Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects"

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Karsznia, Krzysztof, and Konrad Podawca. "AN APPLICATION CONCEPT OF THE FIBRE-OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY IN GEODETIC MONITORING OF ENGINEERING OBJECTS." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego / Inżynieria Środowiska 166, no. 46 (2017): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6035.

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Monitoring of structures and other different field objects undoubtedly belongs to the main issues of modern engineering. The use of technologies making it possible to implement structural monitoring makes it possible to build an integrated risk management approach combining instrumental solutions with geoinformation systems. In the studies of engineering structures, there is physical monitoring mainly used for examining the physical state of the object - so-called SHM ("Structural Health Monitoring"). However, very important role is also played by geodetic monitoring systems (GMS). The progress observed in the field of IT and automatics has opened new possibilities of using integrated systems on other, often large-scale objects. Based on the current state-of-the-art, the article presents the concept of integration approaches of physical and geodetic monitoring systems in order to develop useful guidelines for further construction of an expert risk management system.
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Knol, Ivan A. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF GEODETIC MONITORING ACCURACY OF UPPER SURFACE OF ENGINEERING OBJECTS AND CONSTRUCTIONS." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 26, no. 2 (2021): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2021-26-2-18-27.

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The development of totally new methods for geodetic monitoring of engineering objects and con-structions in emergency state is a relevant scientific and technical task of geodesy. The results of such studies allow to ensure prompt and reliable data of the condition of a spatial object for the purpose of its safe exploitation. The article presents experimental studies of a quadcopter model according to the developed by the author method for geodetic monitoring of engineering objects and constructions based on the multi-agent system theory. The article describes the test model of quadcopter and mean square error calculation of elevation measurement in the laboratory conditions of the station. Based on the experiment results the article makes the conclusion about the possibility of measurement by the described method. The suggested method is possible in situations when measurements by man are im-possible and the object of geo-monitoring is an inaccessible place.
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Skoczylas, Arkadiusz, Justyna Kamoda, and Janina Zaczek-Peplinska. "Geodetic monitoring (TLS) of a steel transport trestle bridge located in an active mining exploitation site." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 48, no. 3 (2016): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sggw-2016-0020.

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Abstract Underground mining exploitation causes, in general, irregular vertical and horizontal shifts in the superficial layer of the rock mass. In the case of construction objects seated on this layer, a deformation of the object’s foundation can be observed. This leads to additional loads and deformations. Identification of surface geometry changes in construction objects located within the premises of underground mining exploitation areas is an important task as far as safety of mining sites is concerned. Surveys targeting shifts and deformations in engineering objects preformed with the use of classic methods are of a selective nature and do not provide the full image of the phenomenon being the subject of the observation. This paper presents possibilities of terrestrial laser scanning technology application in the monitoring of engineering objects that allows for a complete spatial documentation of an object subjected to the influence of an active mining exploitation. This paper describes an observation of a 100 m section of a steel transport trestle bridge located on the premises of hard coal mine Lubelski Węgiel “Bogdanka” S.A. carried out in 2015. Measurements were carried out using a Z+F Imager 5010C scanner at an interval of 3.5 months. Changes in the structure’s geometry were determined by comparing the point clouds recorded during the two measurement periods. The results of the analyses showed shifts in the trestle bridge towards the exploited coal wall accompanied by object deformation. The obtained results indicate the possibility of of terrestrial laser scanning application in studying the aftereffects of underground mining exploitation on surface engineering objects.
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Urazbaev, G. M., A. A. Altayeva, Zh T. Kozhayev, and M. G. Mustafin. "Geodetic monitoring of deformations of engineering structures." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 317, no. 2 (2021): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2021/6445.20.

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Unfortunately, all kinds of anthropogenic and natural factors contribute to the deformation of man-made structures. Geodetic control of buildings and structures, timely detection and elimination of deformations is a guarantee of long-term operation of the building. Monitoring is one of the most important tools to ensure the reliability and safety of multi-storey and large-scale buildings and structures during construction and operation. A significant amount of instrumental control during construction and operation is carried out by geodetic methods. Geodetic methods are used to determine both local and general deformations of buildings and structures, deviations of load-bearing, fencing structures from vertical and design drawings, foundations and soil settlements, through which the technical condition of the building or structure is specially assessed. Today, the analysis of deformations is an important task for every region of our country, especially for areas with changes in the earth's surface. The field of deformation research in the Republic of Kazakhstan is quite developed and there are many necessary materials to identify such changes. In our country, special services are organized to control any benchmarks and analyze the results of high-precision measurements in several cycles to detect any changes on the earth's surface. Therefore, this article provides an overview of both the classical methods of geodetic control and the tools and technologies used to determine the quantitative characteristics of the deformation of engineering objects.
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Matveev, A. Yu, I. P. Gavrilova, A. V. Kovyazin, and E. V. Brovkov. "CONSTRUCTION OF FRAME GEODETIC NETWORK FOR ENGINEERING SURVEY OF RAIL TRANSPORT FACILITIES." Engineering survey 12, no. 5-6 (2018): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-5-6-58-71.

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Increasing the speed of trains along railroad tracks and the development of satellite geodetic technologies put forward new requirements for the production of the engineering survey at the rail transport facilities. Ensuring the safety of high-speed traffic is directly related to the accuracy of determining the coordinates and heights of the reference geodetic networks created for the design, construction, reconstruction and operation of railways. A large length of Railways in Russia requires solving a number of problems in the conditions of increasing the accuracy of determining the coordinates. High-speed route crosses several regions with its own local coordinate systems. Simplify the design and cadastral works and reduce to minimum linear distortions when performing geodetic measurements, allows the creation of a local coordinate system, unified for the entire route. The technology of creating a unified local coordinate system for linear objects passing through several 6-degree zones in the projection of GaussKruger and objects located at an angle to the axial Meridian is considered on the example of the railway Moscow — Saint-Petersburg — Vyborg. At the basis of a unified local system of the object, it is proposed to use an oblique cylindrical cartographic projection. Implemented a coordinate system in the form of the software, allowing to perform transformations between the local system, the world and state coordinate systems. The paper also considers the practical experience of creating a high-precision geodetic reference network for a high-speed railway traffic route, which can be used for various linear engineering structures. The created frame network can serve as a geodetic base for performing laser scanning, monitoring facilities, creating geoinformation systems and solving other problems that arise during the operation of an engineering facility.
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Mrówczyńska, Maria, Jacek Sztubecki, Zofia Ziçba, and Izabela Wilczyńska. "The model identification of buildings horizontal displacements with the use of a free geodetic network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 906, no. 1 (2021): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/906/1/012056.

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Abstract The geodetic monitoring of engineering structures, their displacements, and deformations, carried out permanently or periodically, allows obtaining information on the technical condition of facilities. The achieved information enables determining the necessary changes in using objects and minimizing future errors in the similar object’s design. The measurement results are subject to geometric interpretation based on the determined displacement parameters of the object’s shape and the approximation of the vector displacement field. Due to the influence of random factors characterized by a change in time and varying intensity, the deformation measurements performed during the operation of the facilities are of great importance for the safety of structures and engineering structures. In actual tasks of determining the object’s deformation and building a geometric model of displacements, the dominant method is the differential method, the advantage of eliminating systematic errors in measurement results while maintaining the geometric structure of the measurement and control network. The displacement’s geometric model, built based on measurements and calculations, can build a dynamic model of a building object, additionally considering such causes of deformation as, for example, own and usable weight, wind pressure, changes in ambient temperature, or ground vibrations. The article proposes approaches using the free alignment of linear and angular observations made in a geodetic network to determine horizontal displacements of an engineering object. This method may be necessary to study displacements of various parts of the object, thus analyzing its deformation. Free alignment allows for an optimal fit of the equalized network into the approximate network by imposing additional conditions (compared to the classic least squares method) on the vector of estimates of increments to approximate coordinates and the value of the covariance matrix. As an example of applying the proposed approach, the actual data received from the geodetic monitoring of the building structure was used. The structure was a road viaduct located along Wojska Polskiego Street in Bydgoszcz. The object of measurements and analyses was represented by finite sets of fixed points, subject to periodic observations over two years. The authors tested the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and compared the obtained results with the values of horizontal displacements, which were calculated based on the classic study of geodetic monitoring results using the least-squares method. The accuracy analysis of the obtained values of the geodetic network horizontal displacements using free alignment and the least-squares method was also performed. The results indicate the possibility of using the presented approach to identify the geometric model of horizontal displacements without losing the accuracy of their determination.
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Mrówczyńska, Maria. "Application of the Takaga-Sugeno neuro-fuzzy model for determining of engineering structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 284 (2019): 08006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928408006.

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The objective of the paper is to show the role of geodetic monitoring and modern methods of measurement data processing with the use of neural-fuzzy systems in identifying changes occurring in engineering structures. Fast methods of measurement and data processing are of key importance whenever rapidly changing phenomena should be captured (e.g. deformations of buildings, fires spreading in forest areas, flood waves, landslides caused by endogenous and exogeonic factors). Processes and phenomena occurring in engineering structures can be modelled based on information obtained by geodetic monitoring. At present, elements of geodetic technologies are being supplemented with artificial intelligence methods, which include neuro-fuzzy systems. These systems can process information that is provided at the input both as numerical and linguistic values. This approach is used for qualitative assessment of the condition of objects and physical quantities and it is characterized by parallel information processing. The paper presents the possibility of using the Takaga-Sugeno neural-fuzzy model for prediction and assessment of horizontal and vertical displacements of engineering structures as illustrated by the example of a historical footbridge in Muskauer Park, located in Germany and Poland.
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Pal, Andrej, Drago Potočnik, and Milivoj Vulić. "Rock-Fill Cofferdam Crest Settlement Behavior Analysis Through Geodetic Monitoring Data." Minerals 10, no. 2 (2020): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020152.

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Construction of rock-fill dams requires extensive preparatory work. The rationality of construction, ecological aspects, and flood safety must be considered. Potential catastrophic consequences of failure or collapse classify dam structures as high-risk objects which are built according to all safety regulations, and their conditions must be monitored. In this study, we focus on the settlement behavior of a cofferdam crest by analyzing the obtained monitoring data with a non-exponential modified sigmoid function, developed at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering (FNSE model). Furthermore, monitoring adjustment is introduced, and future settlement is estimated based on verification with actual values.
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Nowak, Edward, Ryszard Malarski, Witold Prószyński, Alicja Sadowska, Marek Woźniak, and Janina Zaczek-Peplinska. "Research and Development Work Carried out by the Chair of Engineering Geodesy and Measurement and Control Systems, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography WUT – Thematic Scope and Achievements." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 100, no. 1 (2016): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rgg-2016-0014.

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Abstract Geodetic engineering surveys are an important part of the works carried out by the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology. These works concern measurement techniques as well as advanced result analysis methods applied in precise industrial surveys and in processes controlling object’s behaviour over time. The thematic scope of research realised by Chair of Engineering Geodesy and Control-Measuring Systems shows that article related to geodetic engineering measurements and geodetic monitoring is carried out with high intensity, resulting in technological advancement and implementation of new or improved measurement solutions and methods of measurement result development.
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Woźniak, Marek, and Waldemar Odziemczyk. "Investigation of Stability of Precise Geodetic Instruments Used in Deformation Monitoring." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 104, no. 1 (2017): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rgg-2017-0017.

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Abstract Monitoring systems using automated electronic total stations are an important element of safety control of many engineering objects. In order to ensure the appropriate credibility of acquired data, it is necessary that instruments (total stations in most of the cases) used for measurements meet requirements of measurement accuracy, as well as the stability of instrument axis system geometry. With regards to the above, it is expedient to conduct quality control of data acquired using electronic total stations in the context of performed measurement procedures. This paper presents results of research conducted at the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography at Warsaw University of Technology investigating the stability of “basic” error values (collimation, zero location for V circle, inclination), for two types of automatic total stations: TDA 5005 and TCRP 1201+. Research provided also information concerning the influence of temperature changes upon the stability of investigated instrument’s optical parameters. Results are presented in graphical analytic technique. Final conclusions propose methods, which allow avoiding negative results of measuring tool-set geometry changes during conducting precise deformation monitoring measurements.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects"

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Arvedal, David. "Analyzing network monitoring systems and objects for a telecommunications company." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35610.

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The goal with this thesis work has been to identify what a telecommunications company should monitor and to find a network monitoring system that can monitor these identified objects on two different platforms: Windows and Linux. The network monitoring system has been implemented in a telecommunications company’s environment and this thesis presents how the system monitors their environment. The subject for this thesis work is within network monitoring. The problem formulation has been answered by conducting a literature study and by testing network monitoring systems’ features in a lab environment. The sources used in the literature study consists of scientific articles and other articles found on the web. The lab environment consisted of virtual machines that runs Linux or Windows as an operating system.   The purpose of the work was to enlighten Cellip in what objects they should monitor and to help the company to monitor them by implementing a network monitoring system. Cellip is a telecommunications company that provides IP-telephony services through Session Initiation Protocol. The limits of this thesis work are based on what their environment supports in terms of monitoring. Cellip’s environment consists of Linux and Windows servers, Cisco switches and firewalls, and Sonus Session Border Controllers.   In summary, the result of this thesis gives the reader information about what a telecommunications company with a similar environment to Cellip should monitor, what three systems that can monitor these objects, which of the three systems that has most automatized features and finally how the chosen system Datadog monitors and presents the objects. Some of the objects that are important to monitor is: memory, disk storage, latency, packet loss. In conclusion, this thesis presents a monitoring baseline for telecommunication companies with a similar environment to Cellip.
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Ye, Guoliang. "Model-based ultrasonic temperature estimation for monitoring HIFU therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6f4c4f84-3ca6-46f2-a895-ab0aa3d9af51.

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High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is a new cancer thermal therapy method which has achieved encouraging results in clinics recently. However, the lack of a temperature monitoring makes it hard to apply widely, safely and efficiently. Conventional ultrasonic temperature estimation based on echo strain suffers from artifacts caused by signal distortion over time, leading to poor estimation and visualization of the 2D temperature map. This thesis presents a novel model-based stochastic framework for ultrasonic temperature estimation, which combines the temperature information from the ultrasound images and a theoretical model of the heat diffusion. Consequently the temperature estimation is more consistent over time and its visualisation is improved. There are 3 main contributions of this thesis related to: improving the conventional echo strain method to estimate temperature, developing and applying approximate heat models to model temperature, and finally combining the estimation and the models. First in the echo strain based temperature estimation, a robust displacement estimator is first introduced to remove displacement outliers caused by the signal distortion over time due to the thermo-acoustic lens effect. To transfer the echo strain to temperature more accurately, an experimental method is designed to model their relationship using polynomials. Experimental results on a gelatine phantom show that the accuracy of the temperature estimation is of the order of 0.1 ◦C. This is better than results reported previously of 0.5 ◦C in a rubber phantom. Second in the temperature modelling, heat models are derived approximately as Gaussian functions which are mathematically simple. Simulated results demonstrate that the approximate heat models are reasonable. The simulated temperature result is analytical and hence computed in much less than 1 second, while the conventional simulation of using finite element methods requires about 25 minutes under the same conditions. Finally, combining the estimation and the heat models is the main contribution of this thesis. A 2D spatial adaptive Kalman filter with the predictive step defined by the shape model from the heat models is applied to the temperature map estimated from ultrasound images. It is shown that use of the temperature shape model enables more reliable temperature estimation in the presence of distorted or blurred strain measurements which are typically found in practice. The experimental results on in-vitro bovine liver show that the visualisation on the temperature map over time is more consistent and the iso-temperature contours are clearly visualised.
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Meredith, David James. "Continuous monitoring during haemodialysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4623d45d-7bc5-469a-b126-dd0945fef6e8.

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Intradialytic Hypotension (IDH) is the commonest complication of maintenance haemodialysis and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, there is no standardised definition of IDH, making comparisons between studies difficult. This observational study with a total of 80 patients and over 600 dialysis sessions showed a poor correlation between symptoms and hypotension. Importantly, patients experienced low blood pressure without symptoms, so continuous intradialytic blood pressure monitoring is required to identify this asymptomatic group. In light of these findings, a revised definition of IDH is suggested. This study also aimed to identify predictors of IDH that could be detected in sufficient time to allow a mitigating intervention. A novel non-invasive alternative for continuous blood pressure monitoring is introduced which uses intra-fistula pressure data from the sensors sited in the extracorporeal circuit of the dialysis machine. Results show that in the majority of patients, changes in intra-fistula pressure correlate with blood pressure measurements obtained by a standard oscillometric device. To investigate whether IDH can be predicted, a photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform was obtained from a pulse oximeter attached to the finger or ear. Continuous PPG monitoring of patients with IDH during dialysis demonstrated that some IDH episodes were predictable using the variation in the PPG baseline with respiration as a surrogate for low blood volume. Additionally, the area under the curve of the PPG waveform can be used as a surrogate for cardiac output and peripheral vascular tone, resulting in a reasonable predictor for potentially critical changes in blood pressure during dialysis. Individually, the novel metrics described here are limited in their identification of IDH in all patients affected, but in combination they may be used to develop a multi-parameter predictive model. The relative merits of personalised versus population-based models are explored and a conclusion is drawn that personalised multi-parameter data fusion modelling for haemodialysis patients would be an important area for future work.
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Borhani, Yasmina. "Vital sign monitoring and data fusion in haemodialysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8c36b904-0558-4161-b756-1a2dd910830f.

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Intra-dialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication in haemodialysis (HD) treatment and has been linked with increased mortality in HD patients. Despite various approaches towards understanding the underlying physiological mechanisms giving rise to IDH, the causes of IDH are poorly understood. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has previously been suggested as a predictive measure of IDH. In contrast to conventional spectral HRV measures in which the frequency bands are defined by fixed limits, a new spectral measure of HRV is introduced in which the breathing rate is used to identify and measure the physiologically-relevant peaks of the frequency spectrum. The ratio of peaks leading up to the IDH event was assessed as a possible measure for IDH prediction. Changes in the proposed measure correlate well with the magnitude of abrupt changes in blood pressure in patients with autonomic dysfunction, but there is no such correlation in patients without autonomic dysfunction. At present, routine clinical vital sign monitoring beyond simple weight and blood pressure measurements at the start and end of each session has not established itself in clinical practice. To investigate the benefits of continuous vital sign monitoring in HD patients with regard to detecting and predicting IDH, different population-based and patient-specific models of normality were devised and tested on data from an observational study at the Oxford Renal Unit in which vital signs were recorded during HD sessions. Patient-specific models of normality performed better in distinguishing between IDH and non-IDH data, primarily due to the wide range of vital sign data included as part of the training data in the population-based models. Further, a patient-specific data fusion model was constructed using Parzen windows to estimate a probability density function from the training data consisting of vital signs from IDH-free sessions. Although the model was constructed using four vital sign inputs, novelty detection was found to be primarily driven by blood pressure decreases.
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Gyöngy, Miklós. "Passive cavitation mapping for monitoring ultrasound therapy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:af6f3c5a-bec5-4378-a617-c89d2b16d95d.

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Cavitation is a phenomenon present during many ultrasound therapies, including the thermal ablation of malignant tissue using high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Inertial cavitation, in particular, has been previously shown to result in increased heat deposition and to be associated with broadband noise emissions that can be readily monitored using a passive receiver without interference from the main ultrasound signal. The present work demonstrates how an array of passive receivers can be used to generate maps of cavitation distribution during HIFU exposure, uncovering a new potential method of monitoring HIFU treatment. Using a commercially available ultrasound system (z.one, Zonare, USA), pulse transmission can be switched off and data from 64 elements of an array can be simultaneously acquired to generate passive maps of acoustic source power. For the present work, a 38 mm aperture 5-10 MHz linear array was used, with the 64 elements chosen to span the entire aperture. Theory and simulations were used to show the spatial resolution of the system, the latter showing that the broadband nature of inertial cavitation makes passive maps robust to interference between cavitating bubbles. Passive source mapping was first applied to wire scatterers, demonstrating the ability of the system to resolve broadband sources. With the array transversely placed to the HIFU axis, high-resolution passive maps are generated, and emissions from several cavitating bubbles are resolved. The sensitivity of passive mapping during HIFU exposure is compared with that of an active cavitation detector following exposure. The array was then placed within a rectangular opening in the centre of the HIFU transducer, providing a geometric setup that could be used clinically to monitor HIFU treatment. Cavitation was instigated in continuous and disjoint regions in agar tissue mimicking gel, with the expected regions of cavitation validating the passive maps obtained. Finally, passive maps were generated for samples of ox liver exposed to HIFU. The onset of inertial cavitation as detected by the passive mapping approach was found to provide a much more robust indicator of lesioning than post-exposure B-mode hyperecho, which is in current clinical use. Passive maps based on the broadband component of the received signal were able to localize the lesions both transversely and axially, however cavitation is generally indicated 5 mm prefocal to the lesions. Further work is needed to establish the source of this discrepancy. It is believed that with use of an appropriately designed cavitation detection array, passive mapping will represent a major advance in ultrasound-guided HIFU therapy. Not only can it be utilized in real-time during HIFU exposure, without the need to turn the therapeutic ultrasound field off, but it has also been shown in the context of the present work to provide a strong indicator of successful lesioning and high signal-to-noise compared to conventional B-mode ultrasound techniques.
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Gyongy, Istvan. "Phase/amplitude estimation for tuning and monitoring." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f398b986-e8a0-403a-9118-5edae6403e00.

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The benefits of good loop tuning in the process industries have long been recognized. Ensuring that controllers are kept well-configured despite changes in process dynamics can bring energy and material savings, improved product quality as well as reduced downtime. A number of loop tuning packages therefore exist that can, on demand, check the state of a loop and adjust the controller as necessary. These methods generally apply some form of upset to the process to identify the current plant dynamics, against which the controller can then be evaluated. A simple approach to the automatic tuning of PI controllers injects variable frequency sinewaves into the loop under normal plant operation. The method employs a phase-locked loop-based device called a phase-frequency/estimation and uses 'design-point' rules, where the aim is for the Nyquist locus of the loop to pass through a particular point on the complex plane. A number of advantages are offered by the scheme: it can carry out both 'one shot' tuning and continuous adaptation, the latter even with the test signal set to a lower amplitude than that of noise. A published article is included here that extends the approach to PID controllers, with simulations studies and real-life test showing the method to work consistently well for a for a wide range of typical process dynamics, the closed-loop having a response that compares well with that produced by standard tuning rules. The associated signal processing tools are tested by applying them to the transmitter of a Coriolis mass-flow meter. Schemes are devised for the tracking and control of the second mode of measurementtube oscillation alongside the so-called 'driven mode', at which the tubes are usually vibrated, leading to useful information being made available for measurement correction purposes. Once a loop has been tuned, it is important to assess it periodically and to detect any performance losses resulting from events such as changes in process or disturbance dynamics and equipment malfunction such as faulty sensors and actuators. Motivated by the effective behaviour of the controller tuners, a loop monitor developed here, also using probing sinewaves coupled with 'design-point' ideas. In this application, the effect on the process must be minimal, so the device must work with lower still SNRs. Thus it is practical to use a fixed-frequency probing signal, together with a different tool set for tracking it. An extensive mathematical framework is developed describing the statistical properties of the signal parameter estimates, and those of the indices derived from these estimates indicating the state of the loop. The result is specific practical guidelines for the application of the monitor (e.g. for the choices of test signal amplitude and test duration). Loop monitoring itself has traditionally been carried out by passive methods that calculate various performance indicators from routine operating data. Playing a central role amongst these metrics is the Harris Index (HI) and its variants, which compare the output variance to a 'minimum achievable' figure. A key advantage of the active monitor proposed here is that it is able not only to detect suboptimal control but also to suggest how the controller should be adjusted. Moreover, the monitor’s index provides a strong indication of changes in damping factor. Through simple adjustments to the algorithm (by raising the amplitude of the test signal or adding high frequency dither to the control signal), the method can be applied even in the presence of actuator non-linearity, allowing it to identify the cause of performance losses. This is confirmed by real-life trials on a non-linear flow rig.
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Shah, Syed Ahmar. "Vital sign monitoring and data fusion for paediatric triage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:80ae66e3-849b-4df1-b064-f9eb7530200d.

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Accurate assessment of a child’s health is critical for appropriate allocation of medical resources and timely delivery of healthcare in both primary care (GP consultations) and secondary care (ED consultations). Serious illnesses such as meningitis and pneumonia account for 20% of deaths in childhood and require early recognition and treatment in order to maximize the chances of survival of affected children. Due to time constraints, poorly defined normal ranges, difficulty in achieving accurate readings and the difficulties faced by clinicians in interpreting combinations of vital signs, vital signs are rarely measured in primary care and their utility is limited in emergency departments. This thesis aims to develop a monitoring and data fusion system, to be used in both primary care and emergency department settings during the initial assessment of children suspected of having a serious infection. The proposed system relies on the photoplethysmogram (PPG) which is routinely recorded in different clinical settings with a pulse oximeter using a small finger probe. The most difficult vital sign to measure accurately is respiratory rate which has been found to be predictive of serious infection. An automated method is developed to estimate the respiratory rate from the PPG waveform using both the amplitude modulation caused by changes in thoracic pressure during the respiratory cycle and the phenomenon of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, the heart rate variability associated with respiration. The performance of such automated methods deteriorates when monitoring children as a result of frequent motion artefact. A method is developed that automatically identifies high-quality PPG segments mitigating the effects of motion on the estimation of respiratory rate. In the final part of the thesis, the four vital signs (heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate) are combined using a probabilistic framework to provide a novelty score for ranking various diagnostic groups, and predicting the severity of infection in two independent data sets from two different clinical settings.
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Daly, Jonathan. "Video camera monitoring to detect changes in haemodynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e84f2acf-f35c-4257-a4c3-209c5da9cbee.

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Patients in hospital can be prone to sudden, life-threatening changes in their cardiovascular state. Haemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure, pulse transit time (PTT) and perfusion can be monitored in clinical situations to identify these changes as early as possible. Continuous blood pressure is usually monitored using a catheter placed into a major artery, but this is invasive and involves risk to the patient. In the last decade, the field of non-contact vital sign monitoring has emerged, with growing evidence that the remote photoplethysmogram (rPPG) signal can be used to estimate vital signs using video cameras. If the analysis of the rPPG signal can be expanded to include the estimation of haemodynamic parameters, it could result in methods for the continuous, non-contact monitoring of a subject's haemodynamic state. In a physiology study, a series of video recordings were made of 43 healthy volunteers. The subjects sat in a purpose-built chamber, and the composition of the air was carefully adjusted to cause the subjects to experience large, controlled changes in blood oxygen levels. To validate the video camera algorithms, reference data were also collected. Along with the volunteer study, a clinical study was performed to acquire data in a challenging clinical environment. Data were collected from patients on haemodialysis in the Renal Unit, a population likely to experience sudden changes in haemodynamics. The reference data from the Renal Unit study were analysed to determine the extent to which PTT and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are related. The correlation coefficients and linear fits were found on a global and a per-subject basis. In addition, the video recordings from the Physiology study were processed to derive rPPG signals, and these signals were analysed to obtain estimates for PTT. Local rPPG signals were also derived for different regions of interest, and the waveforms were analysed using a novel application of the technique of signal averaging to produce spatial maps of perfusion and blood flow. The correlation between conventionally measured PTT and MAP was found to be weaker in the haemodialysis population than has been shown elsewhere in the literature, except for a sub-set of patients. The results of the video analysis showed that PTT could be estimated robustly and consistently, although direct validation of these estimates was not possible because of the different method used to calculate the reference PTT. For most subjects, the spatial mapping methods produced robust maps that were consistent over time. These results suggest that it is possible to detect changes in haemodynamics using a video camera, and that this could have applications in healthcare, providing that challenges such as subject movement and clinical validation can be overcome.
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Chuang, Brian. "Ultrasound parametric imaging and image analysis for breast cancer characterisation and treatment monitoring." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:aa12f720-f3c6-4e55-83c0-f063ea0ed7e2.

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Breast cancer research based on medical ultrasound has traditionally focused on providing early diagnosis and breast cancer classification/characterisation. However, with the advances in cancer therapy treatments and innovations in cancer drug developments, developing methods for treatment monitoring is becoming ever more important. In particular fibrotic change in breast cancer is a common after-effect that accompanies successful breast cancer chemotherapy treatment where breast tumour cells are eradicated and replaced by fibrous tissue. As a result, the ability to monitor fibrotic changes can be used to indicate the effectiveness of chemotherapy treatments. Ultrasound spectral parametric imaging is a method that looks at the information embedded in the frequency/spectral domain of ultrasound RF signals and can be used to characterise tissue ultrasound backscattering properties. In this thesis ultrasound spectral parametric imaging is first applied to characterise breast fibrosis and its efficacy for monitoring breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment is subsequently investigated in a pilot study. The pilot study suggests that an increase in ultrasound spectral intercept is able to indicate fibrotic changes before and after treatments. These encouraging results suggest further work is considered to determine the suitability for monitoring intermediate changes. As histopathology images are considered as the gold standard in breast cancer pathology, ultrasound parametric images need to be studied and compared against histopathology so information provided in ultrasound parametric images can be better understood. A new registration method is shown to improve the alignment of ultrasound parametric images and histopathology images that facilitates the comparison between the images. The registration method is based on the coherent point drift (CPD) algorithm and the thin plate spline (TPS) method. All of the results show that ultrasound spectral parametric imaging is a promising tool for providing further understanding of breast cancer changes during therapy, which in turn will lead to improved breast cancer treatment monitoring and planning.
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Hugueny, Samuel Y. "Novelty detection with extreme value theory in vital-sign monitoring." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:804a226c-a298-4764-9bc8-b191d2b852cd.

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Every year in the UK, tens of thousands of hospital patients suffer adverse events, such as un-planned transfers to Intensive Therapy Units or unexpected cardiac arrests. Studies have shown that in a large majority of cases, significant physiological abnormalities can be observed within the 24-hour period preceding such events. Such warning signs may go unnoticed, if they occur between observations by the nursing staff, or are simply not identified as such. Timely detection of these warning signs and appropriate escalation schemes have been shown to improve both patient outcomes and the use of hospital resources, most notably by reducing patients’ length of stay. Automated real-time early-warning systems appear to be cost-efficient answers to the need for continuous vital-sign monitoring. Traditionally, a limitation of such systems has been their sensitivity to noisy and artefactual measurements, resulting in false-alert rates that made them unusable in practice, or earned them the mistrust of clinical staff. Tarassenko et al. (2005) and Hann (2008) proposed a novelty detection approach to the problem of continuous vital-sign monitoring, which, in a clinical trial, was shown to yield clinically acceptable false alert rates. In this approach, an observation is compared to a data fusion model, and its “normality” assessed by comparing a chosen statistic to a pre-set threshold. The method, while informed by large amounts of training data, has a number of heuristic aspects. This thesis proposes a principled approach to multivariate novelty detection in stochastic time- series, where novelty scores have a probabilistic interpretation, and are explicitly linked to the starting assumptions made. Our approach stems from the observation that novelty detection using complex multivariate, multimodal generative models is generally an ill-defined problem when attempted in the data space. In situations where “novel” is equivalent to “improbable with respect to a probability distribution ”, formulating the problem in a univariate probability space allows us to use classical results of univariate statistical theory. Specifically, we propose a multivariate extension to extreme value theory and, more generally, order statistics, suitable for performing novelty detection in time-series generated from a multivariate, possibly multimodal model. All the methods introduced in this thesis are applied to a vital-sign monitoring problem and compared to the existing method of choice. We show that it is possible to outperform the existing method while retaining a probabilistic interpretation. In addition to their application to novelty detection for vital-sign monitoring, contributions in this thesis to existing extreme value theory and order statistics are also valid in the broader context of data-modelling, and may be useful for analysing data from other complex systems.
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Books on the topic "Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects"

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Sansò, Fernando, and Antonio J. Gil, eds. Geodetic Deformation Monitoring: From Geophysical to Engineering Roles. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-38596-7.

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Lysova, Ekaterina, Oksana Paramonova, Natal'ya Samarskaya, and Natal'ya Yudina. Environmental monitoring. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1069167.

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Outlines General environmental monitoring. Special attention is paid to the monitoring of atmospheric air, water objects, soil-ecological monitoring and biodiversity monitoring.
 Can be useful for students studying in areas of training 20.03.01 "Technospheric security", specialization "environmental Protection and resource saving", "Engineering protection of environment", as well as for professionals in the field of environmental protection.
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(Editor), Fernando Sansò, and Antonio J. Gil (Editor), eds. Geodetic Deformation Monitoring: From Geophysical to Engineering Roles (International Association of Geodesy Symposia). Springer, 2006.

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Sansò, Fernando, and Antonio J. Gil. Geodetic Deformation Monitoring : From Geophysical to Engineering Roles: IAG Symposium Jaén, Spain, March 7-19,2005. Springer, 2010.

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5

1945-, Sansò F., Gil Antonio J, International Association of Geodesy, and IAG Symposium on Geodetic Deformation Monitoring: From Geophysical to Engineering Roles (2005 : Jaén, Spain), eds. Geodetic deformation monitoring: From geophysical to engineering roles : IAG Symposium Jaén, Spain, March 17-19, 2005. Springer, 2006.

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Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments (Scientific Tools for Conservation Series). Getty Trust Publications: Getty Conservation Institute, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects"

1

Anigacz, Wojciech, Damian Beben, and Jacek Kwiatkowski. "Displacements Monitoring of Suspension Bridge Using Geodetic Techniques." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67443-8_28.

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Maram, Balajee, Shaik Saidhbi, and B. Santhosh Kumar. "Detection and Monitoring of Objects: Producing Range Information." In Innovations in Computer Science and Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8987-1_70.

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Marek, Lukáš, Jakub Miřijovský, and Pavel Tuček. "Monitoring of the Shallow Landslide Using UAV Photogrammetry and Geodetic Measurements." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_8.

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Parlak, Siddika, and Ivan Marsic. "Monitoring Interactions with RFID Tagged Objects Using RSSI." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29154-8_44.

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Lewandowski, Jacek, Piotr Górski, Tadeusz Lewandowski, Paweł Krowicki, and Maciej Merek. "Feasibility Study on Location Monitoring of Technical Objects During Operational Phase." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04975-1_51.

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Kuzina, Ekaterina, and Vladimir Rimshin. "Deformation Monitoring of Road Transport Structures and Facilities Using Engineering and Geodetic Techniques." In International Scientific Conference Energy Management of Municipal Transportation Facilities and Transport EMMFT 2017. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70987-1_43.

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Laermann, Karl-Hans. "In-Situ Health Monitoring of Objects Consisting of Visco-Elastic Materials." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures. Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_204.

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Rogachev, Aleksey, and Elena Melikhova. "SCADA and GIS Systems for Monitoring and Managing Digital Objects of Agro-Industrial Production." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6208-6_55.

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Batsukh, Khulan. "Cold Atom Interferometry in Satellite Geodesy for Sustainable Environmental Management." In Civil and Environmental Engineering for the Sustainable Development Goals. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99593-5_4.

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AbstractOur Earth is a complex system. By monitoring the integrated geodetic-geodynamic processes, we can understand its sub-systems and geographical distribution of its resources. With the development of space techniques and artificial satellites, satellite geodesy era started, e.g., it became possible to observe a wide range of processes, occurring both on and below the Earth's surface. Such observations can be exploited not only in environmental activities, but also in societal activities like natural disasters monitoring. Thus, satellite geodesy can bring great benefits to “Climate action”, one of the 17 sustainable development goals of the United Nation: we can estimate the ice-sheet mass balance and study the impact of climate change by monitoring sea levels. This paper aims to investigate the possible implementation of cold atom sensors for future satellite gravity missions, which would improve our current knowledge of the Earth’s gravity field and contribute into the sustainable environmental management. Graphical Abstract
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Caroti, G., A. Piemonte, and N. Squeglia. "Long term geodetic measurements in the Piazza del Duomo (Pisa, Italy) and its relevance for monitoring of Leaning Tower." In Geotechnical Engineering for the Preservation of Monuments and Historic Sites III. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003308867-38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geodetic monitoring of engineering objects"

1

Kaminskis, Janis, Lubova Sulakova, Kalvis Salmins, Janis Kaulins, and Lauris Goldbergs. "SLR and GNSS Test Field for Global Geodetic Network Assessment in Riga." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.718.

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The basic aim is to contribute to the world geodetic space in line with today’s scientific achievements. Riga geodynamic site is a thankful place for this, as it has long-term SLR observations and the longest GNSS records in Latvia. The goal is establishment of regional long-term geodetic monitoring station at LU Institute of Astronomy, Riga, Kandavas street 2, by joining at least two space geodetic technologies – the already installed laser-telescope LS-105 and GNSS − collocated, but not sufficiently linked. The capability of geodetic GNSS observations would uniquely complement Riga GNSS station and allow to determine more accurate coordinates of the LS-105 laser telescope and the long-term changes needed to accurately measure the positions of Earth satellites and other similar space objects. GNSS Observation Station will contribute to the development of positioning and position long-term change to accuracy of less than 1mm, one of the current global goals of GGOS. We plan to solve the problem with the exact position of the telescope LS-105 it will contribute to the development of scientific research and applied potential of the LU Satellite Laser Ranging station. From the national point of view geodetic station serves as an important point for Latvian National Geodetic Network, long term large infrastructure planning, engineering communications, cartography, etc. From a global perspective the station will be one of very few such stations in the region and the only one in the Baltics capable of valuable contribution to ITRF network. Preparatory work for the study has started by selecting and consolidating geodetic points for further measurements.
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Jankauskienė, Dainora, Marija Eidukevičiūtė, and Vitalijus Volkovas. "Geodetic and Geotechnical Means of Sea Breakwaters' Monitoring System." In Civil engineering '17 : 6th International Scientific Conference "Research for Environment and Civil Engineering Development 17”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/ce.2018.010.

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Jankauskienė, Dainora, Marija Eidukevičiūtė, and Vitalijus Volkovas. "Geodetic and Geotechnical Means of Sea Breakwaters' Monitoring System." In Civil engineering '17 : 6th International Scientific Conference "Research for Environment and Civil Engineering Development 17”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/ce.2017.010.

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Pavlis, Erricos C., Antonio Paolozzi, Giampiero Sindoni, and Ignazio Ciufolini. "Contribution of LARES and geodetic satellites on environmental monitoring." In 2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2015.7165479.

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Gura, D. A., N. M. Kiryunikova, E. D. Lesovaya, N. I. Khusht, A. P. Pavlukova, and V. V. Podtelkov. "Geodetic Monitoring System to Ensure Safe Operation of Infrastructure Facilities." In 2020 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon50210.2020.9271604.

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Shults, Roman, Khaini-Kamal Kassymkanova, Shugyla Burlibayeva, Daria Skopinova, Roman Demianenko, and Yurii Medvedskyi. "UAV Monitoring of Excavation Works." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.696.

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The first stage of any construction is carrying out excavation works. These works are high-priced and timeconsuming. Mostly, for geodetic control of the works, the surveyors are using total stations and GNSS equipment. Last decade, UAV technology was a breakthrough in the geodetic technologies market. One of the possible applications of UAV is the monitoring of excavation works. In the article, the opportunities and accuracy of UAV data while performing the excavation works were studied. The surveying of earth volume in the middle of construction works was made using DJI Phantom 4 UAV. The data were being processed using two photogrammetric software: Agisoft Metashape and PhotoModeler Premium. For comparison, the surveying also was made using a conventional total station. For each data source, the 3D models were generated. The obtained models were compared with each other in CloudCompare software. The comparison revealed the high accuracy of UAV data that satisfies customer’s requirements. For the case of two software comparing, it is better to process data using PhotoModeler. The PhotoModeler software allows performing in-depth data analysis and blunders searching.
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Urbanas, Saulius, Eimuntas Kazimieras Parseliunas, Povilas Viskontas, et al. "Struve Geodetic Arc – the Decade in the World Heritage List." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.248.

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Unique scientific project unifying scientitsts of present modern countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Russia was carried out in the first half of the 19th century. Results obtained for the mentioned period were very accurate especialy considering the size of the project and instruments used for the measurements. Network of triangulation of 2820 km lenght running from Danube mouth till Arctic Ocean also called Struve Geodetic Arc was built and measured in 1816–1852. That was the longest and most accurate measured meridian arc in 19th century which measurements data were used during the century for computing and improving parameters of the Earth elipsoid. Geodetic points of Struve Geodetic Arc were listed to the World Heritage List in 2005. Three points located in Meškonys, Paliepiukai and Gireišiai were commemorated in Lithuania. The Coordinating Committee of Struve Geodetic Arc was created for colaboration, spreading information for wider public, exchange of the best practice for preservation of Struve Geodetic Arc points. Practice, experience and problems related to the World Heritage List objects preservation are presented and analyzed in this publication.
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Shults, Roman, Saule Soltabayeva, Gulnur Seitkazina, Zhupargul Nukarbekova, and Oksana Kucherenko. "Geospatial Monitoring and Structural Mechanics Models: a Case Study of Sports Structures." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.685.

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The task of geospatial monitoring is one of the most common in the practice of geodetic works. In the twentieth century, the basic principles for carrying out geospatial monitoring, accuracy calculation, observation intervals assignment, and data simulation were developed. However, since that time, both the building and geodetic technologies have been changed considerably. Among modern engineering structures, the building technology of which has undergone significant changes are sport structures. The use of the state-of-the-art sport structures is associated with the presence of specific loads, name a few: the impact of a vast number of spectators (e.g., stadiums, cycle tracks, etc.) or loads directly from the competitions equipment (e.g., bobsleigh tracks, race tracks, etc.). The primary goal of the presented paper is to develop a general approach to the preliminary accuracy calculation of the geospatial monitoring of the sports structures using the methods of structural mechanics. As an example, a football stadium was considered. Based on the simulation, the improved technology of geospatial monitoring for the sports structure was suggested. The in-depth analysis of the creation of geodetic networks for geospatial monitoring was accomplished. At the final step, the results of geospatial monitoring for the football stadium were analyzed, and hands-on recommendations were made.
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Radulescu, Gheorghe M. T., and Adrian T. G. Radulescu. "The contribution of optical methods and geodetic instruments in structural monitoring: a brief historical survey." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by José Sasián and Richard N. Youngworth. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2021702.

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Puškorius, Vytautas, Eimuntas Paršeliūnas, Petras Petroškevičius, and Romuald Obuchovski. "An Analysis of Choosing Gravity Anomalies for Solving Problems in Geodesy, Geophysics and Environmental Engineering." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.684.

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Gravity anomalies provide valuable information about the Earth‘s gravity field. They are used for solving various geophysical and geodetic tasks, mineral and oil exploration, geoid and quasi-geoid determination, geodynamic processes of Earth, determination of the orbits of various objects, moving in space around the Earth etc. The increasing accuracy of solving the above mentioned problems poses new requirements for the accuracy of the gravity anomalies. Increasing the accuracy of gravity anomalies can be achieved by gaining the accuracy of the gravimetric and geodetic measurements, and by improving the methodology of the anomalies detection. The modern gravimetric devices allow to measure the gravity with an accuracy of several microgals. Space geodetic systems allow to define the geodetic coordinates and ellipsoidal heights of gravimetric points within a centimeter accuracy. This opens up the new opportunities to calculate in practice both hybrid and pure gravity anomalies and to improve their accuracy. In this context, it is important to analyse the possibilities of detecting various gravity anomalies and to improve the methodology for detecting gravity anomalies. Also it is important the correct selection of the gravity anomalies for different geodetic, geophysical and environmental engineering tasks. The modern gravity field data of the territory of Lithuania are used for the research.
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