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1

Bajrami, Emirjeta, and Mirko Spiroski. "Genomic Imprinting." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2016): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.028.

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BACKGROUND: Genomic imprinting is the inheritance out of Mendelian borders. Many of inherited diseases and human development violates Mendelian law of inheritance, this way of inheriting is studied by epigenetics.AIM: The aim of this review is to analyze current opinions and options regarding to this way of inheriting.RESULTS: Epigenetics shows that gene expression undergoes changes more complex than modifications in the DNA sequence; it includes the environmental influence on the gametes before conception. Humans inherit two alleles from mother and father, both are functional for the majority
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2

Monk, M. "Genomic imprinting." Genes & Development 2, no. 8 (1988): 921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.2.8.921.

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3

Maher, E. R. "Genomic Imprinting." Journal of Medical Genetics 28, no. 9 (1991): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.28.9.647.

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4

Hall, J. G. "Genomic imprinting." Archives of Disease in Childhood 65, no. 10 Spec No (1990): 1013–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.65.10_spec_no.1013.

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5

Jones, Peter A. "Genomic Imprinting." American Journal of Human Genetics 63, no. 3 (1998): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/302003.

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6

Pedersen, C. "Genomic imprinting." Reproductive Toxicology 11, no. 2-3 (1997): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6238(96)00213-4.

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7

da Rocha, Simao Teixeira, and Anne C. Ferguson-Smith. "Genomic imprinting." Current Biology 14, no. 16 (2004): R646—R649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.007.

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8

Hultén, M., A. Kerr, and WilliamH James. "Genomic imprinting." Lancet 338, no. 8760 (1991): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)90180-w.

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9

Lambertini, Luca. "Genomic imprinting." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 26, no. 2 (2014): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mop.0000000000000072.

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10

Hodgson, Shirley. "Genomic Imprinting." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 33, no. 6 (2008): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1991.tb14920.x.

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11

Hall, Judith G. "Genomic imprinting." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 1, no. 1 (1991): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-437x(91)80038-n.

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12

Haig, David. "Genomic imprinting." American Journal of Human Biology 10, no. 5 (1998): 679–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1998)10:5<679::aid-ajhb14>3.0.co;2-5.

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13

Gadagkar, Raghavendra. "Genomic imprinting." Resonance 5, no. 9 (2000): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02836218.

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14

Swales, A. K. E., and N. Spears. "Genomic imprinting and reproduction." Reproduction 130, no. 4 (2005): 389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00395.

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Genomic imprinting is the parent-of-origin specific gene expression which is a vital mechanism through both development and adult life. One of the key elements of the imprinting mechanism is DNA methylation, controlled by DNA methyltransferase enzymes. Germ cells undergo reprogramming to ensure that sex-specific genomic imprinting is initiated, thus allowing normal embryo development to progress after fertilisation. In some cases, errors in genomic imprinting are embryo lethal while in others they lead to developmental disorders and disease. Recent studies have suggested a link between the use
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15

Bartolomei, M. S., and A. C. Ferguson-Smith. "Mammalian Genomic Imprinting." Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 3, no. 7 (2011): a002592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a002592.

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16

Deal, Cheri L. "Parental genomic imprinting." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 7, no. 4 (1995): 445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008480-199508000-00018.

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17

Murrell, A. "Beyond genomic imprinting." Briefings in Functional Genomics 9, no. 4 (2010): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bfgp/elq019.

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18

Chandra, H. Sharat, and Vidyanand Nanjundiah. "The evolution of genomic imprinting." Development 108, Supplement (1990): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.108.supplement.47.

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We explore three possible pathways for the evolution of genomic imprinting. (1) Imprinting may be advantageous in itself when imprinted and unimprinted alleles of a locus confer different phenotypes. If a segment of DNA is imprinted in the gametes of one sex but not in those of the other, it might lead to effects correlated with sexual dimorphism. More fundamentally, in certain organisms, sex determination might have evolved because of imprinting. When imprinting leads to chromosome elimination or inactivation and occurs in some embryos but not in others, two classes of embryos, differing in t
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19

Pearce, G. P., and H. G. Spencer. "Population genetic models of genomic imprinting." Genetics 130, no. 4 (1992): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/130.4.899.

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Abstract The phenomenon of genomic imprinting has recently excited much interest among experimental biologists. The population genetic consequences of imprinting, however, have remained largely unexplored. Several population genetic models are presented and the following conclusions drawn: (i) systems with genomic imprinting need not behave similarly to otherwise identical systems without imprinting; (ii) nevertheless, many of the models investigated can be shown to be formally equivalent to models without imprinting; (iii) consequently, imprinting often cannot be discovered by following allel
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20

Reik, Wolf, and Nicholas D. Allen. "Genomic Imprinting: Imprinting with and without methylation." Current Biology 4, no. 2 (1994): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(94)00034-5.

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21

Horsthemke, Bernhard. "In Brief: Genomic imprinting and imprinting diseases." Journal of Pathology 232, no. 5 (2014): 485–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.4326.

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22

Mochizuki, Atsushi, Yasuhiko Takeda, and Yoh Iwasa. "The Evolution of Genomic Imprinting." Genetics 144, no. 3 (1996): 1283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.3.1283.

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Abstract In some mammalian genes, the paternally and maternally derived alleles are expressed differently: this phenomenon is called genomic imprinting. Here we study the evolution of imprinting using multivariate quantitative genetic models to examine the feasibility of the genetic conflict hypothesis. This hypothesis explains the observed imprinting patterns as an evolutionary outcome of the conflict between the paternal and maternal alleles. We consider the expression of a zygotic gene, which codes for an embryonic growth factor affecting the amount of maternal resources obtained through th
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23

Prawitt, Dirk, and Thomas Haaf. "Basics and disturbances of genomic imprinting." Medizinische Genetik 32, no. 4 (2020): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/medgen-2020-2042.

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Abstract Genomic imprinting ensures the parent-specific expression of either the maternal or the paternal allele, by different epigenetic processes (DNA methylation and histone modifications) that confer parent-specific marks (imprints) in the paternal and maternal germline, respectively. Most protein-coding imprinted genes are involved in embryonic growth, development, and behavior. They are usually organized in genomic domains that are regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Genomic imprints are erased in the primordial germ cells and then reset in a gene-specific manner accor
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24

Eggermann, Thomas. "Human Reproduction and Disturbed Genomic Imprinting." Genes 15, no. 2 (2024): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15020163.

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Genomic imprinting is a specific mode of gene regulation which particularly accounts for the factors involved in development. Its disturbance affects the fetus, the course of pregnancy and even the health of the mother. In children, aberrant imprinting signatures are associated with imprinting disorders (ImpDis). These alterations also affect the function of the placenta, which has consequences for the course of the pregnancy. The molecular causes of ImpDis comprise changes at the DNA level and methylation disturbances (imprinting defects/ImpDefs), and there is an increasing number of reports
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25

Garnier, Olivier, Sylvia Laoueillé-Duprat, and Charles Spillane. "Genomic imprinting in plants." Epigenetics 3, no. 1 (2008): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/epi.3.1.5554.

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26

Barlow, D. P., and M. S. Bartolomei. "Genomic Imprinting in Mammals." Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 6, no. 2 (2014): a018382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a018382.

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27

Sapienza, C. "Genetic Complexities: Genomic Imprinting." Science 273, no. 5273 (1996): 316b—317b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5273.316b.

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28

Mitchell, Braxton D., and Toni I. Pollin. "Genomic imprinting in diabetes." Genome Medicine 2, no. 8 (2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gm176.

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29

Hoffman, Andrew R., Thanh H. Vu, and Jifan Hu. "Mechanisms of genomic imprinting." Growth Hormone & IGF Research 10 (January 2000): S18—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1096-6374(00)90008-x.

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30

Pfeifer, Karl. "Mechanisms of Genomic Imprinting." American Journal of Human Genetics 67, no. 4 (2000): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/303101.

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31

Wilkins, R. J. "Genomic Imprinting and Carcinogenesis." Journal of Urology 140, no. 1 (1988): 208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)41534-5.

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32

Wilkins, RichardJ. "GENOMIC IMPRINTING AND CARCINOGENESIS." Lancet 331, no. 8581 (1988): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(88)91121-x.

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33

Cowley, M., and R. J. Oakey. "Retrotransposition and genomic imprinting." Briefings in Functional Genomics 9, no. 4 (2010): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bfgp/elq015.

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34

Loppin, Benjamin, and Rebecca Oakey. "Genomic imprinting in Singapore." EMBO reports 10, no. 3 (2009): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/embor.2009.20.

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35

Brannan, Camilynn I., and Marisa S. Bartolomei. "Mechanisms of genomic imprinting." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 9, no. 2 (1999): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-437x(99)80025-2.

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36

Bartolomei, Marisa S., and Shirley M. Tilghman. "GENOMIC IMPRINTING IN MAMMALS." Annual Review of Genetics 31, no. 1 (1997): 493–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.31.1.493.

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37

Joyce, J. A., and P. N. Schofield. "Genomic imprinting and cancer." Molecular Pathology 51, no. 4 (1998): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/mp.51.4.185.

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38

Nolan, CM, FM O’Sullivan, DC Brabazon, and JJ Callanan. "Genomic Imprinting inCanis familiaris." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 44 (July 2009): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01387.x.

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39

Kobayashi, Hisato, and Takahiro Arima. "Genomic Imprinting in Mammals." Journal of Mammalian Ova Research 23, no. 4 (2006): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1274/jmor.23.143.

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40

Hiura, Hitoshi. "Genomic Imprinting in Oogenesis." Journal of Mammalian Ova Research 26, no. 4 (2009): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1274/jmor.26.183.

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41

Jirtle, Randy L. "Genomic Imprinting and Cancer." Experimental Cell Research 248, no. 1 (1999): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/excr.1999.4453.

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42

Squire, J. "Genomic imprinting in tumours." Seminars in Cancer Biology 7, no. 1 (1996): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/scbi.1996.0006.

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43

Berry, Colin L. "Genomic imprinting for pathologists." Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology 419, no. 5 (1991): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01605068.

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44

Renfree, Marilyn B., Shunsuke Suzuki, and Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino. "The origin and evolution of genomic imprinting and viviparity in mammals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1609 (2013): 20120151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0151.

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Genomic imprinting is widespread in eutherian mammals. Marsupial mammals also have genomic imprinting, but in fewer loci. It has long been thought that genomic imprinting is somehow related to placentation and/or viviparity in mammals, although neither is restricted to mammals. Most imprinted genes are expressed in the placenta. There is no evidence for genomic imprinting in the egg-laying monotreme mammals, despite their short-lived placenta that transfers nutrients from mother to embryo. Post natal genomic imprinting also occurs, especially in the brain. However, little attention has been pa
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45

Edwards, Carol A., Nozomi Takahashi, Jennifer A. Corish, and Anne C. Ferguson-Smith. "The origins of genomic imprinting in mammals." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 7 (2019): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18176.

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Genomic imprinting is a process that causes genes to be expressed according to their parental origin. Imprinting appears to have evolved gradually in two of the three mammalian subclasses, with no imprinted genes yet identified in prototheria and only six found to be imprinted in marsupials to date. By interrogating the genomes of eutherian suborders, we determine that imprinting evolved at the majority of eutherian specific genes before the eutherian radiation. Theories considering the evolution of imprinting often relate to resource allocation and recently consider maternal–offspring interac
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46

Renfree, Marilyn B., Eleanor I. Ager, Geoff Shaw, and Andrew J. Pask. "Genomic imprinting in marsupial placentation." REPRODUCTION 136, no. 5 (2008): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-08-0264.

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Genomic imprinting is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon in eutherian mammals, which regulates many aspects of growth and development. Parental conflict over the degree of maternal nutrient transfer is the favoured hypothesis for the evolution of imprinting. Marsupials, like eutherian mammals, are viviparous but deliver an altricial young after a short gestation supported by a fully functional placenta, so can shed light on the evolution and time of acquisition of genomic imprinting. All orthologues of eutherian imprinted genes examined have a conserved expression in the marsupial placenta reg
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47

Rodrigues, Jessica A., and Daniel Zilberman. "Evolution and function of genomic imprinting in plants." Genes & Development 29, no. 24 (2015): 2517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.269902.115.

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Genomic imprinting, an inherently epigenetic phenomenon defined by parent of origin-dependent gene expression, is observed in mammals and flowering plants. Genome-scale surveys of imprinted expression and the underlying differential epigenetic marks have led to the discovery of hundreds of imprinted plant genes and confirmed DNA and histone methylation as key regulators of plant imprinting. However, the biological roles of the vast majority of imprinted plant genes are unknown, and the evolutionary forces shaping plant imprinting remain rather opaque. Here, we review the mechanisms of plant ge
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48

Hirasawa, Ryutaro, and Robert Feil. "Genomic imprinting and human disease." Essays in Biochemistry 48 (September 20, 2010): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bse0480187.

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In many epigenetic phenomena, covalent modifications on DNA and chromatin mediate somatically heritable patterns of gene expression. Genomic imprinting is a classical example of epigenetic regulation in mammals. To date, more than 100 imprinted genes have been identified in humans and mice. Many of these are involved in foetal growth and deve lopment, others control behaviour. Mono-allelic expression of imprinted genes depends on whether the gene is inherited from the mother or the father. This remarkable pattern of expression is controlled by specialized sequence elements called ICRs (imprint
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49

Kaneko-Ishino, Tomoko, and Fumitoshi Ishino. "Evolution of viviparity in mammals: what genomic imprinting tells us about mammalian placental evolution." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 7 (2019): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18127.

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Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism of regulating parent-of-origin-specific monoallelic expression of imprinted genes in viviparous therian mammals such as eutherians and marsupials. In this review we discuss several issues concerning the relationship between mammalian viviparity and genomic imprinting, as well as the domestication of essential placental genes: why has the genomic imprinting mechanism been so widely conserved despite the evident developmental disadvantages originating from monoallelic expression? How have genomic imprinted regions been established in the course of ma
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50

Market, Brenna A., Liyue Zhang, Lauren S. Magri, Michael C. Golding, and Mellissa RW Mann. "INVESTIGATING THE MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS OF VARIOUS CULTURE REGIMES IN A MOUSE MODEL SYSTEM." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 31, no. 4 (2008): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v31i4.4814.

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Background/Purpose: Genomic imprinting is a specialized transcriptional mechanism that results in the unequal expression of alleles based on their parent-of-origin [1]. Many imprinted genes are critical for proper embryonic and fetaldevelopment [2] and disruption of genomic imprinting are associated with many development disorders [3]. Recently, increased frequencies of imprinting disorders have been correlated with the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs)[2]. Rigorous and thorough testing of ARTs is required to determine their influence on genomic imprinting and development. I hyp
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