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Journal articles on the topic 'Geology ; Mineralogy ; Sedimentology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Kabanov, P. B., T. V. Alekseeva, and A. O. Alekseev. "Serpukhovian Stage (Carboniferous) in type area: Sedimentology, mineralogy, geochemistry, and section correlation." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 20, no. 1 (February 2012): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593812010030.

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García-Veigas, Javier, and Cahit Helvacı. "Mineralogy and sedimentology of the Miocene Göcenoluk borate deposit, Kırka district, western Anatolia, Turkey." Sedimentary Geology 290 (May 2013): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2013.03.006.

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3

Wan, Shiming, Youbin Sun, and Kana Nagashima. "Asian dust from land to sea: processes, history and effect from modern observation to geological records." Geological Magazine 157, no. 5 (May 2020): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756820000333.

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AbstractProduction, transport and deposition of aeolian dust from land to sea closely interact with regional environment and global climate. This Special Issue addresses transport of aeolian dust from the Asian inland to the Loess Plateau and North Pacific Ocean and their possible links to oceanic ecosystem, global climate and even human activity, over various timescales. The papers in this volume are multidisciplinary in nature and include sedimentology, mineralogy, geochemistry, environmental magnetism and climate modelling on multi-timescales from interannual, glacial–interglacial to tectonic timescales. Based on modern observation, geological records and modelling, this Special Issue offers new insights especially into aeolian provenance, dynamics controls on dust production, a novel marine aeolian proxy, as well as long-term aeolian input to the marginal basins of NE Asia and its influence on oceanic productivity. This issue provides a good example for future comprehensive studies of source-to-sink processes of Asian dust from land to sea.

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4

Moreau, Jean-David, Vincent Trincal, Jean-François Deconinck, Marc Philippe, and Benjamin Bourel. "Lowermost Jurassic dinosaur ecosystem from the Bleymard Strait (southern France): sedimentology, mineralogy, palaeobotany and palaeoichnology of the Dolomitic Formation." Geological Magazine 158, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 1830–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675682100039x.

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AbstractWe report the first Hettangian theropod tracksite (~200 Ma) yielding a rich accumulation of plant remains from the Bleymard Strait (southern France). It constitutes an excellent opportunity to reconstruct lowermost Jurassic ecosystems hosting dinosaurs and which are still poorly documented in this area. Two morphotypes of tridactyl tracks are distinguished. They share similarities with Grallator and Kayentapus. Plant-bearing beds yield abundant leafy axes (Pagiophyllum peregrinum), male cones (Classostrobus sp.), wood (Brachyoxylon sp.) and pollen of conifers (Classopollis classoides). Sedimentological, petrological and mineralogical analyses demonstrated that, in the Dolomitic Formation from Bleymard, the palaeoenvironment progressively evolved from (1) a shoreface to a foreshore domain; to (2) a shallow environment that is restricted or occasionally open to the sea; then to (3) an intertidal to supratidal zone. The Hettangian theropod ecosystem of the Bleymard Strait was composed of tidal flats that were periodically emerged and bordered paralic environments inhabited by a littoral conifer-dominated forest in which Cheirolepidiaceae were the main component. The paucity of the palaeobotanical assemblage, as well as the xerophytic characteristics of Pagiophyllum, show that flora from Bleymard was adapted to withstand intense sunlight and coastal environments exposed to desiccant conditions coupled with salty sea spray, and dry conditions. These features are those of a conifer-dominated flora under a tropical to subtropical climate. The flora as well as the clay mineral analyses suggest contrasting seasons (cyclically dry then humid). This study supports that theropods were abundant and particularly adapted to this type of littoral environment bordering Cheirolepidiaceae-dominated forests.

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Wu, Kaikai, Shengfa Liu, Xuefa Shi, Zhanghua Lou, Selvaraj Kandasamy, Bin Wu, Kunshan Wang, Peng Cao, Hui Zhang, and Che Abd Rahim Mohamed. "Distribution of rare earth elements in surface sediments of the western Sunda Shelf: Constraints from sedimentology and mineralogy." Continental Shelf Research 206 (December 2020): 104198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2020.104198.

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6

Benison, Kathleen, Jonathan Knapp, Adam Difrisco, and Troy Rasbury. "The Permian Minnekahta Limestone: a Saline Lake Gypsum Replaced by Calcite." Mountain Geologist 55, no. 2 (April 2018): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.55.2.59.

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The late Permian Minnekahta Limestone of the Black Hills of South Dakota is not a typical limestone. Sandwiched stratigraphically between continental redbed siliciclastics, it is distinct in its gray-pink appearance and carbonate mineralogy and is considered a local and regional marker bed. Based on its calcite composition and stromatolites, it has previously been interpreted as a tidal flat deposit, leading to speculation of a regional late Permian marine transgression. Here, we show observations that question the original composition, reexamine and refine the sedimentary and stratigraphic characteristics, and suggest an alternate depositional environment. Petrography and x-ray diffraction indicate that the Minnekahta Limestone is dominated by an interlocking crystal mosaic of calcite and gypsum. We have documented pseudomorphs after bottom-growth gypsum crystals, alternating laminae of mm-scale bottom growth gypsum crystal shapes and mud drapes, as well as mudcracks, raindrop imprints, and stromatolites. No carbonate grains, fossils, or tidal rhythmites were noted. These observations suggest that the carbonate phase is a replacement of gypsum. In addition to the sedimentology and petrography, close stratigraphic association with overlying and underlying continental redbeds indicates that this was likely a shallow saline-lake deposit. Other Permo-Triassic carbonate strata in continental redbed sequences throughout the midcontinent of North America, such as those in the Goose Egg, Chugwater, Nippewalla, and Spearfish strata, may have similar continental origin. This study serves as a lesson that paired petrographic observations and mineral identifications are important data necessary for the best interpretation of depositional environments and diagenetic histories.

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7

Bayhan, Emel, Mustafa Ergin, Abidin Temel, and Şeref Keskin. "Sedimentology and mineralogy of surficial bottom deposits from the Aegean–Çanakkale–Marmara transition (Eastern Mediterranean): effects of marine and terrestrial factors." Marine Geology 175, no. 1-4 (May 2001): 297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-3227(01)00142-6.

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8

Messadi, Abdel Majid, Besma Mardassi, Jamel Abdennaceur Ouali, and Jamel Touir. "Sedimentology, diagenesis, clay mineralogy and sequential analysis model of Upper Paleocene evaporite-carbonate ramp succession from Tamerza area (Gafsa Basin: Southern Tunisia)." Journal of African Earth Sciences 118 (June 2016): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.02.020.

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9

Martín, M. Martín, Sanz de Galdeano, and S. Moliner Aznar. "The Geological Heritage of Salobreña (South Spain): example of a touristic area." American Research Journal of Earth Science 2, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21694/2642-3022.21001.

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Salobreña consist of a touristic area with a typical Andalusian white town built on a hill and crowned with a Castle from the medieval era of Moors occupation. The urban area is bordered by fields of tropical crops and fruit trees that, together with its location by the sea, confer on Salobreña a beautiful postcard. These features, as a whole, are an attraction for visitors. Although the authorities are very interested in developing the beach tourism and displaying and protecting the historical center of the town, the interest in geological heritage is negligible. So, this paper tries to expose and evaluate the sites of geologic interest recognizable in the area, so that not only tourists and visitors, but also students, are offered more attractions for their visits. 30 sites are proposed as suitable to be considered as geological heritage, organized in three accessible walking itineraries named respectively: Urban, Panoramic and Littoral georoutes. The selected sites display a great variety of geological typologies as structural geology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, geomaterials, petrology, mineralogy, geomorphology and hydrogeology-hydraulics. Avoiding subjectivity, the sites and georoutes have been classified and ranked with a numerical methodology based on recent literature. The Scientific Value (SV), Potential Educational Value (PEV), Potential Touristic Value (PTV) have been quantified by using several criteria in each case. This allows visitors and teachers to select the most suitable route according to their goals. The Degradation Risk (DR) has also been evaluated, giving key geo-conservation actions. This plan can be presented to political and technical managers from Salobreña Town. Finally, some actions are proposed for better conservation of the sites but also to contribute to education and promote cultural tourism. These actions would also favor educational activities for students of all levels in earth science subjects, but also increase economic activity and sustainable development in the area by incorporating cultural visitors.

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10

Zakaria, A. S. S., H. A. A. Nasr-El-Din, and M. Ziauddin. "Predicting the Performance of the Acid-Stimulation Treatments in Carbonate Reservoirs With Nondestructive Tracer Tests." SPE Journal 20, no. 06 (December 18, 2015): 1238–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/174084-pa.

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Summary Carbonate formations are very complex in their pore structure and exhibit a wide variety of pore classes, such as interparticle porosity, moldic porosity, vuggy porosity, and microporosity. Geologists have defined carbonate pore classes on the basis of sedimentology, thin sections, and porosity/permeability relationships, but the question remains concerning how these pore classes govern the acid flow through porous media. Core samples from six different carbonates, mainly limestone, were selected for the study. The samples were first investigated with thin-section analysis, high-pressure mercury-injection tests, and nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements for pore-structure characterization, and X-ray diffraction for mineralogy examination. Next, tracer experiments were conducted, and the tracer-concentration profiles were analyzed to quantify the carbonate pore-scale heterogeneity. The heterogeneity is expressed with a parameter f—the available fraction of pore structure contributing to the flow. The data were used to study the flow of acid through carbonate rocks and correlate the pore classes to the acid response. More than 30 acid-coreflood experiments were conducted at 150°F and a hydrochloric acid concentration of 15 wt% on 1.5 × 6-in. core samples at different injection rates on each carbonate rock type. The objective of these sets of experiments is to determine the acid pore volume to breakthrough for each carbonate pore class. The findings of this study help us to connect the results from different characterization methods to the acid flow through the porous media of carbonate rocks. It was also found that the response of the acid depends on the carbonate pore classes. Application to the design of matrix acid treatments in carbonate rocks is discussed.

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11

Magioncalda, Roberto, Christian Dupuis, Dominique Blamart, Muriel Fairon-Demaret, Michel Perreau, Maurice Renard, Janine Riveline, Marc Roche, and Edward Keppens. "L'excursion isotopique du carbone organique (delta 13 C org ) dans les paleoenvironnements continentaux de l'intervalle Paleocene/Eocene de Varangeville (Haute-Normandie)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 3 (May 1, 2001): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.3.349.

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Abstract The late Palaeocene carbon isotope excursion (C.I.E.) is often regarded as the best means of correlating marine and continental deposits. The few isotopic studies carried out in continental environments were based on pedogenic carbonate [Koch et al., 1992], or on organic matter. Sinha [1997] took up this subject starting from the outcrops on the coast of the English Channel at Varangeville, where marine sequences biostratigraphically constrain the isotopic excursion. His work documents a negative delta 13 C org excursion value approximately -27 per mil PDB. The present work points out that it is necessary to study more complete sections than those studied by Sinha. A section named Phare d'Ailly has been sampled in detail (figs. 1, 2, 3). In this section, for which detailed analysis of sedimentology, palaeontology and organic matter facies establish the continental nature of the palaeoenvironment, isotopic analysis of organic matter reveals a very negative delta 13 C org excursion value approximately -30 per mil PDB. The P/E interval synthesized in figure 2 shows three main groups, the stratigraphy of which is strongly constrained between the calcareous nannofossil Zones NP8 and NP11. The marine Thanetian facies belong to Zones NP8 and NP9. Above, the "Sparnacian" (Mont Bernon Group) is divided into 5 units referred to as SP. Unit SP2 is attributed to the Peckichara disermas Charozone, equivalent to Zone NP9. For unit SP4, an indirect correlation with Zone NP10 may be deduced. The upper part of the Varangeville Formation is known for its nannofossil association attributed to Zone NP11. We may conclude from these observations that the sparnacian sediments are synchronous with NP9-10 Zones and that they are effectively located in the time interval of the delta 13 C excursion. The SP1 and SP2 sediments were analysed for carbonate content, grain size distribution, clay mineralogy and total organic content (T.O.C.), using standard laboratory methods (fig. 3). An optical specification of the organic matter has been obtained from semiquantitative analysis of the organic matter facies. The survey of macro- and microfossils has supplied complementary supports for isotopic analysis (seed, wood and charcoal). The isotopic measurements were carried out on the bulk sediment and on complementary supports with a mass spectrometer in continuous flow delta + (Finnigan Mat). The measurement precision is better than 0.1 per mil and the reproducibility is about 0.15 per mil. Washing residues provide Gasteropoda, Bivalvia, Ostracoda, Characea, as well as fruits and seeds, microcodiums and otolith. All the palaeontological data illustrate a continental biota of a pure lacustrine environment, quiet and shallow, in a hot and humid climate. The organic matter facies analysis confirms the absence of any marine influence and documents a palaeoenvironment of lakes and ponds having an anoxic floor. Thus the carbon of the organic matter is considered to be continental and their isotopic variations linked to those of the atmospheric carbon.

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12

Riccardi, Alberto. "Enrico Fossa Mancini: significación y trascendencia de su obra geológica." Revista del Museo de La Plata 1 (December 29, 2016): 257–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/25456377e033.

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Fossa Mancini nació en Jesi, Ancona, en 1884, estudió en las Universidades de Perugia y Roma y se graduó en Ciencias Naturales en la de Pisa con una tesis sobre amonites del Jurásico. Luego de participar en la Gran Guerra trabajó para el Servicio Geológico de Italia y publicó en temas de paleontología, sedimentología, hidrogeología y geología aplicada. En1922 realizó evaluaciones geológicas con fines mineros y petroleros en Venezuela. Vuelto a Italia fue designado Profesor de Mineralogía en la Universidad de Cagliari y en los años siguientes hizo trabajos sobre diferentes temas geológicos. En 1927 llegó a la Argentina por invitación de G. Bonarelli, quien desde 1923 se hallaba a cargo de la organización de las actividades geológicas de Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales. Fossa Mancini reemplazó a Bonarelli y se desempeñó como Jefe de la División Geológica hasta 1937. En ese lapso organizó un vasto programa de exploración en diferentes regiones de la Argentina y realizó estudios que quedaron registrados en numerosas publicaciones. A iniciativa de Fossa Mancini se establecieron comisiones geológicas y topográficas, se hicieron relevamientos aerofotográficos en Mendoza y San Juan y se crearon el Laboratorio Petrográfico y el sector de Geofísica, desde el cual se aplicaron, por primera vez en el país, métodos magnetométricos, gravimétricos y sismográficos. Paralelamente se estableció un sistema de becas para estudiantes que llevaría a partir de 1933 a la formación de geólogos especializados en petróleo. El esquema organizativo creado por Fossa Mancini perduró en las siguientes décadas y posibilitó una excelente formación integral de geólogos petroleros. Fossa Mancini dejó YPF en 1939 y pasó a ser Profesor de Mineralogía y Petrografía y Jefe del Departamento de Geología en el Instituto del Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y dictó cursos de geología del petróleo en el Instituto del Petróleo de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Publicó trabajos sobre variados temas geológicos y paleontológicos. Falleció en un accidente en La Plata en 1950.

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13

Hein, F. J., and F. J. Longstaffe. "Sedimentologic, mineralogic, and geotechnical descriptions of fine-grained slope and basin deposits, Baffin Island Fiords." Geo-Marine Letters 5, no. 1 (March 1985): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02629791.

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14

Thiebault, F., and M. Cremer. "Sedimentologie, mineralogie des argiles et chimie des sediment miocenes a quaternaires du site 645 (Leg ODP-105-baie de Baffin); origines et implications climatiques et courantologiques." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France VI, no. 3 (May 1, 1990): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.vi.3.457.

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15

John K. Warren. "Sedimentology and Mineralogy of Dolomitic Coorong Lakes, South Australia." SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research Vol. 60 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/212f929b-2b24-11d7-8648000102c1865d.

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16

BUKOWSKI, Krzysztof, and Grzegorz CZAPOWSKI. "SALT IN 21ST CENTURY – CURRENT PROBLEMS OF SALT GEOLOGY IN POLAND." Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, December 1, 2016, 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.4332.

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This article provides an overview on the current state of knowledge on salt geology in Poland. Salt occurs in Poland in two salt-bearing formations: Zechstein (Permian) and Miocene (Neogene). The review briefly presents information on the various aspects of salt mining as well as description of results of different research topics discussed by scientists since the beginning of the 21st century: stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochemistry, mineralogy, geophysics, tectonics, hydrogeology as well as reserves and resources of salt deposits. Various forms of management of salt occurrences (crushed salt and brine production, storages of media, and waste disposals) and the post-mining activity of salt mines are commented. This review is based on extensive literature and proposes main directions of future studies in salt geology of Poland.

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17

"Science Academies’ Refresher Course on Crystallography, Mineralogy, Igneous Petrology and Thermodynamics, Sedimentology and Economic Geology." Resonance 20, no. 11 (November 2015): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-015-0275-3.

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18

AL-MASHAIKIE, Sa’ad Zeki A. kader. "SEDIMENTOLOGY, MINERALOGY AND ORIGIN OF THE FIRST DISCOVER MAGNESITE-DOLOMITE BELT IN MA'RIB DISTRICT, SW ARABIAN PENINSULA." Bulletin Of The Mineral Research and Exploration, no. 154 (October 27, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.19111/bmre.82662.

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19

AGUADO, BERNABE. INTEVEP S.A., Cara. "Variations in Sedimentology and Mineralogy of Condense Sequences: An Example from Venezuela." AAPG Bulletin 77 (1993). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/d9cb5057-1715-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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20

Olson, Kristian J., and Tim K. Lowenstein. "Searles Lake evaporite sequences: Indicators of late Pleistocene/Holocene lake temperatures, brine evolution, and pCO2." GSA Bulletin, March 3, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35857.1.

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Searles Lake, California, was a saline-alkaline lake that deposited >25 non-clastic minerals that record the history of lake chemistry and regional climate. Here, the mineralogy and petrography from the late Pleistocene/Holocene (32−6 ka) portion of a new Searles Lake sediment core, SLAPP-SRLS17, is combined with thermodynamic models to determine the geochemical and paleoclimate conditions required to produce the observed mineral phases, sequences, and abundances. The models reveal that the primary precipitates formed by open system (i.e., fractional crystallization), whereas the early diagenetic salts formed by salinity-driven closed system back-reactions (i.e., equilibrium crystallization). For core SLAPP-SRLS17, the defining evaporite sequence trona → burkeite → halite indicates brine temperatures within a 20−29 °C range, implying thermally insulating lake depths >10 m during salt deposition. Evaporite phases reflect lake water pCO2 consistent with contemporaneous atmospheric values of ∼190−270 ppmv. However, anomalous layers of nahcolite and thenardite indicate pulses of pCO2 > 700−800 ppm, likely due to variable CO2 injection along faults. Core sedimentology indicates that Searles Lake was continuously perennial between 32 ka and 6 ka such that evaporite units reflect periods of net evaporation but never complete desiccation. Model simulations indicate that cycles of partial evaporation and dilution strongly influence long-term brine evolution by amassing certain species, particularly Cl−, that only occur in late-stage soluble salts. A model incorporating long-term brine dynamics corrects previous mass-balance anomalies and shows that the late Pleistocene/Holocene (32−6 ka) salts are partially inherited from the solutes introduced into earlier lakes going back at least 150 ka.

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R. D. Cole, J. M. Allmaras, J. P. Z. "Sedimentology, Petrology and X-ray Mineralogy of Coniacian-Santonian Niobrara Shale, Northeastern San Juan Basin, New Mexico: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 73 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/44b4a640-170a-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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22

Haryanto, Agus Didit, Yudi Darlan, Vijaya Isnaniawardhani, and Nisa Nurul Ilmi. "Zonation of Marine Geological Environment of Wangi-wangi Island Waters and Adjacent Area Wakatobi Districs Southeast Celebes Province." BULLETIN OF THE MARINE GEOLOGY 33, no. 1 (August 8, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/bomg.33.1.2018.546.

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Wakatobi is one of coastal and marine tourism destination in South–East Celebes Indonesia. Coastal and marine characteristics of this area is composed of diverse biota as the main tourism attraction. Unfortunately, increasing human needs and activities, particularly coral reefs exploitation for construction and other life aspect, endanger the sustainability of marine environment of Wakatobi and the surrounding area. The purpose of this study is to determine marine geology environmental zonation in Wangi–wangi– Kapota Islands, as a consideration for local government in monitoring and regulating the coastal area. The methods that were applied in this study are coastal characteristic mapping, sedimentology, and mineralogy analyses from 34 marine surface sediments. Marine surface sediments have been collected by Marine Geological Institute (MGI) team in 2014. The result indicates that coastal and marine characteristic of Wangi–wangi and Kapota are influenced by geological processes since Middle Miocene. The seafloor morphology is characterized by gentle slopes around coastline that is abruptly changed to very steep slopes seaward. In general, the surficial sediments consisted of biogenic sands that are distributed around coastlines and trapped within coral reefs. Coastal types of this area are generally white coral sand beaches, coral reef platforms, and notches. The area of Wangi–wangi and Kapota can be divided into 4 (four) environmental zone: Flat Plain (Zone I), Sandy Beach (Zone II), Limestone and Coral Reef (Zone III), and Sedimentary Flat (Zone IV). Zone IV in the centre area between Wangi–wangi and Kapota island is considered as the most vulnerable area due to both natural and anthropogenic factor. Keywords: zonation, seafloor morphology, tourism, Wangi–wangi–Wakatobi, Southeast Celebes ProvinceWakatobi adalah salah satu tujuan wisata pantai dan laut yang menarik dikunjungi di Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia. Karakteristik pantai dan laut daerah ini disusun oleh keragaman biota laut yang merupakan daya tarik bagi pariwisata. Sayangnya, seiring dengan berkembangnya aktifitas dan kebutuhan manusia, terutama meningkatnya eksploitasi pemanfaatan terumbu karang untuk konstruksi bangunan dan berbagai aspek kehidupan, mengancam kelestarian lingkungan alami Wakatobi dan sekitarnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membuat zonasi lingkungan pantai dan sekitarnya di Pulau Wangi–wangi dan Kapota, sehingga bisa memberikan pertimbangan bagi pemerintah setempat dalam pengawasan dan regulasi lingkungan kawasan pantai dan sekitarnya. Untuk penelitian ini, metode yang dilakukan adalah pemetaan karakteristik pantai, analisis sedimentologi dan mineralogi yang dilakukan terhadap 34 sedimen permukaan dasar laut. Pengambilan sampel sedimen permukaan dasar laut telah dilakukan oleh Tim Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi Kelautan (P3GL) pada tahun 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pantai dan laut Wangi–wangi dan Kapota dipengaruhi oleh proses geologi yang telah berlangsung sejak Miosen Tengah. Morfologi dasar laut dicirikan oleh lereng landai di sekitar tepi pantai dan berubah dengan tegas menjadi curam ke arah laut lepas. Pada umumnya tekstur sedimen permukaan dasar laut terdiri atas pasir biogenik tersebar di sekitar garis pantai, dan mengisi di dalam terumbu koral. Jenis pantai sebagian besar berupa pantai pasir koral berwarna putih, pedataran pantai terumbu koral, serta morfologi pantai berupa takik. Kawasan pantai Wangi–wangi dan Kapota bisa dibagi ke dalam 4 (empat) zonasi lingkungan: Flat Plain (Zona I), Sandy Beach (Zona II), Limestone and Coral Reef (Zona III), dan Sedimentary Flat (Zona IV). Zona IV di area tengah antara Pulau Wangi–wangi dan Pulau Kapota merupakan area yang paling rentan mengalami kerusakan lingkungan akibat faktor alami dan aktifitas manusia. Kata kunci: zonasi, morfologi dasar laut, wisata, Wangi–wangi–Wakatobi, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

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Harris, Nicholas B. "Abstract: Sedimentology, Mineralogy and Organic Geochemistry of Pre-Salt Formations, Congo Basin, West Africa: Implications for the Deposition of Lacustrine Source Rocks." AAPG Bulletin 82 (1998) (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/00aa78e2-1730-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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Pozo Rodríguez, M., and J. Casas Sainz de Aja. Estudios Geológicos 48, no. 1-2 (April 30, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/egeol.92481-2370.

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