Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géographies du care'
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Houssay-Holzschuch, Myriam. "Le Territoire volé, une géographie culturelle des quartiers noirs de Cape Town (Afrique du Sud)." Phd thesis, Paris 4, 1997. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185377.
Full textLike other South African cities, Cape Town bears the mark of different ideologies: that of segregation and that of apartheid. A historical geography of greater Cape Town shows that they were legally embodied in urban space as soon as 1901, partly because of the influence of western urban planning theories. But the big townships will be developed only from 1948. A detailed study of each black township brings to light the characteristics of this specifically South African urban model, designed for social and political control of the blacks. Nevertheless, in landscapes that were forced upon them, black people managed to develop an original African and urban culture: this is demonstrated by a cultural geography of the townships and squatter camps. This culture includes some consciously chosen values - be they western or traditional - such as education, religion and solidarity for the middle class. Today, the political conditions have been deeply altered in South Africa. The post-apartheid city is appearing, shaped by the inheritances of apartheid, the inertia of space and the formation of new, racially mixed, neighborhoods. At the same time, the cape society is evolving
Mombo, Jean-Bernard. "La Cote à rias du Gabon septentrional du Komo au Rio Mouni : cadre physique et morphologie littorale." Bordeaux 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR30012.
Full textThe study concerns a rias coastline of the holocene period , currently composed of tidal estuaries and marine mangrove swanps. It is divided into two sections preceeded by a foreword containing an outline of the problematic, the methods of investigation as well as a definition of the term "littoral". The first section concern the physical and natural context. It proposes a synthesis of the forces involved in the shaping of the coastline : current and past marine conditions (plio-quaternary) , an overview of the geological structure, the relief and the soils of the atlantic facade and that of its precontinent, finally the vegetation is considered. The second section is a detailed regional approach of the northcoast of gaboon based on a typology of the sedimentary materiel of the intertidal zone :sandy (beaches), rocky (platforms), sandy and rocky with exceptional low cliffs , muddy (slikks), sandy and muddy. The vegetational environment (coastal forest, savannahs, mangrove) is taken into consideration as well as the active constalerosion of the region. The conclusion is a synthesis of the data study accomplished as well as a general classification of the types of coastlines and of the present coastal erosion
Abdel, Nasser Abdallah Ahmed. "Le Caire : l'étatisme libéral et le gâchis urbain." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010597.
Full textThe spontaneous habitat, un employment, the rural exodus, the difference in incomes, the lack of rentable housing and the abundance of vacant houses for sale, the rise in construction costs and what the state is offering does not correspond to the real needs, are the principal characterisitics of a country under development like that of egypt, the state is trying to make changes by concentrating on the cities (greater cairo). The countryside feels this to such an extent that any improvement is just a drop in the ocean, whilst the difference between the cities and the countryside is only widening. The measures taken by the state, such as the construction programs for housing, tries to resolve the problem, but the problems will still exist because the need for low cost housing exceeds the possibilities, and to the contrary, the available housing for sale is superior to the needs by 1. 8 million dwelling. Added to this is the lack of confidence between the state and the private sector especially in the housing sector which has 1. 8 million vacant dwelling of which 70% of these are for the public sector, therefore, the state helps to aggravate the problem. The preceding contract proves the necessity to intervene quickly in the uncontrollable constructions are taking over agriculture land, the density of population in certain areas of cairo risks to cause discontentment such that it could become a factor of claims even political instability. The rise in urbanisation, vacant housing, along with the lack of upkeep, has recently brought about the appearance of blocks of houses very often run down or even in ramshackle state
Rodriguez-Pabon, Orlando. "Cadre théorique pour l'évaluation des infrastructures d'information géospatiale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18130.
Full textMany countries around the world are constructing Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). In order to meet more important SDI expectations and goals, several approaches have been conducted. However, the literature suggests that SDI initiatives do not necessarily meet the major users’ needs and that the most important objectives have not yet been reached. This fact raises a number of questions, mainly the issue as to whether or not the real usefulness of SDI initiatives is limited. If this were the case, SDI projects would not be sufficiently justified and consequently available resources scarcer. Therefore, it becomes necessary to evaluate SDI initiatives. In spite of this, there does not exist, to date, enough valid or widespread criteria based upon which SDI can be evaluated. Hence, it is essential that relevant criteria be defined, through which it is possible to evaluate such approaches, as well as their results. In order to reach this goal, we conducted qualitative research to develop a theoretical framework for the evaluation of SDI projects, through the identification and description of common success criteria across different contextual backgrounds. Our first step was to conceptualize the evaluation and success antecedents through the literature. Secondly, an International Web Survey was conducted applying Delphi study basis. Finally, the core of this research was two SDI case studies. Switzerland and Uruguay were examined in order to gain better understanding of criteria and context. We propose that SDI evaluation should be a process that involves everyone in the social construction of these infrastructures. Thus, SDI can be evaluated based on two major dimensions: "Quality Dimension" and "Virtue Dimension". Each dimension is composed of evaluation zones. We suggest that SDI can become largely valuable projects only if they are useful to society. This two-dimensional evaluation framework should be a good tool to help SDI organizations to estimate and improve the success of SDI initiatives. It allows the definition of conditions under which the SDI objectives may be planned and judged, while respecting the diversity of approaches adopted by each community. The notion of useful assessment, promoting training and social transformation, underlies the theoretical framework proposed.
Randrianarivelo, Mamy Dina. "Proposition d’un cadre conceptuel d’arrimage des savoirs géographiques locaux dans les macro-observatoires : cas de la région DIANA Madagascar." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25275.
Full textDébarre, Ségolène. "Du Méandre à l'Euphrate : l'Anatolie au prisme des savoirs géographiques allemands (1835-1895)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010630.
Full textMadœuf, Anna. "Images et pratiques de la ville ancienne du Caire : les sens de la ville." Tours, 1997. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287621.
Full textBolivar, B. Teolinda. "La production du cadre bâti dans les Barrios à Caracas. . . : un chantier permanent !" Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120016.
Full textIn this research, we study the organization's process which leads to the "barrios de ranchos", a kind of squatter settlement. These "barrios de ranchos" are built out of the urban regulations and on another's lands, since 1950. We have studied the built morphology characteristics in these Caracas' areas live about half of the Venezuelan capital population
Picard, Julie. "Le Caire des migrants africains chrétiens : impasse migratoire et citadinités religieuses." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01016164.
Full textFlorin, Bénédicte. "Itinéraires citadins au Caire : mobilités et territorialités dans une métropole du monde arabe." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129372.
Full textFondé sur une démarche résolument qualitative, ce travail s'appuie sur l'analyse des itinéraires ordinaires des habitants de quatre quartiers populaires du Caire dont les modes de constitution et de peuplement diffèrent.
Temps de l'établissement en ville, celui des incertitudes mais aussi des adaptations et des expériences, temps des ancrages, celui des compétences à s'approprier l'espace et à le modeler pour lui donner un caractère résolument urbain, temps des recompositions sociales et spatiales qui portent en germe des mécanismes d'insertion ou d'exclusion urbaine : au-delà des trajectoires, toujours singulières, qui constituent ici un outil de travail plutôt qu'une fin en soi de la recherche, ce sont des processus de territorialisation ainsi que les multiples configurations socio-spatiales qui en découlent qui sont mis au jour pour tenter de comprendre au mieux les relations entre les citadins et leur ville.
Amilcar, Helliot. "Etude géologique de l'ouest du Massif de la Hotte (Hai͏̈ti, Grandes Antilles) dans son cadre terrestre et marin. Implications géodynamiques." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30095.
Full textRamos-Gorand, Mélina. "Accompagnement de la dépendance des personnes âgées : enjeux territoriaux en France métropolitaine." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1209/document.
Full textThis thesis is based upon the French republican principles of Freedom, Equality which proceeds the territorial Equity of and Fraternity, fromwhich ensues Solidarity. Their application is studied on a matter of public interest: the professional care of the elderly dependence of inmainland France. The geographical approach implemented is innovative on this object. It analyzes the professional offer in a transverse way, thanks to quantitative and qualitative methods, and on several territorial scales.This paper seeks to study the territorialisation of elderly care, that is to say its apprehension from spatial realities and relative processes. Mythesis is composed of three themed chapters. The first section of this paper will examine, the major terms of the study, such as ageing ordependence, in addition national key figures, are highlighted by historical realities and actors' testimonies, in national and local perspectives.An analysis of the current organization of the offer aimed at dependent elderly persons is realized, including at home caregiver and at homesocial workers, at home nursing services and private nurses, nursing homes, as well as the coordinating structures.The second part of this study focuses on the territorial anchoring of the professional offer. Although, the offers studied are mainly locals, asevidenced by their comparison with other types of organizations, their presence in departments (The term department in this case refers toFrench administrative divisions) is not however homogeneous. Indeed private nurses are more present for instance in the departments of theFrench Mediterranean coast, whereas at home caregivers and at home social workers intervene more in northern departments of France.Between complementarities and substitutions, this research investigates the economic, social and political stakes ensuing from adifferentiated territorial distribution.In the last part of this paper, two revealing themes are explored in-depth. Firstly the non take-of an important allowance to pay forprofessional care, attributed by the departmental Councils, at the request of the dependent elderly person is studied. Then, the determinants ofthe migrations of people during their entering to nursing homes are analyzed. The difficulty is due to the fact that the same behaviours, nontake-up of allowances or migrations, can reflect at the same time the choices of the people, and a failure of public authorities to propose asuitable offer available throughout the territory. An analysis of the individual determinants, based on detailed databases and on testimonies oflocal actors allows to distinguish the limit between personal freedom and responsibility of public authorities.This study produces diagnoses by territories, it is a potential decision-making tool, for D.R.E.E.S (which stands for French NationalDepartment for Research, Studies, Evaluation and Statistics, Ministry of Health) and four departmental Councils partners
Tollis, Claire. "Bien gérer les "espaces de nature", une éthique du faire avec : propositions pour une géographie des Associations hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814246.
Full textRomero, Rodríguez Myriam. "Caracas, un espace urbain controversé : aperçu général de la situation urbaine d'une capitale appartenant à un pays non industrialisé et la défense active du cadre de vie d'un quartier ancien du centre-ville." Paris 4, 1994. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01241798.
Full textIn Caracas the multiplicity of perverse effects of urbanization takes on more dramatic proportions each day. The urban crisis of this city exhibits some of the characteristics common to those of other great cities of the world. But this crisis is heightened by the speculative action of the private sector and by the disorienting planning of the government. These anarchic actions have their roots in a confusion of urban values. After a detailed presentation of the dynamic effect of Caracas on urban planning, this work hopes to portray the way which the population of the inner city undertakes the necessary steps to defend its way of life while remaining conscious of the need to conserve its cultural heritage. In short this study attempts to answer the question: how can the people affected manage to thwart the incoherent action of urban officials? The answer might well rest in granting legal authority to local associations in the urban planning process. We have attempted to study the possible political scope of this participation by city dwellers in a modern capital hoping to retain its non-industrial character
Li, Bing. "Patrimoine et mutation urbaine dans le cadre du développement touristique : le cas de Lijiang, province du Yunnan, Chine." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010660.
Full textSalin, Elodie. ""Les centres historiques du Caire et de Mexico : représentations de l'espace, mutations urbaines et protection du patrimoine"." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597908.
Full textPlard, Mathilde. "Vieillissement et care dans les familles transnationales indiennes. Expériences de vie de brahmanes à Chennai et Coimbatore." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011793.
Full textJoly, Nicolas. "Les territoires renouvelés de l'après-charbon : loisirs et cadre de vie dans le Nord - Pas-de-Calais." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-15-1.pdf.
Full textMadoeuf, Anna. "Images et pratiques de la ville ancienne du Caire : les sens de la ville." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00287621.
Full textL'ensemble se compose de cinq parties. Sont confrontés tout d'abord les récits de la ville : panoramas, scènes et paysages, mais aussi analyses et spéculations, afin d'en évaluer les variations et spécificités. Sont abordées ensuite d'autres formes de représentation de la cité, au travers de la littérature égyptienne contemporaine, déclinée en portraits de la ville ancienne. Ainsi sont analysées les significations des perceptions des quartiers anciens, de même que l'évolution de ces représentations.
D'autres réalités de la ville ancienne, celles qui fondent sa matérialité et son organisation, sont ensuite évoquées. La question qui est alors posée, en variant les angles d'observation et les critères d'analyse - en particulier socio-démographiques -, est celle de la cohérence de cet espace. Dans la continuité de cette démarche, sont envisagés les mécanismes et les correspondances des phénomènes propres à la centralité. De là, on s'attache à une interprétation des valeurs de l'espace - infléchies et réfléchies -, à l'aune de leurs expressions et appropriations.
Chacune des parties est conçue comme une strate d'appréhension de la ville, la mise en exergue d'une apparence de l'espace. Au travers d'un précipité d'images, de faits et d'actions, il s'agissait d'essayer de trouver une combinaison associant plusieurs dimensions de la complexité de la ville, une illustration de sa polysémie. La finalité était aussi de tenter d'évaluer quelques unes des apparences ou des acceptions de la ville ancienne, et de montrer, par leur mise en perspective, qu'elle existe en tant que ʺformation socio-spatialeʺ, qu'elle est une entité spatiale signifiante.
Dufay, Sébastien. "Le schéma directeur : cadre approprié du projet de territoire ? : les exemples d'Arras, Dunkerque, Lille et Valenciennes." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50377-2002-17-1.pdf.
Full textFreyssenge, Julie. "Approche géographique de l’Accident Vasculaire Cérébral, accessibilité et analyse spatiale : application à la région Rhône-Alpes." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1247/document.
Full textStroke is a sudden and brutal pathology that can lead to serious sequelae. The damage to major neurological functions caused by stroke explains these severe sequelae. In the long term, a disability of very varied nature and severity most often persists, often accompanied by significant depressive syndromes and emotional and sometimes behavioural disorders. In France, stroke is the third leading cause of death among men (13,003 deaths) and the first among women (18,343 deaths) in 2013. The management of stroke patients consists of several sequences: the pre-hospital phase, with an urgent need for transfer to a stroke unit (UNV), then acute hospitalization, with emergency therapeutic management and, finally, direct return home. During the pre-hospital phase, the notion of urgency is essential: the sooner the patient is treated, the more likely he is to reduce the risk of serious sequelae. Indeed, a victim loses 2 million neurons every minute during the acute phase of stroke. Two treatments, which may be complementary, exist: thrombolysis and thrombectomy. They are carried out in the treatment reference structures, the stroke unit (UNV). Areas are not equal in terms of stroke management, either in terms of accessibility or in terms of the spatial distribution of stroke occurrences. The geography of health is thus an essential discipline to address these issues. Geographic tools allow to target populations at risk of delay, but also at higher risk of occurrence. This research work thus pursues different complementary objectives. First, this work aims to describe the patient's accessibility to treatment, regardless of where he is treated, from the moment he calls the SAMU centre 15, depending on the type of vectors of care (SAMU, fire brigade), traffic conditions and therapeutic strategy. In this way, populations at risk of delayed care, and possibly lack of access to treatment, can be identified. In addition, the second objective is to describe the spatial distribution of stroke occurrences and characterize models of spatial distribution of stroke. This distribution is then analyzed using different territorial variables (socio-economic, facilities, environmental) to understand the causes of the over-representation of stroke in some areas. In order to conduct a global characterization of the explanatory causes of stroke occurrence, time series analyses were also conducted to determine, among other things, whether a type of time at risk of stroke exists. The analyses conducted throughout this work were based on data from the thrombolytic stroke registry of a French emergency network called Réseau des Urgences de la Vallée du Rhône (RESUVal), as well as data from the STROKE 69 cohort in the Rhone. In addition, the evaluation of accessibility in the department was able to benefit from the use of the SDMIS database.This work is intended to be very operational, making it possible to propose ways to improve stroke management in the region: in terms of the organization and distribution of structures that can treat patients, but also in terms of public policies to raise awareness among populations at risk of having a stroke
Ponceaud, Goreau Emilie. "La diffusion de la préscolarisation en Inde du Sud : le cas du Tamil Nadu et de Pondichéry." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30036.
Full textThe first types of preschool appeared in India as early as 1975 with two clear purposes: offering free day care for all both in rural and urban areas, and fighting against infant malnutrition and the lack of access to health care for young children. Together with an important system of public redistribution, these centers showcase the social measures implemented by the State of Tamil Nadu and the Territory of Pondicherry. Since 2000, educational opportunities have been modified by the emergence in Indian society of new demands and by the involvement of the private sector, NGOs and religious communities. The private sector is today a major actor and many families take advantage of their facilities. My research demonstrates that the demand in favour of preschool is conditioned by the representations and the new expectations of families who aspire to upward social mobility into the middle class. This thesis first describes how this demand is taken into account, or not, by institutions, then how these changes have taken place, and how the State negotiates relations between the public and private sectors and develops partnerships by committing itself to a reassessment of its tasks. Then the focus is put on the role of teachers in order to understand the evolution of preschool. The understanding of their everyday practice shows they have developed professional attitudes which highlight their reflexivity both as purveyors of care and as educators. The analysis articulates the different territorial levels of school ground, school, State, country and international organizations. The designs and expectations of the different actors of preschool are analysed through the prism of observations and interviews within the structures and within the households, acting both as a researcher and an educator
Balai, Samad. "Aménagement hydro-agricole : Développement de la région rurale de Roudsar (Guilan oriental, Iran)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010505.
Full textThe zone we used to call "oriental-guilan" is located between caspienne sea in the north and piedmont of alborz in the south. This zone benefits by a muggy subtropical climat and pol-roud is the main river in the country. The activity of the population is based on a multiplicity of familial farms wich are administered towards an rice out-put production mainly. This district knows a famous position because of the agricultural fertilities and human resources. On the other hand it has to face up to various and important problems on account of climatic risks, permanent increase of population, the cutting up of the land, the presure of the middleman in the agri cultural trade. The som of those problems lead in an economical quandary and to a drift from the country side. Owing to the characteristics of the ground and climat in this country, it is vital for the social and economical developement to rationalize the regulation of the pol-roud deliveries : it is the priority in order to increase the agricultural productivity
Bouhali, Anne. "Fabriquer des centralités marchandes dans le monde arabe : étude comparée de deux quartiers-marchés du commerce transnational au Caire et à Oran." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20108/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation proposes an urban analysis of two globalized marketplaces embedded in transnational circulation of small commodity products made in Asia: al-Mūskī, Cairo (Egypt) and Medina J’dida, Oran (Algeria). It aims at showing how globalization deeply transforms urban settings in the Arab world by offering a rescaling, in order to grasp the complex interactions between the local and the global. It focuses on the inconspicuous urban agencies, and among them the Algerian and Egyptian transnational entrepreneurs, whose economic, social and spatial strategies contribute actively to the making of the city.First, it shows that previous urban and commercial frameworks contribute in both marketplaces to the advent of globalization. Transnational trade takes place in two ancient commercial centralities which operate at different spatial scales, and participates in their upgrading. Secondly, it stresses that made-in-China goods import deeply modifies the spatial organization of both markets and their commercial cityscape. With these goods are also imported new cultural models – which concern both consumption practices of working-class and low medium-class consumers – and commercial urban development. In fact, transnational entrepreneurs are the source of a dynamic urban renewal with the construction of new shopping malls which are one of the indicators of economic and cultural globalization in progress. The commercial city has thus become a valuable resource which private and public agencies are fighting for. Finally, this dissertation argues that urban governance and urban settings of these marketplaces result from the encounter of the logics of both institutions and of ordinary city-dwellers. This situation thus challenges the categories of “formal” and “informal” applied to the city
Passel, Sébastien. "« MOUV », un parcours de marche urbaine pour co-construire le vivre ensemble en ville de Nice." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE2023.
Full textThe project “Optimal Walk in the Green City” – called “MOUV” in French – has the aim to offer an innovative methodology responding to a being-together need, taking into account the ideational and material interactions generated by the city. Putting forward a principle of citizen participation which promotes shared knowledge of the territory, MOUV aims to develop a collective project placing actors at the heart of their lived spaces evolution. The purpose of this project is to include the daily mobility (by urban walking practices) as part of a common founder territorial construction, generating well-being for city dwellers, which brings us inevitably to a project made by the social and cognitive mechanisms transcribed in public spaces.Based on tools and methods pooling interdisciplinary skills of the project team, thirteen sessions of focus groups and social help patrols have been conducted with a diversified panel living within the same perimeter, in the city-center of Nice. In this dialectic of social and spatial, through the development of a collective learning from cartographic workshops based on an adaptation of Maslow's theory, people can define and appropriate rules and common values over the needs which spatialize their wellbeing, demonstrating a collective responsibility taken on the public spaces of their territory
Arnaud, Jean-Luc. "Le Caire : mise en place d'une ville moderne, 1867-1907 : des intérêts khédiviaux aux sociétés privées." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX10066.
Full textHege, Robin. "La régulation du marché de l'aide professionnelle à domicile pour les personnes âgées dépendantes." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E006/document.
Full textThe professional home-care market for the disabled elderly in France is regulated. The APA partially reimburses the professional home-care demand and the price of some home-care producers are fixed by the regulator. These producers must serve every area on the territory. The departmental councils set up these regulation policies. Their goal is to reduce financial and geographical inequalities in terms of access to home-care inside each department. Our thesis tries to determine if reductions of inequalities inside each department increase inequalities between department. The first chapter uses a departmental survey to check if the decentralization of regulation policies creates a heterogeneity between department. The second chapter aims to estimate the effects of the heterogeneity observed in the previous chapter on the home-care consumption. We use a national survey to estimate the price-elasticity of the professional home-care demand. The third chapter uses firm’s billing data to analyze the distribution function of the public support according to personal income and its impact on consumption. Finally, the fourth chapter presents a theoretical model of a mixed market where two firms compete on a market, one of which has a ubiquity constraint. The model studies the effect of this ubiquity constraint on the quality
Iosti, Pauline. "Les inégalités urbaines d’accès aux soins : une étude croisée des logiques d’organisation de l’offre et des trajectoires individuelles de recours aux soins dans la métropole de São Paulo." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3039.
Full textInequalities in access to health care are generally studied through the territorial planning of the health care offer or through the socio-economic vulnerability of populations. However, recent works have contributed to renewing this theme by looking at health care utilization practices at an individual scale and using a longitudinal approach, with a special attention to urban areas. This work seeks to contribute to this renewed analysis of inequalities in access to health care. On the one hand, the purpose of this research is to examine the constraints induced by the spatial configuration of the health care systems and by the urban organization in emerging countries. On the other hand, it questions the way in which these constraints are bypassed or, on the contrary, reproduced in the individual trajectories of access to health care of urban populations. Two neighbourhoods of the municipality of São Paulo were studied, using a qualitative methodology combining non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with health professionals and users of the public system. Two main results emerge from this thesis. Firstly, it shows the mixed effects of the organization of health care provision on inequalities in access to health care. Indeed, the organization of primary health care makes it possible to respond to local health needs, but the territorialization of care and the lack of a complex offer create significant constraints, particularly for the most vulnerable populations. Secondly, this study highlights the way in which prior social inequalities are reflected in individual health practices. Thus, individual trajectories show an unequal fluidity that illustrates the unequal capacity of individuals to act on these trajectories, in order to put them in line with their health care projects. Finally, it contributes to the identification of inequalities between urban populations in relation to the right to the city and to what the city has to offer
As desigualdades no acesso à atenção à saúde são um tema de estudo geralmente abordado, em geografia, pelo prisma do planeamento territorial da oferta ou da vulnerabilidade socioeconómica das populações. Porém, trabalhos recentes têm contribuído para a renovação deste tema, analisando as práticas de utilização da atenção à saúde à uma escala individual, com uma perspectiva longitudinal e com um novo interesse nas áreas urbanas. Esta tese procura contribuir para esta análise renovada das desigualdades no acesso à atenção à saúde. Ela estuda, por um lado, os obstáculos induzidos pela configuração espacial dos sistemas de saúde e pela organização das metrópoles dos países emergentes, e, por outro lado, a forma como estes obstáculos estão contornados ou, pelo contrário, reproduzidos nas trajetórias individuais de utilização da atenção à saúde das populações urbanas. Dois bairros do município de São Paulo foram estudados, utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa que combina observação não participativa e entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de saúde e usuários do sistema público. Dois resultados emergem deste estudo. Primeiramente, ele mostra os efeitos mistos da organização da atenção nas desigualdades de acesso à saúde: a organização da atenção básica responde em parte às necessidades de saúde locais, mas a territorialização dos serviços de saúde e a carência da oferta complexa criam grandes obstáculos, particularmente para as populações as mais vulneráveis. Esta tese também revela que as desigualdades sociais se traduzem nas práticas de saúde individuais: as trajetórias de utilização da atenção estão desigualmente fluidas, o que reflete a capacidade desigual dos indivíduos à atuar sobre essas trajetórias para as alinhar com os planos de cuidados deles. Por fim, este estudo contribui para a identificação de desigualdades entre as populações urbanas no respeito ao direito à cidade e ao que a cidade tem para oferecer
Nadeau, Charles. "La nordicité et son influence sur les sciences naturelles aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28922/28922.pdf.
Full textAlouis, Karine. "La géographicité des médecins libéraux : application à la métropole parisienne de la fin du XIXème siècle à 2012." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100133.
Full textThe amount of the physicians has been a cause of concern for a long time. The private practitioners uneven distribution is well known since several centuries. Contemporary accounts and numerous research works have demonstrated the persistence of their attraction for urban environment. But, the urbanization of the country since the middle 19th century has muddled up the deciphering of these links. Urban development has been particularly important in Paris area because it includes the french capital. That development still goes on, accelerated by the metropolization generated by globalization. Thanks to a dynamic approach ignored in France, the objective of this thesis is to reveal and explain the private physicians distribution due to their adaptation to the urban dynamics. We have used a quantitative approach by using of historical archives and current data. In addition, the qualitative research was implemented in two suburb towns. Our study demonstrates that since the 19th century, centrality is the determining factor of their distribution. In fact, private doctors are an indicator of that spatial property. The noticed evolutions reveal the oldness and the stability of spatial functional imbalances in Paris area. They are stressed by the metropolization. The benefit of hindsight highlights different spatial logics of population and physicians. There are no sanitary logics in their spatial behavior
Raynaud, Joy. "L'accès aux soins : des perceptions du territoire aux initiatives des acteurs : concepts, mesures et enquêtes pour une analyse géographique de l'organisation et du développement d'une offre de soins durable." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967067.
Full textChevillard, Guillaume. "Dynamiques territoriales et offre de soins : l’implantation des maisons de santé en France métropolitaine." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100109/document.
Full textFrance faces an old and persistent problem, which is geographical imbalance of general practitioners. This uneven distribution grows at a steady pace due to less attractive areas. New urban and rural areas are emerging with limited access to primary health care, while existing ones grow even bigger. Since 2008, the liberal primary care team (PCT) are financially supported by the public authorities. They hope this structure will attract and retain general practitioner in the aforementioned areas.This study aims to explore how the space and the territory contribute to the localisation of PCT and how these structures affect spaces and territories. Localisation and impact of PCT are studied at different level, using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Spatial analysis of PCT is based on several tools such as SIG and typology in synergy with field investigation in two French regions. Effects of PCT on general practitioner density are studied on a national scale comparing the evolution of this density in space with PCT and similar space without PCT. The results are completed with field investigation
Brun, Jérémie. "Les leviers de l’attractivité des villes petites et moyennes en décroissance : une recherche-action au sein du périmètre de l’Agence d’urbanisme Sud Bourgogne." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCG004/document.
Full textAttractiveness is an important objective for the elected representatives of small and medium-sized towns taken in a context of demographic decline. This phenomenon encourages them to invest in forms of territorial competition. This thesis is part of a « Convention Industrielle de Formation par la Recherche » signed with the Agence d’Urbanisme Sud Bourgogne, whose scope of intervention is located in the north of the Saône-et-Loire department, between Chalon-sur- Saone, Le Creusot, Montceau-les-Mines and Autun. This particularity has led to the realization of operational missions directly in the field. The objective of this research is to question the attractiveness of the political level of these cities in terms of their deep negative dynamics. In this context, the notion of « attractiveness » has been deconstructed into three components, « appeal », « attraction » and « acquaintances », referring to issues of living environment and structuring intra and interterritorial relations. The facilitated insertion into the study area, through a structure already integrated locally, made possible to set up a methodology based on participant observation, supplemented by a local and national statistical investigation, which led to the identification of two lines of operational research. The first reports on the potential for complementarity in terms of amenities, between intercommunalities, in the reflection of an interSCoT approach, while the second shows the opportunity represented by demographic ageing in terms of economic development, face to face and productive. These insights provide the tools to understand the attractiveness of local resources, even when they are usually understood as indicators of decay, and this, attenuating the confrontation between territories and enhancing their articulation
Twitchett, William. "Le site urbain : potentialités : réflexions sur le développement responsable et équilibré des établissements humains à partir de six exemples français, égyptiens et australiens." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040056.
Full textThis thesis is a comparative study of sites carried out in the present context of world population growth and more particularly of urban population growth. The site is considered as: the support for the city in its evolution; an element of potential for cities in the future. Following the introduction, information is given concerning the territories in which the three couples of case studies have been chosen. The change of scale of lifestyle is underlined. To complete volume 1, several background questions are then presented, including those of climate and river basins. Volume 2 includes: presentation of the situation in 1800; the period of confirmation of the large cities; an analysis of the recent period of occupation of the urban site. Volume 3 includes a prospective approach to the six examples, attempting to identify obstacles to growth as well as to appreciate the development potential of each site. The general conclusions concern the value of generalizations based on the case studies, the significance of the regional site, the influence of unmanageable factors in urban development, the relative importance of the notion of site, as well as questions of development by extension or by mutation
Wiederkehr, Elise. "Apport de la géomatique pour une caractérisation physique multi-échelle des réseaux hydrographiques. Elaboration d'indicateurs appliqués au bassin du Rhône." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782100.
Full textBerger, Morgan. "L'accessibilité aux soins des hémophiles en Bretagne." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772541.
Full textHétu, Dominique. "Geographies of Care and Posthuman Relationality in North American Fiction by Women." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18452.
Full textThis dissertation explores how seven contemporary North-American novels written by women illustrate the primacy of relationality. To achieve this goal, I use the notions of “geographies of care” and “posthuman care” critically to uncover, in the texts, gestures, and attitudes of care that facilitate, despite obstacles, the appropriation of social and intimate structures through the development of spaces and relationships of solidarity. This study places caring and discursive practices into dialogue to circumscribe “les inégalités structurelles et les enjeux de domination qui touchent les sujets marginalisés” (Bourgault & Perreault 11). The first chapter consists of a theoretical discussion at the intersection of emotional geography (Davidson, Bondi & Smith, Anderson & Smith), feminist space theory (Shands, Miranne & Young, Massey), care ethics (Laugier, Tronto, DeFalco), and critical posthumanism (Braidotti, Hayle). I expose the interconnections between care and relational space before showing the relevance of geographies of care over the notion of home. Finally, I introduce the idea of posthuman care as a critical tool for reading new subjectivities and for complicating the input of care when intersubjective relations involve the nonhuman. Chapter two explores caring and spatial preservation and protection practices in the novels Housekeeping and Room, by looking at how each text illustrates difficulties of caregiving and care receiving in contexts of patriarchal oppression, social marginalization, and familial tensions. It also sets certain theoretical and methodological beacons regarding the reading and the configuring, as a privileged reader, of representations of fragile subjectivities and spaces of domination in the texts. The third chapter investigates two novels that dramatize domestic spaces marked by exclusion, power dynamics, and control of the body: The Birth House and Sous béton. In both novels the geographies of care expose complex links between notions of relational proximity, belonging and autonomy as the characters’ everyday struggle is characterized by constraining social, moral and scientific conventions that tend to dehumanize those who do not fit. Chapter four analyzes how the burden of trauma and ghostly figures affect the relational experiences of characters, their sense of hospitality and ability to heal. The novels Home and Le ciel de Bay City illustrate how these ghostly figures symbolize and testify to the interconnections between memory, trauma, and responsibility and uncover links between past and present that care illuminates. And finally, Chapter five addresses the notion of “posthuman care” directly by returning to Sous béton and Room, in which the characters evolve through interactions with the nonhuman. I also address the post-apocalyptic novel The Year of the Flood, in which the protagonists make use of strategies of resistance that foster solidarity, healing, and easier adaptation to techno-scientific excesses.
Dionne-Foster, Catherine. "Géologie et indices de Ni-Cu-ÉGP de la zone Frontier dans la ceinture de Cape Smith, Nouveau-Québec." Thèse, 2007. http://constellation.uqac.ca/394/1/030008268.pdf.
Full textGrenier, Louis. "Cadre structural et potentiel de minéralisation aurifère au Front de Grenville : secteur nord-est du pluton de La Dauversière." Thèse, 2016. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4078/1/Grenier_uqac_0862N_10264.pdf.
Full textGiovenazzo, Danielle. "Géologie et caractéristiques géochimiques des minéralisations Ni-Cu-EGP de la région de Delta, ceinture de Cape-Smith, Nouveau-Québec." Thèse, 1991. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1493/1/1467917.pdf.
Full textTremblay, Sabrina. "Processus d’empowerment communautaire dans le cadre d’un projet de développement local en santé de proximité : le cas de la MRC Robert-Cliche et de sa coopérative de santé." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4385/1/Tremblay_uqac_0862D_10384.pdf.
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