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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Generické strategie'
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1
Marek, Jan. "Strategické podnikatelské aktivity vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124837.
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The subject of the Graduation theses "Strategic Business Activities of Outward Bound - Česká cesta, s.r.o." is creation developing strategy of choosen enterprise. Starting point is the strategic analysis of external and internal environment, which show and describe the most important impacts taking effect at a given enterprise. Based on these impacts is deduced mission and vision of an enterprise and long-term goals. In closing part of the thesis is choosen one of the generic strategies and gives suggestions how to strategy realize.
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Kiss, Miroslav. "Strategie konkurenčních střetů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223813.
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Diploma thesis should serve as a proposal of a strategy of competitive encounters for management of company. Realization of this proposal has assumption for strengthening the competitiveness of the company, and the successful development of the company in the future. This thesis is divided into three parts- theoretical, analytical and project part. Basic terms and used methods for strategic analysis of extarnal and internal influences are described in theoretical part. These methods are applied on the actual company in the analytical part. Suggested alternative of solutions are described in the project part. The most suitable alternative is defined in the closure.
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Adamec, Jaroslav. "Nástroj pro podporu volby optimální strategie firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236600.
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The thesis considers theoretical bases for understanding the product, company, competition and strategies. The thesis compares material and immaterial products and examines the properties of information goods. The thesis considers regularities of strategic management and strategic concepts. The thesis examines analysis used in strategic management, analyses requirements for the system data and describes implemented analysis and their usage.
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Ovčačík, Miroslav. "Návrh konkurenční strategie firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222099.
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The aim of this work is propose competitive strategy of Stytotrade company. It is divided into three segments: theoretic part, analytical part and project part. The theoretical part present the company and literary sources that deal with strategies of competitive advantage, Porter generic strategies, theory knowledge of competition, marketing research and strategy for market leader. Analytical part is focused on the identification of competition, macro environment, current corporate strategy, marketing mix and marketing research. Project part - data from the marketing research are processed to SWOT analysis that is fundation for the propose of competitive strategy.
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Štěpánek, Ivo. "Nástroj pro podporu volby optimální strategie firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-255475.
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This thesis deals with an optimal strategy choice of a company. The issues of products and services, marketing and mainly strategic management with emphasis on optimal strategy choice of a company are described in theoretical part. There are introduced fundamental methods of internal and external strategic analysis. With use of mentioned facts a program for support of strategic management is proposed. This program is aiming to make well structured and quantifiable methods of strategic analysis easier and more clear, based on which it is possible to define and choose an optimal strategy of a company.
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Hůrková, Iva. "Strategická analýza zdravotnického zařízení: Centrum zdravotní péče Jirny." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72192.
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The thesis contains a strategic analysis of company Centrum zdravotní péče Jirny. The work analyzes the internal enviroment and external enviroment, the knowledge obtained on the basis of recommaendations are made for possible improvement and selection of appropriate strategies.
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Milova, Nina. "Exploring strategic role of IT from the perspective of Ansoff's and Porter's generic strategies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59285.pdf.
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Bartoš, Jan. "Strategická analýza v podniku Autoseating, s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76987.
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The Diploma thesis is focused on internal and external analysis of the company Autoseating. In the first, teoretical, part of the thesis are explained the basic therms as a strategy,a mission and a vision follower by the external Pest and Porter 5 forces analyses. Author continued with an internal analysis represented by resource analysis and financial analysis. At the end of teoretical part were explained swot analysis together with choice of generic strategies made by porter. Practical part fullfiled all the analyses mentioned. Pest analysis was made as a first one, with no breaking news. But porter analysis of 5 forces disclosed endangering by suppliers in a case of import-branch in Autoseating, an endangering by customers in the case of car-parts production, an finally big endangering by e-shops for shop "Prodejna Honzik". The majority contribution brought an internal analysis, particulary the financial one. There were suggested better usage of capital and to take measures to improve stock-turn. Final swot analysis confirmed facts found in Porters model of 5 forces (competition analysis). The company Autoseating deals with the high quality products, so the author decided to recommend diferenciation strategy and added some measures to improve contemporary system.
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Curtis, Todd Anthony. "Rhetorical strategies and generic conventions in the Galenic corpus." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3598.
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This is the first extensive comparative study that systematically illustrates how Galen tailors his rhetorical strategies according to the genre of literature he is using. This study is part of a growing body of literature which attempts to address the over-arching question posed by Prof. van der Eijk in Toward a Rhetoric of Ancient Scientific Discourse-'How was scientific knowledge expressed and communicated in the ancient world?'. The particular aim of this study is to provide insight into the interrelationship between scientific knowledge, genre and rhetoric in the Galenic Corpus. To illustrate this, six Galenic texts were selected as exemplars of different types of scientific communication: protreptic, prolegomena, medical commentary, isagogic text, thesis and scientific treatise. Each exemplar is systematically analysed in respect to its understood objective, participants (author/audience), structure, language, level of explanation and the kinds of proofs used. This analysis is informed both by modern linguistic theory as well as by ancient definitions and practices of the aforementioned types of discourse. The format of this study lends itself to drawing comparisons between the aforementioned texts. This study illustrates how Galen is a skilled communicator who adjusts his authorial posture, arguments and stylistic register to a broad range of communicative situations and audiences.
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CAVALCANTI, PAULA MACHADO COSTA RABELLO. "POST GENERIC BRAZILIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY STRATEGIC TYPOLOGIES: EXPLANATORY CAPABILITY VERSUS PARSIMONY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5938@1.
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Este estudo tem por objetivo testar as tipologias
estratégicas de Porter, Mintzberg e Miles & Snow nas
indústrias farmacêuticas que operam no Brasil, destacando o
trade-off clássico, poder explanatório versus
parcimonialidade na capacidade descritiva destas
tipologias. Para isso, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica
compreendendo estratégias, ambiente e desempenho, e
utilizada uma base de dados com informações sobre as
cinqüenta maiores indústrias farmacêuticas em operação no
Brasil, selecionadas pelo critério de faturamento. Desta
base de dados foram extraídas dez variáveis estratégicas e
sete variáveis de desempenho. Estas variáveis foram
avaliadas estatisticamente empregando-se entre outras
análises, a análise de cluster e MANOVA, de forma a
permitir a identificação de grupos estratégicos de acordo
com as tipologias em estudo. Por fim, o desempenho médio
dos grupos estratégicos formados foi comparado com os
resultados esperados pelos respectivos modelos teóricos.
Constatou-se que as três tipologias testadas exibem
capacidades descritivas distintas, sendo que a de Porter
demonstrou maior aderência às indústrias farmacêuticas em
operação no Brasil. A parcimonialidade venceu o poder
explanatório neste mercado em profunda transformação.This study’s objective is to test of Porter’s, Mintzberg’s and Miles & Snow’s strategic typologies in the pharmaceutical industries that operate in Brazil, detaching the explanatory capability versus parsimony classic trade-off in its capacity to describe these typologies. A bibliographical revision was made including strategies, environment and performance, using a database with information about the largest fifty pharmaceutical industries operating in Brazil based on invoicing criteria. Ten strategic variables and seven performance variables had been extracted from this database. These variables had been evaluated using statistical procedures as cluster analysis and MANOVA, in order to allow the identification of strategic groups according to the typologies being studied. Finally, the strategic groups average performances were compared to the respective theoretical models expected results. The three tested typologies showed distinct descriptive capabilities. Porter’s typology demonstrated greater tack to the pharmaceutical industries operating in Brazil. The parsimony won the explanatory capability in this market in deep transformation.
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Gottmarsson, Jessica. "Handelskvarteret Valvet : En fallstudie om konkurrensstrategier vid etablering av nytt handelskvarter." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289157.
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Karlstad står inför sin största stadsomvandling i modern tid. Fler bostäder, utökad och förbättrad stadskärna, förnyad infrastruktur för både tåg-, buss-, bil-, gång- och cykelresenärer är delar av kommunens vision inför 2030. Handelsindex tyder på fortsatt goda förutsättningar till konsumtion. En efterlängtad satsning på ett nytt handelskvarter mitt i centrala Karlstad får äntligen startbesked och en ny modern handelsplats med inslag av kulturhistoriskt intressanta lokaler tar vid. En saluhall tillkommer, något man trodde var efterlängtat och därmed skulle locka besökare. Men utfallet visade sig bli annorlunda. Med höga förväntningar invigdes år 2016 den sista etappen av handelskvarteret Valvet. Kort efter öppning har förhoppningarna om Valvets nysatsning för centrumutvecklingen i staden raserats, den respons man förväntade och det kundflödet man räknade med uppstod aldrig. År 2017 tar man beslutet att avveckla handelsverksamheten för att istället satsa på restaurangverksamhet och nöjen i lokalerna. Syftet med arbetet är att studera källorna till varför etableringen av Handelskvarteret Valvet inte lyckades leva kvar. Michael Porters konkurrensstrategi, femkraftsmodellen, samt Porters generiska basstrategier utgör det teoretiska ramverket och för att berika den kvalitativa studien har intervjuer gjorts med personer i direkt anknytning till projektet om Valvet. Annan datainsamling har skett via dokument från Karlstad kommun och också publicerade artiklar i värmländska tidskrifter. Resultatet visar att på att det finns flera orsaker till att etableringen inte lyckades i den utsträckning man först önskade. Klimatet har förändrats i centrum i takt med ökad e-handel och externhandel, konkurrensen har således ökat. Samtidigt har ett bristfälligt kundunderlag skapat en övertro på en av huvudaktörerna, kundflödet blev bristfälligt och påverkade hela handelskvarteret negativt. Värdeskapande faktorer har varit svaga, däribland utformning, synergieffekter och hyresgästmixen. Antydan till en förskjutning i centrum, från konsumtion till upplevelser, har möjligen också haft en inverkan vid etableringen.Karlstad faces its greatest urban transformation in modern times. More housing, expanded and improved city centers, renewed infrastructure for train, buses, cars, pedestrians and cyclists are all part of the municipality's vision by 2030. The trade index indicates continued favorable conditions for consumption. An anticipated investment in a new commercial district in the center of Karlstad is finally launched, and a new modern shopping center with elements of historical- and cultural interesting areas is taking place. A market hall is added, something that was thought to be wished-for and would attract visitors. But the outcome turned out to be different. With high expectations in 2016, the final stage of the shopping center Valvet was opened. Soon after opening, the hopes for Valvet's new initiative for city center development were gone. The response expected and the anticipated customer flow never occurred. In 2017, the decision is taken to discontinue the shopping center, to instead change the concept into restaurants and a giant event park. The purpose of this work is to study the sources of why the establishment of Valvet shopping center failed. Michael Porter's competitive strategy, the five forces analysis model, constitutes the theoretical framework. In order to enrich the qualitative study, interviews have been made with people directly related to the project Valvet. Other data collection has been carried out via documents from the municipality but also published articles in Värmländska newspapers. The result shows that there are several reasons why the establishment failed to the extent that was first desired. The climate has changed in the city center in line with increased e-commerce and external trade, competition has thus increased. At the same time, a deficient customer base has created a superstition about one of the main players, the customer flow became deficient and had a negative effect on the entire trading district. Value-creating factors have been weak, including design, synergy effects and the tenant mix. The hint of a shift in the center, from consumption to experiences, may also have had an impact on the establishment.
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Krishnamurthy, Prashanth M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Amit Prasad. "Inventory strategies for patented and generic products for a pharmaceutical supply chain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77540.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-77).
This thesis presents a model to determine safety stock considering the distinct planning parameters for a pharmaceutical company. Traditional parameters such as forecast accuracy, service level requirements and average lead-time are combined with a nontraditional upstream uncertainty parameter defined as supply reliability. In this instance, supply reliability measures uncertainty in the supply quantity delivered rather than variability in the lead-time for delivery. We consider the impact of the safety stock using two products: a proprietary product that is patented and a generic product that recently went off patent. Sensitivity analysis is performed to provide insights on the impact of variations in input parameters. The study shows that there is a significant difference in safety stock between the proposed model and the current model used by the company.
by Prashanth Krishnamurthy and Amit Prasad.
M.Eng.in Logistics
13
Bergström, Johanna. "Pharmaceutical Patent Strategies : The Competition between Originator and Generic Companies within the European Union." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19695.
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The pharmaceutical market is a billon euro industry and the competition on the market is highly intensive. Primarily there are two competitors on the market, partly the originators which provide the market with new drugs, and partly the generics which produce copies of the originators‟ drugs. The originators are able to be granted patent protection of the drug under the European patent system, provided that the drug fulfils the requirements for patentability. During the period of patent protection the generics are not able to produce copies of the drug, but once the duration of the patent has expired the generics are able start the production. Thus, in order to hinder the generics to make copies of the drug, the originators apply various patent strategies. This has been noted by the European Commission, which conducted a sector inquiry of the pharmaceutical market in 2009. The presentation of the competition within the market focused on the applied strategies by the originator and concluded that all measures will be taken to hinder restrictions on the competition. In conjunction, the General Court judged in a recent case that the originator AstraZeneca constituted an infringement of the competition law when their strategies were applied. The complexity of determine whether a strategy is lawful or not, is due to the interface between the intellectual property law and the EC competition law. This implies that the strategy can be lawful under the IP law but unlawful under the competition law. The Court has established that any strategy, regardless of its legality under the IP law, constitutes an infringement of the competition law if it might restrict the competition. The Courts do not provide sufficient guidelines of the conditions that constitute the infringement. Consequently, the strategies‟ legality is at present time uncertain.
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Pinheiro, Catarina Quelhas dos Santos da Costa. "Exit strategies of pharmaceutical multinational companies from Portugal and the successful implementation of new Portuguese companies." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11793.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsIn 2001 and 2004, two multinational companies (MNC) of the pharmaceutical industry, respectively Bayer and Janssen, left its manufacture operations in Portugal. From its exit, other two Portuguese small and medium enterprises (SME) were born: Bluepharma and Lusomedicamenta. These companies have been highly successful due to the representativeness of exports, contract-manufacturing and generic production. This report intents to study the exit of the MNC and the implementation of the Portuguese SMEs.
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De, Villiers Anton. "Identifying the generic competencies of Rugby Union referees." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09132004-152349.
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Sum, Vichet. "THE IMPACT OF TRAINING AND ITS INTEGRATION IN THE FIRM'S BUSINESS STRATEGIES ON THE FIRM'S COMPETITIVENESS." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1967978701&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Strindemark, Emil, and Philip Johansson. "9504016479." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35678.
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Branding strategies in the context of startup companies has been vaguely investigated. This is surprising since companies in the early startup phase recognize a need to quickly create brand equity in order to differentiate themselves from competitors to rise above the clutter in the market space. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate what branding strategies Swedish technology startup companies employ to create brand equity. Founders of four Swedish startup companies within the technology industry has been interviewed in order to gain insight in the context of startup companies and what branding strategies they employ. The authors present some common denominators between the branding strategies that are used. It is concluded that it is crucial for startups to create brand awareness. It is also recognized that startups rarely communicate company values. Instead, functional benefits and product characteristics are often communicated. Lastly, it appears that the overarching branding strategy of the studied startup companies is their emphasis on the importance of being perceived as different compared to competitors.
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Liu, Kuang-Tai. "ALTERNATIVE GENERIC STRATEGIES STUDY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE FIRMS IN TAIWANESE ELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY." NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/65.
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The economy of Taiwan relies heavily upon the electronic manufacturing industry; hence choosing appropriate generic business strategies which are consistent with the environment based on suitable resources can allow small and medium size firms to sustain their competitive advantages and earn a higher return for the electronic manufacturing industry in Taiwan. This study intensities the effect of the precedent factors and generic business strategies chosen on the performance of small and medium size firms in the Taiwanese electronic manufacturing industry. It explores simultaneously the impact of the resources and the environment on business strategy which affects a firm's performance will provide valuable insight into the formulation of competitive strategies by structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. Finally, the use of SAS 9.0 with Amos 5.0 perform first order confirmatory factor analysis for the reliability of questionnaire and explores the relationship among variables in the proposed model based upon path analysis and multiple regression statistical methods and to recommends a new model depending on survey data gathered from firms in Taiwanese electronic manufacturing industry.
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Frisk, Christopher, and Alfred Johansson. "Passion Driven Companies in a Profit Driven Industry : A qualitative study on how craft entrepreneurs’ motivations affect their perception of competitive strategy." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149999.
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The microbrewery industry is the fastest growing industry in Sweden. In seven years, the industry has grown by 832 percent. The dramatic increase of microbreweries has led to a highly competitive business environment for these entrepreneurs. This calls for microbreweries to develop strategies for how to stand out in this increasingly competitive environment, i.e., create competitive advantages. However, previous studies have shown that craft entrepreneurs do not strive to achieve traditional economic objectives as the competitive strategy research field suggest that companies have. Hence, traditional competitive strategies may not be applicable for these entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop an understanding how motivational factors affect craft entrepreneurs’ competitive strategy. To fulfill the purpose, we conducted a case study on microbrewers within the northern region of Sweden. We used a qualitative research methodology where we conducted semi-structured interviews. Seven microbreweries participated in the study. We found that craft entrepreneurs’ motivations for why they started and maintained their microbreweries were mainly because of their passion and interest for the craft and therefore this was their primary objective. However, they perceived profit as a necessity that would enable them to achieve their primary objective. Therefore, we found that these entrepreneurs have dual objectives. We also found that entrepreneurs’ motivations affected their competitive strategies. These entrepreneur’s dual objectives caused some dilemmas when the two objectives contrasted each other. We saw tendencies that this created tension among these entrepreneurs when they had to balance the two objectives of generating profit and achieving objectives related to their passion and interest for the craft. Further, we found that these tensions caused implications on the entrepreneurs’ perception of competitive strategy. Their perception of competitive strategy differed from traditional theory in three areas. Firstly, they had a resistance to grow their businesses. Secondly, they had a resistance for product/market development. And lastly, they experienced a low level of ambiguity when competing and cooperating simultaneously. In this study, we have been able to deepen the knowledge of craft entrepreneurs and how their motivations affect their competitive strategy. This is a first step in developing an understanding of how additional objectives to profit can cause implications for competitiveness.
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Heijltjes, Maria Gertrudis. "Organizational fit or failure competitive environments, generic and specific strategies in Great Britain and the Netherlands /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8345.
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COHEN, FELIPE DAVID. "THE GENERIC DRUGS LAUNCH AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES OF THE BRAZILIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4789@1.
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O propósito deste estudo é analisar o advento dos genéricos
e verificar seu impacto nas estratégias competitivas
implementadas por empresas da indústria farmacêutica
brasileira. Este trabalho adota como base o estudo de
Michael Porter sobre tipologias, identificando as
estratégias relevantes e os grupamentos existentes nesse
segmento industrial, buscando também relacionar o
posicionamento estratégico assumido pelos laboratórios ao
desempenho observado. O método de análise constitui-se do
levantamento de uma base de dados obtida a partir de
relatórios de consultorias especializadas, da identificação
de indicadores estratégicos e de desempenho, bem como da
implementação de procedimentos estatísticos. Busca-se ainda
relacionar os posicionamentos e desempenhos identificados
entre os anos de 1999 e 2002 aos resultados obtidos no
estudo envolvendo o período imediatamente anterior ao
advento dos genéricos, isto é, ao período compreendido
entre os anos de 1995 e 1998, permitindo-se assim a
elaboração de uma análise longitudinal da indústria. Os
resultados obtidos sugerem um forte deslocamento no sentido
de adoção de custos como arma estratégica, bem como
demonstram uma perda de foco estratégico por parte dos
laboratórios voltados à diferenciação. Por fim, o estudo
também identifica indícios de queda na rentabilidade total
da indústria.The aim of this study is to analyze the launching of generic drugs and verify their impact on competitive strategies implemented by Brazilian pharmaceutical companies during the period of 1999 to 2002. This research is based on Michael Porter´s studies on strategic typologies, identifying the relevant strategies and the existing groups in this industrial sector. The study also relates the strategic positioning of the pharmaceutical companies to the achieved performance. The methodology adopted is based on the analysis of collected database from reports of specialized consulting companies, the survey of strategy and performance indicators, as well as the implementation of statistical procedures. Furthermore, the relation of positioning and performance identified in this study to the results obtained in a previous one involving the pharmaceutical industry during the period immediately before the generic drugs launching, that is, the period between the years 1995 and 1998, is also investigated, thus allowing a longitudinal analysis of the Brazilian pharmaceutical industry. The results suggest a movement to adoption of cost as strategy, as well as demonstrate a loss of strategic focus of the pharmaceutical companies that are oriented to differentiation. Finally, the study also identifies a reduction yield trend of the pharmaceutical industry.
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Arjang, Eslumuand Quch Tape Hanif, and Liban Ahmed Ismail. "Strategic Supply Chain Optimization for Generic Pharmaceuticals : Improving the triple bottom line by postponing product completion." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266248.
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Generic pharmaceutical supply chains are complex, interfacing humanitarian needs, industrial manufacturing, regulatory bodies and numerous other shareholders. This report gives a brief introduction to a current supply chain process within a company as well as a proposal to improve the supply chain financially, socially and environmentally. Data has been collected mainly through interviews and literature studies in order to conduct a case study. The project included an initial business case, calculations of necessary data in order to justify the work as well as to quantify the results. The main part of the proposal is to postpone the packing of medical products to a later stage as a way of improving the triple bottom line. Theoretically, this change results in lower ordering costs, lower volumes scrapped and thus lower scrapping costs and pollution, a decrease in order volumes further reducing costs and pollution and more. The study met the intended outcomes and would theoretically improve the company in line with the set targets. At the time of writing it is yet unclear whether it will lead to any action on behalf of the company.Försörjningskedjorna inom farmaceutisk generika är komplexa med många externa beröringspunkter såsom mänskligt behov, industriell produktion, regulatoriska organisationer och andra intressenter. Den här rapporten erbjuder en kort introduktion till den befintliga försörjningsprocessen i ett företag i branschen samt ett förslag till hur företaget kan förbättra sin försörjningskedja ur ett ekonomiskt, socialt och miljömässigt perspektiv. Information har inhämtats främst genom intervjuer och litteraturstudier som har utgjort grund för en fallstudie. Projektet inkluderade framtagning av ett beslutsunderlag, datakalkyler för att ge stöd åt syftet med arbetet samt för att kvantifiera resultaten. Huvuddelen av förslaget utgörs av senareläggningen av packningsstadiet för medicinska produkter och effekten det får på det som på engelska kallas triple bottom line. Implementeringen av projektet ska teoretiskt leda till bland annat förbättrade vinstmarginaler, lägre andel kassationer och därmed en minskning av kostnader och utsläpp hänförliga till kassationer, lägre ordervolymer vilket i sin tur leder till sänkta kostnader och utsläpp. Studien har gett ett positivt utfall relativt målsättningen och implementeringen ska teoretiskt leda till en förbättring av verksamheten i linje med de uppsatta målen. I skrivande stund är det oklart huruvida företaget kommer att implementera förslaget.
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Isse, Kátia Fernanda. "A indústria farmacêutica nacional e a importância dos medicamentos genéricos no seu desenvolvimento." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49941.
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A partir do início da década de 90 a indústria farmacêutica brasileira vem passando por grandes transformações, que originaram modificações na produção da indústria farmacêutica. O presente trabalho propõe-se apresentar a evolução da indústria farmacêutica brasileira apresentando as mudanças ocorridas no setor originadas, principalmente, pela lei de medicamentos genéricos. Antes da lei do medicamento genérico ser aprovada no Brasil o capital estrangeiro era dominante nas indústrias. O Brasil não detinha conhecimento dos primeiros estágios da produção, que eram todos realizados nos país de origem das empresas, deixando cada vez mais frágil as indústrias nacionais. A lei de medicamentos genéricos, que teve origem através das políticas publica de integração dos setores da saúde e da indústria farmacêutica, desempenhou um papel importante, proporcionando a ampliação da oferta de medicamentos, a redução do preço dos medicamentos através da concorrência no mercado. Mas, principalmente, a mudança no capital da indústria farmacêutica nacional. Com a implantação dos genéricos, a indústria passou a ter mais participação do capital nacional. Ao mesmo tempo em que ocorreu a ampliação do número de indústrias no país. Gerando uma base mais forte para o crescimento do setor, e possibilitando a criação de políticas para tentar reduzir a dependência de importações.From the beginning of the 90s the Brazilian pharmaceutical industry is undergoing major changes, which cause changes in the production of the pharmaceutical industry. This paper intends to present the evolution of the Brazilian pharmaceutical industry and presents the changes in the industry originated mainly by the law of generic drugs. Before the law of the generic drug be approved foreign capital in Brazil was dominant in the industry. Brazil had no knowledge of the early stages of production, which was conducted throughout the country of origin of companies, leaving increasingly fragile domestic industries. The law of generic drugs, which originated through the policies of integration of public health sectors and the pharmaceutical industry, played an important role in providing the increased supply of drugs, reducing drug prices through market competition. But mostly, the change in the capital of the domestic pharmaceutical industry. With the implementation of generics, the industry began to have more participation of the national capital. At the same time it was increasing the number of industries in the country. Building a stronger foundation for growth in the sector and enabling the creation of policies to try to reduce dependence on imports.
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Goktan, Ayse Banu. "The role of strategy in the innovation process: A stage approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4877/.
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Organizational innovation has been of central interest in recent years because of its importance for organizational survival and competitive advantage. Researchers in the field have divided the innovation process into stages in an attempt to understand the innovation process and the factors that affect it. However, empirical studies that examine the relationship between the stages are scarce. In addition, although business strategy is emphasized as an important factor in the innovation process, little is known about its role in the innovation process and its effect on the stages. This research provides empirical support for the relationship between the stages of the innovation process and the moderating effect of organizational strategy on the relationship between the stages within the two stage model of innovation. In this study, a direct, positive relationship is proposed between the innovation generation (first stage) and innovation outcome (second stage) stages of the innovation process. Dimensions of innovation outcome that are examined include innovation type (product innovation and process innovation), innovation radicalness and innovation frequency. Low cost, differentiation and market orientation strategies are proposed to be moderators on the relationship between the stages. To test the proposed relationships, a survey was mailed to executives who are involved in the innovation process in organizations where innovation is expected to be common and they were asked to complete the questionnaire. Hierarchical regression was the primary data analysis method and General Linear Model was applied as the pot-hoc data analysis method. Results of the primary data analyses provided support for the direct, positive relationship between the innovation generation and innovation outcome stages of the innovation process. Specifically, there was a direct, positive relationship between innovation generation and product innovation, process innovation, innovation frequency and innovation radicalness. Result of the primary data analysis provided support for the moderating effect of strategy (market orientation and differentiation) on the relationship between innovation generation and only innovation frequency dimension of innovation outcome. Post-hoc analysis suggested a significant moderating effect of strategy (market orientation and differentiation) on the relationship between innovation generation and innovation radicalness dimension of innovation outcome. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.
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Lapersonne, Alexandre. "The hybrid competitive strategy framework : a managerial theory for combining differentiation and low-cost strategic approaches based on a case study of a European textile manufacturer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-hybrid-competitive-strategy-framework--a-managerial-theory-for-combining-differentiation-and-lowcost-strategic-approaches-based-on-a-case-study-of-a-european-textile-manufacturer(a7cf3776-4d73-4fc2-9b7b-6b939cd57765).html.
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The fact that we have entered turbulent times has been a central theme in the recent strategy literature. Turbulent environments are commonly described by increased competitive intensity, disruptive changes in the industry structure, volatility of demand, and unpredictability of customer behaviour, alongside instability of economic, social and political factors. In such a context, the adoption of traditional approaches to strategy, which assumes a relatively stable world, have been questioned by new approaches. Mixed strategy, which emerged as a contingency option to Porter's generic strategies model, defends that in a turbulent environment the simultaneous pursuit of the low-cost and differentiation approaches is fundamental for the short-term performance and long-term survival of the firm. A vast corpus of literature supports the benefits of adopting a mixed approach strategy: several empirical studies have proved that a combination of low-cost and differentiation strategic elements establishes a firm's performance superiority over the pure strategy choice. The mixed literature has concentrated on the performance linkage and on the debate countering the pure strategy approach, however very little attention has been paid to the challenges presented by the mixed strategy implementation. In fact, despite the rich empirical literature, it is still not clear how firms that adopt a mixed strategy may successfully integrate the inherent contradiction of the low-cost and differentiation approaches. The aim of this study is to investigate how a firm has been implementing the mixed strategy approach, unveiling its managerial characteristics and to generate a proposed managerial framework that could serve as a guide for further implementation. This study approaches the subject of mixed strategy implementation on three levels: environment, strategy definition and making process, and value chain activity. After having elucidated several ambiguities related to the concept of mixed strategy present in the literature and having proposed a normalized definition, this study investigates through a unique case study approach, an in-depth explorative process using causal process methods the managerial implication of the mixed strategy. Several characteristics are revealed from the unique case study and represent a major contribution to the field of strategy management. Furthermore, a managerial framework is proposed which could serve as support in the implementation of a mixed strategy.
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Bacurau, Francisco Braulio da Fonseca. "Estrat?gias competitivas gen?ricas nas empresas comerciais varejistas de shopping centers: um estudo a partir do modelo de Porter." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12190.
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Previous issue date: 2006-07-21Os shoppingcenters s?o grandes institui??es repletas de empresas quecompetem entre si formas de como melhor satisfazer as necessidade dosclientes. Sendo assim, cada empresa utiliza-se de estrat?gias com o intuito deatingir a maior parcela de compradores poss?veis sem comprometer suaexist?ncia e sua vantagem competitiva. Este estudo est? baseado na teoria dasestrat?gias competitivas gen?ricas de Porter (1980; 1985) o qual estabeleceem seu modelo que todas as empresas existentes no mercado possuam pelomenos uma das tr?s abordagens estrat?gicas (diferencia??o, lideran?a emcusto e enfoque). Desta forma, este trabalho identifica de que maneira est?distribu?da as estrat?gia competitiva nas empresas de shoppingcenters deNatal/RN. Primeiramente buscou-se levantar a rela??o das estrat?gias destasempresas com a teoria proposta por Porter (1985) e sua aloca??o de acordocom os agrupamentos resultantes da combina??o das estrat?gias. Nestemomento, foram aplicados question?rios com 89 gerentes de lojas de shoppingcenters que resultou ap?s an?lises estat?sticas em cinco agrupamentos comabordagens v?lidas. Em seguida foram selecionadas as empresas quepossu?am maior afinidade com cada agrupamento e que melhor representavamos resultados dispostos em cinco clustersacerca da teoria proposta e nestaamostragem foi aplicada entrevista com os gerentes. Os resultados obtidos com as entrevistas validaram a an?lise dos dados encontrados nosquestion?rios anteriormente aplicados estando em conformidade com aproposta teoria. Identificou-se tamb?m duas modalidades de empresas queutilizavam simultaneamente mais de uma estrat?gia competitiva (meio-termo),sendo uma dentro e outra fora do modelo proposto pelo autor. Embora omodelo das estrat?gias competitivas gen?ricas tenha sido institu?do comaspectos voltados as organiza??es industriais, os resultados obtidos nestetrabalho validaram a aplica??o desta teoria em empresas comercias deshopping centers que vem se adequando para obter resultados financeirosmais satisfat?rios e melhor posicionamento em rela??o ? concorr?ncia
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Letts, Ryan. "Federal Contracting Strategies for Service-Disabled, Veteran-Owned Businesses." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5367.
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Access to federal contracts is often a challenge for service-disabled, veteran-owned business (SDVOB) leaders because of business size and competition in the environment. The purpose of this qualitative, multiple case study was to explore the strategies that 5 SDVOB leaders from 5 different businesses in the Northeastern United States used to win federal contracts. Porter's generic strategies for competitive advantage was the conceptual framework for the study. Five company leaders who won $1 million or more in federal contracts were contacted from the Vendor Information Pages database of the Department of Veterans Affairs to participate in the study. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and archival documents. Data analysis consisted of compiling the data, coding for emergent and a priori codes, disassembling the data into common codes, reassembling the data into themes, interpreting the meaning, and reporting the themes (strategies). Eight themes regarding winning federal contracts emerged. The eight themes were process improvement/optimization, understanding requirements, preventing trial and error, personalizing services, understanding the client, access to external capital/resources, understanding the procurement process, and forward-planning. SDVOB leaders may use the results of this study to secure larger contracts in less time by adopting successful strategies that have won federal contracts. Positive social change implications include the potential for further empowerment, success, and profitability of SDVOBs, as well as other minority-owned firms. Further success of SDVOBs may provide long-term employment and increased tax revenue for communities.
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Almeida, Marcio Vieira de. "A distribuição física como recurso estratégico na obtenção de vantagem competitiva no segmento de bens de consumo de massa no brasil." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2012. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/593.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-07The main objective of this dissertation is to understand which elements inherent to physical distribution can lead manufacturers of fast consumer goods, specifically in the segment related to cleaning products, gain competitive advantage. The survey was conducted considering the perceptions of manufacturers and retailers about the physical distribution services. As a theoretical foundation it was used the resource-based view (RBV) including concepts of value, competitive advantage and competitive strategies, as well, the concepts of physical distribution and logistics. The exploratory research type and a descriptive qualitative methodology were used. Through a semi-structured script, eight executives, being three from the retail sector and five from industry manufacturers, were interviewed. The data was treated and analyzed considering the content analysis technician. It was noted that there are evidences that the combination of tangible and intangible resources are elements that can generate competitive advantage for manufacturers. It was noted the high importance given by the retailers on the stock availability and service level compliance by manufacturers. From the manufacturer s perspective, the establishment of "go to market" strategy in order to meet the retailers needs, as well, the cost management with the aim of generating economic value higher than the competitors are the basis of their perception about how the competitive advantage can be created. In light of the RBV, the conjunction of resources like warehouse and transportation networks, systems and personnel can create value for the retailers, but can not be considered strategic since they are imitable and not rare. In the other hand, culture of services and intellectual capital resources has characteristics of strategic resources. When the physical distribution services are related to the three biggest retailers of the market, it was noted that the manufactures have been using strategies of differentiation and cost leadership to gain competitive advantage. From the practical standpoint, it was noted that the manufacturers still have difficulty make use of strategic partners more effectively to improve services for physical distribution. Finally, retailers believe that the value is still in to delivery the basics in terms of physical distribution services and, in this way, there is still a long way to be covered by the manufacturers.
Essa dissertação tem como objetivo entender quais os recursos inerentes a distribuição física podem levar os fabricantes de produtos de consumo de massa, especificamente no segmento de produtos de limpeza e afins, a obterem vantagem competitiva. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir das percepções de fabricantes e varejistas sobre esses serviços. Como fundamentação teórica utilizou-se a visão baseada em recursos (VBR), incluídos os conceitos de valor, vantagem competitiva e estratégias competitivas, bem como os conceitos de distribuição física e logística. A pesquisa foi do tipo exploratória descritiva e utilizou a metodologia qualitativa. Foram entrevistados oito executivos, sendo três do setor de varejo e cinco do setor de fabricantes, por meio de roteiro semi-estruturado com perguntas abertas. Os dados foram tratados e analisados com base nas técnicas da Análise de Conteúdo. Observaram-se indícios de que a conjunção de recursos tangíveis e intangíveis constituintes dos serviços de distribuição física são elementos que podem gerar vantagem competitiva para os fabricantes. Constatou-se ainda a grande importância dada pelos varejistas na questão de disponibilidade de estoques e o cumprimento do nível de serviço por parte dos fabricantes. No que concerne aos fabricantes, o estabelecimento de uma estratégia go to market que vise atender às necessidades dos varejistas em termos de distribuição, bem como, a gestão de custos com objetivo de gerar valor econômico superior aos dos concorrentes, constituem-se a base da sua percepção de como se gerar vantagem competitiva para si mesmos. A conjunção de recursos como redes de armazéns, redes de transportes, sistemas e pessoal podem criar valor para os varejistas, porém não podem ser considerados estratégicos na medida em que são imitáveis e não raros. Por outro lado, a cultura de serviços e o capital intelectual possuem características de recursos estratégicos. Quando se trata dos serviços de distribuição física para os três grandes varejistas do mercado, observou-se que fabricantes se utilizam de estratégias de diferenciação e liderança de custos para obterem vantagem competitiva. Do ponto de vista prático, observou-se que os fabricantes ainda têm dificuldade de utilizar-se de parceiros estratégicos com maior efetividade para melhoria dos serviços de distribuição física. Por fim, os varejistas entendem que o valor ainda esta na entrega dos serviços básicos de distribuição e, neste sentido, ainda há um grande caminho a ser percorrido pelos fabricantes.
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Guner, Dunya Rauf Levent. "Modeling Of A Generic Laser Guided Weapon With Velocity Pursuit Guidance And Its Performance Analysis Using Various Control Strategies." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605386/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, a base for the modeling and analysis of laser guided weapons is constituted. In particular, the effects of several control schemes on the performance of a generic laser guided weapon system are investigated. In this generic model, it is assumed that the velocity pursuit guidance is employed via a velocity aligning seeker as the sole sensor.
The laser seeker is modeled experimentally, based on data obtained by conducting a series of tests. The laser reflection is also modeled. Aerodynamic coefficients of the generic geometry are generated by the software Missile Datcom. A nonlinear, six degree of freedom simulation is constructed incorporating 10 Hz laser sensing, velocity pursuit guidance, seeker model, and multiple control schemes.
The effects of bang-bang, bang-trail-bang, multiposition and continuous control techniques on weapon performance are investigated for stationary and moving targets under ideal and noisy conditions. Flight characteristics like miss distance, range envelope, impact speed, and time of flight are monitored. Weapon’
s maneuverability is investigated and the effect of employing a theoretical down sensor on the performance is demonstrated. In the light of simulation results, comparisons between various schemes are carried out, improvements on them and their flight envelopes are emphasized. It is concluded that the multiposition scheme provides a significant performance increase in most delivery types and can be an alternative to the continuous scheme. It is shown that the continuous scheme can achieve longer ranges only if backed up by a down sensor.
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De, Beer A. J. "The development of a generic model for strategic planning for small and medium manufacturing enterprises in a turbulent environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51957.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Continuous change has become one of the major characteristics of the South African manufacturing environment. Such an unstable dynamic environment, where continuous change is a normal occurrence, necessitates an appropriate response in order to regain or sustain competitive advantage. The environment is changing so fast that most small and medium manufacturing enterprises barely have the ability to survive the day-to-day challenges, without even seeing or thinking about the real challenges of surviving in the future, and more importantly, not only surviving, but actually prospering through these new challenges. The conventional approaches of strategic management do not satisfy the fast decision making requirements of today's organisations. The development of the different schools of strategic planning clearly shows how the strategic management process has developed with the changing times. One of the enduring problems facing the field of strategic management is the lack of theoretical tools available to describe and predict the behaviour of firms and industries. The fundamental problem is that industries evolve in a dynamic way over time as a result of complex interactions among firms, government, labour, financial institutions and other elements of the environment. These interactions are strategic in the sense that decisions by one party take into account anticipated reactions by others, and thus reflect recognition of interdependence. Existing models tend to assume relatively simple linear relationships without feedback. Chaos theory, which is the study of non-linear dynamic systems, promises to be a useful conceptual framework that reconciles the essential unpredictability of industries with the emergence of distinctive patterns. To understand the relevance of chaos theory to strategy, industries need to be conceptualised as complex, dynamic, non-linear systems. A basic strategic planning model was developed, incorporating some aspects of chaos theory, containing the following basic elements: vision, environmental scanning, strategic objectives, measurements, strategies and performance evaluation. The final aspects covered are some aspects of strategy implementation, concluding with some final notes confirming that one of the main reasons for strategic assessment of the organisation's situation is to exploit possible advantages from external, discontinuous changes and so gain first mover advantages by surprising the 'enemy'. To cope with chaos, a quickly responsive, organic corporation needs to be crafted.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Een van die hoofkenmerke van die huidige Suid-Afrikaanse vervaardigingsomgewing is voortdurende verandering. Ten einde 'n mededingende voordeel in hierdie veranderende, dinamiese milieu te verkry en te behou, verg besondere vaardighede en innoverende tegnieke. Die meeste klein- en mediumgroot-ondernemings bevind hulself midde-in hierdie vinnig veranderende omgewing, waar hulle nie net daagliks moet oorleef nie, maar ook die uitdaging van langtermyn oorlewing die hoof moet bied. Ongelukkig vorm langtermynoorlewing en groei dikwels nie deel van meeste ondernemings se beplanning nie. Konvensionele benaderings tot strategiese beplanning kan nie meer die moderne onderneming se behoefte aan vinnige besluitneming bevredig nie. Die ontwikkeling van die verskillende denkskole oor strategiese beplanning toon ook 'n duidelike beweging in die rigting van sneller verandering in strategiese bestuur. Een van die probleme ten opsigte van strategiese bestuur, is die gebrek aan teoretiese modelle om die gedrag van ondernemings te beskryf en te voorspel. Die onderliggende probleem is egter dat ondernemings oor 'n lang tydperk groei en ontwikkel as deel van 'n komplekse interaksie met ander ondernemings, asook met die regering, arbeid, kapitaal en ander elemente binne die bedryf. Sodanige interaksie is van strategiese belang, aangesien 'n spesifieke rolspeler telkens antisipeer watter impak elke besluit wat geneem word, op die res van die omgewing gaan hê. Bestaande teoretiese modelle impliseer relatief eenvoudige, lineêre verwantskappe wat geen terugvoer bied nie. Daarteenoor skep die sogenaamde chaosteorie, dit wil sê die studie van dinamiese, nie-lineêre stelsels, 'n konseptuele raamwerk met bepaalde patrone waarmee die onvoorspelbaarheid van ondernemings verklaar en beskryf kan word. Die relevansie van die chaosteorie vir strategiese beplanning en bestuur kan egter slegs begryp word indien ondernemings as komplekse, dinamiese, nie-lineêre stelsels beskou word. In hierdie studie is 'n basiese strategiese beplanningsmodel ontwikkel. Belangrike aspekte wat gedek is, is einddoel, omgewingstudie, strategiese doelwitte, meting, strategieë en prestasie-evaluering. Daar word ook kortliks gekyk na moontlike probleme om dié model te implementeer, met verwysings na die impak van chaosteorie op die tradisionele beplannings- en implementerings-modelle. Ter afsluiting word daar klem gelê op die geleenthede wat deur die snelveranderende omgewing geskep word, en die noodsaaklikheid daarvan dat 'n onderneming gereed moet wees om binne hierdie omgewing vinnig en effektief op te tree. Die kern van enige onderneming se sukses lê in sy vermoë om verandering raak te sien, geleenthede te identifiseer en onmiddellik daarop te reageer.
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Hrab, Dmytro, and Oxana Yamkina. "Improving the Competitive Position in a Growing High Tech Industry : - Differentiation and Cost Leadership Strategies in Solar Photovoltaics -." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70797.
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Background: The purpose of this master thesis was to investigate what generic strategies are utilized by big players in the solar photovoltaic industry to improve their competitive positions. The continuous expansion of the solar market indicated the significance of this research, since the correctly chosen strategy has a direct influence on the success and prosperity of the growing and developing high tech companies.Aim: The first aim of the study was to examine the applicability of Michael Porter‟s theory of generic strategies to the high tech industry, to be more precise the solar photovoltaic industry. The second aim of the study was to explore the cases, if any, when the simultaneous pursuit of more than one generic strategy was possible. The last but not the least aim was to deeply investigate the potential of the differentiation strategy and the effect it has on the companies.Definitions: The continuous utilization of the following concepts is present in the research: Generic strategies – the three different strategic approaches – cost leadership, differentiation, and focus – the companies can undertake to build a strong competitive advantage and outperform their competitors Differentiation – a case when a firm‟s offering is preferred, on some buying occasions (or by some customers all of the time) over rival firm‟s offerings Solar energy – alternative solutions of receiving energy directly from the sun – using solar modules which convert sunrays into electricityMethodology: Qualitative research methodology was used in this study. The in depth analyses of three case companies were done mainly by means of collecting the secondary data. In addition to that two out of three companies were contacted in order to conduct personal interviews via phone and email. Their answers were used as a supportive tool for the developed propositions.Results: The collected and analyzed secondary data together with the outcomes of the interviews revealed the flaws and limitations of Porter‟s theory. The simultaneous pursuit of two strategies was proven not only to be taking place, furthermore, to be leading to prosperity in some situations. The new model was developed which showed that the pursuit of two strategies is more of a necessity under certain circumstances. A thorough examination of the differentiation concept resulted in discovering the ways and methods which could be used by companies to strengthen their market positions.
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Harris, Raymond Trevor. "Replacement of seven 132/66 kv distance protection schemes by means of a generic relay implemented as a strategic spare." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/34.
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Eskom is experiencing problems in the field of protection maintenance and in-service breakdowns which negatively influence the quality of electrical supply to the consumer, an integral component of the utility business. These facts initiated the research into the further development of a generic relay to be implemented as a strategic spare for the replacement of several schemes operating within Eskom’s southern region. These include the electromechanical, solid state and numerical distance protection relay and scheme failures on the 132 / 66 kV feeder network. Hence, the primary objective of the research is to develop, test and configure the strategic spare in terms of software and peripheral hardware for the input and output terminal connections, generic equations and settings for the purpose of the scheme replacements. The various schemes are assessed for stepped distance and permissive intertripping for three or single pole operation. This is done in conjunction with the internal and external circuit diagrams in order to understand the detailed operation of the scheme and to ensure the effective implementation of the strategic spare. The generic relay is configured for the emergency replacement of the various schemes during in-service breakdowns. This constitutes a temporary installation and therefore the downtime in essence, of all the distance protection schemes that require replacement, is limited to a minimum. This dissertation therefore explores the implementation of the strategic spare.
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Von, Gehren August Levin. "Entry strategies into biosimilars: assessment of entry modes into the field of biosimilars from the perspective of pharmaceuticals, generics and biologics companies." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10932.
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Today’s pharmaceutical industry is in transition. As major blockbuster drugs are losing or are about to lose patent protection, and big pharmaceutical companies are not replacing those products with new innovative chemical drugs, the industry looks for new fields of growth. One of these fields is the market for biosimilars which is being entered by pharmaceuticals, generics, and biologics companies. Even though the major market potential will awake around 2020, when important biological blockbusters lose patent protection, companies need to decide early whether they want to participate or not due to high technical entry barriers as well as long development timelines. As all companies come from different backgrounds, comprise different capabilities and have different entry incentives, the question arises whether these facts are related to their correspondent entry strategies. The thesis uses case studies from each segment of the pharmaceutical industry – pharmaceuticals, biologics, and generics – and examines through semi-structured interviews why the interviewed case study participants have explicitly chosen their entry strategy. The interview data will then be linked to strategic frameworks from the literature review and will be used for a comprehensive comparison and analysis. The study revealed that the background of the market entrant does influence its entry strategy. The main points of influence derive from both the entry barriers as well as the entry incentives. The thesis does not determine the possible future success of the analyzed entry mode within the new market.
Indústria farmacêutica de hoje está em transição. Como grandes blockbuster drogas estão perdendo ou estão prestes a perder a proteção de patente, e as grandes empresas farmacêuticas não estão substituindo os produtos com novas drogas químicas inovadoras, a indústria busca novas áreas de crescimento. Uma dessas áreas é o mercado de biossimilares, que está sendo inseridos por produtos farmacêuticos, genéricos e empresas de produtos biológicos. Mesmo que o grande potencial de mercado será acordado por volta de 2020, quando importantes blockbusters biológicos perder a proteção de patente, as empresas precisam decidir logo se querem participar ou não devido a elevadas barreiras à entrada técnicos, bem como de desenvolvimento de longo prazos. Como todas as empresas vêm de diferentes origens, compreendem capacidades diferentes e têm diferentes incentivos de entrada, a questão que surge é se esses fatos estão relacionados com as suas estratégias de entrada correspondentes. A tese utiliza estudos de caso de cada segmento da indústria farmacêutica - produtos farmacêuticos, biológicos e genéricos - e examina através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, por isso que os participantes do estudo de caso entrevistados explicitamente escolhido sua estratégia de entrada. Os dados de entrevistas será então ligada a quadros estratégicos da revisão da literatura e irá ser utilizado para uma comparação global e análise. O estudo revelou que o fundo do participante do mercado que influenciam a sua estratégia de entrada. Os principais pontos de influência derivam tanto as barreiras à entrada, bem como os incentivos de entrada. A tese não é possível determinar o sucesso futuro do modo de entrada analisados no novo mercado.
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Ericsson, Jesper, Henrik Frick, and Olov Nordgren. "Road Cabotage in the Swedish haulage industry : A survey on three haulage companies." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-831.
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Bachelor thesis in Logistics Management, School of Management and Economics, Växjö University, EKL 361, Spring 2006-05-24
Authors: Jesper Ericsson, Olov Nordgren, Henrik Frick
Tutor: Åsa Gustafsson/ Helena Forslund
Examiner: Helena Forslund
Title: Road cabotage in the Swedish haulage industry
Author supplied keywords: Transportation, European Union, Haulage Company, Road Cabotage, Five Forces Model and Generic Strategies.
Background: In 1998 the European Union introduced the concept of free road cabotage. The concept implies that haulers from different Member States are allowed to perform domestic transportation in another Member State as long as it is conducted on a temporary basis. The introduction of cabotage has given rise to new competitive conditions on domestic markets within the European Union. Not all haulage companies within the European Union have the same competitive prerequisites. Swedish haulers have a high cost structure in comparison with foreign haulers and therefore it is interesting to see how they are affected by cabotage.
Research Questions:
o How do Swedish haulers perceive cabotage in their industry and how do they manage it today?
o Which improvements can be achieved strategically to sustain and/or improve Swedish haulers’ competitive situation towards foreign haulers?
Purpose: The objective of this bachelor thesis is to investigate how Swedish haulers’ are affected by competition concerning road cabotage. Depending on how they are affected by road cabotage we also intend to present strategic improvements that can sustain and/or improve their competitive ability.
Methodology: Survey on three haulage companies
Theoretical Framework: For our first research question we have chosen to present the concept of cabotage to enlighten readers. To be able to understand what characterises the Swedish haulage industry we have chosen Porter’s Five Forces Model as a foundation. The results from the Five Forces Model are used as inputs to the theories concerning Porter’s generic strategy.
Conclusions: Through this bachelor thesis we have concluded that Swedish haulers are in different ways affected by road cabotage. Depending on their type of business, they are more or less affected by cabotage. Through differentiation Swedish haulers can sustain and improve their competitive situation. The differentiation should be focused on issues regarding markets, customers, and specific service characteristics that are difficult for foreign competitors to imitate.
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Candy, Ryan David. "Resources, Strategy and Performancein the Smaller Firm." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Management, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3522.
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This study investigates the relationship between firm resources, positioning strategies and performance in the smaller firm. Porter’s generic strategies have been useful in describing how firms compete in the marketplace, and the resource based view has shown that resources can lead to a sustained competitive advantage. The strategic management field has begun to combine the two theories and examine the link between them. Small firms must make the best use of their relatively scarce resources. It is proposed that the relationship between resources and performance is contingent upon the positioning strategy the firm competes on, although there has only been limited supporting research to date. This research builds on work by Edelman et al. (2005) by examining the relationship between human, organisational and physical resources, and the strategies of quality/ customer service, innovation, and cost leadership in 447 retail, engineering, and professional service firms in New Zealand.
Using Structural Equations Modelling this research finds that positioning strategies are the mechanism by which firms can leverage their resources into higher performance. This relationship can be modelled as mediated or moderated, with statistical analysis sensitive to model complexity. The firm’s environment influences this relationship with different resources required to support each position depending on the industry. Specifically human, organisational, and physical resources appear to be viable sources of competitive advantage when they are leveraged by a strategy of quality/ customer service, innovation or cost leadership when the industry environment is conducive to the resource – strategy combination.
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Michail, Antonios. "An investigation of the relationship between value chain activities and generic strategies in small and medium-sized enterprises in UK manufacturing." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2011. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/3873/.
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In this study an in depth investigation of successful competitive strategies for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is undertaken. The overall aim of this study is to analyse the strategic orientation of UK Manufacturing SMEs. In the process, it will test Porter’s (1980, 1985) theoretical framework of generic strategies and thus evaluate firms’ preferred strategic synthesis. It will, therefore, test the efficacy of the value chain and develop any specific pattern that relates to a combination strategy. The investigation of the above objectives is undertaken utilising a mixed research methodology with the purpose of examining the applicability of existing competitive strategy frameworks (phase 1) and testing a new theoretical framework that incorporates additional dimensions of strategy (phase 2). During phase 1, Porter’s framework is employed to investigate SMEs’ strategic orientation as a means to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. A semi-structured questionnaire is employed and the analysis is carried out by means of factor and cluster analysis to identify strategic variables currently employed by SMEs. During phase 2, the theoretical framework is operationalised to bridge the gap within the literature and existing empirical research. Its purpose is to identify forms of successful competitive strategies of UK MSMEs as they are formulated and implemented in firms’ value chain activities. The data was collected through a number of semi-structured interviews and the analysis was based on data categorisation. The findings indicate that Porter’s (1980) single generic strategies are not the best option for UK MSMEs for gaining competitive advantage and that the
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Michail, Antonios [Verfasser]. "An investigation of the relationship between value chain activities and generic strategies in small and medium-sized enterprises in UK Manufacturing / Antonios Michail." München : GRIN Verlag, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1182463118/34.
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Vicenzi, Marcos Aurelio. "O desempenho de empresas da indústria metal mecânica sob a ótica das estratégias genéricas de porter." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2018. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7494.
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O desempenho é uma preocupação constante nas empresas, necessitando seus gestores estarem sempre alinhados com as melhores práticas estratégicas para manterem-se no topo da vantagem competitiva. O presente trabalho analisou a relação do posicionamento estratégico das empresas inseridas na indústria metal mecânica de Santa Catarina sobre seu desempenho dentro da abordagem das estratégias genéricas de Porter. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa em micro, pequenas e médias empresas por meio de uma survey em 153 empresas catarinenses, exclusivamente da indústria metal mecânica. O resultado encontrado demonstra que empresas que se posicionam por diferenciação tendem a alcançar melhor desempenho financeiro, estratégico e de satisfação. O porte e experiência foram utilizadas como variáveis de controle para analisar sua influência no desempenho. Empresas com faturamento maior tendem a ter melhores ganhos financeiros e estão mais satisfeitas com os resultados. A experiência não influenciou o desempenho.
The performance is a constant concern in companies, requiring their managers to be always updated with the best strategic practices to keep on top of the competitive advantage. Furthermore, the present work analyzed the relationship of the strategic positioning of the companies inserted in the metal-mechanical industry of Santa Catarina on its performance within the approach of Porter’s generic strategies. Regarding the methodology, a descriptive research was carried out, with a quantitative approach in micro, small and medium companies, through a survey of 153 companies in Santa Catarina, specifically from the metal-mechanical industry. Regarding the results, the research shows that companies that position themselves by differentiation tend to achieve better financial, strategic and satisfaction performance. Additionally, size and experience were used as control variables to analyze their influence on performance. Thus, companies with higher turnovers mind to have better financial gains and are more satisfied with their results. Finally, experience has not influenced performance.
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Furusten, Ernst, and Karl Sundberg. ""Tittar du fortfarande?" : En studie om strategisk anpassning för svenska traditionella tv-bolag mot bakgrund av SVOD-tjänsternas inträde på den svenska tv-marknaden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415928.
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Den teknologiska utvecklingen öppnar möjligheter att utnyttja teknologi för att skapa konkurrensfördelar. Traditionella aktörer ställs inför utmaningar vid anpassning mot ny teknologi. Den här studiens syfte var att undersöka hur teknologisk utveckling har påverkat traditionella aktörers marknadsstrategier. Det har gjorts genom att studera traditionella svenska tv-bolags strategiska anpassning mot SVOD-tjänsternas ökade inflytande på den svenska tv-marknaden. Genom en kvalitativ metod bestående av fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre stora svenska tv-bolag samt sekundärdatainsamling har empiriskt underlag samlats in och analyserats utifrån en teoretisk analysmodell bestående av Porters generiska strategier samt Kim et al.:s integrerade strategi. Resultatet indikerar att samtliga studerade tv-bolag implementerar integrerade strategier i olika konstellationer, samt att kostnadsledarskap är av ökande betydelse. Vidare används data i högre utsträckning i tv-bolagens marknadsstrategier.Technological advances opens up opportunities for companies to utilize new technology to create competitive advantages. Traditional companies faces challenges when adapting to new technologies. This study aimed to explore how technological advances has affected traditional companies’ competitive strategies. This has been examined within the scope of the Swedish television market by analyzing how traditional Swedish television companies has adapted their competitive strategies to the market entry of SVOD services. The data was collected through a qualitative method including four semi-structured interviews with three major Swedish television companies and through secondary data collection. The data has been analyzed through an analysis model composed of Porter’s generic strategies and Kim et al.’s integrated strategy. The findings indicate that all studied companies implement integrated strategies in different constellations, and that implementation of overall cost leadership is of increasing importance. The findings also shows that big data is increasingly used in the examined companies’ competitive strategies.
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Aziz, Norashid. "Dynamic optimisation and control of batch reactors : development of a general model for batch reactors, dynamic optimisation of batch reactors under a variety of objectives and constraints and on-line tracking of optimal policies using different types of advanced control strategies." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4402.
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Batch reactor is an essential unit operation in almost all batch-processing industries. Different types of reaction schemes (such as series, parallel and complex) and different order of model complexity (short-cut, detailed, etc. ) result in different sets of model equations and computer coding of all possible sets of model equations is cumbersome and time consuming. In this work, therefore, a general computer program (GBRM - General Batch Reactor Model) is developed to generate all possible sets of equations automatically and as required. GBRM is tested for different types of reaction schemes and for different order of model complexity and its flexibility is demonstrated. The above GBRM computer program is lodged with Dr. I. M. Mujtaba. One of the challenges in batch reactors is to ensure desired performance of individual batch reactor operations. Depending on the requirement and the objective of the process, optimisation in batch reactors leads to different types of optimisation problems such as maximum conversion, minimum time and maximum profit problem. The reactor temperature, jacket temperature and jacket flow rate are the main control variables governing the process and these are optimised to ensure maximum benefit. In this work, an extensive study on mainly conventional batch reactor optimisation is carried out using GBRM coupled with efficient DAEs (Differential and Algebraic Equations) solver, CVP (Control Vector Parameterisation) technique and SQP (Successive Quadratic Programming) based optimisation technique. The safety, environment and product quality issues are embedded in the optimisation problem formulations in terms of constraints. A new approach for solving optimisation problem with safety constraint is introduced. All types of optimisation problems mentioned above are solved off-line, which results to optimal operating policies. The off-line optimal operating policies obtained above are then implemented as set points to be tracked on-line and various types of advanced controllers are designed for this purpose. Both constant and dynamic set points tracking are considered in designing the controllers. Here, neural networks are used in designing Direct Inverse and Inverse-Model-Based Control (IMBC) strategies. In addition, the Generic Model Control (GMC) coupled with on-line neural network heat release estimator (GMC-NN) is also designed to track the optimal set points. For comparison purpose, conventional Dual Mode (DM) strategy with PI and PID controllers is also designed. Robustness tests for all types of controllers are carried out to find the best controller. The results demonstrate the robustness of GMC-NN controller and promise neural controllers as potential robust controllers for future. Finally, an integrated framework (BATCH REACT) for modelling, simulation, optimisation and control of batch reactors is proposed.
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Alsadaie, Salih M. M. "Design and Operation of Multistage Flash (MSF) Desalination: Advanced Control Strategies and Impact of Fouling. Design operation and control of multistage flash desalination processes: dynamic modelling of fouling, effect of non-condensable gases on venting system design and implementation of GMC and fuzzy control." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15924.
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The rapid increase in the demand on fresh water due the increase in the world population and scarcity of natural water puts more stress on the desalination industrial sector to install more desalination plants around the world. Among these desalination plants, multistage flash desalination process (MSF) is considered to be the most reliable technique of producing potable water from saline water. In recent years, however, the MSF process is confronting many problems to cut off the cost and increase its performance. Among these problems are the non-condensable gases (NCGs) and the accumulation of fouling which they work as heat insulation materials. As a result, the MSF pumps and the heat transfer equipment are overdesigned and consequently increase the capital cost and decrease the performance of the plants. Moreover, improved process control is a cost effective approach to energy conservation and increased process profitability. Thus, this study is motivated by the real absence of detailed kinetic fouling model and implementation of advance process control (APC). To accomplish the above tasks, commercial modelling tools can be utilized to model and simulate MSF process taking into account the NCGs and fouling effect, and optimum control strategy. In this research, gPROMS (general PROcess Modeling System) model builder has been used to develop the MSF process model. First, a dynamic mathematical model of MSF is developed based on the basic laws of mass balance, energy balance and heat transfer. Physical and thermodynamic properties of brine, distillate and water vapour are included to support the model. The model simulation results are validated against actual plant data published in the literature and good agreement with these data is obtained. Second, the design of venting system in MSF plant and the effect of NCGs on the overall heat transfer coefficient (OHTC) are studied. The release rate of NCGs is studied using Henry’s law and the locations of venting points are optimised. The results reveal that high concentration of NCGs heavily affects the OHTC. Furthermore, advance control strategy namely: generic model control (GMC) is designed and introduced to the MSF process to control and track the set points of the two most important variables in the MSF plant; namely the Top Brine Temperature (TBT) which is the output temperature of the brine heater and the Brine Level (BL) in the last stage. The results are compared to conventional Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID) and show that GMC controller provides better performance over conventional PID controller to handle a nonlinear system. In addition, a new control strategy called hybrid Fuzzy-GMC is developed and implemented to control the same aforementioned loops. Its results reveal that the new control outperforms the pure GMC in some areas. Finally, a dynamic fouling model is developed and incorporated into the MSF dynamic process model to predict fouling at high temperature and high velocity. The proposed dynamic model considers the attachment and removal mechanisms of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide with more relaxation of the assumptions. Since the MSF plant stages work as a series of heat exchangers, there is a continuous change of temperature, heat flux and salinity of the seawater. The proposed model predicts the behaviour of fouling based on the physical and thermal conditions of every single stage of the plant.
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Wheeler, Ramona Dee. "Blogging in Defense of Themselves: Social Media Implications for Rhetorical Criticism and the Genre of Apologia." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3940.
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The advent of social media has provided an arena where barriers to entry are low. Individuals may persuade, question others and defend both their philosophies and their actions. This study examines the classic role of rhetorical criticism as it may apply in new media venues. A blog written by a public figure was examined through a synthesis of rhetorical criticism analyses derived from Ware and Linkugel, Vartabedian, and Downey. Four strategies and associated positioning in the practice of apologia were identified in selected blog posts, indicating the genre of apologia applies to social media apologies and extends the genre of apologia. Rhetorical criticism was found to be an effective tool in identifying rhetorical postures and strategies used in social media.
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Loum-Neeser, N'deye fatou. "Les pays en développement et la brevetabilité des médicaments en matière de lutte contre le VIH/SIDA : étude de droit comparé sur les controverses actuelles concernant le rôle des brevets pharmaceutiques dans l'accès aux médicaments de traitement du VIH/SIDA des pays en voie de développement." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAA034/document.
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Dans les pays en développement (PED), les problèmes engendrés par le VIH/SIDA et l’inaccessibilité des antirétroviraux (ARV) s’avèrent être la cause de ravages extrêmement préoccupants à tous les niveaux (démographique, politique, social et économique). Dans le cadre de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC), et notamment de l’Accord sur les aspects des droits de propriété intellectuelle qui touchent au commerce (« Accord sur les ADPIC »), un nombre croissant de PED ont ou sont en train d’intégrer un standard international de protection des brevets de produits et de procédés pharmaceutiques à leur législation nationale. Cette intégration a eu et continue de jouer un rôle majeur dans la problématique de l’accès aux médicaments dans les PED. Les conditions et les effets du régime de protection des innovations suscitent de vifs débats entre les partisans d’une protection accrue des brevets et les défenseurs de l’accès aux médicaments essentiels. Une des principales motivations de notre travail de recherche est de fournir une étude permettant de trouver des solutions à la fois favorables à l’amélioration de l’accès aux médicaments et à la préservation de l’innovation. Le problème complexe de l’accès aux médicaments ARV dans les PED est influencé par la pluridisciplinarité et l’interdépendance de nombreux facteurs. Le système des brevets ne constitue pas « l’unique » solution au problème. Toutefois, il doit être plus sérieusement considéré dans sa fonction d’équilibrage entre l’intérêt privé et l’intérêt collectif. C’est un outil juridique précieux pour le développement économique et technologique des PED et la réalisation de l’intérêt commun contre la pandémieIn developing countries, problems brought about by HIV/AIDS and inaccessibility of antiretrovirals (ARVs) are proving to be the cause of serious damages at all levels (demographic, political, social and economic). Within the context of the World Trade Organization, and in particular the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (“TRIPS Agreement”), a growing number of developing countries have integrated or are in the process of integrating into their national law an international standard of patent protection for pharmaceutical products and processes. Such integration continues to play a major role in the issue of access to medicines in developing countries. The conditions and effects of the protection regime respecting innovations give rise to heated debates between supporters of an increased patent protection and defenders of the access to essential medicines. One of the main motivations for our research is to provide a study that helps to find solutions that are both in favour of improving access to medicines and protecting innovation. The complex problem of access to ARV drugs in developing countries is influenced by the multidisciplinarity and interdependence of many factors. The patent system does not solve the problem on its own. However, it should be seriously considered in its function of balancing the private and collective interests. It is a valuable legal tool for the economic and technological development of the developing countries and to achieve the common interest against the pandemic
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Rösslerová, Petra. "Business intelligence v generickém farmaceutickém průmyslu pro výběr portfolia a registrační strategii." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-310453.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe and analyse information sources, which are useful for the molecules portfolio selection suitable for the future development of a generic drug. These information sources should be examined on the case study of the portfolio selection in a given therapeutic area. The topic of the diploma thesis is presented in the context of basic principles and functions of the generic farmaceutical industry and its information needs. The introductory chapter characterizes the farmaceutical industry in general and warn on a competitive environment, which the farmaceutical companies can succeed in thanks to the advanced methods of the business intelligence. The second chapter focuses on the differences betwen the generic and original pharmaceutical industry, a drug lifecycle is also introduced there. The next chapter specifies the methods of the business intelligence in the generic pharmaceutical industry on the ground of its information needs. The fourth chapter plays a key role. First of all, it introduces general characteristics of information sources used in the strategic portfolio management. Secondly, the detailed description and analysis of eight main information sources used by the generic companies within business intelligence follows. In the last chapter these...
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Topolář, Marek. "Business plán obchodu s fotografickým vybavením." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-429724.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to develop a business plan to establish a photographic store in Brno. The thesis is divided into three main parts. The theoretical part explains basic terminology related to strategic management and strategic analysis. A quantitative research, analysis of internal and external environment and a stakeholder analysis, which revealed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the business, is broken down in an analytical part of the thesis. Then financial analysis follows. Specific strategies, which are based on these factors, are designed in order to successfully start the business. The last part discusses designated solutions.
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Novotný, Tomáš. "Strategický management prodejce rybářských potřeb." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-190111.
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Novotný, T., Strategic management of fishing tackle wholesale. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2014. This thesis focuses on the proposal strategy alternatives for the future expansion of the joint-stock company dealing with the wholesale and retail fishing tackle. For analysing the external environment are being PEST analysis and the five forces model of competition used. The internal environment is described by the value chain and the financial analysis, which is then compared to its main competitors. On these bases strategies using internal and external factor analysis, generic strategies are formulated. The results are further refined and completed by using the SWOT matrix.
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Sýkorová, Magdalena. "Strategické řízení distributora nátěrových hmot." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191361.
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This thesis is focuses on the strategic management of the distributor of paints. The main objective of this work is idetify the companys competitive position selected with the help of SPACE matrix, based on will be sesigned potential strategic alternatives. For analyze the external environment is used PESTE. Internal environment has been mapped using the extended marketing mix financial analysis, which is complemented by comparison with main competitors in the industry. Based on the results of analyzes possible strategies are formulated using generic strategies, SPACE matrix and SWOT matrix. At the conclusion are chosen strategy suitable for implementation - the promotion in specialized magazines, the use of external traffic, creating reference sheet.
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Scholz, Laura. "Strategic orientations, generic strategies, and export performance: a meta-analysis." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/39722.
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Purpose – The current state of research about determinants of export performance is
characterized by fragmentation and conceptual confusion leading to a substantial lack of
generalizability. The underlying study analyzes strategic orientations as internal determinants
of export performance, being mediated by the generic strategy of differentiation. The author’s
goal is to (1) synthesize existing empirical studies and meta-analytically cumulate the
correlations, (2) test whether a firm’s generic strategy is a mediator of the relationship between
strategic orientations and export performance, and (3) proof empirically that the strategic
orientations do not operate in isolation, but rather have joint effects.
Theory development – First, the relationship between the strategic orientations and export
performance is proposed. Second, the strategic orientations are brought into relation with the
generic strategy of differentiation. Third, a positive correlation between differentiation strategy
and export performance is suggested. Finally, hypotheses are formulated that propose a direct
mediation effect of differentiation in the relation of the strategic orientations and export
performance. An explorative question is developed pointing out a possible common effect of
the orientations on export performance that shall be tested using Commonality Analysis.
Methodology – In order to study the nature of the aforementioned relationships as well as
their contingencies the underlying study utilizes bivariate meta-analysis. The inquiry is based
upon 126 studies comprising 307,877 independent samples (N=307,877). Structural Equation
Modeling serves as a tool to test the proposed mediation model for its goodness-of-fit. In order
to test for unique and common effects, a Commonality Analysis is conducted.
Results – Strategic orientations correlate positively and statistically significantly with
export performance as well as differentiation, supporting Hypotheses 1 and 2. The variables
with the highest correlation coefficient are technology orientation and entrepreneurial
orientation. In support of Hypothesis 3, the differentiation strategy is positively and statistically
significantly related to export performance. In the Structural Equation Model, the partial
mediation model turns out to have the highest fit, suggesting a partial mediation of
differentiation between the strategic orientations and export performance (Hypothesis 4). The
Commonality Analysis reveals that the common effects among the strategic orientations and
differentiation have higher explanatory power than the unique effects. This result hints at the
importance of a simultaneous pursuit of the strategic orientations in practice.
Discussion – Practical implications of the findings point out the necessity to shift the view
on strategic orientations and hence not looking at them as alternative, but rather as
complementary approaches. For theory, this implies that the focus of research must shift
towards the joint consideration of the variables. Additionally, the operationalization of
technology orientation must be revised since it has a fuzzy content domain, even though it is
found to be one of the most influencing variables in the proposed model.
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Polišenská, Alice. "Konkurenční výhoda - východisko pro stanovení strategie společnosti." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-177095.
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The thesis aims to compare competitors from the Management systems consultants industry using the generic benchmarking method. An analysis of a selected company is carried out based on benchmarking outcomes and a suitable strategy that would ensure the company increases its current market share is suggested. The theoretical part includes terms related to the issues such as specialized industrial environment, strategy management competitive advantages and quantative survey. My thesis focuses on identifying and determining key players of the Management Systems Consultants industry and convenient strategies are suggested for the selected player from this market using the benchmarking method.
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WENG, SHENG-CHIEH, and 翁聖杰. "A Study on Patent Litigation Strategies of Generic Drug Company." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80622061114950821229.
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碩士東吳大學
法律學系
102
The pharmaceutical expenditures have been increasing due to the use of patented new drugs and have caused heavy financial burdens for worldwide governments. Therefore, in recent years, to support the low-cost generics for saving health care expenditures has become the direction of pharmaceutical policies for worldwide governments. In 2009 the patented drugs market facing the competition from generics already reaches 24 billion US dollars. These generics competitors developed price war in each therapeutic category and diminished the profits of pharmaceutical companies of patented drug products. Each government endeavors in increasing the use of generics to lower the health care expenditure. There are 80 patent-protected pharmaceutical products become off-patented during 2008 and 2010. The market of these boosters, with a market value of 50 billion US dollars, has become the target of generics pharmaceutical companies. It is expected that the period within future will be declared as the golden age of generics. The maximum public benefit of generics is providing the publics with the right to choose cheaper pharmaceutical products through the free mechanism of price competition in the market. Therefore each government encourages the prescription of generics, the correspondent regulations, and the complementary measures for generics. This is quite important for the vigorous development of pharmaceutical industry, and more influential on the public right on the use of pharmaceutical products and public health welfare. The performance and potential of generics in prescription drug market demonstrates the threat of the sharp reduction in the profit of patented drugs manufacturers. Hence the patented drugs manufacturers have been continuously planned to utilize the intellectual property management strategies for those products which are going to be off-patented and threat by generics competition and tried to obstruct the launch of generics. This damages the right and benefit of consumers to purchase the medicines they need with reasonable pricing. In view of this, the generics regulations, correspondent policies of intellectual property right, and the reasonable regulations about complementary measures are quite important for the development of generics industries in each country, and also the public right on the use of pharmaceutical products and public health welfare. In recent years the lawsuits charged against domestic generics manufacturers for infringement of the intellectual property rights of patented drug manufacturers are increasing. the correspondent domestic and international regulations and practical legislations of intellectual property are referenced and compared. The reference information of correspondent domestic/international cases and case studies about pharmaceutical related intellectual property lawsuits are provided. The intellectual property related topics which impact the development of generics industry are also studied. The necessity of legislation of generics law or specific chapter in the law of pharmaceutical affairs is also studied. This report also investigates the way to strengthen the developing circumstances of our pharmaceutical industry. On the circumstances that many domestic pharmaceutical manufacturers are charged of infringement lawsuits, it’s essential to study the legislation of the law of generics products as the reference of strategic planning for the development of future generics market in our country. And to solve the problems in our domestic pharmaceutical industry, it is recommended to revise the correspondent regulations which may be improper in practical before the legislation of generics law.