Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geographical indications

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Geographical indications'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Acharya, N. K. "Geographical Indications." SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A worldwide window on MSME Studies 29, no. 3 (September 2002): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0970846420020305.

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Pratitis, Sugih Ayu. "Peranan Pemerintah Dalam Meningkatkan Produk Indikasi Geografis di Indonesia." Jurnal Perspektif Hukum 2, no. 2 (October 22, 2021): 264–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35447/jph.v2i2.433.

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In addition to the role of government entrepreneurs optimally, proper preparation of human resources is needed. The right human resources will greatly assist in the development of potential geographic indications in Indonesia. As a field of law that is not yet popular among practitioners, academics, and the public, counseling about geographical indications is very important. Academics do not understand and understand about IPR and moreover about geographical indications. Because geographical indication is a new thing in Indonesia. Understanding of geographical indications is new in Indonesia. Understanding of geographical indications requires socialization to prevent violations of these geographical indications. The government's role in increasing geographical indication products in Indonesia is through the government's efforts to increase the utilization of geographical indication products in Indonesia, namely by maximizing the utilization of geographical indications where in this case the government is represented by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (Depperindag), namely by providing guidance and conducting searches and collecting data and forming cross-departmental collaborations that are relevant nationally and internationally. To resolve the unlawful abuse of geographical indications in Indonesia, the government can make its own provisions in the Geographical Indication Law or add articles in the trademark law which explicitly regulates the legal protection of geographical indications which refers to the Monopoly and competition Law. unhealthy business, for fake and misleading goods.
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Caenegem, William. "Registered Geographical Indications." Journal of World Intellectual Property 6, no. 5 (November 1, 2005): 699–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2003.tb00237.x.

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Caenegem, William. "Registered Geographical Indications." Journal of World Intellectual Property 6, no. 6 (November 1, 2005): 861–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2003.tb00246.x.

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Andi Kurniawati, Qaiatul Muallima, and Aso Alfian Nur. "THE POTENTIAL OF PROTECTING GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS OF KAHAYYA COFFEE TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMY OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES." Awang Long Law Review 5, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56301/awl.v5i1.556.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of Kahayya coffee so that it can be registered through a geographic indication protection system in order to improve the economy of the local community. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews and literature study. Then analyzed using descriptive-qualitative technique. The results showed that kahayya coffee has the potential to obtain geographic indication protection because it has the reputation, quality and characteristics required in the protection of geographical indications. Protection of Geographical Indications can improve the economy of local communities and local governments, this can be seen from previous products that have registered geographical indications.
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Sahin, Guven. "Importance of the Geographical Indications and Geographical Indications of Vize (Kırklareli)." Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute 2013, no. 15 (2013): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/pausbed.2013.88597.

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Monteverde, P. "Enforcement of geographical indications." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 7, no. 4 (March 13, 2012): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jps014.

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Bullbrook, Jane. "Geographical Indications within Gatt." Journal of World Intellectual Property 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 501–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2004.tb00217.x.

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Marie-Vivien, Delphine, Aurélie Carimentrand, Stéphane Fournier, Claire Cerdan, and Denis Sautier. "Controversies around geographical indications." British Food Journal 121, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 2995–3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2019-0242.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to advance our understanding of the links between the representativeness of the local community by those drafting and elaborating the specification of the geographical indication (GI), the market access and the use of the GI. Design/methodology/approach The present study followed a comparative research design, building upon primary data from the field works dealing with the elaboration and development of GIs worldwide, from legislations on the protection of GIs and from secondary data, i.e. literature dealing with the elaboration of the GI specifications at case level or national/international level. Findings The GI is permeable to a multitude of objectives and the management of controversies represent the “price of participatory democracy”, which still needs to be under the umbrella of the justice of peace, the State authority. Representativeness does not necessarily conduct to equity and fairness. It depends on the heterogeneity of the value chain, which might lead to the dilution of the GI specificity. Mandatory membership might not be always the best option Transparency to guarantee the producer’s group works for the common good is essential. Originality/value The controversies in the elaboration of the GI product specification are directly induced by the controversies in the management of the GI either by the collective organisation of producers or by the public authority. Issues such as representativeness, mandatory membership, transparency and heterogeneity of the value chain are deeply analysed to understand the functioning of GI producers associations and their limits. The state intervention as justice of the peace appears necessary.
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Prabowo, M. Shidqon. "Community Empowerment through Optimization of Geographic Indication (A Study on Local Products in Tambakroto Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency )." Journal of Private and Commercial Law 3, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v3i1.17748.

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Geographical Indication is a sign used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and has the quality or reputation is based on place of origin. In general, Geographical Indications is the name of the place of origin of such goods. Agricultural products typically have qualities that are formed from the place of production and are influenced by local factors are specific, such as climate and soil. Sub Tambakroto Sayung is one of the District in the city of Demak, which has the potential to geographical indications. The potential of geographical indications which are owned by the city of Demak District Tanbakroto Sayung have the geographic conditions, natural resources, agricultural products, crops and cultural traditions. The problem in this research are: 1). Potential geographical indication of what is owned by the District of Demak TambakrotoSayung? 2). What policies adopted to improve the welfare of society through excellence geographical indications in the District of Demak Tambakroto Sayung? This study aims to: 1). Register geographical indications advantages possessed by Tambakroto Sayung District of Demak, 2). Knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors in empowering excellence Tambakroto Sayung geographical indications in the District of Demak, 3). Produce a model of community empowerment based on the superiority of geographical indications in the DistrictTambakroto Demak.This research was carried out by empirical methods juridical approach. The specifications used in this research is descriptive analysis. The location of this research is in DistrictTambakroto sayung Demak. The research data collected by way of interviews, documentation and direct observations in the field.The results of this study is the potential for geographical indications which are owned by the District Sayung the fruit tempe and lontong fruit. Sub Tambakroto Sayung has advantages over other regions in wilyah city of Demak. Excellence is the product of geographical indication in the form of fruit tempe and lontong fruit known by the name of the tempe and lontong tambakroto. Potential is the potential for geographical indications that have long existed in the district since Tambakroto But this time the potential was nearly extinct where the biggest factor is masyarat nor the relevant local government is not keeping well and not doing it continuously for the potential development of geographical indication. Development and empowerment are preferred to be done in maintaining the geographical indication products Tambakroto District. After that application was made for the protection of geographical indication products. Steps are still far to be done but it is not impossible to do. District policy has not led to concrete Tambakrotoin pengupayaaan, empowerment and development of products of geographical indication Tambakroto District. Initial thing to do is perform on the public understanding of the meaning of Sub Tambakroto importance of geographical indication of products that have been owned by the community such Tambakroto District. Geographical indication of products that have been developed and empowered as optimal as possible will support the welfare of the people own Tambakroto District. Keywords: Community Empowerment, Geographical Indications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Gangjee, Dev. "(Re)locating geographical indications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491398.

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This project is organised around the response to a single Thesis Question; If a product bears the place name "X" but does not in fact originate there, when does and when should this contravene principles of intellectual property law? Effectively, when does and when should this branch of the law prohibit the use of 'Californian Champagne'? Responses to this question have emerged over the course of a century of contentious international debates concerning the protection of Geographical Indications (GIs). The project first seeks to locate historical responses to this question within their broader context. The principal set of responses is provided by the law of unfair competition, with its prohibition of conduct which either misleads consumers or results In the misappropriation goodwill.
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Zappalaglio, Andrea. "The why of geographical indications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d7124003-81b5-4d7b-8c27-eba29c8a3d24.

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This thesis explores the historical evolution of the nature of the link between a product and its place of origin in the European sui generis systems of GI protection, with a specific focus on the EU Regulation 1151/2012 on Geographical Indications for the protection of agricultural products and foodstuffs. It concludes that this link has substantively changed, since the 1930s, when some early forms of sui generis GI systems were introduced in southern Europe, especially in France and Italy. While these regimes were based exclusively on the concept of terroir, a cipher for the physical link between a product and a place, an empirical analysis carried out in the present work reveals that, today, the history of the product and of its method of production is, statistically, the predominant linking factor. Furthermore, the research shows that the historical link is almost always mentioned in the specifications of EU GI products, when protected both by Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) or Protected Geographical Indications (PGI), which are the two quality schemes provided by EU Law. In particular, the terroir element, which characterises PDOs, also appears frequently in PGI specifications, where it should be superfluous, thus suggesting that the differences between these two quality schemes are unclear. Finally, the emergence of the historical element confirms that GIs can contribute to the protection of products that are linked to a geographical area not by physical and environmental factors, but by the socio-cultural traditions of a specific place. Although history can constitute a valid product/link, however, it must be used with caution, as it can be mystified and reconstructed in an arbitrary and unfounded way. This is dangerous, because it can turn GIs into a mere marketing tool, thus damaging the origin function that distinguishes them from the broad family of quality labels.
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Kisuule, Yvonne Alexandra. "Least developed countries and geographical indications: how can Uganda position itself to benefit from geographical indications?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15214.

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The primary objective of this thesis is to determine how Uganda can optimally benefit from geographical indications. This objective is achieved by focusing on the current negotiations at the World Trade Organization concerning geographical indications. The main issues in contention are the extension of a higher level of protection to other products, besides wines and spirits, and the establishment of a multilateral register for wines and spirits. In the discussion of these issues, each proposal is examined in light of Uganda's interests. The thesis also focuses on how geographical indications can be turned into development tools at the national level. It considers Uganda's legislation, the Geographical Indications Act 8 of 2013, and highlights the provisions that might deter the establishment of a successful geographical indications system in the country. The thesis then identifies other factors that Uganda must address in order for geographical indications to become development tools. It is concluded that in order to establish a successful geographical indications system, Uganda needs to continue its support for the Modalities Proposal in the international negotiations. Furthermore, at the national level, there are various factors that must be addressed, beyond the law, before geographical indications can become development tools, and these include the formation of producer organisations, marketing strategies and the sensitisation of stakeholders.
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Nizam-Bilgic, Derya. "Geographical indications in commodity chain analysis: policy and resource rents." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13301.

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New challenges have arisen in the protection of geographical indications (GIs), in terms of both global policy harmonization, and the achievement of more egalitarian agricultural societies. This study compares policy rents (characteristics of the GI process) and resource rents (crop characteristics) to analyze the potential of GIs in sustaining rural livelihoods in a setting where agriculture is homogenized, but discontinuous and partially industrialized. Case studies of GIs from Turkey’s Aegean Region are presented, using the disarticulation approach of commodity chain analysis. Data are drawn from 56 field interviews and 150 survey interviews with actual producers and professionals from local institutions in Western Turkey. The agro-exceptionalist perspective helps to identify the differential rates of capitalist penetration in the agro-food sector and the potential of GI systems, to delink commodity chains from the extra-territorial lead firms by linking local products to their geography and culture. Research findings show that the potential for GIs to stave off the appropriation/substitution mechanisms of agro-industry is contingent upon the particular local governance mechanisms in place. Establishing the kind of qualitative, place-based rents that successful GIs require for certain goods is especially difficult, however, precisely because these rents tend to easily fall into the appropriation/substitution agro-industry machine.
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Diallo, Aliou Baguissa. "Evaluation of the economic impact of geographical indications : three case studies." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD003/document.

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Cette thèse évalue l'impact économique des politiques de qualité liée à l'origine en mobilisant des méthodes d'évaluation que nous adaptons à la spécificité des démarches de certification, notamment à leur dimension spatiale. Dans un premier temps, nous analysons l'effet de l'adoption d’une Appellation d’Origine Protégée (AOP) sur le prix ainsi que sur les coûts de production des producteurs de lait AOP en Franche-Comté, en exploitant la discontinuité géographique à la frontière (Geographic Regression Discontinuity). Dans un second temps, nous utilisons les méthodes d'appariement statistique pour analyser les hétérogénéités régionales en termes de prix et de coûts de production entre les régions Auvergne, Rhône-Alpes et Franche-Comté avant de nous intéresser aux effets à une échelle nationale. Enfin, nous évaluons l'effet de l'adoption d'une Indication Géographique Protégée (IGP) sur les prix payés aux producteurs de Café de Colombie à l'aide des méthodes comparatives (synthetic control methods). En moyenne, les résultats montrent un effet positif de l'adoption de l'indication géographique sur la performance économique des exploitations. Cependant, cet effet est hétérogène entre les filières et les régions d'origine des produits
This thesis evaluates the economic impact of quality-related-to-origin policies using evaluation methods adapted to the specificity of such certifications, in particular, the spatial dimension. First, we analyze the effect of a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) adoption on price and production costs of PDO milk producers in Franche-Comté using a Geographic Regression Discontinuity (GRD) design. Secondly, we use propensity matching methods to analyze regional heterogeneity in Auvergne, Rhône-Alpes, and Franche-Comté before focusing on the effect of the PDO adoption at a national level. Finally, we evaluate the effect of the adoption of a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) on prices paid to Colombian coffee producers using synthetic control methods. Overall, we find that PDO and/or PGI adoption is associated with positive effects on farmers' economic performances. However, these effects are not homogeneously distributed
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Specia, Monica <1995&gt. "The protection of trademarks and geographical indications in the wine sector." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16063.

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The aim of this work is to analyse the role that trademarks and geographical indications, as intellectual property rights, play in the wine industry. After a description of their national, international and European legal framework, their registration procedures and their own peculiarities, a comparison is made based on the protection that the two different tools are able to guarantee. In particular, the relationships between collective marks and geographical indications are identified. Finally, the problem of infringement which strongly affects the wine sector is highlighted through some numerical data and the examination of a concrete case concerning the Ferrari trademark in China. This helps to understand how in some countries Italian wine products can be difficult to defend.
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Petrone, Teresa <1995&gt. "The EU-China Agreement on Geographical Indications: main features and implications." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20390.

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The global diffusion of a food culture increasingly attentive to the quality and authenticity of products has been reflected in recent years in the growing market demand for typical products linked to the culture and traditions of particular places, and therefore for products with geographical indications. Considered important intellectual property rights, geographical indications have been subject to a regulatory process in which the European Union has been the first to develop a sui generis protection regime. For years engaged in the project of enhancing and protecting geographical indications, the EU has been seeking to conclude bilateral cooperation agreements with third countries in order to give further impetus to this project. In this context, cooperation has developed with China which, like Europe, enjoys a sophisticated food culture that includes a huge variety of quality GI products. The collaboration initiated in 2010 led to the two parties signing an agreement on cooperation and protection of geographical indications. Considered to be the first important bilateral trade agreement between the two powers, since its entry into force on 1 March 2021 it has already made its first effects felt, bringing economic and social benefits within the territories of the two parties. Through a careful analysis and comparison of existing GI protection regimes at international level and of the main legislative interventions on GIs, with particular reference to the European and Chinese legislative systems, the present work aims to analyse the bases and main motivations that led China and Europe to collaborate in this historically important project. By examining the contents and characteristics of the agreement, this paper then aims to investigate what is the impact of the agreement and what are the main implications and benefits it brings. In particular, through a brief case study, the work attempts to examine in more detail the relevance of the agreement for the Italian Mozzarella di Bufala Campana PDO supply chain in its process of affirmation within the Chinese market.
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Song, Xinzhe. "Geographical Indications : the Transplantation of the French/European Sui Generis Systems in China." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10036/document.

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Dans le cadre du débat sur la protection des indications géographiques (le choix entre système sui generis et système des marques), cette thèse vise à approfondir la réflexion sur le type de régime approprié aux besoins de la Chine. La question se pose : s'il est vrai que le système français et européen de protection sui generis des IG se base sur la notion de terroir, pourquoi ce type de protection a reçu un accueil assez froid de la part du gouvernement chinois, malgré le très grand nombre de « produits de terroir » qui se trouve dans ce pays ? Cette question nous amène à retracer l’histoire de l’émergence du système sui generis en Europe et sa transposition en Chine, à démontrer dans quelle mesure cette approche est appliquée en Chine, à illustrer le revers subi par la transposition, à analyser les raisons sous-jacentes à cet échec, et, enfin, à réfléchir aux options quant à l'avenir du système des IG en Chine. Nous proposons dès lors de réformer la législation chinoise, en privilégiant la protection sui generis, et en diminuant le rôle du système des marques dans la reconnaissance et la gestion des IG
In the context of the debate on approach towards geographical indication protection (the choice between sui generis or trademark regime), this thesis aims to deepen the reflection on what approach is needed for China. It asks one question: if it is true that the concept of terroir underpins the French and European sui generis regime of GIs, why does the sui generis regime, when transplanted in China, gets only a cold reception, despite of the fact that China is endowed with a large number of products with a strong tradition and anchored in the terroir of their place of origin? This question leads us to: retrace the history of how the notion of GIs, along with the sui generis laws governing them, emerged in Europe and was transplanted to China; demonstrate the extent to which the European approach is adopted in China, through conducting a comparative study of the laws in France, the EU and China; show the setback that the transplanted sui generis regime has suffered; analyze the reasons leading to this setback; and finally, loot at the option of the future of China’s sui generis regime. Our suggestion is that the status quo of the sui generis regime needs changing. China should give clear preference to the sui generis regime, as opposed to the regime of collective and certification marks
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Grant, Cerkia. "Geographical indications and agricultural products investigating their relevance in a South African context /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02122007-173415.

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Wang, Szu-Yuan. "Geographical indications as intellectual property : in search of explanations of Taiwan's GI conundrum." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1869.

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Taiwan is facing a GI conundrum, symptoms of which are conceptual confusion between GIs and trademarks, the perennial overhaul of the GI registration system and the structural collapse between IP and non-IP law. Taiwan’s situation epitomises the inherent difficulty of accommodating GIs under the general framework of IP. IP is a generic title for patents, copyright, and trademarks and so forth. There are two characteristics shared by the various forms of IP, namely, the intangibility of subject matter and the negativity of the rights granted. IP is a form of government intervention in the economy designed to correct market failures. While patents and copyright are designed to overcome the public good problem, the justification for trademarks involves information asymmetry. Taking a doctrinal, international and comparative approach and using economic theory, the thesis analyses the difficulties of accommodating GIs under the IP framework as manifested in the TRIPS Agreement, which establishes GIs as a form of IP, and its two implementing paradigms, namely, the US trademark paradigm and the EU sui generis paradigm. The TRIPS GI provisions are anomalous in the IP framework. The US paradigm represents efforts to subsume GIs under existing trademark law. These efforts result in theoretical uncertainties because of the inherent incompatibility between the concept of GIs and trademarks. The EU paradigm establishes GIs as a separate category of IP, which represents a deviation from established IP system.
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Books on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Geographical indications. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2015.

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Commission, European, ed. TRIPs agreement: Geographical indications. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2000.

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MVIRDC World Trade Centre, Bombay, ed. Geographical indications, its evolving contours. Mumbai: MVIRDC World Trade Centre, 2009.

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O'Connor, Bernard. The law of geographical indications. London: Cameron May Ltd., 2004.

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Augustin-Jean, Louis, Hélène Ilbert, and Neantro Saavedra-Rivano, eds. Geographical Indications and International Agricultural Trade. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137031907.

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Bramley, Cerkia, Estelle Bienabe, and Johann Kirsten, eds. Developing Geographical Indications in the South. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6748-5.

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WTO, TRIPS, and geographical indications (GIs). New Delhi, India: New Century Publications, 2014.

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Relocating the law of geographical indications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Mantrov, Vadim. EU Law on Indications of Geographical Origin. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05690-6.

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Das, Kasturi. Geographical indications at the WTO: An unfinished agenda. New Delhi: Research and Information System for Developing Countries, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Ricolfi, Marco. "Geographical Indications." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 942–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7753-2_192.

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Ricolfi, Marco. "Geographical Indications." In Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_192-1.

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Marsoof, Althaf, Kanchana Kariyawasam, and Chamila Talagala. "Geographical Indications." In International Law and the Global South, 169–202. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4582-3_6.

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Kapur, Anu. "The Geographical Indications Act." In Routledge Readings on Law and Social Justice, 364–80. London: Routledge India, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003299554-18.

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Buch, Nidhi, and Hetvi Trivedi. "Geographical Indications as intellectual property." In Geographical Indications of Indian Handlooms, 9–36. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003002147-2.

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Saavedra-Rivano, Neantro. "Geographical Indications and International Trade." In Geographical Indications and International Agricultural Trade, 19–33. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137031907_2.

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Borghini, Andrea. "Geographical Indications, Food, and Culture." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_302-1.

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Borghini, Andrea. "Geographical Indications, Food, and Culture." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1115–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0929-4_302.

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Nilayangode, Preetha, G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair, K. P. Laladhas, and Oommen V. Oommen. "Geographical Indications and Sustainable Livelihood." In Environmental Challenges and Solutions, 225–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42162-9_14.

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Borghini, Andrea. "Geographical Indications, Food, and Culture." In Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics, 1441–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1179-9_302.

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Conference papers on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Lv, Suyv. "Protection of Geographical Indications in China." In 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2008.2089.

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Keyi, Zhang. "An Analysis on Right Boundary of Geographical Indications." In 2020 5th International Conference on Humanities Science and Society Development (ICHSSD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200727.058.

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Pajrin, Rani, Jamal Wiwoho, Moch Imanullah, and Pujiyono Pujiyono. "Legal Protection of Geographical Indications in Indonesia from the Perspective of UU Number 20, 2016 concerning the Trademarks and Geographical Indications." In Proceedings of the 1st Tidar International Conference on Advancing Local Wisdom Towards Global Megatrends, TIC 2020, 21-22 October 2020, Magelang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-10-2020.2311867.

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Shalihah, Fithriatus, and Deslaely Putranti. "Legal Protection Towards Geographical Indication of Meranti Liberika Coffee According to Law Number 20 of 2016 on Trademarks and Geographical Indications." In The 2nd International Conference of Law, Government and Social Justice (ICOLGAS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.285.

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Lu, Suyu. "The Conflicts of Geographical Indications between Mainland China and Taiwan." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5997941.

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Liu, Haiyan. "Study on the Brand Construction of Agricultural Products Geographical Indications." In 2017 3rd International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (ESSAEME 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-17.2017.445.

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Simanjuntak, Yoan Nursari. "Protection of Geographical Indications: Role of local governments and communities." In Proceedings of the Social and Humaniora Research Symposium (SoRes 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sores-18.2019.139.

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Fanny Kusumaningtyas, Rindia, Sang Ayu Putu Rahayu, and Aditya Wibowo. "Mineral Stone as a Natural Resource in the Protection of Geographical Indications Based on Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icils-19.2019.9.

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Wesna, Putu Ayu, I. Wayan Wesna Astara, and Desak Dwi Arini. "Legal Protection of Geographical Indications of Natural Products Native to the Bali Region Based on Law Number 20 Year 2016 about Trademark and Geographical Indications." In Proceedings of the 1st Warmadewa International Conference on Science, Technology and Humanity, WICSTH 2021, 7-8 September 2021, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.7-9-2021.2317756.

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Likutov, Yevgeniy Y. "THE ACTION OF TECTONIC WARPS OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE – ONE OF THE BASIC MECHANISMS OF FORMING THE RIVER VALLEYS. PROBLEMS OF THEIR REVELATION AND RESEARCH." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-225-227.

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In this article the indications and forms of manifestation of tectonic warps of the earth’s surface in the structure of relief and forming the river valleys and problems of their research: cognitive, methodic, organizational.
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Reports on the topic "Geographical indications"

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Rangnekar, Dwijen. Geographical Indications. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_ip_20030601c.

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Rangnekar, Dwijen. The Socio-Economics of Geographical Indications. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_ip_20040501b.

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Larson Guerra, Jorge. Geographical Indications, In Situ Conservation and Traditional Knowledge. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_pb_20110211.

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Correa, Carlos M. Geographical Indications and the Obligation to Disclose the Origin of Biological Materials. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_pb_20101011.

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Loranger, David. Scottish kiltmaking: Knowledge, practice, and potential for Protected Geographic Indication. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-386.

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Akto, P., Z. Chen, and K. Hu. Evaluation of geothermal resource potential of hot sedimentary aquifers in the Horn River Basin, northeast British Columbia, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331225.

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This study assesses the geothermal potential of Hot Sedimentary Aquifers underlying the Horn River Basin (HRB) based on analyses of borehole temperatures, geological and production data, core porosity and permeability measurements, and geophysical well logs. The proposed criteria are applied to evaluate the geothermal potential of the Horn River Group (HRG) and sub-HRG formations. Favourable spots are identified and ranked by applying temperature, thickness, porosity, permeability and flow rate mapping. The results show that the HRG and its underlying strata have a good potential of geothermal energy resource. Among the HRG formations with an average temperature of 110°C, the Otter Park Formation is the hottest and relatively thick with high water production rate. The Muskwa Formation is the second favourable for geothermal resource potential. Within the sub-HRGs, the Slave Point Formation is the most advantageous because of the high flow rate and high temperature, while the Keg River Formation is the hottest and thickest, and is considered as the second favorable stratigraphic unit. Combining the geological and geographical characteristics, four favourable hot zones have been identified, further indicating that the northwest Zone 1 and the southeast Zone 4 are the hottest areas with thicker reservoirs (&amp;gt;300m) and higher temperatures &amp;gt;130°C (at depth &amp;gt;3 km).
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Day, Christopher M., Howell Li, Sarah M. L. Hubbard, and Darcy M. Bullock. Observations of Trip Generation, Route Choice, and Trip Chaining with Private-Sector Probe Vehicle GPS Data. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317368.

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This paper presents an exploratory study of GPS data from a private-sector data provider for analysis of trip generation, route choice, and trip chaining. The study focuses on travel to and from the Indianapolis International Airport. GPS data consisting of nearly 1 billion waypoints for 12 million trips collected over a 6-week period in the state of Indiana. Within this data, there were approximately 10,000 trip records indicating travel to facilities associated with the Indianapolis airport. The analysis is based the matching of waypoints to geographic areas that define the extents of roadways and various destinations. A regional analysis of trip ends finds that travel demand for passenger services at the airport extends across a region spanning about 950 km. Local travel between land uses near the airport is examined by generation of an origin-destination matrix, and route choice between the airport and downtown Indianapolis is studied. Finally, the individual trips are scanned to identify trip chaining behavior. Several observations are made regarding these dynamics from the data. There is some sample bias (types of vehicles) and opportunities to further refine some of the land use definitions, but the study results suggest this type of data will provide a new frontier for characterizing travel demand patterns at a variety of scales.
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Taverna, Kristin. Vegetation classification and mapping of land additions at Richmond National Battlefield Park, Virginia: Addendum to technical report NPS/NER/NRTR 2008/128. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294278.

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In 2008 and 2015, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage produced vegetation maps for Richmond National Battlefield Park, following the protocols of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) – National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Program. The original 2008 report was part of a regional project to map and classify the vegetation in seven national parks in Virginia. The 2015 report was an addendum to the original report and mapped the vegetation in newly acquired parcels. Since 2015, the park has acquired an additional 820 acres of land within 12 individual parcels, including the 650 acre North Anna unit. This report is an addendum to the 2008 and 2015 reports and documents the mapping of vegetation and other land-use classes for the 12 new land parcels at Richmond National Battlefield Park, with an updated vegetation map for the entire park. The updated map and associated data provide information on the sensitivity and ecological integrity of habitats and can help prioritize areas for protection. The vegetation map of the new land parcels includes eighteen map classes, representing 14 associations from the United States National Vegetation Classification, one nonstandard, park-specific class, and three Anderson Level II land-use categories. The vegetation classification and map classes are consistent with the original 2008 report. Vegetation-map classes for the new land parcels were identified through field reconnaissance, data collection, and aerial photo interpretation. Aerial photography from 2017 served as the base map for mapping the 12 new parcels, and field sampling was conducted in the summer of 2020. Three new map classes for the Park were encountered and described during the study, all within the North Anna park unit. These map classes are Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest, Northern Coastal Plain / Piedmont Oak – Beech / Heath Forest, and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest. The examples of Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest at North Anna meet the criteria of size, condition, and landscape context to be considered a Natural Heritage exemplary natural community occurrence and should be targeted for protection and management as needed. New local and global descriptions for the three map classes are included as part of this report. Refinements were made to the vegetation field key to include the new map classes. The updated field key is part of this report. An updated table listing the number of polygons and total hectares for each of the 28 vegetation- map classes over the entire park is also included in the report. A GIS coverage containing a vegetation map for the entire park with updated Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata was completed for this project. The attribute table field names are the same as the 2008 and 2015 products, with the exception of an additional field indicating the year each polygon was last edited.
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Prusky, Dov, Nancy P. Keller, and Amir Sherman. global regulation of mycotoxin accumulation during pathogenicity of Penicillium expansum in postharvest fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600012.bard.

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Background to the topic- Penicilliumas a postharvest pathogen and producer of the mycotoxin PAT. Penicilliumspp. are destructive phytopathogens, capable of causing decay in many deciduous fruits, during postharvest handling and storage; and the resulting losses can amount to 10% of the stored produce and the accumulation of large amounts of the mycotoxinpatulin. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify critical host and pathogen factors that modulate P. expansummycotoxin genes and pathways which are required for PAT production and virulence. Our preliminary results indicated that gluconic acid are strongly affecting patulin accumulation during colonization. P. expansumacidifies apple fruit tissue during colonization in part through secretion of gluconic acid (GLA). Several publications suggested that GLA accumulation is an essential factor in P. expansumpathogenicity. Furthermore, down regulation of GOX2 significantly reduced PAT accumulation and pathogenicity. PAT is a polyketide and its biosynthesis pathway includes a 15-gene cluster. LaeA is a global regulator of mycotoxin synthesis. It is now known that patulin synthesis might be subjected to LaeA and sometimes by environmental sensing global regulatory factors including the carbon catabolite repressor CreA as well as the pH regulator factor PacC and nitrogen regulator AreA. The mechanisms by which LaeA regulates patulin synthesis was not fully known and was part of our work. Furthermore, the regulatory system that controls gene expression in accordance with ambient pH was also included in our work. PacC protein is in an inactive conformation and is unable to bind to the promoter sites of the target genes; however, under alkaline growth conditions activated PacC acts as both an activator of alkaline-expressed genes and a repressor of acid-expressed genes. The aims of the project- This project aims to provide new insights on the roles of LaeA and PacC and their signaling pathways that lead to GLA and PAT biosynthesis and pathogenicity on the host. Specifically, our specific aims were: i) To elucidate the mechanism of pH-controlled regulation of GLA and PAT, and their contribution to pathogenesis of P. expansum. We are interested to understanding how pH and/or GLA impact/s under PacC regulation affect PAT production and pathogenesis. ii) To characterize the role of LaeA, the global regulator of mycotoxin production, and its effect on PAT and PacC activity. iii) To identify the signaling pathways leading to GLA and PAT synthesis. Using state- of-the-art RNAseq technologies, we will interrogate the transcriptomes of laeAand pacCmutants, to identify the common signaling pathways regulating synthesis of both GLA and PAT. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements- In our first Aim our results demonstrated that ammonia secreted at the leading edge of the fungal colony induced transcript activation of the global pH modulator PacC and PAT accumulation in the presence of GLA. We assessed these parameters by: (i) direct exogenous treatment of P. expansumgrowing on solid medium; (ii) direct exogenous treatment on colonized apple tissue; (iii) growth under self-ammonia production conditions with limited carbon; and (iv) analysis of the transcriptional response to ammonia of the PAT biosynthesis cluster. Ammonia induced PAT accumulation concurrently with the transcript activation of pacCand PAT biosynthesis cluster genes, indicating the regulatory effect of ammonia on pacCtranscript expression under acidic conditions. Transcriptomic analysis of pH regulated processes showed that important genes and BARD Report - Project 4773 Page 2 of 10 functionalities of P. expansumwere controlled by environmental pH. The differential expression patterns of genes belonging to the same gene family suggest that genes were selectively activated according to their optimal environmental conditions to enable the fungus to cope with varying conditions and to make optimal use of available enzymes. Concerning the second and third Aims, we demonstrated that LaeA regulates several secondary metabolite genes, including the PAT gene cluster and concomitant PAT synthesis invitro. Virulence studies of ΔlaeAmutants of two geographically distant P. expansumisolates (Pe-21 from Israel and Pe-T01 from China) showed differential reduction in disease severity in freshly harvested fruit ranging from no reduction for Ch-Pe-T01 strains in immature fruit to 15–25% reduction for both strains in mature fruit, with the ΔlaeAstrains of Is-Pe-21 always showing a greater loss in virulence. Results suggest the importance of LaeA regulation of PAT and other secondary metabolites on pathogenicity. Our work also characterized for the first time the role of sucrose, a key nutritional factor present in apple fruit, as a negative regulator of laeAexpression and consequent PAT production in vitro. This is the first report of sugar regulation of laeAexpression, suggesting that its expression may be subject to catabolite repression by CreA. Some, but not all of the 54 secondary metabolite backbone genes in the P. expansumgenome, including the PAT polyketide backbone gene, were found to be regulated by LaeA. Together, these findings enable for the first time a straight analysis of a host factor that potentially activates laeAand subsequent PAT synthesis.
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