Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géodynamique – Hoggar (Algérie ; massif)'
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Briedj, Moussa. "Etude géologique de la région de Tahifet (Hoggar central, Algérie) : implications géodynamiques." Nancy 1, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1993_0102_BRIEDJ.pdf.
Full textMeriem, Djamel E. "Données nouvelles sur les granitoïdes du pharusien de la région de Timgaouine (Hoggar, Algérie) : Pétrogénèse et évolution géodynamique." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10490.
Full textLapique, Frédéric. "Traitement informatique de la déformation finie et interprétation de l'évolution tectonique Pan-Africaine de la région Timgaouine (Hoggar, Algérie)." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10471.
Full textBoukhalfa, Lakhdar. "Diversité et signification géodynamique des complexes ultrabasiques/basiques d'âge proterozoïque supérieur du rameau oriental pharusien de la chaîne panafricaine (Hoggar, Algérie)." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10040.
Full textBerger, Julien. "Les associations de roches basiques-ultrabasiques néoprotérozoïques d'Amalaoulaou (Gourma, Mali), du Tassendjanet (Hoggar occidental, Algérie) et cénozoïques du Saghro (Anti-Atlas, Maroc) : témoins de l'évolution géodynamique de la ceinture péri-cratonique ouest-africaine." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS236.
Full textThis study focuses on the Neoproterozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the eastern and northern border of the West African Craton. Four massifs, characterised by a basic-ultrabasic association located in Gourma (Mali), Western Hoggar (Algeria) and Anti-Atlas (Morocco) are investigated in order to constrain the evolution of the peri-cratonic suture from the Neoproterozoic to the Cenozoic. The Amalaoulaou massif (Gourma, Mali) represents the root of a Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic island arc. Its evolution begun with the emplacement (800-790 Ma) of tholeiitic basic magmas (now recrystallised in metagabbros) that have a source only slightly enriched by slab-derived components. This event corresponds to the beginning of the subduction, when the arc is still immature. Quartz and hornblende gabbros from the upper unit (~720 Ma) represent chilled melts that have a more pronounced arc signature, thus reflecting a higher degree of enrichment by slab-derived components in the mantle source. The syn- to late-magmatic evolution is marked by recrystallisation and localised melting in the deep arc crust, forming anorthositic to tonalitic melts (660 Ma) and garnet-clinopyroxene-rutile residues. The arc root is exhumed at low T conditions (550°C, 6-9 kbar), probably at the same time as the UHP eclogite exhumation. Oceanic slab subduction is rapidly followed by continental subduction. The Tiléouine/Tin Zebbane eclogites/amphibolites are intracontinetal tholeiitic metabasalts recrystallised under HP conditions (600°C, 17 kbar) during subduction of the Tassendjanet terrane. The eclogites were subject to chemical differentiation during HP recrystallisation due to interaction with fluids derived from the dehydration of continental sediments. Eclogites were subject to thermal reequilibration during the first steps of exhumation (750°C, ~10 kbar) and these conditions were progressively overprinted by low-T conditions (660°C, 7-8 kbar) just before the collision stage. The basic-ultrabasic intrusion of Tiléouine (Western Hoggar) is emplaced just after the collision stage (600-590 Ma). The parental magma of the series is most probably a continental tholeiitic basalt having a lithospheric mantle source. It has crystallised ultramafic cumulates dominated by olivine, spinel and pyroxenes and progressively followed by plagioclase-rich gabbros. Magma emplacement at 10-20 km depth is coeval with transtensional tectonics that probably induced lithospheric thinning. Reactivation of the peri-cratonic suture in intraplate anorogenic setting is marked by the emplacement of Cenozoic alkaline lavas in the Anti-Atlas (Saghro volcanic field, Morocco). The mantle-derived nephelinites are low degree partial melts products of a HIMU-bearing mantle source that was probably located close the asthenosphere/lithosphere boundary. Fractional crystallisation of K-feldspar, nepheline, apatite and titanite lead the parental magma towards phonolitic composition. Late-stage magmatic evolution of the phonolites is responsible for the development of accessory minerals that are usually found in agpaitic systems (hainite and lorenzenite). The magmas were emplaced along tension gashes or open fractures that have the same orientation as the principal stress in the southern Atlas system during Mio-Pliocene times
Dupont, Pierre-Luc. "Pétrologie et géochimie des ensembles magmatiques pharusien I et II, dans le rameau oriental de la chaîne pharusienne (Hoggar, Algérie) : Implications géodynamiques pour l'évolution d'une chaîne mobile au protérozoïque supérieur." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10332.
Full textAït-Hamou, Farida. "Un exemple de "point chaud" intra-continental en contexte de plaque quasi-stationnaire : étude pétrologique et géochimique du djebel Taharaq et évolution du volcanisme cénozoi͏̈que de l'Ahaggar (Sahara algérien)." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20074.
Full textBelhachemi, Faouzia. "Anthropologie économique et historique des touareg du Hoggar." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA08A721.
Full textThe aim of this study is to show the importance for the composition of the hoggar people, meeting between great camel driver nomads and hunters-goat breeders ali berber, of the great transsaharian trade between the moghrib and west africa. The study pays special attention to the part of the hawwara, founders of the transsaharian trade network dependent on the lbadi sect, of whom the migration starting in the 8th century from cyrenaica and tripolitain leads at the begining of the 14th century to the foundation of haggar in the present meaning. But it shows also the dynamism, till today, of the goat breeders kel ulli and, in the last period, of the groups of sudanese origin inside the hoggar
Djouadi, Mohamed-Toufik. "Granites fini-panafricains de type Taourirt (Hoggar, Algérie) : une étude structurale par l'anisotropie de la susceptibilité magnétique et modèles de mise en place." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30170.
Full textBoughrara, Mustapha. "Analyse pétrologique et géochronologique de la région de Tin Begane (Hoggar, Algérie) : un exemple de la datation d'une série métamorphique en contexte polycyclique." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MNHN0007.
Full textAin-Seba-Bouchekal, Nagette. "Les gravures du djebel serkout : contribution a la prehistoire de l'ahaggar." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010523.
Full textDjeddi, Asma. "Pétrogenèse des carbonatites et magmas alcalins protérozoïques d’Ihouhaouene : terrane de l’In Ouzzal, Hoggar occidental, Algérie." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG022/document.
Full textThe In Ouzzal Archaean craton represents a succession of intrusive and metamorphic events since Eburnean, and an important marker of geodynamic processes through geological time. The Ihouhaouene area located in the N-W of In Ouzzal terrane in Algeria is unique by the presence of Proterozoic carbonatite intrusions associated with silica-saturated alkaline rocks. These intracontinental carbonatites are among the oldest and exceptional because of their diversity and the presence of unusual rare earth minerals. Carbonatites are pegmatitic or brecciated with fragments of syenite. They are calciocarbonatites with calcite (> 50 vol.%), apatite, clinopyroxene and wollastonite and are associated with red or white syenites in massive outcrops. Syenites are composed of alternating light levels of red alkaline feldspar or wollastonite associated with white feldspar and dark levels of apatite and clinopyroxene. Carbonatites and syenites form a cogenetic suite characterized by an increase in silica and decrease in calcium and CO2 content. The carbonatites have silica content ranging from 5 to 35 wt.%, 28 to 53 wt.% CaO, and 11 to 36 wt.% CO2. Syenites have high K2O (12 wt.%) and low Na2O content (1 wt.%). Carbonatites and syenites have high incompatible element concentrations with high REE content (7000*chondrites and 1000*chondrites, respectively) and high U, Pb, Sr and Th content. Trace elements (eg. Rare Earths, Nb-Ta, Zr-Hf) in magmatic minerals (apatite-pyroxene) of carbonatites and syenites reveal complex magmatic processes at the origin of these rocks involving several stages of fractional crystallization and immiscibility from a CO2-rich melilititic magma. Silica-rich carbonatites and white syenites are characterized by high Nb/Ta, Y/Zr and Rb/Sr ratios, typical of carbonate-rich magmas by immiscibility. The red syenites have characteristics of immiscible differentiated silicate melt. Silica-poor carbonatite minerals have variable subchondritic Nb/Ta (<10) indicating crystallization from highly evolved liquids and the presence of late carbonatitic magmas. Apatites, in particular, record various magmatic and supergene processes. They present, in some rocks, redistribution and enrichment in rare earth elements, which are characterized by exsolutions of britholite in silica-rich carbonatites and monazite-quartz-calcite inclusions in silica-poor carbonatites. These minerals reflect local sub-solidus re-equilibration with late-magmatic fluids rich in Cl-Th-REE for the exsolution of britholite and S-Ca-P-CO2 for monazite inclusions. The apatite and zircon present in these alkaline and carbonatite rocks, allow determination of the syn-metamorphic crystallization age of the Ihouahouene magmatic complex at 2100 Ma and confirm the pan-African age of its exhumation. The petrological, geochemical and geochronological study of Ihouhaouene carbonatites and syenites highlights the magmatic origin of these rocks and constrains the fluid-rock interactions at sub-solidus conditions leading to REE-enrichment. The carbonatites and syenites result from a low partial melting rate of a CO2-rich Precambrian mantle. Several fractional crystallization and immiscibility stages allowed the genesis of these hybrid magmas, trapped along large shear-zones during the Archean/Eburnean transition period in the In Ouzzal terrane, characterized by extensive deformation in ultra-high-temperature granulitic environment
Seddik-Arkam, Faiza. "La baraka et l'essuf : paroles et pratiques magico religieuses et thérapeutiques chez les populations touarègues et sahariennes du Hoggar (Sahara algérien)." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA1019.
Full textThe research addresses the relationship between the Tuareg man and the invisible space called “essuf”. The study area is the Saharan city of Tamanrasset (located in the Hoggar) and its periphery. The city of Tamanrasset, which mixes urban and rural characteristics, is in keeping with the context of modernity. The Tuareg's from Ahaggar are not isolated; they have adopted and integrated ancient beliefs some of them coming from Neolithic Age (as shown by cave paintings). Tuareg's have been under several influences of cultures coming from Sub-Saharan Africa, Mediterranean and the Muslim part of Berber and Arabic area. Mystic Islam has profoundly assimilated the local Tuareg culture. It did not know or want to totally arrest centennial usages. It tried to level them, and sometimes to assimilate and integrate them. The nomad Tuareg society is undergoing profound change. It has lose its spatio-temporal references; its relationship with space and the whole universe is dramatically changing. Upheavals experienced by the Tuareg's have affected their physical and psychological equilibrium. When several ethnic or cultural groups share a common territory, or when they are located in a close neighborhood, each own therapeutic resort becomes step-by-step a common resource. Such a common resource is re-used via new individual usages. This doctoral research is the fruit of relations of the life of some charismatic individuals who act as mediator for local population. These actors of invisible are essential intermediaries in the more difficult situations such as diseases and every type of sorrows
Iddir, Smaïl. "Peuplement holocène du bas Mertoutek, zone centrale de la chaîneTéfedest, Massif de l'Ahaggar (Algérie)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20037/document.
Full textThe present work focuses on several themes. It is the archaeological study of the Lower Mertoutek in Tefedest. This research deals with all archaeological materials present on the ground. The analysis of Neolithic settlement sites and the study of the remains collected during the excavations allowed to situate them among the Neolithic cultures of the Ahaggar and central Sahara. Similarly, studies of monuments, the analysis of their geographical distribution and the excavation of certain architectural forms, led to refine our knowledge of these monuments and understand the various funeral rites and different burial positions. The study of rock art, painted and engraved, located in the funerary context and prehistoric settlement, has contributed greatly to the understanding of the modalities of the establishment of these cultural groups, producers of these lithic industries and pottery, funerary monuments and cave paintings abounding in the region. This research has also contributed to better understanding of the Holocene settlement of the desert regions, its lifestyle, its evolution and possible relationships between all the remains that have been taken over in this work
Bouabsa, Lakhdar. "Intrusions granitiques à albite et topaze : Minéralisations stanno-wolframifères et altérations hydrothermales associées, l'exemple du hoggar central, Algérie." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10329.
Full textRougier, Sylvain. "Interactions lithosphère - asthénosphère et mouvements verticaux : le cas du massif du Hoggar." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788392.
Full textSaada-Mécheri, Nadia. "La musique de l'Ahaggar." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100055.
Full textThis study of music of Ahaggar proceeds from a general and historical viewpoint towards the analysis of two genres: âléwen wedding songs and tindé songs. This study includes an ethno-historical and sociological part defining more precisely the musical practice in the context of village celebration and presents the existing genres and musical instruments. A second part treats the study of âléwen and tindé texts (wich are transcribed and translated in french in appendices I and II) in their semantical and formal dimensions (specially metric). The musical analysis of these two genres constitutes the third part of the study. It is supported by a collection of about twenty musical pieces (transcribed in appendices III and IV) taken from a wider one of about five hundred taped pieces. In particular, scales of these songs, their melodic structure, the drum rythms and their relations with the melodic rythm are described
Benmessaoud, Messaouda. "Recherches sur l'Acheuléen et l'Ahaggar : les matières premières lithiques ; L'outillage lithique, rapport éclats/outils ; Le cadre statigraphique et chronologique : (Exemple du site Téhéntawek-Idelès)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010575/document.
Full textThe thesis presented here updates the old data on the Acheulian of the Ahaggar, although these date are few in number and all dated 20th century. But it is obvious to mention them to borrow a new er of research on the subject. Despite the fruitful discoveries in many lower Palaeolithic sites in the Ahaggar, no scientific interest have been provided to many lithic collections interposed in several laboratories for scientific research. The new site “Téhéntawek” Acheulean discovered in the region of Idelès in the central Sahara of the Ahaggar and excavated with new pedagogical methods introduced in the present prehistory, has delivered in 2008 and 2010 an interesting lithic materials representative of the Acheulian industry. These approaches are considered renovative of the Saharan prehistory. The appropriate and adequate environmental of exploration, the adaptation of work to the rocky terrain of the Ahaggar region, have allowed us to reconsider the Saharan terrain. The study of lithic technology has provided a variety of tools and coexisted chopper, biface and cleaver, many raw chips, very consistent with the nucleus. Lithic raw materials used for shaping are local. The results of analyses on the sediments provided new data, including an opening on the paleoenvironment of the Ahaggar. Thus Téhéntawek site offered us with relevant information on the mastery of man in this currently Saharan environment
Berger, Julien. "Les associations de roches basiques - ultrabasiques néoprotérozoïques d'Amalaoulou (Gourma, Mali), du Tassendjanet (Hoggar occidental, Algérie) et cénozoïques du Saghro (Anti-Atlas, Maroc): témoins de l'évolution géodynamique de la ceinture péri-cratonique ouest-africaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210499.
Full textLe massif d’Amalaoulaou (Gourma, Mali) est interprété comme la racine d’un arc intra-océanique ayant enregistré la mise en place de magmas basiques (unité des métagabbros) à un stade immature de l’évolution de l’arc (subduction naissante) vers 800-790 Ma. Les gabbros quartziques (~720 Ma) et les gabbros à hornblende de l’unité supérieure ont des signatures de magmas d’arc plus franche, témoins d’une source mantellique plus enrichie par l’apport de la plaque océanique plongeante. Les métagabbros sont ensuite affectés par une recristallisation et localement par une anatexie en conditions du faciès granulitique. De nombreuses veines leucocrates se développent à ce stade, ce sont principalement des anorthosites et des tonalites (mises en place vers 660 Ma) provenant de la fusion partielle des métagabbros (850°C-1000°C, P>10 kbar). Cette fusion génère également des résidus denses à grenat-clinopyroxène-rutile, associations fréquemment présentes dans les racines d’arcs plus récents et reflétant la maturation de l’arc. L’arc d’Amalaoulaou est ensuite exhumé et charrié sur le craton ouest-africain dans des conditions de basse température et moyenne pression (550°C, 6-9 kbar), probablement au même moment que l’exhumation des éclogites du Gourma (~620 Ma).
L ‘épisode de subduction océanique est suivi par la subduction continentale dans le Gourma et le Hoggar occidental. Les éclogites/amphibolites de Tiléouine et Tin Zebbane (Hoggar occidental) sont des métabasaltes tholéiitiques enrichis et alcalins intracontinentaux ayant plongé à 60 km de profondeur (600°C, 17 kbar) lors de la subduction d’une partie du terrane du Tassendjanet. Même si la nature géochimique du protolithe est encore reconnaissable, ces métabasaltes ont subi une différenciation chimique lors de la recristallisation à haute pression par interaction avec les fluides issus de la déshydratation des métasédiments. L’exhumation (615-600 Ma) se fait relativement lentement, ce qui induit un rééquilibrage thermique (750°C, ~10 kbar) avant l’exhumation à basse température (660 °C, 7-8 kbar) précédant de peu voire synchrone à la phase collisionnelle.
L’intrusion basique-ultrabasique de Tiléouine marque la fin de la collision panafricaine dans le Hoggar occidental (600-590 Ma). C’est une ancienne chambre magmatique différenciée, mise en place entre 10 et 20 km de profondeur, et montrant une évolution magmatique depuis des cumulats ultramafiques riches en olivine, spinelle et pyroxène vers des gabbros riches en plagioclase. Le magma parental est d’affinité tholéiitique enrichie et tire probablement sa source de la lithosphère sous-continentale. La mise en place de cette intrusion est contemporaine d’un contexte tectonique transtensif induisant un amincissement lithosphérique au niveau du Tassendjanet.
Cette suture péri-cratonique est réactivée au Cénozoïque, lors de la convergence Afrique-Europe, ce qui se marque par la mise en place de laves alcalines, notamment dans l'Est de l’Anti-Atlas marocain (Saghro :10-3 Ma). Les néphélinites du Saghro sont issues de faibles taux de fusion partielle d’une source mantellique contenant un composant HIMU et localisée à la limite asthénosphère/lithosphère (70-100 km sous l’Anti-Atlas). La cristallisation fractionnée de ces magmas génère des phonolites, par fractionnement de feldspath, néphéline, apatite et sphène, principalement. L’étape finale de différenciation se marque par la formation de phases peu communes comme la hainite et la lorenzenite. Ces magmas se sont mis en place à la faveur de fentes de tension et de fractures ouvertes ayant la même orientation que la contrainte principale au Mio-Pliocène.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Moulahoum, Omar. "Dualité du magmatisme d'âge pan-africain : Aspects structuraux et pétrologiques des granites subalcalins et alumineux de la région de Tamanrasset (Hoggar central, Algérie." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10049.
Full textPandolfi, Paul. "Le ventre et le dos : parenté et résidence dans un groupe tributaire de l'Ahaggar : les Dag-Ghâli." La Réunion, 1995. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/95_01_Pandolfi.pdf.
Full textMost of the research works concerning the Kel-Ahaggar analyse this society from the viewpoint of the only aristocrats. In this work, the main question is to study a dependent group (the Dag-Ghali tribe), and so, to change the initial point of view. In a first part, the main characteristics of the Kel-Ahaggar will be laid out : geographic context, socio-political structure, history. . . From chapter 4, which analyses the importance of original traditions to the Kel-Ahaggar, the Dag-Ghali tribe (tawsit) is the centre-point of the study. The most important features of a tawsit as a unit of a segmentary system are therefore taken into account. So, relationship and residence are of determining importance. That's why the analysis is closely linked to practical facts (particularly analysis of marriages) beyond what Dag-Ghali may say. Integrating several parameters (residency, descent, politico-economic strategies. . . ) A hierarchical organization inside the tawsit can be pointed up, in spite of the general agreement that postulates that all the members of the tawsit are "equal" as they are all supposed to be descended from a same ancestor. Within this framework the matrilineal principle and the patrilineal principle -or, as well, using the Kel Ahaggar metaphore the stomach (tesa) and the back (aruri)- are shown to be efficient from differents levels
Kourim, Fatna. "Architecture lithosphérique et dynamique du manteau sous le Hoggar : le message des xénolites." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20040.
Full textThis study aims to characterize the lithospheric mantle of the Hoggar swell (Algeria) and its evolution through time via a multidisciplinary (petrological, geochemical and petrophysical) study of mantle xenoliths sampled by Cenozoic volcanism. The samples were collected in two volcanic districts (Tahalagha and Manzaz) located in the periphery and in the central part of the Hoggar massif, respectively. The Tahalgha sampling also straddles a mega pan-African shear zone (the 4°35 fault) between two major structural domains of the Tuareg Shield basement: the Central Polycyclic Hoggar to the East (LATEA terranes) and the Western Hoggar domain to the West (Iskel block). The studied xenoliths provide information on the evolution of the lithospheric mantle from the Pan-African orogeny – i.e. the period when the Tuareg Shield was structured – to the Cenozoic events responsible for topographic upwelling and volcanism in the Hoggar swell.The Pan-African heritage is found in xenoliths from the peripheral Tahalgha district. These samples are distinguished by low equilibrium temperatures (750-900°C) and LREE-depleted clinopyroxene compositions. They are considered to represent the sub-continental lithosphere after the rejuvenation process that marked the later stages of the Pan-African orogeny. They show well preserved deformation textures (porphyroclastic to equigranular) assigned to these events and characterized by preferential crystallographic orientations (CPOs) of olivine (axial-[010]) consistent with a transpressional regime. The Cenozoic events are marked by partial annealing of these textures, particularly pronounced in the Manzaz samples, as well as in the Tahalgha xenoliths equilibrated at medium to high temperatures (900-1150°C). These samples were affected by different degrees of metasomatism. The Tahalgha xenoliths represent a rather unique case study of mantle metasomatism, where coupled textural, mineralogical and chemical variations occur along local temperature gradients. The Cenozoic events were also responsible for a change in olivine CPOs, resulting from both infiltration of metasomatic fluids and reactivation of Pan-African accidents in a pure-shear regime.Important implications of this study lie in the scale at which the first-order lithosphere modifications ascribed to the Cenozoic event are observed, i.e. either at the scale of the whole Hoggar swell, as shown by the increasing degree of textural annealing and metasomatism from Tahalgha to Manzaz (i.e. from outer to central Hoggar), or at the small scale of magma conduits and their wall rocks, as shown by the local variability registered by the Tahalgha xenoliths. Conversely, our data show little changes at intermediate scales, as might be expected, for instance, among the Tahalgha localities situated on either sides - or at different distances - from the 4°35. As regards the origin of the Hoggar volcanic swell, this result favours the models involving relatively large-scale structures such as a mantle plume or "Edge Driven Convection", rather than a process involving merely the reactivation of pan-African lithospheric faults