Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géochimie – Brésil'
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Dani, Norberto. "Pétrologie des altérations postmagmatiques et météoriques des roches alcalines de Lages, SC [Santa Catarina], Brésil." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2345.
Full textComin, Fischer Adriane. "Pétrographie et géochimie des phases silicieuses de géodes minéralisées en améthyste (région du Alto Uruguai, RS, Brésil)." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30085.
Full textAlecrim, José Duarte. "Analyse multivariable et cartographie automatique en prospection géochimique stratégique : sédiments de ruisseau de Cristiano Otoni, Mg-Brésil." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL043N.
Full textInnocent, Christophe. "Contribution des isotopes à longue période à la connaissance de l'altération de la croûte continentale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30094.
Full textSans-Jofre, Pierre. "L' environnement post-marinoen (ca. 635 ma) : une étude multi-proxy de la plateforme carbonatée du Groupe d'Araras (Mato Grosso, Brésil)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077166.
Full textThe occurrence of low latitude glacial deposits in the Neoproterozoic is the basis of the Snowball Earth hypothesis, which postulates the planet had been completely covered by ice. The recovery from such an extreme climatic state would occur through an extreme greenhouse event. In this thesis we have combined sedimentological studies, geochemistry, magnetic methods and isotopic studies to investigate the Neoproterozoic carbonate platform of Araras, which is correlated to the Marinoan post-glacial successions. Five sections were sampled across the platform. Our results show that the dolomitic succession in the inner shelf sections is deposited in a progressive context, being then covered by transgressive limestones. Redox conditions were deduced from an integrated study, combining trace elements, magnetic mineralogy and iron speciation, which indicate oxic conditions in the shallower facies and relatively more reduced conditions at deeper facies. Multi-isotopic analyses of sulfur and carbon suggest that the end of the glacial event and the post-glacial transgression is accompanied by depletion in the sulfur reservoir, due to the increase in both primary productivity and bacterial sulfate reduction. Carbon isotopic composition of carbonate and associated organic matter in the cap carbonates indicate a maximum CO2 atmospheric concentration of 3200 ppmv. This concentration is coherent with Oa concentrations for the Neoproterozoic and with the ocean pH necessary for the widespread deposition of carbonate successions by that time. Yet, it is significantly lower than that predicted by numerical models of deglaciation
Villela, de Oliveira Lessa Douglas. "Paléocéanographie du système d'upwelling de Cabo Frio (Rio de Janeiro) durant les 12000 dernières années déduite de la géochimie et des assemblages de foraminifères planctoniques." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066806.
Full textMougeot, Rémy. "Etude de la limite archéen-protérozoi͏̈que et des minéralisations Au,+U associées : exemples des régions de Jacobina (Etat de Bahia, Brésil) et de Carajas (Etat de Para, Brésil)." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20131.
Full textGiral, Sylvie. "Variations des rapports isotopiques 18O/16O des kaolinites de deux profils latéritiques amazoniens : signification pour la pédologie et la paléoclimatologie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30026.
Full textAbreu, de Barros Angela Maria. "Evolution du taux des produits d'oxydation des lignines, de l'acide humides et des acides fulviques dans les sediments holocenes recents de la lagune de guarapina, rio de janeiro, bresil." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN10072.
Full textMathieu, Daniel. "Apport des isotopes à vie moyenne de l'uranium et du thorium, du 210 pb dans l'étude de l'altération latéritique : l'exemple des pédogenèses sur roche basique (bassin du Parana) et sur roche acide (massif de Pitinga), Brésil." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30068.
Full textRudowski, Luc. "Pétrologie et géochimie des granites transamazoniens de Campo Formoso et Carnaiba (Bahia, Brésil), et des phlogopites à émeraudes associées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067133.
Full textSalgado, André Augusto Rodrigues. "Etude de l’évolution du relief du Quadrilátero Ferrífero, MG – Brésil, par la quantification du processus d’érosion et dénudation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30021.
Full textThis work investigates the evolution of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero landscape, Minas Gerais - Brazil, by measuring the erosion and denudation processes that affect this region. Two methodologies were used to assess such processes: (i) physical-chemical and chemical analyses of the superficial waters that drain the region (present geochemical denudation); (ii) measurement of the in situ-production of the cosmogenic 10Be isotope in fluvial sediments (long-term total denudation) and in outcropping rocks and quartz veins (long-term total erosion). The results show that the combination of the various methods adopted in this work makes a thorough geomorphologic analysis possible. Regarding the geomorphology, the results show that taking into consideration the same rock type, the areas next to the headwaters undergo more intense erosion and denudation processes than those ones next to the base levels. A differential denudation is also attested quantitatively: the quartzites and itabirites constitute the most resistant rocks; schists and phyllites are of intermediate resistance; granites-gneisses, of low resistance, and marbles/dolomites are the most fragile. The results also indicate that the hilltops are less intensely eroded that the bottom of the valleys, this demonstrates that the landscape is being dissected
Barroux, Gwénaël. "Etude biogéochimique d'un système lacustre de la plaine d'inondation amazonienneCas de la varzea de Curuai (Para, Brésil)." Toulouse 3, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086496.
Full textThe Amazon Rivers catchments area is composed of 5% area of floodplain. The question is “how does this area impact the biogeochemistry of the Amazon main stem?”. In the present study we tried to overview many aspects of floodplain chemical operation through the observation of the “Lago Grande de Curuaí” floodplain. We carried a particular interest on the water dissolved phase chemistry (<0. 22µm) and its relationship with the behaviour of maturating bed load sediment and the occurrence of phytoplanktonic productivity climax. We also proposed a quantification of elemental fluxes and stocks in the vegetation reservoir, which are comparable to those of the Amazon River. Thanks to a hydrological computation of the floodplain, we are able to give detailed sources participation, fluxes and stocks of dissolved element in the floodplain at the internal scale and the whole system scale. This computation model allows us to present some clues of the recycling of element through the vegetation and through physic-chemical processes that occurs mainly on redox sensitive element (Mn, Fe). Amazonian floodplains appear to be an important sink of metals such as Mn and Fe but are essentially transit places for the majority of elements. So the Amazonian floodplains present an “in time” impact on the Amazon River as its essentially collect element from the Amazon during rising water stage and deliver it during falling water stage with a percentage of fluxes that might reach significant level. So they are important actors of the temporal distribution of dissolved element in the Amazon River and might be considered in any element transfer model from land to the oceans
Bongiolo, Everton Marques. "Intégration de données minéralogiques, isotopes stables (O, H) et porosité de roche (14C-PMMA) dans la reconnaissance de l'évolution de l'altération dans le système hydrothermal de Lavras do Sul-RS, Brésil." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2334.
Full textBarroux, Gwénaël Alexandre. "Etude biogéochimique d'un système lacustre de la plaine d'inondation amazonienne : Cas de la varzea de Curuai (Para, Brésil)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00086496.
Full textAltamirano, Flores Juan Antonio. "Minéralogie et géochimie des altérations métasomatiques et hydrothermales des roches aux épontes de la minéralisation à fluorine de la mine Rio dos Bugres, Santa Catarina, Brésil." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2346.
Full textCoutinho, Luiz Felipe Carvalho. "Analyse du bilan de matière du pétrole dans une région en phase d’exploitation avancée – bassin de Reconcavo, Brésil." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811915.
Full textThe mass balance study for the generated, migrated and accumulated petroleum constitutes an important tool for quantification of the petroleum systems providing indication for the comprehension of the oil distribution in a studied basin, whether it is a very explored province or a frontier area. This thesis has established a methodology for a mass balance construction in a petroleum system on a real case study. It is not only interested on the quantification of its charges and losses, but equally in its compositional aspects. The known hydrocarbon accumulation were used as a criteria for calibration of the mass balance parameters. It was chosen the Reconcavo basin, located at the Northeastern part of Brazil to this study. The basin is an aborted rift created during the fragmentation of the Gondwana supercontinent, during Lower Cretaceous. The quite known stage of exploration of the Reconcavo basin has contributed to the reduction of uncertainties concerning charges and losses, important issues to the definition of mass balance The large number of parameters that influence the mass balance were then calibrated on a precise way. For its acquisition it was used a geochemical protocol involving the kinetic-compositional description of the Tauá and Gomo Members (Candeias Formation), the main source rocks of the basin. A restoration law of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) was obtained through the results of the thermogravimetric experiments and also by Rock-Eval analysis. A second part of this work integrated these geochemical results in a sequential scheme of petroleum system modelings (1D, 2D and 3D). A thermal history calibration apart from the maturation data was used to obtain the source term. Later on, generation, expulsion and migration were modeled. These results provided the elements of mass balance for the Reconcavo basin showing that 8% of the expelled oil from the source rocks was accumulated, 16% was lost at the porous framework of the non-reservoir rocks and 76% left the system laterally or through exsudation, during its geological evolution
Cogné, Nathan. "Réactivation post-rift de la marge sud-est du Brésil." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739050.
Full textCarvalho, Coutinho Luiz Felipe. "Analyse du bilan de matière du pétrole dans une région en phase d'exploitation avancée - bassin de Reconcavo, Brésil." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811915.
Full textRatié, Gildas. "Fractionnement isotopique naturel et anthropique du nickel en contexte ultrabasique : le cas des massifs de Niquelândia et Barro Alto (Etat du Goiás, Brésil)." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112229/document.
Full textThe Centre region the West of Brazil possesses ultramafic massifs (UM) with coats lateritic representatives of the reserves and so the important economic resources of Ni. These nickelifere massifs allow to study the cycle of Ni under anthropological constraints by a multidisciplinary approach, associating chemical characterizations, physical measures, solid speciation, and the isotopic drawing of sources and the processes affecting the nickel. This work focused on the use of the isotopes of Ni as tracer aimed at identifying the isotopic signature within several compartments in interactions some with the others (source rock, saprolite, laterite, soil and plants) and to associate the fractionation observed in the biogeochemical processes. Furthermore, because of their economic resources, the studied massifs, Barro Alto and Niquelândia, undergo an important, mining and metallurgical anthropological pressure. So, they offer an opportunity to study the isotopic fractionation of the nickel associated with its anthropological cycle, and to see if it is possible to identify the anthropological contribution in the natural cycle of Ni by its isotopic signature. The results showed that the weathering of rocks UB leads to an isotopic fractionation of Ni, being translated by a loss in heavy isotopes of the solid phase with a Δ⁶⁰Ni of - 0,47 ‰ between the bedrock and the top-soil. This division seems associated at least partially with the incorporation and with the sorption of the light isotopes in iron oxides during the remobilization of Ni. This enrichment in light isotopes in the solid part leads to a heavier isotopic composition in the dissolved phase (waters of massifs: 0.50 ‰ < δ⁶⁰Ni < 0,70 ‰). The saprolitic zone presents an important variation of isotopic signature (δ⁶⁰Ni) from -0,04 ‰ to 1,41 ‰. For samples presenting a heavy isotopic signature, Ni is mainly within the serpentine strongly substituted, when the lighter signatures are in connection with a proportion of Ni more important within the goethite. In a system as this one with a significant number of Ni-bearing phases, it is however very difficult to establish a link between the solid speciation and the isotopic composition. The role of plants in the cycle of Ni was approached by studying the isotopic fractionation of Ni in three species of hyperaccumulating plants of Ni and two species of tolerant plants. There is an isotopic fractionation during the transfer of Ni between the stem and the leaf, which is systematically enriched in heavy isotopes of Ni. The leaves are the compartments of the plants where the Ni contents are the most important. The enrichment in heavy isotopes of Ni in leaves with regard to soils (- 1,05 ± 0,03 ‰ < Δ⁶⁰Ni_sol-feuilles < - 0,06 ± 0,12 ‰) seems to indicate that the return and the decomposition of this organic matter at soil level will come along with a contribution in heavy isotopes of Ni in the soil. The pyrometallurgical activity lead to an isotopic fractionation during the smelting process in reducing conditions which leads to the formaton of the reduction slag. These slags present an enrichment in heavy isotopes (δ⁶⁰Ni = 0,18 ± 0,05 ‰) compared with the feeding material (δ⁶⁰Ni = 0,08 ± 0,08 ‰) and the end product, the FeNi (δ⁶⁰Ni = 0,06 ± 0,02 ‰). Finally, this study shows that the use of the isotopes of Ni to decipher the Ni anthropogenic and natural is limited because of the low fractionation induced by the pyrometallurgical processes in the looks of the big variability of the natural samples within the literature (-1.03 ‰ < δ⁶⁰Ni < 2.50 ‰)
Bilal, Essaïd. "Etude de deux massifs de la province granitique stannifère de l'état de Goias (Brésil) et des formations métasomatiques associées aux minéralisations en Sn et Be." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01027570.
Full textMaurice, Laurence. "Sur les traces du mercure au fil de l'eau, des Andes à l'Amazone." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288015.
Full textNalini, Jr Hermínio Arias. "Caractérisation des suites magmatiques néoprotérozoiques de la région de Conselheiro Pena et Galileia (Minas Gerais, Brésil). Etude géochimique et structurale des suites Galileia et Urucum et relation avec les pegmatites à élements rares associées." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068666.
Full textPinto-Coelho, Cristina. "Évolution magmatique et hydrothermale du massif granitique de Serra-Branca-état de Goiás- Brésil : définition des processus d'altération post-magmatiques en liaison avec les minéralisations en Sn, Be et F." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL103N.
Full textMachado, da Silva Gleides Verônica. "Etude pétrologique, géochimique et structurale du massif granitique de Jussiape-Abaira (Bahia, Brésil). Modélisation du développement de l'orientation préférentielle 3D. Application à l'interprétation de la fabrique des roches granitiques." Limoges, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIMO0247.
Full textWalter, Anne-Véronique. "Caractérisation géochimique et minéralogique de l'altération de la carbonatite du complèxe alcalin de Juquia (Brésil), comportement des terres rares dans les minéraux phosphatés." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30008.
Full textCalarge, Liane Maria. "Etude minéralogique et géochimique des bentonites du sud du bassin du Parana (Acegua, Brésil et Melo, Uruguay)." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2320.
Full textSome tonsteins and bentonite beds are interlaminated in the Permian sedimentary formations of the Parana Basin. Two bentonite beds have been studied in Acegua (Brazil, RS) and Melo (Uruguay. They form massive pink layers, the composition of which is nearly monomineralic: pure well crystallized montmorillonite ([Si3. 94 Al0. 06] O10 (Al1. 40 Fe3+0. 11 Ti0. 02 Mg0. 49 Mn0. 01) (OH)2 Na0. 01 K0. 08 Ca0. 18). According to expandability differences in the Ca-, K- and K-Ca-saturated states, the smectite appears to be composed of 5 types of layers. Spider diagrams show that the montmorillonite derives from rhylotic and rhyo-dacitic volcanic glass at Melo and Acegua respectively. The bentonite bed of Melo result from the alteration of two ash deposits. The high amounts of calcium in smectites is due to alteration in lagoon water oversaturated with respect to calcite
Nalini, Jr Herminio A. "Caractérisation des suites magmatiques néoprotérozoiques de la région de Conselheiro Pena et Galileia (Minas Gerais, Brésil) : Etude géochimique et structurale des suites Galileia et Urucum et relation avec les pegmatites à élements rares associées." ENSMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0813.
Full textThe Conselheiro Pena and Galiléia region (Doce River valley) is located at the eastern Minas Gerais State (southeastern Brazil). Geologically, this region is included at the northern Mantiqueira structural province and Atlantic shear belt. It is formed by the gneiss of Early Proterozoic age, representing the regional basement, and by supracrustals sequences (micaschists of Rio Doce group and quartzites of Crenaque group) considered of Neoproterozoic age. Two deformational phases and a medium grade metamorphism (low amphibolite facies) affected the region during the Brasiliano cycle. The D1 phase is the main deformational phase of the region and it is associated to movements with an important dextral strike-slip shear. This phase is followed lately by D2 phase, characterized by extensional movements. We can observe two granitoid suites in this region: the Galiléia and the Urucum suites. The ascension and emplacement of these rocks are associated to the regional deformational phase D1. Within the Urucum suite leucogranites, this phase conditioned the trajectories of the magmatic flux foliation and lineation. Despite the lack of structural data in others regions of the Galiléia suite batholite, the obtained data in the studied region show the importance of the D1 deformational phase during the Galiléia batholite evolution. The Galiléia suite granitoids (594 ±6 Ma, zircon U-Pb age) are made of tonalites, granodiorites, granites and micro granites. These rocks frequently include magmatic enclaves. These granitoids are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. They show calc-alcaline affinity and they were formed under 10 kbar (30-35 km) and 850°C to 700°C. The mineralogical and geochemical data indicate an evolution from tonalite to microgranite. The Ti, Mg, Al, Fe, Ca, Mn, P, Co, Sc, V, Zn and Ni had a compatible behaviour. In the other way, Si, Na and K were incompatibles elements during the mainly evolutive history of these rocks. The mechanical mixing (mingling) and chemical reequilibrages processes observed between the enclaves and their host rocks, and the presence of two zircon populations show the hybrid character of this suite. Isotopic Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd studies indicates an origin from crustal melting rocks (lower crust) for the granitoids and their enclaves and confirm the reequilibrage between enclaves and host rocks. The Urucum suite leucogranites (582 ± 2 Ma; zircon V-Pb age) are represented by potassic megafeldspar granites (Urucum facies), medium to coarse deformed granites (palmital facies), tourmaline granites and pegmatite granites. These rocks are peraluminous and their composition nears the S type granites. They crystallized about 750-600°C and 4 kbar (12 km), within a fluid rich environment. The mineralogical and chemical studies suggest an evolution from the Urucum facies to the pegmatite granites and the compatible comportment of Mg, Ti, Fe, Ba, Zr, Th, Co, V, Zn, Ga, Ni, Cr and rare earth elements. The origin of this suite from the fusion of crustal rocks is confirmed by the isotopic Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd studies, by the zircon composition and typology and by the presence of inherited zircon nucleus. Field observations together with mineralogical and chemical studies show a close relationship between the Urucum suite leucogranite and the rare element pegmatites of the region. The observed pegmatite geometry and kinematics indicate an emplacement controlled by the D1 deformational phase. The magmas that originated the pegmatites are fluid rich (bore). The pegmatites were emplaced about 540°C and 3. 2 kbar. Our data favored a genetic and emplacement model supporting a mantle and a crusted melting in a tranpressional tectonic regime associated with the end of the Brasiliano cycle during the Neoproterozoic. Our geochronological data added to others granitoids ones in the Atlantic shear belt indicate that the calc-alcalin magmatism occurred between 620 and 588 Ma and that the collisional crustal peraluminous magmatism occurred between 584 and 570 Ma. The Sm-Nd model ages of the Galiléia and Urucum suites are concentrated between 2300 and 1800 Ma indicating the important volume of the crust formed during the Transamazônico cycle in the genese of these suites
Santos, Pinto Marilda-Alves. "Le recyclage de la croûte continentale archéenne: Exemple du bloc du Gaviao - Bahia, Brésil." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675808.
Full textKouakoua, Ernest. "La matière organique et la stabilité structurale d'horizons de surface de sols ferrallitiques argileux : effet du mode de gestion des terres." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10016.
Full textMoreira, Wasserman Maria Angélica. "Etude géochimique du zinc, du cuivre, du fer et du strontium dans les sédiments et les matières en suspension des complexes fluviaux-lagunaires de guarapina,Brésil, et Leyre/Bassin d'Arcachon, France." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR10528.
Full textDreyfus, Sébastien. "Détermination directe des éléments traces (Ni, V, Cu, Mo, Sn, Ba, Pb) et de leurs rapports isotopiques dans les huiles brutes par ICP/MS. : Définition de nouveaux traceurs géochimiques et application à l'étude du système pétrolier du bassin de Portiguar (Brésil)." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3039.
Full textIn the recent years, intensive studies have been dedicated to the geochemical characterization of source rocks and basins. Traces and ultra trace metals in crude oils may be used as geochemical biomarkers in oil-oil or oil-source rock correlation, identification of source rocks depositional environment and in the quantification of oils thermal maturity and biodegradation levels. Elemental signatures such as Ni and V concentrations evolution in crude oils have already been used in oil-source correlation. However new parameters are needed to improve the general knowledge about migration, maturation, mixing and biodegradation of the oil from an inorganic or bioinorganic angle. Sensitive methods are then required to analyze other elements occurring in the petroleum in very low concentration (ex : Mo, Pb, Cu, Sn, Ba,. . . ) The instrumental limitations of the most common techniques used so far (GFAAS, WDXRF, ICP-AES), have been the main reason for the poor knowledge about inorganic constituents of crude oil? Performances of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) allow the detection of very low concentrations in an organic matrix. During this PhD, analytical methods were developed analyze directly metal elements, and measure lead isotope ratios in crude oil and its fractions (maltenes-asphaltenes) by ICP-MS after sample dilution in xylene. New elemental and isotopic tracers of oil source, maturation, contamination, or biodegradation have been identified