Academic literature on the topic 'Geocoris'

The Australian geocorine genera (Geocoris Fallén, Stylogeocoris Montandon and Germalus St aring l) are redefined and keyed, and a species-level revision of the first two named genera is undertaken. All known species are redescribed and the following new species described: Geocoris woodwardi, G. victoriensis, G. asetosus, G. borealis and Stylogeocoris maculatus. Geocoris hakeae Eyles is synonymised with Stylogeocoris biroi Montandon, the type species of Stylogeocoris. Three species of Geocoris (G. capricornutus Kirkaldy, G. convivus Distant and G. elongatus Distant) are transferred to Stylogeocoris.

Big-eyed bugs Geocoris spp. (Lygaeidae, Hemiptera) are small insects that is found in many parts of the world. They are beneficial because they eat a multitude of insect pests in agriculture. Big-eyed bugs Geocoris spp. are insects that receive research attention in Florida and elsewhere because of the benefits that this species give to plants (Mead, 2001). Big-eyed bugs reproduce many generations in a year on weeds, perennial crops, bushes. In spring the female big-eyed bugs start laying eggs on the bud, the leaves of the host plant. Understanding the biology and the role of predator Geocoris spp. in ecosystem will provide an alternative method in sustainable agriculture development. In this short review, we discuss some convenient diets for the application of mass rearing Geocoris spp.

The southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber, is the most important insect pest of St. Augustinegrass, Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze. Fifteen chinch bug infestations in St. Augustinegrass lawns in Florida were sampled by vacuuming. Additional vacuum samples were taken in 15 randomly selected St. Augustinegrass lawns. The big-eyed bug, Geocoris uliginosus Say, was the most frequent and abundant big-eyed bug found at the infestations. Data showed that big-eyed bugs (Geocoris spp.) were highly aggregated at chinch bug infestations. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between numbers of chinch bugs and big-eyed bugs at chinch bug infestations showing that big-eyed bugs had a numerical predator response to increasing chinch bug populations.

The representatives of the subfamily Geocorinae (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea) distributed in French Polynesia are reviewed. Germalus ashlocki sp. nov. is described. First occurrence of genus Geocoris Fallén and a Germalus Stål species from New Caledonia are recorded. Diagnoses, keys and discussion of taxa are provided.

Com o objetivo de verificar o efeito de inseticidas em insetos predadores em cultura de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), instalaram-se, em 1993-1994, dois experimentos, um no campo, e outro, em laboratório. No experimento realizado no campo, os tratamentos foram: Fipronil 200 SC (75 g/ha de i.a.); Fipronil 800 WDG (64, 80 e 100 g/ha de i.a.); Endosulfan 350 CE (700 g/ha de i.a.); e testemunha. Em laboratório, além das formulações à base de Fipronil foi utilizado o Paration metílico 600 CE (480 g/ha de i.a.). Fipronil foi seletivo para os artrópodes predadores (Scymnus sp., Geocoris ventralis, Cycloneda sanguinea e Doru lineare) no campo, e a Cycloneda sanguinea (L.), em laboratório, e pode ser recomendado em programas de manejo integrado de pragas na cultura do algodoeiro para o controle de Alabama argillacea (Rueb.), e Anthonomus grandis Boh. Endosulfan foi seletivo em relação a Scymnus sp., Geocoris ventralis Thomazini e Doru lineare (Eschs) no campo, com uma redução dos insetos inferior a 30%, e o Paration metílico não foi seletivo para C. sanguinea em laboratório.

Roundup Ready® soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in narrow-row planting systems were investigated in 1998 in Mississippi to evaluate the effects of the transgenic crop and glyphosate herbicide on pest and beneficial insects. Insects found in sufficient numbers for meaningful analysis included adult bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster); adult three-cornered alfalfa hopper, Spissistilus festinus (Say); adult big-eyed bug, Geocoris punctipes (Say), and; larvae of green cloverworm, Plathypena scabra (F.), and velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner). Populations of C. trifurcata, S. festinus, P. scabra and A. gemmatalis were not reduced in genetically altered Roundup Ready soybean, or by recommended (by label) or delayed applications of glyphosate. Numbers of G. punctipes also were not reduced in Roundup Ready soybean, but were reduced by recommended applications of glyphosate during weeks three and four following the second recommended herbicide application. Geocoris punctipes densities also were reduced at 1 and 2 wks after the first glyphosate application in plots in which the second application of glyphosate was delayed. Numbers of G. punctipes may have been indirectly reduced by glyphosate within sample weeks two and three because of variations in weed densities after treatment with the herbicide.

A field experiment using attached soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, leaves showed that fresh weight gain of Geocoris punctipes (Say) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) nymphs between days 14 and 21 was greater on ‘Govan’ and ‘Bragg’ leaves than on leaves of PI229358. Weight gain on ‘Govan’ leaves was greater than on PI171451 leaves. In the same experiment, there were no differences in fresh weight growth of G. punctipes nymphs on detached leaves of the four genotypes.

Geocoris bullatus (Say 1831), (Henriptera: Lygaeidae) has been collected and studied across North America but the present work is the first detailed study of western North American G. discopterus Stål 1874. In fact, it has been claimed that G. discopterus is solely a species of the east. As the two species are taxonomically difficult to separate, when they were apparently discovered together at several localities in the southwestern Yukon, a detailed investigation of their systematics and distribution seemed necessary. Species status of Yukon G. bullatus and G. discopterus was established morphologically using standard taxonomic characters. Biological species status was confirmed through breeding experiments. The life cycles of Yukon G. bullatus and G. discopterus were studied and significant differences were discovered in the generation time and phenology. G. discopterus is univoltine and usually overwinters in the adult stage, while G. bullatus is bivoltine and overwinters in the egg stage. Fat body dissections revealed adult G. discopterus fat body size increased toward the end of summer. No such trend was recognized in adult G. bullatus. Total fatty acid levels were assayed for each species, and adult G. discopterus were found to contain higher quantities than G. bullatus, perhaps correlating with the overwintering strategy in G. discopterus An investigation of the habitats occupied by each species was performed through an in depth vegetation analysis. G. discopterus was found to prefer xeric sites situated on south-facing slopes and outwash plains while G. bullatus occupied disturbed mesic roadsides and wastelands. Habitat preference differences coupled with phenological differences may account for the apparent sympatry of these two Geocoris species at some Yukon localities. Comparison of the xeric habitat of G. discopterus to known glacial relict sites in the interiors of Alaska, Yukon and Siberia reveal striking similarities. Late Pleistocene pollen cores also compare favorably with these G. discopterus habitats. In view of this and the disjunct North American distribution of G. discopterus, this species is hypothesized to be a relict species from the late Pleistocene ice age.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate

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A pesquisa surgiu do interesse em compreender como os pacientes terminais criam forças para viver mesmo com as inúmeras dificuldades e com as limitações ocasionadas pela doença e pelos efeitos colaterais dos tratamentos radicais. Com uma metodologia meio movediça que se constituiu ao longo do trabalho, a pesquisa contou com o acompanhamento de dois pacientes terminais e seus familiares e com o relato de duas pessoas que cuidaram de seus genitores, também diagnosticados como pacientes terminais, até o óbito. Dentre os procedimentos, houve o uso de entrevistas, de diários de familiares, de observações durante as visitas aos pacientes em suas residências e em suas várias idas aos hospitais em busca de tratamento médico. A imersão e produção do pensamento se deram nas confluências e conexões entre as experiências dos pacientes terminais, acumuladas durante os encontros com esses pacientes, com familiares e com a leitura atenta às teoriazações de Deleuze, de Guattari e de Nietzsche, dentre outros. As questões a seguir ajudaram a dar algum norteamento para o trabalho de pesquisa: como os pacientes em estado terminal experienciam o seu corpo no intermezzo vida e morte? Que acontecimentos são suscitados entre desacreditar de tudo e acreditar em momentos possíveis de saúde, ou seja, o que emerge entre a impotência e a potência do corpo? Que subjetivações/individuações nebulosas são criadas ou inventadas nesse entre vida e morte na superfície do corpo? Como esses corpos provocam/problematizam ou impactam as nossas noções tradicionais de corpo saudável e de corpo doente? E, o que mais importa para esses pacientes, quando experimentam o adoecimento de seu corpo? Tais questões foram desdobradas nos objetivos de detectar os modos como os pacientes em estado terminal experienciam possíveis momentos de velocidades lentas e/ou frenéticas de saúde para seus corpos, mesmo no estado de doença no qual se encontram; discutir os processos de subjetivação que se inscrevem nos corpos desses pacientes que são atravessados pelos estados de saúde, de adoecimento, de vida e de proximidade com a morte e problematizar os modos de reinvenção do corpo saudável criados por esses pacientes com os conceitos tradicionais de corpo, de saúde e de doença oriundos principalmente da biomedicina. Como principais resultados a experimentação do pensamento levou a criação do conceito de geocorpo e outros que o compõem como saúde possível, solidão rodeada, solidão miserável e corpo apaziguado corroborando a tese de que os pacientes em estado terminal inventam e reinventam suas subjetividades e percorrem um nebuloso movimento entre vida e morte, entre saúde e doença, que os forçam o repensar de outros modos de entendimento do corpo, da vida e da saúde. O corpo nesse intermezzo fomenta um movimento de dobras e de redobramentos percorrido por experiências de momentos de velocidades lentas e/ou frenéticas de saúde, (mesmo no estado de doença no qual se encontram, através da eliminação ou exclusão mental dos órgãos comprometidos) e tendem a providenciar uma saúde provisória para a sua própria existência. Um geocorpo que experiencia transmutar ou ver e dizer de si outros modos. O que possibilita comunicar com o desmanchamento do idêntico para dobrar o “outramento” (um outro de si, um outro de outro). A tese fomenta outras perspectivas de corpo humano para além do modelo orgânico, o que pode vir a ser uma contribuição para o Ensino de Ciências e para a com-vivência com/dos pacientes terminais.
The research came from the interest to comprehend how terminal patients get strength to live even they have many difficulties and limitations caused by the disease and the side effects of radical treatment. Considering a methodology that seems like a quicksand which was formed during the work, the research accompanied two terminal ill patients and their families and with the story of two people who cared for their parents, also diagnosed as terminal ill patients, until death. During the procedures, there were interviews, family diaries, observation during visits to patients in their homes and in their various visits to hospitals for medical treatment. Immersion and production of thought gave the confluences and connections between the experiences of terminal ill patients, accumulated during encounters with these patients and their families, and reading carefully the theories of Deleuze, Guattari, Niatzsche and other authors. The following questions helped to give some direction for the research: how terminal ill patients live their body in the intermezzo life and death? What events are raised between discredit everything and believe in possible times of health, in other words, what emerges between impotence and the power of the body? Which subjectivities / individualities nebulae are created or invented in this intermezzo between life and death on the body surface? How these bodies cause / problematize or impact our traditional notions of body healthy and diseased body? And what matters most for these patients when they experience illness of your body? Such questions were unfolded in the objectives of detecting the ways in which terminal ill patients experience possible times of slow speeds and / or frenetic health to their bodies, even in the disease state in which they find themselves; to discuss the subjectivity processes which are recorded on the bodies of these patients crossed by the states of health, illness, life and proximity to the death and to debate the healthy body reinvention modes created by these patients with traditional concepts of body , health and disease arising mainly from biomedicine. The main results experimentation of thought led to the concept of geocorpo and others that compose it as healthy as possible, surrounded by accompanied loneliness, miserable loneliness and appeased body supporting the thesis that terminal ill patients invent and reinvent their subjectivities and run a cloudy movement between life and death, health and disease, forcing these patients to rethinking about other body understanding modes of life and health. The body in that intermezzo fosters a movement of folds and new folds run by experiences related to moments of slow speeds and / or frantic health, (even in the disease state in which they are, by eliminating or mental exclusion of affected organs) and tend to provide a temporary health for its own existence. A geocorpo that experiences to transmute or view and tell it about ways of existence. It makes possible to communicate with the identical dismantlement to bend the "outramento" (another itself, another from another). The thesis promotes other prospects beyond human body in its organic model, which can prove to be a contribution to science education and a way to live besides terminal patients.