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Journal articles on the topic 'Genipine'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Bringmann, Gerhard, Andreas Hamm, Jürgen Kraus, Michael Ochse, Amal Noureldeen, and Dennis N. Jumbam. "Gardenamide A fromRothmannia urcelliformis (Rubiaceae) − Isolation, Absolute Stereostructure, and Biomimetic Synthesis from Genipine." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2001, no. 10 (2001): 1983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-0690(200105)2001:10<1983::aid-ejoc1983>3.0.co;2-g.

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Bringmann, Gerhard, Andreas Hamm, Juergen Kraus, Michael Ochse, Amal Noureldeen, and Dennis N. Jumbam. "ChemInform Abstract: Gardenamide A (I) from Rothmannia urcelliformis (Rubiaceae) - Isolation, Absolute Stereostructure, and Biomimetic Synthesis from Genipine (II)." ChemInform 33, no. 9 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200209178.

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Yang, Yishun, Yue Ding, and Tong Zhang. "Biotransformation of Geniposide into Genipin by ImmobilizedTrichoderma reeseiand Conformational Study of Genipin." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2079195.

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Trichoderma reeseiQM9414,Trichoderma viride3.316,Aspergillus nigerM85, andAspergillus nigerM92 were screened for hydrolyzing geniposide into genipin.T. reeseiwas selected according to theβ-glucosidase activity of the fermentation broths using geniposide as a substrate.T. reeseiwas immobilized by embedding method using sodium alginate as the carrier. Geniposide was hydrolyzed by immobilizedT. reeseiat 28°C (200 rpm) for 34 h, and the yield of genipin was 89%. The product was purified and identified by UV, IR, EIMS, and1H-NMR. Since there were two sets of signals in1H-NMR spectra, a series of ex

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Sampaio, Greyce Yane Honorato, Ana C. B. M. Fook, Thiago Bizerra Fideles, M. E. R. R. M. Cavalcanti, and Marcus Vinícius Lia Fook. "Biodegradable Chitosan Scaffolds: Effect of Genipin Crosslinking." Materials Science Forum 805 (September 2014): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.805.116.

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Currently researchers has pointed chitosan as one of the viable alternatives for application as scaffolds in tissue regeneration, mainly due to its availability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and ability to chemical modifications, among them, the crosslinking. With the growing number of investigations of crosslinking agents from natural sources and its applicability, this work focuses on the development and microstructural characterization of chitosan scaffolds and chitosan crosslinked with genipina using the technique of freeze drying. Solutions were prepared with chitosan concentration

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Dickson, Livia, Mathieu Tenon, Ljubica Svilar, et al. "Main Human Urinary Metabolites after Genipap (Genipa americana L.) Juice Intake." Nutrients 10, no. 9 (2018): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091155.

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Genipap (Genipa americana L.) is a native fruit from Amazonia that contains bioactive compounds with a wide range of bioactivities. However, the response to genipap juice ingestion in the human exposome has never been studied. To identify biomarkers of genipap exposure, the untargeted metabolomics approach in human urine was applied. Urine samples from 16 healthy male volunteers, before and after drinking genipap juice, were analyzed by liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. XCMS package was used for data processing in the R environment and t-tests were applied on log-transfo

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Chen, Chungang, Fenxia Han, Yan Zhang, Jianfeng Lu, and Yuzhong Shi. "Simultaneous determination of geniposide and its metabolites genipin and genipinine in culture ofAspergillus nigerby HPLC." Biomedical Chromatography 22, no. 7 (2008): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.993.

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Yunoki, Shunji, Yoshimi Ohyabu, and Hirosuke Hatayama. "Temperature-Responsive Gelation of Type I Collagen Solutions Involving Fibril Formation and Genipin Crosslinking as a Potential Injectable Hydrogel." International Journal of Biomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/620765.

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We investigated the temperature-responsive gelation of collagen/genipin solutions using pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) and acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) as substrates. Gelation occurred in the PSC/genipin solutions at genipin concentrations 0–2 mM under moderate change in temperature from 25 to 37°C. The PSC/genipin solutions exhibited fluidity at room temperature for at least 30 min, whereas the ASC/genipin solutions rapidly reached gel points. In specific cases PSC would be preferred over ASC as an injectable gel system. The temperature-responsive gelation of PSC/genipin solutions was d

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Zu, Yuangang, Xinyang Yu, Xiuhua Zhao, Weiguo Wang, and Kunlun Wang. "Nanocrystallization of the Pharmaceutically Active Agent Genipin by an Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/240950.

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To improve the water solubility and dissolution rate, genipin was nanocrystallized by an emulsion solvent evaporation method, followed by freeze-drying. The optimization condition of nanocrystallization process was carried out by single-factor experiment. The effects of five experimental parameters, such as concentration of surfactants the proportion of water to organic phase, homogenate speed and time, homogenization pressure and times, and the proportion of genipin to lyoprotectants on the mean particle size (MPS) of genipin nanoparticles, were investigated. Under the optimum conditions by s

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Ding, Yue, Jian-Wei Hou, Yong Zhang, et al. "Metabolism of Genipin in Rat and Identification of Metabolites by Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/957030.

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Thein vivoandin vitrometabolism of genipin was systematically investigated in the present study. Urine, plasma, feces, and bile were collected from rats after oral administration of genipin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. A rapid and sensitive method using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF MS) was developed for analysis of metabolic profile of genipin in rat biological samples (urine, plasma, feces, and bile). A total of ten metabolites were detected and identified by comparing their fra

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Wang, Ya, Tianming Zhao, You Deng, et al. "Genipin Ameliorates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Mice via the Concomitant Inhibition of Inflammation and Induction of Autophagy." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (December 11, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3729051.

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Genipin, as the most effective ingredient of various traditional medications, encompasses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial capacities. More recently, it is suggested that genipin protects against septic liver damage by restoring autophagy. The purpose of the current study was to explore the protective effect of genipin against carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced acute liver injury (ALI) and its underlying molecular machinery. Our results indicated that treatment with genipin significantly reduced CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by ameliorating histological liver changes, decre

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Hisham, Siti Farhana, Siti Hajar Kasim, Syazana Abu Bakar, et al. "Cross-Linked Effects by Genipin on Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan Film." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.108.

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The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of cross-linked reaction on physicochemical properties of chitosan film by using genipin as cross-linker agent. Series of chitosan film samples with different amount concentration of genipin loaded (0-3 wt %) were prepared and characterized. The physicochemical properties of films were evaluated by Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR), UV-vis spectroscopy, Oxygen Transmission Rate (OTR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), water vapour and tensile test. The cross-linking reaction had affected on colour changing of chitosan film samples from li

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Ma, Chan-Juan, Ai-Fang Nie, Zhi-Jian Zhang, et al. "Genipin stimulates glucose transport in C2C12 myotubes via an IRS-1 and calcium-dependent mechanism." Journal of Endocrinology 216, no. 3 (2012): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-11-0473.

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Genipin, a compound derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits, has been used over the years in traditional Chinese medicine to treat symptoms of type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular basis for its antidiabetic effect has not been fully revealed. In this study, we investigated the effects of genipin on glucose uptake and signaling pathways in C2C12 myotubes. Our study demonstrates that genipin stimulated glucose uptake in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The maximal effect was achieved at 2 h with a concentration of 10 μM. In myotubes, genipin promoted glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) tra

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Siritientong, Tippawan, Juthamas Ratanavaraporn, Teerapol Srichana, and Pornanong Aramwit. "Preliminary Characterization of Genipin-Cross-Linked Silk Sericin/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films as Two-Dimensional Wound Dressings for the Healing of Superficial Wounds." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/904314.

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The genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films were developed aiming to be applied as two-dimensional wound dressings for the treatment of superficial wounds. The effects of genipin cross-linking concentration on the physical and biological properties of the films were investigated. The genipin-cross-linked silk sericin/PVA films showed the increased surface density, tensile strength, and percentage of elongation, but decreased percentage of light transmission, water vapor transmission rate, and water swelling, compared to the non-cross-linked films. This explained that

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Wu, Daifeng, Yulin Wang, Yueyang Wu, and Shujuan Ding. "The Protective Effect of Genipin on Oxidative Stress Under Hypoxia and Hyperglycemia in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 11, no. 11 (2021): 2239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2021.2804.

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We aimed to explore the protective effect of genipin on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under hypoxia and hyperglycemia. RPE cells were cultured under hyperglycemia and hypoxia mimicking agent DFX. The cells were then exposed to genipin (10–50 μM), genipin + phospha-tidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphates (PIP3) as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, and genipin+ PI3K agonist, followed by CCK-8 assay to detect the cell viability. Western blot determined PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, and apoptosis- and anti-apoptosis-related proteins levels. MitoSOXTM Red kit was conducted to

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Hannon, Bailey G., Stephen A. Schwaner, Elizabeth M. Boazak, et al. "Sustained scleral stiffening in rats after a single genipin treatment." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 159 (2019): 20190427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0427.

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Scleral stiffening has been proposed as a therapy for glaucoma and myopia. Previous in vivo studies have evaluated the efficacy of scleral stiffening after multiple treatments with a natural collagen crosslinker, genipin. However, multiple injections limit clinical translatability. Here, we examined whether scleral stiffening was maintained after four weeks following a single genipin treatment. Eyes from brown Norway rats were treated in vivo with a single 15 mM genipin retrobulbar injection, sham retrobulbar injection, or were left naive. Eyes were enucleated either 1 day or four weeks post-i

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Pizzolitto, Chiara, Michela Cok, Fioretta Asaro, et al. "On the Mechanism of Genipin Binding to Primary Amines in Lactose-Modified Chitosan at Neutral pH." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (2020): 6831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186831.

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The present manuscript deals with the elucidation of the mechanism of genipin binding by primary amines at neutral pH. UV-VIS and CD measurements both in the presence of oxygen and in oxygen-depleted conditions, combined with computational analyses, led to propose a novel mechanism for the formation of genipin derivatives. The indications collected with chiral and achiral primary amines allowed interpreting the genipin binding to a lactose-modified chitosan (CTL or Chitlac), which is soluble at all pH values. Two types of reaction and their kinetics were found in the presence of oxygen: (i) an

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Tacias-Pascacio, Veymar G., Esmeralda García-Parra, Gilber Vela-Gutiérrez, et al. "Genipin as An Emergent Tool in the Design of Biocatalysts: Mechanism of Reaction and Applications." Catalysts 9, no. 12 (2019): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9121035.

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Genipin is a reagent isolated from the Gardenia jasminoides fruit extract, and whose low toxicity and good crosslinking properties have converted it into a reactive whose popularity is increasing by the day. These properties have made it widely used in many medical applications, mainly in the production of chitosan materials (crosslinked by this reactive), biological scaffolds for tissue engineering, and nanoparticles of chitosan and nanogels of proteins for controlled drug delivery, the genipin crosslinking being a key point to strengthen the stability of these materials. This review is focus

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Wang, Zhonghan, He Liu, Wenbin Luo, et al. "Regeneration of skeletal system with genipin crosslinked biomaterials." Journal of Tissue Engineering 11 (January 2020): 204173142097486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731420974861.

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Natural biomaterials, such as collagen, gelatin, and chitosan, are considered as promising candidates for use in tissue regeneration treatment, given their similarity to natural tissues regarding components and structure. Nevertheless, only receiving a crosslinking process can these biomaterials exhibit sufficient strength to bear high tensile loads for use in skeletal system regeneration. Recently, genipin, a natural chemical compound extracted from gardenia fruits, has shown great potential as a reliable crosslinking reagent, which can reconcile the crosslinking effect and biosafety profile

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Bellrichard, Mitch, Colten Snider, Cornelia Dittmar, John Brockman, Dave Grant, and Sheila A. Grant. "Genipin Attachment of Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles to a Decellularized Tissue Scaffold." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (2019): 5231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235231.

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Decellularized allograft tissue is used for a wide array of tissue injuries and repair with tenons and ligament repair being among the most common. However, despite their frequent use there is concern over the lengthy inflammatory period and slow healing associated with allografts. One promising solution has been the use of nanoparticles. There is currently no easy, fast method to achieve consistent conjugation of nanoparticles to tissue. The available conjugation methods can be time-consuming and/or may create numerous cytotoxic byproducts. Genipin, a naturally derived crosslinking agent isol

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Siritientong, T., and Pornanong Aramwit. "A Novel Silk Sericin/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Composite Film Crosslinked with Genipin: Fabrication and Characterization for Tissue Engineering Applications." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.359.

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Silk sericin, a gumming protein from silk cocoons, has been a considerable natural protein-based biopolymer for fabrication of desired constructs for potential tissue engineering applications. This study investigated the formulation of a novel biopolymeric silk sericin/poly (vinyl alcohol) film with genipin as crosslinking agent and its physical properties. Silk sericin itself forms a fragile material, adding other polymers such as poly (vinyl alcohol) and glycerin, a plasticizer, resulting in a strong and flexible matrix. The results indicated that at higher concentration of genipin (0.1% w/v

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Gupta, Anand Kumar, Shalini Roy, and Pijush K. Das. "Antileishmanial effect of the natural immunomodulator genipin through suppression of host negative regulatory protein UCP2." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 76, no. 1 (2020): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa406.

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Abstract Objectives To evaluate the antileishmanial efficacy of genipin, which specifically inhibits uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) that is induced in leishmaniasis to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS). Methods The effect of genipin was assessed against intracellular parasites in cultured macrophages and in suppressing spleen and liver parasite burdens in a BALB/c mouse model of visceral leishmaniasis by microscopic evaluation of intracellular amastigotes stained with Giemsa. ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by H2DCFDA- and JC-1-based fluorometric analysis. ELISA was

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Dimida, Simona, Matteo Santin, Tiziano Verri, Amilcare Barca, and Christian Demitri. "Assessment of Cytocompatibility and Anti-Inflammatory (Inter)Actions of Genipin-Crosslinked Chitosan Powders." Biology 9, no. 7 (2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9070159.

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Chitosan is a polysaccharide commonly used, together with its derivatives, in the preparation of hydrogel formulations, scaffolds and films for tissue engineering applications. Chitosan can be used as such, but it is commonly stabilized by means of chemical crosslinkers. Genipin is one of the crosslinkers that has been considered that is a crystalline powder extracted from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides and processed to obtain an aglycon compound. Genipin is gaining interest in biological applications because of its natural origin and anti-inflammatory actions. In this paper, the ability of

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Yang, Xuejing, Jin Li, Xi Yang, Jun He та Yan-Xu Chang. "Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Geniposidic Acid, Genipin-1-β-Gentiobioside, Geniposide, Genipin, and Crocetin in Rats after Oral Administration of Crude Gardeniae Fructus and Its Three Processed Products Using LC-MS/MS". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (7 травня 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1642761.

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The extract of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) with different processing methods processed the different medicinal properties and efficacy. Crude GF (CGF) could be processed into stir-frying GF (SGF), gancao mix-frying GF (GCGF), and ginger mix-frying GF (GIGF) in practice. An LC-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous quantification of geniposidic acid, geniposide, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside, genipin, and crocetin in the rat plasma. The LLOQs for determination of all five components were 10 ng/mL. The accuracies of intraday and interday were in the range of 91%–105%. The recoveries of 5 analytes

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Chen, Kuo-Yu, and Si-Ying Zeng. "Fabrication of Quaternized Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Tripolyphosphate/Genipin Dual Cross-Linkers as a Protein Delivery System." Polymers 10, no. 11 (2018): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10111226.

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Various amounts of 2-((acryloyloxy)ethyl)trimethylammonium chloride were grafted onto chitosan (CS) via redox polymerization method to obtain water-soluble quaternized CS (QCS). The QCS nanoparticles loaded with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were then produced by ionic gelation with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and further covalently cross-linked with genipin. The formation of QCS nanoparticles was optimized as a function of monomer grafting yield, QCS/TPP weight ratio, and QCS/genipin weight ratio by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. The results showed that QCS nanoparticles prepare

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Ge, Hongshan, Fan Zhang, Dan Shan, et al. "Effects of Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 Inhibition by Genipin in Human Cumulus Cells." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/323246.

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UCP2 plays a physiological role by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, maintaining energy balance, ROS elimination, and regulating cellular autophagy in numerous tissues. But the exact roles of UCP2 in cumulus cells are still not clear. Genipin, a special UCP2 inhibitor, was added into the cultural medium to explore the roles of UCP2 in human cumulus cells. There were no significant differences in ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential levels in cumulus cells from UCP2 inhibiting groups as compared with the control. The levels of ROS and Mn-SOD were markedly elevated after UCP2 inhibited Ge

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Lyons, Lucas P., Sofia Hidalgo Perea, J. Brice Weinberg, Jocelyn R. Wittstein, and Amy L. McNulty. "Meniscus-Derived Matrix Bioscaffolds: Effects of Concentration and Cross-Linking on Meniscus Cellular Responses and Tissue Repair." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 1 (2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010044.

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Meniscal injuries, particularly in the avascular zone, have a low propensity for healing and are associated with the development of osteoarthritis. Current meniscal repair techniques are limited to specific tear types and have significant risk for failure. In previous work, we demonstrated the ability of meniscus-derived matrix (MDM) scaffolds to augment the integration and repair of an in vitro meniscus defect. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of percent composition and dehydrothermal (DHT) or genipin cross-linking of MDM bioscaffolds on primary meniscus cellular respo

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Cunha, Rafael Braga da, João Emidio da Silva Neto, Bruna de Freitas Leite, José Filipe Bacalhau Rodrigues, Maria Roberta de Oliveira Pinto, and Marcus Vinicius Lia Fook. "Obtenção, caracterização e uso de genipina como agente reticulante de hidrogeis de quitosana." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 10 (2021): e183101018711. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18711.

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Uma variedade de hidrogéis, que correspondem a uma classe de materiais poliméricos altamente hidratados, estão sendo empregados como biomateriais. De modo particular, hidrogéis de quitosana, destaca-se por ser uma matriz adesiva que apresenta, propriedades antibacterianas, osteogênicas e não toxidade. E são capazes de reter, liberar e distribuir agentes terapêuticos no local de aplicação. A produção de hidrogéis à base de quitosana tem sido alcançada por meio da mistura de soluções de quitosana com agentes reticulantes ou polímeros carregados sob condições de reações específicas. O reagente ma

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Rocha, M. Angélica M., Manuel A. Coimbra, Sílvia M. Rocha, and Cláudia Nunes. "Impact of Chitosan-Genipin Films on Volatile Profile of Wine along Storage." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (2021): 6294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146294.

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Chitosan-genipin films have been proposed for preservation of white wine, maintaining their varietal key odorants and organoleptic characteristics of sulfur dioxide treated wines. Nevertheless, these wines showed aroma notes that slightly distinguish them. It is possible that during the contact of films with wine for at least 2 months, after fermentation and prior to bottling, interactions or chemical reactions are promoted. In this work, wine model solutions with volatile compounds in contact with chitosan-genipin films were performed to evaluate their evolution along time. To complement thes

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Hunt, Stephanie, Jonathan Kuo, Fabio A. Aristizabal, Matt Brown, Abhijit Patwardhan, and Thomas Hedman. "Soft Palate Modification Using a Collagen Crosslinking Reagent for Equine Dorsal Displacement of the Soft Palate and Other Upper Airway Breathing Disorders." International Journal of Biomaterials 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9310890.

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The mechanical properties of the soft palate can be associated with breathing abnormalities. Dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) is a naturally occurring equine soft palate disorder caused by displacement of the caudal edge of the soft palate. Snoring and a more serious, sometimes life-threatening, condition called obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are forms of sleep-related breathing disorders in humans which may involve the soft palate. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of injecting the protein crosslinker genipin into the soft palate to modify its mechanical propert

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Ninh, Chi, Aimon Iftikhar, Madeline Cramer, and Christopher J. Bettinger. "Diffusion–reaction models of genipin incorporation into fibrin networks." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 22 (2015): 4607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb02025a.

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Genipin, a naturally occurring small molecule from gardenia plant, has potential applications as a compound to stabilize clots for many embolization strategies. This work uses a combination of data and predictive frameworks to provide forward guidance in designing controlled release strategies that use genipin for clot stabilization.

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Yen, Yun-He, Wang-Chuan Chen, Satoshi Hayakawa, and Chiang-Ting Chien. "In-Chern-Hau-Tang and Genipin Reduces Acute Urinary Bladder Distension Evoked Sympathetic Activation-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 37, no. 02 (2009): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x09006886.

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Increased norepinephrine production by acute urine retention (AUR) induced sympathetic activation may contribute to acute liver injury (ALI) via the action of hepatic vasoconstriction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We evaluated whether In-Chern-Hau-Tang, a hepatoprotective herb medicine, and its major ingredient genipin, may ameliorate norepinephrine-induced liver injury in the rat. We determined the effects of In-Chern-Hau-Tang and genipin on norepinephrine-induced oxidative stress in the Kupffer and endothelial cells and AUR-induced ALI in the rat via a chemiluminesc

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Li, Chunnan, Meng Lan, Jingwei Lv, et al. "Screening of the Hepatotoxic Components in Fructus Gardeniae and Their Effects on Rat Liver BRL-3A Cells." Molecules 24, no. 21 (2019): 3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213920.

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Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is a common Chinese medicine and food. However, the toxicity of FG has drawn increasing concern, especially its hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to screen the hepatotoxic components of FG and evaluate their effects on rat liver BRL-3A cells. The chemical composition of FG was determined by HPLC-ESI-MS. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of ten chemical components from FG, and then the toxic components with significant inhibitory activity were selected for further study. The results showed that geniposide, genipin, genipin-1-gentiobioside, gard

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Sulistiawati, Yanti Rusyanti, Ina Hendiani, Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno, and Zavani Nur Hikmah. "Effect of 0.1% Genipin as a Crosslinking Agent to Degradability of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF)." Key Engineering Materials 829 (December 2019): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.829.258.

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Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was developed as a barrier membrane in periodontal regenerative therapy. It is known that PRF has a sustained released of growth factor and expected to facilitate the tissue regeneration. Since the PRF membranes have a rapid degradability (1-2 weeks), the regenerative therapy using a PRF membrane should be increased to reduce the degradability using a crosslinking agent which could provide resistance against enzymatic degradation. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of 0.1% genipin as a crosslinking agent to degradability of PRF. PRF membranes were prepare

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Monteiro, Aliny Abreu de Sousa, Ana Rosa Richter, Jeanny da Silva Maciel, Judith Pessoa Andrade Feitosa, Haroldo César Beserra Paula, and Regina Célia Monteiro de Paula. "Efeito da modificação química na solubilidade e intumescimento de microesferas à base de goma do cajueiro carboximetilada e quitosana." Polímeros 25, spe (2015): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.1779.

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Resumo Esferas de goma do cajueiro carboximetilada e quitosana foram produzidas via complexação polieletrolítica. As esferas foram modificadas quimicamente de modo a obter-se sistemas estáveis em meio ácido e que apresentassem uma resposta de intumescimento diferenciado frente à variação de pH. As esferas foram modificadas por reacetilação da quitosana e por reticulação com epicloridrina, glutaraldeído e genipina. As esferas reticuladas foram caracterizadas por meio de técnicas como: espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho, análise termogravimétrica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e q

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Feng, Xin, Hongjie Dai, Liang Ma, et al. "Food-Grade Gelatin Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Preliminary Application for Stabilizing Pickering Emulsions." Foods 8, no. 10 (2019): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8100479.

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In this paper, the food-grade gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared by a two-step desolvation method and using genipin as a cross-linker. The GNPs with narrow size distribution and good dispersion could be obtained only at pH 12. The effect of the genipin dosage (8–12 wt%) on the GNPs was systematically investigated. The results showed that the cross-linking degree of the GNPs increased with the increasing dosage of genipin, thus leading to a more obvious cross-linking morphology observed from scanning electron microscope (SEM). The obtained GNPs showed a good dispersibility with a size r

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Khalil, Khalilah Abdul, Suhaimi Mustafa, Rosfarizan Mohammad, et al. "Encapsulation of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Strain G4 within Bovine Gelatin-Genipin-Sodium Alginate Combinations: Optimisation Approach Using Face Central Composition Design-Response Surface Methodology (FCCD-RSM)." International Journal of Microbiology 2019 (April 10, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4208986.

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Bovine gelatin is a biopolymer which has good potential to be used in encapsulating matrices for probiotic candidate Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum strain G4 (G4) because of its amphoteric nature characteristic. Beads were prepared by the extrusion method using genipin and sodium alginate as a cross-linking agent. The optimisation of bovine gelatin-genipin-sodium alginate combinations was carried out using face central composition design (FCCD) to investigate G4 beads’ strength, before and after exposed to simulated gastric (SGF), intestinal fluids (SIF), and encapsulation yield. A result o

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Yang, Dan, Min Zhou, Wanxing Wei, Honglin Zhu, and Xiwang Fan. "Preparation of a genipin blue from egg protein and genipin." Natural Product Research 26, no. 8 (2011): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2010.547859.

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Zhang, Yue, Xian Xian Shi, Yi Feng Yu, and Yong Xing Song. "Study on the Preparation of Repaglinide Chitosan Microspheres with Genipin." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.252.

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In this paper, the repaglinide chitosan microsphere crosslinked with genipin was prepared by emulsification-chemical crosslinking method, and chitosan is used as coating materials, genipin as a crosslinking agent, repaglinide as active agent, span-80 as emulsifier. The prepared microspheres were also characterized by SEM, IR and DSC. The encapsulation efficiency of repaglinide microsphere was 4.4% and the drug loading was 21.9%.

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Shortridge, Colin, Ehsan Akbari Fakhrabadi, Leah M. Wuescher, Randall G. Worth, Matthew W. Liberatore, and Eda Yildirim-Ayan. "Impact of Digestive Inflammatory Environment and Genipin Crosslinking on Immunomodulatory Capacity of Injectable Musculoskeletal Tissue Scaffold." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031134.

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The paracrine and autocrine processes of the host response play an integral role in the success of scaffold-based tissue regeneration. Recently, the immunomodulatory scaffolds have received huge attention for modulating inflammation around the host tissue through releasing anti-inflammatory cytokine. However, controlling the inflammation and providing a sustained release of anti-inflammatory cytokine from the scaffold in the digestive inflammatory environment are predicated upon a comprehensive understanding of three fundamental questions. (1) How does the release rate of cytokine from the sca

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Merk, Markus, Orlando Chirikian, and Christian Adlhart. "3D PCL/Gelatin/Genipin Nanofiber Sponge as Scaffold for Regenerative Medicine." Materials 14, no. 8 (2021): 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14082006.

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Recent advancements in tissue engineering and material science have radically improved in vitro culturing platforms to more accurately replicate human tissue. However, the transition to clinical relevance has been slow in part due to the lack of biologically compatible/relevant materials. In the present study, we marry the commonly used two-dimensional (2D) technique of electrospinning and a self-assembly process to construct easily reproducible, highly porous, three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds for various tissue engineering applications. Specimens from biologically relevant polymers

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Chen, Hongmei, Wei Ouyang, Christopher Martoni, and Satya Prakash. "Genipin Cross-Linked Polymeric Alginate-Chitosan Microcapsules for Oral Delivery: In-Vitro Analysis." International Journal of Polymer Science 2009 (2009): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/617184.

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We have previously reported the preparation of the genipin cross-linked alginate-chitosan (GCAC) microcapsules composed of an alginate core with a genipin cross-linked chitosan membrane. This paper is the further investigation on their structural and physical characteristics. Results showed that the GCAC microcapsules had a smooth and dense surface and a networked interior. Cross-linking by genipin substantially reduced swelling and physical disintegration of microcapsules induced by nongelling ions and calcium sequestrants. Strong resistance to mechanical shear forces and enzymatic degradatio

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Zhu, Shuang-Qian, An-Peng Pan, Lin-Yan Zheng, Yue Wu, and An-Quan Xue. "Posterior scleral reinforcement using genipin-cross-linked sclera for macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes." British Journal of Ophthalmology 102, no. 12 (2018): 1701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311340.

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Background/aimsTo investigate the surgical outcomes of posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) using genipin-cross-linked sclera to treat macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in highly myopic eyes.MethodsNineteen patients with high myopia (19 eyes) with MHRD were treated sequentially with genipin-cross-linked PSR and were followed at least for 1 year after the surgery. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), axial length (AL), optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcomes and the complications were evaluated.ResultsMacular hole was closed in 73.7% of the eyes, foveal reattachment rate was 100%.

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Koch, Holger, Cora Graneist, Frank Emmrich, et al. "Xenogenic Esophagus Scaffolds Fixed with Several Agents: ComparativeIn VivoStudy of Rejection and Inflammation." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/948320.

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Most infants with long-gap esophageal atresia receive an esophageal replacement with tissue from stomach or colon, because the native esophagus is too short for true primary repair. Tissue-engineered esophageal conducts could present an attractive alternative. In this paper, circular decellularized porcine esophageal scaffold tissues were implanted subcutaneously into Sprague-Dawley rats. Depending on scaffold cross-linking with genipin, glutaraldehyde, and carbodiimide (untreated scaffolds : positive control; bovine pericardium : gold standard), the number of infiltrating fibroblasts, lymphoc

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Li, Kuang-Dai, Kuo Yan, Qiang-Song Wang, et al. "Antidepressant-like effects of dietary gardenia blue pigment derived from genipin and tyrosine." Food & Function 10, no. 8 (2019): 4533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9fo00480g.

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Eslahi, Niloofar, Abdolreza Simchi, Morteza Mehrjoo, Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar, and Shahin Bonakdar. "Hybrid cross-linked hydrogels based on fibrous protein/block copolymers and layered silicate nanoparticles: tunable thermosensitivity, biodegradability and mechanical durability." RSC Advances 6, no. 67 (2016): 62944–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra08563f.

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Liang, Hua Zheng, He Chen, Jian Feng Wang, and Yu Lan He. "Preparation of Genipin by Hydrolysis of Geniposide with Co-Immobilized Enzyme." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 1793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1793.

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Co-immobilize enzyme by cross-linking and embedding, optimize conditions for immobilizing, determinate the enzymatic properties of co-immobilized enzyme and study the methods for preparation of genipin using co-immobilized enzyme to hydrolyze geniposide. Optimized immobilizing conditions include glutaraldehyde concentration being 0.15%, cross-linking temperature being 20°C, cross-linking time being 2 hours, the activity of co-immobilized β-glucosidase and cell reaches to 65.33U/mg and the enzyme activity recovery being 52.63%. Enzymatic properties of co-immobilized enzyme are following: optimu

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Náthia-Neves, Grazielle, Ádina L. Santana, Juliane Viganó, Julian Martínez, and Maria Angela A. Meireles. "Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Semi-Defatted Unripe Genipap (Genipa americana L.): Selective Conditions for the Recovery of Natural Colorants." Processes 9, no. 8 (2021): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081435.

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Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of semi-defatted unripe genipap (SDG) using supercritical CO2 was performed to enhance the recovery of natural colorant iridoids genipin and geniposide. There are currently few natural sources of iridoids, and their application as colorants is scarce. The UAE resulted in extracts with blue and green colors using water and ethanol, respectively. The highest global yield and genipin content was recovered with water, and the geniposide was significantly recovered with ethanol. With water at 450 W, the UAE raised the maximum global yield (25.50 g/100 g raw mate

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Szczepański, Tomasz, Sławomir Zubański, Antoni Siejca, Urszula Więckiewicz, Krzysztof Klemczak, and Patryk Brzeziński. "Developing fingermarks on porous surfaces with the use of genipin in the gaseous phase." Issues of Forensic Science 294 (2016): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34836/pk.2016.294.4.

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The article presents the results of studies on the method of sensibilizing dactyloscopic traces directly from the gaseous phase. The detection of dactyloscopic traces on absorbtive surfaces requires specific revealing methods, whose essential aspect is the need to deliver reagent to the place of occurrence of the corresponding component of trace forming substance. In practice, for many years, various types of solutions have been used for this purpose, such as DFO, ninhydrin and 1,2-indanedione. Within the framework of this study, research was carried out on revealing fingerprints on absorptive

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Nunes, Cláudia, Élia Maricato, Ângela Cunha, et al. "Chitosan–genipin film, a sustainable methodology for wine preservation." Green Chemistry 18, no. 19 (2016): 5331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01621a.

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Okada, Kosuke, Junichi Shoda, Masahito Kano, et al. "Inchinkoto, a herbal medicine, and its ingredients dually exert Mrp2/MRP2-mediated choleresis and Nrf2-mediated antioxidative action in rat livers." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 292, no. 5 (2007): G1450—G1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00302.2006.

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Inchinkoto (ICKT), a herbal medicine, has been recognized in Japan and China as a “magic bullet” for jaundice. To explore potent therapeutic agents for cholestasis, the effects of ICKT or its ingredients on multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2/ MRP2)-mediated choleretic activity, as well as on antioxidative action, were investigated using rats and chimeric mice with livers that were almost completely repopulated with human hepatocytes. Biliary excretion of Mrp2 substrates and the protein mass, subcellular localization, and mRNA level of Mrp2 were assessed in rats after 1-wk oral adm

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