cement mortars. The porosity, compressive energy, thermal conductivity and composite of cement hydration had been investigated. The addition of NFC suggests a very good pore reduction, and the fine result becomes acquired with the emulsion of a combination incorporating 2%wt of WF inside the presence of an anionic surfactant (SDBS). The results revealed that used in this study were a mix of water with ordinary portland cement and organo-clay (OC) modified with Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at water-to-solid ratios 1%. The effect depending on w/s ratio of OC used samples with cement substitution for organoclay showed from 2% higher compressive strength results than that of the plain cement paste and a decrease of the thermal conductivity by addition of 2%wt of WF from 2.26 to 0.8 W/m °C. It was also observed that with increasing w/s ratio higher amount of cement can be replaced by OC. These analyses have revealed that the presence of WF promoted the hydration, by producing more portlandite and calcium silicate gel.
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Conference papers on the topic "Gel-paste"

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Setzer, Max J. "The solid-liquid gel-system of hardened cement paste." In 2nd International RILEM Symposium on Advances in Concrete through Science and Engineering. RILEM Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/2351580028.044.

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"Effects of Sol-Gel Derived Nano-Silica Suspensions in Cement Paste." In SP-320:10th ACI/RILEM International Conference on Cementitious Materials and Alternative Binders for Sustainable Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51701043.

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Tarr, Kristie, Ian Bedard, and Hansoo Kim. "Acti-Gel® 208 as an additive for paste and hydraulic backfill." In 18th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1504_30_tarr.

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Escobar, Mariano Martin, Adrián Di Paolo, and Analía Vazquez. "Carbon Dioxide Uptake by Concrete Modified With Carbon Nanotube." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11475.

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CO2 emission from fossil fuel fired power plants contributed 30% of global emissions in 1990. In the same year, the cement industry contributed about 5% of the total. According to Kyoto Protocol, a tremendous effort is required to reduce the carbon dioxide emission. One potential technology in CO2 mitigation responses is the use of concrete products as carbon sink through the early age fast curing. The cement compounds C3S and C2S are instantaneously carbonized into calcium carbonate and silica gel, once cement is mixed with water and exposed to the carbon dioxide gas. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of adding carbon nanotubes in cement paste matrix on the capacity as CO2 sink. Adiabatic temperature was determined for different carbon nanotubos content on the cement paste. The microstructure was studied by scanning electronic microscopy. The calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide content were determined by a thermogravimetric analysis. The storage modulus was measured for the specimens of cement paste before and after the immersion in CO2. Carbon nanotubes act as nuclear agent of the calcium carbonate and increase the maximum temperature and decrease the time of hydration. The incorporation of carbon nanotubes to Portland cement paste could modify the transport properties of the matrix. In fact, it was shown that interfacial interactions between the hydration products and multi-walled carbon nanotubes occur; and it was observed the insertion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes between the hydration products.
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TIMOSHIN, Anton, Aleksei DOROFEEV, Kirill ERSHOV, Inna PUSTOKHINA, and Elena EMELINA. "EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF THE ORAL MUCOSA WITH PHYTO-OINTMENT BASED ON PHYTOECDYSTEROIDS." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.09_abstract_timoshin.pdf.

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An indicator of the health of the human body in the state of the oral mucosa. Mechanical and chemical factors constantly influence it. At the first stage of the study, a comparative analysis of the frequency of various forms of traumatic injuries of the oral mucosa was carried out. The distribution of patients into groups was also carried out, depending on the medicinal product used. Then clinical examinations were carried out. After that, the therapy of traumatic erosive and ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa began. The developed method for treating traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa with medicine based on phytoecdysteroids provides for the elimination of the traumatic factor, applying ointment based on phytoecdysteroids to the dried out focus twice a day. The use of phyto-ointment leads to complete repair of traumatic erosive and ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa on average by the eighth day from the start of treatment; a similar effect with the use of "Solcoseryl dental adhesive paste" is achieved by the tenth day, and the gel "Cholisal Dental" - at a later date, which is confirmed in this study. The most significant positive effect on the level of quality of life associated with the effectiveness of treatment of traumatic erosive and ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa in comparison with the dental “Solcoseryl dental adhesive paste” and the gel “Cholisal Dental” is exerted by phyto-ointment, where a decrease in the total points was recorded. When conducting routine examinations of patients, it is necessary to pay attention to the oral mucosa damage. Moreover, in treating traumatic injuries of the oral mucosa, it is recommended to use phytoointment, which contains phytoecdysteroids.
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Manjunath, Deepak, Satyanarayan Iyer, Shawn Eckel, Purushothaman Damodaran, and Krishnaswami Srihari. "A Repeatable and Reliable Rework Process for Lead-Free Fine Pitch BGA’s." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-83026.

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Fine pitch leadless components, such as Ball Grid Arrays (BGAs) and Chip-Scale Packages (CSPs), are increasingly used in modern day circuitry to aid miniaturization. Assembling these surface mount components using lead-free solder pastes has been a subject of interest for the past several years. Reworking a BGA is complicated as the solder joints are hidden underneath the component. The process window available for the rework process is very narrow and there are number of other critical factors, which complicate and affect the repeatability of the rework process. Consequently, the primary objective of this research endeavor is to develop a reliable and a repeatable process to rework lead-free fine pitch BGAs. The process steps to rework a BGA are component removal, site redressing, solder paste/flux deposition, component replacement and reflow. This experimental study evaluates a number of alternatives for several rework process steps during the course of developing a reliable and repeatable rework process. Two alternatives for site redressing namely, (i) copper wick with soldering iron, and (ii) vacuum de-soldering methods are evaluated. Similarly the application of solder paste versus gel flux is compared. A localized reflow method for replacing the component at the SRT machine is developed and it is compared with forced convection in reflow oven. The pros and cons of using the two reflow methods and the effect of multiple reflows on solder joint reliability is discussed in the paper. A reliability study was conducted on the samples and the results are presented to compare the various alternatives.
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Zhang, Guitao, Weihe Xu, and Yong Shi. "Lead Zirconate Titanate Nanotube Composite for Ultrasound Transducer Application." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64980.

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Lead Zirconate Titanate (PbZr1−xTixO3, PZT) is a high performance piezoelectric material which is widely used for making ultrasound transducers. However, pure PZT suffered from high acoustic impedance and crosstalk effect, which deteriorate their performances. To solve these problems, people developed micro fiber PZT composite. As restricted by the fabrication method, like dicing, the size of PZT micro fibers are usually on the order of 10s micros. In this paper, we are going to introduce a PZT nanotube composite, in which the size of active material is on the order of nanometers. To fabricate the PZT nanotube composite, we used a template assistant method. First an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template was made by two step anodic process. Then PZT nanotube composite was made by wetting the AAO template with PZT sol-gel. Following, top and bottom electrodes were made by silver paste. After fabrication, hysteresis loops were measured to verify the piezoelectricity property of this nanotube composite. Then the impedance of the composite transducer was measured by a network analyzer. Resonant frequency of the transducer was found by the impedance data. This nanotube composite based transducer could theoretically reduce or even eliminate the crosstalk effect, since the diameter of nanotube is much smaller than half wave length of ultrasound. So an improved performance of PZT nanotube composite based ultrasound transducer could be expected.
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Worsley, John, James Marsh, Rahul Patel, and Steven Feldman. "Optimisation and stabilisation of coal rejects at the Peabody Metropolitan Mine using Acti-Gel® 208." In 18th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1504_23_marsh.

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