Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'GeoAI'

I ricercatori hanno esplorato i benefici e le applicazioni degli algoritmi di intelligenza artificiale (IA) in diversi scenari. Per l'elaborazione dei dati spaziali, l'IA offre enormi opportunità. Le domande fondamentali, la ricerca si inclina a capire come l'IA può essere applicata o deve essere creata specificamente per i dati spaziali. Questo cambiamento sta avendo un impatto significativo sui dati spaziali. Il Machine Learning (ML) è stato un componente importante per l'analisi dei dati spaziali e per la loro classificazione, clustering e previsione. Inoltre, il deep learning (DL) viene integrato per estrarre automaticamente informazioni utili per la classificazione, il rilevamento di oggetti, la segmentazione semantica, ecc. L'integrazione di AI, ML e DL in geomatica ha introdotto il concetto di Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI), che è un nuovo paradigma per la scoperta della conoscenza geospaziale e oltre. Partendo da tale premessa, questa tesi affronta il tema dello sviluppo di tecniche basate sull'IA per l'analisi e l'interpretazione di dati spaziali complessi. L'analisi ha coperto diverse lacune, per esempio la definizione delle relazioni tra gli approcci basati sull'IA e i dati spaziali. Considerando la natura multidisciplinare dei dati spaziali, gli sforzi maggiori sono stati fatti per quanto riguarda i dati dei social media, le immagini termografiche a infrarossi (IRT), le ortofoto e le nuvole di punti. Inizialmente, è stata condotta una revisione della letteratura per capire le principali tecnologie di acquisizione dei dati e se e come i metodi e le tecniche di IA potrebbero aiutare in questo campo. Un'attenzione specifica è data allo stato dell'arte dell'IA, che è stata importante per affrontare quattro diversi problemi: la gestione delle destinazioni turistiche utilizzando la sentiment analysis e le informazioni di geo-localizzazione; il rilevamento automatico delle anomalie negli impianti fotovoltaici; la segmentazione dei mosaici basata sul deep learning; il rilevamento di punti del viso per la modellazione 3D della testa in ambito medico. Le applicazioni IA proposte aprono nuove e importanti opportunità per la comunità geomatica. I nuovi dataset raccolti, così come i dati complessi presi in esame, rendono la ricerca sfidante. Infatti, è fondamentale valutare le prestazioni dei metodi allo stato dell'arte per dimostrare la loro forza e debolezza e aiutare a identificare la ricerca futura per la progettazione di algoritmi IA più robusti. Per una valutazione completa delle prestazioni, è di grande importanza sviluppare una libreria di benchmark per valutare lo stato dell'arte, perché i metodi di progettazione che sono sintonizzati su un problema specifico non funzionano correttamente su altri problemi. Un'intensa attenzione è stata dedicata all'esplorazione di modelli e algoritmi specifici. I metodi di IA adottati per lo sviluppo delle applicazioni proposte, hanno dimostrato di essere in grado di estrarre caratteristiche statistiche complesse e di apprendere in modo efficiente le loro rappresentazioni, permettendo di generalizzare bene su un'ampia varietà di compiti di IA, tra cui la classificazione delle immagini, il riconoscimento del testo e così via. Le limitazioni puntano verso aree inesplorate per indagini future, servendo come utili linee guida per le future direzioni di ricerca.
Researchers have explored the benefits and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in different scenario. For the processing of spatial data, AI offers overwhelming opportunities. Fundamental questions include how AI can be specifically applied to or must be specifically created for spatial data. This change is also having a significant impact on spatial data. Machine learning (ML) has been an important component for spatial analysis for classification, clustering, and prediction. In addition, deep learning (DL) is being integrated to automatically extract useful information for classification, object detection, semantic and instance segmentation, etc. The integration of AI, ML, and DL in geomatics has lead the concept of Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI), which is a new paradigm for geo-information knowledge discovery and beyond. Starting from such a premise, this thesis addresses the topic of developing AI-based techniques for analysing and interpreting complex spatial data. The analysis has covered several gaps, for instance defining relationships between AI-based approaches and spatial data. Considering the multidisciplinary nature of spatial data, major efforts have been undertaken in regard to social media data, infrared thermographic (IRT) images, orthophotos, and point clouds. Initially, a literature review was conducted to understand the main data acquisition technologies and if and how AI methods and techniques could help in this field. More in deep, specific attention is given to the state of the art in AI with the selected data type mentioned above, which is important to deal with four different problem: tourism destination management using sentiment analysis and geo-location information; automatic faults detection on photovoltaic farms; mosaic segmentation based on deep cascading learning; face landmarks detection for head 3D modelling for medical applications. The proposed AI applications open up a wealth of novel and important opportunities for both geomatics and computer science community. The newly collected datasets, as well as the complexity of data taken into exam, make the research challenging. In fact, it is crucial to evaluate the performance of state of the art methods to demonstrate their strength and weakness and help identifying future research for designing more robust AI algorithms. For comprehensive performance evaluation, it is of great importance developing a library and benchmarks to gauge the state of the art, because the design methods tuned to a specific problem do not work properly on other problems. Intensive attention has been drawn to the exploration of tailored learning models and algorithms. The tailored AI methods, adopted for the development of the proposed applications, have shown to be capable of extracting complex statistical features and efficiently learning their representations, allowing it to generalize well across a wide variety of AI tasks, including image classification, text recognition and so on. Limitations point towards unexplored areas for future investigations, serving as useful guidelines for future research directions.

Le Gezai-xi est une forme de spectacle vivant musical chanté et dramatisé né sur l’île de Taiwan. Ce n’est pas un art de lettrés, il est issu d’une pratique rurale vivante à Taiwan depuis le XIXe siècle, celle des Gezai, petits chants en langue minnan pratiqués durant le labeur agricole par les populations rurales taiwanaises émigrées de la région méridionale de la province chinoise Fujian. Depuis longtemps le Gezai-xi est considéré comme une forme mineure, car sa principale raison d’être est d’amuser le public. Dans la société taiwanaise actuelle, cette image d’un divertissement populaire, voire vulgaire, persiste. Cette thèse se propose de décrire et d’analyser le processus de transformation en emblème national d’un art du spectacle taiwanais d’origine rurale dans le contexte de la politique culturelle dite d’indigénisation du gouvernement nationaliste et de son projet de construction identitaire nationale. Cette évolution tend à institutionnaliser et à fixer une pratique peu codifiée au risque d’en modifier profondément l’originalité et l’usage. Fondée sur l’enquête historique et le recueil des témoignages des performeurs et des publics la thèse retrace l’évolution de cette forme spectaculaire qui a accompagné la construction de la société taiwanaise tout au long du XXe siècle jusqu’à son institutionnalisation dans la prestigieuse institution publique nationale Fu-Hsing Dramatic Arts Academy qui l’a fait accéder au statut de spectacle identitaire national
Gezai-xi is a form of live performance art, sung and dramatised, which was born on the island of Taiwan. It is not an art of lettered folk; rather it issues from a rural practice which has flourished in Taiwan since the 19th century: that of Gezai, little songs in the minnan language, sung during agricultural labour by rural Taiwanese populations who emigrated from the Fujian province of China. Gezai-xi has long been considered a minor artform, as its principal raison d'être is to entertain the audience. This image of a popular, even vulgar, entertainment persists in current Taiwanese society. The aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the process by which a Taiwanese performance art with rural origins has been transformed into a national emblem, in the context of the nationalist government's cultural policy known as indigenisation, and its project of constructing a national identity. This development has tended to institutionalise and immobilise a little-codified practice, at the risk of profoundly modifying its originality and usage. Founded on historical inquiry and the collection of testimony from performers and audiences, the thesis retraces the development of the artform, which accompanied the construction of Taiwanese society throughout the 20th century, up to its institutionalization in the Fu-Hsing Dramatic Arts Academy, the prestigious national public institution which has raised it to the status of a national-identity performance art

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A Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) é uma doença infecciosa de evoluçao crônica, causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, que pode acometer pele e mucosas do nariz, boca, faringe e laringe, isoladamente ou nao. E uma zoonose transmitida por insetos, genericamente conhecidos como flebotomíneos, popularmente chamados de mosquito palha, cangalhinha, tatuquira, etc. A Organizaçao Mundial da Saúde (OMS) inclui a LTA entre as seis doenças infecciosas e parasitárias prioritárias para açoes de controle, pelo seu potencial epidêmico. Com o objetivo de tentar melhor compreender a epidemiologia da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana no Estado do Espírito Santo, realizou-se um estudo do numero de casos acontecidos no período de 1989 a 1998 por município, utilizando-se Sistemas de Informaçao Geográfica-SIG. Foram calculadas as taxas de incidência por município, considerando os limites administrativos de 1991, tomando-se por base os dados como sao registrados pela Fundaçao Nacional de Saúde (Regional Espírito Santo) e a populaçao fornecida pelo IBGE. Foi feita a regularizaçao da série temporal através de Médias Móveis de 5 meses, para diminuir a flutuaçao dos dados, e feito também a modelagem da tendência através de polinômio de terceiro grau. Utilizando-se alguns tipos de análise, fizeram-se as projeçoes em mapas, ano a ano categorizando de acordo com os parâmetros utilizados pela FNS para classificar Taxas Baixas, Médias, Altas e Muito Altas e estudar o comportamento espacial da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana por município. Para análise espacial considerando o número de casos, as respectivas taxas de incidência e suas relaçoes com as variáveis ambientais, utilizou-se o SIG Arc-View, através de mapas coropléticos com sobreposiçao de camadas, além do software S-Plus para utilizar-se o Estimador de Kernel para alisamento dos dados no sentido de se determinar as "Areas Quentes" e verificar a intensidade do evento em relaçao a área estudada.

Bakalauro darbe atlikta teorinė apžvalga apie trumparegystę, jos veiksnius, profilaktiką, pusiausvyros ir psichomotorinės reakcijos elementus. Darbe analizuojami ir lyginami sportuojančių ir nesportuojančių trumparegių, bei sportuojančių ir nesportuojančių gerai matančiųjų pusiausvyra, propriocepcija ir psichomotorinė reakcija. Suformuluotos dvi hipotezės: 1) Sportuojančių (lengvąją atletiką) trumparegių ir gerai matančių studentų pusiausvyros ir psichomotorinės reakcijos rodikliai bus geresni negu nesportuojančių trumparegių ir gerai matančių jaunuolių; 2) Trijų mėnesių trukmės stalo teniso treniruotės ir kineziterapija pagerins tiriamųjų psichomotorinę reakciją ir pusiausvyrą. Tyrimu buvo siekta įvertinti sportuojančių ir nesportuojančių trumparegių ir gerai matančių psichomotorinės reakcijos ir pusiausvyros rodiklius prieš 3 mėnesius ir po 3 mėnesių eksperimento. Tyrime dalyvavo – 20 (19-22 metų) tiriamųjų, iš jų 10 sportuojančių lengvąją atletiką (5 trumparegiai, 5 gerai matantys), 10 nesportuojančių studentų (5 trumparegiai, 5 gerai matantys). Buvo testuojama tiriamųjų statinė, dinaminė pusiausvyra, propriocepcija ir psichomotorinė reakcija. Po to eksperimentinėms grupėms buvo taikoma 3 mėnesių trukmės pusiausvyros pratimai ir stalo teniso treniruotės. Po 3 mėnesių buvo atliekamas pakartotinis testavimas. Tyrimo gautos išvados: 1. Regėjimas yra efektyvios pusiausvyros jutiklis, tad pusiausvyra žymiai pablogėja silpnėjant regėjimui. Dažniausiai atliekant kažkokią veiklą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Bachelor work performed theoretical overview of the myopia, its factors, prevention, balance and psychomotor reaction. In this work is analyzing and comparing balance, proprioception and psychomotor reactions of myopic athletes and myopic non-athletes also good sighted athletes and non-athletes. Formulated two hypotheses: 1) myopic and good sighted students who are athletics balance and psychomotor reaction rates will be better than non–sport myopic and good sighted youngsters; 2) Three-month table tennis training and physiotherapy improve psychomotor reaction and equilibrium. The study was aimed at evaluating athletes and non-athletes myopic and goodseers psychomotor reaction and equilibrium indicators of 3 months before and 3 months after the experiment. Participated in the study - 20 (19-22 years) patients, 10 of them athletics (5 short sighted, 5 good sighted), 10 non-athletes (5 shortsighted, 5 good sighted). Has been tested static, dynamic balance, proprioception and psychomotor reaction. After that to experimental groups was applied a 3-month balance exercises and table tennis workout. After 3 months they have been a re-testing. The study conclusions : 1. Vision is an effective sensor of balance, and balance significantly get worse decreasing vision. Most often in some sort activity excite the visual and auditory receptors. Of course, the reaction to light stimuli is longer than the sound and sight impaired reaction time is increased even further. 2. Static and... [to full text]

SANTRAUKA PAUKŠČIUOSE APTINKAMŲ NEAPIBŪDINTŲ SARCOCYSTIS GENTIES RŪŠIŲ FILOGENETINIŲ RYŠIŲ TYRIMAS NAUDOJANT DALINES 18S IR 28S rRNR GENŲ SEKAS Petras Prakas Vilniaus Universiteto Ekologijos Institutas, Populiacinės Genetikos Laboratorija, Vilnius, Lietuva. Pagal cistų morfologiją, baltakaktėje žąsyje (Anser albifrons) aptiktos I tipo sarkocistos, didžiojoje antyje (Anas platyrhynchos) rastos II tipo sarkocistos, dviejose baltakaktėse žąsyse ir pilkojoje žąsyje (Anser anser) nustatytos III tipo sarkocistos, varnoje (Corvus cornix) identifikuotos V tipo sarkocistos. Iš paukščių, kaip tarpinių šeimininkų išskirtos sarkosporidijos aprašomos pirmą kartą bei yra neįvardintos rūšys. Baltakaktėje bei pilkojoje žąsyse išskirtos III tipo sarkocistos gali būti tos pačios sarkocistų rūšies parazitavimo skirtingų rūšių tarpiniuose šeimininkuose atvejis. Nustatytos 18S ir 28S rDNR fragmentų sekos pasižymėjo didžiausia homologija Sarcocystis bei Frenkelia gentims. Filogenetinių ryšių medyje sugrupuojamos šiame darbe tiriamos rūšys su Frenkelia microti, Frenkelia glareoli, Sarcocystis muris, Sarcocystis neurona. Rezultatai atskleidė Sarcocystis genties rūšių koevoliuciją su jų galutiniais šeimininkais. Remiantis tyrimo duomenimis, galima teigti, kad Sarcocystidae šeimos filogenetinius ryšius apsprendžia sarkosporidijų gyvybinio ciklo ypatybės, šeimininkų spektras bei parazitų specifiškumas šeimininkui. 18S ir 28S rRNR genų dalinių sekų analizė atskleidžia tirtų Sarcocystis sp. rūšių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
SUMMARY INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF SARCOCYSTIS SPP. FOUND IN BIRDS USING 18S AND 28S rRNA GENE PARTIAL SEQENCES Petras Prakas Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University, Laboratory of Population Genetics, Vilnius, Lithuania Based on cyst morphology, Sarcocystis cysts type I were found in white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons), cysts type II in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), cyst type III in one grey-lag goose (Anser anser) and two white-fronted geese, cyst type V in hooded crow (Corvus cornix). The sarcocysts isolated from the infected birds as intermediate host have not been previously described and are unnamed. Type III sarcocysts detected in white-fronted and greylag geese may illustrate the case of polyhostal nature of sarcocysts when the same-species parasites infesting intermediate hosts of different species. The obtained 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA partial gene sequences showed the highest homology for the genera Sarcocystis and Frenkelia. In the tree of phylogenetic relationships, the species involved in this study were grouped with Frenkelia microti, Frenkelia glareoli, Sarcocystis muris and Sarcocystis neurona. Results show co-evolution of Sarcocystis spp. with the final host. Based on data obtained it could be stated that phylogenetic relationships of Sarcocystidae family are influenced by peculiarity of life cycle, hosts spectrum and host specificity. Analysis of the partial sequences of 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA revealed the phylogenetic and... [to full text]

Tyrimų objektas-segetinės floros apskaita ir vertinimas Lietuvos ir Anglijos agrofitocenozėse ir jų atitikimo gerai agrarinei būklei. Tyrimų tikslas-palyginti mūsų šalies ekologinių ūkių varpinių javų suformuotų agrofitocenozių segetinės floros kiekį su Anglijos ūkio ekologiškų varpinių javų suformuotų agrofitocenozių segetinės floros kiekiu ir įvertinti jų atitikimą pagal parengtą ir toliau tobulinamą pasėlių geros agrarinės būklės metodiką. Darbo metodai-ekspedicinių tyrimu metu atlikta segetinės floros apskaita keturiose-penkiose 0,25 m-2 dydžio aikštelėse. Surinkti duomenys apie ekologinių ūkių ūkininkavimo patirtį, bei agrofitocenozių būklę. Remiantis monografiniu ir kameraliniu metodu įvertintas agrofitocenozių atitikimas gerai agrarinei būklei. Darbo rezultatai-įvertinus Lietuvos ir Anglijos ekologinių ūkių javų suformuotų agrofitocenozių segetinę florą nustatyta, kad segetinės floros kiekis mūsų šalies ekologinių ūkių javų suformuotų agrofitocenozių ir Anglijos ekologinio ūkio panašūs: Anglijos žiemkenčių agrofitocenozėse rasti vidutiniškai 76 vnt.m-2, tuo tarpu Lietuvos ekologinių ūkių žieminių javų suformuotose agrofitocenozėse 78 vnt.m-2 ir 67 vnt.m-2 atitinkamai. Pagal tobulinamą pasėlių geros agrarinės būklės metodiką, tyrimam pasirinktos agrofitocenozės atitinka geros agrarinės būklės reikalavimus, nes segetinės floros kiekis neviršija 100 vnt.m-2.
Objectives of the research: compare of the amount of segetic flora in agrophytocenosis of crops in the organic farms of Lithuania and England, and evaluation of their compliance with the requirements of good agrarian condition. Results of the research: the research was carried out in the summer time of 2007-2008. The aim of research, to measure and compare weed flora in the organic farms between our country and England. The number of segetic flora which was found in both countries organic farms was similar: 78 unit m-2 and 67 unit m-2 in the organic farms of Lithuania, and 76 unit m-2 in the organic farm of England. Evaluation of compliance with the requirements of good agrarian condition showed that agrophytocenosis of winter crops of organic farms in Lithuania and England can be considered as complying with, because amount of segetic flora was less than 100 unit m-2.

Histonų potransliacinės modifikacijos sąlygoja chromatino struktūros pakitimus, lemiančius genų, atsakingų už ląstelėje vykstančių įvairių procesų, tokių kaip proliferacija, diferenciacija, apoptozė reguliavimą. Šiame darbe įvertinome chromatino baltymų, histonų H3 ir H4, modifikacijų dinamiką HL-60 ląstelėse, indukuotose granuliocitinei diferenciacijai su retinoine rūgštimi (RA) ir histonų deacetilazių slopikliais, fenilo butiratu (PB) ir vitaminu B3 (vitB3) bei jų kombinacijomis. Aktyvaus chromatino baltymų kompleksai proliferuojančiose ir diferenciacijai indukuotose ląstelėse buvo analizuojami chromatino imunoišsodinimo metodu, naudojant antikūnus prieš histonus - hiperacetilintą H4 ir trimetil-Lys4 H3, esančius aktyvaus chromatino vietose mononukleosomų frakcijoje. Atlikta baltymų, esančių komplekse su modifikuotais histonais H3 ir H4 proteominė analizė vienmatėje (SDS/PAGE) ir dvimatėje (2DE) elektroforezės sistemose. Nustatyti baltymai, sąveikaujantys su hiperacetilintu H4 ir trimetil-Lys4 H3. Tai baltymai, dalyvaujantys genų raiškos iniciavime bei chromatino modifikacijose, t.y. transkripcijos faktorius Sp1, metionino acetiltransferazė, DNR metiltransferazė ir kt. Taip pat patodyta, kad HL-60 ląstelėse p21 WAF1/CIP geno raiška priklauso nuo pasirinkto induktoriaus. Apibendrinant manome, kad poveikio variantas - 3mM PB su 5mM vit.B3 6 val., nuplovus tolesnis poveikis su 1μM RA ir 5mM vit.B3 24 val., galėtų būti tinkamas leukeminių ląstelių diferenciacinei terapijai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Recently, a novel strategy for the treatment of leukemia’s through the modulation of chromatin structure is applicable. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of anti-leukemia effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and their combinations with retinoic acid using human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. We have shown that HDAC inhibitors - phenyl butyrate and vitamin B3, cause rapid histone H3 and H4 modifications. Further we examined how HDACI and retinoic acid (RA) can modulate gene expression via acetylation and other modifications of histones associated with targeted genes. We performed Chip assay to identify proteins associated with hyperacetylated histone H4. Immunoprecipitated proteins were fractionated by SDS/PAGE and 2DE. Proteomic analysis was performed by using mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF and ESI MS/MS). We identified Sp1 transcriptional activation, DNA methyltransferase, methionine acetyltransferase and other proteins that were associated with modified histones H3 and H4. To evaluate the changes ofp21 gene expression affected by hyperacetylation of histone H4 during HL-60 cell granulocytic differentiation we performed PGR of active chromatin immunoprecipitated with hyperacetylated H4 by using different primers of p21 gene. In this study we have shown that p21 gene expression changes during granulocytic differentiation and depends on inducer. Our results suggest that the chromatin remodeling caused by HDAC inhibitors could be a promising... [to full text]

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. This study attempted to identify the genes potentially regulated by promoter methylation in GBM. Therefore, we analyzed the expression of COX7A1, SPINT1, AREG, NPTX2, and KRT81 in glioblastomas and human brain tissue and investigated if there were any associations between the expression and methylation of these genes. Moreover, we aimed to determine the methylation frequency of 11 genes (AREG, CASP8, CD81, DcR1, DR4, GATA4, GATA6, hMLH1, NPTX2, TES, and TFPI2) promoters in 100 patients with glioblastoma multiforme and to evaluate the associations between patients’ clinical characteristics and prognostic value. The methylation status of the following 4 gene promoters was significantly related to patients’ survival after surgery: AREG, CASP8, GATA6 and TFPI2. Identification of the methylation status of these genes could be one of the objective criteria in the prognosis of disease course in patients with glioblastoma and could supplement the list of already known epigenetic markers. The methylation status of a combination of 6 genes (AREG, CASP8, DR4, GATA4, GATA6, and TFPI2) was found to be a more accurate independent prognostic factor associated with patients’ survival after surgery when compared with the methylation status of individual genes. The molecular classification of GBM according to the methylation profile of a combination of these 6 genes could help clinicians tailor an appropriate treatment... [to full text]
Glioblastoma (GBM) yra vienas labiausiai paplitusių ir agresyviausių pirminių galvos smegenų auglių. Siekiant nustatyti molekulinius žymenis, susijusius su GBM vystymusi, diagnoze ir prognoze, buvo atlikta 14 genų (AREG, CASP8, CD81, COX7A1, DcR1, DR4, GATA4, GATA6, hMLH1, KRT81, NPTX2, SPINT1, TES ir TFPI2) promotorių metilinimo analizė. Buvo nustatyti naviką slopinančių genų promotorių metilinimo dažniai, ryšiai su klinikinėmis sergančiųjų GBM charakteristikomis ir prognozinė vertė. Disertacinio darbo metu nustatyta, kad AREG ir NTPX2 genų raiška susijusi su šių genų promotorių metilinimu, tuo tarpu COX7A1, KRT81 ir SPINT1 genų raiškos skirtumai nėra susiję su šių genų promotorių metilinimu. Naujų epigenetinių žymenų tyrimai 100 GBM pavyzdžių parodė navikų epigenetinį heterogeniškumą ir įvairų tirtų genų promotorių metilinimo dažnį. Nustatyta, kad AREG, CASP8, GATA6 ir TFPI2 genų promotorių metilinimas statistiškai patikimai susijęs su išgyvenimo trukme po operacijos. Šių genų promotoriaus metilinimo nustatymas gali būti vienas iš objektyvių kriterijų prognozuojant pacientų ligos eigą ir papildyti jau nustatytų epigenetinių žymenų sąrašą. Buvo sudarytas, suminis šešių genų (AREG, CASP8, DR4, GATA4, GATA6 ir TFPI2) derinys, kuris yra tikslesnis nepriklausomas prognozinis veiksnys, susijęs su išgyvenimo trukme po operacijos lyginant su atskirų genų promotorių metilinimu. GBM molekulinis tipavimas pagal šių šešių genų derinį galėtų padėti parenkant gydymo strategiją.

Geruchsstoffe in Trinkwassergewinnungsanlagen stellen ein weltweit auftretendes Problem dar und führen in der Regel zu einer Kostenintensivierung bei der Aufbereitung des Rohwassers. Die den erdig-muffigen Geschmack des Wassers verursachenden, hauptsächlichsten Substanzen Geosmin und 2-Methylisoborneol (2-MIB) sind schon in einem Konzentrationsbereich von 1-10 ng/L wahrnehmbar. Da das Trinkwasser Geruchs- und Geschmacksneutral sein soll, müssen im Zuge der Rohwasseraufbereitung die Geruchsstoffe entfernt werden. Geruchsstoffe können durch verschiedene Mikroorganismen wie Cyanobakterien, Aktinomyceten, Streptomyceten oder auch Algen gebildet werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit stellte daher die Identifikation von cyanobakteriellen Geruchsstoffbildnern in den drei sächsischen Trinkwassertalsperren Klingenberg, Cranzahl und Saidenbach dar. Das Hauptaugenmerk lag auf der Charakterisierung der vorkommenden benthischen Cyanobakterien. Neben deren Abhängigkeit von der Trophie des Gewässers sollte das Artenspektrum der benthischen Cyanobakterien untersucht werden sowie eine Identifikation erfolgen, welche Geruchsstoffe sie synthetisieren bzw. freisetzen. Dazu erfolgte die Gewinnung von Isolaten benthischer Cyanobakterien anhand von Proben, die aus den Talsperren entnommen wurden. Die anschließende Charakterisierung der Isolate wurde sowohl auf morphologischer als auch auf molekularbiologischer Ebene durch die partielle Sequenzierung der rbcL- und geoA-Gene durchgeführt. Ein weiteres Ziel bestand darin, die Fähigkeit zur Bildung von Geosmin und 2-MIB nachzuweisen. Dazu sollten ausgewählte Isolate, zur Abschätzung des Geruchsstoff-Bildungspotentials der Cyanobakterien in der Talsperre, unter verschiedenen Laborbedingungen kultiviert und auf die Bildung und Freisetzung von Geruchsstoffen hin untersucht sowie der Einfluss der Beleuchtung durch verschiedene Lichtfarben bzw. Spektren und des Mediums bestimmt werden. Zusätzliche Fragestellungen stellten die Identifikation spezifischer Gene sowie die Entwicklung eines geeigneten Primersystems und gegebenenfalls der Nachweis einer Korrelation zur Geruchsstoffbildung dar. Anhand der Klima- und der physikalischen Daten sollten mögliche Einflussgrößen auf die Geruchsstoffproduktion durch benthische Cyanobakterien aufgezeigt werden. Durch regelmäßige Probenahmen wie auch Kamerabefahrungen in Zusammenarbeit mit der Landestalsperrenverwaltung Sachsen wurde die Entwicklung des von Cyanobakterien dominierten Phytobenthos in drei Talsperren verfolgt und dokumentiert. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass dieses durch Vertreter der Gattungen Oscillatoria und Phormidium dominiert wurde. Im Verlauf der Untersuchungen konnten mehrere Massenentwicklungen von Cyanobakterien verfolgt werden. Die Abnahme des Staupegels ist in Verbindung mit der Sonneneinstrahlung die möglicherweise wichtigste Stellgröße für eine Massenentwicklung benthischer Cyanobakterien und einem damit verbundenen Anstieg des Geruchsstoff-Gehalts im Roh- bzw. Oberflächenwasser. Die Analyse der Entwicklung der Cyanobakterien unter natürlichen Bedingungen stellt aufgrund der großen Varianz der Einfluss nehmenden Parameter eine sehr komplexe Aufgabe dar. Daher wurden zur umfangreicheren Analyse der Herkunft der Geruchsstoffe Cyanobakterien isoliert. Dadurch wurde es möglich, das Geruchsstoff-Bildungspotential näher zu charakterisieren. Die erhaltenen Isolate wurden durch morphologische Merkmale bestimmt und molekularbiologisch durch partielle Sequenzierung des rbcL-Gens klassifiziert. Weiterhin erfolgte der analytische Nachweis von Geruchsstoffen in der Biomasse der Cyanobakterien sowie im Kultivierungsmedium. Der Nachweis von Geosmin in der Biomasse konnte hoch signifikant mit dem PCR-Nachweis von geoA korreliert werden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Besitz von geoA zu einer deutlich stärkeren Bildung und Freisetzung des Geruchsstoffs führt. Für das unter natürlichen Bedingungen ebenfalls auftretende 2-MIB konnten dagegen keine gesicherten cyanobakteriellen Produzenten identifiziert werden. 2003 wurde die Funktionalität des Gens cyc2 in Streptomyceten durch Gust et al. beschrieben. Auf dieser Grundlage konnte ein degeneriertes Primersystem zum Nachweis eines Stoffwechselgens (geoA) bei Cyanobakterien entwickelt werden. Die Biomasse des Isolats Phormidium sp. P2r aus der Talsperre Saidenbach enthielt einerseits in besonders großen Mengen intrazelluläres Geosmin. Andererseits konnten aber auch im Kultivierungsmedium hohe Geosminkonzentrationen ermittelt werden. Durch die Anwendung des etablierten Primersystems konnte mit der isolierten, genomischen DNA dieses Cyanobakteriums ein Amplifikat erhalten und sequenziert werden. Durch die Anwendung weiterer Protokolle, wie beispielsweise degenerierte Primersysteme oder des Vectorette-Ansatzes konnte der bekannte Sequenzbereich deutlich vergrößert werden. Dabei stellte es sich heraus, dass Phormidium sp. P2r zwei sehr ähnliche Gene (geoA1 und geoA2) besitzt, die vermutlich koreguliert werden. Die mRNA-Expressionsuntersuchungen bestätigten die Expression beider Gene bei Licht und einer Temperatur im Bereich von 10 - 20 °C. Nach einer 24stündigen Dunkelphase konnte die Bildung der geoA-mRNA hingegen nicht mehr nachgewiesen werden, was die Vermutung bestätigt, dass die Aktivität der Gene reguliert und nicht konstitutiv ist. Eine Verbindung der Synthese von Geosmin zur Photosysnthese ist aber dennoch fraglich. Die molekularbiologische Bestimmung der Diversität von geoA in Proben des Phytobenthos aus der Talsperre Klingenberg offenbarte eine große Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Sequenzen. Dies könnte auf vielfältigste Geosmin produzierende Mikroorganismen hinweisen. Das Geruchsstoff-Bildungspotential der isolierten und charakterisierten Cyanobakterien wurde unter verschiedenen Testbedingungen ermittelt. Dabei wurde vor allem der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Nährstoffkonzentrationen sowie Lichtfarben einschließlich UV-Strahlung untersucht. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass alle getesteten Stämme zur Geosmin-Freisetzung befähigt waren und sich das Freisetzungsniveau massiv in Abhängigkeit des Besitzes von geoA unterschied. Bei grünem Licht, welches auch in den untersuchten Talsperren den dominierenden Spektralanteil im Wasserkörper darstellt, wurde neben dem Tageslicht das beste Wachstum benthischer Cyanobakterien ermittelt. Letztendlich konnte durch die Laborexperimente eine variable Geosminbildung sowie ein unterschiedlicher Einfluss der Testbedingungen festgestellt werden. In der Talsperre Klingenberg konnte im Juni 2007 ein Gehalt von bis zu mehr als 70 ng Geosmin/L Oberflächenwasser bei einer Geruchsschwellenkonzentration von 1 ng/L (Young et al., 1996) ermittelt werden. Die Herkunft dieses Geruchsstoffs kann mit den Ergebnissen dieser Arbeit eindeutig den benthischen Cyanobakterien zugeordnet werden. Von besonderer Bedeutung war die Feststellung, dass der Besitz von geoA unter den benthischen Cyanobakterien der drei untersuchten Talsperren mit etwa 33 % der unterschiedlichen rbcL-Genotypen nicht weit verbreitet war. Die Rolle der anderen Cyanobakterien darf jedoch nicht unterschätzt werden, da z. B. hohe Geruchsstoff-Konzentrationen in der Talsperre Klingenberg bei einer deutlichen Dominanz von Oscillatoria sp. zustande kamen, aber alle als Oscillatoria klassifizierten Isolate geoA negativ waren. Eine Vorhersage der Entwicklung benthischer Cyanobakterien in den Talsperren kann auch mit den Ergebnissen dieser Arbeit nicht getroffen werden. Dazu ist die Reaktion der Cyanobakterien auf unterschiedliche Umweltfaktoren wie diese bei der Geruchsstoff-Bildung getestet wurden zu mannigfaltig. Wenn Cyanobakterien im Phytobenthos der Talsperren nachweisbar sind, könnte eine Prognose zur weiteren Entwicklung unter Berücksichtigung der zu erwartenden Veränderungen der Rahmenbedingungen, wie vor allem des Staupegels gegeben werden. Zur Ausbildung stabiler Cyanobakterien-Matten wie diese in der Talsperre Cranzahl 2007 vorhanden waren, ist sicherlich eine längerfristige Stabilität verschiedener und bislang noch unbekannter Rahmenbedingungen nötig. Obwohl die Dominanz der Cyanobakterien bei der Bildung von Geruchsstoffen im Phytobenthos in ähnlichen Habitaten auf Grund dieser Untersuchungen nicht mehr in Frage gestellt werden wird, ist dennoch die Möglichkeit gegeben, dass möglicherweise unter anderen Voraussetzungen und Bedingungen auch andere, nicht näher untersuchte Mikroorganismengruppen wie Aktinomyceten intensiv Geruchsstoffe in Talsperren bilden könnten.

Krūties vėžys yra dažniausia Lietuvos ir viso pasaulio moterų onkologinė liga. Ši liga pasižyminti nevienoda eiga, todėl molekulinė vėžio analizė yra labai svarbi. Šiuo metu ligos eiga prognozuojama, remiantis riboto informatyvumo klinikinių žymenų sistema, o gydymui tik pavieniais atvejais skiriami atrankūs vaistai, nukreipti į ligą sukėlusį genetinį pakitimą. Naviko molekulinė analizė padeda aptikti pažaidas vėžio genuose ar jų raiškos pakitimus ir informuoja apie ligos išsivystymo priežastis, padeda prognozuoti ligos progresavimo tikimybę, atskleidžia taikinius naujos kartos gydymo priemonėms. Siekiant įvertinti krūties vėžio epigenetinių biožymenų efektyvumą mes tyrėme reguliacinių genų, dalyvaujančių ląstelės ciklo kontrolėje, signalų perdavime, apoptozėje ir DNR reparacijoje, promotoriaus sekų hipermetilinimą. Tyrimui buvo atrinktos 76 pirminės ankstyvos stadijos (pT1-2) krūties karcinomos. Metilinimo pakitimai promotoriaus sekoje buvo tiriami septyniuose naviką slopinančiuose genuose (p14, p16, RARβ, RASSF1A, DAPK, GSTP1 ir MGMT), taikant metilinimui jautrią PGR. „Tikro laiko“ PGR metodas buvo įdiegtas epigenetinių pakitimų tyrimams cirkuliuojančioje vėžio DNR, išskirtoje iš ligonių kraujo plazmos. Didžioji dalis ankstyvos stadijos krūties karcinomų (63/76) turėjo bent vieno tirto geno hipermetilinimą. Bendras epigenetinių žymenų informatyvumas – 83%. Dažniausiai hipermetilinimas krūties karcinomose nustatytas gene RASSF1A (56/76). Statistinė analizė parodė... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of women in Lithuania and word-wide. The course of disease differ markedly among patients, therefore molecular characterisation of tumour is very important. However, current prognostic markers are mainly based on clinical parameters and do not enable a reliable selection of the patients with high risk of disease progression. Molecular characterisation of tumour through detection of changes in cancer-related genes can help to estimate the risk of cancer progression, detect the molecular targets for modern treatment strategies. In order to evaluate the suitability of epigenetic biomarkers for molecular characterisation of breast cancer we analysed promoter hypermethylation in a wide panel of regulatory genes involved in cell cycle control, signalling, apoptosis and DNA repair. 76 primary breast carcinomas of early stage (pT1-2) were selected for the study. Aberrant methylation in promoter regions of seven tumour suppressor genes (p16, p14, RARβ, RASSF1A, DAPK, GSTP1 and MGMT) was analysed by means of methylation-specific PCR. The “Real Time” PCR method was adapted for detection of epigenetic changes in circulating tumour DNA from plasma of cancer patients. Most of the early-stage breast tumours (63/76) exhibited hypermethylation in at least one gene involved in analysis. The overall sensitivity of the epigenetic biomarkers was 83%. Gene RASSF1A was the most frequently (56 of 76 cases) hypermethylated gene in breast tumours... [to full text]

-Introduction a des problèmes cognitifs chez les corvidés : - deux oiseaux, un grand corbeau et un geai ont appris à discriminer différentes quantités numériques, un de trois, un de quatre, de cinq, de six et deux de trois. - complètement de séries logiques d'images abstraites et concrètes en référence au test d'intelligence de R. B. Cattell : une série de trois images représente une même figure à des stades d'évolution différents. La figure est soit une image de type géométrique, soit plus familière a l'oiseau (dessins d'aliments). Dans le prolongement de la série, des images de même nature, mais a des stades différents, sont représentées sur les couvercles de deux, trois ou quatre boites. Le sujet doit ouvrir la boite dont l'image sur son couver- clé est celle qui complète logiquement la série. Une seule bonne réponse est possible. Chaque série proposée est unique et n'est présentée qu'une seule fois. Certaines séries sont très bien complétées, elles représentent le plus grand nombre, d'autres le sont incorrectement. Le geai semble donc capable de comprendre la relation logique entre les images, et peut sélectionner la bonne réponse parmi deux ou trois images au choix (a partir de quatre images, les réponses sont proches du hasard). Cette sélection nécessite dans certains cas l'utilisation d'une relation d'ordre strict entre les figures proposées
-Introduction to cognitive problems in crows: - a raven and a black throated jay were trained to make numerical discriminations, one from three, four, five, six, and two from three. - Completion of logical series of abstract and concrete pictures : a series of three pictures presented the same figure but at different points of its spatial evolution. The figure is either abstract (geometrical) or concrete (drawings of food). Following this reading test, the same pictures (but at different stages) are presented on two, three or four box lids. The bird has to open the lid showing a picture that logically completes the presented series. Only one solution is possible. Each series is unique and is presented only once. Most of the series are well completed, some others are incorrectly solved. The bird seems to be able to understand the logical relationship between the three pictures and to choose the correct solution from among two or three pictures (out of three boxes, the failure is due to a too large number of pictures to consider). In certain cases, this choice requires the use of a strict order relationship between the pictures

Le développement rapide de l’informatique mobile a donné lieu à l’apparition et à la popularisation de téléphones mobiles dits intelligents ou smart phones (ex.: iPhone, HTC, etc.) dont le nombre et les performances sans cesse croissantes en font de potentielles plateformes alternatives aux ordinateurs de bureau. Cette avancée technologique a contribué à l’émergence d’une nouvelle catégorie d’acteurs du monde des affaires n’ayant pas de bureau fixe, travaillant directement sur le terrain dans divers endroits (à la maison, en voiture, en avion, chez le client, à l’hôtel, chez le fournisseur, etc.) à l’aide d’équipements mobiles ou nomades, et se déplaçant partout où les affaires l’exigent pour assurer la compétitivité de leurs organisations: ce sont les travailleurs mobiles parmi lesquels on retrouve un grand nombre de décideurs. Étant donné ce monde des affaires de plus en plus compétitif où les gens d’affaires sont de plus en plus mobiles et confrontés à la nécessité de prendre des décisions de plus en plus rapides et efficaces basées sur des analyses pertinentes, l’aide à la prise de décision en mobilité s’avère indispensable. Pour leur apporter une telle aide, la présente thèse de doctorat propose d'aller au-delà du simple accès à distance à une plateforme d’intelligence d’affaire géo-spatiale ou non géo-spatiale (GeoBI/BI) comme le proposent les solutions actuelles. Elle propose de prendre également en considération la localisation et le contexte de travail du décideur/analyste mobile dans l’aide à la décision, et d’enrichir sémantiquement les données d’affaire. Afin de proposer une telle solution de GeoBI mobile sémantiquement augmentée et sensible au contexte mobile du décideur, la présente thèse s’est attelée d’une part à identifier, modéliser et enrichir les informations contextuelles pertinentes pour supporter un raisonnement GeoBI basé sur le contexte, et s’est évertuée d’autre part à proposer une solution d’augmentation sémantique des données d’affaire GeoBI qui permettrait de mettre en exergue les [cor]relations sémantiques pouvant exister entre les données. Un prototype mettant en œuvre une application mobile sensible au contexte et une architecture orientée services web a été développé et testé comme preuve de concept. Les tests ont montré que celui-ci permettait par exemple de soumettre et de visualiser le resultat de requêtes contextuelles du type : « dans un rayon de 5 km autour de ma position actuelle, quelles sont les compagnies partenaires ayant des relations de concurrence avec nos actionnaires et dont le chiffre d’affaire des deux années précédentes dépasse chacune le million ; les relations de partenariat/actionnariat pouvant être transitives, symétriques ou avoir la même sémantique ? »
The rapid development of mobile computing has enabled the emergence and popularization of mobile devices whose increasing number and computing capabilities position them as potential alternative platforms to desktop computers. This technological progress has contributed to the emergence of a new category of business actors having no permanent workplaces, spending very short time in their offices, working directly on the field in various locations (home, car, plane, with the client at the hotel at the supplier, etc.) by using mobile and nomadic devices, and moving to places where business requires them: these are mobile workers including a large number of decision makers. Given this increasingly competitive business world where decision makers are increasingly mobile and are facing the need to take faster and suitable decisions based on relevant analysis, these mobile business people deserve to be supported with appropriate mobile decision support systems (DSS). To give an improved support to these mobile business professionals, this PhD thesis proposes to go further than just allowing a simple remote access to a Geospatial or non-geospatial Business Intelligence (GeoBI/BI) platform as do current solutions. It also proposes to take into account the location and the context of mobile professionals, and to enrich semantically BI data. To propose such a semantically augmented and context-based mobile GeoBI solution, the present thesis has endeavored on the one hand, to identify, model and enrich contextual information that is relevant to support GeoBI context-based reasoning. On the other hand, it has strived to provide a solution that semantically enriches business data in order to help decision makers discover semantic [cor]relations which might exist between the data. A prototype implementing a context-aware mobile application and a services-oriented architecture has been developed and tested as a proof of concept. These tests has shown among other things, that the prototype was able to answer and visualize the result of contextual queries such as: “Within 5 km around my current position, what are partnering companies that are competing with our owners; with the possibility of partnership/ownership relationships to be transitive, symmetric, or have the same semantics?”

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Esta tese examinou o impacto da dimensão geográfica no acesso aos serviços hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil, com base em dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) para o ano de 2000 e, distinguindo padrões relativos aos serviços de uso mais freqüente e aos serviços mais complexos, demonstrou que as desigualdades em relação à acessibilidade geográfica têm efeitoexpressivo na utilização dos serviços de saúde, comprometendo os ideais de equidade no atendimento. Foram investigadas as redes eselecidas pelos fluxos de pacientes entre omunicípio de internação e o de sua residência. O arcabouço da rede e os níveis hierárquicos dos municípios que constituem os nós foram definidos pelo método do fluxo dominante, e os fluxos foram classificados para avaliar o grau de interconexão das redes. Foram ajustados modelos aditivos generalizados mistos, utilizando inferência Bayesiana, para avaliar os fatores condicionantes do acesso das populações aos serviços de saúde oferta dos serviços, distância para o atendimento, e condições sócio econômicas. Considerando que parâmetros nacionais médios podem esconder diferenças locais importantes, os modelos incorporam também a dimensão espacial.
Os serviços de uso mais freqüente estão disponíveis na maior parte do territórionacional, e os de maior complexidade concentram-se em poucos locais. As redes do primeiro tipo alcançam quase todos os municípios do país, nas redes de alta complexidade estão desconectados cerca da metade dos municípios brasileiros. Observa-se também uma associação entre melhor cobertura no território e menordesigualdade na distribuição das probabilidades relativas de internação padronizadas por sexo e idade. Para os serviços de uso mais freqüente, a probabilidade de internação aumenta com a disponibilidade de leitos e de atenção básica, e com a capacidade deinternação local; diminui quando são maiores as distâncias a percorrer, nos municípios de maior população, e naqueles de renda familiar per capita mais alta. Para os serviços de maior nível de complexidade, representados pela cirurgia de revascularização domiocárdio, a probabilidade de internação aumenta com a disponibilidade de leitos e de consultas em cardiologia, nas regiões mais densamente ocupadas e de mais alta renda familiar, e diminui com o aumento da distância a percorrer. Para os dois tipos de serviços, os padrões da componente espacial apontam tendências divergentes. No modelo referido aos procedimentos mais freqüentes, as alterações introduzidas atuam num sentido compensatório; em relação à cirurgia cardíaca, elas reiteram e aprofundam os efeitos nacionais médios das variáveis explicativas.

Le transistor à ionisation par impact (I-MOS) est une nouvelle architecture présentant l'avantage de s'affranchir de la barrière des 60mV/dec à température ambiante, qui limite la pente sous le seuil de l'architecture MOSFET classique. Le I-MOS se présente comme une diode PiN dont la zone intrinsèque est partiellement recouverte par une grille. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'évaluer les performances du I-MOS comme candidat potentiel à « l'après CMOS », à la fois du point de vue du dispositif unitaire et dans un environnement circuit. Nous avons étudié le dispositif par le biais de simulations TCAD, afin de comprendre le dispositif et d'analyser la physique mise en jeu dans ce transistor. Nous avons fabriqué nos dispositifs sur substrats SOI, Si1-xGexOI et GeOI et proposé un procédé innovant de réalisation du I-MOS. Les dispositifs réalisés ont été testés électriquement afin de vérifier les propriétés fondamentales du I-MOS (2mV/dec mesurés...) et de comparer les performances du I-MOS avec celles des MOSFET co-intégrés. Le fonctionnement des I-MOS en mode tunnel bande à bande a aussi été observé. Nous avons également développé un modèle analytique pour le I-MOS qui décrit correctement le fonctionnement électrique du dispositif. Ce modèle a ensuite été intégré dans un environnement SPICE pour réaliser des simulations de circuits à base de I-MOS.

abstract: Big data that contain geo-referenced attributes have significantly reformed the way that I process and analyze geospatial data. Compared with the expected benefits received in the data-rich environment, more data have not always contributed to more accurate analysis. “Big but valueless” has becoming a critical concern to the community of GIScience and data-driven geography. As a highly-utilized function of GeoAI technique, deep learning models designed for processing geospatial data integrate powerful computing hardware and deep neural networks into various dimensions of geography to effectively discover the representation of data. However, limitations of these deep learning models have also been reported when People may have to spend much time on preparing training data for implementing a deep learning model. The objective of this dissertation research is to promote state-of-the-art deep learning models in discovering the representation, value and hidden knowledge of GIS and remote sensing data, through three research approaches. The first methodological framework aims to unify varied shadow into limited number of patterns, with the convolutional neural network (CNNs)-powered shape classification, multifarious shadow shapes with a limited number of representative shadow patterns for efficient shadow-based building height estimation. The second research focus integrates semantic analysis into a framework of various state-of-the-art CNNs to support human-level understanding of map content. The final research approach of this dissertation focuses on normalizing geospatial domain knowledge to promote the transferability of a CNN’s model to land-use/land-cover classification. This research reports a method designed to discover detailed land-use/land-cover types that might be challenging for a state-of-the-art CNN’s model that previously performed well on land-cover classification only.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Geography 2019

碩士
華梵大學
美術學系碩士班
102
Ink painting is a fascinating art that has been passed on since ancient time. Many literati long and learn to imitate the artistic conceptions of ancient topple. The majority of famous masters started out with the imitation of the fundamental techniques of ancient people. Nonetheless, it is highly important lesson to imitate the ancient people without being totally controlled by the styles of ancient people, in order to create own styles and artistic concepts. The paper starts out from the ancient techniques integrated with the cultural context of the creator, thereby to create ink paintings with exceptional styles and apply the concepts of “Immortal Gebai” throughout the paper, in attempt to interpret the artistic characteristics of the author. This paper is divided into six chapters: Chapter One: The introduction provides a description on the research motives and purpose of author. The chapter then discusses how to integrate and present new concepts using the deformationism of characters in late Ming Dynasty, identify research scope, including the deformation styles of Chen Hong-Shou and contemporary elements such as popular language in youth, comic caricature, and mask culture, in addition to explaining the research methods employed by the paper. Chapter Two: Detailed analysis on the impact of deformationism. Through the presentation approach to the deformed characters of Chen Hong-Shou, the paper explores into the styles in learning the grace and plainness of ancient people as well as the peculiarity and overwhelming concepts of artistic styles, in addition to the separation and reunion between self and reality. The paper also discusses the special artistic style presented under the interactions between the two. Chapter Three: Detailed analysis on the impact of contemporary elements: The chapter is divided into three sections, namely the impact and use of popular language in Taiwanese youth, presentation of comic caricature paintings, and the sorrow under the mask, which describes how the contemporary elements affect the ink paintings of this paper. Chapter Four: The chapter analyzes and explains personal creativity concepts and formation and styles and concepts of creativity. The chapter expounds into the painting presentation of the author through the artistic styles of Chen Hong-Shou’s paintings and the impact of contemporary elements, in addition to preparing a comprehensive analysis on the drawing, ink, styles, artistic conceptions, and media. Chapter Five: Analysis on personal creation. The chapter provides in-depth analysis on the “Immortal Gebai” series and discusses the concepts and formation of personal arts. Chapter Six: Conclusion. The conclusion describes the expectation and prospects for the future with consideration on the conflicts and fusion between the co-existence of traditional ink painting and the contemporary culture.

碩士
玄奘大學
中國語文學系碩士在職專班
97
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the adaptation techniques ranging from version of the closet play to that of the theatre play in Zhui Bai Qiu, the assorted Kunqu Opera collection during the mid-Qianlong period, as well as the artistic impact and meaning of the adapted plays. Chapter 1 illustrates the collection history, stylistic structures and functions of the Zhui Bai Qiu, followed by the clarification on the scope of study and the explanation of the research approach. Chapter 2 and 3 investigate the adaptation techniques in Zhui Bai Qiu, which will be divided into two categories—revised adaptation and creative adaptation. Chapter 2 labors upon four types of revision techniques, which are division, alteration, elimination, and expansion. The adapted characters, plots, and theme through division, alteration, and elimination generally remain in line with the tone of the original work. However, the effect of expanded adaptation is slightly different, through which plot development, interpretation, and viewing focus will be intensified and even stretched. Chapter 3 attempts to rationalize another technique—creative adaptation—in Zhui Bai Qiu. Section I discusses the Thirteen Gezai Xi adapted by Liyuan performers, while section II analyzes the ending style of Kunqu Gezai Xi in the Zhui Bai Qiu. After the description of the adaptation techniques, Chapter 4 discusses artistic effects of adaptation in the Zhui Bai Qiu, including theme-based exaggeration performance, fuller image-shaping of the characters, additional humorous elements, and the combination of singing and dancing for an added enjoyable experience. One of the reasons Liyuan Theatre often creates adaptation dissimilar to the original play is to respond to the viewing preference of the contemporary audience. Therefore, the first three sections in Chapter 5 will seek to interpret audience’s viewing angle by examining such aspects in the adapted Zhui Bai Qiu as panegyrizing virtues and cultural values, possible plot indication at each turning points, and the employment of supporting roles and antagonist. The last section discusses rhythmic development of props in the Zhui Bai Qiu. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the thesis by pointing out the direction in which the study of the Zhui Bai Qiu can be furthered and broadened.

碩士
國立交通大學
電子研究所
100
This thesis theoretically investigates the impact of quantum confinement on subthreshold swing and backgate-bias modulated Vth characteristics for UTB GeOI and InGaAs-OI devices using an analytical solution of Schrödinger equation verified with device simulation. Our study indicates that the quantum confinement effect may improve the subthreshold swing of high mobility channel UTB devices especially when the carrier centroid is closer to the backgate interface, for example, applying positive backgate bias (Vbg) for multi-Vth application. Due to the quantum confinement effect, the subthreshold swing variation due to channel thickness variation for short-channel UTB devices can be suppressed. Besides, the sensitivity of Vth to Vbg increases after considering the quantum confinement effect for UTB devices with triangular potential well. The suppressed Vth roll-off effect due to quantum confinement becomes more significant under forward backgate bias. In addition, we have incorporated the wavefunction penetration effect into our quantum-confinement model for UTB MOSFETs with high-k gate dielectric. Since Ge, InGaAs, and Si channels exhibit different degree of quantum confinement (due to different quantization effective mass), the impact of quantum confinement has to be considered when one-to-one comparisons among UTB GeOI, InGaAs-OI and SOI MOSFETs are made. Our study may provide insights for multi-Vth device/circuit designs using advanced UTB GeOI and InGaAs-OI technologies.