To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Geographic maps.
Journal articles on the topic 'Geographic maps'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Geographic maps.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Tania, Calle-Jimenez, and Luján-Mora Sergio. "Web Accessibility Barriers in Geographic Maps." International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering 8, no. 1 (February 2016): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcte.2016.v8.1024.
Full text
2
Frigioni, Daniele, and Laura Tarantino. "Multiple zooming in geographic maps." Data & Knowledge Engineering 47, no. 2 (November 2003): 207–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-023x(03)00060-0.
Full text
3
Buckland, Michael, Aitao Chen, Fredric C. Gey, Ray R. Larson, Ruth Mostern, and Vivien Petras. "Geographic Search: Catalogs, Gazetteers, and Maps." College & Research Libraries 68, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.68.5.376.
Full textAbstract:
Libraries need to support geographic search. The traditional reliance on place names and political jurisdictions needs to be complemented by greater attention to space, using latitude and longitude. If place name authority files are linked to (or developed into) place name gazetteers, spatial coordinates can be added, places can be located in space, similar and multiple place names can be disambiguated, additional spatial relationships can be established (for example, near, between). Map visualizations used to display geographic aspects of retrieved sets can also provide a more flexible way in to specify the geographic facet in search queries. Analyses show that library catalog records contain geographic data that remains unused. Recommendations and prototype interfaces are presented.
4
Miller, David B. "Future Focus for National Geographic Maps." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 34, no. 2 (January 2007): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1559/152304007781002172.
Full text
5
Wise, Naomi, and Jane Heckley Kon. "Assessing Geographic Knowledge with Sketch Maps." Journal of Geography 89, no. 3 (May 1990): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221349008979612.
Full text
6
Latypova, Z. B., M. K. Omarov, and D. D. Davletberdin. "Ecologization of geographic education and forming of ecological culture." Pedagogicheskiy Zhurnal Bashkortostana 92, no. 2 (2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21510/1817-3292-2021-92-2-35-44.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years geographical education has undergone great changes. Taking into account its significance and current situation, the Concept of the Development of Geographical Education in Russia was adopted. It notes that geography forms the concept of human activity in interaction with the environment at all levels, and geographical information serves as the basis for identifying and solving problems that arise in the process of this interaction. This allows us to conclude that one of the features and tasks of modern geographical education is its greening, which is the subject of this article. As geography and ecology are now closely cooperating, there is a new thread occurring in science. This is geoecology. The article reveals the essence of this term and its conceptual basis. One of the main components of a human culture is the geographic culture. The geographic culture forms thanks to geographical education. Meanwhile, the geographical culture facilitates the formation of the ecological culture. The contemporary literature on geography and ecology often discusses the issue of how the ecological culture is formed. Methodologists are involved in developing various practical extra classes to improve the ecological culture. The major method to study the ecology and geography is a geoecological (ecological) mapping. The mapping facilitates programs and projects aimed at environment protection. The findings of the ecological and geographical researches help create geoecological, landscape and ecological maps. Today researchers are actively developing a unified method for creating such maps. The model or the basis of this method should be a landscape map of a territory. This is particularly urgent these days; regions create charts of their ecological framework. The article also reveals the essence and meaning of a territory’s landscape and ecological framework. Such a complicated system shall be developed by people knowledgeable in geography and ecology. Training such specialist is the top priority of the geographical education.
7
Česnulevičius, Algimantas. "Application of Lithuanian National Atlas for Geography Learning Possibilities / Lietuvos nacionalinio atlaso taikymo galimybės mokant geografijos." Geografija ir edukacija mokslo almanachas / Geography and Education Science Almanac 5 (November 6, 2017): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/ge.2017.10.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzed the possibilities of usability of first volume of Lithuanian National Atlas for deepening geography knowledge at primary and secondary schools. For realization of geography education goals set tasks related to spatial perception, perception of territorial distribution of geographical phenomena and processes, events causality description, territorial assessment of relevant society problems development, cherish of environmental protection, cultural heritage conservation traditions. Carried analysis of atlas maps for the geography knowledge’s formation showed that the first volume Lithuanian National Atlas maps are: Eligible for pupils geographical (spatial) worldview formation, providing additional possibilities to learn of nature and the structure of society diversity of Lithuania and other countries and its regions, to expand the geography of knowledge and understanding, develop of primary capacity of geographic information collection and analysis, formation geographical concept of local, regional and global processes, develop analysis and research skills of natural and social processes and students interpretative thinking. Atlas maps as a demonstration and performance analytical pieces are integrated into a wide range of natural and social geography range of topics, which associated with local, regional and global phenomena. Application of Lithuanian National Atlas maps in education expands maps publishing in public online. They can be analyzed using the integrated measurement tools for the distance and area measurements. This enables the Lithuanian National Atlas maps use for practical tasks and for cognitive and educational projects realization.
8
Muhammad Harum, Muhammad Harum. "STUDI PEMETAAN DATA BASE SPASIAL PENGGUNAAN LAHAN BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KELURAHAN BAURUNG." BANDAR: JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 2, no. 2 (August 24, 2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31605/bjce.v2i2.547.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT: Geographic Information Systems not only handle maps or images, but most importantly is the ability to handle large volumes of databases. The database concept is the center of a Geographic Information System and is a simple system that can only produce output in the form of geographical and spatial data from a region. The Geographical Information System Database (GIS) is formed having a spatial data topology structure, and can be used as basic data. The database is formed automatically from the results of surveys and measurements and the results of digitization of high-resolution image maps so that spatial data information can be obtained, to produce a new Geographic Information System database as a result of the merging of survey data and the results of digitization of image maps.
9
Borisov, Mirko. "Identifying and eliminating deformations of geographic maps." Vojnotehnicki glasnik 50, no. 1 (2002): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg0201073b.
Full text
10
Bailey, Heidi, David Smaldone, Gregory Elmes, and Robert Burns. "Geointerpretation: The Interpretive Potential of Maps." Journal of Interpretation Research 12, no. 2 (November 2007): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258720701200204.
Full textAbstract:
Interpretive centers are well-known sources of geographic information—providing visitors with maps and facts about noteworthy places. Yet research on the effectiveness of interpretation in conveying geographic information is limited. Managing natural and cultural resources creates a need to communicate to the public about these places at both small and large scales. This raises the question of how people perceive different types of spaces and how they learn geographic and spatial information. This paper reviews the literature on spatial cognition, providing a theoretical and empirical basis to suggest strategies for interpretation. The recommendations of this paper are to: 1) design geographic interpretation around the three components of spatial knowledge; 2) create interpretive maps by blending the principles of map and exhibit design; and 3) provide visitors with multiple opportunities to learn about a geographic setting. Maps have considerable potential as tools for connecting visitors to the meaning of places.
11
Gadomski, Paweł, and Izabela Karsznia. "Ocena zakresu treści baz danych oraz map średnioskalowych wybranych agencji kartograficznych." Prace i Studia Geograficzne 66, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.48128/pisg/2021-66.2-02.
Full textAbstract:
Topographic databases and general geographic maps are essential components of geographic information systems and the primary and rich spatial information source at general scales. The article presents qualitative and quantitative analyses based on the content of general geographic maps and topographic databases carried out on the example of products of selected national mapping agencies (NMAs). This research aims to verify whether the data contained in the analyzed databases and the information presented on general maps constitute the rich source of geographical and spatial information, as well as to examine how the analyzed General Geographic Objects Database (BDOO) developed in Poland differs from the selected databases of similar level of details. The results of qualitative and quantitative analyses are presented in comprehensive charts and tables, which show the obtained results in a synthetic and complex manner.
12
SVATEK, PETRA. "Ethnic cartography and politics in Vienna, 1918–1945." British Journal for the History of Science 51, no. 1 (February 13, 2018): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000708741800002x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn Vienna, the close of the First World War and the period of the peace negotiations in Paris saw an enormous boom of ethnic-geographic research approaches and ethnic map-making. This process continued with the appointment of the Viennese geographer Hugo Hassinger (1877–1952) to the chair of human geography at the University of Vienna in 1931 and intensified with the establishment of the South East German Research Association and the National Socialist takeover in March 1938. But did the initiatives to create ethnic maps originate with politicians and authorities, or did they come from the scientists themselves? This article argues that scientists embarked upon ethnic geographies on their own initiative. Although political institutions used scientists and their resources for their own, political ends (ethnographic maps served as an important source for the National Socialists in their operations for ethnic consolidation), scientists also mobilized resources from the political sphere for career and disciplinary purposes.
13
Alryyes, Ala. "Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe: “Maps,” Natural Law, and the Enemy." Eighteenth-Century Life 44, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-8718655.
Full textAbstract:
Although it may appear that geography is distinguished by an objective, neutral subject, a genealogy of geographical knowledge reveals that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century European polemics over the demarcations and legal representations of space were imbued with polemos itself, war and conflict. In this article, I examine the polemical nature of Robinson Crusoe’s spatial experience and constructions, maritime and insular. Most readers know Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe for the shipwreck and the island. This sells short the novel’s formal spatial design, which contrasts its hero’s early mobility with his subsequent settlement(s), while concurrently encoding ideas about law, enmity, and sovereignty into geographic constructions. In Defoe’s space, theory and practice of empire are intermeshed. As I shall argue, Defoe’s representations of his hero’s achievements—both Crusoe’s astute seafaring and his later claims to sovereignty and possession of “his” island—build on extraliterary systems of knowledge in which war offers blueprints for grasping colonial encounters and global space. Defoe exploits two related imperial geographical discourses, natural law (and its derivative the Law of Nations, forerunner of today’s International Law and Law of War), and cartography, drawing on them for both verisimilar and fantastical representations in his novel.
14
Rutynskyi, Mykhailo. "Geography of Ukrainian lands in scientific heritage of famous German geographer Anton Busching." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 49 (December 30, 2015): 296–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2015.49.8647.
Full textAbstract:
A. Busching is one of the greatest European geographers of second half of the XVIII century. The most fundamental work – Neue Erdbeschreibung oder Universal Geographie (1754) – brought him worldwide fame only during his lifetime was reprinted eight times and has been translated into almost all European languages. A. Busching systematized geographic information is very valuable source of historical geography of Ukraine. Each new reissue of the information (including statistics) A. Busching meticulously update, detailed and changed with the times era. In the 60’s gave a lengthy description of Ukrainian lands Red Ruthenia as part of the Kingdom of Poland. In the 70’s he was first among European geographers who published a geographical description of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. In the 80’s A. Busching published a series of statistical-geographical studies of new data on the geography of population, economy, communications and commerce Western, Central and Southern Ukrainian lands. The role and contribution of A. Busching in a geographical study of Ukraine in the second half of the seventeenth century are considered. In 1762–1763 A. Busching introduced to the world geographical community a new generalizing geographical name of the country, which was known from earlier treatises as Kievan Rus, Red Ruthenia, Cossacks’ province. The title of the relevant section of it preserved colonial official name given in 1764 by Catherine II disbanded it Hetman state – Little Russia. But below its geographical characteristics, this definition was begun: “The country of the Cossacks, usually called Ukraine...” A. Busching filed a brief geographical reference of all provinces and major cities of Ukraine. Busching’s books interesting information about her administrative-territorial structure, number cities, geography of trade, state of the river and road transport, formation centres manufactured crafts etc. A. Busching in 1772–1775 was the first systematized scientific community for world geography major geographic information system on the new administrative-territorial unit Europe – the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria – successor of earlier Principality of Galicia-Volyn Rus and Rus country. A. Busching is the author of the first survey maps of Europe that reflect this geographical unit. Content and factual materials of the scientific heritage of geographer were critically analysed and modified. It is shown the value of certain works of the scientist for historical-geographical studios and territorial development of Ukrainian lands that period. Key words: Ukraine, the Ukrainian lands, historical geography, scientific heritage, A. Busching.
15
Kriz, Karel. "Image of Excellence – Developing Wine Maps for Austria." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-192-2019.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Austrian wine industry made the fundamental decision to intensify the marketing of Austrian wine via its origin. Therefore, the creation of protected wines of origin has once again become the focus of interest. Since the marketing of Austrian wine through vineyard designations is increasing every year, it is necessary to present Austria's vineyards in an informative way in order to bring the special features of the protected geographical origin of Austrian quality wines closer to the consumer. The comprehensive, precise and professional acquisition as well as appealing geographic map design of vineyards for different demands, tasks and presentations is widely seen as a conceptual framework for the dissemination of wine relevant issues.</p><p>Under this assumption, a collaboration project between representatives of the wine industry and academia came into being. <i>Developing Wine Maps for Austria</i> is an embedded research and development project with the aim of conceiving a functional as well as user-centered geographic communication portal of all Austrian vineyards to record, represent and communicate relevant factors dealing with wine and their spatial-temporal characteristics. The Austrian Wine Marketing Company (ÖWM Österreich Wein Marketing GmbH) commissioned the project in cooperation with the University of Vienna, Department of Geography and Regional Research and the Technical Office for Landscape Planning plan+land, Artner & Tomasits OG in order to promote the creation of protected wines of origin as well as to explore new horizons of geo-communication.</p><p>The project aims to establish a web portal that visualizes and disseminates information on Austrian vineyards in an effective and appealing way. Thus also communicating additional information to accentuate on wine specific features within a defined geographic entity. The goal is to play a pioneering role in the presentation of vineyards and associated products emphasizing in the objective of achieving (cartographic) image of excellence.</p><p>The presentation will discuss the general conceptual framework clarifying the communication structures and workflow within the system. Thereby explaining the methods and structures based on the defined system architecture. In this context the development and implementation of interfaces for the digital storage and manipulation of all decreed vineyards in Austria will be introduced. These are embedded in a geographical and political hierarchy. This paper will also focus on the prerequisites of wine maps as well as their digital representation with special emphasis on quality assessment and map design. It will compare and discuss currently accessible geo-data sources as well as online applications and finally present an approach to accommodate the described difficulties to facilitate sustainable data caption, creation and design for wine maps that must fulfill the conceptual framework.</p>
16
Kolejka, Jaromír, and Hana Svobodová. "Geographic Positioning Elements in Newspaper Weather Forecast Maps." Geografické informácie 20, no. 2 (2016): 538–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17846/gi.2016.20.2.538-553.
Full text
17
Wong, Yuet Ling, Jieqiong Zhao, and Niklas Elmqvist. "Evaluating Social Navigation Visualization in Online Geographic Maps." International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 31, no. 2 (January 20, 2015): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2014.959106.
Full text
18
Lay, Jinn-Guey, Yu-Wen Chen, and Ko-Hua Yap. "Geographic Reality Versus Imagination in Taiwan’s Historical Maps." Cartographic Journal 47, no. 2 (May 2010): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000870410x12658023467402.
Full text
19
Serapinas, B. B. "PROBABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE COMPLETENESS OF GEOGRAPHIC MAPS." Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing 23, no. 4 (October 1986): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07493878.1986.10641634.
Full text
20
Verdi, Michael P., Steven M. Crooks, and David R. White. "Learning Effects of Print and Digital Geographic Maps." Journal of Research on Technology in Education 35, no. 2 (December 2002): 290–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2002.10782387.
Full text
21
Kulhavy, Raymond W., William A. Stock, and William A. Kealy. "How geographic maps increase recall of instructional text." Educational Technology Research and Development 41, no. 4 (December 1993): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02297511.
Full text
22
Grčić, Mirko. "Cartographic image of Serbia and other neighboring countries on the Balkan Peninsula on the maps of Martin Waldseemüller from early 16th century." Zbornik radova - Geografski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, no. 68 (2020): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrgfub2068081g.
Full textAbstract:
Martin Waldseemüller has a special place in the history of European cartography and geography, due to the original cartographic works that influenced the expansion of the geographical horizons of Europeans in the 16th century. In the introductory section, the author gives an overview of his most important works, which still attract the attention of researchers in the field of historical geography, historical cartography, toponomastics and related scientific disciplines. Author then analyzes the text and context of Waldzemiler's maps. The aim of this work is to shed new light on geographical knowledge of the Balkan Peninsula and Serbian countries in the age of Humanism and the Renaissance, based on an analysis of Martin Waldseemüller's geographic maps from the early 16th century. Special attention is paid to the contents of the map Tabula moderna Bossine, Servie, Gretiae et Sclavonie, from 1507.
23
Nagaraj, Abhishek, and Scott Stern. "The Economics of Maps." Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 196–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.34.1.196.
Full textAbstract:
For centuries, maps have codified the extent of human geographic knowledge and shaped discovery and economic decision-making. Economists across many fields, including urban economics, public finance, political economy, and economic geography, have long employed maps, yet have largely abstracted away from exploring the economic determinants and consequences of maps as a subject of independent study. In this essay, we first review and unify recent literature in a variety of different fields that highlights the economic and social consequences of maps, along with an overview of the modern geospatial industry. We then outline our economic framework in which a given map is the result of economic choices around map data and designs, resulting in variations in private and social returns to mapmaking. We highlight five important economic and institutional factors shaping mapmakers’ data and design choices. Our essay ends by proposing that economists pay more attention to the endogeneity of mapmaking and the resulting consequences for economic and social welfare.
24
Bahtiar, Novi Dwesti, and Agus Sifaunajah. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI WILAYAH JOMBANG." SAINTEKBU 10, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32764/saintekbu.v10i1.165.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most common cases of disease in Indonesia is dengue hemorrhagic fever. Jombang region is one of the areas whose people are infected with dengue fever because every year there must be cases and cases that occur is also high. Various efforts have been made to prevent the spread of the disease. Among the 3M program (Drain, Closing, and Bury), fumigation (fogging) in each area that is endemic DHF. But still there are victims, even increasing from the years. From these problems is also required system capable of providing relief. With this problem then built a Web-Based Geographic Information System that can help people to know the actual spread of dengue fever. Geographic Information System is a collection of computer systems that store, process, manipulate, analyze geography data into quality information related to geographic objects. Within the Geographic Information System itself there are two important elements of Geographic Data used as a reference for attribute data, and the attribute data itself used to support spatial or geographical information. The design of the map to be displayed in this application using Google Maps API, while the methodology in the development of this system using waterfall method that includes system analysis, system design, system implementation and testing. In making this Web-based Geographic Information System uses MySQL as database to store the required data and use PHP as the programming language. The purpose of making Geographic Information System is to help Jombang District Health Office in providing information to the community about the spread of dengue fever so that it can reduce the number of patients each year.
Keywords: Google Maps, GIS, Healthy, Dengue Fever.
25
Todorova, Rostislava. "Icons as Maps." Eikon / Imago 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2015): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/eiko.73424.
Full textAbstract:
Although a comparison between Orthodox icons and geographic maps sounds like an extravagant idea, if we set them in a broader context, we will see that they are actually akin. Both, the Orthodox εικών and the medieval mappamundi are symbolic images that represent cosmological concepts, showing the essence and character of the Universe in images. They enable people to overcome their natural limitations and see what is invisible to their eyes.
26
Blanco, Ignacio, Isidro Diego, Patricia Bueno, Francisco Casas-Maldonado, and Marc Miravitlles. "Geographic distribution of COPD prevalence in the world displayed by Geographic Information System maps." European Respiratory Journal 54, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 1900610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00610-2019.
Full text
27
Cahyono, Ari. "STUDI NAMA GEOGRAFI MELALUI LAYANAN PEMETAAN URUNDAYA DI DESA GIRIPURWO, PURWOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA." Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 18, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.182.04.
Full textAbstract:
A geographical name is a name that identify specific feature on the earth. That features could be a settlement, administrative region, natural feature, artificial feature, unbounded region, or virtual region. Under the Law Number 4 of 2011 concerning Geospatial Information, the geographical name is one of the layer that must appear on the base map. The acquisition of geographical names can be facilitated by crowdsourcing map that are conducted by corporations or the public. The objectives of this study are 1) to carry out an inventory of geographic names through crowdsourced maps, and 2) to examine the opportunities and challenges of the study of geographic names in rural areas. We observed data from crowdsourcing maps, e.g., Google Maps, Here Maps, and OpenStreetMaps that cover Giripurwo Village. We used spatial comparison in this research. We also compared its appearances on various mapping scales. A field survey was conducted to get more qualitative information about geographical names and to test the accuracy of maps. The results showed that there were differences between the crowdsource map services in presenting the geographical names at the same scale level. We face constraints in this mapping, i.e. limited accessibility in the entire region and sparsely populated in a karst region. Conversely, the high participation of rural communities is beneficial in this mapping process.
28
Jiang, Lili. "Research on Geographical Positioning of Ancient Map." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-151-2019.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The ancient map has a large span of history, diverse types and rich content. Therefore, comprehensive analysis and summarization of ancient maps and geographical location in different categories are conducive to obtaining more ideal geographical correction results. How to classify the ancient map classification suitable for geographical correction, and then carry out targeted geographic coordinate correction is the primary research content of this research. The geographic reference and geographic reference of the map are the main factors determining the geographical location of the map. Therefore, the division of the ancient map according to the presence or absence of georeferencing is a prerequisite for solving the difficulty of correcting the ancient map.</p><p>The geographic parameters of ancient maps mainly include map projection, geographic reference, map accuracy, scale and so on. In the study of ancient map geolocation, the first thing to be solved is the determination of ancient map projection and geo-reference. For maps with different mathematical foundations (projection and geo-reference), different positioning methods are used for geo-correction. Only by determining the mathematical basis, projection and geographic reference of the ancient maps that need to be located, can the corresponding projection conversion method or geographic correction method be used for map positioning. However, the mathematical basis of ancient maps is not clearly marked on the map, and even if it is marked, it is often not very accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to study the acquisition methods of mathematical parameters of ancient maps.</p><p>For different ancient canal maps, different methods are needed to determine the basis of their geolocation:</p><p>(1) Latitude and longitude</p><p>The latitude and longitude survey of the ancient canal map is based on the modern Western measurement method, through projection conversion, and the latitude and longitude map on the map. The latitude and longitude measurement map has a clear geographic reference and projection.</p><p>(2) Similar to modern latitude and longitude</p><p>This type of map does not indicate the age of production, cartographers and geo-references, or incorrectly label cartographers, geo-references or geographic benchmarks, but according to the presence or absence of latitude and longitude and latitude and longitude, the map's performance techniques, drawing characteristics, related content, etc. In addition to the reference frame of the latitude and longitude network, some maps also have geo-references for the grid, which can be used to determine whether such maps are modern latitude and longitude georeferences. There is a gap between the accuracy of such maps and the measured maps.</p><p>(3) Grid in the square</p><p>Grid in the square is an important traditional Chinese method for mapping maps. It uses a grid coordinate system of square squares. It is an auxiliary line for drawing maps on an ancient scale. The length of each square is the number of real points. Quite a scale of today's maps. The map drawn by the method of “counting in the painting” is more accurate than the predecessors and is reliable. According to this method, the map has been used for more than 500 years (from the drawing time of the trace map). According to records, this method began with the principle of "drawing six bodies" proposed by China's Jin Dynasty. The "six bodies" are the "scores", which is the current scale; the second is the "preview", which is used to determine the mutual orientation of the landforms and features; and the third is the "daoli" to determine the road between the two places. The distance is four; the fourth is "high"; the fifth is "Fang", that is, the fluctuation of the slope of the ground; the sixth is "straight", that is, the conversion of the height of the field and the distance on the map. This is a milestone in the history of maps in China. Because such maps are greatly improved in accuracy, the role in multidisciplinary fields is worth paying attention to. Moreover, such maps are often compiled with reference to a certain map, such as Huayi map, trace map, map of Yu, map of the Emperor, map of the emperor's work, and the preparation of the records of the history of the party, all based on the previous one. of. Therefore, when correcting, you can classify them into one category and consider them together.</p><p>(4) Landscape imagery</p><p>The image of the ancient canal of the landscape image painting adopts the expression of “the law of the landscape”, that is, all kinds of ground elements on both sides of the river are drawn toward the center line of the river. This type of map, because of the "reality" is very strong, the mountains and rivers are realistic and rich in color, so it has always been the mainstream painting method of the ancient rivers before the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are many types of maps, large quantities, rich map content, and extremely high historical value, but their compilation is very different from modern maps. First, the coordinate directions in ancient maps are “upper south and north”, and also “ "Upper north and lower south", mainly "upper south and north", which is different from the directional principle of the modern map "up north and south"; secondly, the use of visually intuitive painting to express features, and the use of less map symbols There is a certain proportional relationship between the positional relationship between the features, but it is quite different from the modern maps with strict mathematical foundations.</p>
29
Słomska-Przech, Katarzyna, Tomasz Panecki, and Wojciech Pokojski. "Heat Maps: Perfect Maps for Quick Reading? Comparing Usability of Heat Maps with Different Levels of Generalization." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10080562.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, due to Web 2.0 and neocartography, heat maps have become a popular map type for quick reading. Heat maps are graphical representations of geographic data density in the form of raster maps, elaborated by applying kernel density estimation with a given radius on point- or linear-input data. The aim of this study was to compare the usability of heat maps with different levels of generalization (defined by radii of 10, 20, 30, and 40 pixels) for basic map user tasks. A user study with 412 participants (16–20 years old, high school students) was carried out in order to compare heat maps that showed the same input data. The study was conducted in schools during geography or IT lessons. Objective (the correctness of the answer, response times) and subjective (response time self-assessment, task difficulty, preferences) metrics were measured. The results show that the smaller radius resulted in the higher correctness of the answers. A larger radius did not result in faster response times. The participants perceived the more generalized maps as easier to use, although this result did not match the performance metrics. Overall, we believe that heat maps, in given circumstances and appropriate design settings, can be considered an efficient method for spatial data presentation.
30
Jancewicz, Kacper, and Dorota Borowicz. "Tourist maps – definition, types and contents." Polish Cartographical Review 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcr-2017-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Tourist maps are one of the most common groups of cartographic documents. Their variety in terms of content, subject matter and publication titles is a result of growing popularity of diverse forms of tourism activity. The aim of the authors of this article is to demonstrate issues related to tourist maps, including their variety in relation to contemporary forms of tourism. As tourist maps are constantly developing, the authors decided to propose a classification of tourist maps which is adequate from the point of view of the types of maps we currently distinguish. Taking into consideration the aim and type of tourism, the maps were divided into the following sub-groups: maps for sightseeing tourism, qualified tourism, and other tourism, as well as tourist city maps, and maps prepared for promotion and advertising of tourism. The first there categories were further divided into more detailed sub-categories and each of them was described briefly in terms of its content. The classification of maps based on their scales and form of content presentation was also included. The authors attempted also to define the concept of “tourist map” itself. The authors defined it as a geographic representation of an area presented on a plane, in accordance with specific mathematical rules, which should include topographic contents, information about tourist attractions of a given area, its tourist and complementary infrastructure, presented with the help of conventional signs, in a matter appropriate for the scale of the map and its intended use. Contributing to the discussion on the place of tourist map in the general classification of maps, the article distinguishes not only general-geographic maps and thematic maps, but also orientation and navigation maps. This terms covered tourist maps, road maps, and navigation maps: sailing, sea, aerial and city maps. They consist a group of maps in which the functions they play determine their informational content and their form of cartographic presentation. However, unlike on thematic maps, where the general geographic content is merely a background for presentation of the theme-related phenomena, the geographic content is essential in case of tourist maps. It is precisely the general geographic content which is primarily responsible for communicating information which is meant to be used for orientation and navigation purposes.
31
Lang, Corey, Christopher B. Barrett, and Felix Naschold. "Targeting Maps: An Asset-Based Approach to Geographic Targeting." World Development 41 (January 2013): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.06.006.
Full text
32
Delogu, Franco, Massimiliano Palmiero, Stefano Federici, Catherine Plaisant, Haixia Zhao, and Olivetti Belardinelli. "Non-visual exploration of geographic maps: Does sonification help?" Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 5, no. 3 (April 23, 2010): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17483100903100277.
Full text
33
Chua, Alvin, and Andrew Vande Moere. "BinSq: visualizing geographic dot density patterns with gridded maps." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 44, no. 5 (April 22, 2016): 390–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2016.1174623.
Full text
34
Wise, Steve. "Scanning thematic maps for input to geographic information systems." Computers & Geosciences 21, no. 1 (February 1995): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(94)00056-z.
Full text
35
Aljojo, Nahla, Ameen Banjar, Mashael Khayyat, Basma Alharbi, Areej Alshutayri, Amani Jamal, Azida Zainol, et al. "Kids’ Atlas application to Learn about Geography and Maps." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij2020923348.
Full textAbstract:
Geography is the study of local and spatial variations in physical and human events on Earth. Studies of the world's geography have grown together with human developments and revolutions. Atlases often present geographic features and boundaries of areas; an atlas is a compilation of different Earth maps or Earth regions, such as the Middle East, and the continents of Asia, and North America. Most teachers still use classical methods of teaching. Geographical concepts and map-reading skills are the most common aspects of learning that early-stage students find challenging. Hence, the objective of this application is to develop a geography application for children between the ages of 9 and 12 years that would allow them to learn maps. Nowadays, smartphones and mobile apps are drawing closer to becoming acceptable learning tools. To facilitate this, Kids’ Atlas is an android application, the main purpose of which is to help children to learn easily and test their knowledge. The application improves learning through entertainment by adding technologies that will help children to learning geography. It captures their attention to learn by visualizing objects and allows them to interact more effectively than traditional methods teaching by visualizing the 3D items. The application intends to improve the individual’s ability to understand by providing a training section containing simple quizzes, listening/voice recognition capability, and it has the ability to search for a country by voice recognition and zooming for searched country. The methodology involves a set of software development phases, beginning with the planning; analyze data, design, implementation, testing and maintenance phases. The result of this project is a geography learning application that assists children to enjoy learning geography. The result has shown positive indicators that improve children’s ability and knowledge of geography. Learning geography also becomes enjoyable; encouraging and motivating children to continue learning. This project contributes to the growth of education in early childhood, which is essential to shape the nation for the future. Therefore, this project is significant and relevant, as it contributes to the knowledge society for Saudi Arabia.
36
Wu, Hao, and Hongguo Jia. "Extraction of knowledge on spatial distribution and spatial relationship from scanned topographic map using Convolutional Neural Networks." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-407-2019.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Topographic maps (TM) contain plenty of geographic information, such as topographic fluctuations, hydrological networks, vegetation, administrative regions, residential areas, transportation routes and facilities and other man-made features. Based on geographic information, the map knowledge extracted from topographic maps has been widely used in many research fields, such as landscape ecology, land and resources management and urbanization.</p><p>Traditional topographic maps are generally in paper-format. It is difficult to use them for the spatial or multi-temporal analysis. Thus many research work focus on the extraction of geographic information based on scanned topographic maps (STM).Most of the existing studies developed many methods and algorithms to extract the geographical information from scanned topographic maps. However, these proposed methods usually only can extract a certain kind of feature, and parameters used in these methods are needed to set manually. However, for map knowledge, e.g. spatial distribution and spatial relationship among different map features, it is difficult to effectively combine different methods to extract map knowledge. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of extracting geographic knowledge based on deep-learning, which can be object-oriented and efficiently extract geographic knowledge. This method contains three steps: 1) establishing samples for different map features; 2) using the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is suited to the image recognition (Karpathy A et al. 2014), to classify the scanned topographic map; 3) estimating the proportion of different map features on maps and describing the spatial distribution based on a grid.</p><p>The method proposed in this study has been evaluated by some scale topographic maps. The results indicate that the extraction precise of this method can reach more than 70% for water and mountain areas and can also describe the spatial distribution for the features with larger map areas.</p>
37
Borisov, Mirko, Stevan Radojcic, and Vesna Ikonovic. "The new cartographic projects in the Military Geographical Institute." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 90, no. 3 (2010): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1003207b.
Full textAbstract:
This paper gives an overview and some details about a few new projects in area of digital cartography production of Military Geographical Institute. The maps are presented at scales 1:25.000, 1.250.000, 1:300.000 and 1:1.000.000. All of them are made in order to satisfy rigorous criterion of Serbian Armed Forces, as a main user of those maps. Those are the first digital topographic, overview topographic and geographic maps in Serbia, too.
38
Todd, Stella W. "Impressionist Landscape Cartography." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-114-2018.
Full textAbstract:
Cartography helps to show us the world in which we reside by providing us a framework to explore space. We can select myriad themes to represent what is relevant to our lives: physical characteristics, human behaviors, hazards, opportunities. Themes are represented on a continuum between real-world images and pure abstractions. How we define cartography and what we expect from it changes with society and technology. We are now inundated with data but we still struggle with expressing our personal geographic experiences through cartography. In this age of information we have become more cognizant of our individual experience of place and our need to determine our own paths and therefore create our own maps. In order to reflect our journey we can add individual details to cartographic products or generalize information to concentrate on what is meaningful to us. Since time and space are interrelated we experience geography by viewing the landscape as changing scenes over time. This experience is both spatial and temporal since we experience geography by moving through space. Experiencing each scene is a separate event. This paper expands the personalization of maps to include our impressions of the travel experience. Rather than add art to cartography it provides geographic reference to art. It explores the use of a series of quick sketches drawn while traveling along roads using a single drawing pad to produce a time series of interpreted landscapes. With the use of geographic time stamps from global positioning systems these sketches are converted from a drawing to a map documenting the path of movement. Although the map scale varies between sketch entries each scene impression can be linked to one or more maps of consistent scale. The result is an artistic piece that expresses a dynamic geographic experience that can be viewed in conjunction with more traditional maps. Unlike mental maps which are constructed from memory, these maps reflect our direct impressions of the landscape. The use of art can help us convey our experience.
39
Knowles, Anne Kelly. "A Case for Teaching Geographic Visualization without GIS." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 36 (June 1, 2000): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp36.823.
Full textAbstract:
This article argues for the value of teaching geographic visualization to non-geography majors by having them make maps manually, using punched mylar, colored pencils, and light tables instead of computerbased geographic information systems or mapping programs. The essay contrasts the experiences of attempting to teach principles of geographic visualization using ArcView GIS in an introductory human geography course and using manual methods in an upper-level research methods course in history. Several conclusions emerge: (1) using manual methods to visualize spatial information quickly gets students thinking geographically; (2) the ease of learning the fundamental concepts and techniques of geographic visualization using manual methods makes it possible to integrate visualization into courses outside the discipline of geography; (3) geographic visualization can tremendously enrich the study of history, prompting students to think in ways they might not otherwise; and (4) teaching visualization with mylar has distinct advantages for history courses because physical map layers reinforce the notion that places are palimpsests of change. Manual methods make it possible to teach geographic visualization at colleges and universities that have no geography department or GIS courses. Their use should be encouraged as an adaptable, inexpensive, effective way to promote geographic learning and geographic literacy in U.S. higher education.
40
Yamamoto, Hajime. "Aerial Surveys and Geographic Information in Modern China." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-414-2019.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Today when online satellite images are just a click away, access to geographic information showing the latest images of the globe has dramatically expanded, and historico-geographic research based on such information is flourishing. However, in the study of Chinese history, historical research employing GIS or similar technologies is still in its infancy, since “historical” geographic information with a high degree of precision are lacking. From within the ambit of Chinese geographic information, this report specifically highlights aerial surveys effected during the Republic of China era. To start, we review the history of domestic aerial surveys during R. O. C. period. Then, focusing on Nanjing as an example, we proceed to introduce maps that were actually created based on aerial surveys.</p><p>Chinese aerial surveys date back to around 1930. At the Nationalist Party’s General Assembly in 1929, partisans proposed for the need for aerial surveys. In 1930, the “Aerial Photography and Survey Research Team” was formed within the General Land Survey Department at General Staff Headquarters (National Army of the Republic of China). Consequently, foreign technicians were invited to provide relevant education/training. In June 1931, China’s pioneer initiative in aerial photography took place in Zhejiang province. The aim of aerial surveys in those early days was to create maps for military purposes. Between 1932 and 1939, topographic maps of fortifications located in areas such as the Jiangnan district were prepared. Further, starting from around the same period until the Sino-Japanese War, land registry maps based on aerial surveys were also produced. After the Sino-Japanese War ended, the above-mentioned directorate handed over responsibility for aerial surveys to the Naval General Staff. However, in 1949 the Chinese Communist Party confiscated the maps theretofore produced.</p><p>Although the aerial photographs and the geographic information produced therefrom during the R. O. C. era were seized by the People’s Republic of China, in actuality, some had previously been transferred to Taiwan. The topographic maps of the Nanjing metropolitan area (一萬分一南京城廂附近圖), based on aerial surveys and drawn in 1932, are currently archived at Academia Historica in Taipei. Comprising a total of 16 sheets, these maps were drawn on a scale of 1:10,000 by the General Land Survey Department.</p><p>Similarly, other maps (各省分幅地形圖) produced by the General Land Survey Department, comprising a total of 56 sheets and partly detailing Nanjing, are now in the possession of Academia Sinica in Taipei. There was no information about photographing or making in these maps. But almost the same maps were archived at Library of Congress in Washington D. C. According to those maps at LC, based on aerial photographs taken and surveys conducted in 1933, these topographic maps (1:10,000 scale) were completed in 1936.</p><p>The examples introduced above are topographic maps based on aerial photography. However, starting in 1937, land registry maps were also created. Detailing the outskirts of Nanjing (1:1,000 scale) and comprising a total of 121 sheets, they are now archived at Academia Historica. While the land registry maps were produced in 1937, supplementary surveys were effected following the Sino-Japanese War in 1947.</p><p>Since the geographic information based on aerial surveys during the R. O. C. era in China were precise, they can serve as a source of manifold information. This report only delved into information developed by the Government of the R. O. C., but it is becoming evident that U. S. Armed Forces and Japan also produced geographic information of their own based on aerial surveys. If the comprehensive panorama captured by all three protagonists can be illuminated, further advances in Chinese historico-geographic studies employing geographic information will be forthcoming.</p>
41
Jiang, Bingchuan, Liheng Tan, Yan Ren, and Feng Li. "Intelligent Interaction with Virtual Geographical Environments Based on Geographic Knowledge Graph." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 10 (September 24, 2019): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8100428.
Full textAbstract:
The core of intelligent virtual geographical environments (VGEs) is the formal expression of geographic knowledge. Its purpose is to transform the data, information, and scenes of a virtual geographic environment into “knowledge” that can be recognized by computer, so that the computer can understand the virtual geographic environment more easily. A geographic knowledge graph (GeoKG) is a large-scale semantic web that stores geographical knowledge in a structured form. Based on a geographic knowledge base and a geospatial database, intelligent interactions with virtual geographical environments can be realized by natural language question answering, entity links, and so on. In this paper, a knowledge-enhanced Virtual geographical environments service framework is proposed. We construct a multi-level semantic parsing model and an enhanced GeoKG for structured geographic information data, such as digital maps, 3D virtual scenes, and unstructured information data. Based on the GeoKG, we propose a bilateral LSTM-CRF (long short-term memory- conditional random field) model to achieve natural language question answering for VGEs and conduct experiments on the method. The results prove that the method of intelligent interaction based on the knowledge graph can bridge the distance between people and virtual environments.
42
Prawiro, Radius, and Azrai Sirait. "MENERAPKAN APLIKASI GIS UNTUK MENGETAHUI LOKASI DAN KEBUTUHAN SEKOLAH (Studi Kasus di Dinas Pendidikan Mukomuko)." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI 2, no. 1 (December 7, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36294/jurti.v2i1.413.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract - The content of this study is the construction of a Geographic Information System. The development of this Geographic Information System is expected to help the Education Office to record school needs displayed in the form of maps. In addition, it helps the community to know the location and needs of the school. This Geographic Information System is displayed in a web form so that everyone can access it. In building this Geographic Information System, the author uses google maps to determine coordinates. This coordinate point is the latitude and longitude points found on google maps. Using these coordinates, you will get the school location. Latitude and longitude values will be stored in the MySQL database and will be called using PHP programming. This Geographic Information System can run locally, namely using a local server such as XAMPP, provided that it must be connected to the internet. Geographic Information System Design uses UML modeling consisting of usecase, activity diagrams, class diagrams, sequential diagrams, statechart diagrams, package diagrams, component diagrams, deployment diagrams, and collaboration diagrams. Keywords - Geographic Information Systems, Google Maps, Latitude, Longitude, UML
43
Shehu, Agim, Ferim Gashi, and Pal Nikolli. "Trying to Identify some Ancient Residences in Albania through Old Maps." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 3 (May 10, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0045.
Full textAbstract:
This paper attempts to identify ancient settlements in Albania by cartographic methods by elaborating geographical coordinates obtained from Ptolemy's work. The results of the paper are of interest for archeology, history, geography, geodesy, photogrammetry etc. The problem addressed is not simple, as for some settlements, different literature sources give different values of geographical coordinates. In this context, those geographic coordinate systems that best deal with the real position of these settlements are selected. Thus, for example, the longitude (L) of Ohrid (which serves as a support point), in some sources is given the value L1 = 46040 ', while in later sources it is given the value L2 = 470 40'. The calculations are performed for both cases of this longitude, but greater certainty is given when L2 = 47040 'is obtained, because the geographical longitude of Skopje (Scupi with L = 48030'), Prishtina (Ulpiana, with L = 48040 '), Peja (Siparantum, with L = 46030'), etc., are closer to reality than L = 46040 ', according to which Ohrid appears to be highly displaced to the west, in relation to the aforementioned sites (pic. 2.1). Consequently, settlements located in and near the Apollo - Orikum-Ohrid triangle are identified with other sites (as noted in the following statements). All of these anomalies and others such as these have been handled carefully and according to a logical rationale for the material being processed, taking into account all factors that positively impact the settlement identification process.
44
Mehler, Alexander, Rüdiger Gleim, Regina Gaitsch, Wahed Hemati, and Tolga Uslu. "From Topic Networks to Distributed Cognitive Maps: Zipfian Topic Universes in the Area of Volunteered Geographic Information." Complexity 2020 (April 27, 2020): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4607025.
Full textAbstract:
Are nearby places (e.g., cities) described by related words? In this article, we transfer this research question in the field of lexical encoding of geographic information onto the level of intertextuality. To this end, we explore Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) to model texts addressing places at the level of cities or regions with the help of so-called topic networks. This is done to examine how language encodes and networks geographic information on the aboutness level of texts. Our hypothesis is that the networked thematizations of places are similar, regardless of their distances and the underlying communities of authors. To investigate this, we introduce Multiplex Topic Networks (MTN), which we automatically derive from Linguistic Multilayer Networks (LMN) as a novel model, especially of thematic networking in text corpora. Our study shows a Zipfian organization of the thematic universe in which geographical places (especially cities) are located in online communication. We interpret this finding in the context of cognitive maps, a notion which we extend by so-called thematic maps. According to our interpretation of this finding, the organization of thematic maps as part of cognitive maps results from a tendency of authors to generate shareable content that ensures the continued existence of the underlying media. We test our hypothesis by example of special wikis and extracts of Wikipedia. In this way, we come to the conclusion that geographical places, whether close to each other or not, are located in neighboring semantic places that span similar subnetworks in the topic universe.
45
Sievers, Jörn, and Heinz Bennat. "Reference systems of maps and geographic information systems of Antarctica." Antarctic Science 1, no. 4 (December 1989): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102089000532.
Full textAbstract:
The necessity for uniform reference systems for conventional maps (analogue) and geographic information systems (digital) is discussed. It is recommended that the following scales and projections are used for Antarctic maps: general maps at scales smaller than 1:1 000 000 should use a stereographic projection. Maps up to a scale of 1:1 000 000 should be compiled according to the specifications of the International Map of the World (IMW) 1:1 000 000. Ellipsoids are used as reference surfaces for the various map projections. Differences of the ellipsoidal parameters of the WGS72 and WGS84 systems have to be considered if accuracies better than 10 m are required. Geographic information systems may store data in vector or raster format and in geographic or in geodetic coordinates. For a raster format which is referred to the geographic (spheroidal) grid the term of ‘geographic raster’ is introduced, in contrast to the ‘geodetic raster’ which is referred to a plane cartesian coordinate system. The Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie (IfAG) is establishing the ‘Geocoded Information System Antarctica’ (GIA) using digital satellite image recordings. Internal storage of data in the GIA is in the form of the geodetic raster (and not by spheroidal coordinates). For the scale range 1:250 000 to 1:1 000 000 the size of the raster element is 60 m × 60 m. For smaller scales, satellite image data of a raster width of 240 m × 240 m are preferred.‘All cartographers' trouble began with the abolition of the flat-Earth theory ’
46
Elchaninov, A. I. "Russian geographical names on the map of Аntarctica as a cultural heritage site. To the 200th anniversary of the discovery of Antarctica." Geodesy and Cartography 957, no. 3 (April 20, 2020): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2020-957-3-54-64.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the discovery of the Antarctic by Russian navigators, the study, mapping and designation of its shores and adjacent islands. Russian names were given to many new found geographic features. The list of some Russian geographical names is shown on the map of Antarctica. The maps of the Bellingshausen–Lazarev sailing expedition in 1819–1821 are given; the Russian geographical names are highlighted on them. The article is also devoted to the first Russian Antarctic expedition of 1819–1821, the discovery of the Antarctic by Russian navigators F. F. Bellingshausen and M. P. Lazarev on the sloops "Vostok" and "Mirny", the study, mapping and marking of its shores and adjacent Islands. The expedition discovered 29 Islands. The discoverers assigned Russian names to many of new found geographic objects of Antarctica. These names are highlighted in the article. The following maps are presented
47
Nicolaysen, Anna, Tom Stopka, Merrill Singer, and Claudia Santelices. "The Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Community-Based Health Research." Practicing Anthropology 25, no. 3 (July 1, 2003): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.25.3.nn80718425234424.
Full textAbstract:
Maps have been used for thousands of years to present and analyze geographic information. One of the most famous and earliest cases of geography and maps being utilized for public health surveillance is the physician John Snow's mapping of cholera in London in the mid-1850s to understand the spread of the disease. By plotting the distribution of cholera deaths in the city on a map, he determined that an unusually high number of deaths were taking place near a specific water pump. Following this finding the pump's handle was removed and the number of cholera deaths dramatically decreased. Since then maps in various forms have helped locate and identify various disease patterns. Recent advances in information technology have resulted in the development of computerized mapping methodologies such as geographic information systems (GIS). A growing number of anthropologists, including researchers at the Hispanic Health Council, have recognized the potential value of GIS for the kinds of work we do and incorporate this methodology.
48
Mohamed, Ali Karim, Mahmoud Mohammed Al-Shammari, and Ali Jabbar Abdullah. "Study of Model Climate Maps Using Geographic Information System (G.I.S)." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 1 (2019): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.00058.5.
Full text
49
Brown, Patrick,E. "Maps, Coordinate Reference Systems and Visualising Geographic Data with mapmisc." R Journal 8, no. 1 (2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32614/rj-2016-005.
Full text
50
Krupochkin, Ye P. "A Geographic Informational Approach to the Compilation of Slope Maps." Mapping Sciences and Remote Sensing 40, no. 1 (March 2003): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0749-3878.40.1.60.
Full text