Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géographie – Cuba – La Havane (Cuba)'
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Mermoud-Plaza, Diego Alejandro. "Approche sensorielle des développements urbains de la Baie de La Havane, entre planification dirigée et facteurs exogènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080014.
Full textPlanning the territory is a complex exercise due to the lack of knowledge of the future. The institutional actors in charge of planning must therefore consider and weigh a multiplicity of factors, internal and external to the territory. The choices made depend on the interpretation of the issues and the objectives to be achieved. The understanding of the context varies according to the representations and affects that pre-exist within the institutions.This work carried out in Cuba focuses on the territory of Havana Bay. The Cuban politico-economic structure, centralized and without counter-power, could allow a strong coherence between the decisions taken in a constrained international environment and the local context of the territory planning. However, it must be noted that there may be discrepancies between the institutions in charge of planning. These divergences, both in the definition of the ideal to be achieved and the means to achieve it, may result in proposals distancing from one to another.In order to understand the actors' readings of the territory as well as their affects, we used a classical methodology, enriched with 360° animated images projected in a virtual reality helmet, and completed by the realization of mental maps. Thus, it was observed that certain spaces generate important socio-spatial segregations, while being counter-intuitively very appreciated by the local populations. The results obtained accordingly show significant contrasts between what classical geography tells us as well the affects felt by the actors that were interviewed
La planificación del territorio es una actividad compleja debido al desconocimiento del futuro. Por tanto, los actores institucionales encargados de la planificación deben considerar y sopesar una multiplicidad de factores, tanto internos como externos al territorio. Los arbitrajes que se toman dependen de la interpretación de los temas específicos y de los objetivos que se quieren alcanzar. La lectura del contexto varía según las representaciones y los afectos preexistentes en el seno de las instituciones.Este trabajo realizado en Cuba se concentra en el territorio de la Bahía de La Habana. La estructura política y económica centralizada de Cuba, sin contrapoder, podría permitir una fuerte coherencia entre las decisiones tomadas en un entorno internacional restringido y el contexto local de la ordenación del territorio. Sin embargo, hay que tener en cuenta que puede haber discrepancias entre las instituciones encargadas de la planificación. Estas divergencias, tanto en la definición del ideal a alcanzar como en los medios para lograrlo, pueden dar lugar a propuestas distantes entre sí.Para comprender las lecturas del territorio por parte de los actores, así como sus afectos, utilizamos una metodología clásica, enriquecida con imágenes animadas de 360° proyectadas en un casco de realidad virtual, y completada con la creación de mapas mentales. Así, se observó que ciertos espacios generan importantes segregaciones socio-espaciales, al tiempo que son contra-intuitivamente muy apreciados por las poblaciones locales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran así importantes contrastes entre lo que nos dice la geografía clásica y los afectos que sienten los actores entrevistados
Jacques, Eugénie. "Cuba, une géographie alimentaire insulaire : analyse des facteurs influençant l'évolution du patrimoine alimentaire havanais, 1990-2015." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28309.
Full textThe acute economic crisis that prevailed in Cuba during the 1990’s, the so-called special period in times of peace, had tremendous impacts on daily life in Cuba, among other things on food provisioning. In a context of double insularity caused by both geographic and political factors, the Cuban regime had to tackle the issue of food security to guarantee a minimum of food and health conditions to its people. Serious distribution problems of fresh produce arose with oil shortages, thus making it difficult to reproduce before-crisis feeding patterns. It is in this context that a potential rupture may be considered in the transmission of the food heritage and conservation and culinary practices, especially for urban Cuban households. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 17 residents and key informants from La Havana showed that the search for healthy and diverse food is not a priority in the aftermaths of the 1990’s the crisis and that food trends today tend towards the selection of known and stable options in sufficient quantities to help secure the basics. In addition to national economic constraints and the U.S. embargo, modernity is a factor at work in shaping and transmitting food consumption and transformation practices. The result is a mixed bag of local, regional, and international influences determining Cubans’ food preferences. Despite its relative isolation, Cuba is not exempt from influences spreading globally after all.
Gracia, Frédéric. "La ré-invention du quotidien. Pratiques sociales quotidiennes et espace urbain. La Havane, 1878/1921." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA019.
Full textBy analysing the interactions between daily social practices and urban space in Havana between 1878 and 1921, this thesis demonstrates how new ways of moving through the city emerged and spread both socially and racially, thus contributing to reinventing everyday life, that is to say reorganising its inhabitants' daily experience of the city and updating the way they socialised. The development of public transport in Havana and the working class's growing use of it began between 1878 and 1895 and boomed after 1898, which fostered a renewal of daily social practices of urban space and allowed the people of Havana to enter the age of mass urban transport. This precocious, swift, therefore atypical process was also remarkable because of its repercussions on two of the structuring forms of convivance. Already before the Independence, government's treatment of social outcasts started to dislocate, precisely at a time when protest against colonial order was spreading and social control was becoming a crucial issue for the authorities. Over the period under study in this thesis, the reinvention of daily social practices led to redefining the residential geography of Havana: it made possible a wider diffusion of the working class throughout the city, which hampered and challenged the republican capital's project of the elite. By “emptying out history's pockets” and studying numerous unpublished or little valued archives, this thesis, which involved constituting a georeferenced database and a body of cartographic material, offers a different insight into one of the turning points in the history of Havana and Cuba through an alternative analysis of the conventional chronology and a complexification of historical framework
Testa, Silvina. "La conquête de l’est : reconfigurations régionales de la santería cubaine (La Havane – Sagua la Grande)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100163.
Full textA case study of a town in the central region of Cuba, Sagua la Grande, the former stronghold of Santeria, this thesis attaches great importance to the study of a form of afro-cuban religion based on a model different to that already well-known, which has a cult structure similar to Havana. Over time, the capital has become the emblematic town for afro-cuban cults, having been fixed for some as a religious reference point, in so far as an “orthodoxy” is possible in this area. A comparison between afro-cuban cults in Havana and Sagua la Grande permits us to make relative the general character of this cultural model. The analysis of authority figures in both cases makes clear the predominance of the babalao figure in the priesthood. This liturgical role, into which only men are allowed entry, is at the apex of a cultural hierarchy which is determined, in part, by criteria of race. Another important aspect is that the provincial towns are slowly beginning to enlist in the transnational dialogue of afro-cuban practices, indirectly achieving a previously unrecognised prominence. A comparative analysis of cult forms present in Havana and Sagua la Grande will show that it is not a case of two opposing models but rather a multiplicity of cult variations
Konen, Alain. "La mécanique des secrets d'Ifa : compétences et savoir-faire des babalawo dans un rituel divinatoire cubain à La Havane." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210758.
Full textGarcía, Inés. "Le rôle des pratiques associatives culturelles dans la construction et la diffusion d'une culture patriotique cubaine à la Havane (1868-1898)." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070046.
Full textCuban history specialists disagree about the process of emancipation of the Spanish colony. Cuban revolutionary historiography denies any role to the cultural and political elites of Havana in this process of independence by valuing only the action of the exiled separatists, Other historians contend that these intellectual elites, for the greater part separatists, widely contributed to the formation of the Cuban nation. An approach based on the study of cultural associative sociability in Havana and on the prosopographique analysis of historic actors between 1868 and 1898 leads both to questioning the existence of a Cuban nation at the time of the declaration of independence and to better understanding the interracial conflicts which burst in the following years. This approach demonstrates that cultural associative sociability was one of the key ways to build and spread a Cuban patriotic culture which marginalized the coloured population in the development of the feeling of belonging to a Cuban community. Cultural associative practices also contributed to promote simultaneously attachment to the Cuban homeland and disaffection for the Spanish mother country. The intellectual and political elites thus amply aroused the profound dissatisfaction and the patriotism which, in 1895, mobilized a wide part of the population in favour of independence
Goncalvès, Dominique. "Le planteur et le roi : l'aristocratie havanaise et la couronne d'Espagne, 1763-1838 /." Madrid : Casa de Velázquez, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41455076s.
Full textGoncalvès, Dominique. "Le planteur et le roi : étude des relations entre les élites aristocratiques havanaises et la couronne espagnole 1763-1838." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20093.
Full textIn 1763, when Spain was no longer capable of defending La Havana by itself, but anxious to develop the colonial economy, the government negotiated a political and economic reform with the local elites. While these elites have been encouraged to participate and contribute financially to defending the city, they were favoured in return by improved conditions for producing sugar cane. At the same time the Spanish monarchy tried to bind about thirty families by creating a contest for being honoured with nobiliaries titles. So, these planters families were turned into formidable allies of the Crown, in the course of struggle for independence and during the liberal eras. Nonetheless elites' political relevance did oblige the Crown to make compromises. Although continuously weakened by the consequences of their aristocratic enclosure (consanguines marriages and competition by the tradesmen elite) this system was stable enough to resist all fundamental political changes until at least 1838
Quintero, Pérez Ana Margarita. "La Havane, 1959-1979 : l'architecture sociale de la révolution cubaine : l'architecture face à l'histoire : de la quête d'une identité nationale à la standardisation de la construction." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010562.
Full textFAIVRE, D'ARCIER HORTENSE. "La havane au temps des lumieres et des revolutions d'independance - vision des voyageurs francophones et realite historique." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030002.
Full textThe absence of an independence revolution in cuba at the beginning of the 19 th century raises an important historical question for anyone seeking to understand the destiny of the island in the contemporary era. We seek elements of an answer to this question in the socio-spatial structure of havana, which we situate both in the "longue duree" of the enlightenment and the "temps court" of the years 1808-1833, during which the contradictions of inlightened absolutism are brought to a height by the fench revolutionary and imperial wars. Fench-speaking travellers from revolutionary and counter-revolutionary france (1789-1830) are privileged witnesses of this "delay" in the independence revolution of cuba. Is the "delay" in the formation of the national consciousness of the creole oligarchy of havana the result of a coincidence in time between structural transformations in the havana region and the atlantic revolutions? havana, a strategic stopover on the west indies trade route, had become, in the 18 th century, the site of intensive efforts by metropolitan policy to reinforce and develop the imperial defense system. As a result, cuba's capital symbolizes, for all european travellers, the success of bourbon colonial reformism, thus effacing, to its advantage, the other regions of the island
Argyriadis, Kali. "La religión à La Havane : actualité des représentations et des pratiques cultuelles havanaises." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0124.
Full textDespite more than three decades of castrist regime, and an access to cares and instruction free for everybody, the majority of inhabitants of havana practice more and more, and in a simultaneous and complementary way, diverse worships such as santeria, palo-monte, spiritism, and a very pragmatic catholicism, wich they designate usualy by the generic term religion. This study attempts, from this findings, to demonstrate the effective existence of a representations system common to all this practices, and to understand its intrinsic dynamism. More broadly, it also tries to analyse the social and political repercussions of this system in cuba today
Pinceau, Pascale. "Organisation globale et arrangements locaux dans la distribution d'eau à La Havane et à Bamako." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2009. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01719270/document.
Full textIn Havana, and Bamako, water supply is incomplete. It is limited either in time or geographically. Socio-political regulation participates in water networks setting. Therefore entry of private companies in water utilities management is seen as a solution thanks to international financing coming from SAUR and AGBAR. Nonetheless, private management of the former public companies supposes a changing in the infrastructure cost distribution. This modification in the payer's identity might lead to political instability. In Bamako, middle class who forms the power base is requested to suppport tariff rises for water supply under this new private management. In Havana, private funds in water supply divided the territory according to the quality of the service. In both cities companies' profit is the priority, leaving the benefits of safe water supply backward. Relations between the State and the private company are different according to the country. Cuban interests converge with those of the private supplier (AGBAR) thanks both to the State major capital participation in the company supplying water and thanks to its ability to control a market generating currencies. On the contrary, Malian State fail his alliance with the private interet (SAUR). Privatisation added difficulties and disparties in the context of poor urban management
Koprivica, Ana. "Musique et rituel à Cuba : appeler les esprits au son des cajónes à La Havane." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040174.
Full textThe Cajón in Cuba is both music and a possession ritual. The combined approach of musicology and religious anthropology highlights the specificities of the Cajón. Therefore, it is possible to position the musical and ritual practice of Cajón among different Afro-Cuban cults in Havana. Considering the Cajón as total social fact, this research aims to analyze the complexity of ritual taking into account social, musical and religious aspects. The analysis shows that the Cajón can be recognized in different way among religious practices of Afro-Cuban cults, even sometimes coming out of its framework. The Cajón covers a sequence of rituals (Misa, Biagué, Chamalongo, sacrifice and Toque) embedded in a sacred space where every participant has a well-identified role. The analysis of one sequence of ritual and of interactions which happen enables the definition of the role of music. The music is permanently adapting to the ritual being one of its components: it structures the ritual time, it participates to the introduction and also to the socialization of the possession trance. The musicians as participants use in creative way melodic systems and rhythmic patterns associated to the music of rumba, makuta and palo monte. Overlapping of repertoires and musical systems generates a complexity concerning sound effects. We conclude that the musical analysis is a key for the understanding of the ritual
Perera, Laura Casanovas. "Une siècle sur Scène! la Centralle Thermoélectrique Tallapiedra dans la ville de La Havane, Cuba." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/24348.
Full textDamerdji, Amina. "Le soupçon ludique. Les poètes officiels de la Révolution cubaine, de La Havane à Madrid (1966-2002)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA074.
Full textFrom 1966 onwards, the formation of a group of fourteen poets around the Cuban Communist Party-affiliated journal El Caimàn Barbudo created a new literary ethos named “playful suspicion” because of the mischievous mistrust it provokes in the reader. What are the defining traits, implications and ideological and aesthetic occurrences of this ethos? This dissertation was based on the 48 collections produced by the group members between 1966 and 2002 (year of its final dissolution), on 29 interviews, and on the examination of 10 archival holdings in Paris, Madrid and Havana. This dissertation first shows that the birth of their writ- ing responded to a series of paradoxical political and aesthetic demands: to be an “official avant-garde”, to be rebellious but not overly critical, to be both Marxist and lyrical. After the sudden dismissal of the group by the Party in 1968, then the harsh censorship of the five Grey Years (1971-1976), their playful spirit deserts the political poems which become solemn and serious, and withdraws to the romantic and erotic sphere. The parodic staging of gender identities in these seemingly harmless poems constitutes a veiled criticism of the political identi- ties produced by the Revolution. Starting in 1991, the dissent of several members of the group dissent and its partial recomposition around the journal Encuentro de la cultura cubana founded in Madrid in 1996 with the support of the Spanish government invites a new evaluation of their writing. The dissidents abandon playful suspicion in favor of denunciative writing, which nevertheless thematically places playfulness as a symbol of their lost illusions
En Cuba, a partir de 1966, se forma un grupo de catorce poetas en torno a la revista El Caimán Barbudo, afiliada al Partido Comunista nacional, generando un nuevo ethos literario que nosotros llamamos “sospecha lúdica”, por el recelo divertido que provoca en el lector. ¿Cuáles son los rasgos definotorios, las implicaciones y los impactos ideológicos y estéticos de este ethos? Para responder la tesis se basa en el estudio de los 48 poemarios escritos por los miembros del grupo entre 1966 y 2002, año de su desaparición, 29 entrevistas y 10 fondos de archivo sitos en Madrid, París y La Habana. El trabajo muestra en primer lugar que el naci- miento de esta escritura responde a una serie de requisitos políticos y estéticos paradójicos: ser una “vanguardia oficial”, rebelde pero no demasiado crítica, marxista pero lírica. En se- gundo lugar mostramos que, después del súbito desahucio del grupo por el Partido y la fuerte censura del Quinquenio gris (1971-1976), el espíritu lúdico deserta los poemas políticos, que se vuelven solemnes y serios, para replegarse en la esfera amorosa y erótica. En estos poemas aparentemente inofensivos, la paródica puesta en escena de identidades de género constituye une crítica velada de las identidades políticas producidas por la Revolución. A partir de 1991, la disidencia de varios miembros del grupo, su parcial recomposición en torno a la revista Encuentro de la cultura cubana, fundada en Madrid en 1996 con el apoyo del gobierno espa- ñol, son elementos que invitan a reevaluar esta escritura: los disidentes abandonan la sospecha lúdica por una escritura de la denuncia que, sin embargo, tematiza el juego como el símbolo de sus ilusiones perdidas
Villetelle, Marc. "Musiciens havanais à l'épreuve de "la période spéciale" : quotidien sous tension et rapport au politique à Cuba." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863984.
Full textRoth, Salomé. "Quand les dieux entrent en scène : pratiques rituelles afro-cubaines et performances scéniques à La Havane au lendemain de la Révolution." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA150/document.
Full textThis work studies on stage performances created in Cuba as a result of the encounter of Marxist ideology, officially adopted by the government in 1961, and Afro-Cuban religions, practised in the island since the arrival of the first African slaves. On one hand, the revolutionnary government set out to transform Afro-Cuban rituals into a national folklore in order to both neutralize its religious significance and insert it within the heritage of a nation in building; on the other hand, artists, playwrights in particular, were ordered over the years to be the activists of a staunch atheist political cause. Therefore these two worlds, Afro-Cuban rituals and socially engaged theater, were a priori quite distinct. However, some playwrights took on bridging the gap between them : Carlos Felipe (Réquiem por Yarini, 1960/1965), José Ramón Brene (Santa Camila de la Habana Vieja, 1962), José Triana (Medea en el espejo, 1960 and La muerte del Ñeque, 1964), Eugenio Hernández Espinosa (María Antonia, 1964/1967) and José Milián (Mamico Omi Omo, 1965).Their approaches and goals were diverse but, somehow or other, by the detour of theater, they all came to restore the effectiveness of the ritual language, lost in the context of folk scenes, and to create, often unwittingly, a theater similar to the Theater of Cruelty theorised by Antonin Artaud, the theater of « the invisible made visible » – the one precisely criticized by the revolutionary authority
Hellequin, Anne Peggy. "Génèse et dynamique des centres historiques en Méditerranée américaine." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA120004.
Full textThe city have to be seen in its unity and its diversity. Three historic centers, old havana, old san juan, and the french quarter in new orleans can show this division. This three historic centers are only in front of the city and they are different each other. History can explain unity and diversity. We have thought that urban growth and evolution of the urban core were causes of unity. Historic preservation from state and private entities were responsible of diversity. Havana, san juan and new orleans were very interesting because very different for their urban policy. The historical study display that even historic preservation was different, evolution of historic centers is comparable. Old havana, old san juan and the french quarter of new orleans have to be seen like a tourist-historic city with variations of size. So, we can conclude that another dimension, perhaps globalization, can explain diversity of three historic centers. Economoic problems in cuba for example stop all programs of historic preservation
Sviezeny, Grevin Michaëla. "Crise et [dé]constructions de la Havane dans la nouvelle cubaine de 1991 à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030117/document.
Full textAt the beginning of the 1990’s, with the “Special Period” decree, Cuba knows an unsurpassed crisis which questions, for the first time in its history, the foundations of the Revolution. The Cuban literature, marked materially by this context, echoes the turnovers that arose on the Island. This dialogue, established between fiction and social realities, is at the heart of our reflection. Throughout the study of the short stories published since the beginning of this period, we have attempted to seize the spirit of this era. In thus doing, we recount the literary destiny of Havana, in these flustered times, from the representations of the destruction of the city until the images of its dispersal. The authors who chose to write Havana in crisis run the risk of chaos and nonexistence. The physical and moral decline of the capital and of its people stands out as a major artistic subject. Facing a reality in full decomposition, the Cuban writers have become the artisans of the city’s possible restoration. They call upon writing to save Havana which has entered a hastened destructive stage. Metaphor of a society and of a nation in crisis, the city, destroyed on a material level, rises again, little by little, on a literary level
Nadeau, Christian. "Les salariés de l'État et l'économie souterraine dans les municipalités de Cerro et Plaza de la revolucion à la Havane." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/910/1/M9999.pdf.
Full textDeschamps-Band, Mariève. "Santé et mobilité à Cuba : la fragmentation spatiale induite par l’industrie du tourisme médical." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20142.
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