Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Généralités et pays industrialisés'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Généralités et pays industrialisés.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Prat, Stéphanie. "La théorie du péché originel et les déséquilibres en devises des économies émergentes." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40027.
Full textThe Original Sin was put forward as one of the roots of the third-generation financial crisis models toward the end of the 1990's. The aim of this study is to show that this theory is not really relevant when evaluating emerging economies' vulnerability to a variation in their exchange rate. In order to do this , I will start by assessing this theory's contributions and limits. Thanks to the creation of new indicators, I will then carry out a quantitative analysis of currency mismatches in emerging economies before illustrating the importance of taking into account such indicators when determining emerging sovereign bonds spreads. Finally, with the help of a more complete portfolio choice model, I will demonstrate the investors' asset allocation could be directed more towards emergency domestic-currency denominated bonds, thus allowing for reduced currency mismatches in emerging economies
Allmishal, Yasser. "La volatilité du change et la politique monétaire : le cas des pays émergents." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT4001.
Full textThe financial crises in 1990s have highlighted the vulnerability of intermediate exchange rate regimes and floating exchange regime emerged as the only viable option for emerging economies. However, despite the formal adoption of floating exchange regime, emerging economies have implemented a monetary policy of exchange rate stabilization, ensuring, de facto, the survival of intermediate exchange rate regimes, through fear of floating. This thesis examines, by the analysis of the relationship between domestic monetary policy and the exchange rate volatility in emerging economies, the nature of intermediate regimes de facto. Chapter 1 deals with the problem of the choice of exchange rate regime, and the reasons for the survival of intermediate exchange rate regimes. Chapter 2 presents the problem of inflation targeting as a nominal anchor in the formal floating exchange rate regime, and potential conflicts between the inflation targeting and the exchange rate stabilization policy. Chapter 3 highlights the vulnerabilities (pass-through, original sin) of emerging economies streamlining the fear of floating and also throws the light on the effectiveness of the policy interest rate to stabilize the exchange rate. Chapter 4 constitutes the base of an empirical analysis of exchange rate volatility in a sample of 20 emerging economies over the period 1994-2008, examining the characteristics of daily series of exchange rate return through the ARMA and GARCH models. Chapter 5 tests the effect on the exchange rate volatility of the two dimensions of monetary policy (volatility and level of interest rates). The tests indicate that exchange rate volatility depends negatively on the volatility of interest rates but positively on the level of that rate. In other words, stabilization exchange rate monetary policy is on the razor's edge, about its effect on the exchange rate volatility
Cardebat, Jean-Marie. "Commerce Nord-Sud et inégalités salariales dans les pays industrialisés." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40008.
Full textObégi, Riad. "Risque et crédit : le certificat hypothécaire, une solution pour les pays émergents." Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/obegi_r.
Full textThis thesis expounds a way of boosting the economies of emerging countries by drawing on their real estate wealth through omnibus mortgages (cautionnements réels omnibus) called Mortgage Certificates (Certificats Hypothécaires) in favor of depositors at commercial banks. The underlying idea is that the state of an economy is determined by its riskiness and the manner in which it is managed by its economic agents. Credit is one of the primary means of exchanging risk between agents; its optimization therefore leads to both better risk levels and more exchanges. Thanks to Mortgage Certificates, banks will be able to lend more money, the private sector will, through loans, have access to more ample resources, and the owners of the real estate will earn a fee in exchange for the guarantees they are providing. The first two chapters delve into the premise behind this reasoning and the conditions in which the development of credit can be facilitated in emerging countries. More specifically with regards to the conditions, we propose a reform of bankruptcy laws and a full dollarization of the economy to hand back to these countries the autonomy over their monetary policy or more precisely their credit policy. In the last chapter, we examine the legal, administrative and accounting aspects of the Mortgages Certificates and analyze their impact on the banking and real estate sectors as well as on the State. Finally, we assess the macroeconomic consequences of the introduction of this innovative instrument. Applying the underlying assumptions to the template of the Lebanese economy leads to a GDP increase of over 9% per year in the five years following its implementation. The thesis also develops ancillary ideas such as a proposal to establish a real estate policy and the development of a new economic model based on the division of wealth between property rights (droits réels) and receivable rights (droits personnels)
Sinapi, Christine. "Crises financières et gouvernance mondiale : intégration financière des économies émergentes et crises d'illiquidité : une analyse en termes de fragilité financière internationale." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOE006.
Full textThis dissertation offers an analysis of emerging economies financial crises. It aims to explain the following observation: at the end of the 1990’s, the development of international financial integration in emerging economies coincided with an increase of their financial instability, taking the form of systemic liquidity crises with sudden stops. The analysis of this relationship is inspired from Minsky’s financial fragility concept and from the so-called “third generation” crisis models. International financial integration includes two distinctive components: the first is the de facto financial integration (increase in transnational capital flows); the second is the de jure financial integration, which refers to financial liberalization policies. The potential effects of these two elements are examined successively. In emerging economies, de facto integration has been accompanied by an increase in international capital flows (capital surge) and an increase in the part of portfolio investments. The first hypothesis is that this may constitute a form of international financial fragility. In this context, such fragility appears as a necessary condition to a systemic liquidity crisis and may be sufficient to trigger liquidity problems including endogenous sudden stops. The second hypothesis is that de jure financial integration may be the source of an institutional fragility, the effect of which is to encourage the development of financial fragility and thus the risk of a crisis. The concept of institutional fragility is inspired from Minsky's latest researches, of which an interpretation and extension is proposed. The results from this theoretical analysis are illustrated by the cases of 1990’s emerging economies' crises. To conclude, some perspectives regarding international financial governance directly derive from this analysis, which should lead to further research
Martin, Marie. "Mondialisation financière et intégration régionale : comment garantir la stabilité financière des pays émergents ?" Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40035.
Full textThis thesis aims to study if, within the framework of institutional regionalization, the probability that a financial crisis occurs can be reduced in a context of external shocks. Within this framework, the first part consists in a factual analysis of the cost of monetary and financial liberalization on the merging countries and tries to release the mechanisms and the characteristics of crisis by focusing the currency crises. As the emergency supports suggested by the international organizations to regulate such crises failed, some alternatives strategies have been proposed. Among the alternatives proposals for a resolution of the crises which are analysed in the second time, a detailed attention is paid to the processes of regional integration. More particularly, institutional regional integration is considered as a solution. It should then be shown, with the help of concrete examples, that this last option can be an important stabiliser in regard to the currency crises. It is what the last part tries statistically to prove on the base of board range of emerging countries
Fayette, Laurence. "Trajectoires nationales et intégration économique et monétaire des petits pays industrialisés d'Europe." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131009.
Full textHaouat, Meriem. "Les banques étrangères dans les pays émergents : Avantages et risques." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090057.
Full textIn recent years, the weight of foreign banks has increased significantly in the banking systems of several emerging countries. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the consequences of the entry of foreign banks to these countries, both in terms of economic development and financial stability. We focus on the effects of foreign competition on the local banking system that raise concerns about the future of banking intermediation in these countries. We show that the presence of foreign banks is like a two-edged sword. On the one hand, foreign banks are certainly a stimulus for the development of the local banking system. On the other hand, their presence may be a threat for many domestic banks and may amplify banks’ risk-taking behaviour, thus fuelling financial instability. Besides, the comparison of China with Morocco and Tunisia shows that local banks in small banking systems are more vulnerable in a context of tougher foreign competition. Foreign players can control a small-sized banking sector more easily
Guo, Lin. "Globalisation financière, développement financier et croissance en économie émergente." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010011.
Full textSaadaoui, Zied. "Norme de fonds propres et comportements des banques dans les pays émergents." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX24020.
Full textFattoum, Asma. "Politique monétaire et gestion des entrées de capitaux : le cas des marchés émergents." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/fattoum_a.
Full textDuring the late eighties and early nineties, the financial liberalization in the emerging markets such as, the south-east Asian and Latin American countries gave birth to massive capital inflows. At this stage, we will try to determine whether the volume of capital inflows contributed to the destabilization of the macroeconomic components of the above mentioned countries. Therefore, we analyzed the effect caused by capital inflows on the monetary policies of these countries. Indeed, the outcome of our research showed that capital inflows have numerous effects on the macroeconomic variables such as interest rate, exchange rate and M2. The research that we conducted showed that the capital inflows affected negatively the long term stability of the south-east Asian countries as well as most of the Latin American countries. They evolved in an economical context which was extremely harmful to their financial stability to an extent that traditional monetary policies implemented and used by the above mentioned states, including capital inflow controls proved to be of limited efficiency. However, many emerging countries reverted to targeting inflation, as an alternative to nominal anchor, after being unable to maintain a pegged exchange rate in addition to their inability to target monetary aggregates as being inadequate considering the goals to be attained. Nonetheless, the extent of the effect of targeting inflation on the stabilization of the economy is still to be determined
Drouet, Dominique. "Distribution d'eau et assainissement urbain : le redéploiement de l'offre de biens et services dans les pays industrialisés pendant les années 1980." Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA120014.
Full textSupply channels for facilities and services in the water distribution and urban wastewater management sectors have changed in industrialized countries during the 1980's. Despite historical differences among the various countries under study in their organization and their varying degrees of change during the eighties, some patterns do strikingly converge. This includes more flexible relationships between the various actors involved and a trend towards more vertically integrated, diversified and internationalized supply systems with a growing roleand consolidation of private actors and fewer constraints placed on the public sector. Such changes modify the public-private balance in the process of designing, building ane operating urban water and wastewater infrastructure. It also contributes to reallocating technological expertise and leads to a new competitive situation on international markets. Additional consequences include a more limited influence on international trade of the so-called "anglo-saxon model" (based on the independance of the engineering function) and the dawning a new era favoring vertically integrated firms, among which french groups hold a leading position
Naamane, Adil. "Indicateurs d'alerte des crises financières : construction et application aux économies émergentes." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU2013.
Full textIn this doctoral study, our purpose was to construct a battery of indicators which is efficient to anticipate the arrival of a financial crisis. We were based on the choice of variables to test on several theoretical and practical studies which seemed to us important and which marked the economic literature concerning financial crises on the one hand, and on an analysis of main crises which touched the emergent economies on the other hand. We accomplished several tests on variables considered as important by using different methods. Our interest also carried on the study of a country which was not touched by financial crisis, in this case the China, to evaluate the risk of being touched by a crisis in future. This study allowed us to test the capacity of the warning indicators to anticipate financial crises and to better evaluate future risks
Ben, Gamra Saoussen. "Libéralisation financière, crises bancaires et croissance économique : cas des pays émergents." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131009.
Full textThe project of this thesis is to propose an economic reading of different aspects of contemporary phenomenon of liberalization of finance, financial instability, and return of large-scale banking crises, slowing down and fluctuations of economic growth. Inscribing in the new world economic order, the problematic of this thesis is to dread the origins of actual dilemma of banking stability and long-run growth face to financial liberalization in emerging economics. In one side, openness allows productivity gains with the diversification of financing means and the reduction of intermediary costs. In the other side, it's in the origin of instability threat of banking system and macroeconomic volatility. Thus, the object of this thesis, based on financial openness experience of emerging countries, is to examine the pertinence of liberalization politics for these countries. The analysis tempts to evaluate the contribution of financial liberalization to banking crises and to approximate his effects on long-run growth. Funding on the central hypothesis that fast, not enchaining, and insufficiently framed liberalization is detrimental on both banking stability and growth, the finality is to define the adequate politic of openness for this countries that their permitted to limit risks and maximize gains
Oudinet, Joël. "Les conditions d'emploi et leurs transformations récentes dans les grands pays industrialisés." Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA131026.
Full textAnalysing the employmant conditions, with a non-orthodox theory, two determinants can be found: - changing labour laws - manpower management the employment conditions in the industrialized market economy countries (france, germany, united kingdom, italy, united states) are made clear with short-term dichotomic employment functions. That shows the miscellaneous employment conditions in the manufacturing industries sectors. Their recent transformations are determined by doing stability statistics tests. The transformations effect on employment fluctuations has not been considerable, judged by a macro-economic model simulation
Sangoori, Pommier Aida. "Les acteurs des politiques pétrolières internationales : l'OPEP et les pays industrialisés occidentaux." Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020085.
Full textThe thesis explains the action of the chief actors of the international petroleum policies, according to different countries and in crisis periods or in peace- and war-time. These two actors are on one hand the organization of petroleum exporting countries (opec) for the producers and exporters and, on other hand the industrialized countries for the consomers and importers part. The relationship between these two actors is not always a conflictual relation but is leads sometimes to a cooperation. Petroleum is since a long time source of power and a political stake
Hassane, Mamoudou. "Pression sur le cours des devises et crises de change : une analyse sur données de pays africains et économies émergentes." Rennes 1, 2005. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01261294.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze quantitatively the currency crises and the exchange market pressures in terms of significant variables (economics aggregates) and the periods preceding a currency crisis (pre-crisis periods) with respect to a sample of African countries, and another sample for emerging countries. For econometrics studies purpose, the index of Cartapanis A. Et al. (2002) is chosen for it best accuracy to describe evolutions of real exchange rates for countries. The episodes crisis quantification is done by using econometrics approach for ad hoc models estimate by logit and probit functions in the case of binary approach of currency crises, and by Ordinary Least Square and Generalized Least Square estimates for continue vision of exchange markets pressures. In the both cases,the retained explicative variables are adequacy in a given time to explain currency crises or exchange markets pressures with a constant regularity for domestic credit variable. The use of optimized lags method allows determining the pre-crisis period for each variable. With observation that the duration of periods are generally higher in the case of logit and probit estimate i. E. In the case of binary vision of currency crises. In this last case, the computed probabilities allowed us to identify almost currency crises. The mean pre-crisis period for all variables for African countries sample is 5. 31 months for binary vision of currency crises, and 1. 47 months for tensions approach on exchange markets. In the case of emerging markets sample of Latina America and Asia, the mean of pre-crisis period is 4. 40 months for binary vision of currency crises, and 1. 78 months for the continue approach of the tensions on exchange markets. The index of currency crises and exchange markets pressures are therefore more sensitive in the case of emerging markets than the case of African countries sample, which means that the emerging countries are more financial integrated
Giauffer, André-Charles. "Processus d'accélérateur financier et dynamique financière du cylcle d'affaires : une comparaison internationale." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0012.
Full textThe role of financial variables in explaining the rate of industrialized countries economic growth as well as its turbulence is increasingly central. Indeed, the deregulation and financial liberalization movements undertaken in the early 1970's have resulted in a strong development of financial markets and a sharp increase in the influence of the financial variables in the industrialized economies dynamics. The changes in funding as well as the rising stock of external financing have encouraged and accompanied a sharp increase in the level of wealth creation in capitalist economies. However, they have also changed the dynamics as well as the face of business cycles. Specifically, the financing conditions appear to increasingly determine the level of economic activity through the grant funding since the latter weighs on the efforts of firms to invest through their outside funding costs. Yet, that premium funding is largely determined by the level of firms' net worth and their expected profits. It's from this principle that we can enlighten the way the process of financial accelerator interacts heavily in financing conditions with firms' net worth and health structures. The level of premium funding those results weighs more or less strongly on their investment projects profitability. This process brings a financial dynamic to the business cycle in which we try to highlight the theoretical foundations and then measure the interactions determined by the estimate of vector error correction models. As part of the financial systems of the five countries among the most industrialized ones and with different characteristics, interactions observed in the process of financial accelerator shows cointegration relations between the studied variables
Nehme, el Amar Eliane. "Libéralisation financière et fragilisation bancaire dans les pays émergents : cas de la crise asiatique." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020035.
Full textDebbiche, Imène. "La composition des flux de capitaux et la croissance : cas des pays émergents." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090008.
Full textGrowth financing forms have changed notably since 1990. Multilateral loans, bilateral loans and bank credits are substituted by FDI and disintermediated assets. Theories of financial repression consider that the liberalization of the capital account and of financial markets is favorable for growth. Our study discusses this issue for emerging markets. In fact, the aim of this work is double. On the one hand, we have examined the importance of capital inflows composition (flows and stocks) on growth level by distinguishing saving from investment. We established a theoretical model that emphasizes that these financing forms are rather complementary than substitutes. On the other hand, we investigated the role of corruption as an item that influences both the composition and the profitability of capital inflows. Empirically we have estimated a convergence model for 33 emerging markets during 1990-2009. Our results confirmed the fact that capital composition matters for growth and that the presence of corruption reduces the FDI benefits
Bunda, Irina. "Analyses et régulations de l'instabilité financière internationale." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0505.
Full textHastier, Dana. "Les relations entre l'Occident et la Roumanie de 1962 à juin 1988 : politiques et représentations." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0006.
Full textWestern policies concerning Rumania have been influenced greatly both by Bucarest's diplomatic activity, which was largely designed to impress the West, and by the image of the rRumanian regime as it was perceived in the Western world. Through the press, the works of scholars and specialists, politicals' memoirs and speeches, our propose is to describe the representations and western policies that Bucarest has inspired, specifically in France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Israel and the USA. Western attitude throughout the sixties and seventies was one of constant support to Rumania, whose independance vis a vis the Soviet Union furthered the West's interests. Informed observers achnowledged the end of Rumanian independence after much delay and much hesitation. The independence has been limited but real. Rumania has paved the way for an intensifiation of the relations between Eastern countries and the Western side. It was the first to resume contacts with the FRG, with the E. E. C and to maintain its relationship with Israel
Lorot, Pascal. "Objectifs et impact économique des zones franches industrielles dans les pays industrialisés et en développement." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0016.
Full textHistorical roots of free zones ; typology of free zones ; justifications and clauses of their implementation in the Third World countries and in Industrialized countries ; quantitative analysis of their economic impact on the surrounding economies, and of their influence in international trade of goods ; future of free zones in France and in the world
Ajjour-Charaï, Assia. "Investisseurs étrangers et offre créatrice : cas d'un pays émergent : le Maroc." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661674.
Full textBarry, Amadou Bella. "Les pratiques de microcrédit dans les pays du Sud versus les pays industrialisés : une analyse théorique." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00860052.
Full textValli, Stéphane. "Changements techniques, commerce et développement. Synergies et effets contrariés : essai sur les relations Nord-Sud depuis les années soixante." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21003.
Full textAyachi, Jebnoun Sana. "Efficacité des règles prudentielles et performance des banques : le cas des pays émergents." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100178.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to examine the relationship between prudential regulation and performance of banks in emerging countries in the context of international openness. Financial instability of recent years has activated the debate about the need for prudential regulation. But it is not sure that this regulation really reduces the risks. The reinforcement of regulation may induce increased risk to which banks voluntarily expose themselves in order to search for high profits. Having provided a theoretical justification for the regulation and shown that the literature provide mixed evidence concerning its effectiveness, we seek to examine empirically the impact of regulatory measures on the profitability and the risk of banks in emerging countries. We adopted to this end a financial analysis by the ratios based on the Tunisian banks. We constructed then a panel of fifteen emerging economies from four different geographic areas and used a simultaneous equations model in order to test the influence of the regulatory framework on the risk and profitability of banks in these countries. We introduce regulatory variables constructed from the database of the World Bank. The main results show the effectiveness of regulatory capital during the period 1998-2002 and the weakness of market discipline in emerging countries. The regulations in place in emerging countries promote bank stability. These countries must, however, improve aspects of governance and transparency and develop existing information systems before implementing Basel 2
Nguyen, Cong Phuong. "La réforme comptable vietnamienne : Causes, nature et conséquences." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090012.
Full textThis thesis is to know what are the reasons for the Vietnamese accounting reform of 1995, the nature of the accounting system adopted and the influence of this last on the social actors. In addition, we wanted better know what is the perception of these actors of the usefulness of financial information now available, desired changes or improvements. The results of our study show that the Vietnamese accounting reform results as well from an internal will as from external pressures. Vietnam adopted a type of capitalist accounting modified to satisfy the needs for a socialist market economy. Our results also show that the new accounting system supports the macro-economic needs of the State. They allow to draw a conclusion on the existence of a very strong consistency between the accounting system, the system of economic operation and the management mode of the social
Bousrih, Jihéne. "L'adoption du ciblage de l'inflation dans la politique monétaire des économies émergentes : apport théorique et validation empirique." Rennes 1, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646573.
Full textThis thesis deals with the adoption of inflation targeting policy in considering the economic and financial characteristics of the emerging economies. Since its first adoption in 1990, the inflation targeting showed its efficiency by limiting the sharp rise in prices and by favoring the economic growth. However, for emerging markets, the improvement of their economic performance remains very low. This is due to the characteristics of these economies and to their economic and financial vulnerability. The theoretical approach of this thesis investigates the impact of two of these characteristics, the commercial dependence and the financial dependence, on the choice of the monetary policy. The results show that the optimal monetary policy for the emerging economy Central Bank is the inflation targeting policy which limits the transmission of the imported inflation to the level of the domestic prices. The empirical approach of this thesis shows, on the one hand, that the inflation targeting policy was efficient in the emerging and developed economies and the other hand, that a robust monetary, budgetary and financial system limits the volatility of inflation
Benzarti, Yousra. "La distribution du crédit dans les pays émergents : Fondements micro économiques et estimations empiriques sur le marché tunisien." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090004.
Full textMonborren-Benabdillah, Linda. "Étude de l'évolution du ''smart packaging'' alimentaire et analyse des marchés des pays industrialisés : actualité et tendances." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040044.
Full textPackaging used to be a very common, unnoticed, everyday life object for food protection and transportation. It is now a whole scientific subject that evolves on a daily basis. Recently packaging has crossed a new threshold: it is no more a simple marketing tool. Today packaging acts as a food protector that prolongs the shelf life and provides information to manufacturers, distributors, and even consumers. In complete contradiction with all the legislation that defined it as an inert object, new packaging technologies are active and intelligent devices. However, what is called in Europe and the United States a new technology, has been marketed in Japan for decades. The challenge is to understand how and why Smart Packaging was so late to enter Europe and the US at a time when globalization in trade and communication are stronger than ever, and the race for innovation and new technologies is permanent. The main objective of this report is to give insights into today’s market stakes, its opportunities, major trends and short and long term evolution, as well as its growth potential and the major factors that influence it on one hand. On the other hand it provides analysis for the future and the viability of the new technologies in food and drink sectors on developed countries markets. To achieve these purposes, it is essential to give an overview of the existing technologies and applications and explain the stakes of using Smart Packaging, as well as innovation perspectives. Moreover, this projects highlights how the companies meet the challenge of developing marketing, exportation and risk strategies on a global market, whithin the boundaries of the regulatory frameworks and risks for the environment and the consumer
Zatarain, Michel. "Une approche non gaussienne des marchés émergents et high yield : modélisation et gestion du risque en loi alpha-stable." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010049.
Full textMbimi, de Ngamouyi Jean Tarcisius. "Industrialisation et développement : analyse comparative des différences de trajectoires entre les dragons d'Asie et les autres régions en développement." Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ORLE0503.
Full textHeine, Audrey. "ENTRE PAYS D'ORIGINE ET PAYS D'ACCUEIL. Les enjeux identitaires de la (non) reconnaissance des descendant-e-s d'immigré-e-s au pays d’origine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/216783.
Full textThis thesis analyses relations of second generation immigrants with the country of origin. Many studies analyzed the relationships of immigrants and their children with the host country. However the situation of immigrants in the country of origin has not been investigated yet in intercultural psychology. Therefore, this thesis aims to analyze the perceptions about the origin’s country and the consequences of perceived recognition. Four surveys on Moroccan and Turkish descent permit to demonstrate the perceived lack of recognition in the home country. This perceived recognition influences identity strategies, ethnic identification, religious identification and gender ideology.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Boubakri, Salem. "Prime de risque de change et dynamique de l'intégartion financière : cas des pays émergents." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100120.
Full textThe purpose of our thesis is to study the significance of the currency risk premium for a set of emerging and developed countries, giving special attention to the first group of countries, too little studied in the literature so far. The fact of studying together the two types of markets requires special attention to the assumptions used in modelling. Specifically, it is to make a careful choice on the assumption about the level of integration of financial markets studied. At the methodological level, we consider the context of the Capital Asset Pricing Model in its international version (ICAPM), originally proposed by Adler and Dumas (1983). Our analysis is also based on estimation techniques more robust than those of Bekaert and Harvey (1995) and Hardouvelis et al. (2006), since we use (i) the Kalman filter to "recover" the price dynamics of currency risk and of market, and (ii) Markov regime-switching models with variable transition probabilities to study the dynamic of financial integration
Ghossoub, Sayegh Rosette. "Impact du salaire d'efficience sur le niveau de chômage : étude comparative entre ples pays en voie de développement et les pays industrialisés." Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0102.
Full textThe productivity of each wage-earner depends on his effort which growth with paid wage. Indeed, persons perceiving high salaries are more productive, in better health and less stressed. The prospect of having a good wage incites to furnish efforts on training that will be neglected in case of uncertainty on future revenues. The firm will hire an additional employee as much as his marginal productivity is above real wage by efficiency work unit. The optimal wage called “efficient wage” is calculated when the elasticity of effort relative to wage equals one. Each shock modifying work productivity reduces employment without affecting optimal real wage. Unemployment results then from work market rigidity. One of efficiency wage objective is to build rational microeconomic foundation of unemployment. Firm’s efficiency conditions that are related to its profit maximization induces an under unemployment equilibrium. Unemployment is the result of equilibrium process in an asymmetric information situation. The theory of efficiency wage is usually conceived in industrialized countries where their principal asset is based on the productivity of their worker. Nevertheless, this theory can be conceived in developing countries. Employees with good remuneration are better fed and can be more productive, unemployment can’t be eliminated by reducing salaries, because there is a minimum wage under which worker is unemployable. A divergence exists in economic structure of developing and industrialized countries. A comparative study is elaborated in purpose to analyze the impact of efficiency wage on unemployment level
Amiel, Irène. "Pratiques solidaires et (ré)importation d'expériences issues du Tiers-Monde : approche compréhensive du champ du développement." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50377-2002-1.pdf.
Full textLallement, Michel. "Marges du salariat et flexibilité du travail : le cas du travail à domicile dans les pays industrialisés." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010002.
Full textLetellier, Marie-Anne. "Synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de dérivés des noyaux 4,4-dyméthil-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinoléin-2-one et 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2(3H)-one en tant qu'inhibiteurs de la Rho-kinase en vue d'un traitement contre l'hypertension." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR3803.
Full textOver a billion people are suffering from arterial hypertension, a disease defined by a rise in the blood pressure in the arteries due to the abnormal contraction of the smooth-muscle. The contraction is regulated by the cytosolic calcium concentration to which the Rho/Rho-kinase intracellular pathway is associated. Designing compounds that inhibit the enzyme is of great interest. We have elaborated new potential Rho-kinase inhibitors. Various molecules were synthesized based on the 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one and the 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2(3H)-one chemistry. The new compounds were then studied by our collaborators, les laboratories SERVIER, for their activity on Rho-kinase inhibition
Kyui, Natalia. "L' analyse microéconométrique des besoins d'éducation et des retours en éducation." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010047.
Full textGecheva, Krassimira. "Rôle des banques étrangères dans les restructurations des industries bancaires des pays émergents : le cas des pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale." Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090051.
Full textDuring the last fifteen years, foreign banks, especially European financial institutions, have become leaders in almost all East-European banking markets. Indeed, foreign capital controls today the majority of the banking sector assets in this part of the world and most foreign banks present there have a truly diversified activity. This situation hardly complies with a more traditional vision of foreign banks engaged only in a few activities (as those of investment banking) and with some types of clients (essentially international firms). As if today, international European banks consider Central and Eastern Europe more as an extension to their domestic markets than as a distinctly foreign market. This quite exceptional situation raises anew the question about the place and the impact of foreign investors on a domestic banking industry. We have therefore tried to test the relevance of traditional banking FDI analysis in the case of European transition economies, both concerning the determinants of banking FDI and its impact on host countries. Our research which takes into account the uniqueness of the East-European economies has emphasized the undeniable benefits of foreign banks’ presence there, but has also highlighted the potential challenge which an banking industry mostly financed by foreign capital might have to take up
El, Hachami Noureddine. "L'administration du développement : perspectives du management public dans un pays émergent." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0971.
Full textModernizing the administrative system in a developing country should be treated as a process of a changing society : therefore. . . A sociological approach might be of a great interest if mixed with a legal analysis. Since the modernization process is supposed to improve the efficiency of the public service, modern management methods and techniques appear to be relevant at first sight provided they prove to be compatible with the specific features of the public administration and to be scœntifically legitimate from an academic point of vue. However, prior to the implementation of a managerial approach in the public sector, certain actions should be undertaken on the political, legal, institutional end cultural ground
Garabiol, Dominique. "Politique monétaire, circuits financiers et dynamique industrielle dans les cinq pays les plus industrialisés de 1960 à 1992." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA131022.
Full textThe growth dynamic disruption in the mid-70's for the five major industrialized economies is explained by the conjunction of the three industrial, external and monetary constraints. The 1960-1992 period is screened. The industrial constraint is emphasized namely by the kaldor proposed econometric relationship between growth of the industrial production and growth of the overall output. The external constraint is discussed through an analysis in terms of bifurcation whilst an econometric relationship between external balance and growth differential is checked. Last, the monetary constraint is defined by the impacts of, on the one hand, the savings on the adjustement of the revenu distribution and, on the other hand, the interest rate on the volume and the sectorial allotement of the investment. The implications of the phelps golden rule are assessed. A global synthesis is carried out by a principal component analysis with 45 economic indicators since 1966 a 1986. Regarding the alteration of the money core definition due to the bretton-woods system disruption, financial and monetary strategies are defined in order to prompt an industrialisation of the economies. On the domestic side, a policy for resource allocation, financial system organisation and interest rate is suggested. On the external side, the analysis involves the balance trade management with the exchange rates, the international monetary system organisation and the european integration attempts
Rakotovololona, Andry Lalaina. "Le risque de crédit dans la stratégie bancaire : déterminants quantitatifs et perspectives d'innovation sur les marchés émergents." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010035.
Full textShin, Yong-Kyoon. "Contrôle et stratégies d'expansion internationale des firmes d'un n. P. I. : le cas de la Corée du Sud." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10024.
Full textSince the expression "newly industrializing countries" has been used in economic publications, south Korea has often been cited as one such example alongside Taiwan, Singapore or Hong Kong. The economic evolution of south Korea is indeed remarkable. However the economist who is used to using the analysis of macroeconomics is unaware of the elements which structure the economic system of this country and its strategies. Consequently a fundamental question arises: who are the principle actors who play an essential role in the international development of south Korea and what are their strategies? The theory of control used throughout the research allows us to reveal the structural caracteristics and the strategies of korean multinational groups. The appearance of korean multinational groups on the international market is not an exceptional phenomenon in the theoretical aspect. In fact the analysis shows that the originality of the international development of these groups resides in the organisation of family power reinforced by financial and personal relationships. The observation made of structures and strategies using a sample of 150 major korean firms allows us to consider south Korea as a newly internationalized economy
Yapaudjian-Thibaut, Anne. "Commerce Nord-Sud et inégalités : une évaluation en équilibre général calculable." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU2002.
Full textIn the industrialised countries, in the 1980s, the rise in wage inequality and unemployment takes place in a context of intensified competition and development of trade flows. The objective of thesis is to examine the linkage between globalisation and labour market. Within the framework of North-South relations, we will focus more precisely on the distributive conflict generated by an exogenous trade policy. The first part of the thesis exposes the main theoretical and empirical lessons on the impact of trade openness under perfect competition hypothesis. Then, we develop an applied general equilibrium model with a multi-region and multi-sector specification, to assess the impact of North-South Trade on earnings distribution in industrialised countries. Simulations show that the ongoing North-South globalisation does not generate necessarily a net loss for unskilled labour. In the second part, the research work is devoted to an analysis of the effect of North-South trade with imperfections in both goods and labour markets. We show that imperfections in goods market do not lead to reconsider fundamentally the trade impact. Nevertheless, the employment and wage adjustments, generated by globalisation, are closely linked through labour market paradigms
Ismaiel, Linda. "L'application de Bâle II dans les pays émergents et le rôle controversé des agences de notation." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24006.
Full textThe establishment of the new agreement of Basel II presents a great challenge for the emergent countries and require important efforts of their part. Among these challenges are those relating to the limits of the rating agencies, which play a primordial role in the application of Basel II, especially in these countries. The study of these insufficiencies and the verification on the capacity of the rating agencies to play an efficient role in prudential regulation in the emergent countries are the main objective of this thesis. In this target, we propose two empirical studies. The first refers to the practice of the “Sovereign Ceilings” of the rating agencies, which poses a problem in the use of external notations as part of the standardized approach in the emergent countries. The methodology adopted in this study consists in estimating an Error Correction Model (ECM) on the Fitch notations of the nonbanking and banking firms in the developed and emergent countries for the period (1997-2006). The second study aims at proving, by testing the coherence between the agency notations (Moody’s and S&P) and the probability of default of banks in the emergent countries, if these notations really transmit to the market a reliable information on banks, and play an efficient role in the market discipline in these countries. In this objective, the methodology of scoring and of mapping offered by Carey and Hrycay (2001) is adopted
Delalande, Daniel. "La demande de coordination internationale des politiques économiques : analyse théorique et application aux sommets des pays industrialisés : 1975-1994." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010079.
Full textGovernments regurlaly ask for a better international coordination of economic policy. According to economic theory, they're right in doing so since economic gains are to be expected. However, empirical as well as historical studies show that these gains are uncertain and, anyway, rather small. Our purpose has then been to enrich the traditional explanation of coordination demand by taking explicitly into account its political dimension. This approach leads to analyze coordination as a two-level game: at the internal level, the political leader negociates his coordination demand with interests groups, the central bank and the parliament ; at the external level, he negociates with his counterparts. The coordination demand can then be interpreted as the result of interest groups pressures, as as a way to circumvent the central bank or the parliament, as an instrument used by the political leader to achieve his own ends, or as the reflection of the historical and cultural country's past. The different explanatory factors that we drew from the analysis were tested on the case of G7 summits ; exchange rates stabilization and coordinated global reflation demands were studied from 1975 to 1994, using simple, ordored and bivariate probit models. The result show that bad economic forecasts (comparatively to those of other countries) incline the political leader to ask for coordination. The hypothesis that a political leader will use coordination as a means to promote the efficiency of his internal economic policy and to emphasize its consistency with his external action, is only partially supported. On the other hand, external economic constraints seem to play an important role, as well as the leader's partisan preferences. The study also shows that political leaders hesitate to ask for coordination when they are in political difficulties and it induces to relativize the influence of pressure groups and historico-cultural characteristics. Finally, ceteris paribus, the fact that a political leader demand an international expansion increases the probability of stabilisation exchange rate demand and conversely. In sum, coordination demand is influenced by economic and political factors, and among these last, come clearly the ideological preferences
Salins, Véronique. "Stratégies des pays émergents en matière d'ouverture financière et de politique de change." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100062/document.
Full textThis thesis studies the strategies that an emerging country can pursue in terms of financial openness and exchange rate policy. A first chapter deals with the impact of financial openness on internal inequalities. It relies on the evolution of income distribution in eleven emerging countries which all have carried out financial liberalization reforms between 1980 and 2000, and on aggregate measures of inequalities for 42 countries in year 2001. Our empirical findings show that financial openness, and especially foreign direct investment and bank investment, tend to raise the income share of the wealthiest quintile of the population at the expense of the other quintiles. However financial openness also tends to reduce rural-urban inequalities.The second chapter explores the institutional determinants of international portfolio investment. We rely on bilateral portfolio investment data and on the Institutional Profiles database which details institutional features for 51 countries. We find that institutions matters independently of GDP per capita or capital controls. For developing countries, the most important institutional features to attract portfolio investments seem to relate to public liberties, competition, information, and intellectual property protection. For advanced economies, the prominent features relate to competition, information and capital concentration.In the third chapter, we use a DSGE model to compare the performance of both extreme regimes to an intermediate regime consisting in smoothing both nominal exchange-rate variations and CPI inflation, when a small economy is hit by several types of shocks. Without nominal wages rigidities our results are in line with the New-Keynesian literature arguing in favor of inflation targeting regimes. However, when nominal wage rigidities are taken into account, we find the intermediate regime to be desirable for an economy that is mainly hit by productivity and foreign-interest shocks, which is often the case in emerging and developing economies
Hermet, François. "Crise de change et activité économique : le rôle de la qualité du bilan des firmes." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_16_Hermet.pdf.
Full textAt the beginning of the 1990's, the "Washington consensus" considered financial deregulation a necessary condition for the development of emerging countries. Recent financial crises have raised questions as to the true benefits of such a fast integration process. Nowadays, financial globalisation does not appear a sufficient condition for the welfare of emerging economies. The discussions are based on the recessive effects of these crisis episodes. In this context, this thesis examines the link between currency crisis and economic activity. A progressive approach is adopted in order to reveal, from theoretical and empirical points of view, the essential elements for the comprehension of economic vulnerability in the aftermath of a strong currency depreciation