Dissertations / Theses: 'Gene amplificatin'

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George, Rani Elizabeth. "Gene co-amplification with MYCN in neuroblastoma." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363879.

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Santarius, Thomas. "Analysis of gene amplification in human cancer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611463.

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Scott, Deborah Karen. "Identification and characterisation of genes co-amplified with the MYCN oncogene in neuroblastoma." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268359.

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McArthur, James G. "Genetic elements which increase the frequency of gene amplification." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74313.

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Members of the HSAG family of mammalian genomic elements were subcloned into the pSV2-DHFR expression vector and shown to encourage vector amplification in cis when transfected into a variety of cell lines. The interaction of multiple positive acting elements was required for this effect, with the native configuration of these elements in HSAG-1 producing the greatest effect. These positive acting elements; purine-pyrimidine tracts, Alu-like repetitive elements, stem-loop structures, and A+T rich sequences, have been previously associated with "hotspots" for recombination. Analysis of the structure of amplified vector sequences in MTX resistant pSV2-DHFR-HSAG-1 transfectants showed that these cells possessed a greater number of novel-joints indicating that HSAG elements may stimulate local recombination. Other experiments demonstrating an interaction between vector and HSAG sequences support this conclusion. We suggest that the stimulation of local recombination events by HSAG elements during vector amplification produces novel joints which then encourage further amplification.

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5

Heard, Edith. "Analysis of a gene amplification event in rat cells." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46336.

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Banér, Johan. "Genetic analyses using rolling circle or PCR amplified padlock probes /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3339.

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Wong, Ka-lun, and 王嘉倫. "Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193531.

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Tuberculosis (TB), a severe disease caused by Mycobacteria tuberculosis (MTb), remains a globally severe health problem. In modern days, emergence of drug resistant TB is a new threat to public health since it can lead to treatment failure, increased transmission of TB to other hosts and further development of drug resistant complications. The traditional diagnostic method for TB by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear and Löwenstein–Jensen medium (LJ) culture are poor in sensitivity and time consuming respectively. There is a need for rapid diagnosis and identification of MTb. Nucleic acid amplification like PCR and real-time PCR are options for rapid diagnosis. However, such techniques require sophisticated technique and complex equipment. The high cost would constitute a barrier for countries with a high demand but only limited resources. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is a novel technique, proven by many studies as to its high sensitivity and highly specificity to MTb. Most importantly, LAMP assay is economical and affordable by developing countries. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the analytical sensitivity and specificity of LAMP assay. The specificity of LAMP assay was determined by performing LAMP assay on 19 clinical isolates, which had already been identified previously. The clinical isolates included 14 mycobacteria tuberculosis complex (MTb), and five mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) strains that were positive for AFB smear and LJ culture but negative for IS6110 single-tube nested real time PCR. The specificity was 100%. The analytical sensitivity as well as the limit of detection (LOD) were determined by testing on a duplicate set of serial DNA dilution, where each duplicate consisted of dilution of 100,000, 10,000, 1000, 300, 100, 10 and 1 colony forming unit/milliliter (CFU/ml). The LOD of LAMP assay was about 3 CFU per reaction. The second objective of this study evaluated the diagnostic performance of LAMP assay against AFB culture and IS6110 single tube nested real time PCR for identification of MTb in 200 respiratory specimens from 123 patients. All the specimens have already been tested for IS6110 single tube nested real time PCR, and culture results and AFB smears results have been obtained for all the specimens. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of three diagnostic methods (AFB smear microscopy, LAMP assay amplification and IS6110 single-tube nested real time PCR) were calculated with 95% confidence interval using LJ culture as gold standard. The LAMP assay had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 92.6%, PPV of 60% and NPV of 97.1%. However, MTb might fail to grow on the LJ culture medium for various reasons, for instance, MTb might already be dead after antibiotic treatment of the patient, or there might be poor laboratory practices during the processing of the specimens. Since the LJ culture method could produce false negatives in the situations described above, an alternative to the LJ culture method, ‘Hybrid Method’ was used as the gold standard. Under this method, a specimen was regarded as positive if the LJ culture result was positive. On the other hand, if a specimen generated a negative result using the LJ culture method, the results from the LAMP assay and IS6110 nested real time PCR would be considered, i.e., if both the LAMP assay and IS6110 nested real time PCR gave positive results while the results of LJ culture were negative, the specimen was referred to be positive in this case. In other words, a specimen would be regarded as negative if and only if the LJ culture result was negative and at least one of the LAMP assay or IS6110 was negative at the same time. Along the same line, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the three diagnostic methods (AFB smear microscopy, LAMP assay amplification and IS6110 single-tube nested real time PCR) were calculated with 95% confidence interval against the Hybrid Method. After resolution, the LAMP assay had a sensitivity of 87.0%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100% and NPV of 97.1%. Our results showed that the LAMP assay has a great potential to be a new TB diagnostic test, especially in developing countries, with its lot of advantages like ease of use, cheap and fast. The LAMP assay in the study showed a high specificity, however, the sensitivity has to be improved before application in clinical use. For comparison of clinical performance, IS6110 single tube nested real time PCR had a higher sensitivity than that of LAMP assay (100% vs 80% using culture as gold standard; 100% vs 87% using ‘Hybrid Method’ as gold standard). However, LAMP assay had a higher specificity than that of IS6110 single tube nested real time PCR (92.6% vs 90.7% using culture as gold standard; 100% vs 98% using ‘Hybrid Method’ as gold standard). LAMP had been proven to be a potential and powerful tool in clinical diagnosis of MTb. Further improvement on its sensitivity is required to enable its extensive use in the clinic in the future.
published_or_final_version
Medical Sciences
Master
Master of Medical Sciences

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Pandita, Ajay. "Molecular cytogenetic analysis and gene amplification in rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0028/NQ49926.pdf.

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Coren, Grant Robert. "Methotrexate resistance and gene amplification in choriocarcinoma cells in vitro." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46728.

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Amaral, Lizabeth Pereira. "Developmentally interesting cytokines upregulated during human stem cell amplification in vitro." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0422102-170335.

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Murray, Anna. "T cell clonality in coeliac disease and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241223.

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Scott, Jean Elizabeth. "Characterisation of amplified DNA in methotrexate-resistant mouse cells." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12914.

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Dalén, Per. "Pharmacokinetic consequences of CYP2D6 genotypes with emphasis on gene duplication/amplification /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3910-1/.

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Freemantle, Sarah Joy. "Thymidylate synthase gene amplification and overexpression in response to antimetabolite chemotherapy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241530.

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Hackney, Jennifer Faye Dobens Leonard L. "Ecdysone Receptor (EcR) regulates cell migration and chorion gene amplification in the drosophila ovary." Diss., UMK access, 2008.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Biological Sciences. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2008.
"A dissertation in molecular biology and biochemistry and cell biology and biophysics." Advisor: Leonard L. Dobens. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Sept. 12, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-147). Online version of the print edition.

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Kwong, Ka-man, and 鄺嘉敏. "Loop-mediated isothermal amplification for the detection of HLA B*58:01 associated allopurinol hypersensitivity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4669982X.

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Mendel-Hartvig, Maritha. "Padlock Probes and Rolling Circle Amplification : New Possibilities for Sensitive Gene Detection." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2590.

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A series of novel methods for detection of known sequence variants in DNA, in particular single nucleotide polymorphism, using padlock probes and rolling circle replication are presented. DNA probes that can be circularized – padlock probes – are ideal for rolling circle replication. Circularized, but not unreacted probes, can generate powerful signal amplification by allowing the reacted probes to template a rolling circle replication (RCR) reaction. However, when hybridized and ligated to a target DNA molecule with no nearby ends, the probes are bound to the target sequence, inhibiting the RCR reaction is. This problem can be solved by generating a branched DNA probe with two 3’ arms such that the probes may be circularized while leaving the second 3’ arm as a primer for the RCR reaction. We describe how T4 DNA ligase can be used for efficient construction of DNA molecules having one 5’ end but two distinct 3’ ends that extend from the 2’ and 3’ carbons of an internal nucleotide. An even stronger approach to circumvent the topological problem that can inhibit RCR is to restriction digest the template downstream of the padlock recognition site. By using Phi 29 DNA polymerase with efficient 3’ exonuclease and strand displacement activity, the template strand can then be used to prime the RCR reaction. The amplified molecule is contiguous with the target DNA, generating an anchored localized signal. The kinetics of the reaction was investigated by following the reaction in real-time using molecular beacon probes. Localized RCR signal were obtained on DNA arrays, allowing detection of as little as 104-105 spotted molecules, of either single- or double-stranded M13 DNA, in a model experiment. We have also established a serial rolling circle amplification procedure. By converting rolling circle products to a second and even third generation of padlock probes the signal was amplified thousand-fold per generation. This procedure provides sufficient sensitivity for detection of single-copy gene sequences in 50 ng of human genomic DNA, and large numbers of probes were amplified in parallel with excellent quantitative resolution.

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Gustafsson, Ellen. "Evaluation of gene amplification for development of high producing biopharmaceutical cell lines." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10402.

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It is crucial to have a high producing stable cell line to be able to produce recombinant proteins from mammalian cells in large scale for clinical trials. The aim of this study has been to evaluate steps in a process platform for development of high producing sable cell lines with respect to time and titer. Gene amplification through addition of methotrexate (MTX) based on Invitogen’s OptiCHO system have been studied. In this study 17 strategies of MTX amplification have been evaluated on three antibody expressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell pools. Protein production has been monitored in supernatants from 14-days-batch in shake flask after each MTX level. This study has shown that it is possible to increase protein production through amplification from 1 mg/L to 190 mg/L. The amplification strategy which can be recommended with respect to time and titer is stepwise increasing MTX concentration from 500 nM to 1.000 nM. This amplification process took 47 days to proceed and gave titers of IgG up to 150 mg/L. To get an indication if the most preferable clones for large scale production can be selected in an earlier stage a small fed-batch study was preformed. An initial addition of Efficient Feed B to batch could be an option to increase the possibility to select the most productive clone for scale up. The development process for high producing stable cell lines can most likely be shortened while protein production can be increased. Further studies remain to prove this statement.

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Cossons, Nandini. "Effects of gene amplification on the growth and productivity of mammalian cells." Thesis, University of Kent, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316175.

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Issa, Rana [Verfasser]. "Estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) amplification occurs rarely in ovarian cancers / Rana Issa." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1237051274/34.

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Brown, Richard Spencer Douglas. "Androgen receptor gene amplification in bone metastases from hormone-refractory prostate cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408751.

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Midgley, Carol Anne. "Cloning of the T4 polynucleotide kinase gene and amplification of its product." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15382.

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Kardeby, Caroline. "The Concordance between Immunohistochemical Staining and Silver In Situ Hybridization for HER2 Status in Breast Cancer Tissue Samples." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-154951.

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The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) protein has been associated with breast cancer progression and the HER2 status can be used to determine the type of treatment for each breast cancer patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the HER2 protein and gene statuses in breast cancer tissue samples using two methods and analyze the concordance between them. Ten paraffin-embedded, formaldehyde-fixed breast cancer tissue samples from the Biobank at the Department of Pathology and Cytology at Sundsvall Hospital were analyzed in this study. All samples were from women born between 1931 and 1976. The methods used were immunohistochemistry (IHC) to visualise the HER2 protein and silver in situ hybridization (SISH) to detect gene amplification. The IHC staining method is an indirect detection of the HER2 protein using antibodies. The SISH method used in this study is a Dual ISH which detects both the HER2 gene and the centromere region of Chromosome 17 on the same tissue slide. A HER2 gene/Chromosome 17 ratio was calculated according to the manufacturer’s instructions. This ratio was used to determine HER2 gene status. Out of ten samples, seven were positive with IHC and three were negative. The results from the SISH staining exposed a gene amplification in three of the IHC positive samples, while seven samples did not contain any amplified HER2 genes. The conclusion was that the concordance between IHC and SISH for HER2 was 60 percent.

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Chu, Ka-ki, and 朱嘉琪. "Direct detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) in respiratory specimen using DNA amplification." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45160818.

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Jenh, Chung-Her. "Thymidylate synthase gene amplification and messenger RNA expression in fluorodeoxyuridine-resistant mouse cells /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261919111867.

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Watt, Heather Lynn. "Sex diagnosis of preimplantation porcine embryos through PCR amplification of the Sry gene." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/MQ44330.pdf.

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Ryan, Sarra Louise. "The clinical and biological roles of MYC gene family amplification in childhood medulloblastoma." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512113.

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To make a comprehensive assessment of the incidence, nature and significance of MYC gene family amplification in medulloblastoma, we first developed a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay to identify MYCC, MYCN and MYCL amplification in a large patient cohort (n=292), which included 178 children entered into the SIOP/UKCCSG PNET3 clinical trial. MYCC, MYCN and MYCL copy number elevation was identified in 6% (17/292), 6% (18/292), and 1% (3/292) of medulloblastomas, respectively. No evidence of co-incident copy number elevation of more than one MYC family member was identified in any sample. The transcript expression of genes frequently harboured within the MYCC and MYCN amplicons was assessed and a correlation was identified between gene copy number and transcript expression of four genes (TRIB2, DDX1, NESE2 and AK093424) neighbouring the MYCC and MYCN loci, suggesting that these genes may represent amplification targets and play a role in medulloblastoma. In cases where RNA was available (n=60), a correlation was identified between MYCC copy number elevation (n=8) and elevated expression of its transcript; however the relationship between MYCN copy number and transcript expression was less clear. MYCL expression was assessed in a smaller number (n=18) of medulloblastoma primary tumours and was found to be significantly overexpressed in cases with MYCL amplification (n=2). All three MYC family members were more highly expressed in medulloblastomas with a deregulated Shh- or Wnt- signalling pathway, suggesting that these pathways also play a role in the regulation of MYC family member expression in medulloblastoma. Comprehensive assessment of the clinico-histopathological significance of MYCC and MYCN amplification (HCN ≥5.00) identified an association with the large cell anaplastic (LCA) medulloblastoma and all tumours with an elevated copy number of MYCC (n=17) and MYCN (n=18) were derived from patients greater than three years of age. Log-rank tests identified MYCC or MYCN amplifications as a marker of poor prognosis and Cox proportional hazards models revealed that MYCC and MYCN amplification had similar hazard ratios (hazard ratio (HR); 299) to establish markers fo disease risk (Metastatic (M) stage ≥2 (HR; 3.33) and the LCA subtype (HR; 3.63)). Multivariate analyses identified MYCC or MYCN amplification as independent markers of poor prognosis and together with LCA histology and M stage ≥2, formed a combined high risk group of patients with a significantly poorer prognosis (29.4% (75/255); p<0.0001).

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Lai, Tung-on Anthony, and 黎東安. "PRKAA1 gene amplification in cervical cancer and precursors: a study in cytology samples." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45153048.

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Maurer, Barry James. "Dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification in human cell lines VA2-B and hela BU25." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1995. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10232007-082738.

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Thomas, Alistair Owen. "Detection of bacterial gene expression by a novel isothermic nucleic acid amplification technology." Thesis, University of Bath, 2004. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410924.

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A novel probe-based technique called Signal-Mediated Amplification Reaction Technology (SMART) was optimised for detection of RNA targets in order to quantify gene expression. The SMART assay was used to quantify both 23 S rRNA in P. aeruginosa PAOl and gfpmuti mRNA in the plasmid-borne rpoSwgfpmvXi fusions P. aeruginosa SS429 and SS431. However, the assay was not sufficiently sensitive to detect gfpmvfo mRNA from the chromosomal rpoS::gfpmut3 fusion P. aeruginosa SS336. SDS-PAGE analysis of outer membrane proteins of P. aeruginosa PAOl revealed that cells grown in a reported iron-replete chemically defined medium CDMio were in fact limiting for iron. Modifications to the growth medium such as increased iron concentration, reduction in pH and the addition of citrate and ascorbate all failed to produce an iron-replete phenotype. This was achievable only when MOPSO buffer was replaced with phosphate buffer, indicating that by some unknown mechanism MOPSO can reduce iron availability in minimal media. The effects of nutrient limitation on rpoS expression in P. aeruginosa planktonic and biofilm culture were investigated using direct fluorescence measurement of rpoS::gfpmut3 chromosomal and plasmid fusions. In planktonic culture, nutrient-replete and magnesium-limited conditions resulted in an increase in rpoS expression whilst minimal levels of rpoS expression were seen in both iron-limited and glucose-limited conditions. Furthermore, minimal expression of rpoS was noted in P. aeruginosa biofilms in glucose, magnesium and iron-limited conditions.

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Pak, Nikita. "Simultaneous amplification of multiple dna targets with optimized annealing temperatures." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44901.

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an extremely powerful tool for viral detection and screening because it can detect specific infectious agents with great sensitivity and specificity. It works by exponentially amplifying a target viral DNA sequence to high enough concentrations through the use of specific reagents and thermal cycling. It has surpassed culture based methods as the gold standard for viral detection because of the increased speed and sensitivity. Microfluidic approaches to PCR have focused on decreasing the time to thermally cycle, the volumes used for reactions, and they have also added upstream and downstream processes that are of benefit for on-chip viral detection. While these improvements have made great strides over commercially available products in terms of speed, cost, and integration, a major limitation that has yet to be explored is the throughput associated with running PCR. Since each PCR reaction relies on primers with a unique annealing temperature to detect specific viral DNA, only a single virus can be screened for at a time. The device presented here uses two infrared laser diodes that are driven identically by the same laser driver to independently thermally cycle two chambers on the same microfluidic chip. Different temperatures are achieved in the two chambers by modulating the radiation reaching one of those chambers with an optical shutter. Closed loop temperature feedback in both chambers is done with a Labview program and thermocouples embedded in the polymer chip. This allows for accurate temperature measurement without inhibiting the reaction. To demonstrate the capabilities of this device, two different reactions were simultaneously amplified successfully on the same device that have annealing temperatures that differ by 15°C.

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Sparks, Amy Elizabeth Thuemmel. "Bovine embryo microinjection, culture, microsurgery, and DNA analysis by the polymerase chain reaction technique." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170630/.

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Rousseau, André. "Cyclin D1 gene amplification and protein overexpression in dysplastic oral mucosa and oral cancer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ53416.pdf.

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Kim, Jane Christina. "Analysis of metazoan DNA replication initiation using Drosophila gene amplification as a model system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62780.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, February 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Gene amplification in Drosophila follicle cells is an excellent model to study origin specification and developmental regulation of DNA replication in vivo. We mapped all follicle cell amplicons using a comparative genomic hybridization strategy and identified two new amplicons. We determined the precise localization of the origin recognition complex (ORC) on a genome-wide level and observed that, at the start of synchronous amplification, ORC localizes to the six amplicons with levels corresponding to the magnitude of amplification. Additionally, we investigated amplification with respect to transcription and chromatin state. The levels and timing of gene expression in some amplicons suggest that gene amplification is not exclusively a developmental strategy to promote high expression levels. Follicle cell amplicons are enriched for acetylated H4, but this mark is not sufficient for ORC localization or amplification. In addition to genome-wide analyses, we characterized the two new amplicons and discovered unique properties that make both distinctive replication models. Strikingly, DAFC-22B shows strain-specificity in amplification, a property that is correlated with the ability to localize ORC. We identified sequence differences between closely related amplifying and non-amplifying strains and used P element mediated transformation to test sufficiency for ORC binding and amplification at this region. DAFC-34B contains two genes that are expressed in follicle cells. Vm34Ca is a structural component of the vitelline membrane but is expressed prior to the onset of gene amplification. CG16956 is expressed in amplification stages but only in a small subset of follicle cells. Like the previously characterized DAFC-62D, DAFC-34B displays origin firing at two separate stages of development. However, unlike DAFC-62D, amplification at the later stage is not transcription dependent. We mapped the DAFC-34B amplification origin to 1kb by nascent strand analysis and delineated the cis requirements for origin activity, finding that a 6 kb region, but not the 1 kb origin alone, is sufficient for amplification. We analyzed the developmental localization of ORC and the MCM complex, the replicative helicase. Intriguingly, the final round of origin activation at DAFC-34B occurs in the absence of detectable ORC, though MCMs are present, suggesting a novel initiation mechanism. Our analysis of follicle cell amplicons highlights the diversity of amplification origin control mechanisms within the same cell type, which may be representative of similar regulatory diversity during S phase DNA replication.
by Jane Christina Kim.
Ph.D.

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Segawa, Takehiko. "Prostate-specific amplification of Expanded Polyglutamine Expression : A Novel Approach for Cancer Gene Therapy." Kyoto University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181732.

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REYNIER, PASCAL. "Spot 14 : clonage du gene de la souris et de la sequence codante humaine." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX20904.

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Bevacqua, Sandra Jean. "An in vitro study of human melanoma tumor cell metastasis: Cytological and molecular events during extravasation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184746.

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In order to study the process by which human melanoma cells achieve invasion of basement membranes, a modification of the Membrane Invasion Culture System was developed to allow the in vitro collection of invasive tumor cells from heterogeneous tumor cell populations. A significant increase in the number of double minute chromosomes was observed in metaphase nuclei of the low metastatic A375P human melanoma cells which had invaded 2 consecutive amniotic membranes over that of cells in the control groups. After 25 days in culture, the incidence of double minutes had dropped below the control range. These data indicate that an unstable gene amplification event may be part of the process by which melanoma cells execute invasion through basement membranes. A375P cells which had invaded 1, 3 and 5 consecutive basement membrane-coated filters were established and compared with the parental cell line and a highly metastatic subclonal line for the following characteristics: (a) in vitro invasive potential, (b) mRNA expression of several oncogenes, (c) expression of laminin receptor, at the (cell surface) protein and mRNA levels, and, (d) secretion of endogenous laminin. There was a progressive increase in invasive potential and expression of endogenous laminin and laminin receptor which correlated with the number of membrane-coated filters through which the A375P cells had been selected. There were significant increases in the steady-state mRNA expression of c-myc and c-fos, a decrease in c-jun, and no change in Ha-ras, that correlated with increases in the invasive and metastatic potential of the cells. A novel in vitro adhesion assay was developed to study the interaction of tumor cells with lymphatic endothelium, the first step of extravasation from the lymphatic vessel. Human tumor cells from: one primary Ewing sarcoma, two melanoma, two colon and two breast carcinomas were assayed for their ability to attach to monolayers of lymphatic endothelium. There was a clear positive correlation between the metastatic potential and attachment potential of the melanoma cell lines. Overall, these data suggested that highly fibroblastic established tumor cell lines were more adaptive in rapid adhesion than primary tumor cell cultures with a more rounded morphology.

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Levan, Kristina. "Molecular characterization of type 1 endometrial carcinomas /." Göteborg : Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/19401.

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蘇昭燕 and Chiu-yin So. "Molecular characterization of large deletions in beta globin gene cluster using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40738164.

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So, Chiu-yin. "Molecular characterization of large deletions in beta globin gene cluster using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40738164.

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41

Beitel, Lenore K. (Lenore Katherine). "Characterization of HSAG elements : a middle repetitive family of genetic elements which stimulate gene amplification." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70164.

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Members of the HSAG family of genetic elements stimulate amplification of the pSV$ sb2$DHFR vector in cis, such that HSAG-pSV$ sb2$DHFR transfected cell populations generate methotrexate resistant cells at a higher frequency than pSV$ sb2$DHFR transfectants. Repetitive DNA sequences such as Alu elements were found in HSAG-1, HSAG-2, and HSAG-5; HSAG-1 and HSAG-2 also contain poly purine-pyrimidine tracts. Analysis of subfragments of HSAG-1, HSAG-2, and HSAG-5 demonstrated that the interaction of multiple positive-acting elements was necessary for maximum amplification stimulatory activity. Proposed positive-acting elements include Alu-like sequences, poly purine-pyrimidine tracts, A/T rich regions and potential stem-loop structures. For HSAG-1, the native configuration of these elements gives optimal activity; transcriptional activation has also been implicated. Both transcriptional activity and the aforementioned elements have been shown to promote recombination in other systems; it is therefore suggested that the HSAG elements stimulate gene amplification by increasing recombination.

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42

Grünert, Martin [Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Sauter. "Cyclin D1 Gene Amplification is Highly Homogeneous in Breast Cancer / Martin Grünert. Betreuer: Guido Sauter." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1061128229/34.

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43

De, Leon Ricardo 1957. "Use of gene probes and an amplification method for the detection of rotaviruses in water." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191152.

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Rotaviruses are one of the most significant causes of diarrheal disease in the world. Their presence in groundwater and drinking water supplies constitutes a health risk to the population. The study of rotaviruses in the environment has been hampered by the lack of accessible and consistent detection methodologies. Gene probes and other molecular techniques are a novel approach for the detection of these viruses in water. The feasibility of these new techniques for the detection and study of rotaviruses in the environment has been assessed using the simian SA-11 and the culturable human Wa rotavirus strains as models. Two general approaches have been undertaken consisting of hybridization of probes with genomic RNA and hybridization with mRNA produced by the virion-incorporated transcriptase. Hybridization of gene probes with genomic dsRNA of rotaviruses in environmental concentrates resulted in the detection of 10 4 immunofoci of Wa rotavirus. In vitro transcription serves as an amplification method with sensitivity 100- to 1000-fold greater than when probing for genomic RNA. The sensitivity obtained in Wa-seeded distilled water and environmental concentrates after in vitro transcription is 2 and 20 immunofoci, respectively. Proteins in environmental concentrates decrease the efficiency of probe hybridization by 10-100 fold. Also, transcriptase-inhibiting factors found in environmental samples decrease the production of mRNA. Both proteins and transcriptase-inhibiting factors can be reduced significantly with Sephadex G-200 columns. Passage of environmental concentrate through Sephadex G-200 spun columns, followed by in vitro transcription, was used to detect rotaviruses in environmental samples. Rotaviruses were detected by this combination of techniques in eight of 20 sewage samples, one of 16 tap water samples, five of 32 ground water samples, and two of nine surface water samples. Only one of 17 samples which tested positive with Wa cDNA 4 was positive for non-specific probe binding. The probing of rotavirus mRNA, amplified by the virion-incorporated transcriptase, is a practical and feasible method for monitoring these viruses in the environment.

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44

Atkinson, G. F. "The mechanism of gene amplification in mammalian cell lines following treatment with hydroxyurea and adriamycin." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383851.

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45

Canull, Lisa S. "INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF ARSENIC EXPOSURE ON GENE AMPLIFICATION IN THE YEAST SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin974741305.

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46

Arnaud-Barbe, Nadège. "Définition d'un système d'expression et de purification d'ARN polymérases recombinantes du bactériophage T7 : étude de la transcription de matrices ADN et ARN par ces polymérases." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T071.

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47

GOMIDE, FERNANDA I. de C. "Otimizacao da expressao periplasmica do gene do hGH em Escherichia coli utilizando o promotor lambidaPsub(L)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2004. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11181.

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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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48

Laurell, Cecilia. "Microarray Based Gene Expression Analysis in Cancer Research." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4244.

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Costa, Victor Bernardes Barroso da [UNESP]. "Investigação da amplificação do EGFR em carcinoma de células escamosas de boca em pacientes jovens." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136318.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM)
O carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) de boca é uma neoplasia incomum em pacientes jovens. Na literatura de língua inglesa não há relatos de estudos que investiguem a amplificação do EGFR e a expressão desta proteína neste grupo etário. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a amplificação do EGFR através da técnica de hibridização por fluorescência in situ (FISH) e correlacionar os resultados obtidos através da imunomarcação da proteína EGFR com a epidemiologia e com o prognóstico dos pacientes avaliados. Ao final dos testes de FISH e imuno- histoquímicos, 21 amostras do grupo teste (pacientes ≤ 40 anos) e 39 amostras do grupo controle (pacientes ≥ 50 anos) foram consideradas adequadas para avaliação. As variáveis clínicas e anatomopatológicas foram comparadas pelos testes Qui-Quadrado ou exato de Fisher. A expressão do marcador EGFR e do método de FISH foi comparada entre os grupos por meio do teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. As curvas de sobrevida foram calculadas utilizando o método de Kaplan-Meier e suas curvas foram comparadas através do teste de log-rank. Houve maior número de pacientes do sexo masculino, leucodermas, tabagistas e etilistas. A amplificação do EGFR foi maior no grupo teste (p = 0,018). A amplificação do EGFR associou-se estatisticamente com a variável estadiamento clínico avançado (p = 0,013), independente do grupo. A expressão da proteína EGFR correlacionou-se com tumores bem diferenciados (p = 0,011) e a presença de metástase (p = 0,035), independente da idade. A presença de amplificação foi mais frequente no grupo tese. Alguns casos de pacientes ≥40 anos de idade podem ser adequados ao emprego da terapia anti-EGFR, devido à amplificação do EGFR.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is uncommon neoplasia in young patients. In the English literature, there are no reports of studies that investigate the amplification of EGFR and expression of this protein in this age group. The aim of this study was to investigate the amplification of EGFR by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and to correlate the results by immunostaining of EGFR protein with clinicopathological features and prognosis. After FISH and immunohistochemistry, 21 samples of the test group (≤ 40 years) and 39 samples of control group (≥ 50 years) were suitable for evaluating. Categorical variables were compared by the Pearson chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Associations between protein levels and FISH results with clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the curves were compared by the log-rank test. There was predominance for male patients, leucoderma, smoking and alcohol consumption. The EGFR amplification was higher in the test group (p = 0.018) and it was associated statistically with advanced clinical stage (p = 0.013), independent of the group. The expression of EGFR protein was correlated to well differentiated tumors (p = 0.011) and presence of metastasis (p = 0.035), regardless of age. Presence of EGFR amplification and/or expression. Some cases of patients ≥40 years old might be suitable for anti-EGFR therapy because of EGFR amplification.
FAPEAM: 254/2014

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50

Evers, Danielle. "Isolation and Amplification of the strK gene of Streptomyces griseus: A look at a specific phosphatase." Thesis, Boston College, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/480.

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Thesis advisor: Evan Kantrowitz
My project focused on the study of streptomycin-6-phosphatase, an enzyme that has shown specificity for the substrate streptomycin-6-phosphate. The study included attempts at isolation, purification, and amplification of strK, the gene encoding this phosphatase. These efforts were made in order to come closer to gaining an understanding of the specificity of this enzyme especially in comparison to alkaline phosphatase, a well-documented unspecific phosphate with notable similarity of sequence and structure. The major question which developed into the study undertaken this year was: “How does a specific phosphatase compare to the unspecific alkaline phosphatase (AP)?” This is a longterm project that could take years to come close to elucidating an answer to. My approach to this large question, under direction of Dr. Evan Kantrowitz, was to begin with streptomycin-6-phosphatase, the product of the strK gene in Streptomyces, and embark on a study that would lead to greater understanding of this specific phosphatase. This undertaking was pursued based upon previous publications identifying conservation of amino acid sequence between the two phosphatases. This similarity was most poignantly found at sites found in AP noted as contained in the active site and in taking part in metal binding. From this information, the question for my study became, “How much can I learn about strK gene product during my time of study so that progress is made toward shedding light on the complex question posed above?”
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2004
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Chemistry
Discipline: College Honors Program

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gene amplificatin'

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