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Academic literature on the topic 'Géographie – Burundi'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Géographie – Burundi"
Sabushimike, Jean-Marie. "Géomorphologie des hautes terres du Bututsi (Burundi)." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30025.
Full textThe geomorphologic study of the bututsi highlands has been developes with a particular target to determine and explain geomorphogenesical factors and the landscape dynamic characterising most of the highlands in burundi. The stucture, as a fondamental factor, imposes its characteristics through the actions of lithology, the precambrian and the tertiary tectonic. In fact they determine the formation and the evolution of the essential morphologic features. Two main stuctures are to be distinguished. Firstly, wertern and southern bututsi, where the precambrian basement showing many faults and profoundly metamorphic with essentialy steep topography. Secondly, eastern bututsi, which presents ancient and recent erosional surfaces carved out into a mass of hills and erosional slopes. Selective erosion to understand the quartzic relief command in all the lanscapes. Allthrough the relief and the forms ares depended of lithology and tectonic natural environmental dynamics are submited alteration and schielding processes. This two phenomental are thewelves dependent on several factors developed in this research work. Alteration, duricrust and selective erosion interactions allowed us to deduce the existence of three planation surfaces in the bututsi located at 2 400 - 2 500m, 2 200 - 2 000m and 2 000 - 1 800. At last the characterization of the weathering wastes makes no doubt about the chemical of the soils
Sindayihebura, Bernard. "De l'Imbo au Mirwa. Dynamique de l'occupation du sol, croissance urbaine et risques naturels dans la région de Bujumbura (Burundi)." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20013.
Full textSince first half of the twentieth century, Burundi knew deep changes social, economic, political and environmental characterized, inter alia, by a strong density and urban growth, by an increasing pressure on the natural environment and agricultural. After a presentation of the large features of the area, study and history of the settlement and land use before the years 1950, this work analyses and characterizes the recent transformations of the rural medium (of the birth of an agrarian landscape between the years 1930-50 until the current situation) and the stages of the urban growth through the example of the Bujumbura's agglomeration since 1925 to 2002. The question inherited these evolutions from the recrudescence of the natural risks is then tackled (flood and movement of mass), their more repeated occurences and their increasingly heavy consequences. A reflexion about the bases, setting conditions and prevention policy of the natural risks concluded this research
Niyongabo, Ferdinand. "Diversité, biogéographie, écologie et conservation des Rubioideae-Rubiaceae en Afrique centrale, Burundi, R.D.Congo, Rwanda." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209721.
Full textles récoltes. Des taxons nouveaux pour le territoire étudié ont été découverts, révélant le caractère incomplet de la ‘World check-list of Rubiaceae’. Des taxons nouveaux pour la science ont été mis en évidence. Une espèce nouvelle (avec deux variétés) a été décrite. Les analyses de distribution ont utilisé deux niveaux de résolution: le système d’information géographique (SIG) pour la production des cartes de la distribution des espèces et le système de maillage pour calculer la densité et l’effort d’échantillonnage. La richesse floristique apparente est fortement biaisée par l’intensité d’échantillonnage. Après correction de ces biais, la diversité reste inégalement répartie.
Des régions de plus haute diversité peuvent être expliquées à la fois par des processus déterministes (régions à haute diversité ’habitats), et, probablement aussi par des contingences historiques (refuges). Elles correspondent à des zones de spéciation active ou de moindre extinction. De plus, cette diversité varie selon les phytochories considérées.
La distribution des taxons a été utilisée pour tenter de redéfinir sur une base objective des subdivisions phytogéographiques du territoire étudié. L’approche basée sur la similarité floristique et la distribution potentielle a démontré le rôle déterminant des taxons indicateurs et des variables environnementales
dans l’établissement d’un système cohérent de phytochories pour l’Afrique centrale. Un nouveau
système de trois territoires floristiques défini sur base des Rubioideae est comparativement proche de celui de White (1979, 1983) mais ne comprend pas des zones de transition.
Enfin, la caractérisation de l’état de conservation des Rubioideae de la zone d’étude, sur base de la méthodologie de l’UICN, a porté sur cinquante-six taxons (sub-)endémiques d’Afrique centrale. L’évaluation paramétrique a été largement utilisée. Elle est basée sur la détermination de la zone d’occupation (AOO) et de la zone d’occurrence (EOO). La proportion des Rubioideae menacés et coïncide avec celles des autres groupes déjà évalués. Cette analyse a démontré qu’il existe une corrélation entre les taxons menacés et les zones de forte concentration humaine.
This study is a contribution to the knowledge of biodiversity, geographic distribution and conservation of Rubioideae (Rubiaceae), a group of flowering plants in Central Africa (D.R.Congo, Rwanda, Burundi). The work is based on the critical evaluation of the rich herbarium collections conserved in Belgium and Burundi (> 10,000 specimens). A critical check-list of Rubioideae in Central Africa has been produced, comprising 291 taxa. A distribution map has been obtained for each of them. A number of taxa are new to the area, highlighting the gaps of knowledge in the ‘World check-list of Rubiaceae’. Species new to science have been detected, one of which has been formally described (with two varieties) in this study. The analysis of distribution patterns has been performed at two levels of resolution. Grid-maps have been used to analyse patterns of species diversity. Floristic richness appears strongly correlated with
sampling effort. After correction for sampling effort, species diversity remains heterogeneous.
Regions of higher diversity correspond either to areas of more active speciation, in relation to a high diversity of habitats, or to forest refuges where extinction rates have been lower. Additionally, this diversity varies between the different phytochoria recognized. The distribution of species has been used in an attempt to redefine phytochoria based only on floristic criteria. Floristic similarity, and potential distribution (based on climatic parameters), has shown that phytochoria can be effectively defined and characterized by the method of indicator taxa. Three major
phytochoria show a reasonably match with phytochoria previously proposed by White (1979, 1983), but White’s transition zones are not highlighted. Finally, distribution data have been used to critically evaluate the conservation status of 56 taxa, using the methodology and criteria of IUCN. The area of occupancy (AOO) and extent of occurrence (EOO) were calculated and used as main criteria to evaluate the species. A relatively high proportion of taxa appear to be threatened, especially in relation to urbanization and deforestation in the most
highly populated parts of the study area.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Habiyambere, Gaspard. "Rwanda : les influences extérieures dans la politisation, la radicalisation et la reconstruction d'une société ethnopolitiquement conflictuelle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA019.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD thesis in political science is to pinpoint, based on the political history of Rwanda and its external influences or relations at african and international level (particularly with Burundi, the DR of Congo, Uganda, Germany, Belgium, France, the United Kingdom, the United States, the UN, the EU and the AU), the causes of the collapse of the Rwandan state (during the 1994 genocide) and the potential solutions that could help to rebuild and/or reform it. This could also serve as an example to other countries (particularly those in Africa, Asia and Latin America), which use the ethno-racial and/or regional affiliation of the population, the mobilization of people based on their real or supposed identities, the politicization of races or differences, racialization of politics, political cronyism or quite simply the “negative ways” of ethnopolitics as an intellectual basis or ideological label of power. A sustainable response to the bloody conflicts and endless political crises afflicting Rwanda and Burundi could be a political project rather than an ethno-racial one (based more on peace, democracy and human development), geographical separation in the style of "Hutuland" and "Tutsiland" “by peaceful means and through agreement” (according to the 1975 Helsinki Accords of the OSCE in the extension of the UN Charter on the right of peoples to self-determination in 1945, Art.1 and 1966, Art.1) in the setting of the former Ruanda-Urundi, but each with a separate community and regional integration in a manner similar to that of the European Union, while respecting international law
Ntafatiro, Patrice. "L'exilé de toute part suivi de la Poétique négro-africaine de l'exil." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20263.
Full textNivyintizo, Scarie. "Déterminants de performance dans le secteur du bâtiment et travaux publics : le cas des entreprises de construction du Burundi." Thèse, 1995. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1217/1/1513758.pdf.
Full textBandyayera, Daniel. "Formation des latérites nickélifères et mode de distribution des éléments du groupe du platine dans les profils latéritiques du complexe de Musongati, Burundi." Thèse, 1997. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1119/1/1531842.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Géographie – Burundi"
Géographie du Burundi. Hatier, 1991.