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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Genome structure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Weintraub, Abraham S. (Abraham Selby). "Transcriptional regulation and genome structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117886.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 162 blink.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The regulation of gene expression is fundamental to the control of cell identity, development and disease. The control of gene transcription is a major point in the regulation of gene expression. Transcription is regulated by the binding of transcription factors to DNA regulatory elements known as enhancers and promoters. This leads to the formation of a DNA loop connecting the enhancer and the promoter resulting

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2

Trussart, Marie 1985. "Structure determination of mycoplasma pneumoniae genome." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/552940.

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Des de l’aparició de les tecnologies de seqüenciació d’alt rendiment, els conjunts de dades biològiques han esdevingut cada cop més grans i complexes, la qual cosa els fa pràcticament impossibles d’interpretar manualment. El paradigma de l’aprenentatge automàtic permet fer una anàlisi sistemàtica de les relacions i patrons existents en els conjuts de dades, tot aprofitant l’enorme volum de dades disponibles. No obstant això, una aplicació poc curosa dels principis bàsics de l’aprenentatge automàtic pot conduir a estimacions massa optimistes, un problema prevalent conegut com a sobreajust. En

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3

Axelsson, Tomas. "Evolution of polyploid Brassica genomes : genome structure and the evolution of duplicated genes /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5768-8.pdf.

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4

Windsor, Aaron J. "Transposons in Arabidopsis : structure, activity, genome restructuring." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38542.

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In the following study, I have investigated aberrant integration events of the maize Activator/Dissociation ( Ac/Ds) family of transposable elements (TEs) in Arabidopsis. The purpose of the study was twofold: (i) to identify sequence modifications associated with aberrant transposition that are informative regarding the mechanism of Ac/Ds transposition; and (ii) to extend our understanding of the mechanisms by which class II TEs can influence genome structure. This work focuses on a large inversion identified on chromosome II. A lone Ds element comprises one breakpoint of the inversion and the

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5

Wu, Huan-Lin. "Studies of protein structure and genome evolution." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432372.

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6

Majumdar, Rajrupa Sonali. "The conservation of genome structure in Salmonella typhi." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ48365.pdf.

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7

Weber, Claudia. "Genome structure and determinants of rates of evolution." Thesis, University of Bath, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557810.

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How might the process of meiotic crossing-over affect the evolution of sequences and genome structure? Much attention has been focussed on the notion that crossing-over modulates the efficacy of selection. Here, we consider how good the evidence for this is. Correlations between recombination and protein rates of evolution, commonly interpreted in the above framework, might be misleading for failing to remove the effects of covariates or misinterpreted by disregarding direct effects of recombination, such as biased gene conversion. Similarly, higher diversity commonly seen in highly recombinin

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8

Yamato, Katsuyuki. "Structure and Gene Expression of Rice Mitochondrial Genome." Kyoto University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78042.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(農学)<br>甲第5431号<br>農博第762号<br>新制||農||649(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H5||N2565(農学部図書室)<br>UT51-93-F188<br>京都大学大学院農学研究科農芸化学専攻<br>(主査)教授大山莞爾, 教授山田康之, 教授常脇恒一郎<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当

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9

MERONI, ALICE. "RNA IN DNA: FROM STRUCTURE TO GENOME INSTABILITY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/570097.

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The presence of RNA in the genome of living cells is one of the emerging topics of the last two decades and has been implicated in many biological processes. I focused my attention on ribonucleotides (rNMPs) embedded into DNA during genome duplication, as a threat to its integrity. In fact, rNMPs have been classified as the most frequent non-canonical nucleotides introduced during genome duplication by DNA polymerases. Such high incorporation frequency has been related to a physiological role in mismatch repair, but it can be easily turned into a source of genomic instability if rNMPs are not

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10

Neuditschko, Markus. "A whole-genome population structure analysis within cattle breeds." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-133991.

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11

Liang, Yajie. "Genome Structure of the Hairy-Root-Inducing Plasmid pRiA4b." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150895.

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12

Smith, I. R. L. "Genome structure and host interactions of Pieris granulosis viruses." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46627.

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13

Gunes, G. "Genome structure and instability associated with transposition in Streptomyces." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637187.

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Six IS<I>61200</I>-transposants, obtained by intermolecular transposition of IS<I>6100</I> into the 'right-hand' chromosome end of <I>S. lividans</I>, and carrying amplifications and deletions were examined to investigate transposition-induced genome alterations. For this, cosmid clones containing representative regions of the chromosome ends, from two individuals genomic cosmid libraries of <I>S. lividans</I> and <I>S. coelicolor</I> were used as Southern hybridization probes. The sizes of the chromosomal amplifications, produced as a result of transposition of IS<I>6100</I>, were found to va

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14

Ford, Kate E. "Genome structure and genetic diversity in Crambe L. Brassicaceae." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327518.

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15

Dunning, Ted Emerson. "Finding structure in text, genome and other symbolic sequences." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310811.

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16

Coleman, Maureen Lynn. "Structure and dynamics of genome-wide diversity in Prochlorococcus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43911.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The capability of microbes to thrive in myriad environments has its foundation in the diversity of microbial genomes. Here we explore adaptation and diversification through the lens of the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, which comprises a group of closely-related ecotypes that together perform most of the primary production in low-nutrient regions of the world oceans. Prochlorococcus was one of the first microbes in which a genomic basis

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17

Corless, Samuel. "Role of DNA supercoiling in genome structure and regulation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9623.

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A principle challenge of modern biology is to understand how the human genome is organised and regulated within a nucleus. The field of chromatin biology has made significant progress in characterising how protein and DNA modifications reflect transcription and replication state. Recently our lab has shown that the human genome is organised into large domains of altered DNA helical twist, called DNA supercoiling domains, similar to the regulatory domains observed in prokaryotes. In my PhD I have analysed how the maintenance and distribution of DNA supercoiling relates to biological function in

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18

Lubbe, Lizel. "Cloning and Expression of the M-Gene from the Human Coronavirus NL-63 in Different Expression Systems." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2721_1266364969.

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<p>In this study, the HCoV-NL63 genome was transcribed from RNA to DNA from which the M gene was amplified with various primers designed for use in specific expression systems. The various genes were cloned into the pGEM vector and confirmed by sequencing. The genes were now expressed in cloning vectors suited for each expression system (pFastBac for baculovirus expression, pFlexi for bacterial expression and pCMV for mammalian expression). Clones were sequenced for a second time. The recombinant clone in pFlexi was expressed in KRX cells and a 36hr time course was performed. The recombinant p

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19

Zuccolo, Andrea, John Bowers, James Estill, et al. "A physical map for the Amborella trichopoda genome sheds light on the evolution of angiosperm genome structure." BioMed Central, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610149.

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BACKGROUND:Recent phylogenetic analyses have identified Amborella trichopoda, an understory tree species endemic to the forests of New Caledonia, as sister to a clade including all other known flowering plant species. The Amborella genome is a unique reference for understanding the evolution of angiosperm genomes because it can serve as an outgroup to root comparative analyses. A physical map, BAC end sequences and sample shotgun sequences provide a first view of the 870 Mbp Amborella genome.RESULTS:Analysis of Amborella BAC ends sequenced from each contig suggests that the density of long ter

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20

McGuffin, Liam James. "Fully automated methods for protein fold recognition using predicted secondary structure." Thesis, Brunel University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269404.

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21

Kim, Yunjung. "Analysis of Multilocus Linkage Disequilibrium Structure in the Human Genome." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03132008-075346/.

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The International HapMap Project and high- throughput genotyping technology have generated millions of genome-wide marker data that can be used in genetic studies. Each marker can be analyzed separately. But analyzing multiple markers simultaneously through haplotypes has generated great interest recently. Understanding the haplotype structure in the human genome may provide important information on human evolutionary history and identification of genetic variants responsible for human complex diseases. Since the alleles at closely linked markers on a single chromosome are often in statistical

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22

Granseth, Erik. "Structure, prediction, evolution and genome wide studies of membrane proteins." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7027.

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23

Sandford, Richard N. "Studies on the structure of a novel compact vertebrate genome." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319320.

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24

Tiley, L. "Studies on the structure and function of the FMDV genome." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234358.

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25

Porter, Colin David. "Molluscum contagiosum virus : genome structure and mechanism of tumour genesis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47621.

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26

Butovskaya, Elena. "G-quadruplexes in the HIV-1 genome: structure and targeting." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422271.

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Nucleic acids may form non-canonical tetraplex secondary structures called G-quadruplexes. G-quadruplexes have been found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, including viruses. Located in key functional regions of genomes, G-quadruplexes play important regulatory roles in transcription, replication and translation processes. Particularly, G-quadruplex-mediated transcription regulation of oncogene promoters has been widely described. Previous studies demonstrated that a set of dynamic G-quadruplex structures in the promoter region of the HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeat (LTR) regulates viral tra

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27

Ma, Yue. "Double-strand breaks (DSBs) and structure transition on genome-sized DNA." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13097333/?lang=0, 2018. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13097333/?lang=0.

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DNA中の二本鎖切断(DSB)に対するアスコルビン酸(AA)およびDMSOの保護効果を、蛍光顕微鏡による巨大DNA(T4 DNA; 166kbp)の単分子観察によって評価した。凍結／解凍の状態に対して3つの異なる形態の放射源、可視光、γ線、および超音波の環境下にさらした。1‐プロパノールと2‐プロパノールの間で異なる効果が表れた。ゲノムDNA分子の高次構造の変化は、1−プロパノールを用いると、長軸長が濃度60％で最小を示し、次にアルコール含有量の増加と共に増加する傾向があることを見出した。一方、2−プロパノールを用いると、長軸長はアルコール含有量の増加と共にほぼ単調な減少を示した。<br>The protective effect of ascorbic acid (AA) and DMSO against double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA was evaluated by single-molecule observation of giant DNA (T4 DNA; 166kbp) through fluorescence microscopy. Samples were exposed to three different forms of radiation: visible light, γ-ray, and ultrasound o

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28

Chambers, Emily Victoria. "Conservation and divergence in higher order chromatin structure." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8803.

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Aspects of higher order chromatin structure such as replication timing, lamina association and Hi-C inter-locus interactions have been recently studied in several human and mouse cell types and it has been suggested that most of these features of genome organisation are conserved over evolution. However, the extent of evolutionary divergence in higher order structure has not been rigorously measured across the mammalian genome, and little is known about the characteristics of any divergent loci defined. Here we generate an orthologous dataset combining multiple measurements of chromatin struct

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29

Spriggs, Ruth Verity. "Development of the ASSAM and ASPROTE programs for protein tertiary structure searching." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269377.

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30

Dabbagh, Nadja [Verfasser]. "Chloroplast Genome Diversity in the Phototrophic Euglenoids, with Emphasis on Genome Structure, Synteny and Intron Evolution / Nadja Dabbagh." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148444106/34.

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31

Dabbagh, Nadja Alice Faride [Verfasser]. "Chloroplast Genome Diversity in the Phototrophic Euglenoids, with Emphasis on Genome Structure, Synteny and Intron Evolution / Nadja Dabbagh." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148444106/34.

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32

Woodward, Jessica Christina. "Cell-lineage-specific chromosomal instability in condensin II mutant mice." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22921.

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In order to equally segregate their genetic material into daughter cells during mitosis, it is essential that chromosomes undergo major restructuring to facilitate compaction. However, the process of transforming diffuse, entangled interphase chromatin into discrete, highly organised chromosomal structures is extremely complex, and currently not completely understood. The complexes involved in chromatin compaction and sister chromatid decatenation in preparation for mitosis include condensins I and II. Mutations in condensin subunits have been identified in human tumours, reflecting the import

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33

Foster, Gary D. "The structure and expression of the genome of potato virus S." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335333.

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34

Fontaine, Jean-Marc. "Structure et evolution du genome mitochondrial de l'algue brune pylaiella littoralis." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066146.

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Le genome mitochondrial de pylaiella littoralis est un genome circulaire de taille moyenne, 58 kbp. Le sequencage systematique de chaque clone representatif de ce genome a permis d'etablir une carte genomique presque complete, d'identifier une cinquantaine de genes, et de localiser la presence de zones promotrices putatives de type eubacterien a facteur -70. La phylogenie du gene 23s a ete etudie, ceci par la realisation de la structure secondaire et de l'alignement de sa sequence avec celles de genes homologues provenant d'autres organismes. Les resultats montrent que ce gene est plus proche

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35

Lahbib, Mansais Yvette. "Structure et expression du genome du bacteriophagetempere mv4 de lactobacillus bulgaricus." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30093.

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Caracterisation moleculaire du bacteriophage mv4 de lactobacillus bulgaricus. Realisation d'une carte physique du genome. Clonage de l'adn du phage et etude de l'expression des genes clones. Des genes codant pour des proteines de structure et une lysine ont pu etre localises. Mise en evidence du site d'integration du phage dans le chromosome de souches lysogenes de lactobacillus. Etude comparative du phage mv4 avec 3 autres phages temperes et 4 phages virulents

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36

Iseric, Hamza. "BISER: fast characterization of segmental duplication structure in multiple genome assemblies." Thesis, Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13343.

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The increasing availability of high-quality genome assemblies raised interest in the characterization of genomic architecture. Major architectural elements, such as common repeats and segmental duplications (SDs), increase genome plasticity that stimulates further evolution by changing the genomic structure and inventing new genes. Optimal computation of SDs within a genome requires quadratic-time local alignment algorithms that are impractical due to the size of most genomes. Additionally, to perform evolutionary analysis, one needs to characterize SDs in multiple genomes and find relations b

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37

Hart, Christopher Edward Simon Melvin I. "Inferring genetic regulatory network structure: integrative analysis of genome-scale data /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2005. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03152005-110423.

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38

Breen, James. "Assembly of a Complex Genome: Defining Elements of Structure and Function." Thesis, Breen, James (2009) Assembly of a Complex Genome: Defining Elements of Structure and Function. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/2990/.

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The post-human genome sequencing project era has seen an influx of genome sequencing projects established to investigate the structure, composition and characteristics of plant genomes. While the genome sequences of smaller plant genomes (ie. Rice) are currently available, there has been a lack of progress on the study of large, complex genomes such as barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), due to the difficulties in their sequencing and assembly. The aim of this study is to assemble and annotate targeted regions of chromosome 3B from Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS)

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39

Zhao, Zhiyu. "Robust and Efficient Algorithms for Protein 3-D Structure Alignment and Genome Sequence Comparison." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/851.

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Sequence analysis and structure analysis are two of the fundamental areas of bioinformatics research. This dissertation discusses, specifically, protein structure related problems including protein structure alignment and query, and genome sequence related problems including haplotype reconstruction and genome rearrangement. It first presents an algorithm for pairwise protein structure alignment that is tested with structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). In many cases it outperforms two other well-known algorithms, DaliLite and CE. The preliminary algorithm is a graph-theory based a

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40

Kibler, Tracey Deborah. "A computational characterisation of the relationship between genome structure and disease genes." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4509.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>This is a pilot study to investigate the relationship between disease gene status and the structure of the human genome with specific reference to regions of recombination. It compares certain characteristics of a control set of genes, with no reported association or function in any known disease, with a second set of well-curated genes with a known association to a disease. One of the benefits of recombination is the introduction of new combinations of genetic variation in the genome. Recombination hotspots are regions on the chromosome where higher than normal fr

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Li, Jianjian. "Molecular and Cytogenetical Dissection of the Rye (Secale cereale L.) Genome Structure." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180631.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(農学)<br>甲第17963号<br>農博第2031号<br>新制||農||1018(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H25||N4807(農学部図書室)<br>30793<br>京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻<br>(主査)教授遠藤隆, 准教授河原太八, 教授奥本裕<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Yu, Michael Ku. "Structure-based realignment of non-coding RNAs in multiple whole genome alignments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66817.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-65).<br>Whole genome alignments have become a central tool in biological sequence analysis. A major application is the de novo prediction of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) from structural conservation visible in the alignment. However, current methods for constructing genome alignments do so by explicitly optimizing for sequence similarity but not structural similarity. Therefore, de novo prediction

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Hafeez, Farah. "Study of genome structure and organization of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613880.

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Bratcher, Holly Bea. "Meningococcal genome dynamics : an allele based, population approach to define lineage structure." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:08db20f8-2bda-4322-a6bc-5745139bbbad.

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Advances in genome sequencing technologies have rapidly expanded the number of bacterial genome sequences available for study, permitting the emergence of the discipline of population genomics. Bioinformatics platforms were used to exploit this resource by the provision of data in an easily accessible and uniform format. The de novo assembly, combined with gene-by-gene annotation, generated high quality draft genomes in which the majority of protein-encoding genes were present with high accuracy. The approach catalogued diversity efficiently and was a practical approach to interpreting whole g

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Zamudio, Alicia V. (Alicia Viridiana Zamudio Monters de Oca). "Insights into gene regulation by genome structure, phase separation and developmental signaling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128064.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2020<br>Cataloged from PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Proper regulation of gene expression is essential to the developmental processes that give rise to hundreds of different cell types with unique cellular identities. Regulation of protein-coding and long non-coding RNA genes by RNA polymerase II is carried out by the coordinated action of transcription factors and cofactors. Transcription factors can be cell-type specific and bind cell-type specific gene regulatory regions called enhancer

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46

Ravel, Christophe. "Structure et dynamique du génome de Leishmania (protozoa, kinetoplastida)." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON1T004.

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47

Pu, Ting. "Genome characterization and population genetic structure of white pine blister rust, Cronartium ribicola." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51700.

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Rust fungi cause some of the most severe pine diseases. Cronartium ribicola (J. C. Fisch.), the causal agent of white pine blister rust, was introduced accidentally to North America from Europe in the late 1800s. Since then, it has devastated a large number of native, commercially valuable white pines, and is threatening alpine ecosystem stability by endangering high elevation white pines. In order to better understand the global epidemiology of this pathogen, we conducted a genome scan of a global collection of C. ribicola using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) to: 1) ascertain the origin and t

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48

Beeharry, Yasnee. "Role of RNA Genome Structure and Paraspeckle Proteins In Hepatitis Delta Virus Replication." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35343.

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The Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) is an RNA pathogen that uses the host DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) to replicate. Previous studies identified the right terminal domain of genomic polarity (R199G) of HDV RNA as an RNAP II promoter, but the features required for HDV RNA to be used as an RNA promoter were unknown. In order to identify the structural features of an HDV RNA promoter, I analyzed 473,139 sequences representing 2,351 new R199G variants generated by high-throughput sequencing of a viral population replicating in 293 cells. To complement this analysis, I also analyzed the sa

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49

Bland, Michael Jason. "Study of the constraints sustaining the two chromosome genome structure of vibrio cholerae." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066794.

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The majority of bacteria have their genome organized into a single circular chromosome. These chromosomes are organized into spatially confined regions, which are characterized by having low contact frequencies between loci in different regions. These regions are formed as a result of processes related to gene transcription, chromosome replication and segregation, and replication termination and cell division. The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is among the 10% of bacteria known to have their genome divided among more than one chromosome. The two chromosomes differ in terms of replication and segre

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Harwood, Janet C. "Defining the chromatin structure of the human genome using size-selected nucleosome mapping." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/89692/.

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Abstract:

The work in this thesis examines genome-wide and local changes in the patterns of nucleosome positioning throughout the human genome. Nucleosomes are the fundamental repeating unit of chromatin. Their properties and positioning in the genome dictate whether and how proteins involved in gene regulation can access DNA. Nucleosomes are dynamic; their positions can vary considerably at some loci from one cell type to another. Chromatin remodelling complexes can change the structure and the positions of nucleosomes. Their mis-regulation leads to congenital defects affecting pre-natal and early chil

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