Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Géologie pétrolière'
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Umar, Tajudeen Sagir. "Géologie pétrolière du secteur nigérian du bassin du lac Tchad." Pau, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PAUU3013.
Full textMoyen, Rémi. "Paramétrisation 3D de l'espace en géologie sédimentaire : le modèle GeoChron." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2005_MOYEN_R.pdf.
Full textReservoir modelling requires building a volumic mesh usually adapted to faults and horizons of the domain, on which petrophysical property models are computed. The common practice consists in using stratigraphic curvilinear grids formed of hexahedral cells whose indexes (i, j, k) constitute a sampling of a " 3D parametric function (u, v,t) where (u, v) correspond to the "paleo-geographic" coordinates tangent to the horizons and (t), viewed as an analog to the geological age of the terrains, is approximately orthogonal to the horizons. These grids are suited to the property-modelling geostatistical algorithms but their topological regularity induces errors or approximations in complex fault networks or folded environments. The GeoChron model corrects these drawbacks by clearly segragating the geometry of the domain of study (modelled by an unstructured tetrahedralised mesh), the link between this geometry and the geometry of the layers at the time or deposition (thanks to a 3D parametric function (u,v,t)) and the property model (computed in a regular fine-scaled grid). After exposing the mathematical framework of this model which emphasises the similarity with time stratigraphic (or Wheeler) diagrams used in sedimentology, we show two practical ways of building such a parameterisation and their implementation in the GOCAD geomodelling software. Then we show how the (t) component of the parametric function can be used to automatically compute a geometric estimate of the throw vector in any point of a fault surface. Finally, we present Borne applications concerning petrophysical property modelling, deformation estimation or seismic data integration
Ducros, Mathieu. "Approches intégrées de construction et d’analyse des modèles de systèmes pétroliers : apports pour l’exploration pétrolière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066740.
Full textNumerical tools for petroleum system modeling and forward stratigraphic modeling were designed to account for complex processes responsible for hydrocarbon accumulations in petroleum reservoirs. These processes, which extended to new mechanisms and gained details with increasing understanding, involve several geoscience disciplines making difficult the building of models consistent with both data and knowledge. The work performed during this Ph.D. aims at making basin modeling more accessible to geoscientists first by making easier the integration of geological concepts and available data during the process of model building and then by improving quality of forecasts and of risk quantification through sensitivity and risk analysis on maps. In a first section, two methods designed for better and easier estimation of the thermal history and of the distribution of marine organic matter in sedimentary basins are presented. They are based on a similar procedure which uses local data and regional knowledge to assess these two key aspects of petroleum system exploration. An optimization loop is initially performed on input parameters to fit on local data before extrapolating the results to basin scale under the constraint of the regional geological information. Both approaches were patented (Ducros, 2012; Ducros et Chauveau, 2015). The basin of Berkine in Algeria, for which an important set of thermal data is available, was used as an application case study for the method designed for estimating thermal history. The Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin, known for its production of unconventionals, was used for illustrating the estimation of the distribution of organic matter. The second part of the work is dedicated to a new methodology for sensitivity and risk analysis on maps. It is built on a proxy-model of the simulator behavior in the uncertain space to save time during the sampling phase required for providing statistical results. It also uses a principal component analysis to reduce the space dimension when dealing with maps. The approach is illustrated on two case studies: one using a forward stratigraphic model for assessing the position of petroleum reservoirs and one on a petroleum system modeling tool for assessing the maturity of a source-rock in the Levant Basin. These new tools strengthen the integration of data coming from different disciplines to produce more consistent and robust results. They make easier the interpretation of risk analysis provided on a format compatible with classical methods of risk assessment in petroleum exploration such as CRS mapping. The results of this work emphasize the role of these tools for making the link between the different disciplines of geosciences to provide consistent and predictive results. They also give access to powerful risk mapping that can be part of a more general framework, called Common Risk Segment Mapping, used for risks assessment in petroleum exploration
Béché, Martin. "Architecture structurale de la ceinture de Gaspé (Canada): imagerie sismique intégrée et application à l'évaluation pétrolière." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25979/25979.pdf.
Full textIessa, Riadh. "Essai sur la détection de la fracturation de roches réservoirs du N. E. De l'Irak par l'interprétation des diagraphies différées." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30201.
Full textLabat, Laurent. "Simulations stochastiques de faciès par la méthode des membership functions." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL094N.
Full textAn oil reservoir is a complex physical system whose challenge is to estimate as best as possible the heterogeneities from a set of heterogeneous available data. This estimation can be carried out using a deterministic approach (accounting for aIl available data integrated into a unique model) or geostatistical simulation methods : these methods do not aim at providing a single model of the underground, but rather to generate a large set of alternative, equiprobable models representing the heterogeneities expected into the reservoir. The main goal of this work is to propose a new method for generating alternative and equiprobable models, accounting for a large set of data. The first part is a review of commonly used geostatistical methods. Ln a second part, the theory of membership functions is introduced, and the integration of several data types (welllogs, proportion map and curve, seismic data, anisotropy) into the DSI interpolator is detailed, and demonstrate the ability of the DSI Interpolator to integrate a large set of constraints. The next part discusses the specific problem of the interpolation of facies occurrence probabilities, and presents different ways to compute a proportion cube (computing an initial solution, using a multigrid algorithm or using the DSI algorithm). The last part presents three alternative methods to generate stochastic models from a proportion cube, and the results obtained are discussed
Louly, Mohamed-Salem. "Deux modèles mathématiques de l'évolution d'un bassin sédimentaire : Phénomènes d'érosion-sédimentation-transport en géologie. : Application en prospection pétrolière." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00437343.
Full textMarchal, Denis. "Approche spatio-temporelle des mécanismes de la propagation des failles normales : des modélisations analogiques à la sismique 3D." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10270.
Full textIn petroleum geology, normal faulting is a major process in the formation of oil traps in extensional domains. Evaluating the quantities of hydrocarbons trapped, especially at the edges of structures, requires thorough knowledge of the 3D geometry of fault tips and their propagation mechanisms. To study the propagation mecanisms of normal faults, two types of analog modeling are conducted here: (1) propagation tests of pre-existing fauHs in translucid analog materials with video monitoring and (2) extensional deformation of two-Iayer sand/silicone scale models with X-ray tomograph imaging (medical scanner). This type of approach makes it possible to analyze fault propagation mechanisms in three dùnensions over the course oftime. The results are used to develop a conceptual model of the propagation of neoformed normal faults within a spatio-temporal (4D) framework. Whichever type of analogue model is used, secondary faults arranged in en échelon patterns arise at the tips of the main fault. Normal fault propagation mechanisms results mainly from connection processes between the secondary faults, between secondary faults and the main fault, and from the junction of two main faults. These connection processes are the source of the different types of undulation observed on fault planes. To validate the theoretical model, detailed morphology of natural neoformed normal faults is analysed by means of 3D seismic blocks (Niger Delta, Gulf of Gabes) and field examples (Oklo, Gabon). The natural extensional structures are interpreted using 4D sequences developed by analog modeling. The influence of the structural heritage (reactivation of a deep fault) on the geometry and propagation of neoformed normal faults is also considered
Geraets, David. "Modélisation stochastique de champs de vitesse géophysique en exploration pétrolière." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2002. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001236.
Full textKnecht, Leonora. "Contribution à la caractérisation des formations réservoir par intégration d'images électriques et de données pétrophysiques." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30011.
Full textWerner, Alexander. "Viscosité des fluides pétroliers riches en produits lourds : mesure et modélisation." Pau, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PAUU3026.
Full textAbellan, Alexandre. "Construction de fonctions objectifs et modélisation a priori de l’apport de mesures en géosciences : une approche statistique." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/ABELLAN_Alexandre_2009.pdf.
Full textDue to the increasing costs of investments involved in oil industry, reservoir characterization and uncertainty quantification are now major issues in oil and gas reservoir engineering. As it is impossible to get an exhaustive knowledge of the reservoir, a probabilistic description is now adopted. This description relies on a smaller number of parameters that need to be estimated using the data. In a second step, the model is history matched in order to be consistent with the observed dynamic data (e. G. Pressure at the well, fluid flow rates). This is done by minimizing an objective function that quantifies the discrepancy between the simulated and real data. Geological data is integrated when building the prior model. The bayesian framework allows to perform these tasks in a natural way. In a next step, using entropic considerations, we introduce the so called Kullback Leibler divergences that allows to quantify the "information content" of any potential measurements, relative to the considered model. A tractable algebraic expression is worked out when considering Gaussian models and data depending linearly on the model. Explicit tests were carried out in the case of kriging, well test interpretation and two phase flow context. The notion of data redundancy was also explored and quantified. The developed technique could help to design optimal data acquisition schemes
Battaïa, Guillaume. "Expérimentation versus simulation du transport réactif en milieu poreux, capture des profils de concentration et évolution texturale des solides." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466764.
Full textA new type of plug flow reactor is developed. It reproduces a 1D porous medium composed of quartz and reactive solids exposed to the percolation of an aqueous phase, whose concentration profile can be captured through sampling ports. The reaction of CO₂ saturated solutions (5-8 bar) at 40-50°C with carbonate (calcite, dolomite) generates reproducible dissolution fronts migrating downstream with stationary shape. This shape evidences an increase in reactive surface area with increasing dissolution, in agreement with the observed skeletal solid textures. Diopside dissolution in acidic solutions, pH=2, 60°C, generates linear concentration profiles as predicted far from equilibrium. In the initial non-stoichiometric dissolution stage, a Si-dominated surface layer is formed. SEM data suggest an anisotropic distribution of this layer
Urgelli, Denise. "Prise en compte des hétérogénéités par prise de moyenne des transmissivités sur maillages adaptés en simulation de réservoir." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11039.
Full textBlanchet, Aurélie. "Origine, conditions et processus de la silicification diagénétique de réservoirs gréseux en mer du Nord." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112022.
Full textThe petroleum reservoir qualities of sandstones are partially reduced by the presence of diagenetic quartz which occlude the cement porosity. Two sandstones reservoirs, the Brent and Franklin formations from North Sea, have been studied to understand the process and origin of silicification. Fluid inclusions are often used to constrain quartz precipitation temperature. However their possible stretching with burial is still a problem. Fluid inclusion (FI) petrographic and microthermometric study shows that large Th range cannot been explained by temperature reset. Microspectrofluorimetry of hydrocarbon inclusions and Raman spectroscopy of aqueous inclusions indicate compositional variations even for FI located along a single detrital gram-overgrowth boundary. Microthermometric and MSF data point out that FI located along the boundary are not representative of the beginning of the silicification. The diagenetic sequence and aluminium content in the quartz overgrowths allow to establish the origin of silica for each overgrowth zone defined in cathodoluminescence. High aluminium contents (up to 1375 ppm) are linked to feldspar dissolution which can be induced by acid meteoric water or organic acids. Pressure-solution and sponge test dissolution are minor source of silica compared to the feldspar dissolution. Oxygen isotopes were measured in each overgrowth zone and interpreted with FI temperatures to constrain the burial evolution of fluid. In Alwyn north, negative delta_18_O of fluid in equilibrium with the first overgrowth zone (-7%) points out the influence of meteoric water, probably introduced in the system during the lower Cretaceous emersion. From 2 km of burial, silicifications are influenced by evolved fluids (until +10%) coming from clay transformations in the underlying shales
Chadouli, Kheira. "Caractérisation pétrographique appliquée à la modélisation pétrolière : étude de cas." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0291/document.
Full textUnderstanding oil systems requires petrographic characterization of all elements and process that compose it. In this work, several examples of source rocks, reservoir rocks and seal from different petroleum basins have been studied in order to describe conventional petrographic methods and develop new ones. The new ones as: a program of transformation kinetic of kerogene composed of two types of organic matter, maceral analysis and microfractures study using images analysis, the diffraction X-ray and tomography allowed source rock description. As for, reservoir rocks, methods of petrophysical characterization by images analysis, MSCL Microscopy and wettability parameters permit reservoir quality description and their preservation over time due to recrystalization and dissolution phenomena, fluid flow and TSR/BSR reaction. The cap rocks studied in this thesis are those of Callovo-Ordovician argillites, using X-Ray diffraction as well as images analysis and tomography. Those methods facilitated the understanding of argillites behavior over time, their sorption/desorption ability and their reliability of nuclear waste storage. Finally, Modeling using Petromod helps to determine petroleum systems functioning. Modeling by percolation method gives results closer to oil basins reality, than by Darcy/Hybrid method
Da, Silva Eduardo José Bezerra. "Géologie et évaluation des réservoirs de la formation ACU du bassin Potiguar, nord-est du Brésil." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10030.
Full textPourpak, Hamid. "Méthodologie de déformation graduelle de modèles de réservoir hétérogène fracturé contraints par des mesures d'écoulement aux puits." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Pourpak-Hamid/2008-Pourpak-Hamid-These.pdf.
Full textThis thesis proposes a sequential inversion methodology for calibrating highly-heterogeneous reservoir models on well test data. The design and the application of that methodology are performed on an experimental hydro-geological site settled on a karstic and fractured limestone aquifer located near to Poitiers, France. The methodology involves two successive steps that are: first, the inversion of facies petrophysical properties; second, the gradual deformation of the facies distribution. By proceeding this way, the gradual deformation method, applied both globally and locally, improves the distribution of facies while keeping the previously optimised petrophysical properties. The fairly good capability on the resulting model to predict well responses allows to consider the gradual deformation as an efficient and robust method to find a facies geo-statistical realization matching at best flow data constraints. Alternative implementation of the sequence above are studied, by simply changing the schedule of the calibration steps. Efficiency and numerical performances of the methodology are also assessed by changing the number of gradual deformation parameters. Finally, it is investigated on the possibility to improve calibration by means of alternative flow modelling approaches. Whereas the adoption of a dual-medium model does not change significantly the simulated pressures, a more accurate modelling of conductive bodies by using a refined grid improves the prediction of short-time well responses. Further works could tentatively address the gradual deformation of object-based models for mimicking flow features of karstic and/or fractured heterogeneous reservoirs
Credoz, Anthony. "Réactivité des couvertures argileuses en présence de CO2 en conditions de stockage géologique profond : approche intégrée expérimentation-modélisation." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1747/.
Full textThis study offers a multi-scale vision of complex clayey caprocks reactivity and evolution. These formations are identified for the CO2 containment and sealing into the deep underground reservoir. From the experimental scale on purified clay minerals to integrative modeling at large space and time scales, the strategy developped allowed to identify the main geochemical processes, to check the good agreement between experiment and modeling, and to stress the operational impacts on long-term caprocks integrity. Carbonated cement alteration is likely to open caprock porosity and to create preferential reactive pathway for reactive fluid flow. Clay minerals alteration, including the illitization process, reduces the clay fraction volume but considerably limits the porosity increase. The illitization process in acidic conditions determined experimentally and by modeling at small and large scale, is coupled with silica precipitation. On the fundamental side, new kinetic parameters were determined for clay minerals and highlights new structural transformations. On the operational side, this study contributes to the acquisition of qualitative data (long-term reactive pathways of clayey caprocks, coupled carbonates/clays reactivity) and quantitative data (CO2 penetration distance into the caprock) to improve the performance and safety assessment of CO2 capture and geological storage
Ferfera, Fethi. "Influence du champ de contrainte sur l'évolution de la perméabilité monophasique d'un grès." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0559.
Full textAuzias, Vincent. "Contribution à la caractérisation tectonique des réservoirs fracturés : modélisation photoélasticimétrique des perturbations de contrainte au voisinage des failles et de la fracturation associée, application pétrolière : mécanismes de développement en 3D des diaclases dans un analogue de réservoir, le Dévonien tabulaire du Caithness (Ecosse)." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20146.
Full textPairazian, Karen. "Modélisation 3D des réservoirs pétroliers par l'intégration des données sismiques et géologiques : approches quantitatives multivariables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL133N.
Full textHomand, Stéphane. "Comportement mécanique d'une craie très poreuse avec prise en compte de l'effet de l'eau : de l'expérience à la simulation." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL10081.
Full textPaiva, Rogerio Ferreira de. "Developpement d'un microtomographe x et application a la caracterisation des roches reservoirs." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066764.
Full textWalter, Bastien. "Réservoirs de socle en contexte extensif : genèse, géométries et circulations de fluides : exemples du rift intracontinental du lac Albert (Ouganda) et de la marge proximale d'Ifni (Maroc)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0201/document.
Full textThis work aims to characterize with a multi-scale and multi-method approach the effects of both brittle deformation and weathering processes on the structural and petrophysical properties of two surface analogue case studies developed in extensive setting. This approach allows us to build a conceptual hydrocarbon basement reservoir model for both studied systems. These geological models enhance the understanding of those non-conventional petroleum systems from the maturation zone to storage in the basement. Moreover, this study can also provide information for exploration guides for those hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study points out the multi-scale distribution of all the features constituting the reservoir, over ten orders of magnitude from the pluri-kilometric scale of the major tectonics structures to the infra-millimetric scale of the secondary micro-porosity of fractured and weathered basements units. Major fault zones allow the “compartmentalization” of the reservoir by dividing it into several structural blocks. The analysis of these fault zones highlights the necessity for the basement reservoirs to be characterized by a highly connected fault and fracture system, where structure intersections represent the main fluid drainage areas between and within the reservoir’s structural blocks. The suitable fluid storage areas in these reservoirs correspond to the damage zone of the fault structures developed during the tectonic evolution of the basement and the weathered units of the basement roof developed during pre-rift exhumation phases. This study highlights therefore that basement reservoir properties are the result of the long geodynamic evolution of these rocks
Saliba, Carlos Alberto Mattos. "Evolution de la mouillabilite en fonction de l'adsorption du petrole et de ses fractions approche par la methode des angles de contact dynamiques." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066282.
Full textSchuite, Jonathan. "Apports des mesures de déformation de surface et de l'inclinométrie pour la caractérisation pluri-échelle des réservoirs géologiques fracturés." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S090/document.
Full textFractured geological reservoirs have an important position among the environmental and economical challenges of the 21st century. In fact, they are either associated to deep storage of fluids, like nuclear wastes and carbon dioxide, or to the production of resources that are fundamental in our society, like geothermal energy and water. Preferential flowpaths within fractured rocks are shaped by fracture networks which make the media very heterogeneous and anisotropic. It is difficult to determine their structure and physical properties as they actually depend on the network's connectivity and scale of investigation. In this thesis, we assess the informational potential of surface deformation methods, in particular surface tilt, to monitor and describe fractured reservoirs at three important scales. Indeed, surface tilt is very sensitive to deep sub-surface fluxes and thereby to the impact of main conductive structures. Firstly, we develop the methodological strategy aiming at interpreting surface tilt. Using an elastic model and through a systematic exploration of the geometrical parameter space, we observe that tilt measurements are mainly sensitive to a fault's dip and extension in the dip direction. However, this sensitivity clearly depends on the position of measurement with respect to the fault. In addition, we validate the hydrogeophysical approach by monitoring the deformation induced by the pressurization of a sub-vertical fault zone during a few hours, using continuous long-baseline tiltmeter data and spatially distributed vertical displacements from two optical leveling campaigns. The observations are successfully reproduced by a simple hydromechanical model from which we estimate the fault's storativity, in agreement with previous results obtained from different approaches. A more robust poro-mechanical model of pressure diffusion in a fault embedded in a less permeable matrix is then used to further investigate the information content of transient tilt data. Therewith, we show that surface tilt is sensitive to the mechanical properties of the fault zone and to the hydromechanical functioning of the system as a whole. Secondly, we have developed an experimental approach aiming at monitoring surface deformations generated by the pressurization of deep sub-horizontal fractures of a few meters extent. By imposing an oscillatory hydraulic load at the fractures' inlets, we are able to recognize the signature of their mechanical opening in tilt measurements. The recovered amplitudes lie around 10 nanoradians for a few centimeters of hydraulic head variations. From this we estimate fracture stiffnesses that are consistent in light of published data. Finally, we address the question of seasonal fluxes within a fractured aquifer and its link with recharge.Tilt signals are well correlated with annual head fluctuations at the study site. However, the remarkable difference is that tilt displays a phase lead of about one month with respect to piezometric levels. We interpret tilt time series with a 1D hydromechanical model and highlight the fact that the method is of interest for determining the large scale reservoir's geometry and that it is sensitive to recharge processes (local versus spread recharge, both in space and time). This novel result opens new perspectives as regards the estimation of recharge fluxes which is a major concern for water resources management. Hence, we conclude that surface tilt monitoring is a method with a strong potential to describe the properties and hydromechanical behavior of fractured media, from a few meters' scale up to several kilometers
Bernachot, Isabelle. "Utilisation des isotopes stables du chlore pour le traçage des processus générés par l'injection de CO2 au sein d'un réservoir géologique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC016/document.
Full textCO2 injection in a reservoir leads to physicochemical processes which can have harmful consequences on the reservoir integrity due to porosity and permeability alteration. In this work, we propose to test the possibility that stable chlorine isotopes could be used as a geochemical tool to assess these effects. Indeed, chloride is a conservative and a major component of reservoir brines, and it is already known that several processes can modify the ratio of its two stable isotopes δ37Cl (diffusion, ionic filtration, salt precipitation or phase change). To test this possibility, several types of experiments were performed to investigate the effects generated by a CO2 injection on Cl-isotopes. Autoclave experiments have shown that Cl can be solubilized in CO2SC, but the amounts would be too low to modify the isotopic signal of brines in case of any fractionation process. Reactive brine migration experiments by advection (ICARE1 percolation apparatus in Montpellier University) and diffusion (diffusion cell developed at IFPEN) were also conducted. No δ37Cl was observed during percolation (conservative advective transport) and the effects of diffusion remain to be investigated with regard to the evolution of rock porosity and permeability. Drying and salt precipitation experiments on porous media have shown that Cl concentrations and δ37Cl values can give information about transport processes during water evaporation. These experimental results allowed us to identify the processes capable of modifying the δ37Cl signal, and that Cl-isotopes can be of use for the monitoring of CO2 storage site
Enciso, Cárdenas Juan José. "Estudio de las propiedades de adsorción – desorción de gases en los sistemas petroleros no convencionales en México y su aplicacion al modelo cinético de generación de hidrocarburos." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0220/document.
Full textThe main objective of this research was to conduct a study of the gas adsorption/desorption properties in unconventional reservoirs located in the north-eastern Mexico. For this, previously was carried a literature review concerning gas exploration retaking existing research works in Sabinas Basin and Chihuahua Basin (Camacho Ortegón 2009, De la O Burrola, 2013), in order to understand their behavior from the viewpoint of unconventional reservoirs. The works of these authors include models that describe the thermomechanical history of the Sabinas Basin, geological events that define the behavior of the petroleum system, its evolution and its relationship with hydrocarbon generation. To continue with the development of this project, in 2012 a sampling campaign was performed in charge of the Servicio Geológico Mexicano (SGM), providing a total of 50 samples divided between the Sabinas Basin and the Chihuahua Basin, for their characterization. The general characterization included: (1) immediate or primary moisture and ash analysis (2) elemental analysis (C, H, O, N, and S) for determining, (3) petrographic analysis to determine the organic matter type (4) Rock-Eval®6 Pyrolysis, to know its oil potential generation. Together, these analyzes allowed us to evaluate and select 10 samples divided between the study basins, to develop adsorption/desorption tests and interpretation of parameters affecting the adsorption process. For the Sabinas Basin, there were observed storage capacities of methane gas of 202.11 scf/ton (7.07m3/ton) to 364.76 scf/ton (10.47m3/ton), whereas for the Chihuahua basin there were presented lower capacities of sorption, with a rank from 0.84 scf/ton (0.023m3/ton) to 3.48 scf/ton (0.084m3/ton). The tests results of adsorption/desorption let us carry out an interpretation of the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples, that influencing in the storage capacity of gas in the kerogen. Anticipating as a general conclusion that, the gas adsorption increases with the rank/maturity. Also, it was studied the influence of the maceral composition in the process of sorption and, it was verified that the capacity of gas storage is closely related to the vitrinite content. Which led us to return to the statements of some authors (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012) who verified that the capacity of adsorption on base to COT increases in the next order: type I < type II < type III. This was attributed to the greater capacity of adsorption of the vitrinite in comparison with other macerals types. In this regard, and carrying out a thorough observation to the kinetic models, and mainly in the adsorption factors (W) proposed by the most recent version of the Software PetroMod (Type I, W=0.80), (Type II W=0.75) and (Type III W=0.68), it was found a discrepancy regarded to the bibliography reported by (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012). In this context, the results of adsorption/desorption gas of this research were retaken to make the calculation of the adsorption factor (W) to build and propose a new kinetic model applicable to the simulation process of the Software PetroMod for the hydrocarbons generation, taking into account the adsorption of the hydrocarbons produced. The new kinetic model allowed us propose a readjust to the geochemical modeling for the Sabinas basin, comparing at the same time the effect and the influence of the adsorption factors at the moment of the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons. This kinetic model through the Factor (W) results important, since it takes the amount of adsorbed hydrocarbons into the source rock, this factor evidently induces a control on the behavior of unconventional character for the source rock, thus producing a change into the expulsion balance of the hydrocarbons from the kerogen. The results obtained from the methodology, [...]
El objetivo principal de esta investigación, fue realizar un estudio de las propiedades de adsorción/desorción de gas en los reservorios no convencionales ubicados en la porción noreste de México. Para ello, se realizó previamente una revisión bibliográfica sobre la prospección del gas, retomando trabajos de investigación ya existentes para la Cuenca de Sabinas y la Cuenca de Chihuahua (Camacho Ortegón 2009, De la O Burrola, 2013), con el fin de comprender su comportamiento desde el punto de vista de los yacimientos no convencionales.Los trabajos de estos autores incluyen modelos que describen la historia termomecánica de la Cuenca de Sabinas, los eventos geológicos que definen el comportamiento del sistema petrolero, su evolución y su relación con la generación de hidrocarburos. Para continuar con el desarrollo de este proyecto, se llevó a cabo una campaña de muestreo a cargo del Servicio Geológico Mexicano (SGM), el cual nos proporcionó un total de 50 muestras divididas entre las cuencas de Sabinas y Chihuahua, para su caracterización. La caracterización general incluyó: (1) Análisis inmediatos o primarios de humedad y ceniza, (2) Análisis elemental para la determinación de (C, H, O, N, y S), (3) Análisis petrográfico para determinar el tipo de materia orgánica, (4) Pirolisis Rock-Eval®6 para conocer su potencial petrolífero. El conjunto de estos análisis nos permitieron evaluar y seleccionar 10 muestras divididas entre las cuencas de estudio, para desarrollar los ensayos de adsorción/desorción y la interpretación de los parámetros que influyen en el proceso de adsorción. Para la Cuenca de Sabinas, se observaron capacidades de almacenamiento de gas metano de 202.11 scf/ton (7.07m3/ton) a 364.76 scf/ton (10.47m3/ton), mientras que en la Cuenca de Chihuahua se presentaron capacidades de sorción más bajas, con un rango de 0.84 scf/ton (0.023m3/ton) a 3.48 scf/ton (0.084m3/ton). Estos resultados nos permitieron interpretar las características físicas y químicas que influyen en la capacidad de almacenamiento del gas en el kerógeno. Anticipando como conclusión general que: la adsorción del gas aumenta con el rango/madurez. También se estudio la influencia de la composición maceral en el proceso de sorción y se verificó que la capacidad de almacenamiento de gas está íntimamente relacionada al contenido de vitrinita. Esto nos condujó a retomar las declaraciones de algunos autores (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012) quienes verificaron que la capacidad de adsorción en base al COT aumenta en el siguiente orden: tipo I < tipo II < tipo III. Esto se atribuyó a que la vitrinita tiene una mayor capacidad de adsorción, en comparación con otros tipos de macerales. En este sentido se llevó a cabo una minuciosa observación a los modelos cinéticos y principalmente en los factores de adsorción (W) propuestos por la versión más reciente del Software PetroMod®12 (Tipo I, W=0.80), (Tipo II W=0.75) y (Tipo III W=0.68).Se encontró una discrepancia respecto a la bibliografía reportada por (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012). Por lo que se retomaron los resultados de adsorción/desorción de gas de esta investigación para realizar el cálculo del factor (W), para construir y proponer un nuevo modelo cinético aplicable al proceso simulación del Software PetroMod®, tomando en cuenta la adsorción. El nuevo modelo cinético nos permitió proponer un reajuste al modelado geoquímico de la Cuenca de Sabinas, realizando al mismo tiempo una comparación del efecto de los factores de adsorción en el momento de la generación y expulsión de hidrocarburos. Este modelo cinético por medio del Factor (W), toma en cuenta la cantidad de hidrocarburos adsorbidos en la roca generadora, induciendo un comportamiento de carácter no convencional para la roca generadora, produciendo así un cambio en el balance de expulsión de hidrocarburos del kerógeno. [...]
Wietzerbin, Liliane. "Modélisation et paramétrisation d'objets naturels de formes complexes en trois dimensions : application à la simulation stochastique de la distribution d'hétérogénéités au sein des réservoirs pétroliers." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_WIETZERBIN_L.pdf.
Full textWolanin, Julie. "Étude des conditions d’adsorption des tensioactifs sur des surfaces représentatives des roches réservoirs. Application à l’EOR chimique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS360.
Full textChemical flooding, which is one method used in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), consists in injecting a surfactant formulation in order to mobilize oil trapped in the reservoir rock. Anionic surfactants such as sulfonate surfactants are generally used as they provide the best performances in terms of oil recovery. However, surfactants loss due to adsorption onto reservoir rock surface has a significant negative economic impact for EOR processes. The aim of this study is to characterize the anionic surfactant layer adsorbed on silica at room temperature. As model surfactant, we used AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate)) in brine 1.5wt% NaCl. Silica has been chosen to mimic the reservoir rock. AOT aggregates in brine solution have been characterized at different length scales by cryo-TEM and the combination of three scattering techniques (SAXS, MALS, DLS). Results show a polydisperse vesicle size distribution mainly composed of small vesicles (14 nm diameter). The characterization of the adsorbed layer has been done by means of a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring (QCM-D) and neutron reflectivity. QCM-D follows temporal variations of the resonant frequency (Δf) of a quartz crystal and its dissipation. Results show large frequency and dissipation shifts. We assumed the formation of a thin inhomogeneous layer mainly composed of surfactant vesicles with QCM-D. Neutron reflectivity experiments allowed the determination of the thickness, structure and composition of the adsorbed layer. Combining both techniques gave evidence of vesicle adsorption even during unfavorable conditions
Aboud, Nidal Al. "Observation et quantification des mécanismes de pression-dissolution dans un réservoir gréseux." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-173-174.pdf.
Full textHassouta, Lhoussain. "La comparaison de grès cimentés et de grès non cimentés par la calcite du groupe du Brent (zone d'Alwyn, Mer du Nord) : une clé pour l'établissement de bilans de matière et la compréhension des processus de formation du quartz et des argiles (illites, kaolinite, dockite)." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-79.pdf.
Full textIl s'agit bien d'un stade précoce de la diagenèse en Mer du Nord qui traduirait un épisode d'infiltration par des eaux météoriques. La dissolution du feldspath potassique ou de la muscovite ne rend pas compte de la quantité de kaolinite formée. La kaolinite se transforme en dickite avec la profondeur mais seulement dans les grès non cimentés. Cette transformation n'est donc pas contrôlée uniquement par la température. L'illite et les surcroissances de quartz sont, en partie au moins, contemporaines. Elles ne sont présentes que dans les grès non cimentés et sont donc postérieures à la cimentation. Des bilans chimiques montrent qu'elles se forment sans apports extérieurs de Si, Al ou K par les fluides. Les inclusions fluides du quartz donnent des températures de formation de 90-130°C. L'analyse d'image et la granulométrie laser montrent que la taille des grains de quartz est plus grande mais plus variable dans les grès non cimentés que dans les grès cimentés. D'après les bilans minéralogiques et chimiques, la compaction résulte essentiellement d'une perte de porosité par dissolution-cristallisation du quartz à l'échelle du grain ou du décimètre
Alkhaddour, Ghada. "Caractérisation diagraphique des réservoirs pétroliers potentiels du Jurassique moyen de l'Est du Bassin de Paris." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10002.
Full textArab, Mohamed. "Analyse des systèmes pétroliers de l'offshore algérien oriental : quantification, modélisation stratigraphique et thermique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0130.
Full textThe Algerian margin is a complex domain, limited to the south by the Maghrebian internal zones (AlKaPeCa) that overthrust the external Tellian zones southward. The offshore part of this system constitutes a back-arc basin, where a mio-pliocene sedimentary series were deposited over a substratum of laterally variable origin and nature. The goal of the present work consisted in analyzing and modelling the petroleum system at work and calculating hydrocarbon volumes. Before proceeding to different numerical basin, stratigraphic and thermal modelling, a conceptual geological model is required and was performed based on field geological studies and stratigraphic and structural interpretations of the seismic profiles. The extension of the continental crust beyond the foot of the margin, allows determining a chronostratigraphic model by extrapolation of the outcroping oligo-miocene formations onshore to the acoustic pre-messinian units defined in the offshore basin. Besides, a tectonic analysis in both onshore and offshore domains gave rise to three main steps of evolution: (1) syn-rift phase where the basin was opened by transtension since Late Oligocene- Aquitanian, (2) post-rift phase in which intra-arc basins were developed, AlKaPeCa and Africa docked and magmatism activity took place, (3) inversion phase where the margin became active mainly since Quaternary times. After defining the different petroleum system elements taking into account variable uncertainties, the 2D/3D petroleum system model depicts possibilities of oil and gas accumulations mainly close to the margin, between 20 to 65 km from the coastline to the north with a maximum range of 70 km in the Bejaia Gulf
Atfeh, Bilal. "Méthode des lignes de courant appliquée à la modélisation des bassins." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008599.
Full textSherkati, Shahram. "Style tectonique et cinématique du plissement dans le Zagros iranien (zone d'Iseh) : conséquences pétrolières." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0203.
Full textTertois, Anne-Laure. "Création et modification de modèles géologiques par champs de potentiel. Application au modèle GeoChron." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL032N/document.
Full textOne of the first steps when a geological study area is modelled in three-dimensional geomodelling software is to build the fault network. This can be tedious and time-consuming when fault geometry and branching are complex and difficult to locate from sub-surface data. The process of creating a three-dimensional structural model from various data types was entirely automated by using an implicit representation of fault surfaces by level sets computed on a tetrahedral mesh. Fault branching is detected automatically and surfaces with coherent contact geometry are built. Using level sets for fault surfaces also enables easy editing of the fault network while maintaining the geological consistency of the model. A further tetrahedral mesh editing technique was developed during this PhD in order to modify mesh geometry close to faults. New information or interpretations or perturbations which represent geometrical uncertainty on faults can thus be integrated to the geological model
Jorand, Cédric. "Modélisation expérimentale de la fracturation d'un milieu sédimentaire." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00153613.
Full textNous avons développé une technique originale d'une telle modélisation, basée sur un nouveau matériau Crack1 à l'échelle physique par rapport à une roche réservoir typique: le calcaire. Un programme étendu d'expérimentation avec les modèles de Crack1 a été réalisé avec un dispositif de chargement poly-tridimensionnel. Ce dispositif combine à la fois la simplicité et l'efficacité des solutions réalisées pour la réduction et l'élimination complète de la friction aux bords des modèles. Les résultats principaux peuvent être résumés de la façon suivante:
1.Des réseaux de diaclases ont été reproduits pour la première fois dans des conditions de chargement homogènes.
2.Les diaclases se forment, dans nos expériences, sous une compression triaxiale. Elles ne sont donc pas des fractures en Mode I.
3.Les figures fractographiques visibles sur les surfaces des diaclases naturelles et celles obtenues dans les modèles sont très similaires, ce qui suggère que la similarité physique est assurée pas seulement à macro-échelle, mais aussi à micro-échelle.
4.L'espacement S entre les diaclases ne dépend pas de l'épaisseur du modèle , contrairement au concept de « saturation » largement adopté dans la littérature et les modèles de réservoirs. Il a été démontré que S est contrôlé par l'état des contraintes imposé et la déformation accumulée du modèle.
5.Nous avons pu également reproduire dans des modèles les couloirs fracturés dont la formation est contrôlée par la rigidité des contacts aux limites de l'unité mécanique affectée par la fracturation.
6.L'augmentation de la pression moyenne appliquée au modèle résulte en un changement du style de la fracturation, qui évolue de manière continue des diaclases vers des fractures «obliques » conjuguées.
7.L'analyse des conditions de cette transition à partir de la théorie de la bifurcation de la déformation montre qu'elle est associée à la réduction du facteur de dilatance β de Crack1 avec l'augmentation de la pression p (ce type de dépendance β (p) est également connu pour les roches réelles).
Les résultats obtenus confirment donc que les lois constitutives contrôlent directement la fracturation. Des études expérimentales plus larges doivent désormais être menées pour contraindre ces lois dans toute leur complexité et avec une précision nécessaire.
Masri, Moustafa. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation numérique du comportement thermomécanique à haute température de l’argilite de Tournemire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10079/document.
Full textWe proposed, in this work, an experimental and numerical study of mechanical behavior of shale rocks subjected to mechanical and thermal loads.In the petroleum industry, during the production of heavy oil with the technique of steam water injection at high temperature, the cap rocks are subjected to coupled thermal and hydro-mechanical solicitations. The challenge is to study the hydro-mechanical behavior of these materials subject to large variations in temperature in order to assess the mechanical stability of the reservoir. The experimental study includes the modifications in a triaxial cell in ordre to support a high temperature (250° C). These modifications are very important for hydrostatic, uniaxial and triaxial tests, all these tests are used to obtain an experimental data base characterizing the thermal effect on the mechanical behavior of shale rocks.The modeling framework is proposed at first to describe the mechanical behavior of shale rock in isotropic case. After a detailed analysis of experimental data obtained in the experimental section, a specific coupled elastoplastic-damage model has been developed to describe the mechanical behavior of these shale materials. The effect of temperature is taken into account and a comparison between numerical simulations and experimental data have shown the ability of the proposed model for the description of thermo mechanical coupling. To describe the behavior of anisotropic rocks, we have proposed an extension of the fabric tensor model to present the initial anisotropy of shale rock. This formulation is expressed in terms of invariant stress tensor coupled with loading orientation. Laboratory tests under different stress paths were modeled, the proposed model seems able to describe correctly the main mechanical responses of shale materials
Godeau, Nicolas. "Développement et application de la méthode Uranium-Plomb à la datation des carbonates diagénétiques dans les réservoirs pétroliers, et apport à la reconstruction temporelle de l'évolution des propriétés réservoir." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0149.
Full textAbsolute chronological constraints on the different events and processes that have shaped the Earth constitute a major challenge in numerous realms in Earth and Environmental sciences. In particular this is the case for sedimentary basins that play a major economic role as being source of important hydrocarbon resources. The objective of this thesis is to develop absolute uranium-lead dating methodology on secondary carbonate minerals. This ubiquitous mineral phase in petroleum reservoirs testifies their complex geodynamic and diagenetic histories. In this study, several developments were implemented in order to circumvent the limits of U-Pb methodology. Innovative analysis techniques such as laser ablation coupled with SF-ICP-MS or ion probe were tested to increase the spatial resolution of the U-Pb analysis by several orders of magnitude. These methodologies coupled to the more traditional isotope dilution was successfully applied in different oil exploration context allowing to bring absolute constraints on key diagenetic events such as creation/preservation of reservoir properties or hydrocarbon migration. The results obtained during this study allowed to draw a synthetic model of the most favorable contexts for U-Pb method and gives an overview of the U-Pb dating potential to secondary carbonates applied to petroleum reservoirs
Hamel, Aïcha. "Etude géologique des grès triasiques du gisement pétrolier de Hassi R'mel (Algérie) : Caractérisation, extension et milieu de dépôt." Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA2003.
Full textLeflon, Bruno. "Modélisation des hétérogénéités lithologiques à l'échelle du réservoir pétrolier en milieu marin et fluviatile." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_LEFLON_B.pdf.
Full textWhen modelling a petroleum reservoir, well data are very useful to model properties at a sub-seismic scale. Petrophysical properties like porosity or permeability are linked to the rock-type. Two methods based on well data have been developed to model facies. The first one is used to model marine carbonates deposits. The geometry of sedimentary layers is modelled through a special parameterisation of the reservoir similar to Wheeler space. The time parameter is defined along the well paths thanks to correlations. The layer thickness is then extrapolated between wells. A given relationship between facies and bathymetry of sedimentation makes it possible to compute bathymetry along the well paths. Bathymetry is then extrapolated from wells and a reference map using the concept of accommodation. The model created this way is stratigraphically consistent. Facies simulation can then be constrained by the computed bathymetry. The second method describes a novel approach to fluvial reservoirs modelling. The core of the method lies in the association of a fairway with the channels to be simulated. Fairways are positioned so that all data are taken in account; they can be stochastic if unknown or explicitly entered if identified on seismic data. A potential field is defined within the fairway. Specifying a transfer function to map this potential field to thickness results in generating a channel inside the fairway. A residual component is stochastically simulated and added to the potential field creating realistic channel geometries. Conditioning to well data is obtained by applying the inverse transfer function at the data location to derive thickness values that will constrain the simulation of residuals
Egreteau, Alexandre. "Etude des variations de l'amplitude de la réflectivité du sous-sol après imagerie sismique en profondeur." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001811.
Full textIbrahim, Nidal. "Caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques des géomatériaux par technique de micro indentation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10048/document.
Full textThe technology of micro indentation is one of the techniques ofmateriaJ characterization (by using small specimens) in various fields (mechanical engineering, civil engineering, oil industry, and pharmaceutical industry). Its main advantage lies in a certain number of practical requirements as regards the solution to the problem of small specimens. The present study is devoted the characterization of the mechanical properties of geomaterials, especially rocks involved in petroleum engineering. After having presented the methodology of the indentation test for isotropic rocks, we developed a semi-analytical method based on the use of Green function to characterize transverse isotropic rocks (five elastic parameters of these rocks). The influence of the various loadings (mechanical, thermal, hydrous) on the rock mechanics properties was studied by using the technology of micro indentation and the methodology proposed for isotropic transverse were used. Moreover, we characterize the failure parameters (C and f) by a combined approach of the indentation test and a test of micro compression (MCS) carried out the indentation device. Finally, we use inverse analysis in order to identify the parameters of a Drucker Prager mode!. ln the absence of a direct solution of the problem of indentation (in plastic regime), we had recourse to a numerical modelling by a finite element code (ABAQUS) to determine the calculated curve of indentation. This determination appeared completely convincing and moreover was validated by a simulation of triaxial compression tests on the same material
Voutay, Olivier. "Mise au point d'attributs sismiques pour l'interprétation AVO et 4D des réservoirs pétroliers par analyse en composantes généralisée." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL009N.
Full textLecour, Magali. "Modélisation des incertitudes concernant la géometrie des failles : impact sur les études volumétriques des réservoirs pétroliers." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL048N.
Full textBarbier, Mickael. "Hétérogénéités multi-échelles sédimento-diagénétiques et structurales de la Formation Carbonatée Madison (Mississippien, Wyoming, USA) : implications réservoirs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4712/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to characterize factors controlling the distribution of the petrophysical and mechanical properties in carbonate reservoirs. To do so, a pluridisciplinary approach integrating sedimento-diagenetic and fracturing analyses on a carbonate reservoir analogue: he Madison Formation, (Lower Carboniferous, 357-340 My), outcropping in the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming, USA) and that is also a subsurface reservoir.The Madison Formation is a 340 m thick carbonate series composed of seven low frequency depositional sequences (LFS). The first two (LFS 1 and 2) formed on a prograding ramp passing upward into a vast platform on which the other five LFS deposited (LFS3 à 7). LFS 1 to 3 (Kinderhookian to lower Osagean) deposited under arid conditions during general subsidence that balanced eustatic falls. Retrograding system tracts are characterized by the development of supratidal to intertidal environment dominated by evaporite precipitations and carbonate dolomitization. Prograding system tracts are mainly mainly by early-lithified grainstones. LFS 4 to 7 (Osagean) deposited under humid conditions (glacial conditions in high-latitudes) that contributed to a decrease in evaporite precipitations and carbonate dolomitization but that involved karstifications on tops of LFS 4 to 7 during uplift episodes and eustatic falls
Pianelo, Laurent. "Modélisation géologique contrainte par les données sismiques et dynamiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11042.
Full textMizyakin, Yuri. "Différents problèmes théoriques et appliqués de transport dissipatif en milieux poreux." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL040N/document.
Full textThe thesis concerns three independent subject areas: the dissipative transport in heterogeneous geological media; a transport problem in an underground gas reservoir; compositional segregation in reservoirs. The common point of all examined problems is the irreversible redistribution of chemical composition of a fluid in the reservoirs. The first chapter is devoted to development of a microscopic model of simultaneous mass and heat transfer in agreement with thermodynamic principles. The second chapter is dedicated to study of multi-component diffusion in a heterogeneous medium. This study aims an application to transport phenomena in hydrocarbon reservoirs characterized firstly by diversity of transported substances (several components + heat) and their interaction (in Onsager’s meaning) and secondly by anisotropy of medium where they take place. The third chapter is dedicated to analytical study of underground gas storage sweeping due to gas dissolution in aquifer. In the fourth chapter the same problem (gas sweeping) was studied numerically in a less idealized approach using finite element method. The fifth chapter is dedicated to study of forced convection taking place in the reservoirs where the temperature gradient and gravity force are not collinear. This convection represents an element of the thermo-gravitational component segregation employed in industry (thermo-gravitational columns) and can take place in underground reservoirs