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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gender and Literature

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Academic literature on the topic 'Gender and Literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gender and Literature"

1

Gordic-Petkovic, Vladislava. "Gender roles and gender stereotypes in teaching literature." Temida 15, no. 3 (2012): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1203115g.

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Gender, identity and sexuality have to be more closely integrated into the broader discussion of literature and language, which can be achieved only through wider application of literary texts in the teaching process. Teaching literature to students of English serves not only the purpose of building an understanding of the human experience, but also tackles the issues of femininity and masculinity and helps sensitize the students to the gender differences and the codes of patriarchal society which result in male dominance. Poems by Emily Dickinson, Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton have proved as valuable texts in teaching gender, as will be discussed in the paper, which focuses on Plath?s ?Lady Lazarus? and the strategies the educator can select in order to achieve the desired objective.

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Kirina, O. V. "Gender in Literature: Discursive Aspects." Voprosy sovremennoj nauki i praktiki. Universitet imeni V.I. Vernadskogo, no. 2(56) (2015): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/voprosy.2015.02.pp.125-131.

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Musgamy, Awaliah, Muhammad Rusydi, and Kurniati Kurniati. "Gender Mainstreaming in Arabic Literature." Jurnal Al Bayan: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 12, no. 2 (September 2, 2020): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v12i2.6468.

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Arabic literature is a means of gender mainstreaming which is very rich in gender issues. This is based on the social fact that Arab society in its historical footsteps has a stereotype as a community that is very thick with its patriarchal culture. Consequently, the social condition which is less responsive to gender influences the birth of Arabic literary works in various types in which gender issues such as marginalization of women, subordination of women to men, violence, negative stereotypes, and others. This article is qualitative research by using feminist Arabic literary criticism as a perspective, gender mainstreaming in Arabic literature is carried out by tracing the gender issues that exist in Arabic literature in its various forms. Through feminist Arabic literary criticism, various theories of feminist literary criticism consisting of ideological criticism, gynocritical criticism, socialist criticism, psychoanalytic criticism, ethnic criticism, and lesbian criticism, are applied in transforming and reconstructing gender-responsive relations between men and women.

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Abinaya, R. Munish. "Gender and Disability in Literature." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i1.10364.

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Literature is something which transfers the thoughts and prespectives of the author to the readers and thus results the success of any literary work on the other hand it reflects the society. This paper describes the differences which is prevailing among the human community that has the power to destroy them too. Disability, is the physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements,senses or activities. Though the people live together they are strongly rooted with their differences. Both Gender and disability has ruined the dreams of many achievers and there are few who have over came all those in the journey towards their goals.

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Lesnik-Oberstein, Karín. "Gender, Childhood and Children’s Literature." Asian Women 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14431/aw.2016.06.32.2.1.

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Langlands, Rebecca. "Latin Literature." Greece and Rome 63, no. 1 (March 29, 2016): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383515000297.

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Among a wealth of excellent studies and translations of individual Latin authors (Plautus, Catullus, Lucretius, Cicero, Ovid, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the Younger, Martial, Juvenal, and Statius), I was delighted also to find packed into my crate of review books the latest work by Anthony Corbeill, Sexing the World. With the innovative sociological-cum-philological approach familiar from his previous works, which belongs to cultural history as much as to literary and linguistic studies, Corbeill here tackles the question of how grammatical gender in ancient Latin language maps on to, and influences, a Roman cultural worldview that is binary and ‘heterosexual’, where grammatical gender is identified with biological gender. His study argues for the material implications of apparently ‘innocent’ grammatical categories. As a case study focusing on the Latin language and its relation to Roman culture and thought, it also makes a contribution to wider debates about how language shapes human perception of the world. Corbeill's main focus is on the Romans’ own narratives about the origins of their binary gender categories in a time of primordial fluidity, a ‘mystical lost time’ (134), that is reflected in the story told in each chapter, where transgressing gender boundaries is a source of power for gods and poets alike. In Chapter 1 the narrative in question is formed by the etymologizing accounts of the very grammatical term genus as fundamentally associated with procreation, and in Chapter 2 by Latin explanations for non-standard gender of nouns, with Chapter 3 being a demonstration of how Latin poets tap into the supposedly fluid origins of grammatical gender, to access their mystical power. In Chapter 4 the story is of how the androgynous gods of old became more rigidly assigned to one gender or another over time, while in Chapter 5 the shift is from the numinous duality of intersex people to the more mundane concern that they should be categorized in legal terms as either male or female. Each chapter, as Corbeill says, represents a self-contained treatment of a particular aspect of Latin gender categories; in sequence each can also be seen to trace a similar trajectory, from flux to binary certainty. In every case, it seems, early gender fluidity is represented by the Romans as gradually hardening into a clear binary differentiation between male and female. Corbeill is less interested in the reality of these narratives than in what they themselves tells us about Roman attitudes towards sex and gender, with their essentializing message about a heterosexual gender framework. With its wide-ranging erudition, clear and compelling prose, and fascinating insights of broad relevance, this is a thought-provoking study, even though it leaves many questions unanswered, especially in relation to the role of the neuter (‘neither’) gender and its interplay with the compound ‘both-ness’ of hermaphrodites.

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Baikovitch, Gilda, and Rosalind Marsh. "Gender and Russian Literature: New Perspectives." Modern Language Review 94, no. 1 (January 1999): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3736111.

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Zirin, Mary, and Rosalind Marsh. "Gender and Russian Literature: New Perspectives." Slavic and East European Journal 41, no. 3 (1997): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/310199.

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Szántó, Zsuzsa, and Éva Susánszky. "Gender and health: a literature review." Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 11, no. 4 (December 2010): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mental.11.2010.4.2.

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Cole, Ellen. "Gender Portrayal in Jewish Children's Literature." Judaica Librarianship 8, no. 1 (September 1, 1994): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14263/2330-2976.1235.

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Current concerns with equality and equity focus the spotlight on gender, especially in a patriarchal religion and its observances, customs, and literature. When boys and girls read Jewish books they receive an image through word and picture of Jewish girls and women. This image can vary if the subject of the story is religious or cultural, if the time frame is past or present, if the locale is familiar or foreign, or if the plot conflict involves a male or another female. Gender can shift the fulcrum when the world seesaws between unfair and un equal. Books contain implicit and explicit norms about 'what little girls are made of.' This article examines the picture of the Jewish female found on the pages of various types of children's books including biblical, religious, historical, and secular experiences at reading levels from primary through young adult (Kindergarten-High School).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gender and Literature"

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Tsang, Ching-man Irene, and 曾靜雯. "Gender and gender roles in Virginia Woolf." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38598747.

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Panya, Orathai. "Gender and sexuality in Thai erotic literature." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430881.

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Kapphahn, Krista R. L. "Gender and genre in Welsh Arthurian literature." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/830d28a1-f27b-4d4c-9107-e1bed5c304c1.

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This project is a study of gender and genre in medieval Welsh Arthurian texts, focusing on variations between the so-called 'heroic' and 'courtly' genres, both of which underwent considerable adaptation within a Welsh milieu. It establishes models for the examination of gender in medieval Welsh texts: the competing masculine ideologies of heroism and chivalry, the clergy, and the bards; the feminine models which divide primarily on biological lines and include maidens, mothers and witches as well as the enduring motif of the sovereignty goddess. I discuss what we may term a 'native' version of Arthur – that is, texts not displaying the influence of either Geoffrey of Monmouth, the verse romances of Chrétien de Troyes, or the many other English and continental Arthurian adaptations – and explore how gender is used within a heroic and nostalgic genre to reflect an idealised Welsh past. Finally I focuse on the three so-called 'Welsh romances', Welsh translatio of courtly French poems which likely originated at least partly from native tales. Here the inherent difficulty in reconciling the ideals of the native 'heroic' tradition and the continental 'chivalric' one, very much in fashion in the high middle ages, becomes most apparent. Through examining both explicit and subtextual ideologies within the texts, I show that the Welsh redactors were creating a consciously hybrid, Welsh product using facets of important literary genres.

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Msiska, Hangson Burnett Kazinga. "Gendered subjectivity : a study of gender ideology in contemporary African popular literature." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24392.

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This is a study of gender ideology in African popular literature published from the seventies onwards. First the thesis argues that, far from being merely the demonised Other of high literature, contemporary African popular literature can be profitably studied as a distinct modality of ideological signification. Secondly, it is argued that there are three dominant modes of representation of gender ideology in contemporary African popular literature. There is the conservative model which merely reproduces dominant gender ideology in a fictive modality. Then there are those texts which operate with a liberal model of ideological representation, within which the principle of pragmatic management of crisis within gender ideology is contained by an ideological ambivalence. The third mode of representation of dominant gender ideology employs a radical reading of gender difference and goes beyond mere analysis to envisioning the possibility of gender egalitarianism. Each mode of representation is illustrated by an in-depth study of select texts. All in all, what is offered is a materialist theory of cultural authenticity and taxonomy.

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Tsang, Ching-man Irene. "Gender and gender roles in Virginia Woolf." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38598747.

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Cramer, David Wayne. "The power of gender and the gender of power in ancient Rome /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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McIver, Victoria. "Psychoanalytic feminism: a systematic literature review of gender." AUT University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/905.

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Using a modified, systematic literature review I will examine issues of subjectivity, gender, and differnce in relation to psychoanalytic feminist theory. Psychoanalytic feminism evolved out of a reaction to classical psychoanalytic theory. In particular, the works of Chodorow (1978), Kristeva, (1977, 1989) and Benjamin (1988) were used. The literature revew will discuss the development of these theoretical perspectives and the understanding of subjectivity, gender and difference in psychoanalytic feminism and the implication this has for clinical practice.

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Graysmith, Leah. "Sex and gender in the equine in literature." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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Jose, Laura. "Madness and gender in late-medieval English literature." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/217/.

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This thesis discusses presentations of madness in medieval literature, and the ways in which these presentations are affected by (and effect) ideas of gender. It includes a discussion of madness as it is commonly presented in classical literature and medical texts, as well as an examination of demonic possession (which shares many of the same characteristics of madness) in medieval exempla. These chapters are followed by a detailed look at the uses of madness in Malory’s Morte Darthur, Gower’s Confessio Amantis, and in two autobiographical accounts of madness, the Book of Margery Kempe and Hoccleve’s Series. The experience of madness can both subvert and reinforce gender roles. Madness is commonly seen as an invasion of the self, which, in a culture which commonly identifies masculinity with bodily intactness, can prove problematic for male sufferers. Equally, madness, in prompting violent, ungoverned behaviour, can undermine traditional definitions of femininity. These rules can, however, be reversed. Malory’s Morte Darthur presents a version of masculinity which is actually enhanced by madness; equally divergent is Margery Kempe’s largely positive account of madness as a catalyst for personal transformation. While there is a certain consistency in the literary treatment of madness – motifs and images are repeated across genres – the way in which these images are used can alter radically. There is no single model of madness in medieval literature: rather, it is always fluid. Madness, like gender, remains open to interpretation.

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Valman, Nadia Deborah. "Jews and gender in British literature 1815-1865." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1564.

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This thesis examines the variety of relationships between Jews and gender in early to mid-nineteenth century British literature, focussing particularly on representations of and by Jewish women. It reconstructs the social, political and literary context in which writers produced images and narratives about Jews, and considers to what extent stereotypes were reproduced, appropriated, or challenged. In particular it examines the ways in which questions of gender were linked to ideas about religious or racial difference in the Victorian period. The study situates literary representations of Jews within the context of contemporary debates about the participation of the Jews in the life of the modern state. It also investigates the ways in which these political debates were gendered, looking in particular at the relationship between the cultural construction of femininity and English national identity. It first considers Victorian culture's obsession with Rebecca, the Jewess created in Walter Scott's influential novel Ivanhoe (1819). It examines Rebecca's refusal to convert to Christianity in the context of Scott's discussion of racial separatism and modern national unity. Evangelical writers like Annie Webb, Amelia Bristow and Mrs Brendlah were prolific literary producers, and preoccupied with converting Jewish women. Particularly during the 18'40s and 1850s, evangelical writing provided an important forum for the construction and consolidation of women's national identity. Grace Aguilar's writing was an attempt to understand Jewish identity within the terms of Victorian domestic ideology. In contrast, Celia and Marion Moss, in their historical romances, offered narratives of female heroism and national liberation, drawing on the contemporary debate about slavery. Benjamin Disraeli's construction of a "tough version of Jewish identity was a response both to the contemporary stereotype of the feminised Jew and to the debate about Jewish emancipation. It also drew on the virile ideology of the Young England movement of the 1840s.

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Books on the topic "Gender and Literature"

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Women, gender, and literature. Dhaka: Academic Press and Publishers, 2003.

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Dane, Alexandra. Gender and Prestige in Literature. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49142-0.

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Gender and literature: A systems study. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 2001.

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Marsh, Rosalind J. Gender and Russian literature: New Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Rousselle, Elizabeth Smith. Gender and Modernity in Spanish Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137439888.

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Scott, Bonnie Kime. Gender and modernism. London: Routledge, 2008.

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Scott, Bonnie Kime. Gender and modernism. London: Routledge, 2008.

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Romanticism & gender. New York: Routledge, 1993.

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Gender. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Colebrook, Claire. Gender. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gender and Literature"

1

Mcguire, Matt, and Nicolas Tredell. "Gender." In Contemporary Scottish Literature, 62–91. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07008-1_4.

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Lui, Lake. "Literature Review." In Re-negotiating Gender, 17–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4848-4_2.

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Plunkett, John, Ana Parejo Vadillo, Regenia Gagnier, Angelique Richardson, Rick Rylance, and Paul Young. "Gender and Sexuality." In Victorian Literature, 71–97. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-35701-3_4.

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McQuown, Nina Budabin. "Literature, Food, and Gender." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_457-1.

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Budabin McQuown, Nina. "Literature, Food, and Gender." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1749–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1179-9_457.

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McQuown, Nina Budabin. "Literature, Food, and Gender." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1338–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0929-4_457.

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Sneddon, Fara Anderson. "Mormon literature and gender." In The Routledge Handbook of Mormonism and Gender, 258–70. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge handbooks in religion: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351181600-21.

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Pinsent, Pat. "Gender Studies and Queer Theory." In Children’s Literature, 109–23. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-33547-0_9.

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Österlund, Mia. "Gender and beyond." In Children's Literature as Communication, 177–200. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sin.2.13ost.

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Swamidoss, Hannah. "Gender, Class, and Marginalization in Beatrix Potter." In Fantasy Literature, 109–22. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-758-0_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gender and Literature"

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Ural, Tülin. "Gender and Landscape in Turkish Literature." In 7th International Conference on Gender Studies: Gender, Space, Place & Culture. Eastern Mediterranean University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/gspc19/634-648/39.

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"Gender Gap in the Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review." In 3rd International Conference on Gender Research. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/igr.20.101.

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Lin, Agnes Liau Wei. "Cognising Gender Differences In Literature Anxiety." In INCoH 2017 - The Second International Conference on Humanities. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.09.77.

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"The Power and the Passion: Representation of Single Motherhood in Contemporary Australian Literature." In 3rd International Conference on Gender Research. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/igr.20.023.

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"Does Gender Influence Leadership Style to Aid Performance in Organizations? A Literature Review." In 3rd International Conference on Gender Research. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/igr.20.165.

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Akhter, Tawhida. "Gender Inequality and Literature: A Contemporary Issue." In 6th International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICOSAPS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201219.090.

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Andalas, Eggy, and Hidayah Qur’ani. "Masculine Domination: Gender Construction in Indonesian Folk Literature." In Proceedings of the 1st Seminar and Workshop on Research Design, for Education, Social Science, Arts, and Humanities, SEWORD FRESSH 2019, April 27 2019, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.27-4-2019.2286838.

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Vranas, K. C., D. Ouyang, A. Lin, C. G. Slatore, M. P. Kerlin, K. Liu, R. M. Baron, et al. "Gender Differences in Authorship of Critical Care Literature." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a4168.

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Schofield, Alexandra, and Leo Mehr. "Gender-Distinguishing Features in Film Dialogue." In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Literature. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-0204.

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Nichols, Henry James. "South African School Youth in Favour of the Teaching and Learning of “Queerness” and about the "Other"–A Contrast to Current literature." In International Conference on Gender and Sexuality. The International Institue of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/26028611.2020.2103.

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Reports on the topic "Gender and Literature"

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Idris, Iffat. Documentation of Survivors of Gender-based Violence (GBV). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.103.

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This review is largely based on grey literature, in particular policy documents and reports by international development organizations. While there was substantial literature on approaches and principles to GBV documentation, there was less on remote service delivery such as helplines – much of this only in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, very little was found on actual examples of GBV documentation in developing contexts. By definition, gender featured strongly in the available literature; the particular needs of persons with disabilities were also addressed in discussions of overall GBV responses, but far less in GBV documentation. GBV documentation refers to the recording of data on individual GBV incidents in order to provide/refer survivors with/to appropriate support, and the collection of data of GBV incidents for analysis and to improve GBV responses. The literature notes that there are significant risks associated with GBV documentation, in relation to data protection. Failure to ensure information security can expose survivors, in particular, to harm, e.g. reprisal attacks by perpetrators, stigma, and ostracism by their families/ communities. This means that GBV documentation must be carried out with great care. A number of principles should always be applied when documenting GBV cases in order to protect survivors and prevent potential negative effects: do no harm, survivor-centered approach, survivor autonomy, informed consent, non-discrimination, confidentiality, and data protection (information security).

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Briggs, Hannah, and Thoai Ngo. The health, economic, and social effect of COVID-19 and its response on gender and sex: A literature review. Population Council, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy14.1031.

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Carter, Becky. Gender Inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood Region. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.062.

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This rapid review examines evidence on the structural causes and drivers of gender inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood region and how these gender inequalities contribute to instability in the region. While the Eastern Neighbourhood region performs relatively well on gender equality compared with the rest of the world, women and girls continue to face systemic political and economic marginalisation and are vulnerable to gender-based violence. Research on Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova identifies the key underlying cause to be a set of traditional patriarchal gender norms, intersecting with conservative religious identities and harmful customary practices. These norms do not operate in isolation: the literature highlights that gender inequalities are caused by the interplay of multiple factors (with women’s unequal economic resources having a critical effect), while overlapping disadvantages affect lived experiences of inequalities. Other key factors are the region’s protracted conflicts; legal reform gaps and implementation challenges; socio-economic factors (including the impact of COVID-19); and governance trends (systemic corruption, growing conservatism, and negative narratives influenced by regional geopolitics). Together these limit women and girls’ empowerment; men and boys are also affected negatively in different ways, while LGBT+ people have become a particular target for societal discrimination in the region. Global evidence – showing that more gender unequal societies correlate with increased instability – provides a frame of reference for the region’s persistent gender inequalities.

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Carter, Becky. Strengthening Gender Equality in Decision-making in Somaliland. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.078.

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This rapid review searched for literature on how and why women continue to struggle in Somaliland to achieve formal political representation and to take on informal decision-making roles on local peace and political matters, from community to national levels. Women’s participation in peacebuilding and political decision-making in Somaliland is very limited. A key barrier is the clan system underpinning Somaliland’s political settlement. Entrenched and politicised, patriarchal clans exclude women (and other minority groups) from formal and customary leadership and decision-making roles. Other contributing factors are conservative religious attitudes and traditional gender norms. Structural inequalities – such as low levels of education, lack of funds, and high levels of violence towards women and girls – impede women’s participation. Some women are more disempowered than others, such as women from minority clans and internally displaced women. However, there is increasing disillusionment with clan politicisation and a growing recognition of women’s value. There are opportunities for framing gender equality in local cultural and religious terms and supporting grassroots activism.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. A Literature Review of the Gender-Differentiated Impacts of Climate Change on Women's and Men's Assets and Well-Being in Developing Countries. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/capriwp106.

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Macdonald, Keir. The Impact of Business Environment Reforms on Poverty, Gender and Inclusion. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.006.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how business environment reforms in middle-income countries impacts on poverty, gender and inclusion. Although, there is limited evidence on the direct impact of business environment reforms on poverty, gender, and inclusion, this review illustrates that there is evidence of indirect effects of such reforms. Business environment reform (BER) targets inadequate business regulations and institutions, in order to remove constraints to business investment and expansion, enabling growth and job creation, as well as new opportunities for international business to contribute to and benefit from this growth. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge of the impact of BER on gender and inclusion (G&I) outcomes, in terms of the potential to remove institutional barriers which exclude formerly marginalised groups from business opportunities, in ways that promote equal access to resources, opportunities, benefits, and services. The literature shows how the business environment affects women in business, and how women’s experiences of a given business environment can be different from those of men. This is the result of disparities in how they are treated under the law, but also based on structural and sociocultural factors which influence how men and women behave in a given business environment and the barriers they face.

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Barker, Gary, Jorge Lyra, and Benedito Medrado. The roles, responsibilities, and realities of married adolescent males and adolescent fathers: A brief literature review. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1004.

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From the perspective of developing countries, we know relatively little about married adolescent males and adolescent fathers, and much of what we know is inferred from research with young women or comes from a few specific regions in the world. However, there has been a growing interest in the issue on the part of researchers, policy-makers, and program staff. This interest has coincided with increasing attention in general to men, with gender studies, and with sexual and reproductive health initiatives. Early marriage and early childbearing are much more prevalent among young women than young men, and the negative consequences are more significant among young women. Nonetheless, it is the behavior and attitudes of men, within social contexts where gender hierarchies favor men over women, that often create young women’s vulnerability. Much of the research and literature on adolescent fathers comes from Latin America, the Caribbean, North America, and Europe. This paper reviews some of the literature on young married men and young fathers, concluding with suggestions for engaging young men to promote better reproductive and sexual health and more favorable life outcomes for married adolescent women and young men.

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Barbuscia, Anna, and Chiara Comolli. Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in health and wellbeing across age in France and Switzerland. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res2.2.

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There is increasing evidence that wellbeing is unequally distributed across sociodemographicgroups in contemporary societies. However, less is known about thedivergence across social groups of trajectories of wellbeing across age groups.This issue is of great relevance in contexts characterised by changing populationstructures and growing imbalances across and within generations, and in whichensuring that everyone has the opportunity to have a happy and healthy life courseis a primary welfare goal. In this study, we investigate wellbeing trends in Franceand Switzerland across age, gender, and socioeconomic status groups. We use twohousehold surveys (the Sant´e et Itin´eraires Professionnels and the Swiss HouseholdPanel) to compare the unfolding inequalities in health and wellbeing across agegroups in two rich countries. We view wellbeing as multidimensional, followingthe literature highlighting the importance of considering different dimensions andmeasures of wellbeing. Thus, we investigate a number of outcomes, includingdifferent measures of physical and mental health, as well as of relational wellbeing,using a linear regression model and a linear probability model. Our findings showinteresting country and dimension-specific heterogeneities in the development ofhealth and wellbeing over age. While our results indicate that there are gender andeducational inequalities in both Switzerland and France, and that gender inequalitiesin mental health accumulate with age in both countries, we also find that educationalinequalities in health and wellbeing remain rather stable across age groups.

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Roberts, Tony, and Kevin Hernandez. Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition: A Literature Review and Proposed Conceptual Framework. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.018.

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This paper begins by locating the Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition project (GODAN) in the context of wider debates in the open data movement by first reviewing the literature on open data and open data for agriculture and nutrition (ODAN). The review identifies a number of important gaps and limitations in the existing literature. There has been no independent evaluation of who most benefits or who is being left behind regarding ODAN. There has been no independent evaluation of gender or diversity in ODAN or of the development outcomes or impacts of ODAN. The existing research on ODAN is over-reliant on key open data organisations and open data insiders who produce most of the research. This creates bias in the data and analysis. The authors recommend that these gaps are addressed in future research. The paper contributes a novel conceptual ‘SCOTA’ framework for analysing the barriers to and drivers of open data adoption, which could be readily applied in other domains. Using this framework to review the existing literature highlights the fact that ODAN research and practice has been predominantly supply-side focused on the production of open data. The authors argue that if open data is to ‘leave no one behind’, greater attention now needs to be paid to understanding the demand-side of the equation and the role of intermediaries. The paper argues that there is a compelling need to improve the participation of women, people living with disabilities, and other marginalised groups in all aspects of open data for agriculture and nutrition. The authors see a need for further research and action to enhance the capabilities of marginalised people to make effective use of open data. The paper concludes with the recommendation that an independent strategic review of open data in agriculture and nutrition is overdue. Such a review should encompass the structural factors shaping the process of ODAN; include a focus on the intermediary and demand-side processes; and identify who benefits and who is being left behind.

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MacDonald, Keir. COVID-19, Global Value Chains, and the Impact on Gender: Evidence from the Garment and Electronics Sectors in Asia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.074.

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This report analyses the impact of COVID-19 on women in the global garment and electronics value chains, with a focus on women working in production in Asia. Building on a previous K4D assessment of COVID-19 and its implications for global value chains (Quak, 2020), this report addresses the need to understand how COVID-19 specifically impacts women in global value chains. The report seeks to answer the question “how have male and female workers been affected differently by the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly regarding employment and the ability to work differently?”. The review presented is based on existing evidence of the gendered impacts of COVID-19 on the garment and electronics value chains in Asia and draws on both academic and grey literature. At the time of research (March 2021), the evidence was relatively sparse, frequently relying on initial surveys completed early on in the pandemic. In addition, data disaggregated by gender is rare. Where these data are not available, our approach is to synthesise what we know about the impact of COVID-19 with what we know about the nature of gender in the garment and electronics sectors and to conclude the likely impacts of COVID-19 on gender.

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