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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geodesy Earth

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Academic literature on the topic 'Geodesy Earth'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geodesy Earth"

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Bürgmann, Roland, and David Chadwell. "Seafloor Geodesy." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 42, no. 1 (May 30, 2014): 509–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-060313-054953.

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Kuang, Weijia. "Multidisciplinary studies of deep Earth: From geodynamo to geodesy." Global Tectonics and Metallogeny 8, no. 1-4 (January 1, 2003): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/gtm/8/2003/113.

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Weber, William Joseph, Daniele Bortoluzzi, Paolo Bosetti, Gabriel Consolini, Rita Dolesi, and Stefano Vitale. "Application of LISA Gravitational Reference Sensor Hardware to Future Intersatellite Geodesy Missions." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 3092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133092.

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Like gravitational wave detection, inter-spacecraft geodesy is a measurement of gravitational tidal accelerations deforming a constellation of two or more orbiting reference test masses (TM). The LISA TM system requires TM in free fall with residual stray accelerations approaching the fm/s2/Hz1/2 level in the mHz band, as demonstrated in the LISA Pathfinder “Einstein’s geodesic explorer” mission. Current geodesy missions are limited by accelerometers with 100 pm/s2/Hz1/2 level, due to intrinsic design limitations, as well as the challenging low Earth orbit environment and operating conditions. A reduction in the TM acceleration noise could lead to an important improvement in the scientific return of future geodesy missions focusing on mass change, especially in a scenario with multiple pairs of geodesy satellites. We present here a preliminary assessment of how the LISA TM system, known as the “gravitational reference sensor” (GRS), could be adapted for use in future geodesy missions aiming at residual TM accelerations noise at the pm/s2/Hz1/2 level, addressing the major design issues and performance limitations. We find that such a performance is possible in a geodesy GRS that is simpler and smaller than that used for LISA, with a lighter, sub-kg TM and gaps reduced from 4 mm to less than 1 mm. Acceleration noise performance limitations will likely be closely tied to the required levels of applied actuation forces on the TM.

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Kluykov, A. A., and V. I. Krylov. "Space geodesy: past, present and future. To the 50th anniversary of the first set of students MIIGAiK on specialty “Space Geodesy”." Geodesy and Cartography 945, no. 3 (April 20, 2019): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-945-3-48-56.

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The article is devoted to the problems of training highly qualified personnel in the specialty of “Space Geodesy”. The solution of geodetic fundamental problem, i. e. studying the shape of the Earth and its gravitational field, based on using tools and methods of space geodesy allowed in a short historical period to obtain results of high accuracy. This created an opportunity by the beginning of the XXI century to make a breakthrough in terms of studying the dynamic processes taking place in the bowels of the Earth. The achieved results were obtained through training highly qualified personnel. In the Soviet Union, Moscow Institute of geodesy, aerial photography and cartography engineers (MIIGAiK) became the first higher education institution where training in the specialty “space geodesy” was carried out. Graduates of MIIGAiK in this specialty have made a significant contribution to the development of domestic space geodesy. The analysis of the problem with training in the specialty “Space Geodesy”, which is overdue to date, leads to the following conclusion

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Drewes, Hermann, and József Ádám. "The International Association of Geodesy: from an ideal sphere to an irregular body subjected to global change." History of Geo- and Space Sciences 10, no. 1 (April 16, 2019): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hgss-10-151-2019.

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Abstract. The history of geodesy can be traced back to Thales of Miletus (∼600 BC), who developed the concept of geometry, i.e. the measurement of the Earth. Eratosthenes (276–195 BC) recognized the Earth as a sphere and determined its radius. In the 18th century, Isaac Newton postulated an ellipsoidal figure due to the Earth's rotation, and the French Academy of Sciences organized two expeditions to Lapland and the Viceroyalty of Peru to determine the different curvatures of the Earth at the pole and the Equator. The Prussian General Johann Jacob Baeyer (1794–1885) initiated the international arc measurement to observe the irregular figure of the Earth given by an equipotential surface of the gravity field. This led to the foundation of the International Geodetic Association, which was transferred in 1919 to the Section of Geodesy of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. This paper presents the activities from 1919 to 2019, characterized by a continuous broadening from geometric to gravimetric observations, from exclusive solid Earth parameters to atmospheric and hydrospheric effects, and from static to dynamic models. At present, we identify geodesy as the discipline of quantifying global change by geodetic measurements.

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Fiziev, Plamen. "Some Warnings About Quantum Space Gravimetry Enhance Earth Observations Project." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2255, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2255/1/012007.

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Abstract In this paper, we discuss in brief some basic issues of quantum space gravimetry, related to standard approach of geodesy which is based on the Newton model of gravity and Euclidean geometry. We emphasize the need to apply relativistic gravity in practical high-precision geodesy. Here we do not intend to solve the existing hard experimental and theoretical problems, being essential for the topic: development of quantum gravity, physics of dark matter and dark energy, novel physical principles of extended general relativity, in particular, a nonlinear superposition principle in general relativity and its extensions, and so on. Rather, we point out the fundamental unsolved problems, which are substantial for quantum space gravimetry and future practical high-precision geodesy. We outline the possible ways for their study and decision. Thus, to some extend, the present paper is a program for further developments, not a presentation of the fnal solutions. Our goal is to warn corresponding scientifc community about the ultimate necessity for going outside the frameworks of the formulated more than three century ago, and used up to now in geodesy, Newton gravity, together with Euclidian geometry. At present, in the emerging high-precision geodesy one must replace them with modern models of gravity and corresponding non-Euclidean geometry. Without using and further development of those issues, the interpretation of data obtained from high-precision measurements by satellites for geodetic use seems to be quite problematic, uncertain, and may be misleading for practitioners.

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Henneberg, Heinz G. "Neotectonic geodesy." Tectonophysics 130, no. 1-4 (November 1986): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(86)90103-4.

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Rykhlova, L. V., and A. A. Klyuikov. "Artificial Earth Satellite: space geodesy and geodynamics." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 25, no. 4 (2019): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2019.04.060.

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Haagmans, R. "A synthetic Earth for use in geodesy." Journal of Geodesy 74, no. 7-8 (November 27, 2000): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001900000112.

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Marwadi, Marwadi. "Interkoneksi Fikih Hisab Rukyat dan Ilmu Geodesi." Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 12, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v12i2.1768.

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Islamic studies, including fiqh, using an integration-interconnection approach with other sciences are important to do to get a more complete perspective. One of them is the interconnection of “hisab-rukyat” fiqh with geodesy. In general, the study of the Qibla direction, the beginning of prayer times, the beginning of the qamariah month, and eclipses in “hisab-rukyat” fiqh, uses the general formula of spherical trigonometry with a round earth reference. Round earth references in the study of the region differ from the real condition of the earth in the form of an ellipsoid as described in geodesy. To get more valid results, it is important to convert latitude and place height. The latitude of the place obtained by reference or GPS is the geodetic latitude with the earth reference in the form of an ellipsoid, whereas the spherical trigonometry formula refers to the shape of a round Earth. The place height obtained through GPS is the ellipsoid height, not the desired orthometric height (above the average surface of sea water). By converting these data, studies of the “hisab-rukyat” fiqh can be more valid. By increasing the validity of the calculation results, the interconnection between “hisab-rukyat” fiqh and geodesy appears in the form of complementation, meaning that data and findings of geodesy can complement data and analysis in “hisab-rukyat” fiqh, so that it is possible to draw more valid conclusions.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geodesy Earth"

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Belda, Santiago. "Contributions to the Earth Monitoring by Space Geodesy Methods." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/50535.

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Dumville, Mark. "Geo-referencing : Earth Observation imagery." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282598.

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Karegar, Makan A. "Theory and Application of Geophysical Geodesy for Studying Earth Surface Deformation." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10839114.

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An interdisciplinary approach at the interface between geodesy and geophysics has recently resolved several Earth science problems at regional and global scales. I use the term “geophysical geodesy” to distinguish the technical and theoretical aspect of geodesy from geophysical applications of geodetic techniques. Using a wide range of Earth observation data, I study the spatio-temporal characteristics of Earth surface deformation in the United States associated with several geophysical processes, including natural and anthropogenic subsidence and uplift, regional relative sea-level rise, and continental hydrological loading. The theoretical portion of this dissertation applies loading theory and develops a new hybrid method to improve the estimate of hydrologically-induced vertical deformation at time scales from sub-annual to multi-annual. The application part of this dissertation benefits from GPS and other geodetic and geologic data sets to study and model Earth’s surface uplift due to CO2 injection at an oil reservoir in coastal Texas, and coastal subsidence and nuisance flooding along the Mississippi River Delta and eastern seaboard of the United States.

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Archinal, Brent Allen. "Determination of earth rotation by the combination of data from different space geodetic systems /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487324944212785.

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Komninos, Anastasios A. "Measuring earth crustal deformations using GPS and geodetic data in relation to the Rion-Antirion bridge construction." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270516.

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Symons, Leighton James. "Global GPS networks and the determination of Earth Rotation Parameters." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263465.

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Van, Wyk Peter Ryan. "Rock mechanics for construction of the gravimeter vault at the Matjiesfontein Space Geodesy and Earth Observation Observatory." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85638.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The suitability of local construction materials for construction purposes is governed by several rock mechanical properties. Strength, durability, performance and petrography of aggregates all influence the decisions engineers make in deciding if the aggregate is suitable and sustainable throughout the lifetime of a structure. This thesis investigates these properties by combining engineering, chemistry and geological disciplines to make informed decisions. The pertaining project for which the research was conducted is the construction of the gravimeter vault at the Matjiesfontein Geodesy and Earth Observation Observatory (MGO) although the research acquired can be used for other projects of a similar nature and other outbuildings at the MGO. Material at and around the site were tested for strength and durability according to certain South African National Standards (SANS). Slake durability was tested as certain rock types tend to slake when exposed to the atmosphere such as tillite of the Dwyka formation and shale of the Karoo Supergroup. Concrete cube strength was determined on cubes containing crushed rock from Matjiesfontein as well as river sand. Cube strength was conducted to analyse performance and to establish a mix design that would be sustainable throughout the lifetime of the project. Petrographic examination using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and inspection under a petrographic microscope were conducted. These methods were used to determine if a risk exists for alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) in concrete when the rock types are used as aggregate, particularly if high quartz-bearing rock types such as quartzite of the Table Mountain group were to be used as coarse aggregate. Inspection of thin sections for strained quartz under a petrographic microscope and SEM imaging were important in determining if ASR may occur. The gravimeter vault was constructed using materials sourced mainly from Laingsburg. Tillite satisfied all tests and analyses conducted during the research, making it more suitable for construction than the other materials from Matjiesfontein. The slake durability test indicates that tillite is nearly as durable as quartzite, which is considered the most durable rock type at Matjiesfontein. This is due to atmospheric conditions in the Karoo being very dry with low humidity in comparison to the coast where slaking is known to occur. Slaking properties were most prominent for shale at Matjiesfontein and if excavated, it is recommended to cover the exposed shale with a layer of asphalt or cement to prevent slaking. The 10% fines aggregate crushing test (10%FACT) value for tillite was over the 210 kN prerequisite and the wet-to-dry ratio over 75% making it suitable for road construction according to the 10%FACT. All cube tests reached the desired 40 MPa prerequisite although the mixtures containing local river sand were unworkable. Unlike quartzite and quartzitic sandstone from Matjiesfontein, tillite is low in quartz and has minimal strained quartz. Therefore, no risk exists for ASR if tillite were to be used as aggregate in concrete.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die geskiktheid van plaaslike konstruksiemateriale vir konstruksiedoeleindes word deur sekere rots meganiese eienskappe beïnvloed. Sterkte, duursaamheid, volhoubaarheid en petrografie van aggregaat beïnvloed die besluite wat ingenieurs moet neem sodat die aggregaat aan standaarde voldoen en gedurende die leeftyd van ‘n struktuur volhoubaar is. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die genoemde eienskappe deur ingenieurs-, chemiese- en geologiese dissiplines te kombineer. Die voorgenome projek, waarvoor die navorsing ter sprake is, is vir die konstruksie van die gravimeterkluis by die “Matjiesfontein Geodesy and Earth Observation Observatory (MGO)”, alhoewel die navorsing ook gebruik kan word vir soortgelyke projekte, sowel as die konstruksie van die res van die geboue by die MGO. Materiale van die terrein en die omgewing is volgens sekere Suid-Afrikaanse kodes vir sterkte en duursaamheid getoets. Die blusbaarheid van materiale is getoets omdat sekere materiale, soos tilliet van die Dwyka-formasie en skalie van die Karoo Supergroep blus wanneer dit aan die atmosfeer blootgestel word. Die betonsterkte van kubusse, waarin plaaslike gesteentes en riviersand van Matjiesfontein vir aggregaat gebruik is, is bepaal. Die kubusse is getoets om die sterkte daarvan te analiseer en om ‘n betonmengsel, wat tydens die leeftyd van die projek volhoubaar is, daar te stel. Petrografiese eksaminering deur X-straal difraksie (XRD), X-straal fluoressensie (XRF), Skandeerelektronmikroskopie (SEM) en inspeksie onder ‘n petrografiese mikroskoop is gedoen. Met die doel om die petrografiese samestelling van materiale van Matjiesfontein te bepaal, is hierdie metodes gevolg om te uit te vind of daar ‘n risiko vir alkalie-silikaat reaksies (ASR) bestaan, as die gesteentes in beton gebruik word. Veral gesteentes met ‘n hoë hoeveelheid kwarts, soos kwartsiet van die Tafelberg-groep, is hier ter sprake. Inspeksie van dunsnitte vir gespanne kwarts onder ‘n petrografiese mikroskoop en SEM was belangrik om die risiko vir ASR te bepaal. Die gravimeterkluis is hoofsaaklik met materiale afkomstig van Laingsburg gebou. In vergelyking met die ander gesteentes by Matjiesfontein is tilliet, volgens alle toetsparameters, die mees geskikte gesteente vir konstruksiedoeleindes. Die blusbaarheid van tilliet vergelyk goed met kwartsiet, wat as die sterkste en duursaamste gesteente by Matjiesfontein, beskou word. Die rede hiervoor is die atmosferiese toestande wat baie droër is, asook die laer humiditeit in die Karoo, in vergelyking met gebiede nader aan die kus waar blusting meer algemeen voorkom. Die blusbaarheid van skalie by Matjiesfontein kom algemeen voor. As daar dus uitgrawing in hierdie gebied plaasvind, word dit aanbeveel dat ‘n laag sement of asfalt oorgegooi word om die blusting te verhoed. Die 10%FACT waarde vir tilliet was bo die vereiste 210 kN, asook bo die 75% nat-teenoor-droog-verhouding en daarom is dit volgens die 10%FACT-toets as padboumateriaal geskik. Alhoewel mengsels, wat plaaslike riviersand bevat het, onwerkbaar was, het alle toetsmonsters (kubusse) die vereiste 40 MPa- sterkte bereik. In vergelyking met kwartsiet en kwarsitiese sandsteen, bevat tilliet min kwarts en ook minimale gespanne kwarts. Daar bestaan dus geen risiko vir ASR indien tilliet van Matjiesfontien in die beton gebruik word nie.

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Akman, Hulya Hayriye. "Resistivity and Induced-Polarization Responses Over Two Different Earth Geometries." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/231392.

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The object of the thesis is to obtain the apparent- resistivity curves and induced-polarization (IP) effects that are utilized in geophysical exploration. Two different earth geometries, the thin horizontal conductive layer and vertical dike, were studied. The solution for both cases is identical. First, quasi- static electrical conditions were assumed, so that the problem could be solved using potential fields. The exact solution to the problem was obtained by using the Bessel integral formulation. Also, the image method was employed to find the potential fields. We noticed that the image -type series converges best when the dike or layer was thick (ratio of thickness to electrode spacing, b/a, is large) and the reflection coefficient was not near ±1. Otherwise, it is preferable to employ the thin conductive sheet model. The next step was to determine the dilution and distortion factors which are relevant to the induced polarization response. Finally, numerical results were obtained using a Fortran computer program. These calculations were compared with some results taken from the literature and good agreement is seen.

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Urban, Timothy James. "The integration and application of multi-satellite radar altimetry /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Bae, Tae-Suk. "Near real-time precise orbit determination of low earth orbit satellites using an optimal GPS triple-differencing technique." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1158333065.

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Books on the topic "Geodesy Earth"

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Kenyon, Steve, Maria Christina Pacino, and Urs Marti, eds. Geodesy for Planet Earth. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20338-1.

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Montag, Horst, and Christoph Reigber, eds. Geodesy and Physics of the Earth. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78149-0.

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Burša, Milan. Gravity field and dynamics of the Earth. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Lambeck, Kurt. Geophysical geodesy: The slow deformations of the earth. Oxford [England]: Clarendon Press, 1988.

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Smith, David E., and Donald L. Turcotte, eds. Contributions of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Earth Dynamics. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd024.

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Grant, D. B. Combination of terrestrial and GPS data for earth deformation studies. Kensington, N.S.W: School of Surveying, University of New South Wales, 1990.

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Iinkai, "Sokuchigaku kara Chikyū Shisutemu Kagaku e" Kenkyū. Sokuchigaku kara chikyū shisutemu kagaku e: Sokuchigaku Shingikai no 100-nen. [Sendai-shi]: "Sokuchigaku kara Chikyū Shisutemu Kagaku e" Kenkyū Iinkai, 1999.

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Bürki, Beat. Integrale Schwerefeldbestimmung in der Ivrea-Zone und deren geophysikalische Interpretation. Zürich: Schweizerische Geodätische Kommission, 1989.

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International Symposium Geodesy and Physics of the Earth (7th 1992 Potsdam, Germany). Geodesy and physics of the Earth: Geodetic contributions to geodynamics : 7th International Symposium "Geodesy and Physics of the Earth", Potsdam, October 5-10, 1992. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Full meridian of glory: Perilous adventures in the competition to measure the Earth. New York: Copernicus Books/Springer, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geodesy Earth"

1

Stewart, Mike P. "Geodesy." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 869–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_148.

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Stewart, Mike P. "Geodesy." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48657-4_148-2.

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Chakravarthi, V. "Geodesy, Physical." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10475-7_227-1.

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Dicati, Renato. "Satellite Geodesy." In Stamping the Earth from Space, 27–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20756-8_2.

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Chakravarthi, V. "Geodesy, Physical." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 331–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8702-7_227.

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Chakravarthi, V. "Geodesy, Physical." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 442–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58631-7_227.

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Seitz, Florian, and Harald Schuh. "Earth Rotation." In Sciences of Geodesy - I, 185–227. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11741-1_6.

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Freymueller, Jeffrey T. "GPS, Tectonic Geodesy." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10475-7_77-1.

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Freymueller, Jeffrey T. "GPS, Tectonic Geodesy." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 431–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8702-7_77.

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Freymueller, Jeffrey T. "GPS, Tectonic Geodesy." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, 558–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58631-7_77.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geodesy Earth"

1

EDWARDS, JR., C., R. KAHN, W. FOLKNER, and R. PRESTON. "Mars planetary geodesy using earth-based observations of Mars landers." In Astrodynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-4667.

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L. Combrinck, W. "Products of Space Geodesy and Links to Earth Science and Astronomy." In 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.241.combrinck_wl_paper1.

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Wang Aiguo and Sun Zhanyi. "Multi-geodesy techniques data fusing and analyzing for land subsidence monitoring." In 2014 3rd International Workshop on Earth Observation and Remote Sensing Applications (EORSA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eorsa.2014.6927909.

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Dell’Agnello, S., A. Boni, C. Cantone, M. Tibuzzi, R. Vittori, G. Bianco, C. Mondaini, et al. "Next-generation laser retroreflectors for GNSS, solar system exploration, geodesy, gravitational physics and earth observation." In International Conference on Space Optics 2014, edited by Bruno Cugny, Zoran Sodnik, and Nikos Karafolas. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2304232.

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Puškorius, Vytautas, Eimuntas Paršeliūnas, Petras Petroškevičius, and Romuald Obuchovski. "An Analysis of Choosing Gravity Anomalies for Solving Problems in Geodesy, Geophysics and Environmental Engineering." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.684.

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Gravity anomalies provide valuable information about the Earth‘s gravity field. They are used for solving various geophysical and geodetic tasks, mineral and oil exploration, geoid and quasi-geoid determination, geodynamic processes of Earth, determination of the orbits of various objects, moving in space around the Earth etc. The increasing accuracy of solving the above mentioned problems poses new requirements for the accuracy of the gravity anomalies. Increasing the accuracy of gravity anomalies can be achieved by gaining the accuracy of the gravimetric and geodetic measurements, and by improving the methodology of the anomalies detection. The modern gravimetric devices allow to measure the gravity with an accuracy of several microgals. Space geodetic systems allow to define the geodetic coordinates and ellipsoidal heights of gravimetric points within a centimeter accuracy. This opens up the new opportunities to calculate in practice both hybrid and pure gravity anomalies and to improve their accuracy. In this context, it is important to analyse the possibilities of detecting various gravity anomalies and to improve the methodology for detecting gravity anomalies. Also it is important the correct selection of the gravity anomalies for different geodetic, geophysical and environmental engineering tasks. The modern gravity field data of the territory of Lithuania are used for the research.

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LaBrecque, John. "Developments in space geodesy and geodetic imaging in service of global exploration and earth system observation." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2013-1464.1.

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Sindoni, Giampiero, Claudio Paris, Cristian Vendittozzi, Erricos C. Pavlis, Ignazio Ciufolini, and Antonio Paolozzi. "The Contribution of LARES to Global Climate Change Studies With Geodetic Satellites." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8924.

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Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) makes an important contribution to Earth science providing the most accurate measurement of the long-wavelength components of Earth’s gravity field, including their temporal variations. Furthermore, SLR data along with those from the other three geometric space techniques, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and DORIS, generate and maintain the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) that is used as a reference by all Earth Observing systems and beyond. As a result we obtain accurate station positions and linear velocities, a manifestation of tectonic plate movements important in earthquake studies and in geophysics in general. The “geodetic” satellites used in SLR are passive spheres characterized by very high density, with little else than gravity perturbing their orbits. As a result they define a very stable reference frame, defining primarily and uniquely the origin of the ITRF, and in equal shares, its scale. The ITRF is indeed used as “the” standard to which we can compare regional, GNSS-derived and alternate frames. The melting of global icecaps, ocean and atmospheric circulation, sea-level change, hydrological and internal Earth-mass redistribution are nowadays monitored using satellites. The observations and products of these missions are geolocated and referenced using the ITRF. This allows scientists to splice together records from various missions sometimes several years apart, to generate useful records for monitoring geophysical processes over several decades. The exchange of angular momentum between the atmosphere and solid Earth for example is measured and can be exploited for monitoring global change. LARES, an Italian Space Agency (ASI) satellite, is the latest geodetic satellite placed in orbit. Its main contribution is in the area of geodesy and the definition of the ITRF in particular and this presentation will discuss the improvements it will make in the aforementioned areas.

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Chau, H. K., I. Boyle, P. Nisbet-Jones, and C. P. Bridges. "Designing avionics for lasers & optoelectronics." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.126.

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Unlike imagery-based Earth observation (EO) which has become very widely and cheaply available, gravity sensing EO has not yet emerged from its fundamental science roots. The challenge therefore is to develop gravity sensing instruments that can replicate the success of widespread imagery based EO. There are three main gravity sensing mechanisms under investigation: laser ranging (e.g., GRACE-FO [1]); atom interferometers, which measure gravitation perturbations to the wavefunctions of individual atoms; and ‘relativistic geodesy’ which uses atomic clocks to measure the gravitational curvature of spacetime. All three of these measurement systems use stabilised lasers as their main enabling technology. However traditional laboratory laser systems struggle to meet the robustness, reliability, or low size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements for use in space. A demonstrator was build that adapted telecommunications industry COTS components, and software radio FPGA/DSP techniques, to develop a new all-fibre space-qualified stabilised laser systems for geodesy that have equivalent performance to laboratory systems. This instrument was used to develop a 780 nm laser system that is stabilised to the Rubidium D2 line - the stabilised laser most commonly required by the quantum and atomic sensing field achieving sufficiently high laser performance for the laser system to be immediately useful for quantum applications (stability: 1-10 kHz, accuracy: 1 MHz); and in an ultra-compact package that has the potential to be used in space (1 litre, 0.5 kg, 10 W) [2]. This paper reports on the current student work that advances the instrument further towards a flight payload – and key avionics design considerations for future researchers. This takes lessons learnt from the ESA ESEO software radio payload in utilising ECSS design practices [3] to fabricate a robust and modular avionics back-end board that can operate with numerous front-end laser or opto-electronics configurations for different quantum applications. The new board consists of a single PCB containing circuitry for TT&C reporting of power supply and voltage conditioning, the current and temperature electronics needed to control a diode laser on orbit, interfaces for photo detectors and opto-electronics, and a high-speed analogue- to-digital conversion network centred around a FPGA. As an example, digital signal processing performed frequency-modulated spectroscopy on a warm Rubidium vapour using an all-fibre optical arrangement.

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Khomyakov, Dmitry. "THE SOIL IN THE BIOSPHERE: ITS ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONS AND PLACE WITHIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-117-122.

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The current article shows the exceptional importance of soil, soil cover (geoderm) and soil cover of the Earth (pedosphere) in the stable functioning of the global ecosystem in the environmental and society sustainable development. The author defines such consepts as “climatic neutral” agriculture and “green agrochemistry”. Natural soils with their fertility can be attributed to critical irreplaceable resources, the main national wealth, providing the sustainable development of the country.

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DEGROFF, K. "Application of GEODSS to detection of earth-crossing asteroids." In Space Programs and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-1499.

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