Relevant bibliographies by topics / Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region

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Academic literature on the topic 'Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region"

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Paksoy, Nadir, Bernhard Montaville, and SW McCarthy. "Cancer Occurrence in Vanuatu in the South Pacific, 1980-86." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 3, no. 3 (July 1989): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053958900300310.

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A total of 269 pathologically confirmed carcinoma cases (118 male, 151 female) were recorded in the seven year period 1980 to 1986 in Vanuatu, an island nation within the Melanesia region in the South Pacific. Cervical cancer was numerically the most important malignancy in females (25% of all female cancers). In males, liver cancer was the most commonly observed (14.4% of all male cancers). Almost one-half (44.4%) of the available paraffin blocks from liver carcinoma cases (18 cases) demonstrated positivity of HBV antigens in liver tissue. The most interesting feature was the high proportion of thyroid cancers, especially in females. It represented 12.1 percent of all cancers in female and 5.2 percent in male Melanesians in Vanuatu. These percentages were found to be even higher than among Hawaiians for whom the highest incidence rates in the world have been recorded. Since our study was based solely on pathologically diagnosed cases, the findings should be regarded as minimum estimates.
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Inizan, Catherine, Olivia O’Connor, George Worwor, Talica Cabemaiwai, Jean-Claude Grignon, Dominique Girault, Marine Minier, et al. "Molecular Characterization of Dengue Type 2 Outbreak in Pacific Islands Countries and Territories, 2017–2020." Viruses 12, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101081.

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Dengue virus (DENV) serotype-2 was detected in the South Pacific region in 2014 for the first time in 15 years. In 2016–2020, DENV-2 re-emerged in French Polynesia, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia, co-circulating with and later replacing DENV-1. In this context, epidemiological and molecular evolution data are paramount to decipher the diffusion route of this DENV-2 in the South Pacific region. In the current work, the E gene from 23 DENV-2 serum samples collected in Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia was sequenced. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed. While all DENV-2 strains sequenced belong to the Cosmopolitan genotype, phylogenetic analysis suggests at least three different DENV-2 introductions in the South Pacific between 2017 and 2020. Strains retrieved in these Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) in 2017–2020 are phylogenetically related, with strong phylogenetic links between strains retrieved from French PICTs. These phylogenetic data substantiate epidemiological data of the DENV-2 diffusion pattern between these countries.
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Capuano, Corinne, and Masayo Ozaki. "Yaws in the Western Pacific Region: A Review of the Literature." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/642832.

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Until the middle of the 20th century, yaws was highly endemic and considered a serious public health problem in the Western Pacific Region (WPR), leading to intensive control efforts in the 1950s–1960s. Since then, little attention has been paid to its reemergence. Its current burden is unknown. This paper presents the results of an extensive literature review, focusing on yaws in the South Pacific. Available records suggest that the region remains largely free of yaws except for Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. Many clinical cases reported recently were described as “attenuated”; advanced stages are rare. A single intramuscular injection of benzathine penicillin is still effective in curing yaws. In the Pacific, yaws may be amenable to elimination if adequate resources are provided and political commitment revived. A mapping of yaws prevalence in PNG, Solomon, and Vanuatu is needed before comprehensive country-tailored strategies towards yaws elimination can be developed.
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Cabioch, Guy. "Postglacial reef development in the South-West Pacific: case studies from New Caledonia and Vanuatu." Sedimentary Geology 159, no. 1-2 (June 2003): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-0738(03)00094-0.

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Fletcher, Stephanie M., Jodi Thiessen, Anna Gero, Michele Rumsey, Natasha Kuruppu, and Juliet Willetts. "Traditional Coping Strategies and Disaster Response: Examples from the South Pacific Region." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264503.

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The Pacific Islands are vulnerable to climate change and increased risk of disasters not only because of their isolated and often low lying geographical setting but because of their economic status which renders them reliant on donor support. In a qualitative study exploring the adaptive capacity of Pacific Island Countries (PICs) across four countries, Cook Islands, Fiji, Samoa, and Vanuatu, it was clear that traditional coping strategies are consistently being applied as part of response to disasters and climate changes. This paper describes five common strategies employed in PICs as understood through this research: recognition of traditional methods; faith and religious beliefs; traditional governance and leadership; family and community involvement; and agriculture and food security. While this study does not trial the efficacy of these methods, it provides an indication of what methods are being used and therefore a starting point for further research into which of these traditional strategies are beneficial. These findings also provide important impetus for Pacific Island governments to recognise traditional approaches in their disaster preparedness and response processes.
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Hong, Isabel, Jessica E. Pilarczyk, Benjamin P. Horton, Hermann M. Fritz, Thomas J. Kosciuch, Davin J. Wallace, Clayton Dike, Allan Rarai, Morris J. Harrison, and Fred R. Jockley. "Sedimentological characteristics of the 2015 Tropical Cyclone Pam overwash sediments from Vanuatu, South Pacific." Marine Geology 396 (February 2018): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2017.05.011.

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Burrett, C., N. Duhid, R. Berry, and R. Varne. "Asian and south-western Pacific continental terranes derived from Gondwana, and their biogeographic significance." Australian Systematic Botany 4, no. 1 (1991): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9910013.

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The recent recognition of numerous small geological terranes in the Indo-Pacific region has revolutionised our understanding of geological and biogeographic processes. Most of these terranes rifted from Gondwana. The Shan-Thai terrane rifted from Australia in the Permian and collided with Indo-China in the Triassic. Parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan may have rifted from Australia in the Cretaceous and carried an angiosperm flora north. Other terranes, now dispersed in South-East Asia and in the Pacific were, at various times in the Cenozoic, part of the Australian continent. Faunal and floral mobilism to Fiji via the Solomons and Vanuatu was probably not difficult up to the late Miocene.
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Collot, J., M. Patriat, R. Sutherland, S. Williams, D. Cluzel, M. Seton, B. Pelletier, et al. "Chapter 2 Geodynamics of the SW Pacific: a brief review and relations with New Caledonian geology." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 51, no. 1 (2020): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m51-2018-5.

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AbstractThe SW Pacific region consists of a succession of ridges and basins that were created by the fragmentation of Gondwana and the evolution of subduction zones since Mesozoic times. This complex geodynamic evolution shaped the geology of New Caledonia, which lies in the northern part of the Zealandia continent. Alternative tectonic models have been postulated. Most models agree that New Caledonia was situated on an active plate margin of eastern Gondwana during the Mesozoic. Extension affected the region from the Late Cretaceous to the Paleocene and models for this period vary in the location and nature of the plate boundary between the Pacific and Australian plates. Eocene regional tectonic contraction included the obduction of a mantle-derived Peridotite Nappe in New Caledonia. In one class of model, this contractional phase was controlled by an east-dipping subduction zone into which the Norfolk Ridge jammed, whereas and in a second class of model this phase corresponds to the initiation of the west-dipping Tonga–Kermadec subduction zone. Neogene tectonics of the region near New Caledonia was dominated by the eastwards retreat of Tonga–Kermadec subduction, leading to the opening of a back-arc basin east of New Caledonia, and the initiation and southwestwards advance of the New Hebrides–Vanuatu subduction zone towards New Caledonia.
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Dekkers, Aart, and Stephen Maxwell. "Studies in Canarium urceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Part 3: new species from the western Pacific (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae: Strombidae)." Festivus 52, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f524345.

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This study introduces four new species within the Canarium urceus complex. Canarium daveyi nov. sp. and the sympatric C. geelvinkbaaiensis nov. sp. from the region surrounding Geelvink Bay in north-eastern Indonesia, C. youngorum nov. sp. from the island of north-eastern Papua New Guinea, and finally Canarium manintveldi nov. sp from the southern South Pacific centred on Fiji and Vanuatu. These new species differ from, and are described based on, the morphology and geographical distribution from known species belonging to the C. urceus complex. This study comprises part three in a series examining the broader C. urceus complex.
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Sear, David A., Melinda S. Allen, Jonathan D. Hassall, Ashley E. Maloney, Peter G. Langdon, Alex E. Morrison, Andrew C. G. Henderson, et al. "Human settlement of East Polynesia earlier, incremental, and coincident with prolonged South Pacific drought." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 16 (April 6, 2020): 8813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920975117.

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The timing of human colonization of East Polynesia, a vast area lying between Hawai‘i, Rapa Nui, and New Zealand, is much debated and the underlying causes of this great migration have been enigmatic. Our study generates evidence for human dispersal into eastern Polynesia from islands to the west from around AD 900 and contemporaneous paleoclimate data from the likely source region. Lake cores from Atiu, Southern Cook Islands (SCIs) register evidence of pig and/or human occupation on a virgin landscape at this time, followed by changes in lake carbon around AD 1000 and significant anthropogenic disturbance from c. AD 1100. The broader paleoclimate context of these early voyages of exploration are derived from the Atiu lake core and complemented by additional lake cores from Samoa (directly west) and Vanuatu (southwest) and published hydroclimate proxies from the Society Islands (northeast) and Kiribati (north). Algal lipid and leaf wax biomarkers allow for comparisons of changing hydroclimate conditions across the region before, during, and after human arrival in the SCIs. The evidence indicates a prolonged drought in the likely western source region for these colonists, lasting c. 200 to 400 y, contemporaneous with the phasing of human dispersal into the Pacific. We propose that drying climate, coupled with documented social pressures and societal developments, instigated initial eastward exploration, resulting in SCI landfall(s) and return voyaging, with colonization a century or two later. This incremental settlement process likely involved the accumulation of critical maritime knowledge over several generations.
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Books on the topic "Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region"

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Geology and offshore resources of Pacific island arcs--Vanuatu region. Houston, Tex., U.S.A: Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region"

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Barker, Graeme. "Weed, Tuber, and Maize Farming in the Americas." In The Agricultural Revolution in Prehistory. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199281091.003.0012.

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The American continent extends over 12,000 kilometres from Alaska to Cape Horn, and encompasses an enormous variety of environments from arctic to tropical. For the purposes of this discussion, such a huge variety has to be simplified into a few major geographical units within the three regions of North, Central, and South America (Fig. 7.1). Large tracts of Alaska and modern Canada north of the 58th parallel consist of tundra, which extends further south down the eastern coast of Labrador. To the south, boreal coniferous forests stretch eastwards from Lake Winnipeg and the Red River past the Great Lakes to the Atlantic, and westwards from the slopes of the Rockies to the Pacific. The vast prairies in between extend southwards through the central United States between the Mississippi valley and the Rockies, becoming less forested and more open as aridity increases further south. South of the Great Lakes the Appalachian mountains dominate the eastern United States, making a temperate landscape of parallel ranges and fertile valleys, with sub-tropical environments developing in the south-east. The two together are commonly referred to as the ‘eastern Woodlands’ in the archaeological literature. On the Pacific side are more mountain ranges such as the Sierra Nevada, separated from the Rockies by arid basins including the infamous Death Valley. These drylands extend southwards into the northern part of Central America, to what is now northern Mexico, a region of pronounced winter and summer seasonality in temperature, with dryland geology and geomorphology and xerophytic vegetation. The highlands of Central America, from Mexico to Nicaragua, are cool tropical environments with mixed deciduous and coniferous forests. The latter develop into oak-laurel-myrtle rainforest further south in Costa Rica and Panama. The lowlands on either side sustain a variety of tropical vegetation adapted to high temperatures and frost-free climates, including rainforest, deciduous woodland, savannah, and scrub. South America can be divided into a number of major environmental zones (Pearsall, 1992). The first is the Pacific littoral, which changes dramatically from tropical forest in Colombia and Ecuador to desert from northern Peru to central Chile. This coastal plain is transected by rivers flowing from the Andes, and in places patches of seasonal vegetation (lomas) are able to survive in rainless desert sustained by sea fog.
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Conference papers on the topic "Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region"

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Bray, Don E., and G. S. Gad. "Establishment of an NDE Center at the Papua New Guinea University of Technology: Scope and Objectives." In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-065.

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Papua New Guinea lies just north of Australia (Fig. 1). It is a developing island nation, with 462,839 km of land area, a population of 3.9 million people, and vast natural resources (Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia, 1996). It is the largest island in the Oceania region of the world, which also includes Fiji, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Most of these islands share similar resources, and prudent development of the resources requires utilization of nondestructive evaluation (NDE). NDE provides the means for flaw detection and size assessment, as well as evaluation of material degradation such as corrosion and hydrogen attack. These are factors which affect the service life of components and systems. Being aware of the state of degradation of these components and systems will enable cost effective maintenance, and reduce costly and dangerous failures. Recognizing the need for NDE expertise, the Papua New Guinea University of Technology at Lae has initiated a Center for Nondestructive Evaluation. Once operational, the center should serve the entire Oceania region, and provide resources, trained students and expertise that will enable the growth of the NDE industry within that area. It is widely accepted that NDE adds value to a product or process, not just cost. The amount of value is directly related to the engineering education of the personnel making NDE decisions. The growth of the NDE industry in these South Pacific Islands will add to the economy, as well as aid in the further creation of a population of engineers who are well educated in NDE.
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Reports on the topic "Geology - South Pacific - Vanuatu region"

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Jackson, L. E., D. G. Froese, A. M. Telka, J. A. Westgate, S J Preece, J. E. Storer, and C A Huscroft. Late Cenozoic geology, Ancient Pacific Margin NATMAP Project, report 5: paleoecology and proxy climatic change records, south Klondike placer region, Yukon Territory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/213068.

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Rotheisler, P. N., L. E. Jackson, and S. R. Hicock. Late Cenozoic geology, Ancient Pacific Margin NATMAP Project, report 6: glacial limits, Middle Pleistocene sediments, and placer gold in the Scroggie Creek basin, south Klondike placer region, Yukon Territory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214018.

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