Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geography|Landscape architecture|Urban planning

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books

Academic literature on the topic 'Geography|Landscape architecture|Urban planning'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Geography|Landscape architecture|Urban planning"

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Haklay, Muki, Piotr Jankowski, and Zbigniew Zwoliński. "Selected Modern Methods and Tools for Public Participation in Urban Planning – A Review." Quaestiones Geographicae 37, no. 3 (September 6, 2018): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0030.

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Abstract The paper presents a review of contributions to the scientific discussion on modern methods and tools for public participation in urban planning. This discussion took place in Obrzycko near Poznań, Poland. The meeting was designed to allow for an ample discussion on the themes of public participatory geographic information systems, participatory geographic information systems, volunteered geographic information, citizen science, Geoweb, geographical information and communication technology, Geo-Citizen participation, geo-questionnaire, geo-discussion, GeoParticipation, Geodesign, Big Data and urban planning. Participants in the discussion were scholars from Austria, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Finland, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the USA. A review of public participation in urban planning shows new developments in concepts and methods rooted in geography, landscape architecture, psychology, and sociology, accompanied by progress in geoinformation and communication technologies. The discussions emphasized that it is extremely important to state the conditions of symmetric cooperation between city authorities, urban planners and public participation representatives, social organizations, as well as residents.
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Bhatt, Vikram, and Leila Marie Farah. "Editorial." Open House International 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2009-b0001.

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The Millennium Development Goals and Agenda 21 objectives have generated international research initiatives in the emerging field of urban agriculture (UA); these efforts in productive growing and food production in the urban domain are gaining pre-eminence. UA was first coined in the 80s by agro-economists who recognized informal gardening practices in southern cities (Ba et all), but it no longer is uniquely associated to the South. UA includes a broad rage of activities: the cultivation of plants, medicinal and aromatic herbs, fruit trees, and the raising of animals, poultry and fish to support the household economy, the site's ecology, as well as social and cultural activities. Thus, UA cuts across multiple disciplines - such as development, urban geography, food security, city planning, landscape architecture, urban design, housing, farming and agronomy - all of which are touched upon by the academic and professional contributors in this special issue of Open House International.
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SCATENA, Donatella. "PERCEIVING THE VOID AND THE LIVING BEING TO BUILD NEW ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY URBAN SPACES." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 42, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2018.2024.

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The definition of perception concerns the awareness of a reality considered external to the subject. Even before architecture and landscape, other disciplines had already dealt with perception.In psychology, simultaneously with the discovery of the unconscious by Freud and Jung, the Gestalt theory was developed, with which we passed from an elementary conception of perception to its definition as the sum of interrelated actions organised between themselves, moving the perceptive act on a purely inner level.German psychologist Kurt Zadek Lewin has shown that social behaviours are an expression of an exchange between the personal places of life and the environment. This theory was essential to deal with the phenomena of open spaces.In the perception of the landscape, the fragmented and partial view gets overcame by the holistic concept of environment, which allows us to conceive the landscape as a whole.The observer’s topic and its perception concern the centrality of the landscape concept, as it is defined by the European Landscape Convention. For architects, the observational notion takes on crucial importance both in the relationship between nature and artificial, both in relation to the context of the urban landscape and of the city open spaces. The analysis of Gordon Cullen and Kevin Lynch appears to be significant. Their researches on the subjective representation of the environment have shown how it is possible to distinguish between an objective and physical reality of the territory and the architectural space, and the perception of the singular environmental reality and of the personal space.In the ‘50s the duality of object-observed-outer and perception-inner of the subject was examined by the writer Aldus Huxley in The Doors of Perception, in which he described an outer landscape that gets reflected and amplified in the inner landscape. The works of the great landscape painters are born exactly from this marriage between inner and outer.In 1988 the aesthetic madness of Huxley found a scientific basis in the person of Gilles Deleuze, who attempted, through a metaphor, to define the evolution of perception and of the modern experience in the metaphysics of the chaos.And it is here that Deleuze, and with him Leibniz, returns to that perceiving the outside world as a reflection of the inner world.Nowadays the holistic concept of perception and the multiplicity of the gaze are studied and proposed by the science of geography and by a new sense of the places.
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Grichting, Anna Katharina. "REVIEW OF ‘TERRAIN VAGUE: INTERSTICES AT THE EDGE OF THE PALE’ By Manuela Mariani and Patrick Barron (editors). London & New York, Routledge, 2014, 256 pages, ISBN 978-0415827683." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 8, no. 1 (March 3, 2014): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v8i1.362.

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The concept of terrain vague was first theorized by Ignasi de Sola-Morales in the mid 1990s as a contemporary space of project and design that includes the marginal wastelands and vacant lots that are located outside the city’s productive spaces – which Morales describes as oversights in the landscape that are mentally exterior in the physical interior of the city. Around the same time, the artist and architect collective Stalker defined Terrains Vagues in the plural as spaces of confrontation and contamination between the organic and the inorganic, between nature and artifice that constitute the built city’s negative, the interstitial and the marginal, spaces abandoned by economic forces, or in the process of transformation.This book Terrain Vague: Interstices at the Edge of the Pale – edited by the architect Manuela Mariani and the professor of English Patrick Barron - seeks to expand on Sola-Morales ideas and to present the terrain vague through a taxonomy of urban empty spaces presented by the authors in the introduction – derelict lands, brownfields, voids, loose spaces, heterotopias, dead zones, urban wilds, counter-sites. The book aims to collectively refine this notion as a central concept of urban planning and design, architecture, landscape architecture, film studies, cultural geography, literature, photography, and cultural studies, looking at possible positive alternatives to the negative images projected into them.
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Abouhassan, Marwa. "Historical Places and Identity of the Cities: Khuzam Palace Museum, Jeddah." Resourceedings 2, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i2.684.

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Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about identity and place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture, and environmental psychology. Place identity has become a significant issue in the last 25 years in urban planning and design. Place identity concerns the meaning and significance of places for their inhabitants and users, and how these meanings contribute to individuals' conceptualizations of self. Place identity also relates to the context of mogdernity, history, and the politics of representation (Proshansky et al., 1995).Jeddah went through dramatic changes in the last 70 years after demolishing the old city wall and oil booming, which affected the identity, traditions, and lifestyle (Shiber, 1967). In order to eliminate the lack of city identity and change the people's attachment to Jeddah's new urban development, this paper will take Khuzam Palace Museum as a case study to express the relationship between the past and present in the city. The paper will have an analytical review of urban memory, place identity, and place attachment elements. At the end, the paper will set some recommendations to consider using and respecting the community memories from the past that related physical elements and social interaction that have to express into new forms of place-making in the future development to increase the identity and the sense of belonging in Jeddah city.
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Galan, Juanjo, Felix Bourgeau, and Bas Pedroli. "A Multidimensional Model for the Vernacular: Linking Disciplines and Connecting the Vernacular Landscape to Sustainability Challenges." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 6, 2020): 6347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166347.

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After developing a systematic analysis of the vernacular phenomenon in different disciplines, this paper presents a flexible model to understand the multiple factors and the different degrees of vernacularity behind the many processes that lead to the generation of material culture. The conceptual model offers an open, polythetic and integrative approach to the vernacular by assuming that it operates in different dimensions (temporal, socio-political, sociological, locational, epistemological, procedural, economic and functional), and that the many attributes or characteristics included in those dimensions are all relevant but not strictly necessary. The model is intended to facilitate a more methodical and rigorous connection between the vernacular concept and contemporary discourses on sustainability, resilience, globalization, governance, and rural-urban development. In addition, and due to its transdisciplinary character, the model will enable the development of comparative studies within and between a wide range of fields (architecture, landscape studies, design, planning and geography). A prospective analysis of the use of the model in rural landscapes reveals its potential to mediate between the protective approach that has characterized official planning during the last decades and emergent approaches that advocate the reinterpretation of the vernacular as a new form to generate new collective identities and to reconnect people and place.
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Giovannelli, Anna. "Reuse of the existing." Joelho Revista de Cultura Arquitectonica, no. 9 (December 28, 2018): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8681_9_8.

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Design the contemporary city and architecture means, first of all, dealing with the existing, a huge amount of abandoned space, of uninhabited factories, of crumbling artefacts, of an entire territory which asks to be taken care of. After years of urban sprawl with soil consumption, it is necessary to rethink the way of planning in the existing contexts of the contemporary city and its environmental sustainability. The immediacy of new constructions is often preferred to the recycling of existing ones that work in the long term and return value to the places and their historical stratifications. This is why today the reuse of the existing represents the real emergency to face with a process of regeneration of cities and their territories, where the architectural project, with the contribution of other disciplines - such as archaeology and restoration, geography and landscape design - represents the only instrument able to offer an answer to the current problems of urban structures. Reuse is actually a necessity as well as an emergency; reuse is the ontological condition of architecture because every building has always recycled materials and spaces to reshape the new and we need to analyse past examples of reuse in order to create a methodology for the design reuse of existing structures. This paper aims to contribute to the definition of a teaching methodology of reuse through design and proposes an approach that interprets those characters of the different architectural forms of the existing modernist buildings.
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Lozanovska, Mirjana. "Migrant Housing in the City and the Village: from Melbourne to Zavoj." Open House International 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2009-b0005.

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This paper will discuss the kinds of communities that evolve through historical practices of migration. The migrant house is associated with a new architecture that had appeared in the cities of immigration of the new worlds (Melbourne, Toronto, Chicago). It is perceived as a stereotypical symbolisation of immigrants from Southern European origins that had arrived in the decades following the Second World War. The appearance of houses built by returning migrants in sites of origin suggests other trajectories, other modes of travel, and other forms of community. Central to the thesis of this paper is the testimony of two types of migrant houses. The study draws on theories of migration that address the site of departure, the site of arrival, and the question and conflict of return which is at the centre of the migrant's imaginary. This study will examine the migrant houses in the village of emigration (Zavoj in Macedonia), migrant houses built by returning emigrants. A study of the two houses of migration implicates a set of networks, forces, relations, circumscribing a large global geopolitical and cultural field that questions our understandings of diaspora, the binary structure of dwelling/travelling, and the fabric and fabrication of community. In addition, the paper will explore the notion of house as an imaginary landscape, a psychic geography narrated through migratory travels.
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Grietena, Aija. "Interaction of landscape space and indoors in architecture of the open-air concert hall “Mitava”." Landscape architecture and art 17 (March 14, 2021): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.17.07.

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In the search for balancing factors in the art of environmental design between architecture, landscape architecture, and interiors needed to improve interdisciplinary collaborative planning and enhance the psycho-emotional quality of the environment, the study of landscape space-indoor interaction through comparative analysis and inductive reference is continued. On the Latvian scale, the new, 21st-century technological capabilities in the design and production of wooden structures in the architecture of the open air concert hall “Mītava”, constructed in 2019 on Pasta Island. The importance of the structure on the Baltic scale is emphasized by the unique design, which resembles a shell washed on the bank of the Lielupe River, large (<60m) arched timber continuous roof structures and high acoustic characteristics. Original building structures have opened up new opportunities for interaction between landscape space and indoor space, creating a broad, spatial synthesis. The realization of an artistically stylistic concept in the open-air concert hall “Mītava”, which is subordinated to the existing landscape space and supplemented with appropriate greenery, is considered a valuable contribution to the urban environment. The specific case study analyzed in detail underlines the importance of successful interdisciplinary collaboration in the harmonious interaction between landscape space and indoor.
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Ferreira, Sanette, and Lukas Beuster. "Stellenbosch coffee society: Societal and locational preferences." Urbani izziv Supplement, no. 30 (February 17, 2019): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2019-30-supplement-005.

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Stellenbosch is a university town boasting knowledge-intensive economic sectors with a variety of ‘new economy’ occupations and activities. The presence of a professional and creative class, as well as university students has changed the economy, the retail landscape and the social spaces of the town. This paper reports on an investigation of the geography of coffee shops (third places) in downtown Stellenbosch and describes the social and physical factors which influence customer preferences for certain coffee shops. A brief review of the literature on the evolution of coffee shop and café cultures, the functioning as third places and the siting of coffee shops in inner cities (or specific neighbourhoods) is presented. A mixed-methods research approach consisting of transect walks, a questionnaire survey and three in-depth-interviews with coffee shop owners (or managers) is explained. The study area in the historical precinct of the town is contextualised. The bigger picture of coffee consumption in Stellenbosch – social and locational preferences, place attachments of consumers and the relative location of coffee shops – is sketched. The findings of three in-depth case studies (selected speciality coffee shops) are discussed. The paper concludes by pointing out some implications for the planning of consumption spaces in secondary cities in developing world contexts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Geography|Landscape architecture|Urban planning"

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Lozynskyi, Roman. "Landscapes of Privatization in Emerging Suburbs of Post-socialist Countries| The Case of Sokilnyky, Lviv, Ukraine." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10616375.

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I analyze Lviv outskirt settlement Sokilnyky in Ukraine in order to find out which social structures, emerged or reconstituted after the collapse of the Soviet Union, are expressed in cultural landscape and how. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and redirection of Ukrainian economy to the neoliberal way of economy and the emergence of the distinctive post-socialist form of capitalism (Hirt 2012), largest cities’ environs became places of drastic change in demography, housing, infrastructure, land-use and landscape. Former predominantly agricultural areas became desirable places to live for the new rich Ukrainians. In addition suburbs were commercialized with the emergence of segregated commercial units including big box shopping malls. Currently post-socialist suburbs are mixed income with different social classes coexisting in one area face to face, however the segregation of affluent people is evident in new residential areas where fortress houses have emerged. At the same time Lviv suburbs still retain their rural face with supplemental family farming practiced mainly by long-term residents. After the strict planning regulations during the Soviet period, nowadays the lack of planning and architectural regulations together with drastic privatization of former agrarian land created eclectic landscapes being also the landscapes of privilege and inequality.

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Chapman, Gary Allen. "Design variables and the success of outdoor neighborhood recreational facilities." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278696.

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Today, park use is at an all-time high with the number of city parks increasing at a growing rate each year. Designing a successful outdoor neighborhood recreational facility insures that the surrounding population has an enjoyable, safe, and lasting space to recreate. This study properly illustrates the process in designing a successful neighborhood park. A demographic analysis, conducted in Southern California's Coachella Valley, identified three neighborhood parks as ideal study sites. Likewise, the review of existing literature, site observations, and the analysis of a carefully designed survey developed the appropriate methodology in meeting the intent of this study. As author, I wish to stress the importance of process. If the designer of a neighborhood facility is to meet the recreational goals of any community, he or she must first take action in understanding the appropriate process. Once this understanding is achieved, effective design guidelines may then be developed.
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Castrillo, Marta R. "Evaluating the effects of context in the use of two downtown Tucson urban plazas using qualitative and quantitative approaches." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278754.

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Urban plazas, together with streets, and parks, constitute the remaining public realm of our cities. Their function, as facilitators of social interaction, is most evident in areas where urban structure still prevails in relation to pedestrian use. Since pedestrians represent the majority of potential users, use of these spaces is intimately related to surrounding population and activities, and may be affected by how the immediate context is configured. This study examined two urban plazas in downtown Tucson, with their context, to develop methods of analysis and evaluation of potential effects of contextual elements in their use. Overall, this study found that combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches was useful in the generation of data, as well as analytical tools. Although this study's results are limited to the spaces analyzed, potential relationships are suggested between aspects of plaza use and specific elements of the human and physical context.
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Hackenberger, Benjamin C. "The San Antonio Wash: Addressing the Gap Between Claremont and Upland." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/136.

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Access to water from San Antonio Creek was critical in Claremont’s growth from a small stop on the Santa Fe Railroad to an agricultural powerhouse and an elite college town. While Claremont has sought to distinguish itself from surrounding communities since its founding in 1882, the innovative Pomona Valley Protective Association (PVPA) aligned Claremont with the City of Pomona and its other neighbors in a scheme to conserve the Creek’s resources at the turn of the century. Organized around the discovery of local confined aquifers and the development of a strategy to recharge them with water from the San Antonio Creek, the Association was a contradictory moment of cooperation in an otherwise highly contentious zero-sum game of water rights politics. As conflicts wore on, the PVPA quietly orchestrated the purchase of large tracts of land in the San Antonio Creekbed, where the construction of diversion dams and spreading grounds served dual purposes of water conservation and flood control. As dam building in the Creekbed continued, large tracts of the previously undevelopable Wash were transferred to the aggregate mining institutions that gouged the area’s many gravel pits. This thesis uses the story of the PVPA and the contemporary example of the Claremont University Consortium Gravel Pit to explore the context of development in the San Antonio Creek Wash. Understanding the political and social contexts of the gravel quarry problem reveals possibilities for a more integrative, conscious, and sustainable approach to improving the former gravel quarries that currently occupy the Wash landscape.
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Shirtcliff, Benjamin A. "Deep play, urban space, adolescent place: a multi-sited study of the effects of settings on adolescent risk/reward behavior." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1481.

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The extant literature on the play behavior of youth normalizes adolescent behavior in public space as transgressional, resistant, and in need of social control. The dissertation counters this trend by looking to see if physical qualities, peer effects, and neighborhood context of settings play a deeper role in youth behavior. The study documented urban context, peer effects, physical features, and play behavior across 21 urban settings in New Orleans. Unobtrusive observations employed a highly innovative technique based on YouTube videos and analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. Coded observations of risk-taking and prosocial behavior demonstrated some stability in behavior amongst adolescents—“youth” ages 12-19—within each site, suggesting that site-specific factors can constrain youth behavior. Yet, more interesting, teens appropriated sites. Specifically, the study found that (a) adolescents consistently adapt play behavior due to settings and (b) that adolescents adapt sites to support play behavior. The latter finding is novel and diverges from normative theory on adolescent behavior by suggesting that teens exercise interdependence when engaging in urban environments away from home and school. Interdependence is a term derived from economics that means mutual dependence upon others for some needs. That adolescents display increased risk-taking behavior in environments with low appropriation and increased prosocial behavior in environments with high appropriation advocates for cities to support adolescent appropriation of urban space.
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Lundergan, Ryan W. "Parking regulation strategies and policies to support transit-oriented development." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/365/.

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Jackson, Etta Delores. "The Role of Geospatial Information and Effective Partnerships in the Implementation of the International Agenda for Sustainable Development." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1594291234482502.

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Ghirardi, Ludovic. "Rhodapolis, structure linéaire fluvio-urbaine de la vallée du Rhône comme forme intelligible de ville diffuse." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN059.

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Cette thèse de doctorat traite de morphogenèse urbaine dans la vallée du Rhône, quelques trois cents kilomètres rectilignes de Lyon à la Méditerranée. Elle soutient l’ « hypothèse projectuelle » Rhodapolis, une structure linéaire fluvio-urbaine, qui a pour ambition d’améliorer l’habitabilité de la ville diffuse dans le corridor rhodanien. Cinq « concepts formels » (Dynamic Blue Mesh, structure linéo-réticulaire interactive, archipel linéaire rhodanien, European Urbanized Rivers, ville rézotopique) y sont énoncés et un laboratoire-prototype in situ (LGV-Lab) y est présenté. Le folioscope liminaire, constitué d’une série de photographies documentaires, porte un regard sur cette Vallée pour révéler la singularité d’un objet géographique qu’on ne sait pas voir. Ce recueil d’images procède d’une extraction d’informations sensibles, sources de problématiques inhérentes au site. La production d’un atlas spécifique comme épreuve épistémo iconographique, via le logiciel Q GIS, a démontré la valeur cognitive de résultats cartographiques observables dont les morphotypes urbains prospectifs sont les plus représentatifs. Le fleuve, lieu extraordinaire à reconsidérer, véritable agrégateur d’urbanité et de tiers-paysage, constitue la réalité physique d’un genius loci qui doit s’immiscer dans une pensée urbaine standard hors-sol trop dématérialisée. La notion de linéarité à l’origine du réseau- façonnant durablement l’environnement y est questionnée à partir de travaux anthropologiques, architecturaux et géographiques. Désurbanisme, architecture organique, Regional Planning invitent à une relation étroite entre territoire et architecture, interaction de deux échelles antagonistes préfigurant une autre manière de concevoir l’espace urbain du XXIème siècle.À travers la définition d’une structure hybride, Rhodapolis se veut une forme urbaine capable de faire cohabiter les deux modèles urbains prédominants de métropolisation et de périurbanisation, pour en extrapoler certaines de leurs qualités respectives. Entre autocritique et essai de généralisation, la conclusion propose l’introspection de Rhodapolis, spécimen d’une quatrième ville pensée par le fleuve, dont hybridité, organicité et europanéité seraient les principales caractéristiques. Enfin, cette thèse soutenue par un architecte, a tenté d’avancer ce qui pourrait définir une architecturologie : à partir d’une méthode expérimentale, un recentrement de la recherche architecturale est esquissé, en affirmant à travers le principe transcalaire les notions de forme, de projet et de conception spatiale, qui constitueraient les fondements de la discipline
This PhD thesis deals with urban morphogenesis of the Rhône Valley, stretching 300 km rectilinearly from Lyon to the Mediterranean sea. It defends the « designed hypothesis » Rhodapolis which intends to enhance the living capability of urban sprawl along the Rhône River. Five formal concepts (Dynamic Blue Mesh, Interactive Network Frame, Rhodanian Linear Archipelago, European Urbanized Rivers, Web-Place City) are being detailed in this work as well as a prototype laboratory in-situ (LGV-Lab).The preliminary flipbook, made of a series of documentary photographs has the intention to reveal the singularity of a geographic object that we miss to watch spontaneously. From this fluvial site, the flipbook is built out of a critical outlook which has established some of the issues raised. The production of a specific epistemo-iconographic atlas through Q-GIS software has proven the cognitive value of observable cartographic results, which prospective urban morphotypes are the most representative. The river, highly extraordinary place to re-envision, consolidating urbanity and third-landscape, is the tangible reality of a genius loci that needs to interfere a standard urban soil-less thinking. Based on anthropologic, architectural and geographic works, we are questioning the notion of linearity shaping the environment. Desurbanism, organic architecture, Regional Planning : all those notions imply a tight relationship between the concepts of territory and architecture ; somehow opposite, the interaction of those scales give us tools to have a different thinking around urban design in the XXI century.With its hybrid structure, Rhodapolis is a kind of urban concept that is inspired by the two main urban models of metropolisation and suburbanization : selecting and extrapolating a few of their respective characteristics. At the junction of a critical self reflective paper and a generalist essay, the conclusion offers an introspection of Rhodapolis, a specimen of the 4th type city shaped by the river ; its hybridity, organicity and europeanity side would be its main characteristics. In the end, this thesis defended by an architect, tries to put forward what could define architecturology : starting from experimental work, a refocus on architectural research is initiated by asserting – through the transcaling principle- notions of shape, of design and of spatial conception, as the basis of the architectural field
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Moreau, Lee. "Houston inside, slowly." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17362.

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When Houston looks at itself, it is usually through a windshield. As Reyner Banham realized in Los Angeles, one must learn to drive in order to experience the city at the rate and scale in which it is continuously designed. The car is an appropriate analytical tool for investigating an urban condition in which large distances must be traversed quickly in order to maintain urban cohesion and experiential continuity. It is not necessary to slow oneself down in order to recognize the existence of other spaces, spaces that do not conform to general urban use patterns. One can "see" them at seventy miles per hour. What if the object of research is not spatial continuity, but rather, the very things that this space divides, omits, and jumps over? This urban residuum is not designed or used at breakneck speeds. It must be examined at a much slower pace---the speed of a bulldozer or, perhaps, a pedestrian---a relative crawl. To actually enter and investigate this space requires a wholesale elimination of the mechanisms that allow the city to operate in the first place. There are significant breaks in urban space that cannot be understood from the 30th floor or, even, from the sidewalk.
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Baitch, Brenden. "Firesafe: Designing for Fire-Resilient Communities in the American West." 2021. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/1033.

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The perception that wildfires are completely preventable has caused many structures and communities to be built in locations that will inevitably experience an uncontrollable fire event, risking human lives and infrastructure. Modification of built environments into fire-adapted communities has been explored in this thesis, through multiple strategies. Central to this analysis is the idea that sustainable human developments could adopt a form of biomimicry and indigenous design informed by the adaptions of plants, animals, and native groups that endure and even thrive with regular cycles of fire. This possibility has been assessed through the scope of fire adaptation strategies available to architects, builders, and urban planners. Design decisions including the strategic placement of buildings in relation to topography, wind, vegetation type, and fuel loads has been considered. Additionally, other mechanisms for adaptation have been assessed, such as fire-retardant building materials, building form, landscaping, and the density of built form on the scale of single homes, and broader communities. The thesis identifies a typical building site, the adjacent community, the potential threats to landscape and buildings posed by wildfire, and then explores design approaches aimed at improving fire adaptability. These factors have been considered and assessed on a qualitative level and offer new recommendations for building within fire zones. These design ideas and principles can then be applied to a variety of landscapes wherein the wildfire is inevitable, thereby exploring how fire-adapted communities may be built to sustain wildfires through a myriad of methods within a range of regions.
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Books on the topic "Geography|Landscape architecture|Urban planning"

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Kato, Shinsuke. Ventilating Cities: Air-flow Criteria for Healthy and Comfortable Urban Living. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.

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Greater Portland: Urban life and landscape in the Pacific Northwest. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001.

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Augustin, Jean-Pierre, Mario Bédard, and Richard Desnoilles. L'imaginaire géographique: Perspectives, pratiques et devenirs. Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2012.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. On Location: Heritage Cities and Sites. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2012.

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International Federation of Landscape Architects, ed. Encyclopedic dictionary of landscape and urban planning: Multilingual reference book in English, Spanish, French and German. Berlin: Springer, 2010.

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6

Sufi City: Urban design and archetypes in Touba. Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 2006.

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7

I, Wilson Mark, ed. Urban and regional technology planning: Planning practice in the global knowledge economy. New York: Routledge, 2006.

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8

1953-, Backhaus Gary, Murungi John 1943-, and Philosophy and Geography Conference (Towson University), eds. Transformations of urban and suburban landscapes: Perspectives from philosophy, geography, and architecture. Lanham, Md: Lexington Books, 2002.

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9

Klaus-Jürgen, Evert, and International Federation of Landscape Architects., eds. Lexikon, Landschafts- und Stadtplanung: Mehrsprachiges Wörterbuch über Planung, Gestaltung und Schutz der Umwelt = Dictionary, landscape and urban planning : multilingual ditionary of environmental planning, design and conservation. Berlin: Springer, 2001.

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Klaus-Jürgen, Evert, and International Federation of Landscape Architects., eds. Lexikon: Landschafts- und Stadtplanung: Mehrsprachiges Wörterbuch über Planung, Gestaltung und Schutz der Umwelt. Berlin: Springer, 2001.

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