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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Geographic information systems – Rwanda'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Azar, Kamal T. (Kamal Toufic). "Integrating geographic information systems into transit passenger information systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63195.

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2

Fonseca, Frederico Torres. "Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/FonsecaFT2001.pdf.

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3

Corner, Robert J. "Knowledge representation in geographic information systems." Curtin University of Technology, School of Spatial Sciences, 1999. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11740.

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In order to satisfy increasing demand for better, smarter, more flexible land resource information an alternative form of representation is proposed. That representation is to be achieved through the coupling of Expert System methods and Geographic Information Systems. Instead of representing resource information using entities such as soil types, defined by rigid boundaries on a map, a more fluid presentation is proposed. Individual resource attributes will be represented by surfaces that describe their probability of occurrence, at a number of levels, across a landscape. Such flexible representations, which are designed to better capture the mental models behind their creation, are capable of being combined and synthesised to answer a wide range of resource queries.An investigation of methods of knowledge representation in a number of fields of research, led to the belief that a Bayesian Network provides a representational calculus that is appropriate to the "fuzzy" and imprecise conceptual models used in resource assessment. The fundamental mathematical principles of such networks have been tailored to provide a representation that is in tune with the intuitive processes of a surveyor's thinking.Software has been written to demonstrate the method and tested on a variety of data sets from Australia and overseas. These tests and demonstrations have used a range of densities of knowledge and range of acuity in evidential data. In general the results accord with the mental models used as drivers. A number of operational facets of the method have been highlighted during these demonstrations and attention has been given to a discussion of them.

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4

Pascoe, Richard T. "Translating data between geographic information systems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8408.

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Transferring data from one geographic information system (GIS) to another is difficult because of the diverse, and often complex, structure of transfer file formats. Accordingly, the design and implementation of an interface for transferring data from one format to another is time consuming and difficult. The translation may be performed by an interface constructed for the two formats (the individual interfacing strategy), by two interfaces through an interchange format (the interchange format interfacing strategy), or by a number of interfaces through a series of formats (the ring interfacing strategy). The interchange format interfacing strategy is widely adopted because it offers an acceptable compromise between the quality of the data translation and number of interfaces required. In contrast, the individual interfacing strategy achieves the best quality of translation but is generally rejected because of the impracticality of constructing a large number of interfaces. The goal pursued in this thesis is to maximise the quality of the translation by overcoming the impracticality of the individual interfacing strategy. This is achieved in the following way. An interface is divided into three phases: the decode phase, in which the source format decoder places data from the source format into a relational data base; the translate phase, in which the data is restructured according to a translation algorithm written in a relational query language; and the encode phase, in which the target format encoder places data from the relational data base into the target format. The time and effort involved in implementing these phases of data translation is minimised with the assistance of the following software tools: parser generators and lexical analysers which are used for generating format decoders; a relational data base management system which is used for implementing translation algorithms; and an encoder generator which is used for generating format encoders. The encoder generator is a new tool developed in this thesis. The efficacy of these tools is demonstrated, and a significant reduction in the effort of constructing interfaces is achieved, making the individual interfacing strategy a practical approach.

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Fischer, Manfred M., and Peter Nijkamp. "Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1991. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4219/1/WSG_DP_1491.pdf.

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6

COUTO, LEONARDO MATRICIANO. "MODEL-DRIVEN ADAPTIVE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9648@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Esta dissertação apresenta uma estratégia para desenvolver sistemas de informação geográfica, seguindo uma variante do padrão de projeto Modelo- Visão-Controle (MVC). A estratégia adota modelos para reproduzir classes de usuário e capturar características adicionais das classes de informação da aplicação. A variante do padrão MVC proposta altera os componentes para implementar mecanismos de adaptação, interpretando os modelos definidos. O trabalho descreve ainda um fragmento de uma aplicação projetada segundo a estratégia proposta.
This dissertation introduces a strategy to develop geographic information systems based on a variant of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern. The strategy adopts models to reproduce user classes and to capture additional characteristics of the information classes. The MVC components are modified to implement adaptation mechanisms, which interpret the models. The dissertation also describes an example application designed according to the proposed strategy.

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7

Love, Kimberly R. "Modeling Error in Geographic Information Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29900.

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Geographic information systems (GISs) are a highly influential tool in today's society, and are used in a growing number of applications, including planning, engineering, land management,and environmental study. As the field of GISs continues to expand, it is very important to observe and account for the error that is unavoidable in computerized maps. Currently, both statistical and non-statistical models are available to do so, although there is very little implementation of these methods. In this dissertation, I have focused on improving the methods available for analyzing error in GIS vector data. In particular, I am incorporating Bayesian methodology into the currently popular G-band error model through the inclusion of a prior distribution on point locations. This has the advantage of working well with a small number of points, and being able to synthesize information from multiple sources. I have also calculated the boundary of the confidence region explicitly, which has not been done before, and this will aid in the eventual inclusion of these methods in GIS software. Finally, I have included a statistical point deletion algorithm, designed for use in situations where map precision has surpassed map accuracy. It is very similar to the Douglas-Peucker algorithm, and can be used in a general line simplification situation, but has the advantage that it works with the error information that is already known about a map rather than adding unknown error. These contributions will make it more realistic for GIS users to implement techniques for error analysis.
Ph. D.

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8

San, Martin Roberto. "Information management in disaster and development : geographic information systems." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6218.

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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional
This research considers the theoretical and practical link between long-term sustainable development and disaster management. The aim is to develop a theoretical framework and a methodology which allows the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to manage the related information. Literature review leads us to understand development and disaster management as part of a learning cycle. Within this context, a common approach to information management is suggested to support the decision-making process in a cost-effective manner. A “universal” GIS is proposed to integrate information management for development and disaster while exploring the interactions between projects and project and the related geography which is considered a complex reality full of synergies between space, ecosystem, society, culture and economy. Study of academic production, practical implementations, interviews and a limited GIS application (using ArcMap and QGis) are used to endorse the capabilities of this concept. These capabilities are limited by lack of free information and cost of data gathering, interoperability and other technical issues. Open-source and crowdsourcing may solve some limitations while others need further research.

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9

China, Samuel Soita. "Land use planning using geographic information systems." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239501.

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10

Ndaendelao, Noongo Emma. "The Implementation of geographic information systems in Namibia /." Joensuu : University of Joensuu, 2007. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789524589147.

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11

Sener, Basak. "Landfill Site Selection By Using Geographic Information Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605409/index.pdf.

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One of the serious and growing potential problems in most large urban areas is the shortage of land for waste disposal. Although there are some efforts to reduce and recover the waste, disposal in landfills is still the most common method for waste destination. An inappropriate landfill site may have negative environmental, economic and ecological impacts. Therefore, it should be selected carefully by considering both regulations and constraints on other sources. In this study, candidate sites for an appropriate landfill area in the vicinity of Ankara are determined by using the integration of Geographic Information Systems and Multicriteria Decision Analysis. For this purpose, sixteen input map layers including topography, settlements (urban centers and villages), roads (Highway E90 and village roads), railways, airport, wetlands, infrastructures (pipelines and power lines), slope, geology, land use, floodplains, aquifers and surface water are prepared and two different MCDA methods (Simple Additive Weighting and Analytic Hierarchy Process) are implemented in GIS environment. Comparison of the maps produced by these two different methods shows that both methods yield conformable results. Field checks also confirm that the candidate sites agree well with the selected criteria.

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O'Connor, Kevin P. "Applications of Geographic Information Systems in public works." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25695.

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Stassopoulou, Athena. "Bayesian networks for inference with geographic information systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1996. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/863/.

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Ballard, Michael Rodney Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Hydrological parameterization and modeling using geographic information systems." Ottawa, 1993.

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15

Sayar, Ahmet. "High performance, federated, service-oriented geographic information systems." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3344771.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Computer Science, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 8, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: B, page: 1135. Adviser: Geoffrey C. Fox.

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Eccles, Kristin M. "Applications of Geographic Information Systems in Landscape Ecotoxicology." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39504.

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Landscape ecotoxicology is the study of dose-response relationships to toxicants and integrating environmental factors across a defined landscape. In this thesis, I contributed new knowledge to the field of landscape ecotoxicology by adapting analytical methods to assess spatial patterns of chemical exposure among different wildlife keystone species, quantify the relationships between contaminant sources and exposures, and quantify dose-response relationships across large landscapes. Currently, there are few landscape ecotoxicology tools available for quantifying geospatial patterns of environmental toxicology data. To address this gap, I adapted spatial and statistical methods and demonstrated how they can be used to 1) integrate data and assess spatial patterns of contaminant exposure; 2) assess spatial patterns of exposure to complex mixtures; and 3) examine dose-response patterns across landscapes. I developed fur Hg as a biomarker medium as a non-invasive biomonitoring tool in river otter (Lontra canadensis) and mink (Neovison vison) by developing conversion factors that can be used to estimate internal organ Hg from fur Hg, using a meta-regression approach. Based on these results, I suggest that the fur Hg screening guideline be reduced from 20 ug/g to 15 ug/g to be more conservative. I also quantified how the distribution of fur Hg changes across the pelt of river otters. Results from this study indicate that topcoat should be used for biomonitoring as it is less variable than the undercoat and samples should be taken from the forebody (head and legs) for the most accurate organ Hg estimation. Using biomarkers of exposure, I quantified the relationship between sources of Hg and factors that promote Hg bioaccumulation with dietary Hg from stomach contents and fur Hg to establish fur as a proxy for bioavailability of environmental Hg. I also assessed spatial dose-response patterns between fur Hg and fur cortisol using a geographically weighted regression (GWR). Based on these results I use my proposed fur screening guideline of 15 µg/g to categorize fur Hg exposures and demonstrate that at low exposures (<15 µg/g) in fur, Hg has a positive relationship with cortisol. Conversely, at high exposures (>15 µg/g) in fur, Hg has a negative relationship with cortisol. This research provides a field example of heterogeneous dose-response relationships. Finally, I assessed spatial patterns of complex metal exposures in a variety of biomonitoring datasets. I used normalization and transformation techniques to effectively combine datasets comprised of different species and life stages. I then used a spatial principal components analysis (sPCA) to exemplify clusters of complex exposures associated with oil and gas development in regions of Alberta, Canada. These advancements in the field of landscape ecotoxicology will help advance evidence-based long-term ecological monitoring programs.

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McFarland, Sean Alan. "Decision making theory with geographic information systems support." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3393.

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Decisions are made with varying degrees of effectiveness and efficiency and are influenced by a myriad of internal and external forces. Decision Support Systems (DSS) software can effectively aid decision making through processing the facts and producing meaningful outputs for use by the person or team in making the final choice. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a form of DSS, are very effective when locational data are present. This thesis talks about using GIS software in decision making procedures.

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18

Martin, David. "On the representation of socio-economic information within geographic information systems." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238188.

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19

Sharad, Chakravarthy Namindi. "Public Commons for Geospatial Data: A Conceptual Model." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SharadCN2003.pdf.

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20

Price, Stephen. "A systems approach to the development of large Geographic Information Systems." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17124.

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Includes bibliography.
Large computer-based information systems seldom achieve unqualified success. The major problem is organisational rather than technical, hence to achieve greater success in system implementation greater emphasis must be given to organisational issues than to technology. Current practise, however, tends to focus on technical issues. The aim of this research was to investigate whether a systems-based approach would lead to better understanding of the system development process, and hence form the basis of a methodology which would lead to greater success in computer-based information system implementation. The thesis comprises four parts. In the first part (Chapters 1 - 5) the literature on systems theory in sociology with particular reference to business organisations is reviewed. This review focuses on the historical development of systems thinking, particularly in business management. Beer's Viable System Model, Checkland' s Soft Systems Methodology, and Hoebeke' s ideas on the adoption of new technology provided the main ideas for developing a conceptual model for the information system development process. In the second part (Chapters 6-9) this model is applied to the information system development process to identify the strengths and weaknesses of current methods. Each stage of system development from planning to implementation is considered from a systems perspective. This involves identifying the key stakeholders, and understanding their role in the development process. In the next part three case studies are examined in the light of the theoretical material. The impact of inter-cultural communication is highlighted in these studies as the developers and customers were from· several different cultures. The author was personally involved as project manager and chief consultant in the development of two of the systems described. He was also fully aware of the progress of the other case because that development was being undertaken in the same office. Regular exchanges of views on the progress of each project took place. In the final chapter the conclusions are presented. The main conclusion is that information system implementation must be undertaken within the overall context of the organisation, must be closely aligned with the organisational business processes, and must address the conflicting needs of the different stakeholders. Effective Communication between system developers and system users is crucial to success. A focussed effort is required to achieve effective communication in a multi-cultural environment.

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Loenen, B. van. "Developing geographic information infrastructures the role of information policies /." Delft : DUP Science, 2006. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/85357223.html.

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22

Leung, Kai Chi. "Geographic information and urban development in Shanghai." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3264606.

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23

Turner, Ross. "Georeferenced data-to-text techniques and application /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=56243.

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Finniear, Lee John. "An intelligent Geographic Information System for design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32546.

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Recent advances in geographic information systems (GIS) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been summarised, concentrating on the theoretical aspects of their construction and use. Existing projects combining AI and GIS have also been discussed, with attention paid to the interfacing methods used and problems uncovered by the approaches. AI and GIS have been combined in this research to create an intelligent GIS for design. This has been applied to off-shore pipeline route design. The system was tested using data from a real pipeline design project.

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25

Sirinyildiz, Tunc. "Integration Of Geophysical - Geological Data Using Geographic Information Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1206374/index.pdf.

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This study attempts to integrate geophysical data with other spatial data using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study is carried out in a part of Galatean Volcanic Province, north of Ankara. Gravity, magnetic, topographic, rock type and volcanic eruption center data are the data layers used in the study. All data layers are converted to raster format with a grid spacing of 100 m. The first step in the analysis is the pair-wise analyses of all data layers. For the geophysical data, different layers for the depths of 1 to 5 km are generated. All paired analyses indicate that geophysical and other data sets are correlative among each other but show no relationship for any two layers from different sets. In the second step of the analyses, two geophysical data are combined and overlaid with layers from the other set. These analyses indicate that relationship between geophysical data with other spatial data becomes more evident and that the geophysical data can be successfully integrated with other data sets. Accuracy of the results is highly dependent on the accuracy of both data sets. Analyses have shown GIS can contribute to the investigation of spatial distribution of buried planar structures using geophysical data.

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Hesse, W. J. "Object-oriented concepts for land and geographic information systems /." Connect to thesis, 1991. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000694.

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27

Murphy, Darren W. "Extensible 3D (X3D) graphics clouds for geographic information systems." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FMurphy_Darren.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Durkee, Philip A. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84). Also available in print.

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28

Fischer, Manfred M., and Peter Nijkamp. "Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Modelling Potentials and Bottlenecks." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1992. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4214/1/WSG_DP_1992.pdf.

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29

Drummond, Jane E. "Determining and processing quality parameters in geographic information systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315587.

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30

Şirinyıldız, Tunç. "Integration of geophysical - geological data using geographic information systems." 260 Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1206374/index.pdf.

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31

Hall, Steven Thomas. "Topographic analysis and predictive modeling using geographic information systems." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1239896299/.

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32

Satyanarayana, V. G. "Analysis of transit service areas using geographic information systems." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1998. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020338/.

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33

Vrana, Ric. "Monitoring urban land use transition with geographic information systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5668.

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Singh, Raj R. (Raj Richard). "Adapting geographic information systems to address sketch planning needs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70273.

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Felus, Yaron A. "New methods for spatial statistics in geographic information systems /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486400446373917.

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Phillips, Reesa Brooke. "Extending the hierarchical systems knowledge representation framework : interfacing with geographic information systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46007.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-108).
This thesis presents the design and implementation of a geographic information systems framework in which engineering systems can be created and analyzed. This framework extends the hierarchical systems knowledge representation framework to allow geospatial information to be attributed to model objects and viewed within geographic information system tools. The addition of geospatial information allows analysts to use spatial analysis to better learn about engineering systems.
by Reesa Brooke Phillips.
M.Eng.

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37

Perrow, Gabriel. "A Mathematical Model for Simplifying Representations of Objects in a Geographic Information System." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PerrowGM2003.pdf.

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Wu, Jie. "Artifact management and behavioral discourse in the software development process for a large public participatory geographic information system /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5644.

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Parsley, Scott. "Methodologies for distributed and higher dimensional geographic information." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/462.

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In today's digital era, cartography has changed its role, from that of a pure visual model of the Earth's surface, to an interface to other spatial and aspatial information. Along with this, representationa nd manipulation of graphical information in three-dimensional space is required for many applications. Problems and difficulties must be overcome in order to facilitate the move to three-dimensional models, multimedia, and distributed data. Can accurate measurements, at sufficient resolution, and using affordable resources be obtained? Will application software usefully process, in all aspects, models of the real world, sounds, and videos? Combined with this, the workplace is becoming distributed, requiring applications and data that can be used across the globe as easily as in the office. A distributed, three-dimensional, GIS is required with all the procedural and recording functionality of current two-dimensional systems. Such a GIS would maintain a model, typically comprised of solids of individual buildings, roads, utilities etc. with both external and internal detail, represented on a suitable digital terrain model. This research examines virtual reality software as part of an answer. Alternatively, can technologies such as HTML, VRML, and scripting, along with object-orientation and open systems, allow for the display and interrogation of networked data sets? The particular application of this technology, considered during this research, is the need for accurate reconstruction of historical urban monuments. The construction, manipulation, and exploration of these models is often referred to as virtual heritage. This research constructs an innovative and resource effective methodology, the Phoenix algorithm, which requires only a single image for creating three-dimensional models of buildings at large scale. The development of this algorithm is discussed and the results obtained from it are compared with those obtained using traditional three-dimensional capture techniques. Furthermore, possible solutions to the earlier questions are given and discussed.

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40

McCurry, David B. "Provenance Tracking in a Commons of Geographic Data." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCurryDB2007.pdf.

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Fowler, Brandon. "Understanding Colombian Violence Through Geographic Information Systems and Statistical Approaches." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1229.

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In 2002, Colombia had the highest homicide rate of any Latin American country(Berkman, 2007). The origins of this violence, however, are complex and difficult to identify. It would be sensible to argue that it cannot be explained by any one particular factor, but rather an assortment of many factors that wholly represent the social, economic, and political conditions of Colombia. By better understanding the origins of Colombian violence, policy makers can more effectively address and alleviate this prolonged issue. This study examines the geographic nature of municipal homicide rates for Colombia in 2005. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are any discernible patterns in the geographic distribution of homicide rates across Colombia at the municipal level. It also aims to determine what combination of statistically significant predictors, if any, generates acceptable regression models for predicting the distribution of homicide rates. Spatial autocorrelation methods, particularly Global and Local Moran’s I statistics, were used to identify the clusters of high-value homicide rates. Regression models, specifically OLS and GWR, were utilized to examine the relationships between homicide rates and an assortment of geographic factors, including Coca Cultivation Density, Presidential Election Participation Rate, Displaced Persons Rate, Standard of Living Index, Terrain Ruggedness Index, FARC Armed Actions Rate, andPublic Force Armed Actions Rate. The results of this study indicate that clusters of high-value homicide rates were indeed located in the northern, southern, western, and central regions of Colombia. Among the aforementioned geographic factors, Coca Cultivation Density, Displaced Persons Rate, Standard of Living Index, Terrain Ruggedness Index, FARC Armed Actions Rate, and Public Force Armed Actions Rate all exhibited positive correlations. The variable exhibiting a negative correlation was the Presidential Election Participation Rate.

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42

Cox, Christopher 1967. "Watershed master planning for St. Lucia using geographic information systems." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27303.

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A method for estimating long-term average annual soil loss under different land management scenarios from the Marquis and Soufriere watersheds on St. Lucia is presented. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was used, and a GIS was employed to generate the required input parameters. Model execution and results were also generated within the GIS. Modelling soil loss for the different land management scenarios was based upon a land capability classification and associated conservation treatments. Soil losses under current agricultural land-use patterns were analyzed and compared to potential soil losses under conservation treatments following the criteria specified in the land capability classification. The model predicted substantial declines in soil loss where conservation treatments were assigned, as compared to soil loss under current land-use patterns. It was found that predicted soil losses from the Soufriere watershed were four times that predicted for the Marquis watershed for all the land management scenarios modelled. Of the input parameters in the model, slope steepness was most highly correlated to predicted soil loss. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will be used in the development of a decision support system for agricultural and forestry land planning on St. Lucia.

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Cox, Christopher. "Watershed master planning for St. Lucia using geographic information systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29678.pdf.

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McAllister, Michael Joseph. "The computational geometry of hydrology data in geographic information systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/NQ48670.pdf.

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Rodrigues, Maria Armanda Simenta. "The development of spatial intelligent agents with geographic information systems." Thesis, City University London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300696.

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Mamhikoff, Adel Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "Interoperability in multidatabases and its application to Geographic Information Systems." Ottawa, 1993.

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ROSA, BRUNO ALEXANDRE BARREIROS. "A METHODOLOGY FOR SCHOOL VEHICLES ROUTING USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34502@1.

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Abstract:

O problema de roteamento de veículos escolares, do inglês School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP), trata de planejar as rotas de uma frota de veículos para locomover os alunos dos pontos de embarque até suas respectivas escolas. O SBRP é um caso especial do problema de roteamento de veículos, do inglês Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) e é conhecido por ser um problema NP-difícil. A maior parte da literatura referente ao SBRP se concentra, principalmente, em modelos matemáticos para resolver o problema de roteamento aplicando restrições da vida real. Já em relação à geocodificação dos endereços das escolas e alunos, bem como a busca de distâncias e tempos de deslocamentos reais, estas também são pontos de vital importância, visto que as distâncias reais se diferem da euclidiana e geodésica principalmente em áreas rurais, região de estudo deste trabalho. Neste contexto, uma metodologia é proposta para o problema, junto com um protótipo para automatizar os procedimentos necessários para à obtenção de informações, cuja a aplicação, a partir de um cenário real no contexto brasileiro, é apresentada e dividida em oito fases: definir abrangência, geocodificar o endereço de escolas, alunos e pontos de embarque, definir as características, calcular a distância e o tempo de percurso, montar o banco de dados georreferenciado e de veículos, aplicar uma ferramenta para a obtenção das rotas, geoespacilizar as rotas e elaborar diagnóstico. A proposta é testada aplicando uma ferramenta para a obtenção das rotas que utiliza a meta-heurística Adaptative Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) para resolver instâncias do VRP. Desta forma, uma das contribuições do estudo consiste no georreferenciamento das unidades escolares estaduais, estando as informações presentes na plataforma do Google Maps para visualização do público. No estudo são localizados e roteados 150 alunos de 7 unidades escolares da cidade de Nova Friburgo. O resultado apresenta valores consistentes e satisfatórios, demonstrando economia média de 41,62 por cento nos custos praticados nas rotas.
The School Bus Routing Problem (SBRP) deals with planning the routes of a fleet of vehicles to move the students from boarding points to their respective schools. The SBRP is a special case of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and is known to be an NP-hard problem. Most of the SBRP literature focuses, mainly, on mathematical models to solve the routing problem by applying real-life restrictions. Regarding the geocoding of the addresses of schools and students, as well as the search for distances and times of real displacements, are also points of vital importance, since the actual distances differ from the euclidean and geodesic ones mainly in rural areas, study region this work. In this context, a methodology is proposed for the problem, along with a prototype to automate the procedures required to obtain information, whose application, based on a real scenario in the Brazilian context is presented, divided into eight phases: to define scope, to geocode the address of schools, student and boarding points, to define the characteristics, to calculate the distance and travel time, to set the georeferenced database and vehicles, to apply a tool to obtain the routes, to geospatialize the routes and elaborate diagnosis. The proposal is tested by applying a tool to obtain routes using the Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) meta-heuristic to solve VRP instances. Thus, one of the contributions of the study consists in the georeferencing of the state school units, with the information present in the Google Maps platform for public viewing. In the study, 150 students from 7 school units in the city of Nova Friburgo were located. The result presents consistent and satisfactory values, demonstrating savings of 41.62 percent in the costs practiced on th routes.

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Sakamoto, Hideo 1956. "Socioeconomic topography : inner city economic development and Geographic Information Systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9327.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-96).
Targeting project areas and defining the objectives are the most important procedures to plan neighborhood economic development, such as the Boston Main Street Program. Which shopping district is to be encouraged and how? However, this has not been an easy task, especially when the neighborhood is in the inner city, because the inner city is so diversified that planners can not find clear spatial patterns on which to base their decisions. This paper attempts to extract patterns of socioeconomic phenomena relevant to economic development and map them. The advancing technology of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has made it easier to apply raster (grid cell or bit pattern) analysis to studying urban spatial patterns. A map that shows socioeconomic phenomena via rasterization and smoothing processing is called "socioeconomic topography" here. Just as conventional topography shows us geographical features, socioeconomic topography illustrates the spatial pattern and clustering of socioeconomic features of a given area. The following maps are created as socioeconomic topography to support planning of inner city economic development: (1) land use allocation, (2) land value, (3) business variation, (4) shopping convenience, and (5) leading industrial clusters. On each map, spatial patterns stand out clearly from the chaos of Boston's inner city. Socioeconomic topography offers a new way of understanding the inner city and illuminates the need of made-to-order projects for each shopping district.
by Hideo Sakamoto.
M.C.P.

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Balsley, Erik S. (Erik Stephen) 1974. "The use of geographic information systems to facilitate Brownfield redevelopment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64542.

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Fischer, Manfred M. "Spatial Interaction Models and the Role of Geographic Information Systems." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1995. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4183/1/WSG_DP_4795.pdf.

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