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Academic literature on the topic 'Génétique des populations humaines – Québec (Province)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Génétique des populations humaines – Québec (Province)"
Letendre, Maude. "Analyse démogénétique de la contribution des fondateurs irlandais au peuplement du Québec et de ses régions." Thèse, Université Laval, 2007. http://constellation.uqac.ca/437/1/24979284.pdf.
Full textDesportes, Sophie. "La contribution démographique et génétique des Filles du roi à la population québécoise contemporaine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31767.
Full textWe already have a good knowledge of the sociodemographic characteristics of the women called the King’s Daughters and the context of their arrival in New France. However, here we provide for the first time an estimate of the demographic and genetic contribution of the King’s Daughters to the contemporary Quebec population, both for the province as a whole and on a regional basis using the BALSAC population database. We found that two-thirds of the five million individuals in BALSAC are descendants of the King’s Daughters. These descendants settled throughout Quebec following the opening of new regions to colonization but in greater proportions in western Quebec. Nearly 78% of the King’s Daughters from our initial list have descendants up to the present day. We also reconstructed the ascending genealogies of more than 60,000 married individuals in Quebec in 1960. We calculated the genetic contribution of the King's Daughters to this group, which stands at 9.3%. This contribution represents 40% of the genetic contribution of French female founders, and slightly more than a third of the genetic contribution of all female founders who were identified in our genealogical sample. We have observed that some King’s Daughters have a very important individual contribution in the regions of eastern Quebec, which also sets them apart across the province. We also calculated that 73% of the King's Daughters who had descendants to the contemporary period passed on their mitochondrial DNA. In conclusion, we were able, using a genealogical approach and demogenetic analyses, to show that the King's Daughters and their descendants played a significant role in the demographic history of Quebec and the constitution of its genetic heritage.
Rouleau, Gabrielle. "Portrait démogénétique de la RMR de Saguenay." Thèse, Université Laval, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4377/1/Rouleau_uqac_0862N_10381.pdf.
Full textAchkar, Aline. "L'hypercholestérolémie familiale au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean : analyse démogénétique de la mutation LDLR-W66G." Thèse, Université Laval, 2013. http://constellation.uqac.ca/2601/1/030429469.pdf.
Full textValiquette, Eliane. "Impacts des ensemencements sur l'intégrité génétique des populations sauvages de touladi (Salvelinus namaycush) au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25813.
Full textStocking represents the most important management tool to increase and sustain commercial and recreational fisheries in a context of overexploitation. Genetic impacts of this practice have been investigated in many studies that examined population and individual admixture, but few investigated determinants of these processes. Here we addressed this question from the genotyping at 19 microsatellite loci of 3341 adult lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from 72 lakes. Results showed a profound alteration of the genetic integrity in stocked populations. Moreover, levels of admixture in stocked populations were strongly correlated with stocking intensity and a threshold value of total homogenization between source and stocked populations was identified. Our results finally suggest that under certain scenarios, the genetic impacts of stocking could be of short duration.
De, Braekeleer Marc. "L'approche des maladies héréditaires par la démographie génétique : le cas du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean au Québec." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR21019.
Full textSeveral autosomal dominant and recessive disorders have a high incidence in Saguenay lac-Saint-Jean, a region located in the northeastern part of the province of Quebec (Canada). This thesis presents the summary of the researches in demographic genetics conducted for the last seven years in this region. The complementary between (historical) demography and population genetics allows to explain the presence, the frequency and the diffusion of the hereditary disorders in the French-Canadian population. The use of molecular data adds a new dimension to the concepts of population genetics. Migration, consanguinity, kinship, endogamy and geographic distribution as well as the demographic consequences (fertility, mortality) of the hereditary disorders are especially analyzed. A model of diffusion of the hereditary disorders in Saguenay lac-Saint-Jean based on the demographic and genetic analyses is proposed
Piette, Jeanne. "Étude génétique de l'invasion de la berce du Caucase (Heracleum mantegazzianum) au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28168.
Full textGiant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) is an invasive plant historically propagated around the world for its horticultural interest. It negatively impacts environments it colonizes, notably by reducing specific diversity and by increasing erosion in river banks. Furthermore, its toxic sap causes an important public health hazard. The species' population dynamics have been studied in Europe, but nothing is known about the genetics of Quebec populations. This study aimed to elucidate spatial patterns in the giant hogweed invasion in Quebec and in surrounding regions. Amongst other things, it focused on discerning the roles of anthropic versus natural dissemination in the current distribution of the plant. Genetic analyses (1065 single nucleotide polymorphism markers) were performed on a total of 940 individuals from 63 sites. The results demonstrated the presence of three strongly genetically differenciated lineages in Quebec populations. Multiple events of voluntary and involuntary anthropogenic dissemination were identified. The results of this study could be used to improve control policies for this species as well as to improve our understanding of the dynamics of biological invasions.
Perron, Michel. "Sociogéographie de la santé à micro-échelle." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30031.
Full textAmong the regions of quebec, saguenay-lac-saint-jean stands out for its isolation, its short history and the ethnocultural features of its population. Moreover, here we have a population especially propitious for our double-edged research - that is, to map out a micro-scale sociogeography of health, and also to work out the main factors associated with a rather poor health record. Thanks to an interdisciplinary approach, spatial locations can be used to reveal disparities in health, whereas changes of scale can allow us to track certain pathogenic patterns and different causes of death. Making use of models of social ecology developed in the chicoutimi-jonquiere urban area, it is possible to grasp sociospatial disparities by homogeneous zones. Sociogeographical gradients then show up, linked to the prevalence of certain genetic diseases, complex disorders (with a genetic susceptibility), or the risk of the occurrence of chronic disorders leading to death. Beyond statistical correlations and spatial associations, we propose explanations for the differences of levels of pathology by examining mainly how the present manifestations of the rates of illness and death may be associated with socio-economic inequalities, or may be inherited from past conditions. By bringing up the delicate question of determinism, which evokes the issue of + captivity/ mobility ; we have a look at, finally, the matter of equal opportunity and that of continuity of social conditions. From the epidemiological transition to the patterns of population settlement, we draw a socio-historic portrait; we work up a sociogeographic model which sheds new light on the emergence of sociospatial discontinuities of health and of schooling
Lacasse, Jennyfer. "Divergence chez deux populations lacustres d'épinoches à trois épines juvéniles du Québec : variations morphologiques, comportementales et neuroendocriniennes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28880/28880.pdf.
Full textOur study aimed to evaluate the influence of the environment on morphology, behaviour and gene expression in the brain in two freshwater populations of threespine sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, in the Bas St.–Laurent coming from Témiscouata and Rond lakes. Significant differences were found in the morphology of the animals: defensives structures of the sticklebacks are more developed in Témiscouata Lake. Moreover, juveniles of each lake were raised in common environment in a laboratory, and significant differences were found in behaviour: activity and aggressiveness were higher in population from Rond Lake. However, we observed molecular pathway in global gene expression: some neuropeptide expressions were correlated with their receptor expressions but not in all cases. Morphological and behavioural differences could be explained by the predation risk, which seemed a priori higher in Témiscouata Lake than in Rond Lake.
Bhérer, Claude. "Ramifications génétiques et démographiques de l'effet fondateur québécois." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11846.
Full textFounding events and range expansions can promote a cascade of genetic changes and may have played an important role in the evolutionary history of modern humans. Yet the evolutionary consequences and demographic dynamics of these colonization processes remain poorly documented and challenging to study in human populations. In this thesis, we used deep-rooted genealogies from the French Canadian founder population in addition to genomic data to address these questions. Genomic and genealogical analyses were remarkably concordant and revealed a new portrait of Quebec fine-scale population structure, including a continuum of genetic diversity in the west/east axis and sub-populations significantly differentiated. The analysis of the founding immigration showed that virtually all French Canadians are admixed. Contrary to the idea of homogeneity of the population, our results demonstrate that the regional settlement histories led to a rapid genetic differentiation and explain some regional signatures of the founder effect. By monitoring evolutionary changes in real genealogies, we show that founding events impact fertility traits and reproductive success. This thesis leads to a better understanding of the genetic heritage of Quebec and provides insights on how peopling of new territories shaped human evolution.
Books on the topic "Génétique des populations humaines – Québec (Province)"
Bouchard, Gérard. Pourquoi des maladies héréditaires?: Population et génétique au Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean. Sillery, Qué: Septentrion, 1992.
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