Journal articles: 'Genetically designed'

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Tamerler, Candan, and Mehmet Sarikaya. "Genetically Designed Peptide-Based Molecular Materials." ACS Nano 3, no. 7 (July 28, 2009): 1606–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn900720g.

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Oliveri, G., M. Donelli, and A. Massa. "Genetically-designed arbitrary length almost difference sets." Electronics Letters 45, no. 23 (2009): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2009.1927.

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Anderson, Neil O., and Natalie J. Walker. "Marketing Genetically Modified Organism Carnations by Future Floral Designers: Student-designed Policy Formulation." HortTechnology 23, no. 5 (October 2013): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.23.5.683.

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Genetically modified organism (GMO) crops provide new trait(s) that may benefit floral designers and consumers. A limited array of GMO cut flower cultivars exist in the floral markets worldwide: nine carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) and one rose (Rosa ×hybrida). Labeling GMO flowers in the United States is not required. Thus, most distributors, flower auctions, brokers, wholesalers, floral designers and consumers are not aware that they exist. To test the acceptance of GMO cut flowers with potential future floral designers, n = 121 students enrolled in Floral Design (HORT 1013) at the University of Minnesota during 2005–07, 2009, and 2011, designed with standard and miniature GMO Moon™ series carnations. Each student created a Hogarth design with both types of carnations and assembled a price sheet. Students examined the differences between GMO lavender/purple carnations and those created with classic methods of spraying, dipping, or infusion. In 2009 only, students were also assigned to write a marketing paragraph about their GMO floral design. Each year, students were given an identical question on a subsequent midterm examination to determine their position on GMO cut flowers, including development of a floral shop policy to inform customers. Student examination responses ranged from not carrying GMO products [1/121 (0.8% response)], offering GMO/non-GMO carnation options to the consumer [81/121 (66.9% response)], or only selling only GMOs [33/121 (27.3% response)] that differed significantly from a 1:1:1 chi-square (χ2). A significant majority of students would inform their customers of the GMO crops [89/121 (73.6% response)]. In several instances, consumers were not to be informed of the GMO nature unless they queried about the higher price point. Similarly, marketing paragraphs did not uniformly highlight the GMO nature of the flowers. Implications for the next generation of floral designers demonstrate that, with the exception of students in 2005–06, most would sell both GMO and non-GMO flowers with a majority of shops clearly identifying GMOs.

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Yunus, Ian Sofian, and Shen-Long Tsai. "Designed biomolecule–cellulose complexes for palladium recovery and detoxification." RSC Advances 5, no. 26 (2015): 20276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra16200e.

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Zhong, Ming, Satish Sharma, and Pawan Lingras. "Genetically Designed Models for Accurate Imputation of Missing Traffic Counts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1879, no. 1 (January 2004): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1879-09.

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Wright, James N., Wan Ling Wong, Joseph A. Harvey, James A. Garnett, Laura S. Itzhaki, and Ewan R. G. Main. "Scalable Geometrically Designed Protein Cages Assembled via Genetically Encoded Split Inteins." Structure 27, no. 5 (May 2019): 776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2019.02.005.

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Aich, Pulakesh, Jaeyeon An, Byeongseon Yang, Young Ho Ko, Junghyun Kim, James Murray, Hyung Joon Cha, Joon Ho Roh, Kyeng Min Park, and Kimoon Kim. "Self-assembled adhesive biomaterials formed by a genetically designed fusion protein." Chemical Communications 54, no. 89 (2018): 12642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc07475e.

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Patriarchi, Tommaso, Jounhong Ryan Cho, Katharina Merten, Mark W. Howe, Aaron Marley, Wei-Hong Xiong, Robert W. Folk, et al. "Ultrafast neuronal imaging of dopamine dynamics with designed genetically encoded sensors." Science 360, no. 6396 (May 31, 2018): eaat4422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4422.

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Neuromodulatory systems exert profound influences on brain function. Understanding how these systems modify the operating mode of target circuits requires spatiotemporally precise measurement of neuromodulator release. We developed dLight1, an intensity-based genetically encoded dopamine indicator, to enable optical recording of dopamine dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution in behaving mice. We demonstrated the utility of dLight1 by imaging dopamine dynamics simultaneously with pharmacological manipulation, electrophysiological or optogenetic stimulation, and calcium imaging of local neuronal activity. dLight1 enabled chronic tracking of learning-induced changes in millisecond dopamine transients in mouse striatum. Further, we used dLight1 to image spatially distinct, functionally heterogeneous dopamine transients relevant to learning and motor control in mouse cortex. We also validated our sensor design platform for developing norepinephrine, serotonin, melatonin, and opioid neuropeptide indicators.

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Zhong, Ming, Satish Sharma, and Pawan Lingras. "Refining Genetically Designed Models for Improved Traffic Prediction on Rural Roads." Transportation Planning and Technology 28, no. 3 (June 2005): 213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03081060500120340.

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FUKUI, Emiko, Tomoko YUZAWA, Hiromichi MATSUMOTO, Akio KAWANOBE, Yumi SAKURAI, Tota OHSHIMA, Susumu HOUJO, et al. "Production of a Japanese Black calf designed genetically using reproductive technologies." Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho 86, no. 3 (2015): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2508/chikusan.86.375.

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Davison, John. "Risk mitigation of genetically modified bacteria and plants designed for bioremediation." Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 32, no. 11-12 (June 23, 2005): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-005-0242-1.

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Steinberg, Ximena, Jason Galpin, Gibran Nasir, Romina V. Sepúlveda, Ernesto Ladron de Guevara, Fernando Gonzalez-Nilo, Leon D. Islas, Christopher A. Ahern, and Sebastian E. Brauchi. "A rationally designed orthogonal synthetase for genetically encoded fluorescent amino acids." Heliyon 6, no. 10 (October 2020): e05140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05140.

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Shoemaker, S. A., M. J. Gerber, G. L. Evans, L. E. Archer-Paik, and C. H. Scoggin. "Initial Clinical Experience with a Rationally Designed, Genetically Engineered Recombinant Human Hemoglobin." Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Biotechnology 22, no. 3 (January 1994): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10731199409117874.

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Hart, David S., and Stevin H. Gehrke. "Thermally Associating Polypeptides Designed for Drug Delivery Produced by Genetically Engineered Cells." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 96, no. 3 (March 2007): 484–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20755.

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Lai, Y., S. Pirotta, G. Urbinati, D. Gerace, M. Minkov, V. Savona, A. Badolato, and M. Galli. "Genetically designed L3 photonic crystal nanocavities with measured quality factor exceeding one million." Applied Physics Letters 104, no. 24 (June 16, 2014): 241101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4882860.

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Erb, Rainer W., Christine A. Eichner, Irene Wagner-Döbler, and Kenneth N. Timmis. "Bioprotection of microbial communities from toxic phenol mixtures by a genetically designed pseudomonad." Nature Biotechnology 15, no. 4 (April 1997): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0497-378.

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Lingras, Pawan, Satish Sharma, and Ming Zhong. "Prediction of Recreational Travel Using Genetically Designed Regression and Time-Delay Neural Network Models." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1805, no. 1 (January 2002): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1805-03.

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Borisova, Svetlana A., Lishan Zhao, David H. Sherman, and Hung-wen Liu. "Biosynthesis of Desosamine: Construction of a New Macrolide Carrying a Genetically Designed Sugar Moiety." Organic Letters 1, no. 1 (July 1999): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol9906007.

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Kroer, Niels, and Richard B. Coffin. "Microbial trophic interactions in aquatic microcosms designed for testing genetically engineered microorganisms: A field comparison." Microbial Ecology 23, no. 2 (June 1992): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00172636.

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Liu, Li, Bhavik Patel, Mustafa H. Ghanem, Virgilio Bundoc, Zhili Zheng, Richard A. Morgan, Steven A. Rosenberg, Barna Dey, and Edward A. Berger. "Novel CD4-Based Bispecific Chimeric Antigen Receptor Designed for Enhanced Anti-HIV Potency and Absence of HIV Entry Receptor Activity." Journal of Virology 89, no. 13 (April 15, 2015): 6685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00474-15.

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ABSTRACTAdoptive transfer of CD8 T cells genetically engineered to express “chimeric antigen receptors” (CARs) represents a potential approach toward an HIV infection “functional cure” whereby durable virologic suppression is sustained after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy. We describe a novel bispecific CAR in which a CD4 segment is linked to a single-chain variable fragment of the 17b human monoclonal antibody recognizing a highly conserved CD4-induced epitope on gp120 involved in coreceptor binding. We compared a standard CD4 CAR with CD4-17b CARs where the polypeptide linker between the CD4 and 17b moieties is sufficiently long (CD4-35-17b CAR) versus too short (CD4-10-17b) to permit simultaneous binding of the two moieties to a single gp120 subunit. When transduced into a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) or T cells thereof, all three CD4-based CARs displayed specific functional activities against HIV-1 Env-expressing target cells, including stimulation of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release, specific target cell killing, and suppression of HIV-1 pseudovirus production. In assays of spreading infection of PBMCs with genetically diverse HIV-1 primary isolates, the CD4-10-17b CAR displayed enhanced potency compared to the CD4 CAR whereas the CD4-35-17b CAR displayed diminished potency. Importantly, both CD4-17b CARs were devoid of a major undesired activity observed with the CD4 CAR, namely, rendering the transduced CD8+T cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Likely mechanisms for the superior potency of the CD4-10-17b CAR over the CD4-35-17b CAR include the greater potential of the former to engage in the serial antigen binding required for efficient T cell activation and the ability of two CD4-10-17b molecules to simultaneously bind a single gp120 subunit.IMPORTANCEHIV research has been energized by prospects for a cure for HIV infection or, at least, for a “functional cure” whereby antiretroviral therapy can be discontinued without virus rebound. This report describes a novel CD4-based “chimeric antigen receptor” (CAR) which, when genetically engineered into T cells, gives them the capability to selectively respond to and kill HIV-infected cells. This CAR displays enhanced features compared to previously described CD4-based CARs, namely, increased potency and avoidance of the undesired rendering of the genetically modified CD8 T cells susceptible to HIV infection. When adoptively transferred back to the individual, the genetically modified T cells will hopefully provide durable killing of infected cells and sustained virus suppression without continued antiretroviral therapy, i.e., a functional cure.

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Ermakova, Y. G., V. V. Pak, Y. A. Bogdanova, A. A. Kotlobay, I. V. Yampolsky, A. G. Shokhina, A. S. Panova, et al. "SypHer3s: a genetically encoded fluorescent ratiometric probe with enhanced brightness and an improved dynamic range." Chemical Communications 54, no. 23 (2018): 2898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc08740c.

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Lemke, Michael, and Keith W. Miller. "On robots as genetically modified invasive species." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 12, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-06-2013-0019.

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Purpose – This paper aims to explore similarities and differences between robots, invasive biological species, and genetically modified organisms. These comparisons are designed to better understand the potential effects of robots on human society. Design/methodology/approach – This paper applies established ideas in one discipline – biology – to issues that are less well understood, but actively being studied in another discipline – science and technology studies. Findings – Robots entering human society in large numbers share many of the characteristics of an invasive species entering a new ecosystem. The authors also find that robots have several characteristics that are similar to a genetically modified organism. Taken together, these similarities suggest that society should be cautious about the introduction of large numbers of robots in a short period of time. Originality/value – The approach taken here to assess robots in society by these analogies to ecological processes is, to the authors' knowledge, novel. Applying ideas from a better-known area to a less well-known area is routine in philosophy, but these particular analogies have not yet been carefully articulated in the literature.

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Serebrovskaya, Ekaterina O., Nadezda M. Podvalnaya, Varvara V. Dudenkova, Anna S. Efremova, Nadya G. Gurskaya, Dmitry A. Gorbachev, Artem V. Luzhin, et al. "Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor for Poly-ADP-Ribose." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): 5004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145004.

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Poly-(ADP-ribosyl)-ation (PARylation) is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins and DNA that plays an important role in various cellular processes such as DNA damage response, replication, transcription, and cell death. Here we designed a fully genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for poly-(ADP-ribose) (PAR) based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The WWE domain, which recognizes iso-ADP-ribose internal PAR-specific structural unit, was used as a PAR-targeting module. The sensor consisted of cyan Turquoise2 and yellow Venus fluorescent proteins, each in fusion with the WWE domain of RNF146 E3 ubiquitin ligase protein. This bipartite sensor named sPARroW (sensor for PAR relying on WWE) enabled monitoring of PAR accumulation and depletion in live mammalian cells in response to different stimuli, namely hydrogen peroxide treatment, UV irradiation and hyperthermia.

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VÁZQUEZ-NÚÑEZ, Edgar, Julian M. PEÑA-CASTRO, Fabián FERNÁNDEZ-LUQUEÑO, Eduardo CEJUDO, Maria G. de la ROSA-ALVAREZ, and Maria C. GARCÍA-CASTAÑEDA. "A Review on Genetically Modified Plants Designed to Phytoremediate Polluted Soils: Biochemical Responses and International Regulation." Pedosphere 28, no. 5 (October 2018): 697–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0160(18)60039-6.

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Zhong, Ming, Satish Sharma, and Pawan Lingras. "Rationalizing Reliable Imputation Durations of Genetically Designed Time Delay Neural Network and Locally Weighted Regression Models." Transportation Planning and Technology 30, no. 6 (December 2007): 609–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03081060701698250.

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Mineev, Konstantin S., Sergey A. Goncharuk, Marina V. Goncharuk, Natalia V. Povarova, Anatolii I. Sokolov, Nadezhda S. Baleeva, Alexander Yu Smirnov, et al. "NanoFAST: structure-based design of a small fluorogen-activating protein with only 98 amino acids." Chemical Science 12, no. 19 (2021): 6719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc01454d.

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We solved the structure of a fluorogen-activating protein FAST and synthesized the library of potential fluorogens. Using these data, we designed the shortest genetically encoded fluorescent tag among all known.

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Kim, Hae-Yeong, Jae-Hwan Kim, and Mi-Hwa Oh. "Regulation and detection methods for genetically modified foods in Korea." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 1 (January 3, 2010): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-01-21.

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Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been developed and commercialized in many countries for the past decade. The regulations on these GMOs in Korea have been established through the labeling and safety evaluation systems for management of genetically modified (GM) foods under the Food Sanitation Act enacted by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). To manage these regulations effectively, several methods for GMO detection, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods and immunoassay, are applied. For detection of GMOs at the level of DNA, primers from the promoter, terminator, other marker genes, and expressed proteins used in a wide range of GMOs were designed for single, multiplex, real-time PCR, and microarray applications. In Korea, multiplex PCR methods specific to GM soybean, maize, canola, and cotton were designed. The limit of detection (LOD) value was determined to be 1 % of GM mixtures, which is a significant value for the PCR method used for the labeling threshold in Korea. A DNA microarray chip was also developed for the detection of 24 GMOs, including GM soybeans, 13 GM maizes, 3 GM canolas, 5 GM cottons, and 1 GM rice. This DNA chip was proven to successfully detect GMOs from raw and processed foods. In the near future, more powerful screening and detection methods are needed for handling many kinds of GMOs and unauthorized GMOs.

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Santos, Mercedes, Sofía Serrano-Dúcar, Juan González-Valdivieso, Reinaldo Vallejo, Alessandra Girotti, Purificación Cuadrado, and Francisco Javier Arias. "Genetically Engineered Elastin-based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 40 (January 3, 2020): 7117–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180508094637.

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: Protein-based polymers are some of the most promising candidates for a new generation of innovative biomaterials as recent advances in genetic-engineering and biotechnological techniques mean that protein-based biomaterials can be designed and constructed with a higher degree of complexity and accuracy. Moreover, their sequences, which are derived from structural protein-based modules, can easily be modified to include bioactive motifs that improve their functions and material-host interactions, thereby satisfying fundamental biological requirements. : The accuracy with which these advanced polypeptides can be produced, and their versatility, self-assembly behavior, stimuli-responsiveness and biocompatibility, means that they have attracted increasing attention for use in biomedical applications such as cell culture, tissue engineering, protein purification, surface engineering and controlled drug delivery. : The biopolymers discussed in this review are elastin-derived protein-based polymers which are biologically inspired and biomimetic materials. This review will also focus on the design, synthesis and characterization of these genetically encoded polymers and their potential utility for controlled drug and gene delivery, as well as in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

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Fong, Hanson, Daniel Heidel, Mehmet Sarikaya, Michael Paine, Wen Lou, Shane N. White, and Malcolm L. Snead. "Structure-Property Correlation in Genetically-Engineered Mouse Enamel." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 992–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600031032.

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Dental enamel is the most durable bioceramics produced by a vertebrate as it is designed to perform masticatory functions throughout its lifetime. The understanding of the mechanism of enamel formation and effects of proteins during the biomineralization process are fundamental issues, essential for both potential enamel regeneration and as a base for synthesis, via self-assembly, of biomimetic composites.The biomineralization process of enamel is carried out by ameloblast cells that line the inner enamel epithelium and secrete an extracellular protein matrix onto a mineralized dentin surface at the dentin-enamel junction (DEJ). A major matrix protein, amelogenin, is believed to regulate the mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the enamel tissue. It has been shown to undergo self-assembly in vitro and in vivo to form nanospheres of ∼20nm in diameter. Previous TEM studies have shown that the nanospheres align along the length (c-axis) of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals. There are two domains, namely A (residues 1-42) and B (residues 157-173), that control the self-assembly behavior of the nanospheres.

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Ladics, G. S., L. M. J. Knippels, A. H. Penninks, G. A. Bannon, R. E. Goodman, and C. Herouet-Guicheney. "Review of animal models designed to predict the potential allergenicity of novel proteins in genetically modified crops." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 56, no. 2 (March 2010): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.09.018.

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Jang, Hyeonji, Yeon Hu Park, Min-Ha Kim, Jungmok You, Jae-Heung Ko, and Jung Tae Lee. "Surface characteristics of porous carbon derived from genetically designed transgenic hybrid poplar for electric double-layer capacitors." Applied Surface Science 545 (April 2021): 148978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.148978.

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Prokop, Pavol, Murat Ozel, Muhammet Usak, and Ibrahim Senay. "Disease-threat model explains acceptance of genetically modified products." Psihologija 46, no. 3 (2013): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi130416002p.

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Natural selection favoured survival of individuals who were able to avoid disease. The behavioural immune system is activated especially when our sensory system comes into contact with disease-connoting cues and/or when these cues resemble disease threat. We investigated whether or not perception of modern risky technologies, risky behaviour, expected reproductive goals and food neophobia are associated with the behavioural immune system related to specific attitudes toward genetically modified (GM) products. We found that respondents who felt themselves more vulnerable to infectious diseases had significantly more negative attitudes toward GM products. Females had less positive attitudes toward GM products, but engaging in risky behaviours, the expected reproductive goals of females and food neophobia did not predict attitudes toward GM products. Our results suggest that evolved psychological mechanisms primarily designed to protect us against pathogen threat are activated by modern technologies possessing potential health risks.

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Laarem, G., and A. Merbouha. "Chaos Suppression Using Genetically Optimized PID Control of the 4-D Novel Hyperchaotic Vaidyanathan System." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 6 (December 22, 2018): 3619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2394.

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In this paper, a dynamical analysis of the novel hyperchaotic system with four parameters is presented. Genetically optimized proportional integral and derivative (PID) controllers were designed and applied for the chaos suppression of the 4-D novel hyperchaotic system, by varying the genetic algorithms (GA) options to view the impact factor on the optimized PID controllers. The use of the final optimized PID controllers ensures less time of convergence and fast speed chaos suppression. In this paper, a dynamical analysis of the novel hyperchaotic system with four parameters is presented. Genetically optimized proportional integral and derivative (PID) controllers were designed and applied for the chaos suppression of the 4-D novel hyperchaotic system, by varying the genetic algorithms (GA) options to view the impact factor on the optimized PID controllers. The use of the final optimized PID controllers ensures less time of convergence and fast speed chaos suppression.

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Ulianas, Alizar, Lee Yook Heng, Han-Yih Lau, Zamri Ishak, and Tan Ling Ling. "Single-step and reagentless analysis of genetically modified soybean DNA with an electrochemical DNA biosensor." Anal. Methods 6, no. 16 (2014): 6369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay00881b.

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A simple procedure for voltammetric determination of genetically modified DNA without introduction of a redox indicator into DNA hybridization medium is described. The DNA biosensor is designed where both DNA hybridization and indicator intercalation detections can be performed in a single-step.

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Dröge, C., S. Stepanow, K. Köhrer, D. Häussinger, and V. Keitel. "A custom-designed Next Generation Sequencing Panel for analysis of patients with assumed genetically determined cholestatic liver disease." Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 56, no. 01 (January 2018): E2—E89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1612706.

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Datz, Stefan, Christian Argyo, Michael Gattner, Veronika Weiss, Korbinian Brunner, Johanna Bretzler, Constantin von Schirnding, et al. "Genetically designed biomolecular capping system for mesoporous silica nanoparticles enables receptor-mediated cell uptake and controlled drug release." Nanoscale 8, no. 15 (2016): 8101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr08163g.

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Rask, John Michael, Roger V. Gonzalez, and Ronald E. Barr. "Genetically-designed Neural Networks for Error Reduction in an Optimized Biomechanical Model of the Human Elbow Joint Complex." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 7, no. 1 (February 2004): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255840310001634269.

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Castillo, B., M. del Cerro, X. O. Breakefield, D. M. Frim, C. J. Barnstable, D. O. Dean, and M. C. Bohn. "Retinal ganglion cell survival is promoted by genetically modified astrocytes designed to secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)." Brain Research 647, no. 1 (May 1994): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(94)91395-1.

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Han, Qianqian, Feng Chen, Shushan Liu, Yushu Ge, Jiang Wu, and Dan Liu. "Genetically encoded FRET fluorescent sensor designed for detecting MOF histone acetyltransferase activity in vitro and in living cells." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 413, no. 21 (July 16, 2021): 5453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03528-9.

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Kuehn, Philipp, Thea Riebe, Lynn Apelt, Max Jansen, and Christian Reuter. "Sharing of Cyber Threat Intelligence between States." Sicherheit & Frieden 38, no. 1 (2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0175-274x-2020-1-22.

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Novel environmental invasive biotechnologies, such as gene drives and Horizontal Environmental Genetic Alteration Agents exceed the classical applications of genetically modified organisms. The reason for this is that they are designed to transform wild organisms into genetically modified organisms which express desired traits. Instead of in a laboratory, this transformation takes place in the environment. The far-ranging effects that may be triggered by gene drive and Horizontal Environmental Genetic Alteration Agents require an extension of risk assessment to include socio-political consequences. The present article offers a first brief examination whether regulation is prepared for possible conflicts caused by benevolent or by hostile use of these novel technologies.

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Longhi, Luca, Kathryn E. Saatman, Ramesh Raghupathi, Helmut L. Laurer, Philipp M. Lenzlinger, Peter Riess, Edmund Neugebauer, et al. "A Review and Rationale for the Use of Genetically Engineered Animals in the Study of Traumatic Brain Injury." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 21, no. 11 (November 2001): 1241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200111000-00001.

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The mechanisms underlying secondary cell death after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are poorly understood. Animal models of TBI recapitulate many clinical and pathologic aspects of human head injury, and the development of genetically engineered animals has offered the opportunity to investigate the specific molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with cell dysfunction and death after TBI, allowing for the evaluation of specific cause-effect relations and mechanistic hypotheses. This article represents a compendium of the current literature using genetically engineered mice in studies designed to better understand the posttraumatic inflammatory response, the mechanisms underlying DNA damage, repair, and cell death, and the link between TBI and neurodegenerative diseases.

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Lv, Jinzhi, Yanming Miao, and Guiqin Yan. "Detection of specific DNA sequences in Maize (Zea mays L.) based on phosphorescent quantum-dot exciton energy transfer." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 14 (2019): 5308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj06106h.

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The complementary sequence of genetically-modified marker sequence cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (Ca MV 35S) DNA was trimmed and designed into sequences S1 and S2, which were separately modified onto the surfaces of room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) quantum dots (QDs), forming QDs-S1 (P1) and QDs-S2 (P2), respectively.

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Stücheli, Pascal, Simon Sieber, David W. Fuchs, Leo Scheller, Tobias Strittmatter, Pratik Saxena, Karl Gademann, and Martin Fussenegger. "Genetically encoded betaxanthin-based small-molecular fluorescent reporter for mammalian cells." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 12 (May 18, 2020): e67-e67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa342.

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Abstract We designed and engineered a dye production cassette encoding a heterologous pathway, including human tyrosine hydroxylase and Amanita muscaria 4,5-DOPA dioxygenase, for the biosynthesis of the betaxanthin family of plant and fungal pigments in mammalian cells. The system does not impair cell viability, and can be used as a non-protein reporter system to directly visualize the dynamics of gene expression by profiling absorbance or fluorescence in the supernatant of cell cultures, as well as for fluorescence labeling of individual cells. Pigment profiling can also be multiplexed with reporter proteins such as mCherry or the human model glycoprotein SEAP (secreted alkaline phosphatase). Furthermore, absorbance measurement with a smartphone camera using standard application software enables inexpensive, low-tech reporter quantification.

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Suarez, Lauren, Ruipeng Wang, Scott Carmer, Daniel Bednarik, Han Myint, Kristi Jones, and Mathias Oelke. "AIM Platform: A Novel Nano Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cell-Based Clinical System Designed to Consistently Produce Multi-Antigen-Specific T-Cell Products with Potent and Durable Anti-Tumor Properties." Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 47, no. 6 (2020): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000512788.

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Over the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in the field of adoptive cell therapy. The two prevailing modalities include endogenous non-engineered approaches and genetically engineered T-cell approaches. Endogenous non-engineered approaches include dendritic cell-based systems and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) that are used to produce multi-antigen-specific T-cell products. Genetically engineered approaches, such as T-cell receptor engineered cells and chimeric antigen receptor T cells are used to produce single antigen-specific T-cell products. It is noted by the authors that there are alternative methods to sort for antigen-specific T cells such as peptide multimer sorting or cytokine secretion assay-based sorting, both of which are potentially challenging for broad development and commercialization. In this review, we are focusing on a novel nanoparticle technology that generates a non-engineered product from the endogenous T-cell repertoire. The most common approaches for ex vivo activation and expansion of endogenous, non-genetically engineered cell therapy products rely on dendritic cell-based systems or IL-2 expanded TIL. Hurdles remain in developing efficient, consistent, controlled processes; thus, these processes still have limited access to broad patient populations. Here, we describe a novel approach to produce cellular therapies at clinical scale, using proprietary nanoparticles combined with a proprietary manufacturing process to enrich and expand antigen-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell products with consistent purity, identity, and composition required for effective and durable anti-tumor response.

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Bajhdad Abadi, Saeed Daryaee, and Mohammah Hossain Ramazani Ghavam Abadi. "International Legal Challenges on Biotechnological Products." Journal of Politics and Law 9, no. 7 (August 30, 2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v9n7p247.

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Selection and separation of inheritance has the desired characteristics of plants, animals and organisms have specific morphological characteristics and called them in terms of biotechnology. Including applications help farmers to reduce the amount of fertilizers , chemical pesticides, water and fuel consumption for the production of food As well as biotechnological products can be used for purification and cleansing the environment and food production at lower costs and reduce the use of harmful chemicals to human health and the environment. However, criticism has been leveled on biotechnology, for example, genetically modified organisms, unlike chemicals, have a risk of spread and replication capabilities and unknown toxins may be produced by biotechnological products or reduce biodiversity, genetic contamination and poisoning and destroy beneficial insects harmless. This article, in addition to addressing various aspects of biotechnology, seeking to assess the strengths and limitations of current international law and structures designed to address these concerns communities. Biotechnology problems at the international level and treaties related to each of them are as follows: A) Concerns about patent genetically modified crops: National rules developed countries, genetically modified crops have to support intellectual property. If to be biotech crops intellectual property rights, the bulk of the food of world award to several capitalist companies .B) Concerns about Transparency Regarding Exports of Genetically Modified Products: Notification of genetically modified content could be achieved through a labeling system C) Liability for damage caused by genetically modified imported products: The international community have tried to establish international rules on liability and compensation for damage caused by genetically modified crops that in the Biosafety Protocol, the provisions limiting the harmful effects caused by genetically modified organisms. D) Liability of Trans boundary damage caused by genetically modified crops: Genetically modified crops could have a negative impact on the environment of neighboring states, even if completely in a state of production and consumption .After careful consideration of the above it can be concluded that there is not a single treaty regime and specific concerns to address the biotechnology. But we are faced to fragmented and conflicting network of treaties relating to intellectual property, trade and the environment, as well as a series of general principles of law and legal norms ambiguous.

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Opitz, D. W., and J. W. Shavlik. "Connectionist Theory Refinement: Genetically Searching the Space of Network Topologies." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 6 (May 1, 1997): 177–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.368.

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An algorithm that learns from a set of examples should ideally be able to exploit the available resources of (a) abundant computing power and (b) domain-specific knowledge to improve its ability to generalize. Connectionist theory-refinement systems, which use background knowledge to select a neural network's topology and initial weights, have proven to be effective at exploiting domain-specific knowledge; however, most do not exploit available computing power. This weakness occurs because they lack the ability to refine the topology of the neural networks they produce, thereby limiting generalization, especially when given impoverished domain theories. We present the REGENT algorithm which uses (a) domain-specific knowledge to help create an initial population of knowledge-based neural networks and (b) genetic operators of crossover and mutation (specifically designed for knowledge-based networks) to continually search for better network topologies. Experiments on three real-world domains indicate that our new algorithm is able to significantly increase generalization compared to a standard connectionist theory-refinement system, as well as our previous algorithm for growing knowledge-based networks.

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Buu, Nguyen T., Johanne Duhaime, Karoly Racz, Otto Kuchel, and Gunther Schlager. "L-Dopa metabolism in genetically hypertensive mice: effect of pargyline." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-379.

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This study on the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the development of hypertension involves the measurement of dopamine and norepinephrine accumulation in various tissues of the hypertensive and random-bred normotensive strains of mice at basal levels, and following a pargyline–L-dopa treatment. Under such a treatment, designed to suppress the homeostatic action of monoamine oxidase and to better expose the relationship between dopamine and norepinephrine, the brain and heart of the hypertensive mice accumulated more dopamine than the normotensive mice. There was a significantly lower norepinephrine accumulation in the heart of the hypertensive mice in spite of comparable dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity in this tissue between the two strains of mice. Under the pargyline–L-dopa treatment, the brain and heart of the older mice in both hypertensive and normotensive strains accumulated significantly (p < 0.05) more dopamine than those of their younger counterparts, while their norepinephrine accumulation remained unchanged. The results demonstrated different patterns of response of dopamine and norepinephrine in the development of hypertension.

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Zhong, Ming, Satish Sharma, and Pawan Lingras. "Short-Term Traffic Prediction on Different Types of Roads with Genetically Designed Regression and Time Delay Neural Network Models." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 19, no. 1 (January 2005): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(2005)19:1(94).

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Leser, T. D. "Validation of microbial community structure and ecological functional parameters in an aquatic microcosm designed for testing genetically engineered microorganisms." Microbial Ecology 29, no. 2 (March 1995): 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00167164.

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Herman, Derek J., Lisa O. Knowles, and N. Richard Knowles. "Differential Sensitivity of Genetically Related Potato Cultivars to Treatments Designed to Alter Apical Dominance, Tuber Set and Size Distribution." American Journal of Potato Research 93, no. 4 (March 1, 2016): 331–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9507-7.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Genetically designed'

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