Academic literature on the topic 'Gemologia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Gemologia"
Barbosa, Cassandra Terra. "Gemologia." Terrae Didatica 16 (May 8, 2020): e020016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/td.v16i0.8658362.
Full textCAMPOS, ANA CLAUDIA BORGES, Marcelo Calderari Miguel, and ROGÉRIO ZANON DA SILVEIRA. "Aplicação do modelo Servqual na Mostra coletiva “Gemologia - da Ciência à Arte”: múltiplos olhares vislumbrando a melhoria da qualidade de uma atividade extensionista." Expressa Extensão 22, no. 2 (October 31, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/ee.v22i2.11519.
Full textLourenço, Cátia De Sousa, Ana Claudia Borges Campos, and Maximialiano Calderari Miguel. "GEMAS, JOIAS, OURIVESARIA E CONTEMPORANEIDADE: GEMOLOGIA DA CIÊNCIA À ARTE." Expressa Extensão 23, no. 3 (August 31, 2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/ee.v23i3.13954.
Full textFonseca, Anísio Cláudio, and Gustavo Fia Galveas. "Análise gemológica e de inclusões em berilos da região de Pedra da Onça - Santa Tereza- ES." Conexão Ciência (Online) 15, no. 1 (June 3, 2020): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24862/cco.v15i1.1083.
Full textXing, Qiu Yu, Miao Yang, Hui Xuan Yang, and En Dong Zu. "Study on the Gemological Characteristics of Amber from Myanmar and Chinese Fushun." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.172.
Full textKirin, R., P. Baranov, and I. Koziakov. "GEMOLOGICAL LAW OF UKRAINE: FORMATION PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 2 (93) (2021): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.01.
Full textBomfim, Shelley, Marcus Vinícius Dutra De Magalhães, and Janaina Bastos Depianti. "Gemologia da Ciencia a Arte": Uma exposição como ação extensionista, promovendo novas práticas pedagógicas no Curso de Gemologia." Revista Guará 6, no. 10 (February 4, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.30712/guara.v6i10.19100.
Full textMachado, Daniela Vasconcelos, Jurgen Schnellrath, and Joedy Patricia Cruz Queiroz. "Caracterização Mineralógica e Gemológica das Opalas de Buriti dos Montes – Piauí." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ 43, no. 2 (August 21, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2020_2_415_425.
Full text"Gems & Gemology Challenge, Guidelines for Authors, Book Reviews, and Gemological Abstracts." Gems & Gemology 46, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 74—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5741/gems.46.1.74.
Full text"Gemology." Choice Reviews Online 29, no. 10 (June 1, 1992): 29–5711. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.29-5711.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Gemologia"
Barbosa, Cassandra Terra. "A origem do quartzo green gold: tratamento e ambiente geológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44144/tde-13022014-150426/.
Full textThe hyaline quartz when treated with gamma irradiation, whether followed by heat treatment or not, can develop various hues of green, yellow and brown. These colors cause an increase in the commercial value of the quartz and colored varieties are often cut and used as gems, however, the result depends on its chemical composition and its geological environment. Some hues obtained through this treatment are not found in nature, as is the case of greenish-yellow hue; when the hyaline quartz develops this color itis known as \"green gold\". This study has as its mainobjective to analyze the formation of yellow-greenish hues developed by hyaline quartz crystals after irradiation and heattreatment, as well as to correlate the colors obtained from the geological environment and the chemical elements responsible for color. For this, 97 quartz samples were used, 93 of which were \"green gold\" quartz and 4 natural morion quartz, from pegmatites of Santana do Araguaia (PA) and hydrothermal veins near the Joaquim Felício (MG), respectively. The \"green gold\" quartz crystals were divided into 17 groups and the morion quartz samples were only 1 group, the criteria for separating the groups being the different hues. A sample from each group was kept original to be used as a standard, and later compared to the colors obtained. All groups of Santana do Araguaia - PA were heated to 330° C to lose color and be re-treated. After that, these lots were irradiated with 330kGy using a source of Co-60 and then heated to a temperature that ranged from 217° C to 330° C.The morion quartz group of Joaquim Felício - MG was only heated under the same conditions oftemperature. The colors developed after the treatment were visually classified by CMYK method and analyzed through visible spectroscopy. The data obtained have been compared to the colors of the standard samples. None of the groups from the pegmatites of Santana do Araguaia - PA developed the original color, only yellowish and brownish hues. Onlyone sample developed a peculiar green color after the re-treatment. The crystals of Joaquim Felício-MG, when heated, became grayish-brown. The results of this study suggest that the colors obtained in the process of production of the \"green gold\" quartz are related to the number of times that the quartz samples are treated, the dose of gamma irradiation and temperatures used, the origin of the mineral, and its chemical composition.
Correa, Monica. "Variedades gemológicas de quartzo na Bahia, geologia, mineralogia, causas de cor, e técnicas de tratamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44144/tde-20012011-114502/.
Full textBesides Minas Gerais, Goiás and Rio Grande do Sul, Bahia is worldwide known for its richness in minerals of industrial and gemological interest. Up to this day, more than 30 minerals of gemological use are known (Tavares et. al. 1998) One of the main gemological material is quartz, used currently in large amounts for jewelry due to its fair value and good response of color treatments by irradiation and heat. Most of the quartz is found and mined in the Espinhaço , Chapada Diamantina and Jacobina belts either as colorless quartz or as amethyst. The colorless variety is sometimes prone to treatments that induce color centers resulting in black (Morion), brown (Smoky), yellow(Citrine), green (Prasiolite) gemstones. Very few work exists dealing with the geological evolution, control of mineralization, estimation of quantities and possible treatments of these materials. The results of this work is a contribution to the knowledge of the metalogenic evolution of the studied areas and includes the location of all known occurrences of quartz from Bahia. It could be shown that most of the quartz from Bahia state is located mainly in a hydrothermal environment crosscutting the quartzites and arkosic rocks of the Espinhaço Supergroup. Field data showed strong tectonic control of the quartz veins, filling low angle traction fractures associated with the thrust belts that formed the Serra do Espinhaço mountain range. The fluids passing through these fractures deposited quartz, as amethyst (Breijinho de Ametista, Jacobina e Sento Sé), colorless and milky quartz and sometimes as citrine. The color of amethyst is due to substitutional iron with oxidation degree 4+, formed by irradiation of ferric iron contained in the tetrahedral of the quartz structure. Smoky colors are formed by irradiation of mainly Al containing quartz, whereas yellow and yellow green colors are formed by the presence of Al and Li. Few occurrences of colorless quartz forming a green variety by irradiation have been documented. Some preliminary results show that the type and intensity of color is determined by the specific environment of formation. More work is clearly needed to clarify the correlation of formation environment and color produced by irradiation and heat treatments.
Zolinger, Iede Terezinha. "Aspectos mineralógicos e econômicos de diamantes das regiões de Chapada dos Guimarães, Poxoréu, Diamantino, Paranatinga e Alto Paraguai, Mato Grosso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44135/tde-29092015-100604/.
Full textDuring this work we carried out a mineralogical investigation based on 4.198 detritic diamond representative of diggings from the municipalities of Chapada dos Guimarães, Poxoréu , Paranatinga, Diamantino e Alto Paraguai , Mato Grosso State. Several parcels of diamond were classified in relation to their crystalline morphology, microstructures, granulometry, color, internal inclusions, fluorescence and gem/industry ratio. Following its characterization the results were correlated to their counterparts of diamonds from kimberlites of South Africa, Lesotho, United State of America, Russia and Australia, as well as placers from Brazil. Concerning the granulometry all studied diamonds revealed a polimodal distribution which was in contrast to the unimodal pattern observed in Kimberlites. This result suggests that the sources of the sampled deposits are related either to more than one Kimberlite source, and/or older regional placer deposits. The main crystallographical feature was the dominance of the dodecahedral crystals which was followed by transitional forms between octahedral and dodecahedral, cleavage fragments, irregular and aggregate. Other crystallographical forms such as octahedral, cube, combinations between octahedral, cube and dodecahedral, pseudo-hexatetrahedral and polycrystalline diamond (carbonado and ballas) are rare. Among the microstructures it have been observed trigons on the flat octahedral faces, terraces, hillocks, micro-disc and network pattern on the rounded dodecahedral surfaces, and tetragonal etch pits on the cube surfaces. Diamond color was broadly classified into colorless, brown, yellow, gray and other categories. The majority are colorless with less amounts of brown, yellow and gray crystals. Other rarer observed colors included green, pink and purple. Under ultraviolet radiation some diamonds were blue luminescent while a small group displayed pink, yellow, green and gray colors. Optical studies revealed that black spots were the most common inclusion inside the diamonds. Moreover, some prismatic colorless and birrefringent mineral inclusions were present and may correspond to olivine. Concerning the ratio gem/industry most of the samples are gem-type diamonds. In a general sense the physical and the morphological pattern observed in the sampled localities agree with other detritic areas of Brazil. Such pattern was predicted since diamond is selected during its mechanical transport. Megadiamonds as well as fancy stones have not been observed during this work.
Rodrigues, Daniel Aparecido da Silva. "Assinatura geoquímica da hematita compacta do Quadrilátero Ferrífero – MG : uma contribuição para a compreensão de sua gênese." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFOP, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6310.
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O estudo da gênese da hematita compacta do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (QFe) é motivo de interesse tanto científico quanto econômico. No entanto, têm-se poucos trabalhos sobre estudos geoquímicos relevantes que possam contribuir para a gênese do minério hematítico. A hematita compacta é um tipo especial de minério de ferro, pois apresenta elevado teor em ferro, baixo teor em sílica e textura maciça. Há certa controvérsia sobre o tipo de mineralização envolvido na formação da hematita compacta, alguns autores defendem a origem supergênica e outros a participação de fluidos hipogênicos-metamórficos-hidrotermais na formação desse tipo de minério. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o entendimento da gênese da hematita compacta. As amostras para estudo foram coletadas em três regiões distintas do QFe: Complexo Itabirito (Minas do Pico, Galinheiro e Sapecado), Complexo Fazendão (Minas São Luiz, Tamanduá e Almas) e Complexo Itabira (Minas Conceição e Periquito). Foram coletadas amostras de hematita compacta e amostras de itabirito, com a intenção de comparar e verificar se há semelhança geoquímica entre ambas, sobretudo no que se refere à composição de elementos-traços, inclusive os elementos terras raras (ETR’s). Fez-se a caracterização mineralógica das amostras por técnicas microscópicas (Microscopia Óptica e MEV-EDS) e por DRX. A composição da hematita compacta é bastante simples, sendo constituída, essencialmente, por hematita (valor médio de Fe2O3 = 98,0%). Em todas as amostras foram observados a presença de magnetita (FeO.Fe2O3 = 3,0 a 20,0%) e, ainda em algumas amostras foram evidenciados a martitização, que é um processo de alteração oxidativa, em que a magnetita se transforma em hematita. Já as amostras de itabirito são constituídas, principalmente, por camadas alternadas de hematita e quartzo. A determinação de ferro total foi realizada pelo método titulométrico com dicromato de potássio, os valores obtidos variaram de 98,51 a 99,86%; 87,45 a 98,51% e 98,59 a 99,74% para as amostras de hematita compacta dos Complexos Itabirito, Fazendão e Itabira, respectivamente. Todas as amostras apresentam valores de óxido ferroso (FeO) inferiores a 1,0%. As análises geoquímicas foram realizadas para se determinar os elementos maiores e menores por ICP-OES e a determinação dos elementos-traços, inclusive os ETR’s + Y (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Tm, Yb e Lu) por ICP-MS. As amostras de hematita compacta do Complexo Itabirito são as que apresentam maiores teores de Fe total médio e maiores teores médio de elementos-traços analisados quando comparado com os outros complexos estudados. Todas as amostras analisadas apresentam anomalias positiva de Eu, indicando uma possível contribuição de fontes hidrotermais na formação da hematita compacta. A maioria das amostras apresentam anomalias positivas de Ce, sugerindo uma ambiente redutor na época de formação dessas amostras. A variação na concentração de elementos-traços, inclusive os ETR’s + Y, pode indicar heterogeneidade na concentração original dos fluidos mineralizantes ou nos processos envolvidos na gênese desse minério. Apesar das variações de concentração, observa-se um enriquecimento dos ETRP em relação aos ETRL na maioria das amostras. ______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: The study of the genesis of compact hematite of the Iron Quadrangle (QFe) is the subject of much scientific interest as economic. However, there have been few studies on relevant geochemical studies which contribute to the genesis of hematite ore. The compact hematite is a special type of iron ore, it has a high iron content, low silica content and massive texture. There is some controversy about the type of mineralization involved in the formation of compact hematite, some authors advocate the supergene origin and the participation of other hypogene-metamorphic-hydrothermal fluids in the formation of this type of ore. This paper goal is to contribute to the understanding of the genesis of compact hematite. Samples for the study were collected in three different regions of the QFe: Itabirito complex (Pico Mine, Galinheiro Mine and Sapecado Mine), Fazendão Complex (São Luiz Mine, Tamanduá Mine and Almas Mine) and Itabira Complex (Conceição Mine and Periquito Mine). Samples of compact hematite and itabirite samples were collected with the intention to compare and check for geochemical similarity between them, particularly with regard to the composition of trace elements including rare earth elements (REE's). There was the mineralogical characterization of samples for microscopic techniques (optical microscopy and SEM-EDS) and XRD. The composition of compact hematite is quite simple, being comprised essentially of hematite (Fe2O3 average = 98.0%). In all samples were observed the presence of magnetite (FeO.Fe2O3 = 3.0 – 20.0%) and even in some samples were shown martite formation, which is an oxidative modification process in which magnetite is converted to hematite. The Itabirite samples consist mainly of alternating layers of iron and quartz. The total iron determination was carried out by titration method with potassium dichromate, values obtained ranged from the 98,51-99.86%; 87.45-98.51% e 98.59 – 99.74% for the samples of compact hematite Itabirite Complex, Fazendão Complex and Itabira Complex, respectively. All the samples show values ferrous oxide (FeO) below 1.0%. The geochemical analisis were performed to determine the major and minor elements by ICP-OES and the determination of trace elements, including REE's + Y (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) by ICP-MS. Samples of compact hematite from Itabirito Complex are those with higher average total Fe content and higher average levels of trace elements analyzed when compared to the other studied complex. All samples had positive anomalies of Eu, indicating a possible contribution of hydrothermal vents in the formation of compact hematite. Most positive samples show anomalies of Ce, suggesting a reducing environment at the time of formation of these samples. The variation in the concentration of trace elements, including REE’s + Y, may indicate heterogeneity in the original concentration of mineralizing fluids or processes involved in the genesis of the ore. Despite the variations in concentration, there was an enrichment of HREE relative to LREE at most samples.
Nadur, Angela Vido. "O design de gemas através dos enfoques: Mineralogia, Tribologia e Design." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44144/tde-23022015-073929/.
Full textThis thesis aims to describe the procedure of gemstone cutting regarding its mineralogical characteristics, production and Design. Chosen gemstones underwent usual mechanical procedures for gemstone cutting and were then subject to tribology analysis. Gemstone cutting was developed through an empirical process, in which can be described by science with rotation speed, applied strength, and brightness are parameters judged by the lapidary and evaluated visually. Herein the main mineralogical parameters that optimize gemstone cutting are emphasized, namely: crystallographic axes and polish orientation relationship (hardness, polishing direction); the choice of polishing powders and lubricants according to the mineral chemical composition; their influence on the flatness of surface; refraction indexes and critical angles (used to determine the ideal pavilion angles), and their applications concerning Design. Six groups of gem minerals abundant in Brazil and vastly used in the jewelry industry were used for this study: garnet, topaz, beryl, tourmaline, spodumene and quartz. The cutting processes were performed both in Brazil and in Germany. The faceted gemstones brightness and roughness were determined and compared with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) micrographs. In addition, the minerals and polishing powder grains went through complementary analysis, such as: Vickers micro hardness tests on all crystallographic axes and evaluation of grain size, shape, chemical composition and its influence on flatness of surface, respectively. All tests were performed to better correlate minerals, polishing powders and faceting angles. The evaluation criteria included surface quality and light reflection standards. Lastly, this thesis aims to apply the knowledge acquired in this work to develop Gemstone Design. Gemstone cutting quality standards allow for further comprehension of mineral \"behavior\" during its processing and open future possibilities on cutting quality enhancement and excellence to develop of new shapes for faceted gemstones.
Iwata, Sandra Akemi. "Aspectos genéticos e características mineralógicas do crisoberilo das lavras de esmeraldas de ferros e hematita - MG." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44135/tde-18112015-111430/.
Full textNortheast of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, a series of emeralf, aquamarine and chrysoberyl occurrences delineate a region of beryllium mineralizations. In the present work, the chrysoberyl from the Esmeraldas de Ferros Mine was investigated, regarding its mineralogical properties, mode of occurrence and formation. For means of comparation, alexandrite from the Hematita Mine was also subject of analyses. The geological framework comprises metaultramafic rocks, anfiboles and metasediments from the Rio das Velhas and Minas Supergroups, adjacent to a granitic-gneissic unit equivalent to the Borrachudos Granite and informally named Açucena Orthogneiss. At the primary occurrence of Esmeraldas de Ferro, a rarely described association is encountered, where alexandrite variety of the chrysoberyl crystallized during the infiltration of Be-rich fluids through a metasedimentary rock, a graphite bearing biotite schist belonging to the Monlevade Gneiss. Based on information about the geological setting, microthermometry data and beryllium mineral stabilities, the conditions under which the aforesaid genetic process took place could be estimated. The obtained values, with a temperature at 700°C and a pressure around 5,5kbar, are in accordance with field evidence and experimental work undertaken by other researchers which suggest conditions approaching anatexy for the stability of the chrysoberyl and quartz association. In this high metamorphic environment CO2, trapped as high density fluid inclusions in quartz veins, played as important role during the mineralization, acting as a transport media for Be and favouring chrysoberyl precipitation in place of beryl, by reducing silica activity. Comparing the alexandrites from Esmeraldas de Ferros and Hematita, the most striking differences concern morphology and gemological properties: whereas the alexandrite from Esmeraldas de Ferros is found as small crystals and fragments (under 0,5cm), with low transparency, rich in solid inclusions and showing cat\'s eye effect, the material recovered at Hematita contains larger, highly transparent fragments with rare solid inclusions, attributes which confer high gemological value. The presence of graphite inclusions, not described in alexandrites from other localities and yet, is considered typical for the material from Esmeraldas de Ferros. Regarding the chemical composition, the main difference corresponds to the lower \'Fe IND.2\' \' O IND.3\' contents in the Esmeraldas de Ferros materials as compared to that from Hematita, and which is responsible for the bluish colours in the former. The infrared absorption spectra and the solid inclusions can be considered distinctive for the alexandrites from the Esmeraldas de Ferros in comparison to synthetic material.
Azevedo, Dionisio Tadeu de. "Os turmalina granitos de Perus, SP: aspectos geológicos e petrográficos." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44135/tde-25092015-111013/.
Full textThe main purpose of this Project is to reach a better understanding of the geology and petrography of the tourmaline granites of Perus, SP, and their structural and geologic relationship with other major nearby granite occurrences. As groundwork, a compiled map is presented on a 1:100,000 scale, based on several graduate theses, depicting the geology and mainly the distribution of the granitic masses in the Guarulhos and Santana do Parnaíba sheets (the Cantareira, Taipas, Itaqui, Tico-Tico, Itaim and Mairiporã massifs, as well as other smaller and deformed occurrences, which some authors consider pre-Brasiliano). A discussion on granites observed within the basement rocks of the state of São Paulo focuses on their geology, distribution and ages, showing that the latest U/Pb dates indicate an intrusion pattern with peak activity for the syn- and late-tectonic granites at about 630 and 580 Ma, respectively. A geologic map, scale 1:5,000, constitutes the base for the present study, detailing occurrence and distribution of the tourmaline granites and associated smaller outcrops, as well as those of the Taipas and the central-western part of the Cantareira massif. The Taipas granite is constituted by three main separate stocks and some smaller outcrops, surrounded by the Serra do itaberaba Group (schists) as country rocks; it is a porphyritic biotite graniodiorite to monzogranite, with hornblende and very little KF in the matrix. The Cantareira massif forms here a prominent topographic height, separated from the Taipas granite and the tourmaline granites by shear faults, as suggested by regional mapping. The locally predominant facies is a porphyric biotite monzogranite, more evolved than the Taipas rock, with no honblende and KF in the matrix. The rocks of Tico-Tico massif, further away, were also described; it is a two mica syenogranite with garnet, with a composition clearly reflecting the origin by melting of crustal rocks. The tourmaline granites, and associated rocks, are found as small stocks (the larger one about 250 x 150 m in size) and many smaller concordant or discordant bodies (veins, lenses, dikes), within the country schists, frequently observed only as white alteration patches. The stocks (tourmaline granites) and lesser bodies (either granites or pegmatites) are concentrated within a rather small area, defined by two shear systems: one trending NE, regionally predominant, and another with a NW trend. A third system, E-W, is subordinate and was observed in the NE shear system, to the N of the mapped area, up to the Mairiporã region. The tourmaline granite stocks present three different petrographic facies: banded, homogeneous and internal pegmatitic. The banded facies is predominant, while the homogeneous variety is rather restricted; the first one is, modally, a granodiorite, the second a monzogranite. The internal pegmatitic facies occurs both as concordant veins and as a discordant veins, dikes, and masses, sometimes making up a significant part (20 to 40%) of some of the stocks. Main minerals are, in all facies, KF, plagioclase (oligoclase), quartz and tourmaline (usually black schorlite, with the beige-greenish and rosy varieties rather common in the larger pegmatitic masses), and garnet and apatite as accessory phases; a large number of secondary minerals is found, in fractures, as replacement rosettes, etc. (white micas, U minerals, etc.). The banded facies (typically, thickness of 3 to 7 cm) is constituted by a sequence of bands and layers, each which a lower quartz-enriched level of horizon, an intermediate feldspar-rich level with some tourmaline and a distinctive upper level enriched in tourmaline. These modal variations are frequently accompanied by an increase in grain size (normal pattern with grain-size increase), sometimes with no textural changes (normal equigranular pattern). The bands or layers form continuous sequences of up to several tens of bands, each band maintaining its thickness, modal variation, etc. The layering is always complexly folded (\"refolding pattern\"), as a result of a syn-magmatic deformation episode, therefore not of tectonic origin. The concordant pegmatite veins form as the result of fluid concentration during crystallization are mainly mobilized portions of the concordant veins, disrupting an existing layering with further concentration in favorable sites, in an overall continuous process of magmatic crystallization and differentiation. Mechanisms that generate the layering in these tourmaline granites cannot be merely controlled by gravitational processes, but are probably the result of double diffusive convection. It is difficult to reconcile field evidence with the idea that tourmaline granite magmas were differentiated from less evolved magmas in the Cantareira massif. Geology and topography show no relationships of the Cantareira massif, probably crystallized at greater depths, with the tourmaline occurrences, both separated by shear zones. Ages for both are also inconclusive: published figures show 650 or 570 Ma for the tourmaline granites, and 67-630 or 570 Ma for the porphyritic Cantareira rocks. The origin of the magmas that formed the tourmaline granites are still a debated item, awaiting more conclusive isotopic and geochronologic evidence.
Nadur, Angela Vido. "A lapidação de gemas no panorama brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44144/tde-05052010-161420/.
Full textThis work started with a compilation of informations, written and of oral means, to unravel the history of gem cutting from his earliest time to the present situation in Brasil. The scientific part stresses the identification and the use of the physical and optical properties to increase the yield by gemstone cutting. It is shown that the critical angle is the most important property for each branch, the diamond as well the colored gemstone cutting.Gem cutting is the transformation of the rough to a form accepted by the jeweler, showing his best in color, brilliance, form and symmetry. The development of cutting tools is shown from very early times to the present CNC equipment. It could be shown that there exists a quite good data base for an initial description of the gem cutting industry in Brazil.
Casimiro, Elias Maria. "Aspectos geológicos e mineralógicos da intrusão kimberlítica K3 Fazenda Araçatuba, Município de Paranatinga - MT." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44135/tde-14092015-163332/.
Full textThe kimberlite K3 is characterized as a kimberlite of crater facies with an breccia aspect. At deeper levels it changes into an altered kimberlite with green to brown to red colors and its texture shows a great part of lapilli tuffs with rounded xenoliths of sandstone and siltstones of the Diamantino formation besides xenoliths of border rocks. The mineralogy shows xenocrysts of orange colored and smaller red to wine red garnets. The matrix is constituted by altered olivine phlogopite and ilmenite. The kimberlite K3 is an oval-shaped NW-SE oriented body. It\'s main dimensions are about 240x140m. The stratigraphic piling of the rocks next to the kimberlite K3 is constituted by slightly metamorphosed shales and sandstone of the Cambrian Diamantino Formation and Tertiary - Quaternary cover. Analyses of the heavy minerals such as the garnet carried out by the use of an electron microprobe shows two populations of garnet in the kimberlite K3. They belong to the group 1 and 9 of Mitchell (1975). Analyses of 83 garnet crystals shows varying amounts of Cr2O3 (0.2 - 5.7%), CaO (3.4 - 5.21%), FeO (7.7 - 10%), MgO (19.8 - 21%) and TiO2 (04 - 0.22%). They belong to the suite of peridotitic garnets of lherzolitic class. On the ternary diagram CaO-MgO-FeO, one can observe that all garnet samples of the K3 kimberlite project on the field of G9 garnets. On other diagrams, such as MgO/(MgO + FeO) x Cr2O3/Cr2O3 + Al2O3) all samples of granets from kimberlite pipe K3 follow the peridotitic trend. The ilmentes analysed are magnesian ilmenites of kimberlitic type, with amounts of TiO3 (50,89 - 53.15%). Cr2O3 (0.13 - 1.09%), Fe2O3 (4.86 - 8.32), FeO (22.7 - 25.52%), e MgO (9.98 - 14.16%). On the diagram FeTiO3 - MgTiO - Fe2O3, the analysis show a concentration in the kimberlitic field. It is concluded that the garnets of this pipe were formed at a depth of approximately 120 km and brought to the surface by the uprise of the kimberlitic magma. In spite of indications that the magma was formed in the fertile astenosferic mantle, the chemical compositions of ilmenites and garnet suggest unfavorable oxidisting conditions for the preservation of diamond.
Cavallaro, Tatiana Ruiz. "Caracterização física, mineralógica e gemológica de diamantes coloridos da coleção do Museu de Geociências." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44144/tde-11112008-122503/.
Full textThis work presents results of an analysis of 49 colored diamonds from the Luiz Paixão Collection, donated 1954 to the Geological Museum of Geoscience Institute of University of São Paulo. They have been measured, photographed and some have been selected for detailed spectroscopic analysis by UV/VIS spectroscopy. By this method it is possible to detect if the color of the diamond is natural or produced by treatment. The presence of specific absorption peaks and their intensity in the spectrograms revealed that all blue and green diamonds indeed showed signs of treatment and their color is not natural. This is a very interesting fact and shows that already in times before the donation treated diamonds were apparently easily available in Brasil. Considering the paucity of nuclear reactors in the United States or in Europe in those times this result is very surprising.
Books on the topic "Gemologia"
Branco, Pércio de Moraes. Dicionário de mineralogia e gemologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil: Oficina de Textos, 2008.
Find full textW. Dan Hausel. Minerals and rocks of Wyoming. Laramie, Wyo. (P.O. Box 3008, University Station, Laramie 82071): Geological Survey of Wyoming, 1986.
Find full textW. Dan Hausel. Minerals & Rocks of Wyoming: A Guide for Collectors, Prospectors, Rock Hounds & the Layman. Wyoming: Wyoming Geological Survey, 2005.
Find full textSinkankas, John. Gemology: An annotated bibliography. Metuchen, N.J: Scarecrow Press, 1993.
Find full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. Dictionary of Gems and Gemology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5.
Full textservice), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Dictionary of Gems and Gemology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.
Find full textInternational Gemological Symposium (4th 2006 San Diego, Calif.). Proceedings of the 4th International Gemological Symposium & GIA Gemological Research Conference: August 2006, San Diego, California. Carlsbad, CA: Gemological Institute of America, 2006.
Find full textKhan, Tahseenullah. Gems and gemmology in Pakistan. Islamabad: Geological Survey of Pakistan, 2010.
Find full textOstrooumov, Mikhail. Espectrometría infrarroja de reflexión en mineralogía avanzada, gemología y arqueometría. México, D. F: Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autobnoma de Mebxico, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Gemologia"
Gübelin, Edward J. "Gemological Characteristics of Pakistani Emeralds." In Emeralds of Pakistan, 75–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5826-6_4.
Full textMarfunin, A. S., J. Shigley, M. Gaft, G. Panczer, and V. S. Balitsky. "Gemology and Jewelry: Scientific and Technological." In Advanced Mineralogy, 395–432. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18154-2_6.
Full textMatlins, Antoinette Leonard, and Antonio C. Bonanno. "How to Select a Reputable Gemologist-Appraiser." In Jewelry & Gems The Buying Guide, 177–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7463-3_18.
Full textNikolaev, Anatoliy G. "Use of Modern Spectroscopy Methods in Applied Gemology." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 161–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49468-1_21.
Full textSerdari, Thomaï. "Diamonds, Development, and Dollars: A Case Study on a Newly Founded Gemological Lab in Botswana Aiming at Sustainable Community Empowerment." In Sustainable Management of Luxury, 191–210. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2917-2_9.
Full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. "A a." In Dictionary of Gems and Gemology, 1–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5_1.
Full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. "J j." In Dictionary of Gems and Gemology, 260–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5_10.
Full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. "K k." In Dictionary of Gems and Gemology, 267–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5_11.
Full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. "L l." In Dictionary of Gems and Gemology, 277–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5_12.
Full textManutchehr-Danai, Mohsen. "M m." In Dictionary of Gems and Gemology, 297–325. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04288-5_13.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Gemologia"
Dirlam, Dona Mary, Rose Tozer, Cathleen Jonathan, Paula Rucinski, Sheryl Elen, and Chris Rogers. "JOHN SINKANKAS AND GEMOLOGY: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-301668.
Full textOREN, Ufuk. "INVESTIGATIONS ON MINERO-PETROGRAPHIC, SPECTROSCOPIC and GEMOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PYROXENE CRYSTALS IN PEGMATITE GABBRO." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/1.1/s01.006.
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