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Journal articles on the topic 'Geodynamics'
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1
Nesterenko, Maksim, Aleksey Tsviak, and Vladimir Belov. "Natural and technogenic geodynamic processes in the south ural." E3S Web of Conferences 208 (2020): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020801018.
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In this paper is presented hydro-geodynamics and geodynamics in the South Urals. Seismicity and geodynamics induced by hydrocarbon production by summarizing the published case studies are considered. Changes in hydro-and gas dynamics affect changes in the geodynamics of the crust. Natural and technogenic changes in bowels of the Earth are usually entail tectonic movements and deformations of earth’s surface, which is one of the important factors determining environmental changes and requiring mandatory consideration in engineering-geological surveys and exploitation of deposits. The approach is based on identified changes in hydrogeodinamics, stress-deformation state and seismic activity in areas of mineral resources of oil and gas fields. Negative geodynamic processes occurring on the territory of the Eastern Orenburg Region are identified. The analysis of the geodynamic state of the subsurface of the Eastern Orenburg Region is carried out. Based on the analysis, conclusions are made about possible causes of the geodynamic processes. An effective method for observing geodynamic processes using a seismological network is proposed and justified. A method of organizing a geodynamic polygon on a mineral field under development using a network of seismic stations has been developed.
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Lozyniak, P. Yu, A. V. Nazarevych, and L. Ye Nazarevych. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(11)2011, no. 2(11) (September 20, 2011): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2011.02.170.
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In the paper on the base of analyzing of Neogene sediments` structure of Transcarpathian depression the Neogene geodynamics of the region is traced. Based on comparisons with modern data it is concluded that modern geodynamic regime of depressions` lithosphere is some continuing of transformation of Neogene geodynamic process from subcarpathian to the zonal ones with the growing of display of processes with transversal pattern and with their spatial migration (in general – from the southeast to the northwest). It is shown that the middle subcarpathian belt of heightened seismic activity in depressions is closely related to disjunctive dislocations of Neogene initiation of its axial zone.
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AKSENOV, Vladimir, Vyacheslav BEGLYAKOV, and Dmitry DUBINKIN. "SUBSTANTIATION OF THE NEED TO CREATE A NEW SCIENTIFIC DIRECTION – GEODYNAMICS OF UNDERGROUND APPARATUSES." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 13, no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2021-13-4-637-643.
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The article presents the new basic functional systems of underground devices of the “geokhod” class, as well as the problems faced by developers at all stages of the creation of experimental and prototypes of the new class of underground devices “geokhod”. The development of systems of a new class of underwater vehicles is hindered by the lack of special scientific and methodological support. The authors of the article propose the creation of a new scientific specialty “Geodynamics of underground apparatuses”. The article presents the formula of the scientific specialty “Geodynamics of underground apparatuses”; priority tasks of the scientific specialty “ Geodynamics of underground apparatuses “, within which research is carried out and primaryresults are obtained. But so far, the state of scientific and methodological support in this area is a deterrent. The development of a new scientific direction “Geodynamics of underground apparatuses” will make it possible to fill this gap. Similarly, with the Aerodynamics of aircraft, and Geodynamics of underground vehicles as a science should include the basics of two main components: geodynamics and dynamics of movement of underground vehicles. Geodynamics of underground apparatuses should determine the forces and moments acting on underground apparatuses and on the basis of this determine the rational forms of interacting surfaces. It is noted that in all known definitions and problems of geodynamics there is no binding to the definition of the interaction of the machine and the geoenvironment. The concept of “geomedia” is defined by the example of geokhod mining. The geomedia is heterogeneous and anisotropic in its properties. When a solid body interacts with a medium, the formation of an interaction surface is inevitable. For the process of motion of a solid body in a solid medium, there are two real surfaces: the surface of a moving body and the surface of the medium, the shape and dimensions of which may not coincide, perhaps even often cannot coincide. By analogy with the aerodynamic shape, it is proposed to introduce the concept of “geodynamic shape”. To reduce the forces of resistance to the movement of the underground apparatus in the geomedia and to ensure its stability, it is important not only the rational external form of the underground apparatus and its systems, but also the rational form of the surface of the geo-environment – the Geodynamic shape of the surface. In conclusion, the main tasks of Geodynamics of underground apparatuses are formulated.
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Bogusz, Janusz, Aleksander Brzezinski, Wieslaw Kosek, and Jolanta Nastula. "Earth rotation and geodynamics." Geodesy and Cartography 64, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 201–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geocart-2015-0013.
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Abstract This paper presents the summary of research activities carried out in Poland in 2011-2014 in the field of Earth rotation and geodynamics by several Polish research institutions. It contains a summary of works on Earth rotation, including evaluation and prediction of its parameters and analysis of the related excitation data as well as research on associated geodynamic phenomena such as geocentre motion, global sea level change and hydrological processes. The second part of the paper deals with monitoring of geodynamic phenomena. It contains analysis of geodynamic networks of local, and regional scale using space (GNSS and SLR) techniques, Earth tides monitoring with gravimeters and water-tube hydrostatic clinometer, and the determination of secular variation of the Earth’ magnetic field.
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Valentina, Svalova. "Geodynamics of the Caucasus – Anatolian-Arabian region and Turkey-Syria Earthquakes 2023." Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences 19 (May 2, 2023): 40–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29169/1927-5129.2023.19.04.
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The activation of natural disasters in the world requires the development of new approaches to the study of geological processes, in particular, at the boundaries of lithospheric plates, characterized by earthquakes, increased seismicity, volcanism, landslide processes, tsunamis and other dangerous natural processes and hazards. Earthquake of M 7.8 struck south -eastern Turkey and north - western Syria on 6 February 2023. The M 7.8 earthquake is the largest in Turkey since the 1939 Erzincan earthquake, and the second-strongest recorded in the country, after the 1668 North Anatolia earthquake. More than 52,800 deaths were confirmed: more than 46,100 in Turkey, and more than 6,700 in Syria. It is the deadliest natural disaster in Turkey's modern history. The earthquakes caused over US$100 billion in damages. The geodynamic models construction for the deep structure of natural hazards regions is an important contribution to the study of active continental margins, which is necessary for the earthquake forecast, prediction and prognosis, assessing geoecological risks and preparing population actions in the event of natural disasters and catastrophes. The Caucasus - Arabian region is a complex highly-stressed geodynamic structure, characterized by increased heat flow, high seismicity, magmatism and volcanism. The geodynamics of the Caucasus - Arabian region is determined by the collision of the Eurasian and Arabian lithosphere plates, as well as the complex history of the development of the Alpine-Himalayan belt and surrounding territories. The problem solution of geological structures formation and evolution in various complex geodynamic settings and natural hazards forecast and prognosis requires an analysis of all available geological - geophysical data, as well as the formulation and solution of problems of mechanical and mathematical modeling. Slow lithospheric deformations are simulated by models of viscous flow in multi-layered, incompressible, high-viscosity Newtonian fluid, using Navier-Stocks equation and discontinuity equation. The solution of the inverse problem of geodynamics by the direct method is developed. The first inverse problem of geodynamics was solved - the restoration of the velocity fields, pressures and stresses at the depth of the lithosphere according to the available data on the velocities on the surface. The second inverse problem of geodynamics has been posed and solved - the determination of the movement of boundaries at the depth of the lithosphere based on the given movements of the surface. The solutions obtained can be used to analyze deep geodynamic problems, and together with geothermal modeling, geological and geophysical methods and seismic tomography can serve as a reliable apparatus for studying deep geodynamics due to the formation and evolution of geological structures and the lithosphere stress-strain state researches. The solution of the problem is analyzed on the example of the Caucasus - Arabian region geodynamics. The Geodynamic concept of geoenvironment has been developed. Geodynamic models of the regions of hazardous natural processes in order to predict and prevent natural disasters and catastrophes are constructed. An algorithm for creating monitoring systems is suggested.
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Zhanibekov, Bobir, Mirali Kamalovich, Bakhtiyar Toshmukhamdov, Munira Abdunabieva, and Dilafruz Abdusamatova. "Geodynamic issues of ore deposits in Central Asia." E3S Web of Conferences 497 (2024): 02032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449702032.
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The focus of this study is on a pressing issue in ore geology, specifically the geodynamics of ore formation. The paper delineates a comprehensive methodology for examining the geodynamic context in regions hosting endogenous mineralization. The foundation for reconstructing geodynamics lies in geological and structural investigations into the circumstances surrounding mineralization, complemented by outcomes from physical modeling. Tectonic tension and deformation analyses of ore fields and deposits further contribute crucial insights. The study underscores that understanding the geodynamic setting is paramount for elucidating the processes leading to ore formation. This involves a detailed examination of geological structures, conditions of mineralization, and physical modeling results. By adopting this approach, the research provides a robust framework for reconstructing the geodynamic conditions prevalent during the period of ore formation. As a practical application of this methodology, the paper presents results from the reconstruction of the geodynamic situation during the ore formation period in a gold deposit situated in Western Uzbekistan. These findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the geodynamic processes associated with the formation of valuable mineral deposits, thereby enhancing our ability to interpret and potentially predict similar occurrences in ore geology.
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Ćatić, Jasmin, and Dževad Krdžalić. "Application of Scientific Software GAMIT/GLOBK for Geodynamics in Bosnia and Herzegovina." Geodetski glasnik, no. 50 (December 31, 2019): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.58817/2233-1786.2019.53.50.95.
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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are used for different purposes in geodesy, like engineering geodesy, land management, real estate cadastre, land surveying, etc. However, high-precision GNSS measurements are used primarly for determination of reference networks, and for investigation of geodynamical phenomena as tectonic plates movements, which is the focus of this paper. An active GNSS network of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIHPOS) was used for calculation of coordinates and velocities of networks' stations. Data from 23 stations were processed using scientific software GAMIT/GLOBK (version 10.7), developed on MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). A sub-centimeter accuracy of coordinates is achieved and accuracy of calculated velocities is better than 1 mm/year. Station velocities interpretate geodynamics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Six IGS stations were used, as reference datum stations. Reference stations analysis results are in good match with EUREF Permanent GNSS Network velocities, while BIHPOS stations velocities (at 13 stations in Bosnia and Herzegovina) show very similar trend to the velocities obtained from regional geodynamic campaigns (CERGOP).
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Baryshev, Alexander, and Galina Khachatryan. "Geodynamics, diamondiferous system tectonics and minerageny." Domestic geology, no. 6 (January 22, 2021): 88–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-7175-2020-10033.
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The paper presents a unique geodynamic evolution concept of all processes and structures ensuring carbon source formation and movement for diamond crystals growth in the mantle, and diamondiferous medium supply to the surface. Geodynamic basis for diamond formation is exogenetic source sinking in old subduction zones evolving along convection cell edges. The supply is ongoing in an advection system, with transtension combined with convection playing a key role. The paper shows periods of spatial pipe cluster location and tectonophysical pattern of this phenomenon. Based on geodynamics, the authors suggest improving a taxonomical scheme of the diamondiferous system due to its fractal structure, from a mineragenic province to a pipe cluster. Specific examples are presented to highlight major structural elements of diamondiferous taxons (systems) and their formation patterns. Debatable issues of kimberlite nature are discussed.
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Shljahovyj, V. V. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.060.
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The digital computer geodynamic complex is used for registration of earth tides, the seismic information and other geophysical fields. It consists from high-sensitivity tidal gravimeter, autocompensatory seismotiltmeter, 24-bits ADC, computer systems of registration and the system of registration of meteoparameters. The complex is connected from a computer information network of an observatory to Internet.
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Malytskyi, D. V., R. M. Pak, E. M. Kozlovskyi, O. O. Muila, and O. I. Khytryak. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.072.
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This article is considered for the displacement field on the free surface of a layered medium. The relations of a wave field are checked by MATLAB. Matrix and recurrent methods give the same results for numerical calculations.
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Karpenko, V. M., Yu P. Starodub, and O. V. Karpenko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.081.
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The questions, related to the informative features of oscillator dynamics, which succeed to be learned with the use of energy-informatics approach, are examined in this article. The spatial and kinematics parameters of simple oscillator are examined depending on energy that gives the possibility to define the dynamic parameters of oscillator - mass and rigidity. Oscillators are explored with the use of energy-informatics approach with the solution of inverse problem - the determination of mass and flexibility of oscillators' vibrations, which as separate chain lets model the medium.
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Maksymchuk, V. Yu. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.102.
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General information and subject of papers of scientific conference “New geophysical technologies of prognosis and monitoring of geological environment”, which took place from 9 to 11 October, 2007 in the Carpathians Brunch of Subbotin name Institute of geophysics of NAS of Ukraine (Lviv), is given.
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Klymkovych, T. A., Yu M. Horodyskyy, V. H. Kuznietsova, and V. Yu Maksymchuk. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.041.
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The results of long term investigations of induction vectors in the Transcarpathian trough are analyzed. The description of digital magnetovariational data processing and induction vectors calculation algorithm is given. The time relations of anomalous changes of induction vectors and local seismical regimen are analyzed. The direct relation between these phenomena has not been detected, however they are not entirely independent as well.
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Latynina, L. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.026.
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The character of a geodetic method of study of recent movements of the rocks and method of local measurements are compared. The network of underground deformation stations in Carpathians is considered. The results of station observations and the results of the long-term geodetic measurements which have been carried out in Austria-Hungary are compared. The structure of fields of deformations in western part of the East Carpathians on these data and data of two stations «Muzhievo» and «Beregovo» coincide. The main axes of a field of the deformations have latitude and meridian directions. There is an intensive compression in the latitude azimuth. In east part of the east Carpathians on border with Vigorlat-Guta volcanic ridge the station «Korolevo» registers intensive expansion of the surface in latitude direction. The data of geological and geophysical researches confirm objectivity of the received results.
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Nazarevych, L. Ye, and A. V. Nazarevych. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.049.
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In the article the seismicity and deep structure of lithosphere of Bukovyna and adjoining territories is analysed and the general geomechanical scheme of seismotectonic process in subregion is proposed, which adjusts with present tectonophysical, seismological, geological and geodesic data and explains observed here spatial-temporal, energetic and other peculiarities of local seismicity and modem geodynamics of lithosphere.
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Guseva, T. V., and L. Latynina. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.005.
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The important problems of the GPS measurements are the searches of the earthquake precursors and study of irreversible and varying displacement of the Earth crust, due to the strongest earthquakes. With development of GPS systems and improvement of satellite technologies of measurements and methods of processing there was possible to in detail register the processes occurring during activization of seismicity. GPS measurement with the large frequency of registration of satellite signals are the powerful tool of study longperiodical waves at the strongest earthquakes. There are considered the examples of registration of the irreversible and coseismical horizontal displacements and deformations of the Earth crust surface arising during the tectonical processes, accompanied the strong earthquakes (Izmit by 1999, Alaska 2002, Sumatra 2004 etc.).
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Fys, М. M., А. Sohor, and R. S. Fotsa. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.011.
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Bubniak, I. M., A. M. Bubniak, Y. M. Vikhot, and R. B. Spilnyk. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.016.
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The article is devoted to importance of joints which are the most widespread structural elements of the earth's crust and are in all lithologic types of mountain breeds, for the study of the tense state and mechanical conduct of mountain breeds. Joints are the perceptible indicators of tensions at geotectonics development of territory. Determination of the real dependence of correlations between joints and reasons of their origin enables to use joints for paleotectonic reconstructions, and also at created models of reservoirs in oil geology.
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Tolstoy, M. I., and O. V. Shabatura. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.020.
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On the examples of various geological situations (Ukrainian Shield and Transcarpathian deep) are shown the efficiency of applying of geophysical method as to searching of tectonics, geodynamics and geological prognosis
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Furman, V. V., M. M. Khomiak, and L. N. Khomyak. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.085.
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We investigate a role of the contact friction in thrusting within the framework of the critical taper theory and according to geological settings for orogenic belts including the Ukrainian Carpathians (in Early Cretaceous time). Finite element models are used to simulate tectonic compression of sedimentary rocks by submerged stage and take into account frictional slipping on the detachment horizon. We assume a simple wedge geometry (rectangular layer 60 km long, 1.5 km thick and 2.5 km deep), plane strain state, quasistatic process and use elastic constitutive relation. Mechanical loads include gravity, water pressure on top and lateral displacement (up to 0.5 km) from the left, whereas the right side is fixed. Numerical results show specific features of the inhomogeneous stress fields for small (0.01-0.5), middle (0.5-0.64), large (0.64—0.8) and overlarge (0.8-1.15) friction coefficients. The magnitude of the tangential contact stress controls the front between sliding and sticking zones. Stress trajectories enable to predict thrust structures using Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.
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Minenko, P. O., and R. V. Minenko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.095.
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Methods of the stable decision of return problems gravity which complex use is a necessary condition for effective studying tectonic structures in files of rocks below a bottom of the sea are developed.
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Shljahovyj, V. P., V. I. Tregubenko, V. V. Shljahovyj, O. A. Boborykina, and V. A. Nasonkin. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.033.
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On the cape Chersonese (Sevastopol) functions a geodynamic complex. It is consist from laser strainmeters and compensatory tiltmeter with digital systems of data registration. Modem movements of earth crust are registered: earth tides, seismic signals and other deformation phenomena in earth crust. At strongest Indonesian earthquakes the oscillations with the periods from 5 till 29 minutes are accurately registered. They can be modes of Earth free oscillations.
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Liashchuk, O. I., V. U. Savel'ev, and V. N. Pavlovich. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.055.
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The generalized working model of preparation of earthquake, which it is possible to adapt for the search of precursors of earthquakes in the district of mountains of Vranchea with the use of hardwares of set in the Autonomous observation post “Kamenets-Podol'sky” of the Main center of the special control, is offered in this work. The fact of co-operation and synchronization of the geophysical fields is model basis at preparation of earthquake. A model takes into account also possible triggers effects from the waves, magnetic boraxes and meteorological factors. Composition of complex of hardwares of the geophysical monitoring is offered for registration of possible precursors effects and method of the measuring data got by these facilities processing.
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Levashov, S. P., M. A. Yakymchuk, I. M. Korchahin, M. D. Zhuldaspayev, V. I. Yakubovsky, and D. M. Bozhezha. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(6)2007, no. 1(6) (September 20, 2007): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2007.01.067.
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The results of the geoelectric methods of formation of short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) using during aerogeophysical investigation conducting within the perspective for the oil and gas Kostanayskaya area are given. The principal possibility of the survey by FSPEF method conducting from airplane is shown. This testifies that FSPEF survey can be used with other aerogeophysical methods for reconnaissance investigation of big for area and difficult of access territories.
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Tretyak, Kornyliy, and Bogdan Palianytsia. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.005.
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The goal. Identify the relationship between seasonal temperature changes and vertical and horizontal displacements of GNSS control points based on data obtained by the automated monitoring system of the Dnipro HPP dam in the period from 2016 to 2020. Input data. The research used data of uninterrupted GNSS measurements obtained at 16 points of the Dnipro HPP dam from mid-2016 to mid-2020. Method. A specially developed software product analyzes the GNSS time series of measurements pre-processed by the GeoMoS system to determine the parameters of seasonal displacements and their relationship with seasonal changes in air temperature. The GNSS time series analysis. Based on the conducted research, the influence of environmental temperature has a decisive effect on the cyclicity of dam deformations. This applies to both horizontal and vertical displacements but in the absence of significant changes in the water level in the upper reservoir. Values of extreme displacements increase closer to the middle of the dam and decrease at the edges. This tendency is observed every year in the study period. According to the three-year GNSS dam monitoring, the amplitude of semi-annual horizontal oscillations of the control points relative to the dam axis is in the range of 15-18 mm. Almost all vectors of horizontal displacements are perpendicular to the axis of the arcuate dam. In the first half of the year, the vectors of horizontal displacements aim to widen the dam, and in the second half of the year - at compressing the dam. The analysis of the data represents that almost every year, extreme deviations, both horizontal and vertical, occur in February and August. Temperature extremes occur faster than excessive GNSS displacements. For the dam of the Dnipro HPP, the extreme horizontal displacements lag on average by 37 days, and the vertical ones - by 32 days from the extreme temperatures. The deformations of the dam are related to the concrete structure temperature, which changes with a certain delay relative to the air temperature. The magnitudes of extreme displacements and the epoch of their manifestation depend on the dam's design and its technical parameters. For each dam, these extreme displacements and the periods of their representation will be different. Accordingly, monitoring these displacements and their changes over time is one of the criteria for assessing the general condition of the dam. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The regularities of the connection between the change of temperature and the displacements of the GNSS points, revealed during the research, can be used for the further study of data processing and analysis of the hydraulic structures monitoring.
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Shtohryn, Liudmyla. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.065.
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Purpose. The aim of the research presented in this article is to analyze the features of the reflection of the damage to the territory of the Transcarpathian region by landslide processes based on the anomalies in the magnetic and gravitational fields, taking into account tectonic zoning. The study is an important stage in predicting the landslide processes and it is aimed at reducing their negative effects on the environment. The relevance of the research is due to the growing intensification of landslides in the Carpathian region of Ukraine. Methodology. The development of landslides in each structural-tectonic zone is associated with its tectonic structure, and therefore these processes can have different intensity, dynamics, tendencies for further development and distribution area. Lithological-facies composition and bedding conditions of rocks form the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, determining the rate and mechanism of the development of landslides. The spatial confinedness of landslide processes in the fault zones is reflected in the gravitational and magnetic fields. Results. With the help of GIS MapInfo tools, a number of landslides in each tectonic zone, anomalies in the gravitational and magnetic fields, areas affected by landslides, the distance to the fault zones were calculated. The important result of the research is to prove a direct correlation between the spatial distribution of landslides and fault zones, tectonic structure, the lithological composition of rocks, which are reflected in gravimagnetic anomalies. Scientific novelty. The peculiarities of the reflection of the tectonic structure, zones of decompression, fragmentation of rocks and lithological composition in gravimagnetic fields on a regional scale are examined, and their association with landslide processes is evaluated for the first time. Practical significance. The theoretical substantiation of the peculiarities of the behaviour of gravimagnetic fields in the zones of distribution of landslide processes makes it possible to assess the natural conditions for the formation and development of landslides in a given region. The connection between the impact of the fault zones on landslide processes by their reflection in gravimagnetic fields is established, which can be used in the future for spatial forecasting of the development of landslides in territories with related structural-tectonic conditions.
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Bartaschuk, Оleksii, and Vasyl Suyarko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.025.
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The second part of the article studies the tectonic conditions and natural mechanisms of tectonic inversion of the Dnieper-Donets Basin and the Western Donets Graben. Method. The research uses the original method of reconstruction of fields of tectonic stresses and deformations. It also makes tectonophysical analysis of geostructures was used. The analytical base of the research consisted of the latest materials of geo-mapping, numerical modeling of deformations of the southern edge of the Eastern European platform and comparison of model and reconstructed stress fields. Results. In the geodynamic environment of the interference of the intraplate submeridional collision compression with the regional strike-slip stress field, the inversion deformations of the rift-like geostructure took place in the uplift-thrust and strike-slip modes. This led to significant horizontal movements of geomass of sedimentary rocks, deformation folding with the formation of three inversion floors - Late Hercynian (Saal-Pfalz), Early Alpine (Laramian) and Late Alpine (Attic). They formed structural ensembles of scaly tectonic covers of transverse displacement of geomass a from axial to onboard zones, folded covers of longitudinal approach from the Donbas Foldbelt and long linear anti- and synforms, the axes of which are oriented orthogonally to the direction of geomass advancement. Together they form the body of the Segment of Tectonic Wedging of geomass, which is distinguished as part of the Cover-Folded System of Tectonic Thrusting of regional scale. A feature of the tectonic framework of the Segment is the curvature of the planes of the main thrusts, which limit it, and smaller plumage thrusts, which control the folded covers of the thrust. It is associated with a change in the extension of the thrusts from the north-west in the territory of the Western Donets Graben to the western direction in the extreme south-east of the Basin. This causes the corresponding bending of the axes of the fracture anti- and synforms. Structural patterns of folding with a tendency to adapt the axes of folds to the extension of thrusts indicate significant horizontal displacements of geomas of the sedimentary stratum, which in conditions of limited geological space cause secondary deformations of linear folded forms. Due to the displacement of geomas from the zones of maximum compression in the axial part of the Graben to the zones of geodynamic shadow - in the direction of the Oryl depression and Graben boards, the West Donets Cover-Folded Tectonic Region was formed within the transition zone. Scientific novelty. The study completed an original kinematic model of tectonic inversion of the Western Donets Graben was completed. The mechanism of inversion, due to which the riftogenic structure is completely destroyed by folded deformations of platform orogeneses, is caused by the pressure of the "tectonic stamp" of the Donbas Foldbelt. Under its influence, a segment of tectonic wedge was formed in the Graben, which was diagnosed with oroclin of transverse extension of the sliding type. The body of the Oroclin is formed by echeloned, rock-articulated ensembles of anticlinal uplift -folds, synclines and scaly plates-covers of pushing. A geodynamic injection band was formed in the foreland of the Tectonic Orocline extension, where folded zones of geomas displacement were formed, which consist of coulisse articulated uplift-anticlines. At the top of the Orocline, at the ends of dynamically conjugate main thrusts, an advanced tectonic compression fan is formed. In the rear of the Oroclin – hinterland are tectonic sutures – the roots of the folding covers of the approach. Practical significance. Development of a structural-kinematic model of tectonic inversion of the Western Donets Graben will allow to improve the geodynamic model of tectonic inversion of the Dnieper-Donets paleorift, on the basis of which regional schemes of tectonic and oil-gas-geological zoning will be adjusted.
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Naumko, Іhor, N. V. Batsevych, Yu I. Fedoryshyn, Myroslav Pavlyuk, Yu S. Myshchyshyn, and I. V. Repyn. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.036.
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Purpose. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the peculiarities of the spatial distribution of thickness and paleorelief of continental flood basalts of Luchychi stratum of Ratne suite of the Ediacaran of the Ratne–Kamin-Kashyrskyi Area in Western Volyn using maps of the thickness and relief of the paleosurface. The study also focuses on correlation between the specified parameters of the stratum and the spatial change of concentrations of native mineralization and its localization relative to the roof (sole) of the stratum. Method. The research applies a number of methods, including field geological surveys; petrography of basalts, structural features (degree of crystallization of mesostasis, structural position of minerals and, in particular, copper, ratio of globular formations and minerals that surround them, relationship between globules), macro- and microtextural features of rocks; geochemical research: determination of the content of the main chemical components of the rocks by the method of gross chemical analysis and copper content; geological and morphostructural studies: construction of a map of paleorelief and thickness of continental flood basalt of the Luchichiv stratum (according to the section of wells). Results. The constructed maps of the thickness and paleo surface of the Luchychi stratum show the spatial variability of the basalt thickness and the reflection of the effective tectonic situation on its paleo surface, which can be "read" by relief elements. It is established that high copper content in basalts is spatially confined to areas of maximum thickness and shifted vertically to the near-roof and, partially, plantar parts of the basalt thickness, and the degree of their crystallization increases in the direction of the inner parts of bodies. This situation with the spatial arrangement of native mineralization indicates the existence within these areas of local isolated thermostated systems. They evolved in their internal parts in conditions close to the intrusive ones (relatively slow decrease in melt temperature, crystallization of rock differences almost devoid of volcanic glass – dolerite-basalts with the transition to dolerites in the central part). Such physicochemical conditions caused long-term migration of gaseous, gaseous-liquid and liquid fluids, providing concomitant extraction, concentration, transfer and deposition not only of native copper, but also a number of petrogenic oxides (alkalis, iron, partially calcium, silicium). The latter subsequently formed a number of low-temperature minerals, the most common of which are zeolites, calcite, and iron compounds. In areas with small and minimum thickness of basalts, the above facts are observed in a reduced form, and in some places are virtually absent. The research has established the complete absence of signs of hydrothermal copper ore mineralization. The latter indicates the lack of evidence about the formation of native mineralization of the hydrothermal type. We provide the geological and petrogeochemical facts that give grounds to consider the scenario of the process of formation of native copper mineralization in relation to the fluid-liquidation hypothesis, earlier developed and proposed by the authors. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the study made it possible to construct maps of the thickness and relief of the paleo surface of the basalts of the Luchychi strata of the Ratne–Kamin-Kashyrskyi area of Western Volyn. Based on the actual material it is shown that the vertical distribution and localization of native mineralization within basaltic bodies are naturally related to their thickness. The value of native copper is directly related to body thickness, reaching a maximum in areas with maximum thickness and background values at the minimum thickness. Practical significance. For the first time, geological, petrographic, geological and morphostructural data were compared with the copper content in basalts of the Luchichi stratum. The proposed approach can be used by geological production organizations in conducting exploration work to prepare promising areas for exploration of the North-Hirnyky and Rafalivka ore fields (ore nodes) within the Ratne Horst anticline. The obtained original material can be distributed as a new method of native mineralization search in other areas of the continental flood basalts distribution.
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Verbytskyi, Serhii, Bohdan Kuplovskyi, Vasyl Prokopyshyn, Oleksandr Stetskiv, Iryna Nishchimenko, Taras Brych, and Oleh Kruk. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.058.
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Objective. To refine seismic hazard parameters by registering high-frequency microseisms within the site under reconstruction in connection with the land plot enlargement of a plant intended for electronic components manufacturing. To quantify the estimated intensity of seismic shakings (in MSK-64 scale scores) accounting for the effects associated with local engineering and geological conditions at the study site. Methods. Seismic microzonation practical works at construction sites implies the application of short-period microseism registration method, which is considered to be one of the most efficient and unbiased instrumental SMZ methods when the field seismological studies are to be performed in a short period of time. The method relies on comparing parameters of soil micro-vibrations generated by natural and anthropogenic sources at the studied and the reference sites. At that, the soil is regarded as a filter capable of modifying the amplitude and phase oscillation spectra of seismic waves hitting the sedimentary cover basement. The seismic intensity gains were determined by comparing the amplitudes of soil oscillations at registration points over several sections of the site and at a reference point. Microseisms were recorded by using two identical three-channel digital seismic stations DAS-05 being the newest ones out of the model series of automatic seismic stations developed at S. I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine. VEGIK seismometers were used as seismometers. Results. Microseismic oscillation recording analysis has revealed that the main contribution to the formation of a wave field is due to the urban background disturbances falling within the frequency range of f = 8.0 - 18.0 Hz, as well as low-frequency natural oceanic effects amounting to f = 0.4 - 8.0 Hz while high-frequency vibrations are caused by anthropogenic factors amounting to f = 18.0 - 27.0 Hz (Fig. 3). Data of synchronous 24-hour microseism registering have indicated a sufficiently high stability of the amplitude level and frequency composition of microseismic oscillations, which suggests that the microseismic processes approximate stationary ones, provided that non-stationary events are removed from records. Plots of seismic intensity gain values at different frequencies caused by soil conditions at the studied site, determined according to the relation of averaged microseismic amplitude spectra both at the studied and reference site, are shown in Fig. 4. The average estimates of seismic intensity gains in the frequency range of 0.1 - 20.0 Hz for the construction site soil conditions, calculated with respect to microseismic spectral densities per all three vibration components, are presented in Table 1. The seismic intensity gain in relation to the initial (background) one for the engineering and geological conditions of the site equals to ΔIr = -0.21. Scientific novelty. Given the amplitude ratio and amplitude spectra of microseisms recorded at different sites and at the reference point, refined parameters of seismic hazards for the developable site have been obtained with consideration of the local soil conditions effects. Evaluation ratings of seismic shaking calculated intensity (in MSK-64 scale scores) based on effects associated with the local engineering and geological conditions of the study site have been provided. Practical significance. Construction site SMZ yields updated values of seismic forces relative to the general seismic zonation of the country, which allows taking into account possible gain in seismic severity at the design stage of earthquake-proof construction. Consideration of SMZ results at construction of engineering structures prevents human casualties and reduces economic losses in case of seismic manifestations.
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Zyhar, Andrii, Ihor Savchyn, Yuriy Yushchenko, and Mykola Pasichnyk. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.017.
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Purpose. The aim of the research is mathematical analysis and forecasting of dispersive soils behaviour based on the study of inclinometric observations data in the area of the natural-technical system of the Dnister PSPP. Methodology. The research methodology is based on mathematical analysis and modelling of processes occurring in the mountain massif on which the Dnister PSPP is located, using the finite element method. Results. The paper presents an analysis of the results of geotechnical monitoring of the behaviour of dispersive soils, implemented on the basis of inclinometric measurements on the territory of the Dnister PSPP. Quantitative parameters of horizontal displacement distribution in inclinometric wells are established. They made it possible to detect negative dynamics in the geological horizons N1-2ap and N1p+v, which is apparently caused by technogenic load caused by the Dnister upper reservoir. The behaviour of dispersive soils under the influence of natural and technogenic loads has been modelled. Based on the simulation results, the change of the sign of deformations under the influence of additional load, which can be the filling of the Dnister upper reservoir, is confirmed. Obviously, the use of this method alone does not allow full detecting and tracking modern geological, seismic and geodynamic processes. A combination and detailed analysis of different monitoring methods (geophysical, geodetic, parametric, vibrometric, hydrogeological, temperature, visual-instrumental and others), as well as modelling the behaviour of the object under the influence of natural and technogenic factors is optimal. Such simulations could be used in the design of other objects of this type, so this is a promising area for further research. Originality. For the first time, a mathematical analysis and forecasting of the behaviour of dispersed soils in the area of the natural and technical system of the Dnister PSPP was conducted on the basis of studying the data of inclinometric observations. Practical significance. The proposed technique can be used in the design of other objects of this type, as modelling the behaviour of the object under the influence of natural and technogenic factors makes it possible to assess possible risks and prevent them.
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Piriyev, Rahman. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(30)2021, no. 1(30) (June 29, 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.01.048.
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Interest in research on the detection of earthquake (EQ) precursors is growing year by year. In this direction, the paper analysed the results of earlier studies, as well as positive results of some studies conducted in the last 5 years. In particular, during the study of EQs, ultra-low frequency (ULF) precursors attract special attention. The study compared the results of electromagnetic (EM) monitoring studies conducted in the ULF range in earlier years and the results of EM monitoring studies conducted in the last 5 years have been compared. The positive results of the researchers investigating the changes in the EM field before the EQ in the ULF range were reviewed. Thus, ULF anomalies from relatively weak (with 4<Mw<5) and shallow (with a depth of less than 50 km) EQs were repeatedly observed in 2017 in Indonesia. Before strong EQs, ULF promising EQ precursors were revealed. High ULF amplitude anomalies were recorded before the 2011 Tohoku megaEQ. Anomalous changes of the Earth's induction vector were identified in 6 observatories in Japan. Similar anomalies were also recorded in the ULF range (0.001-0.083 Hz) by the Teoloyucan (Mexico) and Tucson (the United States) geomagnetic observatories from August 1 to September 16, 2017, before the Chiapas EQ in Mexico with a magnitude 8.1. On the whole, the research discovered several dozen EM precursors of EQs with different amplitude, spectral and time parameters. The study was based on the analysis of numerous data for the periods 1976-2010 and 2007-2016 conducted by various researchers. In addition, an original approach is proposed. It consists in the study of geoelectric field changes (ULF precursors of EQs) as they are more sensitive. Processing and interpreting these changes can lead to precise detection of EQ precursors. Thus, this makes it possible to identify geodynamic active zones in which an EQ may occur.
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Kuzmenko, Eduard, and Sergiy Bagriy. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.119.
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The aim of the research is to substantiate the scientific foundations of an integrated approach to solving environmental and geological problems related to groundwater salinization in the Kalush mining region; quantitative evaluation of the dynamics of such salinization and its relationship with the river system based on geochemical and geophysical observations. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to solve the following tasks: 1) identification of the sources of the groundwater contamination; 2) determination of saline areas, including settlements within which drinking water horizons become unsuitable for the direct use; 3) characteristics of the dynamics, that is, the degree of salinity and the rate of its changes in space and time; 4) determination of the danger to the operation of water intake facilities; 5) determination of the risk of contamination of the river basin. The methodology consists in establishing the correlation between hydrogeochemical and electrometric observations, as well as determining the transition patterns from measurements of electrical resistance to the groundwater salinity. It also includes creating spatio-temporal models of groundwater salinity dynamics and assessing the risks of surface watercourses contamination taking into account its main sources and providing initial data for making management decisions. With the help of the hydrogeochemical observations (the groundwater mineralization) and electrical exploration (measurement of electrical resistance), correlations were established between the geophysical characteristics inherent in the aquifer and the groundwater mineralization. As a result, this made it possible to concretize the sources and determine the area and degree of salinization according to the planar geophysical surveys. Regime observations allowed us to establish the movement direction and speed of the salinity front. The obtained quantitative characteristics of the salinization dynamics of the aquifer allowed calculating the contamination risks of the Limnytsia and Dnister Rivers. The scientific novelty consists in the further development of the methods for assessing underground mineralization based on the results of geophysical research, including the method of electrical exploration. For the first time, spatio-temporal models of the groundwater mineralization dynamics in the territory of the Kalush mining region (KMR) were created. In addition, the assessment of the risks of the surface watercourse contamination (the Limnytsia and Dnister Rivers) was given, taking into account the main sources of contamination within the KMR. The application of the obtained results makes it possible to quickly research the areas associated with probable contamination of the territory, to provide initial data for further planning and management actions. A reliable forecast allows envisaging the measures for reducing the environmental load on the aquifer, which is the only drinking horizon for the town of Kalush.
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Kováčiková, Svetlana, Igor Logvinov, and Viktor Tarasov. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.099.
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The purpose of the presented work was to model the electrical conductivity distribution in the northwestern part of the Ukrainian shield and to study the relationship of geoelectric anomalies with natural mineral deposits and with signs of possible tectonic activation of long-lived fault systems on the Shield. The methodology was based on long-period magnetotelluric and magnetovariational measurements in the period range of 3-16 to 2500-3600 s. The dense network of measurement sites made it possible to explore the geoelectric structure of the Ukrainian Shield segment limited by the coordinates 26°-30°E and 48°-51,7°N. 2D and quasi-3D inversion of the obtained magnetotelluric and geomagnetic responses resulted in the creation of overview models of electrical resistivity/conductivity for the territory of investigation. As a result, geoelectrically anomalous structures were identified at different depths. The local character of the conductors and their position indicate their connection with recently activated fault zones, their junctions and with metallogeny. The Precambrian age of crystalline rocks of the investigated area refers mainly to the electronic-type graphite-sulphite origin of increased conductivity, however the depth of conductive features, their vertical extent and their link to rejuvenated fault systems may indicate the genetic connection of various minerals and their subsequent precipitation with deep fluid migration. Originality. The obtained results aimed at clarifying the deep structure and correlating the geoelectric features of the earth’s crust and upper mantle with fault systems and deposits of various natural mineral sources. In addition, they alone can serve as further evidence of possible tectonic activation processes in the studied area. Practical significance. The presented results can bring social benefits by identifying areas of mineral endowment, and in the field of geodynamics they can contribute to the assessment of natural hazard in mapping the course of tectonically active fault systems.
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Hlotov, Volodymyr, and Myroslava Biala. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.005.
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The article presents the analysis and monitoring of land-use/land cover (LULC) changes considering the case study of Stebnyk, Lviv region, Ukraine, as an area of increased anthropogenic hazard impact (characterized by the karst sinkholes creation which is the result of extracting the potassium salt from underground mines and the violation of their conservation). The extraction was carried out without backfilling the underground excavations, resulting in the void formation of about 33 million m3 lying under the residential sector and road infrastructure, and could potentially be the site of future landslides/sinkholes that threaten the inhabitants and landscape ecosystem of the region as a whole. The research is based on Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images (made in February 2002 and December 2019, respectively), and ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper) data. Supervised classification conducted by maximum likelihood method was used to identify and analyze the spatial and temporal LULC changes on the territory divided into four classes. Vegetation indices NDVI have been calculated, analyzed and featured for further supervised classification. The accuracy of the obtained data had been improved by raster image filtering. A post-classification comparison approach was used to analyze LULC changes over the research period. It was established that for the period 2002-2019 the built-up area has increased by 5.61%, and the areas of forests and fields have decreased by 2.77% and 2.36%, respectively. The area of water bodies has undergone the least changes (+0.37%). The accuracy estimation of carried out classifications showed that the classification based on RGB images is more accurate than the classification based on the NDVI; the filtered classification showed more accurate results for most classes, than the unfiltered one. LULC monitoring for balanced regional, local and national development, as well as territorial planning, is a new area of the application of the Earth remote sensing (ERS) data in Ukraine. It allows assessing the state of the geocomponents system and predicting their further changes. The study of anthropogenic activity makes it possible to predict dangerous technogenic processes and thus avoid or reduce their consequences. The results of the research can be used as a basis for further monitoring of the Stebnyk region. They will also be useful to territorial communities for harmonious, sustainable development and land management of the studied area.
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Karabiniuk, Mykola. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.064.
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The aim of the research is to analyze the factors of development, distribution and landscape differentiation of geological and geomorphological processes in the subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora, as well as to determine the influence of geological structure and morphometric features on the intensity of their development. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of methods of field research and geoinformation analysis using GIS, which allowed to identify the main centers of the highlands of Chornohora of rockfalls, screes, landslides and linear erosion. On the basis of the landscape approach the spatial differentiation of geological and geomorphological processes in high altitude terrains and landscape structures is analyzed and their complex analysis is carried out, and with the help of geoinformation and statistical data processing on location and number of cells the intensity of negative processes is calculated. The main result of the study is a map of the distribution of negative geological and geomorphological processes (rockfalls, screes, landslides and linear erosion) in the landscape complexes of the subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora, as well as a map of a key area near Smotrych Mountain, which expresses landscape processes at the level of landscape striyas and tracts. As a result of the research the structure and specifics of development of geological-geomorphological processes in geocomplexes of different origin and with different morphological and morphometric parameters are analyzed. The influence of geological structure on the development of processes is manifested in the dominance of massive sandstones and sandstone flysch, which contributed to the development of large and steep landforms with inherent intense rockfalls, screes and linear erosion. The analysis of the intensity of the manifestation of these processes testifies to their greatest development in the geocomplexes of ancient-glacial-exarational genesis – corries, cirques, glacial troughs, nival niches, etc. The development, nature and intensity of the manifestation of negative geological and geomorphological processes in landscape complexes of nival erosion and denudation genesis differ significantly. The peculiarity of the differentiation of processes here is their clear dependence on the composition and peculiarities of the occurrence of bedrock stratum, relief morphometry and so on. An important result of the study is the above-mentioned map of the highlands in the vicinity of Smotrych Mountain, which expresses the previously little-studied landslides to the narrow bands of argillites and argillite flysch. Originality. The relationship between the diversity and distribution of negative geological and geomorphological processes with the genesis of landscape complexes of the Chornohora highlands, their structure, structural-lithological and morphometric features is determined. Landscape differentiation and intensity of rockfalls, screes, landslides and linear erosion in the highlands of the studied massif are analyzed and described. Practical significance. The results of the study contribute to the further study of the dynamics and properties of highlands landscape complexes of Chornohora, as well as provide an opportunity to predict the peculiarities of the geological situation and optimize the nature management system, in particular - organizational features of recreational and tourist activities.
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Safarov, Ibragim. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.092.
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Determining the physical parameters of geomaterials under high temperature and pressure conditions is necessary in connection with the fundamental issues of geology and geophysics. It is also aimed at solving applied problems, such as establishing relationships between physical parameters and chemical components of rocks under the earthly conditions of temperature and pressure. The purpose of the paper is to study the peculiarities of the influence of chemical components on the elastic and density properties of igneous and metamorphic rocks of the continental and oceanic lithosphere under high temperature and pressure conditions. The elastic and density characteristics of the rocks of the continental and oceanic lithosphere were determined by the ultrasonic pulse method. The experiments were carried out in a high-pressure solid-phase installation of a cylinder-piston type. The technique provides for the simultaneous determination of the longitudinal and transverse waves velocity and density in the course of one experiment on one rock sample at high temperature and pressure conditions up to 1.5-2.0 GPa. Based on an experimental study of the elastic and density properties of the rocks of the continental and oceanic lithosphere, the research revealed a qualitative connection between these parameters and chemical composition of the samples under high temperature and pressure conditions. It is first established that the studied rocks demonstrate regional dependence in the influence of oxides on the elastic wave velocity and density magnitude. Therefore they increase with the growing pressure in some areas, and decrease in others. This phenomenon is explained by the difference in the atomic structure of matter. It was revealed that in the section of the lithosphere, the speed and density of elastic waves increase with depth. Moreover, chemical composition of rocks changes from acid to medium, basic, and, finally, ultrabasic composition. The relationship of the chemical composition of rocks and minerals with elastic and density properties makes it possible to directly search for solid minerals.
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Gonchar, Victor. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.080.
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The article focuses on the formation mechanisms of fold’s diversity of sedimentary basin inversion. They are investigated on the example of structures of the Dnieper-Donets paleorift system. To achieve this aim we systematized structural and lithofacial data of the Dnieper-Donets basin and Donbas; used numerical modelling to establish the regularities of deformations within lithosphere and sedimentary cover in collisional compression setting. It is shown that the formation of main folding styles as discontinuous (intermittent), transitional and continuous (full) is accompanied by characteristic features of the cover. In this respect, we formulated the basic dependence principle of folding from lithofacial and lithogenic factors, which defined different mechanical properties of sedimentary cover complexes (the lithomechanics principle). Modelling results confirm prime significance of horizontal compressional conditions of basin’s folds development. Moreover, the sedimentary basin plays the role of independent deformation attractor in the lithosphere. The main conclusion is that the transitional fold paragenesis of Donbas with crest-like Main anticline may be the result of particular strength’s distribution, i.e. axial weak zone and competent layer of variable thickness with central minimum. Main anticline formation mechanism is complex. It includes vertical, axial-parallel viscous-plastical flow with distant bending. It is shown that intermittent folds (uplifts) of the Dnieper-Donets basin may be a result of sedimentary cover compression with a random combination of weakened and strengthened zones. On the contrary, full folding of East Donbas and the Karpinsky ridge corresponds to a bending mechanism of competent layer compression of constant thickness. For the first time we obtained the evidence for the folding inversion mechanisms within Dnieper-Donets aulagogen (including Main anticline), which was problematic for many years. Folding is directly related to peculiarities of sedimentary basin infilling within formulated principle of lithofacial mechanics. With necessary caution, the study offers the results of modelling and conclusions for explanations of fold development within intracontinental basins and marginal folded belts. Practical significance. Numerical modelling and elaborated principles of analysis may be used in reconstructions, numerical investigations of fold structures (uplift) within inverted basins, as well as in prognosis of ore, oil-and-gas deposits.
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Tretyak, Kornyliy, and Іvan Brusak. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.016.
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The work analyzes the current horizontal and vertical displacement territory of Western Ukraine according to GNSS data, including the creation of special maps of modern displacements and the allocation of deformation zones of the upper crust. The object of study is the horizontal and vertical deformations of the upper crust. The aim is to identify and analyze deformation zones in Western Ukraine. The initial data are horizontal and vertical velocities of 48 continuous GNSS stations from 2018 to 2021 of Geoterrace network, known tectonic maps of the territory and descriptive materials. The methods include comparison and analysis of modern Earth crust deformations of the region with its known tectonic structure. As a result, for the first time it was possible to create the maps of horizontal velocities of continuous GNSS stations and deformations as well as vertical velocities of GNSS stations of the upper crust of Western Ukraine as a whole region. It is established that the deformations of the territory of Western Ukraine are complex and only partially correlate with the known tectonic structure in the region. Most continuous GNSS stations subside in vertical components, possible due to denudation processes. The Galicia–Volyn depression, however, practically does not subside. On the slopes of the Ukrainian Shield there is a noticeable correlation of vertical displacements and the depth of the surface of crystalline rocks. Zones of compression are identified in Zakarpattia, which corresponds to the Zakarpathian (Transcarpathian) deep fault, and in the north-west of the region. It is necessary to mark the zone around the city of Khmelnytskyi, where abnormal vertical and horizontal displacements are observed. Geodynamic interpretation of anomalous deformation zones is given. Determined velocities of continuous GNSS stations with the increasing observation time interval will make it possible to establish the features of the spatial distribution of Western Ukraine crustal movement as well as create an appropriate regional geodynamic model in the future.
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Lazaruk, Yaroslav. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.049.
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The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of the region's geodynamics on the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the carbonate Lower Visean-Tournaisian stratum. The paper is focused on the substantiation of hydrocarbon traps within the Machukhy-Tyshchenky area of the southern zone of the Dnieper-Donets basin, as well as oil and gas exploratory drilling and new effective methods of stimulating gas inflows to boreholes. Methodology. The study applies the stratigraphic, lithological, tectonic, paleotectonic methods of studying geology and oil potential, as well as the method of geological analogies. Results. Gas-bearing carbonate rocks of the Early Visean-Tournaisian age in the Machuhy-Tyshchenky area have been studied. A comparison with other oil and gas regions has shown that they are the domes of carbonate platforms (Wаulsoгtiаn facies). Three echelons of bioherm limestones have been identified within the the area. The research helped to describe the stages of their formation and determine the dependence of reservoir properties of limestones on their biofacial types. The role of tectonic fracture in the formation of reservoir rocks is shown. As a rule, tectonic fractures are cemented by calcite under the action of formation waters. An assumption is made about the formation of microfractures in dense limestones due to the action of plumectonic. It consists in the intrusion of high-energy fluids from the depths of the earth, the natural fluid fracturing of rocks and the formation of non-anticlinal hydrocarbon accumulations in them. Probable places of fluid breakthrough may be zones of deep faults: the Ingulets-Kryvorizhzhya-Krupetsk fault zone crosses Machuhy-Tyshchenky area. Filling microfractures with hydrocarbons prevents their cementation. The paper gives examples of microfracturing in the cores of boreholes and establishes reduced core from microfracture intervals. To identify microfracturing intervals in carbonate rocks, it is proposed to use information on the reduction of core, as well as the speed drilling of rocks. The study suggests using multistage hydrofracturing and acid hydrofracturing in order to stabilize and increase gas influxes from carbonate reservoirs to the boreholes. Such technology should provide the connection between the borehole and oil-saturated reservoirs. Probable factors of negative impact on the environment during hydrofracturing have been identified. Originality. Adiabatic microfracturing of dense lithotypes of rocks is possible at considerable depths, in addition to tectonic fracturing. It is due to natural fluid fracturing of sedimentary strata by hydrocarbon gases. This gives hope for the discovery of new types of hydrocarbon deposits that are not associated with anticline traps. Practical significance. Geophysical surveys and the location of six boreholes are recommended in order to search for hydrocarbon deposits in the Machuhy-Tyshchenky area. The study suggests effective methods for increasing gas influxes to boreholes from low-permeability carbonate rocks.
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Radkovets, Natalia, and Yuriy Koltun. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.036.
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Purpose. The objective of this study is the investigation of the Silurian-Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) carbonate-clay sedimentary complex of the southwestern slope of the East-European platform. Its formation was the result of a single cycle of geodynamic and sedimentary events in the lithological record of the southern continental margin of Baltica. Methodology. The study is based on well-logs correlation, lithological and geochemical investigations of core samples, and petrographic thin sections analysis. The obtained results were used to establish patterns of changes in the material composition of the studied strata in time and space in order to determine the basin development dynamics of the continental margin of the Eastern European platform southwestern slope in the Silurian-Early Devonian. Results. It is established that the formation of the carbonate-clay sequence represents a single sedimentary cycle and was the result of a complex of geodynamic, depositional and paleoclimatic events that took place on the Baltica southern continental margin. The Silurian period was characterized by intensive development of benthic organisms and reef structure formation in the proximal part of the basin and clay-carbonate muds enriched with dispersed organic matter in its distal part. In the Early Devonian, carbonate biogenic sedimentation continued throughout the basin. The carbonate maximum content (80–98%) proves the existence of the reef constructions in the basin sedimentary record. Lower values of carbonate content are characteristic of marls (40–55%) and biodetritic limestones (56–75%), which make up the main part of the Silurian sequence. There are no reef constructions in the section of the Lochkovian stage of Devonian, and the calcium carbonate content in the rocks varies from 45 to 83%. The content of CaCO3 in mudstones and calcareous mudstones of the Silurian varies from 5 to 15%. Originality. The applied complex of lithological, geochemical, geological-geophysical and paleogeographic investigations allowed studying the sedimentary basin dynamics in the Silurian-Early Devonian with the assessment of the possibility of participation of these strata in oil and gas hydrocarbons generation. Practical significance. The obtained results show that the carbonate-clay complex of sedimentary rocks of the Silurian and Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) of the studied region can be considered as a separate petroleum system, including source rocks, reservoir rocks and possible conventional and unconventional oil and gas accumulations.
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Fys, Mykhailo, Andrii Brydun, Mariana Yurkiv, Andrii Sohor, and Yurii Hubar. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 1(32)2022, no. 1(32) (June 28, 2022): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2022.02.026.
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The paper considers representations of the Earth external gravitational field, supplementing its traditional approximation by series in spherical functions. The necessity for additional means of describing the external potential is dictated by the need to study and use it at points in space close to the Earth's surface. It is in such areas that the need arises to investigate the convergence of series with respect to spherical functions and to adequately determine the value of the potential. The apparatus for approximating a piecewise continuous function in the middle of the ellipse is used for the representation of the Earth external gravitational field by the simple and double layer integrals. This makes it possible to expand the convergence region for the series supplying the potential to the entire space outside the integration ellipse. Therefore, as a result, the value of the gravitational potential coincides with the values of these series outside the body containing the interior masses (except for the integration ellipse). It becomes possible to evaluate the gravitational field behavior in surface areas and to carry out studies of geodynamic processes with greater reliability. Approximation of the gravitational field with the help of surface integrals also determines the geophysical aspect of the problem. Indeed, in the process of solving the problem we constructed two-dimensional integrands, which are uniquely determined by a set of Stokes constants. In this case, their expansion coefficients into series are defined by linear combinations of their function power moments. The resulting function schedules can be used to study the external gravitational field features, e.g., to study its asymmetry with respect to the equatorial plane.
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Bartaschuk, Оleksii, and Vasyl Suyarko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.053.
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The article studies the system organization of inversion tectonic deformations of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin which covered the territory of the Western Donetsk Graben. The research uses the kinematic and structural-paragenetic analysis of inversion structural transformation of the folded floors of the sedimentary cover of the Graben. The original model of tectonic inversion of the Dnieper-Donets Basin was completed from the previous models. The tectonic inversion of the Dnieper-Donets Paleorift rift-like structures began at the late Hercynian stage in the geodynamic environment of the territory of the Eastern European Platform general collision. Tectonophysical analysis shows that the inversion folding was formed by the mechanism of sedimentary horizons longitudinal bending in the environment of the interference of the intraplate submeridional collision compression and the regional strike-slip stress field. At the Mesozoic-Cenozoic stage, tectonic inversion continued in the field of right-hand strike-slip deformations with a variable compressive component. This caused the formation of folded covers of tectonic plates and scales in the uplift-thrust mode. They, Hercynian neo-autochthonous formations and further the weakly located syneclise autochthon of the South-east of the Basin. The pressure of the "tectonic stamp" geoblock of the Donetsk Foldbelt contributed to the formationof the Segment body of geomass Tectonic Wedging. It was diagnosed with a structural orocline of transverse extension of the sliding type. Large linear throw-folded zones were formed within geodynamic bands of injection and displacement of geomass along the front of the orocline. The tectonic compression fan, characteristic of geodynamic compression zones, was formed in the foreland of the orocline, on the ends of the main thrusts. They served as “tectonic rails”of the allochthon invasion within the rift-like structure. There are the transverse zones of tectonic sutures formed on the roots of the folding covers of the Hercynian neo-autochthon thrusting, which are located in the hinterland of the orocline in the Foldbelt Western slope. The study completed an original kinematic model of tectonic inversion of the transition zone between the Dnieper-Donets Basin and Donets Foldbelt. According to the model, the pressure of the “tectonic stamp” geoblock initiated the invasion of the Segment of Tectonic Wedging which consists of the intensively dislocated allochthonous geomass. The Segment destroyed the rift-like structure and formed the Western Donetsk Cover-Folded Region in the South-eastern part of the Basin. The system organization model of inversion complications of the rift-like structure in the territory of the Western Donetsk Graben will allow to improve the regional geological schemes of tectonic oil and gas zoning.
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Tretyak, Kornyliy, Іvan Brusak, Іhor Bubniak, and Fedir Zablotskyi. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.016.
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The paper analyzes the vertical displacements of the GNSS sites of civil engineering structures caused by non-tidal atmospheric loading (NTAL). The object of the study is the Dnister Hydroelectric Power Plant №1 (HPP-1) and its GNSS monitoring network. The initial data are the RINEX-files of 14 GNSS stations of the Dnister HPP-1 and 8 permanent GNSS stations within a radius of 100 km, the NTAL model downloaded from the repository of German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ for 2019-2021, and materials on the geological structure of the object. Methods include comparison and analysis of the altitude component of GNSS time series with model values of NTAL as well as interpretation of the geodynamic vertical displacements, taking into account the analysis of the geological structure. As a result, it was found that the sites of the GNSS network of the Dnister HPP-1 undergo less vertical displacements than the permanent GNSS stations within a radius of 100 km. This corresponds to the difference in thickness and density of the rocks under the GNSS sites and stations, so they undergo different elastic deformations by the same NTAL. In addition, the research detected different dynamics of vertical displacements of GNSS sites on the dam and on the river banks. It leads to cracks and deformations of concrete structures in the dam-bank contact zones. During the anomalous impact of NTAL, the altitude of even nearby sites can change if the geological structure beneath them is different. The work shows that for civil engineering structures it is necessary to apply special models to take into account NTAL deformations for high-precision engineering and geodetic measurements.
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Andrushchenko, Yuriy, and Oleksandr Liashchuk. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.084.
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The aim of the work is to determine the possibility of using local seismological networks of nuclear power plants as elements of the seismological monitoring system of the territory of Ukraine. Estimation of local seismicity and specification of quantitative parameters of seismological influences is carried out on the basis of materials of seismological observations. Operational processing and analysis of seismic signals registered on the elements of local seismological networks of NPPs is carried out by the Main Center for Special Control of the State Space Agency of Ukraine (MCSC SSA of Ukraine). In the process of implementation of the “Seismic Hazard Assessment and Seismic Resistance Action Plan” of existing NPPs, seismic monitoring networks were deployed at Ukrainian NPPs. To date, the MCSC receives data from the local seismological networks of Rivne, Khmelnytsky and Zaporizhzhya NPPs in a continuous mode. The processing of geophysical information coming from the NPP to the FSC is carried out by the operational next shift of the center with the help of FSC hardware and software and provides reliable data on the parameters of seismic sources registered by stations, their location and energy characteristics. In total, in the period from 2017 to 2021, 36 local earthquakes were registered by NPP seismic networks in Ukraine. The epicenters of the vast majority of them are located within the Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil and Lviv regions. The experience of conducting instrumental observations at NPP seismic stations testifies to their high efficiency and possibility of use as full-fledged elements of the seismological monitoring system of the territory of Ukraine. According to the results of primary processing of seismic data of 2017-2021, a catalog of seismic events registered by NPP seismic stations was created. The system of interpretation of the obtained results was improved, which allowed to determine equally well local, regional and teleseismic events of different nature and energy level. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in their direct focus on solving a number of practical problems of processing and interpretation of seismological data. The use of NPP seismic stations as elements of the general system of seismological monitoring of Ukraine will increase the reliability of detection and localization of sources and the probability of correct identification of the nature of seismic phenomena, which in turn will improve the assessment of tectonic structures in Ukraine.
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Marchenko, Alexander N., Serhii Perii, Ivan Pokotylo, and Zoryana Tartachynska. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.005.
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The basic goal of this study (as the first step) is to collect the appropriate set of the fundamental astronomic-geodetics parameters for their further use to obtain the components of the density distributions for the terrestrial and outer planets of the Solar system (in the time interval of more than 10 years). The initial data were adopted from several steps of the general way of the exploration of the Solar system by iterations through different spacecraft. The mechanical and geometrical parameters of the planets allow finding the solution of the inverse gravitational problem (as the second stage) in the case of the continued Gaussian density distribution for the Moon, terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) and outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune). This law of Gaussian density distribution or normal density was chosen as a partial solution of the Adams-Williamson equation and the best approximation of the piecewise radial profile of the Earth, including the PREM model based on independent seismic velocities. Such conclusion already obtained for the Earth’s was used as hypothetic in view of the approximation problem for other planets of the Solar system where we believing to get the density from the inverse gravitational problem in the case of the Gaussian density distribution for other planets because seismic information, in that case, is almost absent. Therefore, if we can find a stable solution for the inverse gravitational problem and corresponding continue Gaussian density distribution approximated with good quality of planet’s density distribution we come in this way to a stable determination of the gravitational potential energy of the terrestrial and giant planets. Moreover to the planet’s normal low, the gravitational potential energy, Dirichlet’s integral, and other planets’ parameters were derived. It should be noted that this study is considered time-independent to avoid possible time changes in the gravitational fields of the planets.
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Fys, Mykhailo, Andrii Brydun, Mariana Yurkiv, Andrii Sohor, and Yurii Hubar. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.029.
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Purpose. To investigate the features of the algorithm implementation for finding the derivatives of the spatial distribution function of the planet's masses with the use of high-order Stokes constants and, on the basis of this, to find its analytical expression. According to the given methodology, to carry out calculations with the help of which to carry on the study of dynamic phenomena occurring inside an ellipsoidal planet. The proposed method involves the determination of the derivatives of the mass distribution function by the sum, the coefficients of which are obtained from the system of equations, which is incorrect. In order to solve it, an error-resistant method for calculating unknowns was used. The implementation of the construction is carried out in an iterative way, while for the initial approximation we take the three-dimensional function of the density of the Earth's masses, built according to Stokes constants up to the second order inclusive, by dynamic compression by the one-dimensional density distribution, and we determine the expansion coefficients of the derivatives of the function in the variables to the third order inclusive. They are followed by the corresponding density function, which is then taken as the initial one. The process is repeated until the specified order of approximation is reached. To obtain a stable result, we use the Cesaro summation method (method of means).. The calculations performed with the help of programs that implement the given algorithm, while the achieved high (ninth) order of obtaining the terms of the sum of calculations. The studies of the convergence of the sum of the series have been carried out, and on this basis, a conclusion has been made about the advisability of using the generalized finding of the sums based on the Cesaro method. The optimal number of contents of the sum terms has been chosen, provides convergence both for the mass distribution function and for its derivatives. Calculations of the deviations of mass distribution from the mean value ("inhomogeneities") for extreme points of the earth's geoid, which basically show the total compensation along the radius of the Earth, have been performed. For such three-dimensional distributions, calculations were performed and schematic maps were constructed according to the taken into account values of deviations of three-dimensional distributions of the mean ("inhomogeneities") at different depths reflecting the general structure of the Earth's internal structure. The presented vector diagrams of the horizontal components of the density gradient at characteristic depths (2891 km - core-mantle, 700 km - middle of the mantle, also the upper mantle - 200, 100 km) allow us to draw preliminary conclusions about the global movement of masses. At the same time, a closed loop is observed on the “core-mantle” edge, which is an analogy of a closed electric circuit. For shallower depths, differentiation of vector motions is already taking place, which gives hope for attracting these vector-grams to the study of dynamic motions inside the Earth. In fact, the vertical component (derivative with respect to the z variable) is directed towards the center of mass and confirms the main property of mass distributions - growth when approaching the center of mass. The method of stable solution of incorrect linear systems is applied, by means of which the vector-gram of the gradient of the mass distribution function is constructed. The nature of such schemes provides a tool for possible causes of mass redistribution in the middle of the planet and to identify possible factors of tectonic processes in the middle of the Earth, i.e indirectly confirms the gravitational convection of masses. The proposed technique can be used to create detailed models of density functions and its characteristics (derivatives) of the planet's interior, and the results of numerical experiments - to solve tectonics problems.
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Anikeyev, Sergiy, and Svitlana Rozlovska. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.066.
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The aim of the research presented in this article is to analyze the properties and geological informative value of the anisotropic transformations of gravitational and magnetic fields, which use averaging procedures, including analysis of Andreev-Klushin's method. Anisotropic transformations of potential fields are designed to detect and track elongated anomalies or their chains, caused by deep linear dislocations in the geological section. The study of the anisotropic transformations properties is based on the analysis of their depth characteristics, as well as theoretical and practical experiments. The study applies the analysis method of fault tectonics reflection features in anisotropic anomalies of gravimagnetic fields, in particular, on the example of the South-East of the Ukrainian Carpathians. It is based on the search of morphological signs of manifestation of deep faults and other long structural-tectonic dislocations in gravitational and magnetic anisotropic anomalies. The method also suggests tracing these elements, relying on the comparison of morphology, intensity, size and direction of anisotropic anomalies with published regional tectonic and geological maps. Results. The paper presents definitions and algorithms of such anisotropic transformations as Andreev-Klushin's methods of anticlinal and terrace types, anisotropic averaging and anisotropic difference averaging. The research allowed us to perform study of the geological informative value of anisotropic transformations of potential fields on theoretical and practical examples. It is shown that in the morphology of anisotropic gravitational and magnetic anomalous fields in the south-east of the Ukrainian Carpathians long local anomalies are traced. They are caused by fault tectonics, in particular deep longitudinal and transverse faults, as well as linear complications into sedimentary cover. The analysis of anisotropic anomalous fields reveals a number of characteristic features of large tectonic zones reflecting regional behavior of the foundation surface and deep faults; on its basis fault tectonics schemes of the South-Eastern region of the Ukrainian Carpathians can be constructed. The study traced a significant extension of the foundation of the Eastern European platform from the Maidan's ledge and the Pokutsko-Bukovynian Carpathians under the Folded Carpathians. The definition of a number of anisotropic transformations is given and their properties are considered. The work substantiated geological informative value of the anisotropic transformations morphology of potential fields in the study of the Ukrainian Carpathians and adjacent depressions fault tectonics. The use of anisotropic transformations of potential fields will increase the reliability and detail of tracing deep faults, as well as other linear dislocations both in the foundation and in the sedimentary cover. The study of fault tectonics is an important factor in the successful solution of problems in the search and exploration of areas which are promising for oil and gas deposits.
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Kushnir, Anton, Tatiana Burakhovych, Volodymyr Ilyenko, and Bogdan Shyrkov. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.092.
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In order to study the deep structure of the southwestern Ukrainian Carpathians, where the Carpathian conductivity anomaly is located, in 2015 and 2020, modern synchronous magnetotelluric studies were carried out on the profiles of Mukachevo-Skole, Seredne-Borynya and Karpatsky at twenty-three points and the spatiotemporal distribution and the electric field on the Earth's surface, which can be used to assess the conductivity and geoelectrical structure of the region, was obtained. Processing of experimental data was performed using the software PRC_MTMV, which provides a common noise-canceling impedance estimation for synchronous magnetotellurical recordings. Curves of apparent electrical resistivity (amplitude values and phases of impedance) from 10 to 10000 s were obtained reliably. A joint analysis of the apparent resistivity and impedance phases and the formal interpretation of the deep magnetotellurical sounding curves using the Niblett transformation indicate the presence of the spatially inhomogeneous conductor both in the earth's crust and in the upper part of the upper mantle. The chain of local conductive sections in the earth's crust coincides with the axial part of the Carpathian conductivity anomaly. High conductivity of the upper mantle was recorded in the Ukrainian Carpathians from the Transcarpathian Depression to the Skiba cover. It is shown that it is not a homogeneous layer, there is a general deepening of the upper edge to the northeast from 40-60 km (Transcarpathian depression) to 90-100 km (Krosno cover). Sharp deepening along the Porkulets and Dukla covers is revealed. Information about the existence of a deep conductor and its parameters should be the basis for quantitative interpretation and construction of the 3D deep geoelectrical model.
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Pakshyn, Maksym, Ivan Liaska, Natalia Kablak, and Halyna Yaremko. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.041.
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The most dangerous exogenous geological processes (EGP) in terms of the amount of damage caused to economic objects include: landslides, karst, flooding, abrasion, mudslides, etc. The distribution and intensity of EGP are determined by the peculiarities of geological and geomorphological structure of the territory, its tectonic, neotectonic and seismic regime, as well as hydrological, climatic, hydrogeological paleo- and modern conditions. Solotvynsky salt mine is one of the oldest enterprises in Transcarpathia. The field has been exploited since the Roman Empire. In 1360, a settlement of salt miners, Solotvyno, was founded on the site of the mine, which later became a center of salt production and a royal monopoly. There are a total of nine mines in the field. In 1995-1996 and 2001, floods began flooding mines. In 2005, landslides and karst abysses intensified in Solotvyno, leading to damage to residential buildings, roads and infrastructure. There was a complete flooding of the mines of two mines. Currently, dangerous natural and man-made processes are observed on the territory of the salt mine and adjacent territories. This is mainly salt karst, both underground and surface, the collapse of areas in the location of mines, as well as landslides. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to conduct a geodynamic audit of SOLOTVYNSKY SALT MINE SE and the surrounding area with the possibility of identifying areas with subsidence or rise of the earth's surface, which are gradually slowing down, accelerating or developing at a constant rate. Output data. Radar interferometry data in the period from April 30, 2016 to June 25, 2018 were used for research and performance of geodynamic audit of SOLOTVYNSKY SALT MINE SE and the adjacent territory. Modern methods of interferometric processing of satellite radar data are used in the work: the method of "PS" – the method of constant scatterers, and the method SBAS – the method of small baselines. The method of geometric leveling was used to measure vertical displacements in some places on the earth's surface in order to verify interferometric data. Monitoring of the area of interest was carried out using modern technologies of satellite radar interferometry. According to the results of observations of landslides and individual objects by space (radar interferometry) and ground (geometric leveling) methods, a high correlation of data was recorded and the presence of zones of active subsidence in the mining area was confirmed.
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Marchenko, A. N., and O. S. Zaiats. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2008, no. 1(7) (2008): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2008.01.005.
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