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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Genocide convention of 1948'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Montgomery, Betsy. "Explaining the ineffectiveness of the Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide the leadership of the hegemon /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11042007-191946/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. John Duffield, committee chair; Kim Reimann, Charles Hankla, committee members. Electronic text (45 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 6, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-45).

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2

Lewis, Mark. "International legal movements against war crimes, terrorism, and genocide, 1919-1948." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1710343761&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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3

Dakessian, Rodney. "Les effets juridiques des massacres commis contre les Armeniens en 1915 et leurs modes de resolutions judiciaires et extrajudiciaires possibles." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30096/document.

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Ma thèse vise en premier ressort à étudier toutes les questions juridiques concernant la ‘question arménienne’.D’abord, le sujet de l’existence des éléments du crime de génocide en 1915 au niveau du droit international conventionnel a été notre première question à étudier. Ensuite, il était indispensable d’étudier la nature du crime commis envers les Arméniens ottomans en 1915.En plus, est-ce que l’Etat Turc actuel peut-il être responsable d’un crime commis par l’Empire ottoman, selon le principe de la succession d’Etats en droit international, surtout que l’Etat Turc n’était créé qu’en 1923 ? Et en cas de l’existence de cette responsabilité, est-ce que l’Arménie a droit à l’action en responsabilité, surtout qu’au moment de la perpétration du crime, il n’y avait pas un Etat Arménien ? Les victimes étaient des ressortissants de l’Empire ottoman mais d’origine arménienne. Donc il faudra étudier la qualité de l’Arménie pour agir en justice, par des moyens judiciaires ou extrajudiciaires, vis-à-vis surtout du principe de la non-rétroactivité des traités, surtout que dans notre cas, le crime a été perpétré en 1915, alors que la Convention sur le génocide n’a été promulguée qu’en 1948.En fait, notre thèse vise en dernier ressort à rapprocher les deux pays et mettre fin réellement au conflit entre eux, à percevoir ce qui les rassemblent et non ce qui les divisent, et trouver une solution équitable et objective pour les deux pays afin de contribuer à mettre fin à leur litige historique, et cela à travers une étude réaliste, impartiale et basée sur la logique et la nature des choses et des circonstances du fait existantes
The main purpose of my thesis is to study all the legal issues concerning the 'Armenian question'.First, the existence of the elements of the crime of genocide in 1915 at the conventional international law, made our first question to consider. Then, it was necessary to study the nature of the crime committed against the Ottoman Armenians in 1915.In addition, can Turkey be responsible for a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire, according to the principle of succession of States in international law, especially that the Turkish state was created in 1923?And in case of such responsibility, has Armenia the right to maintain a lawsuit against Turkey, especially at the time of the crime, there was no Armenian state?The victims were citizens of the Ottoman Empire but of Armenian descent.Also, the quality of Armenia to take legal action, by judicial or extrajudicial processes, must be studied, regarding especially to the principle of non-retroactivity of treaties, especially that in our case, the crime was committed in 1915, while the Genocide Convention was enacted in 1948.In fact, our thesis aims ultimately to bring the two countries closer and actually try to help reach the end of the conflict between them, perceive what gather them and not what divides them, and find a fair and objective solution for both countries, in order to help put an end to their historic dispute, and that through a realistic and impartial study, based on logic and the nature of things and the circumstances of the existing

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4

Montgomery, Betsy Lynn. "Explaining the Ineffectiveness of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide: The Leadership of the Hegemon." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/political_science_theses/17.

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This thesis examines the role of the hegemon in the international response to genocide. The study looks specifically at the role of the United States and the post Cold War cases of genocide to determine how the United States encouraged or discouraged a response to genocide. By using the plausibility probe method, this study finds that the role of the hegemon is an important one that should be studied further to understand the impact of the hegemon on the international response to genocide.

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5

Bantekas, Ilias. "Principles of individual responsibilty for violations of international humanitarian law after the ICTY." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489897.

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6

Paul, Angela. "Kritische Analyse und Reformvorschlag zu Art. II Genozidkonvention = Critical Analysis and Proposal for the Revision of Art. II of the Genocide Convention (English Summary) /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3070109&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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7

Rothschild, Amanda J. "Out of the Nuremberg Nightmare: the Genocide Convention's Failure and the Efficacy of the Responsibility to Protect." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2230.

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Thesis advisor: Donald Hafner
Thesis advisor: Timothy Crawford
This Scholar of the College senior honors thesis moves beyond moral pronouncements and the vague excuse of international "lack of will" for genocide intervention to introduce an inductive typology identifying practical, specific factors responsible for the world's repeated unwillingness to intervene during genocide under the obligations of the 1948 Genocide Convention. Drawing on original, classified documents contained in the UN Office at Geneva, the thesis proposes methods of mitigating the influence of these factors and evaluates the degree to which the Responsibility to Protect, a new humanitarian intervention norm, attenuates or exacerbates the causes of non-intervention. The project was awarded the John McCarthy S.J. Award for the most distinguished Scholar of the College senior thesis in the Social Sciences at Boston College
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science

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8

Mundorff, Kurt. "Taking 2(E) seriously : forcible child transfers and the convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31682.

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The 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Article 2(e) declares that the forcible transfer of children from a protected group to another group is an act that amounts to genocide when it is conducted "with intent to destroy" the group, "as such," at least "in part." Although listed co-equally with mass killing and forced sterilizations, and despite what appear to be repeated violations of this provision, forcible child transfers have received little attention. Utilizing various sources of international law, this thesis establishes the prima facie elements that must be satisfied in alleging an Article 2(e) violation. These sources include the emerging international case law on genocide, general legal principles, scholarly opinions, and the Genocide Convention's preparatory materials. The preparatory materials indicate that the Genocide Convention was intended to provide robust protections to specific types of human groups, and that protecting the group's right to retain custody and control over its children was considered central to those protections. Recent opinions from the International Court of Justice, as well as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda also recognize the Genocide Convention's robust group protections. Accordingly, they recognize a group right of existence and protect groups not as mere collections of individuals who happen to share similar traits, but as functional "separate and distinct entities." This implies broad and deep protections for the groups that have been targeted for forcible child transfers as it protects each functional subgroup, even where there is no larger intent to destroy the entire group, and protects against the targeting of a specific segment within a group, such as its leadership or its children. This thesis also considers the mens rea of genocide, finding that mixed intents or beneficent motivations will not excuse an otherwise genocidal act. Both the general principles of law and the existing case law on genocide generally prohibit consideration of the perpetrator's motivation in assessing the criminality of proscribed actions. Finally, the forcible child transfer programs in question have been defended on grounds that they could not amount to genocide because they were actually "cultural genocide," which is said to be excused from the Genocide Convention's prohibitions, or because they were conducted to assimilate the children, and therefore cannot constitute genocide. International courts have ratified the International Law Commission stance that the Genocide Convention does not encompass acts of cultural genocide. However, applying existing law, it appears that these programs were not instances of cultural genocide, but instead amounted to physical or biological genocide, categories of genoicidal destruction that the Genocide Convention certainly prohibits. Similarly, far from excusing these actions, the fact that they were committed in the context of a broader assimilation scheme may actually help prove genocide. This broader assimilative context is similar to the discriminatory treatment and acts of cultural destruction from which courts have inferred the specific intent to commit genocide.
Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate

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9

Mattsson, Per-Göran. "Den politiska maktens bruk, missbruk och icke-bruk av historien : En analys av debatten om Sveriges och EU:s erkännande, samt Turkiets förnekande, av folkmordet på armenier, assyrier/syrianer/kaldéer,och pontiska greker 1915-1917." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-3529.

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This essay is about use, misuse and non-use of history in politics. To recognize genocide is a use of history that has been established in politics, but also sparked debate. The position of non-use of history in international policy towards Turkey's denial policy has increasingly been replaced by recognition of genocide as a matter of making up with the story, moral consider, and where fundamental issues of culture, identity, history and morality has become guiding element in the discourse behind European expansion and integration policies. A breakthrough for this change is due to the Cold War's end; since the 1980s it has become possible to realize the humanitarianism which has its roots in the Enlightenment humanism underlying the United Nations, and later the EU conventions on human rights and genocide conventions. A genocide concept has become an important discourse in world politics that puts moral pressure on states to act. Parliamentary recognition of the genocide of the Armenians, Assyrians / Syrians / Chaldeans and Pontic Greeks, is partly redress for the victims and their descendants, but also an opportunity for reconciliation.

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10

duCille, F. Ann. "Coupling and convention : marriage, sex and subjectivity in novels by and about African American women, 1853-1948." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:ssbe&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_dat=xri:ssbe:ft:keyresource:ReidPh_Diss_05.

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11

Sinik, Irena. "FN:s förhållningssätt till brott mot mänskligheten : En kvalitativ studie om hur FN handlat i Srebrenica och varför folkmordet inte kunnat förhindras." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79565.

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The aim of this study is to investigate how the UN has acted in preventive measures regarding the genocide in Srebrenica. However, the UN contributions in conflict has not always been successful nor effective regarding the prevention of crimes against humanity. Nonetheless, the conflict in former Yugoslavia and the genocide in Srebrenica constitutes a prime example of when UN failed in its role as upholder of human rights, peace and stability. The intriguing part in the case of Srebrenica was the international presence of UN peacekeepers that were situated in the village when the crimes took place. The substantial core of this study is therefor to determine why the UN failed so massively in protecting civilians in Srebrenica by preventing a genocide. Further, to examine the whys and hows, it is of considerable importance to clarify the structure of relevant UN-organs and conventions that holds authority in interventions. Therefor, the study mainly issues the UN Security Council, the UN Charter and the Genocide Convention regarding the structure and capacity in preventive measures. As for the empirical material covered, it is mainly retrieved from official documents and academic literature. The material presented is thereby analyzed in accordance with the theoretical framework to understand why the UN failed to prevent genocide from occurring in Srebrenica. The study draws the conclusion that the UN lacked extensive assessments regarding needed actions and misjudged the nature of the conflict.

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12

倫子, 後藤, and Rinko Goto. "1951年「ジェノサイド条約に対する留保勧告的意見」にみるジェノサイド条約の解釈 : 条約当事国意思を軸に." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13158462/?lang=0, 2021. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13158462/?lang=0.

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本稿は、条約解釈規則を分析軸として、国際司法裁判所によるジェノサイド条約の判断が、条約当事国の意思に従っているのかについて検討する。本稿では、国際司法裁判所の判例の中でも、1951年「ジェノサイド条約の留保」勧告的意見に限定した結果、分析軸となる条約解釈規則も、当該勧告的意見当時の条約解釈規則に限定している。
This article examines by means of the rules of treaty interpretation whether the decisions of Genocide Convention by the International Court of Justice follows the intentions of the parties to the Convention. It focuses on Advisory Opinion of Resevations to the Convention on Genocide in Cases of the Court, so the rules are limited to them of those times.
博士(法学)
Doctor of Laws
同志社大学
Doshisha University

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13

Gelle, Devan. "‘Where Do We Go from Here?’: Discourse in Louisiana Surrounding the Foundation of the State of Israel, May 1948." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2606.

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A study of ten Louisiana newspapers during May 15-31,1948 revealed a period in which articles varied in their coverage of the Arab-Israeli conflict and wider international relations. Discourse about Arabs and Israelis which became evident in newspapers in later years had emerged but was not fully developed. This coverage revealed a silence about the Holocaust and a subtext about the United Nations.

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14

Balke, Laura. ""Kultureller Genozid" als potenzieller Straftatbestand." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-236081.

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„We need to defend culture – source of resilience and resistance, of belonging and identity – as a wellspring to rebuild and restore normality in societies in crisis” – mit diesem Aufruf forderte die ehemalige UNESCO-Generaldirektorin Irina Bokova eine Reaktion der internationalen Gemeinschaft auf die Schändungen materieller und immaterieller Kulturgüter durch die Terrormiliz IS im Irak und Syrien. So besteht Palmyra – Symbol kultureller Vielfalt und interkulturellen Dialogs – zwar in seinen Grundfesten fort, die Zerstörung von Statuen, Vandalismus an prähistorischen Tempeln und Sprengungen des Triumphbogens lassen Experten jedoch schlussfolgern: „Palmyra remains, but its legacy is forever transformed“. Die Zerstörung materiellen Kulturerbes bildet längst nicht alle Schandtaten der Terrormiliz ab; gleichzeitig trachtet sie nach der Zerstörung der distinkten Kultur ganzer Volksgruppen. In ihren Angriffen auf die Jesiden blieb es nicht bei der Zerstörung heiliger Schreine. Auch immaterielle Ausdrucksformen von Kultur sind Gegenstand systematischer Angriffe. Durch Zerstörung materieller und immaterieller Kulturgüter zeichnete der IS verantwortlich für „unprecedented cultural eradication“. Irina Bokova folgerte, „we are witnessing what can be described as ‚cultural cleansing‘ on an unprecedented scale.“ Eine wichtige Rolle in der Bestrebung, die Kulturen der Welt vor solchen Gräueltaten zu schützen, kommt der strafrechtlichen Ahndung letzterer zu. Vor diesem Hintergrund hält der Terminus kultureller Genozid Einzug in die Debatten. Die vorliegende Abhandlung führt zunächst in das Konzept kulturellen Genozids ein und analysiert seinen Status nach geltendem Recht. Daraufhin erfolgt eine Analyse der neueren Völkerrechtspraxis, um festzustellen, inwiefern im Hinblick auf die rechtliche Behandlung des kulturellen Genozids Reformbedarf besteht. Sodann werden Reformmöglichkeiten vorgestellt und bewertet. Am Ende dieses Beitrages soll ein Überblick über den Mehrwert eines potenziellen Straftatbestands kulturellen Genozids und zukünftige Schritte in Reaktion auf die derzeit von Extremisten begangenen Verbrechen an Kultur stehen.

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15

Paul, Angela [Verfasser]. "Kritische Analyse und Reformvorschlag zu Art. II Genozidkonvention = Critical analysis and proposal for the revision of art. II of the Genocide Convention / Max-Planck-Institut für Ausländisches Öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht. Angela Paul." Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988875071/34.

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16

Casiez-Piolot, Lenaïg. "La responsabilité de prévenir." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0329/document.

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La responsabilité de protéger est une notion que l’on associe souvent à l’ingérence, entendue comme le recours à la force contre la souveraineté d’un État. En réalité, la responsabilité de protéger se divise en trois volets distincts : la responsabilité de prévenir, de réagir et de reconstruire. Si la plupart des études portent sur le volet réactif de la responsabilité de protéger, il s’agit ici d’examiner la notion sous son angle préventif. Construite à partir du rapport de la Commission internationale de l'intervention et de la souveraineté des États et du document final du sommet mondial de 2005, la responsabilité de prévenir propose un modèle de prévention des crimes de masse. Celui-ci repose sur un dispositif spécifique au sein duquel des acteurs sont en charge de la prévention, et agissent selon un mécanisme identifié. Ce modèle formel qu’offre la responsabilité de prévenir permet de l’envisager comme un véritable outil d’un droit international de la prévention. L’examen du bilan de la responsabilité de prévenir met en lumière des réussites patentes ainsi que des succès plus discrets. Plus encore qu’un résultat visible dans les faits, la responsabilité de prévenir est un réel adjuvant au droit existant. Elle offre une voie supplémentaire pour prévenir et vient renforcer l’obligation de prévenir le génocide, telle qu’elle apparaît dans la Convention pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide de 1948
The responsibility to protect is a concept that is often associated with intervention, understood as the use of force against the State sovereignty. In reality, the responsibility to protect is divided into three distinct components: the responsibility to prevent, react and rebuild. While most studies focus on the reactive element of the responsibility to protect, this study will focus on the preventing aspect of this concept. Built on the report of the International commission on intervention and state sovereignty and the 2005 World summit outcome, the responsibility to prevent proposes a model for the prevention of mass crimes. This is based on a specific process within which operators are in charge of prevention, and act according to an identified mechanism. This formal model of the responsibility to prevent makes it possible to foresee it as a true tool of an international law of prevention. A review of the assessment of the responsibility to prevent highlights both the apparent successes and also the more discreet achievements. Even more than a visible factual result, the responsibility to prevent is a real addition to the existing law. It provides a complementary approach to prevent and reinforce the obligation to prevent genocide, as it appears in the 1948 Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide

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17

Jacobs, Anthony Richard. "Flying in the face of convention: "The heart of redness" as rehabilitative of the South African pastoral literary tradition through the frame of universal myth." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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This thesis analyzed Zakes Mda's The Heart of redness in the tradition of South African pastoral and counter-pastoral. It proposed that the novel is a hybrid of both African and European tradition and perspectives. It adduced Northrop Frye's theory of myth and archetypes in literature as a basis for study. It also analysed the novel in its use of irony.

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18

Oliveira, Santos Claudia Susann de [Verfasser]. "Der Bedeutungsgehalt der Wendung ›intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such‹ in Art. 2 der Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. / Claudia Susann de Oliveira Santos." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1238444415/34.

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19

Haldorson, Harvey Marcel. "Genocide : a philosophic criticism of genocide as it is defined in the United Nations' Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide." Thesis, 1992. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/3361/1/MM80944.pdf.

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An attempt to add greater clarity and rigour to the concept of genocide. Criticisms focus on the role of intent in genocide, and also include other clarifications to both Articles II and III of the Genocide Convention.

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20

倫子, 後藤, and Rinko Goto. "1951年「ジェノサイド条約に対する留保勧告的意見」にみるジェノサイド条約の解釈 : 条約当事国意思を軸に." Thesis, 2003. http://id.nii.ac.jp/1707/00028143/.

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本稿は、条約解釈規則を分析軸として、国際司法裁判所によるジェノサイド条約の判断が、条約当事国の意思に従っているのかについて検討する。本稿では、国際司法裁判所の判例の中でも、1951年「ジェノサイド条約の留保」勧告的意見に限定した結果、分析軸となる条約解釈規則も、当該勧告的意見当時の条約解釈規則に限定している。
This article examines by means of the rules of treaty interpretation whether the decisions of Genocide Convention by the International Court of Justice follows the intentions of the parties to the Convention. It focuses on Advisory Opinion of Resevations to the Convention on Genocide in Cases of the Court, so the rules are limited to them of those times.
博士(法学)
Doctor of Laws
同志社大学
Doshisha University

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21

Overmier, Kimberly. "The Clinton Administration's Use of Hermeneutic Opportunities in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide During the Bosnia and Rwanda Genocides." 2014. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_theses/108.

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This thesis explores the hermeneutic opportunities in the United Nations’ human rights documents which are used by states, like the United States, to rhetorically circumvent the responsibilities the documents place on U.N. member states. The way these opportunities are strategically used is examined through case studies of the Clinton administration attempts to evade involvement in the Bosnian and Rwandan genocides. News conferences, press briefings and speeches are used to do a rhetorical analysis of Clinton’s strategy in order to determine how that strategy was shaped by the constraints and opportunities of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.

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22

ČERMÁKOVÁ, Irena. "Dodržování ženevských úmluv a Dodatkových protokolů v ozbrojených konfliktech od roku 1990." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188859.

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The armed conflicts to humanity for centuries. Almost always the reason for armed conflict dominion over certain territories. If we focus on armed conflicts closest to us history, it is clear that these include first and second World War. These two wars have caused thousands of deaths on all sides and great hardship of the civilian population. After World War II it seemed that the end of armed conflicts. Nevertheless, followed by the war in Korea or Vietnam, where once again innocent civilians died. But this is more than fifty years of history. Unfortunately, the armed conflict is still repeated, and since 1990 there were more than a hundred and twenty. Although not a war of such magnitude, which is involved in the entire world, but they have also been responsible for hundreds of deaths. The trend of conflict after the Cold War is undoubtedly the killing of civilians. Unfortunately, the loss ratio for the armed forces and civilians dramatically changed. Particularly in Africa are relatively small losses on fighting units. But civilians are dying by the hundreds of thousands. Reasons for armed conflict after the Cold War are different. In most cases, however, it is the territory and related ethnic cleansing, or wealth, which are eg. in Africa diamonds. The purpose of my thesis was draw attention to the constant threats to fundamental human rights in armed conflicts are totally ignored. The theoretical part describes international humanitarian law, which should be the basis for armed conflict. And describes the basic principles of international humanitarian law and the types of armed conflict under international humanitarian law. The theoretical part also describes some of the articles of the Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols to the armed conflict since 1990 are the most commonly used and are very serious. Due to the number of armed conflicts since 1990, which was more than 120, is shown in the work of ten selected armed conflicts. In selected conflicts are described various war crimes that were committed against the civilian population. These crimes are similar in countries that are a common culture or mentality. In African countries is the same crimes. The difference is mostly in scale committing these war crimes. The same is true even in the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia. In this thesis were consumed interviews with some participants armed conflicts, which greatly helps us to better understand the war crimes that were committed during the armed conflict. Processing and evaluation of the results was done in MS Word and MS Excel.

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23

Machado, Mariana Seabra. "Formas de comparticipação no Direito Penal Internacional : cumplicidade no crime de genocídio." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/9684.

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A cumplicidade no crime de Genocídio é um tema que provoca alguma controvérsia no seio da Comunidade Internacional. Saber se cumplicidade no Genocídio é um crime autónomo, ou uma forma de participação na atividade criminal, ou, por último, uma redundância ou sobreposição com a norma geral da ajuda e auxílio, continua a não criar consensos entre a doutrina e a jurisprudência internacionais. Neste sentido, tentar-se-á manifestar as diferentes opiniões e conclusões, a propósito. O tema trazido a discussão permitirá dissertar acerca de uma das questões mais importantes no direito penal internacional e que ainda continua sem resposta definitiva
Complicity in Genocide is an issue which raises some controversy within the International Community. To know whether complicity in Genocide is a separate crime, or a way of participation in criminal activity, or at last redundancy or overlap with the broad (general) standard of aiding and abetting, still continues not to reach consensus between the commentators and the international jurisprudence. In this sense, I will try to express the different opinions and conclusions, related to this subject. The topic brought to discussion will allow to dissert about one of the most important questions concerning international criminal law and which still remains without a definitive answer

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