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Journal articles on the topic 'Generic value'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

M.Gayathri, Devi* M.Savitri P.Uma Devi P.V.Madhavi Latha B. Nagamani G.Anand Rao R.Triveni Y.Krishnaveni. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERCENTAGE PURITY AND COST OF SOME GENERIC AND BRANDED MARKETED TABLETS OF DIFFERENT CLASSES M.Gayathri Devi*, M.Savitri, P.Uma Devi, P.V.Madhavi Latha, B. Nagamani, G.Anand Rao, R.Triveni, Y.Krishnaveni." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 12 (2017): 4280–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1095549.

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The present work describes about the comparative study of percentage purity and cost of some generic and branded marketed tablets of different categories like Anti-diabetic , Diuretic, Anti-pyretic and Vitamin B formulations. Branded formulations are at high cost, so that the poor can’t afford them. Therapeutic efficacy of Generics is almost identical to that of branded drugs. But one of the major differences is Generics are 80% cheaper on average when compared to branded drugs. In fact FDA estimates that 50% of generic drug production is by brand-name companies. So the consumption of ge

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2

Falcone, Nicholas. "Repositioning Generics: The Comparative Value of Liability in FDA's Proposed Rule on Labeling." American Journal of Law & Medicine 41, no. 2-3 (2015): 483–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0098858815591529.

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Generic drugs occupy a unique position in the U.S. pharmaceuticals market. On one hand, generics are a product of basic free-market economic reasoning. Congress enacted the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (Hatch-Waxman) based on the uncontroversial assumption that inexpensive generic competition would reduce prescription drug costs. On the other hand, the generic drug industry is primarily a regulatory creation; Hatch-Waxman facilitates generic competition by permitting generic manufacturers to rely heavily on prior expenditures of pioneer drug manufacturers, inc

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3

Grošelj, Mateja, and Breda Barbič-Žagar. "Krka’s Added-value Generic Medications." Cardiologia Croatica 14, no. 5-6 (2019): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15836/ccar2019.146.

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Ulfa, Ade Maria, and Bayu Nuryanto. "Evaluasi tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, dan pengalaman terhadap penggunaan obat generik pada mahasiswa medis di Universitas Malahayati." JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues 3, no. 1 (2023): 32–37. https://doi.org/10.56922/pti.v3i1.520.

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Background: Public knowledge about generic drugs is still low and many consider generic drugs to be low-end drugs because they are cheap. The factors that influence this thinking are the level of knowledge, perception, and experience. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, perception, and experience of the use of generic drugs in medical students at Malahayati University including General Medicine, Nursing and Educating Midwives. This research was conducted with a questionnaire via online (google form). The results of this study indicate that the General Medicine Stu

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Salois, Matthew J., and Amber Reilly. "Consumer Response to Perceived Value and Generic Advertising." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 43, no. 1 (2014): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500006882.

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This study examines the relationship between generic advertising and perceived value for 100 percent orange juice using data from a survey on consumption, perceived value, advertising awareness, and other key measures. We investigate the relationships between consumption and perceived value and between generic advertising and perceived value and identify features of generic advertising of orange juice that have the greatest influence on consumers. Our analysis indicates that perceived value is strongly associated with increased consumption and is influenced by generic advertising. Generic adve

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Barbic-Zagar, Breda, and Mateja Groselj. "Krka′s cardiovascular medicines – value-added generic medicines." Cardiologia Croatica 10, no. 9-10 (2015): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15836/ccar.2015.250.

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&NA;. "Escitalopram better value than generic paroxetine in Canada." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1518 (2005): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200515180-00013.

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Sun, Ziqi, and Gunther Uhlmann. "Generic uniqueness for an inverse boundary value problem." Duke Mathematical Journal 62, no. 1 (1991): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/s0012-7094-91-06206-x.

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9

Albrecht, Martin, Ariane Höer, and Anne Zimmermann. "Value of generic medicines: an health economics study." Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 8, Suppl 1 (2015): P15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2052-3211-8-s1-p15.

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10

Spivey, W. Austin, J. Michael Munson, and Donald R. Spoon. "A generic value tree for high-technology enterprises." International Journal of Technology Management 24, no. 2/3 (2002): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtm.2002.003053.

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Koetse, Mark J., Erik T. Verhoef, and Luke M. Brander. "A generic marginal value function for natural areas." Annals of Regional Science 58, no. 1 (2016): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-016-0795-0.

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12

Jonbäck, Francis. "Generic Theistic Reliabilism." European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5, no. 3 (2013): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.v5i3.223.

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In this paper, I present the recently much discussed Value Challenge for Theories of Knowledge and formulate Generic Theistic reliabilism as a theory, which can answer this challenge, with respect to Theism and the proposition ‘God exists’.

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Hemphill, Thomas A., and Scott D. Johnson. "Premium-Priced, Branded Generic Pharmaceuticals in Emerging Economies." Business and Professional Ethics Journal 39, no. 3 (2020): 287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/bpej202091099.

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Is it socially responsible to price at a premium, company branded generic pharmaceuticals in emerging economies? Building toward an answer to this question, the study first describes the role of the branded generic sector in the economic success of the global pharmaceutical industry. Second, the concept of “shared value,” i.e., the link between competitive advantage (and its theoretical antecedents found in corporate reputation and signaling theory) and corporate social responsibility (CSR), is introduced and applied to the global pharmaceutical industry’s position on marketing generic pharmac

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Socal, Mariana P., Thomas Cordeiro, Gerard F. Anderson, and Ge Bai. "Estimating Savings Opportunities From Therapeutic Substitutions of High-Cost Generic Medications." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 11 (2022): e2239868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39868.

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ImportanceUse of generics is generally understood as a cost-saving practice. However, pharmacy benefit managers have an incentive to place higher-priced generic drugs on insurers’ drug formularies to profit by creating a large difference between the price negotiated with pharmacies and the price paid by insurers (what is known as spread pricing).ObjectiveTo examine price differentials and savings potential between high-cost generics and corresponding therapeutic alternatives of same clinical value and lower cost.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional analysis examined the top 10

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TA, Prasad, Panesar A, and Suttee A. "A Comparative Study of Branded and Generic Drugs: Cost Analysis in Indian Scenario." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 04 (2024): 1148–61. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.14.4.55.

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Rising medicine costs adversely affects the access to healthcare and the economic status of households. Branded medicines are priced significantly higher than their generic equivalents (identical therapeutic value), even after the patent expiry. With governments pushing for greater adoption of generics, price remains the critical factor. Objective: To understand the status of research into the ‘Pharmacoeconomics’ of generic medicine and test the fundamental premise of unbranded generic drugs being cheaper than branded drugs by conducting a comprehensive cost analysis in the Indian situation. M

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16

Andrews, Richard. "Argument in Schools: the value of a generic approach." Cambridge Journal of Education 23, no. 3 (1993): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305764930230306.

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17

Kerr, D. "Generic drugs: their role in better value cancer care." Annals of Oncology 24 (September 2013): v5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdt321.

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de la Cuerda, Ángel Luis Rodríguez. "The Spanish Generic Market: Opportunities and Challenges." Journal of Generic Medicines: The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector 7, no. 2 (2010): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jgm.2010.7.

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A decade after generic medicines were first introduced in Spain there are now 187 active ingredients in the market and the government has approved 5.105 generic medicines. The sector enjoyed continued growth until 2008, when it slowed down (growth was only 2.4 per cent). The market share of generics is low compared to most European countries — 14 per cent by volume and 6.5 per cent by value whereas in northern European countries generics account for between 35 and 45 per cent of the market or more, but new government policies may help to stimulate generic utilization. On balance these first 10

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McGee, Shelley-Ann Marion. "The economic and pricing impact of authorized generic medicines in South Africa." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 9, no. 1 (2015): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-11-2013-0059.

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Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether authorized generics (AGs) have influenced prices and market shares in markets for molecules facing generic competition in South Africa. AGs (clones), which are identical to the originator brands, offer a solution for originator companies to protect their markets from independent generic (IG) competition. IG competitors have claimed that AGs have a negative impact on pricing and competition. Design/methodology/approach – In a retrospective analysis, pricing and quantity data for 24 months post generic entry were extracted for oral solid dosage form p

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Xanthopoulou, Sofia-Sotiria, and Korina Katsaliaki. "Policies and perceptions on generic drugs: The case of Greece." Health Services Management Research 32, no. 1 (2018): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951484817752630.

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The increase in the consumption of generic drugs to reduce pharmaceutical expenditure is a challenge for many countries, especially during the economic crisis. The purpose of the present study is to review the Greek market of generic drugs and the decisions that shape it, to determine the factors that affect Greek patients’ and doctors’ attitudes about generic substitution and present a set of measures for all stakeholders based on the findings of the secondary and primary analysis. The study includes (a) an analysis of international and national reports and legislation on drugs policies and (

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Job, Veronika, Jana Nikitin, Sophia X. Zhang, Priyanka B. Carr, and Gregory M. Walton. "Social Traces of Generic Humans Increase the Value of Everyday Objects." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 43, no. 6 (2017): 785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167217697694.

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Past research finds that people behave as though the particular qualities of specific, strongly valenced individuals “rub off” on objects. People thus value a sweater worn by George Clooney but are disgusted by one worn by Hitler. We hypothesized that social traces of generic humans can also adhere to objects, increasing their value. Experiments 1 and 2 found that simply marking that consumer products (mugs, giftwrap) were made by generic strangers (e.g., “by people using machines” vs. “by machines run by people”) increased their perceived value. Experiment 3 demonstrated that this effect was

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Brogaard, Berit. "Can Virtue Reliabilism Explain the Value of Knowledge?" Canadian Journal of Philosophy 36, no. 3 (2006): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjp.2006.0015.

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I IntroductionA fundamental intuition about knowledge is that it is more valuable than mere true belief. This intuition is pervasive. We have an almost universal desire to know and nearly no desire to believe the truth accidentally. However, it turns out to be extremely difficult to explain why knowledge is more valuable. Linda Zagzebski and others have called this the ‘value problem.’ They argue that the value problem is particularly difficult to unravel for generic reliabilism. According to generic reliabilism, knowledge is true belief produced by reliable belief-forming processes or faculti

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23

Bielawski, Dariusz. "Generic properties of some boundary value problems for differential equations." Colloquium Mathematicum 73, no. 2 (1997): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/cm-73-2-173-181.

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Bielawski, Dariusz. "Generic properties of the Nicoletti and Floquet boundary value problems." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 120, no. 3 (1994): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-1994-1195712-6.

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25

Pitelis, Christos, and Stuart Taylor. "From Generic Strategies to Value for Money in Hypercompetitive Environments." Journal of General Management 21, no. 4 (1996): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030630709602100404.

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Benzoni-Gavage, Sylvie, Frédéric Rousset, Denis Serre, and K. Zumbrun. "Generic types and transitions in hyperbolic initial–boundary-value problems." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 132, no. 5 (2002): 1073–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030821050000202x.

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The stability of linear initial–boundary-value problems for hyperbolic systems (with constant coefficients) is linked to the zeros of the so-called Lopatinskii determinant. Depending on the location of these zeros, problems may be either unstable, strongly stable or weakly stable. The first two classes are known to be ‘open’, in the sense that the instability or the strong stability persists under a small change of coefficients in the differential operator and/or in the boundary condition.Here we show that a third open class exists, which we call ‘weakly stable of real type’. Many examples of

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Benzoni-Gavage, Sylvie, Frédéric Rousset, Denis Serre, and K. Zumbrun. "Generic types and transitions in hyperbolic initial–boundary-value problems." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 132, no. 5 (2002): 1073–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210502000537.

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The stability of linear initial–boundary-value problems for hyperbolic systems (with constant coefficients) is linked to the zeros of the so-called Lopatinskii determinant. Depending on the location of these zeros, problems may be either unstable, strongly stable or weakly stable. The first two classes are known to be ‘open’, in the sense that the instability or the strong stability persists under a small change of coefficients in the differential operator and/or in the boundary condition.Here we show that a third open class exists, which we call ‘weakly stable of real type’. Many examples of

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28

Scalbert, Irénée. "The value of plenty." Architectural Research Quarterly 2, no. 3 (1997): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135500001391.

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For the last 40 years, organic values have prevailed in Western architecture. The conflict in the 1950s between the organic and the typical with its ideology of mechanisation is currently being reenacted under the new categories of the generic and the specific. These two orders of value are assumed to be incompatible, even though both history and theory suggest otherwise. In this conflict, the organic has so far survived unscathed in spite of a growing interest in the typical, the status of which remains unclarified: should it be envisaged as a means to an aesthetic, as it is at present, or sh

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Wajda, Edyta, and Daniel Karczewski. "Do All Eagles Fly High? The Generic Overgeneralization Effect: The Impact of Fillers in Truth Value Judgment Tasks." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 61, no. 1 (2020): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2020-0008.

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AbstractThe generic overgeneralization effect is an attested tendency to accept false universal generalizations such as “all eagles fly” or “all snakes lay eggs” as true. In this paper, we discuss the generic overgeneralization effect demonstrated by Polish adult speakers. We asked 313 native speakers of Polish to evaluate universal quantified generalizations such as “all eagles fly” or “all snakes lay eggs” as true or false. The control group of 107 respondents provided data on the acceptance rates of the corresponding generic generalizations such as “eagles fly” or “snakes lay eggs”. By dete

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Veleva, Vesela, and Berkeley W. Cue Jr. "Benchmarking green chemistry adoption by “big pharma” and generics manufacturers." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 5 (2017): 1414–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-01-2016-0003.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to benchmark current adoption of green chemistry (GC) practices by the innovative and generic pharmaceutical companies and examine the drivers, barriers and future opportunities. Design/methodology/approach The authors examined publicly available data for the top 10 “big pharma” and top ten generic drug manufacturers. Using the IQ Green Chemistry working group framework for effective GC programs, they scored each of the 20 companies in seven key areas. Findings The study finds that generic drug companies have not embraced GC at the level of the innovative p

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Yu, M., and Shao Peng Wu. "Influence of the Heating Conditions on the Asphalt Compositions by Grey System Theory." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1673–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1673.

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This paper carried out the applications of grey system theory to correlate asphalt compositions and heating conditions which consist of asphalt mass, heating temperature and length of heating time. To clarify the influences of the heating conditions, the asphalt compositions were determined, including four generic components, namely asphaltenes, resins, aromatics and saturates, the total contents of asphaltenes and resins replaced by A value, the total contents of aromatics and saturates replaced by B value, and the ratio of A and B(A/B value). Results show that all the four generic components

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Karwal, Vijay P. "Mergers & Acquisitions Update: Changing the Strategic Paradigm in the Global Generics Market." Journal of Generic Medicines: The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector 6, no. 4 (2009): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jgm.2009.21.

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The generic pharmaceutical sector has witnessed an unprecedented level of mergers & acquisitions (M&A) activity in recent years. Companies are engaging in merger activity to strengthen their strategic positioning in response to the changing competitive landscape in the industry. In a growing global generic market, having adequate scale and financial strength will be key attributes to manage pressure on pricing and margins, capture growth opportunities globally, establish a competitive cost base, and be able to pursue high value but high investment opportunities in niche generics and bi

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Baula, O. P., O. O. Saliy, V. I. Bessаrabov, and A. М. Gerasimchuk. "Comparative studies of the kinetics of dissolution of medicines on the basis of clopidogrel." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.1.21.03.

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Generic medicines occupy dominant positions both in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine and in industrial production by domestic pharmaceutical enterprises. The use of generic drugs in medical practice is of significant medical and social importance for expanding the accessibility of the general population to essential drugs. In Ukraine, more than twenty generic medicines based on clopidogrel, both foreign and domestic, are registered. All generic drugs containing clopidogrel bisulfate must comply with pharmaceutical bisulfate must comply with pharmaceutical equivalence, the kinetics of relea

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Wieland, Heiko, Francesco Polese, Stephen L. Vargo, and Robert F. Lusch. "Toward a Service (Eco)Systems Perspective on Value Creation." International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology 3, no. 3 (2012): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssmet.2012070102.

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This article discusses how the core concepts of service-dominant logic—service-for-service exchange, value co-creation, value propositions, resource integration, and highly collaborative relationships—point to a generic actor conceptualization in which all actors engaged in exchange (e.g., firms, customers, etc.) are viewed as service providing, value-creating enterprises. In other words, all social and economic actors are essentially doing the same thing: creating value for themselves and others through reciprocal resource integration and service provision. The authors suggest that this gener

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Reshetnikova, G. A. "FACILITIES OF NATIONAL SECURITY: THEIR NATURE, SOCIO-POLITICAL AND LEGAL VALUE." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 31, no. 4 (2021): 690–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-4-690-696.

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The types of objects of national security are investigated: personality, society, state. An analysis and the author's assessment of opposing points of view are given, arguments "for" legal types of objects of national security are presented. The generic affiliation (nature) of the objects of national security is established. On this basis, it is argued that national security objects have their own meaning only in relation to a person, performing a service function, for the realization of his socio-political and legal interests, in the form of socio-political (personality, society, state) and l

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Lombard, Natasha, Maria A. Stander, Herman Redelinghuys, M. Marianne Le Roux, and Ben-Erik Van Van Wyk. "A Study of Phenolic Compounds and Their Chemophenetic Value in the Genus Thesium (Santalaceae)." Diversity 14, no. 8 (2022): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14080590.

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Despite the common use of Thesium species as food and medicine and the prevailing systematic (taxonomic) difficulties of the genus, the diversity of phenolic compounds and their chemophenetic value remain largely unknown. As part of ongoing systematic research on Thesium, phenolic compounds and their composition were investigated at four taxonomic ranks: generic, infrageneric, interspecific and infraspecific. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, multivariate analyses, comparisons to DNA data and manual investigations of total ion chromatograms were conducted for 156 samples of 50 Thesium s

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Fürst, Andreas, and Matthias Staritz. "Creating Superior Value in the Eyes of the Customer: An Analysis of the Two Generic Value Drivers and Value Paths." Marketing ZFP 44, no. 3 (2022): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2022-3-3.

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Despite the considerable body of work on customer value, the literature remains highly fragmented and thus surprisingly silent on two elementary questions: (1) whether a firm should focus more strongly on the product core (a product’s basic elements) or the product surrounding (a product’s additional elements) and (2) whether a firm should focus on the cognitive path (a product’s actual value) or the intuitive path (the signaling of efforts to create a product of high value). Given the large investments required for customer value creation and firms’ increased need for cost control, the answer

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Talukdar, Nabanita, and Shubin Yu. "Do materialists care about sustainable luxury?" Marketing Intelligence & Planning 38, no. 4 (2020): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-05-2019-0277.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the underlying psychological mechanism and boundary conditions which drive materialists' purchase intention (PI) of sustainable over generic luxury products.Design/methodology/approachFour empirical studies (one survey and three experiments) were conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsMaterialism has a positive effect on consumers' purchase intention of sustainable over generic luxury products because materialists tend to have higher perceived functional value of sustainable (i.e., green) luxury products. Product conspicuousness (i.e., publi

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Chauhan, Nupur, Prasanna Mithra, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, et al. "IJCM_227A: Perception and attitude towards Generic drug prescription among Medical Undergraduates of Mangalore." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (2024): S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract227.

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Background: The assessment of future doctor’s perceptions and understanding about generic medicines may help in recognizing possible barriers to greater generic medicine usage. This study was done to explore and evaluate the perceptions and attitudes towards prescribing generic drugs among medical undergraduates of Mangalore and the factors associated with it. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among Undergraduate Medical students of KMC, Mangalore. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)

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Dylst, Pieter, Arnold Vulto, and Steven Simoens. "Societal value of generic medicines beyond cost-saving through reduced prices." Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research 15, no. 4 (2015): 701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737167.2015.1017565.

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Suchak, Kinjal, and Lisa J. Murray. "Generic portfolio management: A paradigm for minimizing risk and maximizing value." Journal of Generic Medicines: The Business Journal for the Generic Medicines Sector 13, no. 2 (2016): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741134316677850.

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Han, Xiaoling, Jia Xu, and Guowei Dai. "Global Bifurcation in2m-Order Generic Systems of Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/804619.

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We consider the systems of(-1)mu(2m)=λu+λv+uf(t,u,v), t∈(0,1), u(2i)(0)=u(2i)(1)=0, and0≤i≤m-1, (-1)mv(2m)=μu+μv+vg(t,u,v), t∈(0,1), v(2i)(0)=v(2i)(1)=0, 0≤i≤m-1, whereλ,μ∈Rare real parameters.f,g:[0,1]×R2→RareCk,k≥3functions andf(t,0,0)=g(t,0,0)=0,t∈[0,1]. It will be shown that if the functions,fandgare “generic” then the solution set of the systems consists of a countable collection of 2-dimensional,Ckmanifolds.

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Mikhailets, Vladimir, Aleksandr Murach, and Vitalii Soldatov. "Continuity in a parameter of solutions to generic boundary-value problems." Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations, no. 87 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/ejqtde.2016.1.87.

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Ferraz, M. B., and E. P. Nardi. "Value Attributes of Generic Versus Branded Drugs in São Paulo, Brazil." Value in Health 16, no. 7 (2013): A338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.08.096.

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Bertsekas, Dimitri P. "Generic rank-one corrections for value iteration in Markovian decision problems." Operations Research Letters 17, no. 3 (1995): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6377(95)00007-7.

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ROE, PAUL. "The ‘value’ of positive security." Review of International Studies 34, no. 4 (2008): 777–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210508008279.

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AbstractThis article seeks to revise the concept of Positive Security. Although largely neglected by the existing Security Studies literature, Bill McSweeney’s work otherwise represents a significant contribution in this regard. The author argues, however, that although of great value, McSweeney’s positive security formulation is unduly restrictive in terms of the referent object and to the sectors of security it is applicable to, and cannot unproblematically be equated to ontological security, as McSweeney’s work tends to do. Employing Graham Smith’s notion of a ‘generic’ security conception,

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Jang, Suhyun, and Sunmee Jang. "Trends in Pharmaceutical Market Structure and Generic Drug Utilization in the Korean National Health Security System (2007-2017)." Yakhak Hoeji 67, no. 3 (2023): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17480/psk.2023.67.3.205.

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We aimed to analyze the market structure and changes in the market share of new drugs, original drugs, and generic drugs in the pharmaceutical market over the past ten years. We utilized national health insurance claims data, including both national health insurance and medical aid, from 2007 to 2017 to establish pharmaceutical expenditure and usage data. The drugs are categorized into new drugs, original drugs (expired patents), and generic drugs. Furthermore, we classified the original drugs as single-source and multi-source original drugs based on whether generic drugs had entered the marke

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DJAMOURI, Redouane. "UN EMPLOI PARTICULIER DE YOU () EN CHINOIS ARCHAIQUE." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 21, no. 2 (1992): 231–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-90000331.

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This article tries to show that all the "YOU ()+Noun" nominal compounds in Early Archaic Chinese express a collective and generic value. This peculiar meaning is due to the presence of YOU itself and is derivated from the fondamental existential value of this morpheme. Both epigraphical and philological data legitimate this derivation. Depending on the nominal terms it precedes, YOU can modifie some of their semantic features in order to present them in a generic acceptation. Some theorical justifications are provided, and it is shown how "YOU+N" compounds always fit a definite, discreet and g

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Blau, Gary. "Integrating Perceived Added Educational Value Business Administration Core Course Items into Scales and Their Relationships to Degree Program Satisfaction and Business School Reputation Influence." Journal of Education and Learning 8, no. 4 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n4p1.

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Prior research has not investigated perceived added education value in courses. Using a sample of 165 graduating business students, two business administration (BA) scales were created from six required BA core courses as part of students&rsquo; Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) degree. Students were asked if each required course &ldquo;added value to their education&rdquo;. The two core scales (number of items) were labeled: BA Unique (4 items) and BA Generic (2 items). Analysis showed that the BA Unique scale had higher perceived added education value than the BA Generic

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Antalóczy, Katalin, Tamás Gáspár, and Magdolna Sass. "The Specialties of the Pharmaceutical Value Chains in Hungary." Acta Oeconomica 69, S2 (2019): 41–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2019.69.s2.3.

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The length, the composition, the quality and the characteristics of value chains essentially determine the corporate as well as the macroeconomic performance of the economic sectors and industries. Hungary has a strong tradition in the pharmaceutical industry but its dynamising impact seems to be limited on the economy. The aim of this paper is to detect and reveal the specialties of the Hungarian pharmaceutical industry both in space and time by a value chain analysis. Our method is partly quantitative, we use an input-output analysis; and partly qualitative, relying on interviews with the re

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