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Academic literature on the topic 'Géologie – Méthodes statistiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Géologie – Méthodes statistiques"
Acherkouk, Mohamed, Abdesselam Maatougui, and Mohamed Aziz El Houmaiz. "Communautés végétales et faciès pastoraux dans la zone de Taourirt-Tafoughalt du Maroc oriental: écologie et inventaire floristique. Vegetation and pasturelands in Taourirt-Tafoughalt (Eastern Morocco): ecology and flora." Acta Botanica Malacitana 36 (December 1, 2011): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v36i1.2773.
Full textAuger, Reginald, and Allison Bain. "Anthropologie et archéologie." Anthropen, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.030.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Géologie – Méthodes statistiques"
Mezghache, Hamid. "Cartographie automatique et interprétation géostatistique d'une campagne de prospection géochimique sur sol : application à la zone mercurielle nord-numidique (Algérie)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10437.
Full textConreaux, Stéphane. "Modélisation de 3-variétés à base topologique : application à la géologie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL032N.
Full textVolumic modeling enables to represent real objects by computer science objects. In geology, a 3D model may be defined by a set of surfacic objects partitionning the 3D space in regions. For instance, these surfaces can be horizons or faults (geological objects). A volumic object composed of 3-cells (tetrahedra or arbitrary polyhedra) could be a second way to represent a 3D model. With this kind of representation, it is possible to attach several properties on the nodes of the mesh. Thanks to a topological kernel based on G-Maps, we will study the following issues : - defining efficient data strcutures enabling the decomposition of objects into discrete elements to be represented, - generating and editing meshes for surfacic and volumic objects (removing cells, splitting cells,. . . ), - using a multi-purpose operation called corefinement. We also present several geological applications using corefinement operation : insertion of a gridded chenal in a regular grid (the intersected cells of the channel and the grid are perfect), boolean operations between geological objects,. .
Squarzoni, Cristina. "Mesure des champs de déplacement de surface et modélisation numérique des glissements de terrain." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10262.
Full textHébert, Étienne. "Analyse géostatique quasi-3D des propriétés hydrauliques d'un noyau de barrage en remblai." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27656.
Full textThe hydraulic barrier performance of the compacted till core of embankment dams is highly dependent on compaction conditions during construction, which alongside with basic geotechnical properties, may significantly vary spatially. Recent studies showed that geostatistics can be used to represent the spatial variability of the geotechnical properties of dam materials, such as hydraulic conductivity, using georeferenced construction control data. These studies led to advances in the understanding of various issues related to the stratified nature of dams' structure and broadened perspectives for geostatistical analyses of large embankment dams. This research focuses on the improvement of the geostatistical approach used to model the hydraulic conductivity of an embankment dam's compacted till core. The studied site is the Sainte-Marguerite-3 (SM-3) dam, built on the Sainte-Marguerite river, northwest to the city of Sept-Îles in Québec. A mathematical approach using an aggregation rate was first developed as a way to obtain a more representative assessment of the dam's hydraulic conductivity. A quasi-3D spatial interpolation structure was used for the geostatistical analysis to estimate the hydraulic conductivity for every location in the core. A priority analysis of the multiple geotechnical parameters used to compute hydraulic conductivity was then performed. For this aspect of the project, geostatistics were used to individually analyze the spatial variability of the parameters measured during construction, which were then used to compute the hydraulic conductivity. Finally, in order to provide a solution to a specific problem observed in the SM-3 dam, a geostatistical analysis using multiple domains was performed. This approach was used to accurately model the important spatial variability of the geotechnical parameters, observed in some areas of the dam, caused by variations in the origins of the materials. Results showed that the quasi-3D spatial interpolation structure used for this project is an effective alternative to a 1D analysis used in past projects and that this type of interpolation structure respects the materials' spatial continuity. The results also showed that a multi-parametric approach using domains, motivated by the terrain's reality, offers a better estimation, especially when it comes to assessing the influence of compaction conditions.
Bengo, Martin Darius. "La sédimentation pollinique dans le sud-Caméroun et sur la plateforme marine à l'époque actuelle et au Quaternaire récent : études des paléoenvironnements." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20280.
Full textDubé, Pascal. "Geostatistical analysis of the troilus deposit : uncertainty and risk assessment of the mine planning strategy." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23419/23419.pdf.
Full textThis thesis examines the effect of local and spatial uncertainty of the mineral reserves estimates for the Troilus gold deposit. Two geostatistical methods have been used: indicator kriging and sequential indicator simulation. A new set of geological envelope has been defined based on the grade distribution of the exploration hole samples. For each zone, composites, statistics and variograms have been calculated based on gold assays coming from exploration holes (DDH) and production blastholes (BH). A recoverable reserve block model based on indicator kriging was created from the exploration holes and a grade control block model was produced from the production blastholes. The recoverable reserve model was calibrated based on the grade control model and the data from the mined out part of the orebody. Uncertainty related to the variability of the mineralization was assessed through 25 conditionally simulated block models. Open pit optimization Whittle software was used as a transfer function to compare each model. Elements such as ore tonnage, grade, ounces contained and discounted value (NPV) have been used to analyse the risk inherent to each model. Finally, reserve estimates within an already established pit design were used as a second method of comparison.
Dubost, Julien. "Variabilité et incertitudes en géotechnique : de leur estimation à leur prise en compte." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13808/document.
Full textThe current evolution of the geotechnical engineering places the risk management of geotechnical origin in the heart of its objectives. We also notice that the complexity of the projects of development (through the objectives costs/deadline/performances which are sought) is increasing and that soil chosen to receive them present unusual geotechnical conditions. These unfavourable conditions usually mean a strong variability of the soil properties, which induces soil investigation and data analysis more difficult. This work of thesis deals with the characterization of the natural variability of soils and with the uncertainties dues to geotechnical investigations, with the aim to better take them into account in geotechnical engineering project. This work takes place in the context of the management of the risk of project with geotechnical origin. The main statistical tools used for describe the scattering of the data and their spatial variability (geostatistic), as well as the probabilistic methods enabling to use their results in calculations, are presented under the view of their application in geotechnical design. The approach is applied to a project of railway platform. This infrastructure was located on a site where the geology and the geotechnical conditions are complex, and which present important deformations due to the soil settlements. A new analysis of geotechnical data was started again. First, geotechnical data were included in a database in order to ease their statistical and geostatistical treatment. Their statistical and spatial variability were characterized allowing a better understanding of the site. The geologic and geotechnical model so established was then used to assess the settlement effects. An analysis in three levels is proposed: global, local and spatial, which give means to estimate the settlement values and its uncertainty, respectively, on the scale of the site, on the boring points, and on zone of study according to the spatial connectivity of soil properties. The results clearly show the interest of statistical and geostatiscal methods in characterizing complex sites and in the elaboration of a relevant geologic and geotechnical model. The settlement analysis proposed highlight that the parameter uncertainties are of first importance on the design calculations and explain the global behaviour of the infrastructure. These results can be translated in the form of a reliabilitry analysis which can be then used in a process of decision-making and risk management. In a wider way, this work of thesis contributes toward the elaboration and the analysis of the geotechnical investigations, with the aim to identify, to estimate and to take into account the variability and the uncertainties of the data during the various stages of the project. It leads to better control of the risk of geotechnical origin
Coudert, Laurent. "Apports de la sismique et des diagraphies différées à l'étude stratigraphique du bassin tertiaire du Chaco de Bolivie (Rio Grande-Parapeti) : traitements statistiques et modélisations." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10533.
Full textReulier, Romain. "Impact de la structure paysagère sur les dynamiques spatiales des transferts hydro-sédimentaires : approche par simulation multi-agents." Caen, 2015. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01264723.
Full textMany socio-economic and environmental issues associated with hydro-sedimentary transfers are organized within hydrosystems from agricultural fields up to rivers streams (soil loss, soil infertility, diffuse pollution, turbid flood. . . ). If transfers initiation conditions are well known at the agricultural field levels, the flow dynamic that occur on the slope remains poorly understood. It is especially true in small hydrosystems in north-western France, where the abundance of linear networks (hedges, roads, ditches, etc. ) that could interfere with the topographic flow dynamics are present in the landscape. To measure these impacts, which remain difficult to estimate, two complementary approaches have been developed within this thesis. First, a quantification of the hydro-sedimentary transfers was achieved during different rainfall events on a small Normandy catchment (17. 6 km², BV Lingèvres, Calvados). This work allowed us to highlight the importance of sedimentary flows that can pass though during runoff episode and the complexity of spatio-temporal dynamics induced by the landscape structure. In parallel to this "field" approach, a computer model in multi-agent systems (SMA) was designed. By relying on SMA capabilities to bring out the overall dynamics of a system based on interactions at a local level, it is possible to reconstruct the path of runoff and get clues on spatial analysis in order to measure the effect of the landscape structure. The SMA model requires little input data and was applied to various catchment with different landscape features. This model produces interesting results that allow us to better understand the consequences of the landscapes on runoff
Pellerin, Jeanne. "Prise en compte de la complexité géométrique des modèles structuraux dans des méthodes de maillage fondées sur le diagramme de Voronoï." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01005722.
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