Academic literature on the topic 'Genetic Mutation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Wayne, Marta L., and Trudy F. C. Mackay. "Quantitative Genetics of Ovariole Number in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Mutational Variation and Genotype-Environment Interaction." Genetics 148, no. 1 (1998): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.1.201.

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Abstract The rare alleles model of mutation-selection balance (MSB) hypothesis for the maintenance of genetic variation was evaluated for two quantitative traits, ovariole number and body size. Mutational variances (VM) for these traits, estimated from mutation accumulation lines, were 4.75 and 1.97 × 10−4 times the environmental variance (VE), respectively. The mutation accumulation lines were studied in three environments to test for genotype × environment interaction (GEI) of new mutations; significant mutational GEI was found for both traits. Mutations for ovariole number have a quadratic
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Kelly, John K. "Deleterious Mutations and the Genetic Variance of Male Fitness Components in Mimulus guttatus." Genetics 164, no. 3 (2003): 1071–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/164.3.1071.

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Abstract Deleterious mutations are relevant to a broad range of questions in genetics and evolutionary biology. I present an application of the “biometric method” for estimating mutational parameters for male fitness characters of the yellow monkeyflower, Mimulus guttatus. The biometric method rests on two critical assumptions. The first is that experimental inbreeding changes genotype frequencies without changing allele frequencies; i.e., there is no genetic purging during the experiment. I satisfy this condition by employing a breeding design in which the parents are randomly extracted, full
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Shatavi, Seerin Viviane, Lindsay Dohany, Mohammad Muhsin Chisti, Ishmael A. Jaiyesimi, and Dana Zakalik. "Unique genetic characteristics of BRCA mutation carriers in a cohort of Arab American women." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.1541.

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1541 Background: Worldwide ethnic variations in the distribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations of breast cancer patients have been recently recognized. This has led to investigations of the epidemiology, genetics and clinical characteristics of BRCA positive individuals within specific populations. This study aims to describe the findings of BRCA genetic testing in a cohort of Arab American women. Methods: A total of 73 women of Arab ancestry were evaluated in the Beaumont Cancer Genetics Program from Jan 2008 to Jan 2013. Criteria for genetic testing included a personal or family history sugge
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Dugand, Robert J., J. David Aguirre, Emma Hine, Mark W. Blows, and Katrina McGuigan. "The contribution of mutation and selection to multivariate quantitative genetic variance in an outbred population of Drosophila serrata." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 31 (2021): e2026217118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026217118.

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Genetic variance is not equal for all multivariate combinations of traits. This inequality, in which some combinations of traits have abundant genetic variation while others have very little, biases the rate and direction of multivariate phenotypic evolution. However, we still understand little about what causes genetic variance to differ among trait combinations. Here, we investigate the relative roles of mutation and selection in determining the genetic variance of multivariate phenotypes. We accumulated mutations in an outbred population of Drosophila serrata and analyzed wing shape and siz
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Pawlik, Timothy M., Darrell R. Borger, Yuhree Kim, et al. "Genomic profiling of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Refining prognostic determinants and identifying therapeutic targets." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (2014): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.210.

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210 Background: The molecular alterations that drive tumorigenesis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain poorly defined. We sought to define the incidence and prognostic significance of mutations associated with ICC among patients undergoing surgical resection. Methods: 138 patients who underwent resection at 6 centers in the United States and Europe were included in the cohort. Mutational profiling was performed using nucleic acids that were extracted from resected ICC tumor specimens; mutations were identified using a multiplexed mutational profiling platform. The frequency of muta
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Keightley, Peter D., and Ohmi Ohnishi. "EMS-Induced Polygenic Mutation Rates for Nine Quantitative Characters in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 148, no. 2 (1998): 753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.2.753.

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Abstract Polygenic mutations were induced by treating Drosophila melanogaster adult males with 2.5 mm EMS. The treated second chromosomes, along with untreated controls, were then made homozygous, and five life history, two behavioral, and two morphological traits were measured. EMS mutagenesis led to reduced performance for life history traits. Changes in means and increments in genetic variance were relatively much higher for life history than for morphological traits, implying large differences in mutational target size. Maximum likelihood was used to estimate mutation rates and parameters
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Lim, Siew Mooi, Abu Bakar Md Sultan, Md Nasir Sulaiman, Aida Mustapha, and K. Y. Leong. "Crossover and Mutation Operators of Genetic Algorithms." International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing 7, no. 1 (2017): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmlc.2017.7.1.611.

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Wang, Gaowei, Hang Su, Helin Yu, Ruoshi Yuan, Xiaomei Zhu, and Ping Ao. "Endogenous network states predict gain or loss of functions for genetic mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 115 (2016): 20151115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.1115.

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Cancers have been typically characterized by genetic mutations. Patterns of such mutations have traditionally been analysed by posteriori statistical association approaches. One may ponder the possibility of a priori determination of any mutation regularity. Here by exploring biological processes implied in a mechanistic theory recently developed (the endogenous molecular–cellular network theory), we found that the features of genetic mutations in cancers may be predicted without any prior knowledge of mutation propensities. With hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as an example, we found that the
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Mazurenko, N. N., I. S. Beliakov, I. V. Tsyganova, et al. "Prognostic relevance of genetic aberrations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 4_suppl (2011): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.49.

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49 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) contain oncogenic KIT or PDGFRA tyrosine kinase (TK) mutations leading to disturbance of downstream signaling pathways that contribute to GIST pathogenesis. Additional genetic aberrations were found in GISTs, demonstrating the involvement of other genes important in tumor progression. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic relevance of different TK mutations in GISTs and to analyze the additional genetic aberrations in GISTs according to mutational status. Methods: 180 GIST patients were examined for KIT (9, 11, 13, 17 exons)
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Juriloff, D. M., S. D. Porter, and M. J. Harris. "Three spontaneous mutations at the albino locus in SELH/Bc mice." Genome 37, no. 2 (1994): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-026.

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The SELH/Bc inbred mouse stock has produced an unusually high number of spontaneous mutations, including sph2Bc, nuBc, a recessive lens opacity, and three mutations at the c locus. Classical genetic and molecular genetic studies were done to investigate the origin of the albino locus mutations. Southern blots probed with the mouse tyrosinase cDNA showed that two of the mutations, cBc and c2Bc, are deletions of exons 1, 2 and 3. The third mutation, c3Bc, showed a disruption, either a rearrangement or an insertion, in the region of exon 1. The deletion of the cBc mutation is anticipated to be la
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Wu, F. "Mutation-based genetic improvement of software." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1561361/.

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Genetic Improvement (GI) of software is a recent field that has drawn much attention from Software Engineering researchers. It aims to use search techniques to automatically modify and improve existing software. The drawback in previous GI approaches is scalability of these approaches, due to the large search space formed by the code base in real-world systems. To overcome the scalability challenge, more recent studies have confined the granularity of code modification at the statement level and applied a prior sensitivity analysis to further reduce the search space. However, some software imp
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Hoek, Kim G. P. "Mutation screening of pre-eclampsia candidate genes, LEP (ob) and LEPR (obR)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2834.

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Thesis (MSc (Genetics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>Pre-eclampsia is a multisystemic disorder with an incidence of ~6-8% in non-Caucasian women in the Western Cape. Trophoblast invasion is vital for adequate anchorage of the placenta to the uterine wall as well as for the optimisation of utero-placental blood flow in uncomplicated pregnancies. This process is facilitated by the fetal trophoblast cells that digest the extracellular matrix of the uterus by secreting various molecules, including the metalloproteinases (MMP), of which MMP-9 has an increased production during the first tr
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Abu-Bakar, Nordin. "Adaptive genetic algorithms." Thesis, University of Essex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343268.

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Singleton, Andrew B. "Genetic aspects of dementia." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299652.

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Hui, Wing-sum, and 許永森. "Molecular and mutation analysis of hereditary multiple exostoses." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42577081.

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King, Helen Anne. "Phenotypic and genetic analysis of the hindshaker mutation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241893.

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Carvalho, Sara. "Adaptation from standing genetic variation and from mutation." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8499.

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Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Evolutionary Biology<br>Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is crucial to explain the emergence and maintenance of the multitude of life forms we find on Earth today. Perhaps even more importantly, gaining knowledge about how fast organisms can cope with environmental changes may prove crucial in a world being altered at increasing speed due to the human actions. The study of adaptive evolution may therefore have major implications (and applications) in Agriculture, Conservation of endangered species and even Human Health. Natural
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Irvine, Alan David. "Mutation analysis in human keratin diseases." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268237.

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Lewis, Courtney. "Genetics Laboratory Directors’ Perspectives on the Role of Genetic Counselors in Acquired Mutation Testing: Current and Expanded Opportunities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1396523134.

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譚麗華 and Lai-wa Tam. "Genetics and development of the oral apparatus in 'paramecium tetraurelia'." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207431.

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Books on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Robin, Cook. Mutation. Berkley Books, 1990.

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N, Cooper David. Human gene mutation. Bios Scientific Publishers, 1993.

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Robin, Cook. Mutation. Putnam's, 1989.

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Robin, Cook. Mutation. Putnam, 1989.

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Robin, Cook. Mutation. Guild Publishing, 1989.

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Robin, Cook. Mutation. Pan Books, 1989.

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Somerville, Brian W. Genetic discoveries, disorders, and mutations. Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2004.

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Sivasankar, Shoba, Noel Ellis, Ljupcho Jankuloski, and Ivan Ingelbrecht, eds. Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0000.

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Abstract This book presents reviews on the application of the technology for crop improvement towards food and nutrition security, and research status on mutation breeding and associated biotechnologies in both seed crops and vegetatively propagated crops. It also presents perspectives on the significance of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics in determining the molecular variants underlying mutations and on emerging biotechnologies such as gene editing. Reviews and articles are organized into five sections in the publication: (1) Contribution of Crop Mutant Varieties to Food Securit
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Wallace, Bruce. Fifty years of genetic load: An odyssey. Cornell University Press, 1991.

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Brusick, David. Principles of genetic toxicology. 2nd ed. Plenum Press, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Haasl, Ryan. "Mutation and Genetic Drift." In Nature in Silico. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97381-0_3.

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Wagner, Günter P., Manfred D. Laubichler, and Homayoun Bagheri-Chaichian. "Genetic measurement theory of epistatic effects." In Mutation and Evolution. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5210-5_43.

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Smith-Keary, P. F. "Repair and Mutation." In Genetic Elements in Escherichia coli. Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19491-9_6.

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Cook, L. M., and R. S. Callow. "Polymorphism and neutral mutation." In Genetic and Evolutionary Diversity. Garland Science, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003421887-14.

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Forster, R., and R. D. Gwilliam. "Reverse Mutation in Salmonella typhimurium." In Comparative Genetic Toxicology. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07901-8_6.

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Abe, Tomoko, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi, et al. "Ion beam mutagenesis - an innovative and effective method for plant breeding and gene discovery." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0042.

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Abstract We have developed a unique technology for mutation induction of plants using energetic ion beams at the RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of Rikagaku Kenkyūjo (RIKEN) (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research). Ion beams effectively induce mutations at relatively low doses without severely inhibiting growth. The irradiation treatment can be given to various plant materials and mutation can be induced in a short time, between seconds and a few minutes. The linear energy transfer (LET) of ions depends on the nuclide and velocity. Since LET value affects the mutation frequency, it is an importan
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Rowe, Jonathan E., Michael D. Vose, and Alden H. Wright. "Coarse Graining Selection and Mutation." In Foundations of Genetic Algorithms. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11513575_10.

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Etheridge, Alison. "Mutation and Random Genetic Drift." In Some Mathematical Models from Population Genetics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16632-7_2.

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Brierley, Karina L., Claire L. Healy, and Erin W. Hofstatter. "Genetic Evaluation for Women at Increased Risk." In Managing BRCA Mutation Carriers. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59198-8_2.

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Edwards, Yvonne H., and Dallas M. Swallow. "Mutation and protein dysfunction." In Protein Dysfunction in Human Genetic Disease. Garland Science, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003579953-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Falcão, Christiane Cardoso, Tânia Souza Machado da Silva, Dara Francisca Baldo, Victor Quarentei Ciaccio, and Letícia Enedina do Nascimento Torquato. "BRCA2 mutation in a family and associated tumors: a case report." In XXVI Brazilian Mastology Congress. Mastology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.29289/259453942024v34s2013.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. Genetic mutations play a significant role in the development and progression of breast cancer, with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations being the most common hereditary risk factors. Methodology: The search for articles was conducted across several academic databases, including the United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (Bireme), using the search terms "BRCA2 mutation" and "breast ca
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Arifah, Nur, Laila Hanum, and Muharni Muharni. "DNA Mutation of Rc Gene and the Phenotype of Aleurone and Pericarp of Local Red Rice from South Sumatera." In International Conference on Industrial Sciences, Engineering and Technology toward Digital Era 2023. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-2nbp2i.

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The red color of red rice pericarp and aleurone is regulated by proanthocyanidin protein. Proanthocyanidin protein was encoded by partial sequence of Rc gene. The mutation from DNA sequence would give divers phenotype in pericarp and aleurone. This study used four sample of local red rice (Keli Rejo, Sumber Jaya, Cahya Tani, Sirah Pulau Padang) from South Sumatra as genetic sources and specific primers (RC12) were used to encode Proanthocyanidin protein on local red rice. This research was conducted at the Genetic and Biotechnology Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and N
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Jia, Yue, Fan Wu, Mark Harman, and Jens Krinke. "Genetic Improvement using Higher Order Mutation." In GECCO '15: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2739482.2768417.

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Antipov, Denis, Maxim Buzdalov, and Benjamin Doerr. "Fast mutation in crossover-based algorithms." In GECCO '20: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3377930.3390172.

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Gautieri, Alfonso, Sebastien Uzel, Simone Vesentini, Alberto Redaelli, and Markus J. Buehler. "Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Molecular and Mesoscale Disease Mechanisms." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204530.

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Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder in collagen characterized by mechanically weakened tendon and fragile bones that affects more than 1 in 10,000 individuals. Even though many studies have attempted to associate specific mutation types with phenotypic severity, the mechanisms by which a single point mutation influences the mechanical behavior of tissues at multiple length-scales remain unknown. Here we show by a hierarchy of full atomistic and mesoscale simulation that OI mutations severely compromise the mechanical properties of collagenous tissues at multiple scales, from sin
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Cervantes, J., and C. R. Stephens. ""Optimal" mutation rates for genetic search." In the 8th annual conference. ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1143997.1144201.

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Beadle, Lawrence, and Colin G. Johnson. "Semantically driven mutation in genetic programming." In 2009 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2009.4983099.

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Corus, Dogan, Pietro S. Oliveto, and Donya Yazdani. "On inversely proportional hypermutations with mutation potential." In GECCO '19: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3321780.

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Doerr, Benjamin, Carsten Witt, and Jing Yang. "Runtime analysis for self-adaptive mutation rates." In GECCO '18: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3205455.3205569.

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Ni, Andrew, and Lee Spector. "Effective Adaptive Mutation Rates for Program Synthesis." In GECCO '24: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference. ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3638529.3654135.

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Reports on the topic "Genetic Mutation"

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Sooksai, Sarintip, and Kobkul Laoteng. Genetic study of fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis in Hansenula polymorpha. Chulalongkorn University, 2011. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2011.121.

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Two groups of Hansenula polymorpha mutants were screened by their fatty acid requirement, one requires saturated fatty acids for growth (sfa- mutamts) and the other requires unsaturated fatty acids (mfa- and pfa- mutants). Two of the sfa- mutants, S7 and S16, showed significantly difference in the fatty acid composition. S7 clearly defected in the production of C18:2∆9,12 and C18:3∆9,12,15, while S16 significantly accumulated medium-chain saturated fatty acids, C12:0 and C14:0. By tetrad analysis, the results showed that S7 had double mutation which composed of fatty acid synthesis mutation (H
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Gothilf, Yoav, Roger Cone, Berta Levavi-Sivan, and Sheenan Harpaz. Genetic manipulations of MC4R for increased growth and feed efficiency in fish. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600043.bard.

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The hypothalamic melanocortin system plays a central role in the regulation of food consumption and energy homeostasis in mammals. Accordingly, our working hypothesis in this project was that genetic editing of the mc4r gene, encoding Melanocortin Receptor 4 (MC4R), will enhance food consumption, feed efficiency and growth in fish. To test this hypothesis and to assess the utility of mc4r editing for the enhancement of feed efficiency and growth in fish, the following objectives were set: Test the effect of the mc4r-null allele on feeding behavior, growth, metabolism and survival in zebrafish.
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Burns, Malcom, and Gavin Nixon. Literature review on analytical methods for the detection of precision bred products. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ney927.

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The Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act (England) aims to develop a science-based process for the regulation and authorisation of precision bred organisms (PBOs). PBOs are created by genetic technologies but exhibit changes which could have occurred through traditional processes. This current review, commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA), aims to clarify existing terminologies, explore viable methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of products of precision breeding techniques, address and identify potential solutions to the analytical challenges presente
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Wagner, D. Ry, Eliezer Lifschitz, and Steve A. Kay. Molecular Genetic Analysis of Flowering in Arabidopsis and Tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7585198.bard.

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The primary objectives for the US lab included: the characterization of ELF3 transcription and translation; the creation and characterization of various transgenic lines that misexpress ELF3; defining genetic pathways related to ELF3 function regulating floral initiation in Arabidopsis; and the identification of genes that either interact with or are regulated by ELF3. Light quality, photoperiod, and temperature often act as important and, for some species, essential environmental cues for the initiation of flowering. However, there is relatively little information on the molecular mechanisms
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Li, Li, Joseph Burger, Nurit Katzir, Yaakov Tadmor, Ari Schaffer, and Zhangjun Fei. Characterization of the Or regulatory network in melon for carotenoid biofortification in food crops. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7594408.bard.

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The general goals of the BARD research grant US-4423-11 are to understand how Or regulates carotenoid accumulation and to reveal novel strategies for breeding agricultural crops with enhanced β-carotene level. The original objectives are: 1) to identify the genes and proteins in the Or regulatory network in melon; 2) to genetically and molecularly characterize the candidate genes; and 3) to define genetic and functional allelic variation of these genes in a representative germplasm collection of the C. melo species. Or was found by the US group to causes provitamin A accumulation in chromoplas
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Jander, Georg, Gad Galili, and Yair Shachar-Hill. Genetic, Genomic and Biochemical Analysis of Arabidopsis Threonine Aldolase and Associated Molecular and Metabolic Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696546.bard.

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Since the amino acids threonine and isoleucine can be limiting in mammalian diet and there is interest in increasing their abundance in certain crop plants. To meet this need, a BARD proposal was written with two main research objectives: (i) investigate new avenues for manipulating threonine and isoleucine content in plants and (ii) study the role of threonine aldolase in plant metabolism. Research conducted to meet these goals included analysis of the sub-cellular localization of threonine aldolase in the plant, analysis of metabolic flux in developing embryos, over- and under-expression of
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Tadmor, Yaakov, Zachary Lippman, David Jackson, and Dani Zamir. three crops test for the ODO breeding method. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594397.bard.

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Hybrid vigor is the leading concept that rules crops breeding for almost a century. Yet, the exact mechanism that underlies heterosis is not clear. Over dominance interaction between alleles is one of the possible explanations. Our preliminary results indicated that severe developmental mutations at the heterozygous state have significant potential to improve plant performance. This led us to propose the ‘ODO breeding method’ that is based replacing a parental line of a successful hybrid with its mutated from to improve hybrid performance. Our BARD research challenged this method in three crop
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Weller, Joel I., Derek M. Bickhart, Micha Ron, Eyal Seroussi, George Liu, and George R. Wiggans. Determination of actual polymorphisms responsible for economic trait variation in dairy cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600017.bard.

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The project’s general objectives were to determine specific polymorphisms at the DNA level responsible for observed quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and to estimate their effects, frequencies, and selection potential in the Holstein dairy cattle breed. The specific objectives were to (1) localize the causative polymorphisms to small chromosomal segments based on analysis of 52 U.S. Holstein bulls each with at least 100 sons with high-reliability genetic evaluations using the a posteriori granddaughter design; (2) sequence the complete genomes of at least 40 of those bulls to 20 coverage; (3) de
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Ori, Naomi, and Mark Estelle. Specific mediators of auxin activity during tomato leaf and fruit development. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597921.bard.

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The plant hormone auxin is involved in numerous developmental processes, including leaf and fruit development. The tomato (Solanumlycopersicum) gene ENTIRE (E) encodes an auxin-response inhibitor from the Aux/IAA family. While most loss-offunction mutations in Aux/IAA genes are similar to the wild type due to genetic redundancy, entire (e) mutants show specific effects on leaf and fruit development. e mutants have simple leaves, in contrast to the compound leaves of wild type tomatoes. In addition, e plants produce parthenocarpic fruits, in which fruit set occurs independently of fertilization
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Weller, Joel I., Harris A. Lewin, and Micha Ron. Determination of Allele Frequencies for Quantitative Trait Loci in Commercial Animal Populations. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586473.bard.

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Abstract:
Individual loci affecting economic traits in dairy cattle (ETL) have been detected via linkage to genetic markers by application of the granddaughter design in the US population and the daughter design in the Israeli population. From these analyses it is not possible to determine allelic frequencies in the population at large, or whether the same alleles are segregating in different families. We proposed to answer this question by application of the "modified granddaughter design", in which granddaughters with a common maternal grandsire are both genotyped and analyzed for the economic traits.
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